It was wonderful—I loved him & I think he liked me. He talked a great deal about his work & life & aims, & about sother writers. Then we went for a little walk, & somehow grew very intimate. I plucked up courage to tell him what I find in his work—the boring down into things to get to the very bottom below the apparent facts. He seemed to feel I had understood him; then I stopped & we just looked into each other's eyes for some time, & then he said he had grown to wish he could live on the surface and write differently, that he had grown frightened. His eyes at the moment expressed the inward pain & terror that one feels him always fighting. Then he talked a lot about Poland, & showed me an album of family photographs of the 60's—spoke about how dream-like all that seems, & how he sometimes feels he ought not to have had any children, because they have no roots or traditions or relations.
ellauri008.html on line 472: My first impression was one of surprise. He spoke English with a very strong foreign accent, and nothing in his demeanour in any way suggested the sea. He was an aristocratic Polish gentleman to his fingertips. At our very first meeting, we talked with continually increasing intimacy. We seemed to sink through layer after layer of what was superficial, till gradually both reached the central fire. It was an experience unlike any other I have known. We looked into each other's eyes, half appalled and half intoxicated to find ourselves together in such a region. The emotion was as intense as passionate love, and at the same time all-embracing. I came away bewildered, and hardly able to find my way among ordinary affairs.
ellauri008.html on line 744: Man is amazing, but not a masterpiece, he said, keeping his eyes fixed on the glass case. Perhaps the artist was a little mad. Eh? What do you think? Sometimes it seems to me that man is come where he is not wanted, where there is no place for him; for if not, why should he want all the place? Why should he run about here and there making great noise about himself, talking about stars, disturbing the blades of grass? ...
ellauri008.html on line 809: This book analyzes the representations of homosexuality in Conrad’s fiction, beginning with Conrad’s life and letters to show that Conrad himself was, at least imaginatively, bisexual. Conrad’s recurrent bouts of neurasthenia, his difficult courtships, late marriage, and frequent expressions of misogyny can all be attributed to the fact that Conrad was emotionally, temperamentally, and, perhaps, even erotically more comfortable with men than women.
ellauri008.html on line 813: In March 1896 Conrad married an Englishwoman, Jessie George. The couple had two sons, Borys and John. The elder, Borys, proved a disappointment in scholarship and integrity. Jessie was an unsophisticated, working-class girl, sixteen years younger than Conrad. To his friends, she was an inexplicable choice of wife, and the subject of some rather disparaging and unkind remarks. (See Lady Ottoline Morrell's opinion of Jessie in Impressions.)
ellauri008.html on line 837: Stemming from Ernest's treatment as a child, where his overbearing mother put him in dresses (a common practice then, but which his mother took to the extreme, even treating him like a girl), Hemingway had an interesting relationship with gender and his perceptions of it. He probably never engaged in homosexual activity but there can be no doubt that he idolized the male form. There are scenes in almost all of his books but certainly in his major novels where the men are presented in a homerotic manner. Farewell to Arms is kind of an eyebrow raiser. But this is also the man who wrote The Garden of Eden, which was about gender switching. Ernest's 3rd son "ille faciet" Gregory fulfilled his dad's dream. Go read Running With The Bulls. This is written by his son Gregory’s wife Valerie, who had to deal with the fact that her man was a transvestite and died from a botched sex change. Very few people know this.
ellauri008.html on line 876:

You said that giving your life up to them (them meaning all of mankind with skins brown, yellow or black in colour) was like selling your soul to a brute. You contended that that kind of thing was only endurable and enduring when based on a firm conviction in the truth of ideas racially your own, in whose name are established the order, the morality of an ethical process. We want its strength at our backs, you said. We want a belief in its necessity and its justice, to make a worthy and conscious sacrifice of our lives. In other words, you maintained that we must fight in the ranks or our lives don't count. You should know who came out cleverly without singeing your wings.
ellauri008.html on line 1176: jalkowäliwiixisen wastuupään Kaijus jonkun joholla.

ellauri008.html on line 1468: Natsit itse piti Maraa joutavana suunpieksäjänä, eikä ihme, veikkohan nostaa avainongelmaksi tän: "Warum ist überhaupt etwas und nicht vielmehr nichts?" Leila Haaparanta rassu mietti tätä kuusivuotiaana taimisena, ehkä nytte emeritana vieläkin. Pian se selviää. Kysymykseen vastaa Hegel: Weil nichts existiert nicht, das Nichts nur nichtet. Hoo hoo jaa jaa, metafysiikkaa. Palataan Parmenideeseen kuin koira oksennukselle. Ei jaksa. Nyrjähtänyttä kielipeliä. Kiinalainen kissa joka huitoo ilmaa, yhden käden merirosvo ilman jackpottia. Hitler varmaan sanoi Maralle: Martin, du nichtssagender Pfurz! Ei huijannut Adlerhorstin ajattelijaa.
ellauri008.html on line 1477: Sein ist der allgemeinste und leerste Begriff. Als solcher widersteht er jedem Definitionsversuch. Dieser allgemeinste und daher undefinierbare Begriff bedarf auch keiner Definition. Jeder gebraucht ihn ständig und versteht auch schon, was er je damit meint. Damit ist das, was als Verborgenes das antike Philosophieren in die Unruhe trieb und in ihr erhielt, zu einer sonnenklaren Selbstverständlichkeit geworden, so zwar, daß, wer darnach auch noch fragt, einer methodischen Verfehlung bezichtigt wird.
ellauri009.html on line 695: Your scarf, it was apricot

ellauri011.html on line 45: That all was over on this side the tomb,

ellauri011.html on line 495: When he was around 12 years old, he started writing a dairy on a regular basis.
ellauri011.html on line 505: During the 1970s, he started taking cannabis as he was freed from his family. His theater success was more than his writing career, and his writing failures caused his inclination towards black magic.
ellauri011.html on line 509: In 1974, he and his wife, Gisa, were arrested in Rio de Janeiro, where they were tortured for few days. Though the couple was released, his wife left him after this incidence as she suffered from Paranoia.
ellauri011.html on line 516: Though he wrote the book so quickly, it took it quite long to taste the first success of the book. Initially, only 900 copies of the book were published in Portuguese, which later went out of print. But he didn’t give up, went to a new publisher, added the beginning sentence “When you want something, the whole universe conspires to help you.” And, the icing on the cake was the 1993 release of its English version which took the novel to new heights. Paulo Coelho - The Alchemist.
ellauri011.html on line 525: Speaking to a Brazilian newspaper, Coelho said "One of the books that caused great harm was James Joyce's Ulysses, which is a pure style. There is nothing there. Stripped down, Ulysses is a twit."
ellauri011.html on line 560: His work has been published in more than 170 countries and translated into eighty languages. Together, his books have sold in the hundreds of millions. On 22 December 2016, Coelho was listed by UK-based company Richtopia at number 2 in the list of 200 most influential contemporary authors.
ellauri011.html on line 566: In his central figure, not-quite-Paulo, he has created (I imagine by mistake) a devastating portrait of a man whose stock in trade is spirituality but who is worldly to his very toenails, exquisitely attuned to his own status. He is constantly reminding himself how many books he has sold, how many languages they have been translated into, and that he is 'despite all the adverse reviews, a possible candidate for a major literary prize'. When he takes up with another woman (strictly to dispel the Zahir, of course), he chooses a successful French actress of 35, on the grounds that she was the only candidate to enjoy his status, 'because she too was famous and knew that celebrity counts'. Celebrity is an aphrodisiac. 'It was good for a woman's ego to be with a man and know that he had chosen her even though he had had the pick of many others.' And the man's ego, does that come into it? Not-quite-Paulo is too gallant to reveal his own age, but if he is indeed a refraction of the author then he is 20 years Marie's senior. It's adorable that he should regard himself so solemnly as the trophy in this pairing.
ellauri011.html on line 834:

And that night, in September 1970, after being expelled from a bar and humiliated by the police, the people there danced and gave thanks to God for a life that was so captivating, so full of unfamiliar things, so captivating.

ellauri011.html on line 898: Paulo began emptying his mind. It wasn't difficult, there wasn't all that much work to do. Paulo cannot see things how they really are, for all the invisible things he thinks there ought to be.
ellauri011.html on line 912:

No, he did not love her. The night they returned from Asia, just after dinner, they made amazing love that left her soaking in sweat, satisfied, and ready to do anything for this man. But he was talking to her less and less.
ellauri011.html on line 918: Meanwhile, she thought to herself: Hmmm, the others must have noticed that I feel different. What a wonderful thing it was, to be able to love. It's what makes us remember our mission on earth, our purpose in life. [A full page follows of this sort of dithyramb. Another solo aria starring Paulo.]
ellauri011.html on line 943: In 2005, when he was already a world-famous writer, Paulo went to Amsterdam to give an important talk. On the morning o the talk, he was interviewed on one of Holland's principal TV shows at his old hostel - since converted to a hotel for nonsmokers, expensive and with a small and well-regarded high-end restaurant.
ellauri011.html on line 947: He never again heard from Karla. He had a vague hope that Karla, knowing he was in the city [How? From TV of course! Everyone must have seen the show!] would show up to meet him. During the conference, he told part of the story found in this book. At a certain point, he couldn't help it and asked: Karla, are you here? No one raised a hand.
ellauri011.html on line 1332: The term public opinion was derived from the French opinion publique which was first used in 1588 by Michel de Montaigne in the second edition of his Essays (ch. XXII).
ellauri011.html on line 1336: The emergence of public opinion as a significant force in the political realm can be dated to the late 17th century. However, opinion had been regarded as having singular importance since far earlier. Medieval fama publica or vox et fama communis had great legal and social importance from the 12th and 13th centuries onward. Later, William Shakespeare called public opinion the "mistress of success" and Blaise Pascal thought it was "the queen of the world".
ellauri011.html on line 1338: In his treatise An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, John Locke considered that man was subject to three laws: the divine law, the civil law and most importantly in Locke's judgement, the law of opinion or reputation.
ellauri011.html on line 1344: Temple disagreed with the prevalent opinion that the basis of government lay in a social contract and thought that government was merely allowed to exist due to the favour of public opinion.
ellauri011.html on line 1346: An institution of central importance in the development of public opinion, was the coffee-house, which became widespread throughout Europe in the mid-17th century. Although Charles II later tried to suppress the London coffeehouses as "places where the disaffected met, and spread scandalous reports concerning the conduct of His Majesty and his Ministers", the public flocked to them.
ellauri011.html on line 1356: The success of Julie delighted Rousseau; he took pleasure in narrating a story about how a lady ordered a horse carriage to go to an Opera, and then picked up Julie only to continue reading the book till the next morning. So many women wrote to him offering their love that he speculated there was not a single high society woman with whom he would not have succeeded if he wanted to.
ellauri012.html on line 116: 30:4 Cuca taiwasen ylös ja alas mene? cuca käsittä tuulen piwoons? cuca sito weden waatteseen? cuca on asettanut maan pijrit? mikä on hänen nimens? cuinga hänen poicans cudzutan? tiedätkös?

ellauri012.html on line 121: 30:9 Etten minä ( jos minä ylön rawituxi tulisin ) kieldäis sinua/ ja sanois: cuca on HERra? Eli jos minä ylön köyhäxi tulisin/ warastais ja syndiä tekis Jumalan nime wastan.

ellauri012.html on line 143: 30:31 Hurtta jolla wahwat siwut owat/ ja jäärä: ja Cuningas jota wastan ei kengän olla tohdi.

ellauri012.html on line 190: I was serenely independent and content before we met

ellauri014.html on line 70: Yes, you could say she was attractively built

ellauri014.html on line 74: I started going to see The Beatles in 1961 when I was 14 and I got quite friendly with them. If they were playing out of town they’d give me a lift back home in their van. It was about the same time that I started getting called Polythene Pat. It’s embarrassing really. I just used to eat polythene all the time. I’d tie it in knots and then eat it.
ellauri014.html on line 76: We’d read all these things about leather and we didn’t have any leather but I had my oilskins and we had some polythene bags from somewhere. We all dressed up in them and wore them in bed. John stayed the night with us in the same bed. I don’t think anything very exciting happened and we all wondered what the fun was in being ‘kinky’.
ellauri014.html on line 78: The 256th couplet of Tirukkural, which was composed at least 2000 years ago, says that "if people do not consume a product or service, then there will not be anybody to supply that product or service for the sake of price".
ellauri014.html on line 83: Locke addressed the concept of supply and demand as part of a discussion about interest rates in 17th-century England. The phrase "supply and demand" was first used by James Denham-Steuart in his Inquiry into the Principles of Political Economy, published in 1767. Adam Smith used the phrase in his 1776 book The Wealth of Nations.
ellauri014.html on line 89: Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded is an epistolary novel by English writer Samuel Richardson, a novel which was first published in 1740. It tells the story of a 16-year-old maidservant named Pamela Andrews, whose employer, Mr. B, a wealthy landowner, makes unwanted and inappropriate advances towards her after the death of his mother. Pamela strives to reconcile her strong religious training with her desire for the approval of her employer in a series of letters and, later, journal entries, addressed to her impoverished parents. After various unsuccessful attempts at seduction, a series of sexual assaults, and an extended period of kidnapping, the rakish Mr. B eventually reforms and makes Pamela a sincere proposal of marriage. In the novel's second part, Pamela marries Mr. B and tries to acclimatize to her new position in upper-class society. The full title, Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded, makes plain Richardson's moral purpose. A best-seller of its time, Pamela was widely read but was also criticized for its perceived licentiousness and disregard for class barriers.
ellauri014.html on line 518: A cartoon depicting Rousseau as a Savage Man, a Yahoo, caught in the woods was more to Hume's taste. He described it to her with relish. "I am represented as a farmer, who caresses him and offers him some oats to eat, which he refuses in a rage; Voltaire and D'Alembert are whipping him up behind; and Horace Walpole making him horns of papier maché. The idea is not altogether absurd." (Edmonds/Eidinow, Enlightened enemies, the Guardian 2007)
ellauri014.html on line 1066: EURO: Ich was sozzialisto autretime, aber vandag no convient nicht plus! Ich esse inderfact eine renommado swizzero banquiero!

ellauri014.html on line 1109: (Old age is a waste: medical ethicist Ezekiel Emanuel argues that life after 75 is not worth living. MIT Technology Review)
ellauri014.html on line 1499: As a youth, at university, Milton was known as the ´Lady´ of Christ’s College.
ellauri014.html on line 1511: But an air of mystery surrounds Marino´s life, especially the various times he spent in prison; one of the arrests was due to procuring an abortion for a certain Antonella Testa, daughter of the mayor of Naples, but whether she was pregnant by Marino or one of his friends is unknown; the second conviction (for which he risked a capital sentence) was due to the poet´s forging episcopal bulls in order to save a friend who had been involved in a duel.
ellauri014.html on line 1512: He remained the reference point for Baroque poetry as long as it was in vogue. In the 18th and 19th centuries, while being remembered for historical reasons, he was regarded as the source and exemplar of Baroque "bad taste".
ellauri014.html on line 1524: The two poets had their duel on the Chernaya Rechka using Pushkin-era pistols. On his way to the venue, Voloshin lost one of his galoshes and declared that he would not leave the spot until he found it. The galosh was found, Gumilyov fired his pistol first and missed, while Voloshin’s pistol misfired twice. The two poets patched up relations only 12 years later.
ellauri014.html on line 1557: ... But more importantly, these surroundings put Marino in direct contact with the natural philosophy of Della Porta and the philosophical systems of Giordano Bruno and Tommaso Campanella. While Campanella himself was to oppose "Marinism" (though not attacking it directly), this common speculative background should be borne in mind with its important pantheistic (and thus neo-pagan and heterodox) implications, to which Marino would remain true all his life and exploit in his poetry, obtaining great success amongst some of the most conformist thinkers on the one hand while encountering continual difficulties because of the intellectual content of his work on the other.
ellauri014.html on line 1569: The Cambridge History of Italian Literature thought him to be "one of the greatest Italian poets of all time". He is considered the founder of the school of Marinism, later known as Secentismo (17th century) or Marinismo (19th century), characterised by its use of extravagant and excessive conceits.[2] Marino´s conception of poetry, which exaggerated the artificiality of Mannerism, was based on an extensive use of antithesis and a whole range of wordplay, on lavish descriptions and a sensuous musicality of the verse, and enjoyed immense success in his time, comparable to that of Petrarch before him.
ellauri014.html on line 1572: He was widely imitated in Italy, France (where he was the idol of members of the précieux school, such as Georges Scudéry, and the so-called libertins such as Tristan l´Hermite), Spain (where his greatest admirer was Lope de Vega) and other Catholic countries, including Portugal and Poland, as well as Germany, where his closest follower was Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau and Holland where Constantijn Huygens was a great admirer. In England he was admired by John Milton and translated by Richard Crashaw.
ellauri014.html on line 1643: ... interesting and ingenious burlesque compositions such as La Murtoleide (81 satirical sonnets against Gaspare Murtola), the "capitolo" Lo stivale; Il Pupulo alla Pupula (burlesque letters) etc. Many works were announced but never written, including the long poem Le trasformazioni, inspired by Ovid´s Metamorphoses, which was abandoned after Marino turned his attention to Adone.
ellauri014.html on line 1770: Like Bryant’s poem, this verse is about autumnal flowers. With some searching I found this poem in the 1884 New Year’s edition of Godey’s Lady’s Book. “Tam! The Story of a Woman” by Ella Rodman Church and August De Bubna includes this poem. In the story the verses are found in a copy of Bryant’s poetry–hence Montgomery’s connection to the poem–but in the (relatively boring) story they are actually written on a slip of paper that was found in the Bryant book–and written by a woman who tentatively hopes to make a career as a poet in a male’s publishing world. Intriguingly, Montgomery seems to have forgotten the original context of the verse, but herself emulated the desire of “Miss Powell” in the story.
ellauri014.html on line 1772: It seems to me that Montgomery selects out the best bit of the poem, but again you see my bias. I am that “blossom,” I hope–but if all four verses are included it becomes rather silly to press the metaphor. Still, I think Montgomery was on the right track with her idea of “The Alpine Path.” It is a peculiar provenance that brings us this poem, but it has been an interesting journey. Once I found the names of Ella Rodman Church and August De Bubna I found that others have followed my path of curiosity. The Confederation Centre of the Arts in Charlottetown has some of L.M. Montgomery’s scrapbooks, including her copy of the poem. But the search has been interesting, nonetheless.
ellauri014.html on line 1816: Where thy pale form was laid, with many tears,
ellauri014.html on line 1839: Old Ocean’s gray and melancholy waste,—
ellauri014.html on line 1973: "Thanatopsis" remains a milestone in American literary history. "Poems" was considered by many to be the first major book of American poetry. Nevertheless, over five years, it earned Bryant only $14.92. Poet and literary critic Thomas Holley Chivers, who often accused other writers of stealing poems, said that the only thing Bryant "ever wrote that may be called Poetry is ´Thanatopsis´, which he stole line for line from the Spanish."
ellauri015.html on line 763: Vähän herrakansalaista näpäsee et pitkät sukulaiset suhtautuu siihen kuin hukkapätkään Aadolf Hitleriin ("hyvin pieni mies, hyvin pieni"), tai Armi Kuuselan filippiinimamuun ("hotel guy, small and fat was he"). Kazoo sitä nenänvarttaan pitkin alaspäin. Minkäs sille voi, ellei pikku saku ota alleen pallia. Nää jäi kyl mieleen lähtemättömästi. Niinkuin meidän esi-isälle, josta pitkänhuiskea Kristina-serkku käytti nimitystä "lihava pieni pormestari". Saxalaisten vastaisku oli Dipnerin tädin huomautus Callesta: "er sieht wie ein Skelett aus."
ellauri016.html on line 699: Along with everything that was lost and won

ellauri016.html on line 731: Along with everything that was lost and won

ellauri016.html on line 778: By the mid-1980s, Drake was being cited as an influence by musicians such as Kate Bush, Paul Weller, the Black Crowes, Peter Buck of R.E.M. and Robert Smith of the Cure. The Cure's name derives from Drake's song "Time Has Told Me" ("a troubled cure for a troubled mind").
ellauri016.html on line 780: In 1999, "Pink Moon" was used in a Volkswagen commercial, boosting Drake's US album sales from about 6,000 copies in 1999 to 74,000 in 2000. The LA Times saw it as an example of how, following the consolidation of US radio stations, previously unknown music was finding audiences through advertising. Fans used the filesharing software Napster to circulate digital copies of Drake's music; according to the Atlantic, "The chronic shyness and mental illness that made it hard for Drake to compete with 1970s showmen like Elton John and David Bowie didn't matter when his songs were being pulled one by one out of the ether and played late at night in a dorm room." In November 2014, Gabrielle Drake published a biography of her brother. Over the following years, Drake's songs appeared in soundtracks of "quirky, youthful" films such as The Royal Tenenbaums, Serendipity and Garden State. Made to Love Magic, an album of outtakes and remixes released by Island Records in 2004, far exceeded Drake's lifetime sales. In 2017, Kele Okereke cited Pink Moon as an influence on his third solo album Fatherland. Other contemporary artists influenced by Drake include José González, Bon Iver, Iron & Wine, Alexi Murdoch and Philip Selway of Radiohead.
ellauri016.html on line 782: Drake recorded his debut album Five Leaves Left later in 1968, with Boyd as producer. He had to skip lectures to travel by train to the sessions in Sound Techniques studio, London. Inspired by John Simon's production of Leonard Cohen's 1967 album Songs of Leonard Cohen, Boyd was keen to record Drake's voice in a similar close and intimate style, "with no shiny pop reverb". He sought to include a string arrangement similar to Simon's, "without overwhelming or sounding cheesy".
ellauri017.html on line 174: was not a theological statement. It was bit of hyperbole in a debate starting up in mathematics. It was part of Kronecker’s feud with Georg Cantor.
ellauri017.html on line 185: If there is one God, and God created everything, then is it fair to say that the number 1 pre-existed God and was not created by God?

ellauri017.html on line 462: In October 1922, Mansfield moved to Georges Gurdjieff's Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man in Fontainebleau, France, where she was put under the care of Olgivanna Lazovitch Hinzenburg (who later married Frank Lloyd Wright). As a guest rather than a pupil of Gurdjieff, Mansfield was not required to take part in the rigorous routine of the institute, but she spent much of her time there with her mentor, Alfred Richard Orage, and her last letters inform Murry of her attempts to apply some of Gurdjieff's teachings to her own life. Mansfield suffered a fatal pulmonary haemorrhage in January 1923, after running up a flight of stairs.
ellauri017.html on line 780: Mutta ei titulusta cohta ymmärretä, waicka nämät sanat: Usia Gotham Ahas Ezechia Judan Cuningat etc. ymmärrettäisin, pitä cuitengin tiettämän mitä näiden Cuningain aicana tapahtunut on, millinen maan tila oli, mikä Cansa oli ja millä mielellä, mikä heidän aiwoituxens oli, ja cuinga sijhen aican oli, cuinga he idzens käytit kylänmiehiäns, ystäwitäns ja wihollisians wastan: Ja erinomaisest cuinga he olit Jumalata ja Prophetaita wastan oikias ja wääräs Jumalan palweluxes, nijncuin tästä on kirjoitettu wijmeises Cuningasten kirjas cap. 15. 16. 17. 18. ja 19. ja toises Aicakirjas cap. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. Äh, pitääkö nääkin nyt eka lukea? Jääköön myöhemmäx.
ellauri017.html on line 822: Ennusta hän sijs wiljalda, cuinga taas sitä wastan Babel piti häwitettämän, ja Judalaiset pelastettaman ja palajaman Jerusalemijn, nijn että hän nimittä Cuningatkin jotca piti Babelin häwittämän, erinomattain sen joca Judalaiset oli wallallens päästäwä, nimittäin Cuningas Corexen Persiast, jonga hän myös Jumalan woidelluxi cudzu, aica ennen cuin jocu Cuningan waldacunda olican Persias.
ellauri017.html on line 832: Täsä puhutan myös kyllä muiden seas niscureita cowacorwaisita syndisitä wastan, erinomaittain nijtä jotca wäärän jumalan palweluxeen ja epäjumalisuteen, Cuningoihin ja lijttoihin idzens luotit, jos se muutoin jotain olis tainnut autta. Cowakorwaiset saa jälleen kerran corwilleen ja cowaa.
ellauri017.html on line 877: Ryyppäämään ryyppäämään joka aamu sännätään. Ja kun päivä on ohi lisää kännätään. Jesaja ennustaa muutenkin paratiisimaisia oloja. Pedot syö ituja. Lejoni syö olkia nijncuin härkistä ja imewä lapsi ihastu waskikärmen läwestä. Susi ja lammas pitä yhtä ja Lejonin pitä corsia syömän nijncuin naudan, ja kärmet pitä maata syömän. Kun apina on syönyt muut eläimet, petojen on pakko ruveta vegaanixi. Kasvit haisee peloissaan ja huutaa ultraäänellä. Kukaan ei kuule.
ellauri017.html on line 909: Puuseppä otti hopiasepän tygöns, jonca tasoitti wasaralla alaisimen päällä ja sanoi: kyllä se pysy. Ja he wahwistit sen nauloilla ettei se sinne tänne huljuis.
ellauri017.html on line 929: nijncuin isoi wesi lange, nijn on Cansa carcawa, mutta hän on curittawa heitä ja heidän pitä cauwas pakeneman, ja wainoowa heitä nijncuin tomulle tapahtu wuorella tuulelda, ja nijncuin ymmyrjäiselle tapahtu tuulispääldä.
ellauri019.html on line 249: Torni seiso surkiast ja muuri on cukistettuna. Caicki ohidzekäywäiset paucuttawat käsiäns ja wiheltelewät Ankkalinnan tyttärelle. Roopen wiholliset ammottelewat suutans sinua wastan, wilistäwät sinua ja kiristäwät hambaitans: tämä on se päiwä jota me halaisim. Me saimme sen! Me olemma nijn cauwan elänet. Se HERra on tehnyt nijncuin hän oli ajatellut: hän on armottomat hucuttanut.
ellauri019.html on line 1028: The triptych by the Italian artist was presented on Monday at the league's Milan headquarters, along with an anti-racism plan which included the signing of a charter by a player representing each of the 20 Serie A clubs. Italian stadiums are the scene of recurrent racist incidents, including monkey chants aimed at black players.
ellauri019.html on line 1037: The anti-racism organization, Fare, argues that the paintings are a dehumanization of people of African descent. So it seems to them that the anti-racist campaign is essentially racist. In an email to CNN, artist Simone Fugazzotto said she was "completely shocked" by the reaction.
ellauri020.html on line 190: An only child, used to constant attention, Katrinka did not crave the spotlight so much as assume that it was naturally hers, and when she found herself in it, she accepted the position with a naturalness that was disarming. Outgoing and warm, she liked people and, in return, most people instinctively liked her.
ellauri020.html on line 212: Katrinka was not mercenary by any means, but she knew the value of money.
ellauri020.html on line 238: For Love Alone was packaged like a romance novel—compare to Judith McNaught’s Perfect, for instance—but it’s closer to the great primetime soap operas
ellauri020.html on line 239: of the 1980s. That’s probably because much of the actual writing was done by Camille Marchetta, who worked on both Dallas and Dynasty, though the only clue provided is a note at the beginning: “I would like to thank my friend Camille Marchetta for helping me to tell Katrinka’s story.”
ellauri020.html on line 247: Katrinka laughed, and like every other man, Franta [yx sybikaalisesti urhea rallikuski, Kimi Räikkösen näköinen pikkumies lippis väärinpäin] found the sound of it completely captivating. The looks of her big boobs perfectly erectile too, most likely. Didnt even register that she was 8 months pregnant. What a fairy tale.
ellauri020.html on line 301: Ivana, a Czeck immigrant, met Donald Trump in 1976 while attending a fashion show in New York, according to the New York Post. By the next year, the couple had married, and in short order had had three kids and became steady figures in the New York socialite scene. Trump had been at the bar in Maxwell’s Plum. Maxwell’s Plum is gone now, but the very name evokes the era of frantic singles underneath the Art Nouveau ceiling. It was the place where flight attendants hoped to find bankers, and models looked for dates. Donald met his model, Ivana Zelnickova, visiting from Montreal. She liked to tell the story of how she had gone skiing with Donald, pretending to be a learner like him, and then humiliated him by whizzing past him down the slopes.
ellauri020.html on line 364: Palm Beach had been Ivana Trump’s idea. Long ago, Donald had screamed at her, “I want nothing social that you aspire to. If that is what makes you happy, get another husband!” But she had no intention of doing that, for Ivana, like Donald, was living out a fantasy. She had seen that in the Trump life everything and everybody appeared to come with a price, or a marker for future use. Ivana had learned to look through Donald with glazed eyes when he said to close friends, as he had in the early years of their marriage, “I would never buy Ivana any decent jewels or pictures. Why give her negotiable assets?” She had gotten out of Eastern Europe by being tough and highly disciplined, and she had compounded her skills through her husband, the master manipulator. She had learned the lingua franca in a world where everyone seemed to be using everyone else in a relentless drive for power. How was she to know that there was another way to live? Besides, she often told her friends, however cruel Donald could be, she was very much in love with him.
ellauri020.html on line 374: Unlike his last two weddings, Donald Trump´s first marriage to Ivana in 1977 was strangely private; it´s almost impossible to find any photographic evidence of their big day on the internet. But we do know that it took place in the Marble Collegiate Church and that the New York mayor was present, per Vanity Fair.
ellauri020.html on line 376: Trump has been married three times, for those of you keeping score at home. Each of Trump´s weddings was memorable in its own way, in keeping with Trump´s penchant for the extravagant. In his 1993 nuptials at his second wedding, the caviar alone cost $60,000, a small sum compared to the $2 million tiara she borrowed; and his third marriage to Melania, in 2005, included a 200-pound wedding cake, one of the most expensive known cakes in modern history. The bride´s $100,000 Christian Dior gown was adorned with 1,500 crystals, rendering it so heavy that Melania was told to be sure to eat before the wedding, per Vogue, so she´d have the strength to wear it.
ellauri020.html on line 391: Trump spoke in a hypnotic, unending torrent of words. Often he appeared to free-associate. He referred to himself in the third person: “Trump says. . . Trump believes.” His phrases skibbled around and doubled back on themselves like fireworks in a summer sky. He reminded me of a carnival barker trying to fill his tent. “I’m more popular now than I was two months ago. There are two publics as far as I’m concerned. The real public and then there’s the New York society horseshit. The real public has always liked Donald Trump. The real public feels that Donald Trump is going through Trump-bashing. When I go out now, forget about it. I’m mobbed. It’s bedlam,” Trump told me. Donald is a believer in the big-lie theory,” his lawyer had told me. “If you say something again and again, people will believe you.” “One of my lawyers said that?” Trump said when I asked him about it. “I think if one of my lawyers said that, I’d like to know who it is, because I’d fire his ass. I’d like to find out who the scumbag is!”
ellauri020.html on line 395: Donald Trump has always viewed his father as a role model. In The Art of the Deal, he wrote, “Fred Trump was born in New Jersey in 1905. His father, who came here from Sweden . . . owned a moderately successful restaurant.” In fact, the Trump family was German and desperately poor. “At one point my mother took in stitching to keep us going,” Trump’s father told me. “For a time, my father owned a restaurant in the Klondike, but he died when I was young.” Donald’s cousin John Walter once wrote out an elaborate family tree. “We shared the same grandfather,” Walter told me, “and he was German. So what?”
ellauri020.html on line 399: For years, Ivana appeared to have studied the public behavior of the royals. Her friends now called this “Ivana’s imperial-couple syndrome,” and they teased her about it, for they knew that Ivana, like Donald, was inventing and reinventing herself all the time. When she had first come to New York, she wore elaborate helmet hairdos and bouffant satin dresses, very Hollywood; her image of rich American women probably came from the movies she had seen as a child. Ivana had now spent years passing through the fine rooms of New York, but she had never seemed to learn the real way of the truly rich, the art of understatement. Instead, she had become regal, filling her houses with the kind of ormolu found in palaces in Eastern Europe. She had taken to waving to friends with tiny hand motions, as if to conserve her energy. At her own charity receptions, she insisted that she and Donald form a receiving line, and she would stand in pinpoint heels, never sinking into the deep grass—such was her control.
ellauri020.html on line 441: Turner´s media empire began with his father´s billboard business, Turner Outdoor Advertising, which he took over in 1963 after his father´s suicide. It was worth $1 million. His purchase of an Atlanta UHF station in 1970 began the Turner Broadcasting System. CNN revolutionized news media, covering the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986 and the Persian Gulf War in 1991.
ellauri020.html on line 443: Turner´s penchant for controversial statements earned him the nicknames "The Mouth of the South" and "Captain Outrageous". He was the largest private landowner in the United States until John C. Malone surpassed him in 2011. He uses much of his land for ranches to re-popularize bison meat (for his Ted´s Montana Grill chain), amassing the largest herd in the world. He also created the environmental-themed animated series Captain Planet and the Planeteers.
ellauri020.html on line 468: We were walking through the rubble of the Commodore Hotel, which would soon reopen as the Grand Hyatt. Ivana had been given the responsibility of supervising all the decoration; she was hard at it, despite the fact that she was wearing a white wool Thierry Mugler jumpsuit and pale Dior shoes as she picked her way through the sawdust. “I told you never to leave a broom like this in a room!” she screamed at one worker. Screaming at her employees had become part of her hallmark, perhaps her way of feeling power. Later, in Atlantic City, she would become known for her obsession with cleanliness. Determined to bring glamour to Trump Castle, she became famous for her attention to appearances, once moving a pregnant waitress, desperate for big tips, off the casino floor. The woman was placed in a distant lounge and given a clown’s suit to disguise her condition.
ellauri020.html on line 561: Vaan ei "Lillan" ole liioin mikään box of chocolates, vaan en förbannad käring if ever there was one. On sillä duunia: 2 hotellia Nykissä, sen oma kotibordelli, kesämökki Ranskassa, uhkapelitalo tulossa Lontooseen, näkymättömien lasten kerho, 5 muuta charityä, kansallisoopperan ja baletin johtokunta, Reaganin kabinetti, paavin kuuria, Kekkoslovakian duuma, Akun TV-ohjelma ja Iines Ankka -lehti.
ellauri020.html on line 641: He began belittling her: “That dress is terrible.” “You’re showing too much cleavage.” “You never spend enough time with the children.” “Who would touch those plastic breasts?” Ivana told her friends that Donald had stopped sleeping with her. She blamed herself. “I think it was Donald’s master plan to get rid of Ivana in Atlantic City,” one of her assistants told me. “By then, Marla Maples was in a suite at the Trump Regency. Atlantic City was to be their playground.”
ellauri020.html on line 645: The power couple´s tabloid-worthy marriage came to a screeching halt with a bitter divorce in 1990. The reason is not exactly a shocker: Trump was having an affair.
ellauri020.html on line 646: Beginning in 1987, Trump had a widely-publicized relationship with Marla Maples, a blond model-actress from Georgia who was then 26. The two met in New York City, Newsweek reports, when Trump was throwing a party to celebration the publication of his book, The Art of the Deal. Maples began to frequent Atlantic City, and the affair dominated headlines during the late eighties.
ellauri020.html on line 648: In her new book, Raising Trump, Ivana writes about the time in December 1989 when she was confronted by Maples at a ski resort in Aspen, per AP. "This young blonde woman approached me out of the blue and said ´I´m Marla and I love your husband. Do you?´ I said ´Get lost. I love my husband.´ It was unladylike but I was in shock." Apparently it was in this moment she realized her marriage with Donald was over.
ellauri020.html on line 650: Trump alluded to his extramarital affair in a 1994 interview with ABC Primetime Live, per the New York Daily News, calling his life at the time "a bowl of cherries." He added, "The business was so great ... a beautiful girlfriend, a beautiful wife, a beautiful everything." He also muses that, if the Marla-Ivana confrontation hadn´t happened, it´s possible he would´ve continued on seeing his mistress.
ellauri020.html on line 661: Liz Smith had broken the story of the Trumps’ separation. The entire sordid history of Marla Maples and Ivana fighting on the Aspen ski slopes was all over the papers.
ellauri020.html on line 671: The Donald-Ivana relationship on the whole was oddly transactional. Trump once said of his cutthroat prenup, per Newsweek, "I would never buy Ivana any decent jewels or pictures. Why give her negotiable assets?" Ah, marriage: Such a romantic institution! Their prenup was amended a few times after this; on Christmas Eve of 1987, Trump reportedly asked her to resign an updated agreement, giving her $25 million. In the end, Ivana made out with $14 million, among other perks, after a months-long battle of divorce proceedings that reached a settlement in 1991.
ellauri020.html on line 712: Enough people went looking for similarities between the real Trump marriage and the fictional Graham marriage that it became a legal scuffle within the larger war that was the ugly Trump divorce, with Donald’s lawyers fighting to preserve a gag order keeping Ivana from talking about their marriage. For her part, Ivana insisted she wasn’t writing about her ex. She told the Los Angeles Times: “There is no way he can prove that he’s Adam because he’s not Adam and I make sure that he’s not Adam,” adding that, “And even I think I have constitutional rights of speech in America. I did not abuse them.”
ellauri020.html on line 721: However unlikely it seemed, Ivana was now considered a tabloid heroine, and her popularity seemed in inverse proportion to the fickle city’s new dislike of her husband. “Ivana is now a media goddess on par with Princess Di, Madonna, and Elizabeth Taylor,” Liz Smith reported. Months earlier, Ivana had undergone cosmetic reconstruction with a California doctor. She emerged unrecognizable to her friends and perhaps her children, as fresh and innocent of face as Heidi of Edelweiss Farms. Although she had negotiated four separate marital-property agreements over the last fourteen years, she was suing her husband for half his assets. Trump was trying to be philosophical. “When a man leaves a woman, especially when it was perceived that he has left for a piece of ass—a good one!—there are 50 percent of the population who will love the woman who was left,” he told me.
ellauri020.html on line 746: und dann muß ich wissen, was ich tu.
ellauri020.html on line 751: und wenn er weiß, was sich bei einer Dame schickt,
ellauri020.html on line 772: und als sie wußten, was sich bei einer Dame schickt,
ellauri020.html on line 788: und ich wußte nicht was ich tat.
ellauri020.html on line 793: und als er nicht wußte, was sich bei einer Dame schickt,
ellauri021.html on line 609:

Ich was ein chint so wolgetan,

ellauri021.html on line 668: 
The nox was lit by lux of Luna,

ellauri021.html on line 669: And 'twas a nox most opportuna

ellauri021.html on line 671: For nix was scattered o'er this mundus,

ellauri021.html on line 680: Quod a field was too small locum

ellauri021.html on line 686: If there was I never knew it.

ellauri021.html on line 848:     Since I wasn't born perfect like Dad or you

ellauri021.html on line 892:   Schlafly argued that the article on the Renaissance does not give sufficient credit to Christianity, that Wikipedia articles apparently prefer to use non-American spellings even though most users are American, that the article on American activities in the Philippines has a distinctly anti-American bias, and that attempts to include pro-Christian or pro-American views are removed very quickly. Schlafly also claimed that Wikipedia´s allowance of both Common Era and Anno Domini notation was anti-Christian bias.

ellauri021.html on line 943: Schlafly is a surname of German-Swiss origin. Not to be confused with Schläfli. Mild-mannered Daniel L. Schlafly Sr., vice president of a family business (bottled water), AKA Dan Schlafly, 47 in 1960, is a Roman Catholic who never attended a public school* and never sent his three children to one. Daniel L. Schafly Jr.  spent eight years in Jesuit schools, then went on to graduate work in the US and abroad. He chose history as major. As a twenty-one- year-old student, he was amazed by the result of the Soviet victory in World War II when he crossed the Berlin Wall (still under construction) from free West Berlin with its independent citizens into militarized Communist East Berlin, where everyone was dispirited, everything was shabby.  Daniel L. Jr., who supported St. Kolbe´s sainthood, became a staunch anticommunist.

ellauri021.html on line 956:   So refreshing: Trump said "we don't want to be politically correct," and criticized how long it took an officer to remove a woman who was disrupting the event. 
(Lue: Ihanaa! Turha kainoilu on menneen talven lumia, naisille öykkäröinti on taas poliittisesti korrektia. Eiku niska peffa kii, etenkin peffa.)

ellauri021.html on line 966: Thank the Second Amendment: Texas church shooting stopped in its tracks by armed" worshiper. Thank God too, and a prayer for those killed before the complete massacre was averted." 
(Lue: Jos pahat miehet tulis Matin lasten tarhaan ammuskelemaan, aseistetut isäpapat pystyis ne kyllä nitistämään, eli take them down. Vois siinä tulla alas jokunen tenavistakin, mutta siitä selvitään sitten rukouksen voimalla.)

ellauri022.html on line 368: No washing-day is sacred now;

ellauri022.html on line 394: Of precious wasted days,

ellauri022.html on line 425:   
The fable was well known in Ancient Greece; Athenaeus records that Hieronymus of Rhodes, in his Historical Notes, quoted an epigram of Sophocles against Euripides that parodied the story of Helios and Boreas.[2] It related how Sophocles had his cloak stolen by a boy to whom he had made love. Euripides joked that he had had that boy too, and it did not cost him anything. Sophocles´ reply satirises the adulteries of Euripides: "It was the Sun, and not a boy, whose heat stripped me naked; as for you, Euripides, when you were kissing someone else´s wife the North Wind screwed you. You are unwise, you who sow in another´s field, to accuse Eros of being a snatch-thief."

ellauri022.html on line 501:     	➢ What do you suppose_________was thinking inside his/her head?

ellauri022.html on line 574: Ich will etwas sagen,

ellauri022.html on line 889: On the green leaf and wish my goal was won	 Voi kunpa tää munkin retki ois jo etapissa.

ellauri022.html on line 903: I saw the Great was Smallest, and saw the Smallest Great;	   Näin suurimman pienimmässä, pienimmän suurimmassa.			 

ellauri022.html on line 924: 
	Zähle die Mandeln, zähle, was bitter war und dich wachhielt, zähl mich dazu.

ellauri023.html on line 672: Although the Greeks and Romans typically scorned Egyptian animal-headed gods as bizarre and primitive (Anubis was mockingly called "Barker" by the Greeks), Anubis was sometimes associated with Sirius in the heavens and Cerberus and Hades in the underworld. In his dialogues, Plato often has Socrates utter oaths "by the dog" (kai me ton kuna), "by the dog of Egypt", and "by the dog, the god of the Egyptians", both for emphasis and to appeal to Anubis as an arbiter of truth in the underworld.

ellauri023.html on line 726: Gaius Mucius Cordus, better known with his later cognomen Scaevola was an ancient Roman youth, possibly mythical, famous for his bravery.

ellauri023.html on line 728: In 508 BC, during the war between Rome and Clusium, the Clusian king Lars Porsena laid siege to Rome. Gaius Mucius Cordus, with the approval of the Roman Senate, sneaked into the Etruscan camp with the intent of murdering Porsena. Since it was the soldiers' pay day, there were two similarly dressed people, one of whom was the king, on a raised platform speaking to the troops. This caused Mucius to misidentify his target, and he killed Porsena's scribe by mistake. After being captured, he famously declared to Porsena: "I am Gaius Mucius, a citizen of Rome. I came

ellauri023.html on line 729: here as an enemy to kill my enemy, and I am as ready to die as I am to kill. We Romans act bravely and, when adversity strikes, we suffer bravely." He also declared that he was the first of three hundred Roman youths to volunteer for the task of assassinating Porsena at the risk of losing their own lives.

ellauri023.html on line 732:     Mucius thrust his right hand into a fire which was lit for sacrifice and held it there without giving any indication of pain, thereby earning for himself and his descendants the cognomen Scaevola, meaning "left-handed". Porsena was shocked at the youth's bravery, and dismissed him from the Etruscan camp, free to return to Rome, saying "Go back, since you do more harm to yourself than me". At the same time, the king also sent ambassadors to Rome to offer peace.

ellauri023.html on line 734: Mucius was granted farming land on the right-hand bank of the Tiber, which later became known as the Mucia Prata (Meadows of Mucus). 

ellauri024.html on line 418: The New Criticism made the literary work the center of critical attention, and denied, or at least greatly devaluated, the relevance of facts about the origin of literary works, their effects upon individual readers, and their personal, social, and political influence. Close reading is what is required of a critic, not biographical information about the author, a rundown of the state of society at the time the work was written,

ellauri024.html on line 1342: 
Looking over rubbish and wasting my time

ellauri025.html on line 104:   St. Thomas was a vocal supporter of the death penalty. This was based on the theory (found in natural moral law), that the state has not only the right, but the duty to protect its citizens from enemies, both from within, and without. Aquinas advocated the death penalty for obstinate heretics.

ellauri025.html on line 108: Thomas Aquinas' Understanding of Creation It seemed to many of Aquinas' contemporaries that there was a fundamental incompatibility between the claim of ancient science that something cannot come from nothing and the affirmation of Christian faith that God produced everything from nothing.

ellauri025.html on line 110: Toward the end of his life, he had a vision that forced him to drop his pen. Though he had experienced visions for years, this was something different. His secretary begged him to start writing again, but Aquinas replied, "I cannot. Such things have been revealed to me that what I have written seems but straw. Another prophet will come after me who is bigger yet, name of Maxim Gorki."

ellauri025.html on line 643: Lovecraft is a famous writer and bullshit artist, but also a well-known racist. Should I read his novels?Was H.P. Lovecraft ever a chill or a good guy at least even a little bit? I know his works basically put humankind to the lowest of the low, but was there even a tiny bit of good in him?What does H.P. Lovecraft mean with his phrase “That is not dead which can eternal lie, And with strange aeons even death may die” in his writing of The Nameless City? 

ellauri025.html on line 679:     Wer bin ich im goldnen September, wenn ich alles fon mir streife, was man aus mir gemacht hat? Wer, wenn die Wolken fliegen!

ellauri025.html on line 752:   Being in a band called The Disciples, taas. Nyt on jo luettava Wikipediaa. The Disciples are a dub roots reggae group that was formed in 1986 by brothers Russ D. and Lol Bell-Brown. They are said to be named by Jah Shaka after producing exclusively for Jah Shaka. They recorded 4 albums of instrumental dub for Jah Shaka's King Of The Zulu Tribe label during 1987 to 1990.  Jotain neekereitä siis. Never heard.

ellauri025.html on line 824: *The information was submitted by our reader Inez Rey. If you have a new more reliable information about net worth, earnings, please,

ellauri025.html on line 832: **We have a new information about height&weight of Monika Fagerholm. It was submitted by Frannie Jonas, 38 years old. Job: (Sign Writer, Machine).

ellauri026.html on line 227:   This is a famous line, but here it would hardly seem to merit its fame—who cares about people “arguing about how tough they are”? The word here translated as “tough” just happens to be one of the central words of Hellenic thought: arete, “virtue” or “excellence,” that subject of so many subsequent philosophy lectures—whose learnability or unlearnability Plato made the subject of inquiry, and which Aristotle defined as a mean between two vices. The word can be used to mean something like “bravery,” but it is wildly broader and richer than “how tough one is” (there is a queen named Arete in the poem, but Wilson refrains from translating her as “Queen Tough”). The line was quoted over and over again in later days because it was considered the height of happiness for a man to have a son and grandson competing with each other to possess virtue or true excellence. This Wilson suppresses, as a thing irrelevant to contemporary idiom—“toughness” will have to serve in its place.

ellauri026.html on line 274:   Kuka se Mandeville ylipäänsä oli? Bernard. Kirjoitti jonkun allegorian mehiläisistä, siis yhteiskuntafilosofiaa. Ai jaa, se oli tän terve izekkyys-meemin varsinainen isäpappa, sen miälest yhdyskunta romahtaa ellei kaikki aja siellä omaa etuaan. Asuttaisiin vaan ontossa puussa kukin tahollaan. (No se oiskin parempi kuin tää pörräävä ylitäysi pesä.) Siis iso paskiainen if ever there was one. Kapitalistimoraalin kehittäjä juuri oikeana aikana. Hemmetti että näitä meemejä sit piisaa, ei tule loppua. Kuin Kirsi Kunnaan perunat ne hyppii mun kallon kattilassa. 

ellauri026.html on line 455:   His activity took many forms; but he was always, whether through classical treatise or encyclopædic collection or satirical dialogue or direct moral appeal—always and everywhere, the preacher of righteousness. His successes were invariably along this line. His failures were caused by his incapacity to perceive at what moment the mere appeal to the moral sense was no longer adequate.

ellauri026.html on line 483:   Se oikeesti ei voi sietää Eraa. Geertiä ja sen veljeä ajetaan luostariin kuin kaksiputkiseen pyssyyn käärmeitä. Vetelämpi veli antaa perixi. Taas vikapää on Era Jefan mielestä, kun se haukuskelee viinaanmenevää veljeä. Vitut, Jefa on ihan Pekka sedän linjoilla. Sen kädet syyhyää päästä kepin kanssa Eran perälle. Jefa tietää muka paremmin kuin Era ize miten sitä kohdeltiin: "he was charmingly treated". Onx tää muka elämäkerturi? Ennemminkin joku Sevillan parturi. Turpakarvat sillä on niin vimpan päälle nypitty.

ellauri028.html on line 89:   Initially, a surviving one of his daughters, Clara Clemens, objected to its publication in March 1939, probably because of its controversial and iconoclastic views on religion, claiming it presented a "distorted" view of her father. Henry Nash Smith helped change her position in 1960. Clara explained her change of heart in 1962 saying that "Mark Twain belonged to the world" and that public opinion had become more tolerant. (Ehkä se myös tarvizi vähän pätäkkää leivän syrjäxi.) She was also influenced to release the papers by her annoyance with Soviet reports that her father's ideas were being suppressed in the United States. (Ei Laika ole ainut koira radalla. Vuosi 1962 oli Kuuban kriisi, kylmä sota kuumeni. Popovin nuhruista mutta optimistista nuoruutta.) The papers were selected, edited and sequenced for the book in 1939 by Bernard DeVoto. (Sota tuli väliin, jumala piti varmistaa voittajien puolelle. No ainahan se on voittajien puolella. Tai sit se haluu antaa opetuxen tai sillä on joku ovelampi suunnitelma mielessä.)

ellauri028.html on line 106: During his prolific period Mark wrote many minor items, most of them rejected by Howells, and read extensively in one of his favorite books, Pepys' Diary. Like many another writer Mark was captivated by Pepys' style and spirit, and “he determined,” says Albert Bigelow Paine in his 'Mark Twain, A Biography', “to try his hand on an imaginary record of conversation and court manners of a bygone day, written in the phrase of the period. The result was 'Fireside Conversation in the Time of Queen Elizabeth', or as he later called it, '1601'.

ellauri028.html on line 108:   The Rev. Joseph Twichell, Mark's most intimate friend for over forty years, was pastor of the Asylum Hill Congregational Church of Hartford, which Mark facetiously called the “Church of the Holy Speculators,” because of its wealthy parishioners. Here Mark had first met “Joe” at a social, and their meeting ripened into a glorious, life long friendship. Twichell was a man of about Mark's own age, a profound scholar, a devout Christian, “yet a man with an exuberant sense of humor, and a profound understanding of the frailties of mankind, including Mankind's Huge Cods." Sam Clemens ja pastori naureskeli kaxisteen mezässä miespaneelin valtavia turskia. Bronzed and weatherbeaten son of the West, Mark was a man's man. "Some Remarks on the Science of Onanism.” 

ellauri028.html on line 110:   “It was my duty to keep buttons on his shirts,” recalled Katy Leary, life-long housekeeper and friend in the Clemens menage, “and he'd swear something terrible if I didn't. If he found a shirt in his drawer without a button on, he'd take every single shirt out of that drawer and throw them right out of the window, rain or shine—out of the bathroom window they'd go.

ellauri028.html on line 112:   It was sometimes a wonderful and fearsome thing to watch Mr. Clemens play billiards,” relates Elizabeth Wallace. “He loved the game, and he loved to win, but he occasionally made a very bad stroke, and then the varied, picturesque, and unorthodox vocabulary, acquired in his more youthful years, was the only thing that gave him comfort. Gently, slowly, with no profane inflexions of voice, but irresistibly as though they had the headwaters of the Mississippi for their source, came this stream of unholy adjectives and choice expletives."

ellauri028.html on line 116:   One of these guarded treasures of Kaiser Wilhelm was a volume of grossly indecent verses by Voltaire, addressed to Frederick the Great. “I would blush to remember any of these stanzas except to tell Krafft-Ebing about them when I get to Vienna”, said Mark Twain. "Too much is enough."

ellauri028.html on line 184: This was Twain's most serious, philosophical and private book. He kept it locked in his desk, considered it to be his Bible, and spoke of it as such to friends when he read them passages. He had written it, rewritten it, was finally satisfied with it, but still chose not to release it until after his death. It appears in the form of a dialogue between an old man and a young man who discuss who and what mankind really is and provides a new and different way of looking at who we are and the way we live. Anyone who thinks Twain was not a brilliant philosopher should read this book. We consider ourselves as free and autonomous people, yet this book puts forth the ideas that 1) We are nothing more than machines and originate nothing - not even a single thought; 2) All conduct arises from one motive - self-satisfaction; 3) Our temperament is completely permanent and unchangeable; and 4) Man is of course a product of heredity, and our future, being fixed, is irrevocable -- which makes life completely predetermined. If these points are true, then buying and reading this book is not in your control, but simply must be done because it was meant to be. If these points are not true you might still wish to make an independent decision to enjoy a thought-provoking book by a great and legendary writer.

ellauri028.html on line 191: it was amazing

ellauri028.html on line 198: Apparently man is a selfish prick that can't think for himself and relies on "outside influences". He is a chameleon. He is nothing but a mere machine. Well, at least according to Twain. Man is a fraud and only lives for himself. He is really driving home this point that everyone is selfish and acts out of selfish needs (big surprise?), even if viewed (publicly and personally) as a self-sacrificing person. My question is; who cares? If the end result is the same, what does the actions matter. Let's say, saving a woman from a burning house. Twain says you do this out of making yourself feel good and avoiding the pain of not saving the woman, nothing else; the woman comes second to your own need of feeling good. But regardless of how it makes you feel, you still saved the woman in the end. The good is still done, even though you did it for yourself. Forget how the action was achieved. What does it matter if we refer to this as "self sacrificing" or "selfishness". Answer me this question, Twain! THE ACTION REMAINS THE SAME!!!.... I feel this must have been written during a time when everyone was going around smugly proclaiming to be self-sacrificing do-gooders and self-proclaimed religious nuts while really being shitty people; which had to be the most annoying thing ever. I guess it feels a bit outdated and I think people who naively go around claiming that they are "self-sacrificing do-gooders" are simply laughed at in our post modern times as smug assholes who need to get off their high horse (high horse? who owns a fucking horse nowadays, anyways?). I feel it is pretty accepted now that those who do good are doing them for their own selfish gains and the view of acceptance by others, at least I think this is the case. I don't know cause I don't know do-gooders, everyone I know (including myself) are dicks and more concerned with their celluar phones and creating social dating websites on the internet in vain attempts to pick up chicks only to drink alone and desperately spend several hours harassing women on social dating sites until one, out of pity, decides to respond to your 50 private messages, which then they foolishly decides to set up a date with you; only for you to be disappointed and stood up; which results in more drinking and paying a "dancer" to give you a hand job behind the goodwill on a Saturday night....

ellauri028.html on line 213: Sorry, I was apparently drunk when I wrote this, disregard everything.

ellauri028.html on line 228: I picked this book for the 'what is man' essay. Though there are many profound philosophical ideas in it, they get sidelined by the authors racial slur on indigenous natives, Australian aborigines and Afro Americans. One might argue it was the trend those days, but I can't come to terms especially after reading other books on philosophy from that era.

ellauri028.html on line 332:     "Mademoiselle from Armentières" is an English song that was particularly popular during World War I. It is also known by its ersatz French hook line, Hinky Dinky Parlez-vous (variant: Parlay voo).

ellauri028.html on line 334:   "Mademoiselle from Armentières" has roots in a tradition of older popular songs; its immediate predecessor seems to be the song "Skiboo" (or "Snapoo"), which was also popular among British soldiers of the Great War. Earlier still, the tune of the song is thought to have been popular in the French Army in the 1830s; at this time the words told of the encounter of an inn-keeper's daughter, named Mademoiselle de Bar le Duc, with two German officers. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, the tune was resurrected, and again in 1914 when the British and Allied soldiers got to know it.

ellauri028.html on line 336: The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette of December 4, 1939, reported that the historical inspiration for the song had been a young Frenchwoman named Marie Lecoq (later Marie Marceau), who worked as a waitress at the Café de la Paix in Armentières at the time of the war. Despite the obscenity of many popular versions of the song, it was reportedly quite clean in its original form.

ellauri028.html on line 338:   "Mademoiselle from Armentières" was considered a risqué song and not for 'polite company', and when sung on the radio and TV, as in The Waltons, typically only the first verse was sung. The lyrics on which this opinion is based are recorded in the Gordon "Inferno" Collection.

ellauri028.html on line 384: She never washed her underwear.

ellauri028.html on line 387: The sunofagun was never there.

ellauri028.html on line 389: Twas a hell of a war as we recall,

ellauri028.html on line 390: But still, 'twas better than no war at all.

ellauri028.html on line 396: Who washes the family underwear

ellauri028.html on line 406: And all he learned was "je t'adore".

ellauri028.html on line 753: Helen looks up and says, "Bob, what's different? It's hanging down today, it was hanging down yesterday, it'll be hanging down again tomorrow."

ellauri029.html on line 352: In the 1990s, Kahneman's research focus began to gradually shift in emphasis towards the field of "hedonic psychology". This subfield is closely related to the positive psychology movement, which was steadily gaining in popularity at the time.

ellauri029.html on line 366: Kahneman`s first wife was Ira Kahneman, an Israeli educational psychologist, with whom he had two children. His second wife was the cognitive psychologist Anne Treisman from 1978 until her death in 2018. As of 2014, they lived part-time in Berkeley, California. Kahneman has been described as a Jewish atheist.

ellauri029.html on line 914: Is Paul’s language ironic here? Absolutely. Was it hurtful? Intentionally so. Yet, because his intent was to lead the stubborn Corinthians to the truth, it can still be considered loving. In fact, Paul followed this passage with, "I do not write these things to shame you, but to admonish you as my beloved children."

ellauri029.html on line 916: The Corinthians would not have considered Paul’s language intentionally cruel. Instead, they would have recognized Paul was using rhetoric to make a point. The Corinthians felt superior to Paul, casting judgment on him. So he calls them spiritual kings and says, ironically, that God considers His apostles “scum” and “dregs.”

ellauri029.html on line 918: The passage sounds sarcastic. It says one thing while meaning another in a way that makes the hearers look foolish. But Paul’s method was not meant as a personal insult. The goal was to grab the readers’ attention and correct a false way of thinking. In other words, Paul’s words are satirical, but not sarcastic. They are spoken in love to “beloved children.”

ellauri030.html on line 743:     Who was on a trip abroad

ellauri030.html on line 905: Freud’s humoristic theory, like most of his ideas, was based on a dynamic among id, ego, and super-ego. Marx brothers like. The commanding superego likes to impede the ego from seeking pleasure for the id, or to momentarily adapt itself to the demands of reality, a mature coping method. 

ellauri030.html on line 906: Moreover, Freud (1960) followed Herbert Spencer's ideas of energy being conserved, bottled up, and then released like so much steam venting to avoid an explosion. Freud was talking about psychic or emotional energy, and this idea is now thought of as the relief theory of laughter.

ellauri030.html on line 910: An analysis of content from business-to-business advertising magazines in the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany found a high (23 percent) overall usage of humor. The highest percentage was found in the British sample at 26 percent. Of the types of humor found by McCullough and Taylor, three categories corresponded with Freud's grouping of tendentious (aggression and sexual) and non-tendentious (nonsense) wit. 20 percent of the humor were accounted for as “aggression” and “sexual.” “Nonsense” was listed at 18 percent. 

ellauri032.html on line 87:   Arminiuxen porukoilla oli samoin viisi pointtia (ei olla vielä Alex Stubbin ajassa, jolloin kanalla pysyy muistissa max kolme pointtia, Fish named Wandan gangsta  ei muistanut niinkään monta - what was the middle option?). Arminiuxen peukuttajia on sitten menetelmäuskoiset ja tavalliset (parantumattomat) kastajat.

ellauri032.html on line 220: Thomas Stearns Eliot OM (26 September 1888 - 4 January 1965) was a poet, essayist, publisher, playwright, and literary and social critic. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, to a prominent Boston Brahmin family, he moved to England in 1914 at the age of 25 and went on to settle, work and marry there. He became a British subject in 1927 at the age of 39, subsequently renouncing his American citizenship.  

ellauri032.html on line 238: 	Was T.S. Eliot gay? Questions about Eliot´s sexuality have simmered in Eliot studies for decades, coming to a full boil with the recent publication of Carole Seymour-Jones's biography of Eliot's first wife, Vivienne, which claims that the poet was a closet homosexual. Distinguished critics such as Helen Vendler and Louis Menand have rushed to Eliot´s defense, insisting either that he wasn't gay or that we shouldn't even be discussing his sexuality.

ellauri033.html on line 336: Charles-Marie-Georges Huysmans (Parijs, 5 februari 1848 – aldaar, 12 mei 1907) was een Frans auteur. Huysmans werd geboren uit een Franse moeder en een Nederlandse vader; zijn grootvader was tekenleraar aan de Militaire Academie in Breda en stamde uit een Zuid-Nederlands geslacht van schilders. Om zijn Nederlandse afkomst te onderstrepen publiceerde de auteur onder de naam Joris-Karl Huysmans.

ellauri033.html on line 1071:     Cynthia oli Sextus Propertiuxen hoito. Sextus Propertius was a Latin elegiac poet of the Augustan age. He was born around 50–45 BC in Assisium and died shortly after 15 BC. Propertius´ surviving work comprises four books of Elegies (Elegiae). He was a friend of the poets Gallus and Virgil and, with them, had as his patron Maecenas and, through Maecenas, the emperor Augustus. Although Propertius was minor in his own time compared to other Latin elegists, today he´s regarded by scholars as a major poet.

ellauri033.html on line 1073:   Emile Laure oli II maailmansodan armeijankenraali Vauclusesta, Vichy-luopio, mitäs se puuhaa Lamartinen runossa? Sori my bad, puhe on jostain toisesta Lauresta. No Vauclusessa on myös ravintola Petrarque et Laure, josta jenkkivieraat sanovat: Good food but lousy service. Koska Vauclusessa on Mont Ventoux, jolle Petrarca kipusi jollain wanderungilla:   For pleasure alone he climbed Mont Ventoux, which rises to more than six thousand feet, beyond Vaucluse. It was no great feat, of course; but he was the first recorded Alpinist of modern times, the first to climb a mountain merely for the delight of looking from its top. (Or almost the first; for in a high pasture he met an old shepherd, who said that fifty years before he had attained the summit, and had got nothing from it save toil and repentance and torn clothing.) Petrarch was dazed and stirred by the view of the Alps, the mountains around Lyons, the Rhone, the Bay of Marseilles. He took Augustine´s Confessions from his pocket and reflected that his climb was merely an allegory of aspiration toward a better life. Vanha paimen oli tyytyväinen kun joku oli vielä tyhmempi kuin se, niinkuin Roope ezimässä nelikulmaisia munia. 

ellauri033.html on line 1075:     Eleonora d´Este is best known as the beloved of Italian poet Torquato Tasso (1544-1595). In 1565, Tasso was 21 when he first met the beautiful 28-year-old Eleonora at the court of Alfonso, and he was quickly infatuated. An indiscreet remark made by one of the courtiers regarding the poet´s veneration of the princess caused Tasso to challenge the offender. The courtier, along with his three brothers, attacked Tasso, but others put an end to the duel. Alphonso, incensed by this outburst, sent Tasso away from the court, where he remained subject to the duke´s call.

ellauri034.html on line 543: In 1975 the Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe published an essay, "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad´s ´Heart of Darkness´", which provoked controversy by calling Conrad a "thoroughgoing racist". Achebe´s view was that Heart of Darkness cannot be considered a great work of art because it is "a novel which celebrates... dehumanisation, which depersonalises a portion of the human race." Referring to Conrad as a "talented, tormented man", Achebe notes that Conrad (via the protagonist, Charles Marlow) reduces and degrades Africans to "limbs", "ankles", "glistening white eyeballs", etc., while simultaneously (and fearfully) suspecting a common kinship between himself and these natives—leading Marlow to sneer the word "ugly." Achebe also cited Conrad´s description of an encounter with an African: "A certain enormous buck nigger encountered in Haiti fixed my conception of blind, furious, unreasoning rage, as manifested in the human animal to the end of my days." Achebe´s essay, a landmark in postcolonial discourse, provoked debate, and the questions it raised have been addressed in most subsequent literary criticism of Conrad.

ellauri034.html on line 545:       Achebe´s critics argue that he fails to distinguish Marlow's view from Conrad's, which results in very clumsy interpretations of the novella.  Jeffrey Meyers notes that Conrad, like his back door acquaintance Roger Casement, "was one of the first men to question the Western notion of progress, a dominant idea in Europe from the Renaissance to the Great War, to attack the hypocritical justification of colonialism and to reveal... the savage degradation of the white man in Africa."

ellauri034.html on line 547: Chinua Achebe was a Nigerian novelist, poet, and critic who is regarded as the dominant figure of modern African literature. His first novel and magnum opus, Things Fall Apart, occupies a pivotal place in African literature and remains the most widely studied, translated and read African novel. If Conrad or his novel is racist, it is only in a weak sense, since Heart of Darkness acknowledges racial distinctions "but does not suggest an essential superiority" of any group.

ellauri035.html on line 262: I know my princess was happy. I see her stand

ellauri035.html on line 266: And she was stricken deep. Her, oh die here.

ellauri035.html on line 271: Who was so strong to love me. And small men

ellauri035.html on line 336: When I was buried away down the white road.

ellauri035.html on line 341: The peach's fall, how calm she was and love worthy.

ellauri035.html on line 348: But once I found their child and she was fairer,

ellauri035.html on line 360: Tearfully valiant, when I too was taken'

ellauri035.html on line 400: You can tell me of their washings at moon-down

ellauri035.html on line 433: I mind when the red crowds were passed and it was raining

ellauri035.html on line 460: Then was the essence of her beauty spilled

ellauri035.html on line 504: The world was like a flight of birds, shadow or flame

ellauri035.html on line 506: Yet was there never one like to my woman.

ellauri036.html on line 1948: The halftime show at Super Bowl XXXVIII, which was broadcast live on February 1, 2004 from Houston, Texas on the CBS television network, is notable for a moment in which Janet Jackson's breast – adorned with a nipple shield – was exposed by Justin Timberlake to the viewing public for approximately half a second.  

ellauri036.html on line 1950: The incident was ridiculed both within the United States and abroad, with a number of commentators opining that it was a planned publicity stunt. Some American commentators viewed it as a sign of decreasing morality in American culture, while others considered the incident harmless and argued that it received undue attention and backlash. The increased regulation of broadcasting raised concerns regarding censorship and free speech in the United States.

ellauri036.html on line 1952: YouTube co-founder Jawed Karim credits the incident with leading to the creation of the video sharing website. The incident also made "Janet Jackson" the most searched person and term of 2004 and 2005. The incident broke the record for "most searched event over one day". The incident became the most watched, recorded and replayed television moment in TiVo history and "enticed an estimated 35,000 new [TiVo] subscribers to sign up". The term "wardrobe malfunction" was coined as a result of the incident, and was eventually added to the Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. 

ellauri037.html on line 363:     while he was being born a year ago,

ellauri037.html on line 364:     there was no dearth of signs on the earth and in the sky:

ellauri037.html on line 608: Physisch paßt Arthur Schopenhauer in das stereotype Bild vom ernsten Philosophen. Er war klein und schmächlig gebaut, hatte einen großen Kopf, durchdringende blaue Augen und was immer makellos angezogen. Er neigte zu intensiven Stimmungen, war ein äußerst stolzer Mann, hatte wenig Geduld mit jemandem, der es wagte, anderer Meinung zu sein als er.

ellauri037.html on line 664: Bettlägerig war, fürchtete Schopenhauer, daß die Krankheit zerstören würde, was ihm das Wertvollste war in seinen Hosen. Als er

ellauri037.html on line 728: Ruht, was die Männer mit Leichtsinn verschwenden,

ellauri037.html on line 809: Und vereinen, was ewig sich flieht.

ellauri038.html on line 61:     Dieser Ratschlag ist wahrscheinlich der bekannteste Satz von Friedrich Nietzsche, und wird von misogynen Männern, die nie ein Buch von Friedrich Nietzsche gelesen haben, gerne zitiert. Dieser Satz, der etwas anders in Nietzsches "Also sprach Zarathustra" steht, ist Rollenprosa, drückt also nicht die Meinung des Autors aus, sondern die einer Figur in einer Dichtung, hier die einer alten Frau (einem "alten Weiblein"), die Zarathustras Gedanken über Frauen lobt und am Ende ihres Treffens ihm noch den Ratschlag mit auf den Weg gibt.

ellauri038.html on line 152: I’m not saying that Nietzsche thought he was God before his breakdown. But he understood the parallel between the creator God and the creator of values. Values must be self-justifying; anything that requires an argument is vulnerable.

ellauri038.html on line 154: 	  As for why this deserves to be called philosophy, it depends on how we define the term. There were philosophers at Athens besides Socrates and Plato, who didn’t oppose philosophy to rhetoric and for whom personal authority was essential to their teaching. Nietzsche aimed to bring that back, at least in his own case – which is the only one that really mattered to him.

ellauri038.html on line 200:   Marianne Schnitger was born on 2 August 1870 in Oerlinghausen to medical doctor Eduard Schnitger and his wife, Anna Weber, daughter of a prominent Oerlinghausen businessman Karl Weber. After the death of her mother in 1873, she moved to Lemgo and was raised for the next fourteen years by her grandmother and aunt. During this time, both her father and his two brothers went mad and were institutionalized. When Marianne turned 16, Karl Weber sent her off to fashionable finishing schools in Lemgo and Hanover, from which she graduated when she was 19. After the death of her grandmother in 1889, she lived several years with her mother´s sister, Alwine, in Oerlinghausen.

ellauri038.html on line 216:   Following Max's unexpected death, Marianne withdrew from public and social life, funneling her physical and psychological resources into preparing ten volumes of her husband's writing for publication. In 1924, she received an honorary doctoral degree from the University of Heidelberg, both for her work in editing and publishing Max's work as well as for her own scholarship. Between 1923 and 1926, Weber worked on Max Weber: Ein Lebensbild ("Max Weber: A Biography"), which was published in 1926.[15] Also in 1926, she re-established her weekly salon, and entered into a phase of public speaking in which she spoke to audiences of up to 5,000. During this phase, she continued to raise Lili's children with the help of a close-knit circle of friends

ellauri039.html on line 351:     Hatsipompponen’s artistic development is threaded with a series of performance works that are inspired by autobiographical events and social issues. Benevolence evoked an inner quietness with extremely slow and repetitive motions, questioning the exponential acceleration of our contemporary lives. MISEMONO: SIDESHOW dealt with cultural stereotypes and racial issues. Ritual for RED was a re-enactment of the lost memories suffered from a severe auto accident. "My work in execution and establishment communicates both the solid fact and the ephemerality of life." 

ellauri039.html on line 379: An apparently Japanese source clarifies: The injured individual lied that she felt a similar method to get Hachiyanagi to call 911, the paper says. When captured, the educator had the injured individual’s “keys, cellphone, and glasses,” as indicated by the paper, which included that the unfortunate casualty is required to endure. Hachiyanagi at first guaranteed that she had discovered the educator harmed and was attempting to support her, which was the manner by which her garments turned out to be wicked, as per Daily Beast.

ellauri039.html on line 413: In 1636, a young girl (17 years old, named Anna Neander) was getting married to a minister, Johannes Partatius. Simon Dach, a baroque poet who was born in Memel, (1605-1659), was invited to the wedding. He fell in love with Anna Neander and wrote a poem about her: "Ännchen von Tharau." 

ellauri039.html on line 417: The original poem was written in Plattdeutsch, and was later put into Hochdeutsch by Johann Gottfied Herder in 1778. Simon Dach's works were also translated into Lithuanian.

ellauri039.html on line 419:   In 1912 a statue of Ännchen von Tharau was erected in honour of the poet, Simon Dach in Klaipeda (Memel). Rouva Burda oli 3-vuotias. It got lost (destroyed) during the war and was replaced by a bust of Hitler in 1939. Aenne täytti 30v. In 1989 members of the "Ännchen von Tharau Verein" (club), founded by "vertriebenen Memelländern", (Germans who were driven out of the Memelland) and exiled Lithuanians, erected the new statue of Ännchen von Tharau.

ellauri039.html on line 509: Americas healthcare system is still in its evolutionary stage, where as Finland provides affordable healthcare. My left ear was damaged by a doctor who refused to fix it, because we were poor, we couldn't take legal action or afford to fix my ear. I was nearly deaf in my right ear for all of my teens and twenties. When I moved to Finland, it was simple to fix and only costed me 40€ (approximately 41/42$). Compared to the estimated 12k they were going to charge me back home it was a god send.

ellauri039.html on line 511: The vegetables are vastly cheaper and better quality. Despite Virgina, and where I am from being farming land, they only farm soy, cotton, and what we called "horse corn". Here, Finland has an intense growing season that is short but plentiful. Rutabagas, Beets, Carrots, Potatoes, Tomatoes, are all vegetables I have seen locally sourced from Finland. You can get 2kg of Rutabegas for .59/kg! I was never able to find that kinda deal back home, even at farmer markets. So eating healthy is definitely easier here than it was back home.

ellauri039.html on line 768:   Edward Morgan Forster OM CH (1 January 1879 – 7 June 1970) was an English novelist, short story writer, essayist and librettist. Many of his novels examine class difference and hypocrisy, including A Room with a View (1908), Howards End (1910) and A Passage to India (1924). The last brought him his greatest success. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 16 different years.

ellauri039.html on line 770:   
Howards End is a novel by E. M. Forster, first published in 1910, about social conventions, codes of conduct and relationships in turn-of-the-century England. Howards End is considered by many to be Forster´s masterpiece. The book was conceived in June 1908 and worked on throughout the following year; it was completed in July 1910. In 1998, the Modern Library ranked Howards End 38th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.

ellauri039.html on line 774: John Galsworthy OM (/ˈɡɔːlzwɜːrði/; 14 August 1867 – 31 January 1933) was an English novelist and playwright. Notable works include The Forsyte Saga (1906–1921) and its sequels, A Modern Comedy and End of the Chapter. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1932. 

ellauri040.html on line 584:       Pan Tadeusz (full title: Master Thaddeus, or the Last Foray in Lithuania: A Nobility´s Tale of the Years 1811–1812, in Twelve Books of Verse) is an epic poem by the Polish poet, writer, translator and philosopher Adam Mickiewicz. The book, written in Polish alexandrines, was first published on 28 June 1834 in Paris. It is deemed [by whom? citation needed] the last great epic poem in European literature.

ellauri040.html on line 588: Sir Thaddeus (in Polish Pan Tadeusz, czyli ostatni zajazd na Litwie. Historia szlachecka z roku 1811 i 1812 we dwunastu księgach wierszem) is a long poem with an even longer name by Lithuanian romantic poet Adam Mickiewicz. It is regarded as a Polish national epic. It was first published in Paris in 1834. The poet was then in exile in France. Sir Thaddeus is a story of a conflict between two noble families, the Soplicas and the Horeszkos. The time is 1811 and 1812, shortly before Napoleon invaded Russia. When attacked by Russian soldiers, both families fought against the enemy. When not, they fought each other. The conflict between the families was ended with the marriage of Thaddeus Soplica and Sophia Horeszko.

ellauri040.html on line 590: Adam Mickiewicz was born in the East of the former Polish-Lithuanian state. Because of that he called Lithuania his mother-country. Eka ajattelin et ompa outoa, Puolan kansalliseepos Liettuasta, mut kelaa: onhan  Kalevalakin  Karjalan laulumailta.

ellauri041.html on line 573:     Wenn schon der Mensch, eh'er was wird 


ellauri041.html on line 644:     Schon älter war und etwas bleich, 


ellauri041.html on line 782:     so hört man draussen schon was kommen. 


ellauri041.html on line 971: 	  Wenn etwas Heiligkeit dabei.

ellauri041.html on line 1102: 	  Na, was hat denn wieder, der alte Brummer? 


ellauri041.html on line 1295: 	  Denen so etwas selten gefällt, 


ellauri041.html on line 1437: 	  so was ist mir nicht vorgekommen.

ellauri041.html on line 1616: 	  Auf einmal, so räuspert sich was und niest - 


ellauri042.html on line 78:   The dental hardware was desixgned			se jättimäiseen kitaan ja paloittelee

ellauri042.html on line 82:   He was, it's clear, a savage				Kauhea karjahdus! ja niin on tullut

ellauri042.html on line 89:   It was a sight few will forget!			Se näky ei hevin häivy mielestä!

ellauri042.html on line 98:   Little Tim was on an errand				Pikku Timo oli toimittamassa asioita

ellauri042.html on line 216: The authors of the PNAS article estimate that the mass of wild land mammals is seven times lower than it was before humans arrived (keep in mind it’s difficult to estimate the exact history of the number of animals on Earth). Similarly, marine mammals, including whales, are a fifth of the weight they used to be because we’ve hunted so many to near extinction.

ellauri042.html on line 488: This is by far the very worst movie I have ever seen. I took a chance and gave it a try at the cinema back in 2017. 5-7 persons left the cinema in anger of how bad it was. I only made this account to make this review.


ellauri042.html on line 596:       The French novelist Alphonse Daudet kept a journal of the pain he experienced from this condition which was posthumously published as La Doulou (1930) and translated into English as In the Land of Pain (2002) by Julian Barnes.

ellauri042.html on line 602:       Maupassant tried to take his own life by cutting his throat; failing even that, he was committed to the private asylum of Esprit Blanche at Passy, in Paris, where he died on 6 July 1893 from syphilis. Maupassant penned his own epitaph: "I have coveted everything and taken pleasure in nothing."      

ellauri042.html on line 644:   Part of Pope's bitter inspiration for the characters in the book come from his soured relationship with the royal court. The Princess of Wales Caroline of Ansbach, wife of George II, had supported Pope in her patronage of the arts. When she and her husband came to the throne in 1727 she had a much busier schedule and thus had less time for Pope who saw this oversight as a personal slight against him. When planning the Dunciad he based the character Dulness on Queen Caroline, as the fat, lazy and dull wife. Pope's bitterness against Caroline was a typical trait of his brilliant but unstable character. The King of the Dunces as the wife of Dulness was based on George II. Pope makes his views on the first two Georgian kings very clear in the Dunciad when he writes 'Still Dunce the second reigns like Dunce the first'. 

ellauri042.html on line 652: Pope's choice of new 'hero' for the revised Dunciad, Colley Cibber, the pioneer of sentimental drama and celebrated comic actor, was the outcome of a long public squabble that originated in 1717, when Cibber introduced jokes onstage at the expense of a poorly received farce, Three Hours After Marriage, written by Pope with John Arbuthnot and John Gay. Pope was in the audience and naturally infuriated, as was Gay, who got into a physical fight with Cibber on a subsequent visit to the theatre. Pope published a pamphlet satirising Cibber, and continued his literary assault until his death, the situation escalating following Cibber's politically motivated appointment to the post of poet laureate in 1730. 

ellauri042.html on line 657: An anecdote in "A Letter from Mr. Cibber, to Mr. Pope", published in 1742, recounts their trip to a brothel organised by Pope's own patron, who apparently intended to stage a cruel joke at the expense of the poet. Since Pope was only about 4' tall, with a hunchback, due to a childhood tubercular infection of the spine, and the prostitute specially chosen as Pope's 'treat' was the fattest and largest on the premises, the tone of the event is fairly self-apparent. Cibber describes his 'heroic' role in snatching Pope off of the prostitute's body, where he was precariously perched like a tom-tit, while Pope's patron looked on, sniggering, thereby saving English poetry. While Cibber's elevation to laureateship in 1730 had further inflamed Pope against him, there is little speculation involved in suggesting that Cibber's anecdote, with particular reference to Pope´s "little-tiny manhood", motivated the revision of hero. 

ellauri042.html on line 665: All the transports described in this section do have more or less clear organic determinants (though it was not evident to begin with, but required careful investigation to bring out). This does not detract in the least from their spiritual significance. If God, or the Devil, or the eternal order EAT! EAT! FUCK! FUCK! KILL! KILL!, was revealed to Dostoievski in seizures, why should not other organic conditions serve as 'portals' to the beyond or the unknown? In a tongue in cheek sense, this section is a study of such portals.

ellauri042.html on line 684:     In 1968, Atwood married Jim Polk, an American writer; they divorced in 1973 without issue. Maybe they ought to have bought a handmaid. She formed a relationship with fellow novelist Graeme Gibson soon afterward and moved to a farm near Alliston, Ontario, where their daughter, Eleanor Jess Atwood Gibson, was born in 1976. The family returned to Toronto in 1980. Atwood and Gibson were together until September 18, 2019, when Gibson died after suffering from dementia. She wrote about Gibson in the poem Dearly and in an accompanying essay on grief and poetry published in The Guardian in 2020. 

ellauri042.html on line 686: 5 years older Gibson was married to publisher Shirley Gibson until the early 1970s, and together they had two sons, Matt and Grae. He later began dating novelist and poet Margaret Atwood in 1973. They moved to a semi-derelict farm near Alliston, Ontario, which they set about doing up and where according to Atwood they were making "attempts at farming, writing and trying to earn enough to live". Their daughter Eleanor Jess Atwood Gibson was born there in 1976. The family returned to Toronto in 1980. Atwood and Gibson stayed together until his death in 2019. Gibsons best book was The Bedside Book of Birds (2005).

ellauri042.html on line 688: In 2017 Gibson was diagnosed with early signs of vascular dementia. He died on 18 September 2019 in London, England, where Atwood was promoting her new book, five days after having a big stroke. Atwood later said about his death that it had not been unexpected due to the vascular dementia, had been a good one—and in a good hospital, and his children had time to come and say goodbye—and that he had been "declining and he had wanted to check out before he reached any further stages of that".

ellauri042.html on line 695: Fedor M. Dostoevsky´s family had old-Lithuanian aristocratic origins. The name was derived from the Russian word dostoijny, which means dignified. What a misnomer. Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky was born on October 30th, 1821 (old Julian calendar; on November 11th, 1821 according to the Gregorian calculation) in Moscow, as the second son of Mikhail Andreevich Dostoevsky, a doctor at the hospital for the poor. 

ellauri042.html on line 699:     Maria Fyodorovna Nechayeva, his mother, was descended from a conservative Moscow merchant family. Dostoevsky was educated at home and at a private school. The family lived in a very small apartment, which his father also used as a doctor´s practice. The patriarchal and avaricious character of his father was seminal for the personal and the artistic development of Fyodor.

ellauri042.html on line 701:     In 1833, the family moved to Tula where the father bought a manor. Shortly after the death of his mother in 1837, Fyodor (16 yrs) was sent to St. Petersburg where he entered the Army Engineering College. 2 years later, in 1839, Dostoevsky´s more and more tyrannical father died, probably of apoplexy, but there were strong rumours that he was murdered by his own serfs in a quarrel. (Unless it was Fedja who dunit.)  Against the background of this legend, Sigmund Freud later interpreted the patricide in the novel “The brothers Karamazov” as showing Fedja hated his father´s guts. True, but the main thing was the epilepsy, wait and see. 

ellauri042.html on line 703:     In 1847, Dostoevsky participated in a revolutionary group around Petrashevsky. He was arrested and sentenced to death in 1849, during a reading of a radical letter. On December 22nd, 1849 he experienced mock execution while he was expecting death during some minutes quite seriously. However, the sentence was commuted to Katorga, a penal camp in Siberia. Served him right.

ellauri042.html on line 706: The doctor wrote: “1850, he had his first epileptic attack with crying, amnesia, cloniform movements, foam around his mouth, and dyspnoea with weak and rapid pulsation of the heart. This first attack lasted for 15 min. The attack was followed by common exhaustion and reachievment of consciousness. 1853, he had another attack, and meanwhile, the attacks return at every end of the month”. During his Siberian years, Dostoevsky became a devout follower of the Russian Orthodox Church and a persuaded monarchist.

ellauri042.html on line 710: Furthermore, his first wife, who was something of an impulse purchase, suffered from tuberculosis, so he had an impassionate affair with a young woman called Apollinaria Suslova on the side. It ended tragically due to his obsession with gambling. Beside of these blows he suffered from frequent epileptic seizures. At the bedside of his sick wife he wrote “Notes from Underground” (1864), a psychological study of an outsider. The work starts with a confession by the writer: “I am a sick man … I am a wicked man …” Fair enough.

ellauri042.html on line 713: He returned to St. Petersburg impecuniously and started to write his novel “Crime and Punishment” (1866), which was followed by the novel “The Gambler” (1866), an honest testimonial of Dostoevsky´s own gambling which was written within a few weeks.

ellauri042.html on line 715: On the 15th of February, 1867, Dostoevsky married Anna Grigoryevna Snitkina, his stenographer who seemed to have understood her husband´s manias and rages. Ten days later, Dostoevsky had an epileptic attack which was described in Anna Grigoryevna´s memories. Shouting, grinding teeth, kicking on the floor, saliva on the chin, the works. 

ellauri042.html on line 717: Dostoevsky´s illness influenced some peculiarities of his writing, his language and style. Dostoevsky´s bad memory was well known; he had to take notes for everything His language is nervous, tense and impulsive. His phrases are sometimes long and complicated, containing a fanciful conglomeration of colloquial words and expressions, official, journalistic and scientific terms, and slips of the tongue, foreign words, names and quotations. But now and then we can see here very short, elliptic phrases. 

ellauri042.html on line 719: Dostoevsky´s favorite word was “vdrug” (“suddenly”). A lot of events in Dostoevsky´s novels begin suddenly, without preparations and explanation – like seizures. (But he did at times have a manic aura just before.)  Dostoevsky also used frequent repetitions of the same word with different intonations. It made an impression of convulsions and shocked the literary critics. He wrote in a meticulous manner, using every empty space of a sheet (see Fig. 2). His style showed a tendency toward extensive and in some cases compulsive writing, and the writings were often concerned with moral, ethical, or religious issues. This may reflect a syndrome of interictal behavior changes that was described in temporal lobe epilepsy by Waxman and Geschwind.

ellauri042.html on line 730: There is no doubt that Dostoevsky´s writing witnesses a large awareness of and sometimes even obsession with religious, philosophical and emotional questions as well as question of guilt. Myshkin from the novel “The Idiot” shared many character traits with his creator, such as russophilia, hyperreligiosity with profound belief in the Russian-orthodox church, melancholy, auras of happiness, generalized seizures. Furthermore, Dostoevsky wrote in large letters, and his style was sometimes compulsive and abrupt.

ellauri042.html on line 804: Euclid’s fifth proposition in the first book of his Elements (that the base angles in an isosceles triangle are equal) may have been named the Bridge of Asses (Latin: Pons Asinorum) for medieval students who, clearly not destined to cross over into more abstract mathematics, had difficulty understanding the proof—or even the need for the proof. An alternative name for this famous theorem was Elefuga, which Roger Bacon, writing circa ad 1250, derived from Greek words indicating “escape from misery.” Medieval schoolboys did not usually go beyond the Bridge of Asses, which thus marked their last obstruction before liberation from the Elements. 

ellauri042.html on line 813: In the meantime Ollie had published not one but two memoirs, with an exhaustive range of anecdotes, full of enchantment and anguish, covering everything from his all-consuming childhood obsession with the properties of metals to the abuse he endured at boarding school to his feeling, amphibian-like, more at home in water than on land to his mother’s reaction when she discovered his sexual orientation. “You are an abomination,” Ollie recounted her telling him when he was 18. “I wish you had never been born.” Nor had Ollie kept anything hidden. He described his first orgasm — reached spontaneously while floating in a swimming pool — and, in deft yet fairly pornographic detail, an agonized, inadvertent climax experienced much later while giving a massage to a man who shunned Ollie’s love.

ellauri042.html on line 817: His moronic patients called him “deeply eccentric” and described him as “huge, a full beard, black leather jacket covering T-shirts riddled with holes, huge shoes, his trousers looking like they were going to slide off his body.” A friend from Sacks’s days as a medical resident remembers him as a “big, free-ranging animal” who one day “drank some blood … chasing it with milk. There was something about his need to cross taboos. Back in those days, in the early ’60s, he was heavily into drugs, downing whole handfuls of them, especially speed and LSD.” 

ellauri042.html on line 819: Olli näki sexiunia sammakkoeläimistä. Sen isoveli oli huonosti hoidettu skizofreenikko. Olli oli vitun kova narsisti. Jätti Boswellin pois autobiosta "because there just wasn´t room". 

ellauri042.html on line 832: It is recorded of Sir Herbert Oakley, the nineteenth-century Edinburgh professor of music, that once, taken to a farm, he heard a pig squeak and instantly cried "G sharp!" Someone ran to the piano, and G sharp it was. 

ellauri042.html on line 877: No man is an Iland, intire of it selfe; every man is a peece of the Continent, a part of the maine; if a Clod bee washed away by the Sea, Europe is the lesse, as well as if a Promontorie were, as well as if a Mannor of thy friends or of thine owne were; any mans death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankinde; And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee. [Donne´s original spelling and underlining]

ellauri042.html on line 937: John Donne is most commonly known for being part of the ‘metaphysical poets’, a group of poets who wrote about love and religion using complex metaphors called conceits. These poets didn’t know each other, and this name was given by literary critics some years later. Nevertheless, John Donne is considered to be one of the best metaphysical poets. John Donne converted to Anglicanism later in his life. By 1615 he became a priest because King James I ordered him to do so. Donne was a member of Parliament in 1601 and in 1614. He also spent a short time in prison because he married his wife, Anne More, without permission. They had twelve children and Anne died while extruding the XIIth.

ellauri042.html on line 939: Donne was born in London in 1571 or 1572, into a recusant Roman Catholic family when practice of that religion was illegal in England.[7] Donne was the third of six children. His father, also named John Donne, married to one Elizabeth Heywood, was of Welsh descent and a warden of the Ironmongers Company in the City of London. However, he avoided unwelcome government attention out of fear of persecution.

ellauri042.html on line 941: His father died in 1576, when Donne was four years old, leaving his mother, Elizabeth, with the responsibility of raising the children alone.[2] Heywood was also from a recusant Roman Catholic family, the daughter of John Heywood, the playwright, and sister of the Reverend Jasper Heywood, a Jesuit priest and translator.[2] She was also a great-niece of Thomas More. A few months after her husband died, Donne's mother married Dr. John Syminges, a wealthy widower with three children of his own.

ellauri042.html on line 943: Donne's style is characterised by abrupt openings and various paradoxes, ironies and dislocations. These features, along with his frequent dramatic or everyday speech rhythms, his tense syntax and his tough eloquence, were both a reaction against the smoothness of conventional Elizabethan poetry and an adaptation into English of European baroque and mannerist techniques. His early career was marked by poetry that bore immense knowledge of English society. Another important theme in Donne´s poetry is the idea of true religion, something that he spent much time considering and about which he often theorised. He wrote secular poems as well as erotic and love poems. He is particularly famous for his mastery of metaphysical conceits.

ellauri042.html on line 945: Despite his great education and poetic talents, Donne lived in poverty for several years, relying heavily on wealthy friends. He spent much of the money he inherited during and after his education on womanising, literature, pastimes, and travel. In 1601, Donne secretly married Anne More, with whom he had twelve children. In 1615 he was ordained Anglican deacon and then priest, although he did not want to take holy orders and only did so because the king ordered it. He also served as a member of Parliament in 1601 and in 1614.

ellauri042.html on line 947: During the next four years, Donne fell in love with Egerton´s niece Anne More, and they were secretly married just before Christmas in 1601, against the wishes of both Egerton and Anne's father George More, who was Lieutenant of the Tower. Upon discovery, this wedding ruined Donne's career, getting him dismissed and put in Fleet Prison, along with the Church of England priest Samuel Brooke, who married them,[13] and his brother Chistopher, who stood in in the absence of George More to give Anne away. Donne was released shortly thereafter when the marriage was proved to be valid, and he soon secured the release of the other two. Walton tells us that when Donne wrote to his wife to tell her about losing his post, he wrote after his name: John Donne, Anne Donne, Un-done.[14] It was not until 1609 that Donne was reconciled with his father-in-law and received his wife´s dowry,

ellauri042.html on line 949: After his release, Donne had to accept a retired country life in a small house in Pyrford, Surrey, owned by Anne´s cousin, Sir Francis Wooley, where they resided until the end of 1604. In spring 1605 they moved to another small house in Mitcham, London, where he scraped a meager living as a lawyer, while Anne Donne bore a new baby almost every year. Though he also worked as an assistant pamphleteer to Thomas Morton writing anti-Catholic pamphlets, Donne was in a constant state of financial insecurity.

ellauri042.html on line 951: Although King James was pleased with Donne's work, he refused to reinstate him at court and instead urged him to take holy orders. At length, Donne acceded to the king's wishes, and in 1615 was ordained priest in the Church of England. In late November and early December 1623 he suffered a nearly fatal illness, thought to be either typhus or a combination of a cold followed by a period of fever. During his convalescence he wrote a series of meditations and prayers on health, pain, and sickness that were published as a book in 1624 under the title of Devotions upon Emergent Occasions. One of these meditations, Meditation XVII, contains the well known phrases "No man is an Iland" (often modernised as "No man is an island") and "...for whom the bell tolls".

ellauri043.html on line 204:     The Mỹ Lai Massacre (/ˌmiːˈlaɪ/; Vietnamese: Thảm sát Mỹ Lai [tʰâːm ʂǎːt mǐˀ lāːj] (About this soundlisten)) was the Vietnam War mass murder of unarmed South Vietnamese civilians by U.S. troops in Sơn Tịnh District, South Vietnam, on 16 March 1968. Between 347 and 504 unarmed people were killed by U.S. Army soldiers from Company C, 1st Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment and Company B, 4th Battalion, 3rd Infantry Regiment, 11th Brigade, 23rd (Americal) Infantry Division. Victims included men, women, children, and infants. Some of the women were gang-raped and their bodies mutilated as were children as young as 12.[1][2] Twenty-six soldiers were charged with criminal offenses, but only Lieutenant William Calley Jr., a platoon leader in C Company, was convicted. Found guilty of killing 22 villagers, he was originally given a life sentence, but served only three and a half years under house arrest.

ellauri043.html on line 253: 
«Apt 10:11.  9. TOisna päiwänä/ cosca he matcas olit/ ja Caupungita lähestyit/ meni Petari ylös Salin ullackon rucoileman/ liki cuudetta hetke/ ja cuin hän isois/ tahdoi hän suurusta. 10. Cosca he hänelle walmistit/ tuli hän horroxijn:  Ja näki Taiwan auki/ ja alas tulewan tygöns yhden astian nijncuin suuren lijnaisen waatten neliculmaisen/ sidottuna/ joca alaslaskettin Taiwast maan päälle.

ellauri043.html on line 254:     12. Josa oli caickinaisia nelijalcaisia maan eläimitä ja medzillisiä/ ja matelewaisia/ ja lendäwäisiä Taiwan alla. 13. Ja yxi äni sanoi hänelle: Petari/ nouse/ tapa ja syö.  14. Petari wastais: en suingan HERra/ sillä en ole minä ikänäns syönyt mitän yhteist eli saastaista.

ellauri043.html on line 278: 
«Daniel 2. Lucu 24. SIlloin meni Daniel Ariochin tygö/ jolla Cuningalda käsky oli wijsaita Babelis hucutta/ ja sanoi hänelle näin: Älä tapa wijsaita Babelis/ waan wie minua ylös Cuningan tygö/ minä tahdon Cuningalle selityxen sanoa. 25. Arioch wei Danielin kijrust Cuningan eteen/ ja sanoi hänelle näin: yxi on löytty Judalaisten fangein seast/ joca Cuningalle sen selityxen sano taita. 26. Cuningas wastais/ ja sanoi Danielille/ joca Belsazerixi cudzuttin. Oletco sinä se/ joca minulle sen unen/ jonga minä nähnyt olen/ ja hänen selityxens ilmoitta taidat? 27. DAniel wastais Cuningan

ellauri043.html on line 279:  edes/ ja sanoi: Sitä salaust/ cuin Cuningas anoi tietä/ ei wijsat/ oppenet/ tähtein tutkiat ja noidat taida Cuningalle ilmoitta. 28. Waan Jumala taiwast/ hän taita salaiset asiat julista/ ja tiettäwäxi teki Cuningas NebucadNezarille/ mitä tulewaisis aigois tapahtuman pitä. 29. NIjn on tämä sinun unes/ ja sinun näkys/ cuin sinä macaisit. Sinä Cuningas sinun wuotesas ajattelit/ mitä tästedes tapahtuman pidäis/ ja se joca salaiset ilmoitta/ hän on sinulle osottanut/ cuinga tapahtuman pitä. 30. Nijn owat sencaltaiset salaiset asiat minulle ilmoitetut/ ei minun wijsaudeni tähden/ cuin se olis suurembi/ cuin caickein jotca eläwät. 

ellauri043.html on line 280: Waan sentähden on se minulle ilmoitettu/ että sen selitys pidäis Cuningalle tiettäwäxi tuleman/ ja sinä saisit sinun sydämes ajatuxet tietä. 31. Sinä Cuningas näit/ ja cadzo/ suuri ja corkia cuwa seisoi sinun edesäs/ ja se oli hirmuinen nähdä. 32. Sen cuwam pää oli parahimmast cullast/ mutta rinda ja käsiwarret olit hopiast/ sen wadza ja landet olit waskest. 33. Sen sääret olit raudast/ sen jalgat olit puolittain raudast/ ja puolittain sawest. 34. Sencaltaista sinä näit/ sijhenasti cuin yxi kiwi temmattin ilman käsitä/ ja löi sen cuwan jalcoin/ jotca raudast ja sawest olit/ ja murensi heidän. 35. Silloin tulit ne caicki muserretuxi/ 

ellauri043.html on line 281:  rauta/ sawi/ waski/ hopia ja culda/ ja tulit nijncuin acanat suwirijhes/ ja tuuli wei ne pois/ nijn ettei nijtä sillen taittu löyttä: mutta kiwi joca cuwa löi/ tuli suurexi wuorexi/ nijn että se coco maan täytti. 36. Tämä on se uni/ nyt me tahdomma Cuningalle sen selityxen sanoa. 37. SInä Cuningas olet Cuningasten Cuningas/ jolle Jumala taiwast waldacunnan/ woiman/ wäkewyden/ ja cunnian andanut on. 38. Ja caicki joisa ihmisen lapset asuwat/ ja eläimet kedolla/ ja linnut taiwan alla on hän sinun käsijs andanut/ ja sinulle näiden caickein päälle lainais wallan. 

ellauri043.html on line 282:  39. Sinä se cullainen pää olet/ sinun jälkes pitä yhden toisen waldacunnan tuleman/ halwembi cuin sinä. Sijtte se colmas waldacunda/ joca waskinen on/ jonga pitä caicki maacunnat hallidzeman. 40. Sen neljännen pitä cowan oleman nijncuin raudan/ sillä nijncuin rauta särke ja murenda caicki/ ja nijncuin rauta caicki ricko/ juuri nijn tämän pitä myös caicki särkemän ja murendaman. 41. Mutta ettäs näit jalgat ja warpat/ puolittain sawest ja puolittain raudast/ sen pitä jaetun waldacunnan

ellauri043.html on line 283:  oleman. Cuitengin pitä rauistuttamisest sijhen jäämän/ nijncuin sinä näit raudan olewan sawella secoitetun. 42. Ja että warpat sen jalgois/ puolittain rauta/ ja puolittain sawi oli/ sen pitä puolittain wahwan/ ja puolittain heicon waldacunnan oleman. 43. Ja ettäs näit rausecoitetun sawella/ kyllä he ihmisen siemenellä secoitetan/ mutta ei he cuitengan ripu kijnni toinen toisesans/ nijncuin ei rauta taita secoitetta sawen cansa yhten. 44. Mutta näiden waldacundain aicana on Jumala taiwasta yhden waldacunnan asettawa/ joca ei ikänäns cukisteta/ ja hänen waldacundans ei pidä toiselle Canssalle annettaman/ sen pitä caicki nämät särkemän ja hajottaman

ellauri043.html on line 284:  mutta sen pitä ijancaickisest pysymän. 45. Nijncuin sinä näit kiwen/ ilman käsitä temmatun/ joca raudan/ wasken/ sawen/ hopian ja cullan muserta. Nijn on suuri Jumala Cuningalle näyttänyt/ cuinga tästälähin tapahtuman pitä/ ja tämä on totisest se uni/ ja sen selitys on oikia. 46. NIjn langeis Cuningas NebucadNezar caswoillens/ ja cumarsi Danieli/ ja käski tehdä hänelle ruocauhria ja polttouhria.»

ellauri043.html on line 4783: 
Coucoupha est employé comme nom masculin singulier. Employé comme nom. 1. dans l'Antiquité, en Égypte, animal mythique à longue oreilles figurant sur les sceptres des souverains. Quelques mots au hasard. Lisää henkiolentoja. In old pharmacy, a cucupha or cucufa was a cap, or cover for the head, with cephalic spices quilted in it, worn for certain nervous distempers, particularly those affecting the head. Saint Cucuphas is a martyr of Spain. His feast day is 25 July but in some areas it is celebrated on 27 July to avoid conflict with the important feast day of Santiago, the patron saint of Spain. His name is said to be of Phoenician origin with the meaning of "he who jokes, he who likes to joke." 

ellauri045.html on line 288: Goethen faustinen kysymys, was die Welt am Innersten zusammenhält,


ellauri045.html on line 786: Her book Crossing was a New York Times Notable Book in 1999. Her latest books, The Bourgeois Virtues: Ethics for an Age of Commerce (2006) and Bourgeois Dignity: Why Economics Can't Explain the Modern World (2011), are parts of a four-volume "apology" for capitalism, of which she says: "I reckon this is why God put me on the planet. She thought, '"Hmm. We need an economist who is silly enough to try to unify the scientific and the humanistic sides. Oh, yeah: Deirdre.'"

ellauri046.html on line 192: He was a "very stern man, to all appearances dry and prosaic, but under his 'rustic cloak' demeanor he concealed an active imagination which not even his great age could blunt". He was also interested in philosophy and often hosted intellectuals at his home.The young Kierkegaard read the philosophy of Christian Wolff. He also preferred the comedies of Ludvig Holberg, the writings of Johann Georg Hamann, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Edward Young, and Plato.

ellauri046.html on line 347: Kierkegaard was born in 1813 to a prosperous family in Copenhagen. He seems to have suffered some sort of trauma early on, associated with his breaking-off an engagement to his beloved Regine Olsen (he never married), or perhaps because of his sternly religious father, or the fact that his mother, and all but one of his six siblings, died young.

ellauri046.html on line 351: His master-work Either/Or is odd. It uses a selection of pseudonyms to present and contrast what are supposed to be the papers of a sensual or 'aesthetic' young man called 'A' and a sternly ethical and religious judge 'B', reflecting on the meaning and value of existence, boredom, drama, luck, fate, choice and Mozart. It is considered to be the foundation of the 'Existential' way of thinking - with its concentration on the absolute necessity of choosing and inventing one's self - and was highly influential on writers like WH Auden, Jorge Luis Borges, JD Salinger and John Updike as well as, famously, the philosophers John-Paul Sartre and Friedrich Nietzsche.

ellauri046.html on line 371:     The Musical Erotic: Mozart is brilliant! Especially Don Giovanni! It was Christianity which made sensuousness important by denouncing it. Only music expresses sensuousness. It is best expressed by Mozart, in Don Giovanni, which is BRILLIANT!

ellauri046.html on line 433: This brief study argues that Kierkegaard's Journals show beyond reasonable doubt that he was homosexual. It does so because he believed that the recognition of this fact was central to the understanding of his life and thought, because he could not bring himself to say this openly even in the privacy of his own Journals, because he hoped and prayed that his "reader" would discover and reveal it after his death, because even distinguished scholars privy to his "secret" have remained silent and because, given these facts, it is surely time to open up this question.

ellauri046.html on line 435:  This very preliminary study has eight parts. The first assembles a number of entries from his Journals showing that he was homosexual and seen as such by at least some of his contemporaries. The second looks again at his relation with Regine and examines some of his own accounts of his relations with other men. The third provides other evidence of his homosexuality, particularly from his youth. The fourth briefly outlines his conceptions of and relations to Socrates, Christ and God. The fifth attempts to trace the history of his understanding of the relation of Christianity and homosexuality. The sixth repeats some of his own accounts of the homosexual origin and character of the central notions of his existentialism. The seventh presents homosexuality as his hope and agenda for future. Finally, the eighth attempts to summarize and make sense of the preceding.

ellauri046.html on line 454: Saint Veronica, also known as Berenike, was a woman from Jerusalem who lived in the 1st century AD, according to extra-biblical Christian sacred tradition. A celebrated saint in many pious Christian countries, the 17th-century Acta Sanctorum published by the Bollandists listed her feast under July 12, but the German Jesuit scholar Joseph Braun cited her commemoration in Festi Marianni on 13 January.

ellauri046.html on line 456: According to Church tradition, Veronica was moved with sympathy seeing Jesus carrying the cross to Calvary and gave him her veil so that he could wipe his forehead. Jesus accepted the offer, and when he returned the veil the image of his face was miraculously captured on it. The resulting relic became known as the Veil of Veronica.

ellauri046.html on line 460: Coma Berenices, or Berenice’s Hair, is a constellation in the northern sky. It was named after the Queen Berenice II of Egypt. The constellation is home to the North Galactic Pole.

ellauri046.html on line 462: The Greek astronomer Ptolemy considered Coma Berenices to be an asterism in the constellation Leo, representing the tuft at the end of the lion’s tail, and it was not until the 16th century that Berenice’s Hair was promoted to a constellation in its own right, on a celestial globe by the cartographer Caspar Vopel. It is the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe who is usually credited for the promotion. He included Coma Berenices among the constellations in his star catalogue of 1602.

ellauri047.html on line 80: „Er besitzt, was man Genie nennt, und eine ganz außerordentliche Einbildungskraft. Er ist in seinen Affekten heftig. Er hat eine edle Denkungsart. […] Er liebt die Kinder und kann sich mit ihnen sehr beschäftigen. Er ist bizarre und hat in seinem Betragen, seinem Äußerlichen verschiedenes, das ihn unangenehm machen könnte. Aber bei Kindern, bei Frauenzimmern und vielen andern ist er doch wohl angeschrieben. – Er tut, was ihm gefällt, ohne sich darum zu kümmern, ob es anderen gefällt, ob es Mode ist, ob es die Lebensart erlaubt. Aller Zwang ist ihm verhaßt. […] Aus den schönen Wissenschaften und Künsten hat er sein Hauptwerk gemacht oder vielmehr aus allen Wissenschaften, nur nicht denen sogenannten Brotwissenschaften.“

ellauri047.html on line 1008: There is a widespread misconception (outside German-speaking countries) that the phrase was not used correctly and actually means "I am a doughnut", referring to the Berliner doughnut. It has even been embellished into an urban legend, including equally incorrect claims about the audience laughing at this phrase.     

ellauri048.html on line 38: Denn was innen, das ist außen.		  possunpintaa luonnonsuoli.	    

ellauri048.html on line 370: Aug', mein Aug', was sinkst du nieder?		Silmä, mun simmukka, mix vajoot?

ellauri048.html on line 459:     Nicht was soll ich tun, sondern soll ich was tun. 


ellauri048.html on line 541: Parallels have been drawn between the "Lord of the Flies" and actual incident from 1965 when a group of 6 schoolboys who sailed a fishing boat from Tonga were hit by a storm and marooned on the uninhabited island of ʻAöö-ta, considered dead by their relatives in Nuku‘alofa. The group not only managed to survive for over 15 months but "had set up a small commune with food garden, hollowed-out tree trunks to store rainwater, a gymnasium with curious weights, a badminton court, chicken pens and a permanent fire, all from handiwork, an old knife blade and much determination". Dutch historian Rutger Bregman, writing about this situation said that Golding's portrayal was unrealistic. There has been no WW III yet, and kids killing other kids is entirely unheard of. Except a bunch of school killings in America and Finland, among other places.

ellauri048.html on line 738: Bellow's characterisation of his father's background is one of the most enjoyable strands of the book and an interesting companion to Saul's fiction. His father, Abraham, is characterised by his grandson as a crook and a tyrant, who despised his youngest son's literary ambitions and pummelled him – and all his sons – until Saul grabbed his hand mid-air one day and said, "I'm a married man, Pa. You cannot hit me anymore." In adulthood, on the rare occasions Bellow tried to talk to his father about his upbringing, Saul would shake him off and say rather pointedly: "You shouldn't blame your parents for your faults." Bellow smiles. "And he said this to me, a therapist no less! His father loved him, but it was a tumultuous relationship and my grandfather was mercurial as hell."

ellauri048.html on line 740: Bellow makes a distinction between "young Saul", the Marxist and rebel, and "old Saul", the famous author and increasing reactionary. Young Saul was his son's ally and encourager; old Saul was "buried under pessimism, anger, bitterness, intolerance and preoccupations with evil and with his death".

ellauri048.html on line 741: Anita worked and, while Saul tried to write, supported the family financially, something his father conveniently overlooked, Bellow says, after they split up and she had to chase him for alimony. "I was 20 before he became famous, so I did not grow up the son of a famous father. I grew up the son of a starving artist."

ellauri048.html on line 743: There followed the years of bohemia, when the family moved to Paris and Saul started to shrug off the influence of his 19th-century literary heroes and find his own voice in The Adventures of Augie March. When he was happy and the writing was going well, their lives would be joyous; when he struggled, the apartment was mired in gloom. Meanwhile, "Saul had women stashed all over town," writes his son. The pain of these recollections is secondary to Bellow's fury at what he calls his father's "self‑justification: that his career as an artist entitled him to let people down with impunity." As an adult, when he asked his mother about it, she said, "I'm blessed with a poor memory."

ellauri048.html on line 745: The taboo of spilling the beans on Saul was "very big", he says, ""ecause my father took the position that art is inviolate and that the artist has to be protected at all costs because he's an artist. Towards the end of his life, Saul asked his son rather charmingly, "Was I a man or a jerk?", which Bellow quotes in the book. "You know, he was asking himself a dead earnest question. And I think it was the right question. But if you were lionising him, you don't ask that question."

ellauri048.html on line 748: The most painful to read was Mr Sammler´s Planet, which "I find very hard to digest: Sammler approves of all the obedient children and disapproves of the rebellious ones. I was a rebellious son, that´s tough."

ellauri048.html on line 757:   Hessu oli kova kauppaamaan omia kirjojaan. Niitä osti Queen Victoria, Alfred Lord Tennyson, Prime Minister William Gladstone, Walt Whitman ja Oscar Wilde.  At the time of his death, he was one of the most successful writers in America, with an estate worth an estimated $356,000.  Olipa amerikkalainen loppukaneetti. Silti Hessu ei ollut tarpeexi amerikkahenkinen:  but he failed to capture the American spirit like his great contemporary Walt Whitman, and his work generally lacked emotional depth and imaginative power.  Se oli liian pro-Eurooppa. Löysä riimittelijä, tiivistivät myöhempien sukupolvien kriitikot ilkeästi. Orjuuden vastustajanakin Långben oli vähän puoliveteinen. Ameriikan Immi Hellen.

ellauri048.html on line 880: 
There was a little girl

ellauri048.html on line 882: There was a little girl,			Oli kerran tyttö, pieni tytön lillukka,

ellauri048.html on line 885: When she was good,				Kun hän oli kiltti, 

ellauri048.html on line 886: She was very good indeed,			hän oli ihan ihmeen kiltti. 

ellauri048.html on line 887: But when she was bad she was horrid.		Kun hän oli paha, hän oli kamala!

ellauri048.html on line 1046: All that was left of them,			Ketä nyt oli vielä jäljellä   

ellauri048.html on line 1074: Garrett Jones claims that Alfred Tennyson and Arthur Henry Hallam, whose death was the occasion for writing In Memoriam, were in some sense homosexual lovers, and that Hallam was a promiscuous homosexual whose father sent him to Cambridge, separating him from his Eton friends as a way of curtailing his son's inclinations (a curious, rather naive strategy, one might think!). For most of the book, he gives the impression that the two friends had an intense homosexual relationship that must have included physical acts. However, on p. 192 out of 199, he announces the following:

ellauri048.html on line 1106: Arthur Henry Hallam (1 February 1811 – 15 September 1833) was an English poet, best known as the subject of a major work, In Memoriam, by his close friend and fellow poet Alfred Tennyson. Hallam has been described as the jeune homme fatal (French for "doomed young man") of his generation.

ellauri048.html on line 1108: In October 1828, Hallam went up to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he met and befriended Tennyson. As Christopher Ricks observes, 'The friendship of Hallam and Tennyson was swift and deep.' Apostolin poikia.

ellauri048.html on line 1110: Hallam and Tennyson became friends in April 1829. They both entered the Chancellor's Prize Poem Competition (which Tennyson won). Both joined the Cambridge Apostles (a "private debating society"), which met every Saturday night during term to discuss, over coffee and sardines on toast (“whales”), serious questions of religion, literature and society. (Hallam read a paper on 'whether the poems of Shelley have an immoral tendency'; Tennyson was to speak on 'Ghosts', but was, according to his son's Memoir, 'too shy to deliver it' - only the Preface to the essay survives). Meetings of the Apostles were not always so intimidating: Desmond MacCarthy gave an account of Hallam and Tennyson at one meeting lying on the ground together in order to laugh less painfully, when James Spedding imitated the sun going behind a cloud and coming out again. Capital, capital. 

ellauri048.html on line 1112: During the Christmas holidays, Hallam visited Tennyson's home in Somersby, Lincolnshire; on 20 December he met and fell in love with Tennyson's eighteen-year-old sister, Emilia, who was just seven months younger than Hallam.

ellauri048.html on line 1114: Hallam spent the 1830 Easter holidays with Tennyson in Somersby and declared his love for Emilia. Hallam and Tennyson planned to publish a book of poems together: Hallam told Mrs Tennyson that he saw this "as a sort of seal of our friendship". Hallam's father, however, objected, and Hallam's Poems was privately published and printed in 1830. In the summer holidays, Tennyson and Hallam travelled to the Pyrenees (on a secret mission to take money and instructions written in invisible ink to General Torrijos who was planning a revolution against the tyranny of King Ferdinand VII of Spain). In December, Hallam again visited Somersby and became engaged to Emilia. His father forbade him to visit Somersby until he came of age at twenty-one.

ellauri048.html on line 1116: In July 1833, Hallam visited Emilia. On 3 August, he left with his father for Europe. On 13 September, they went to Vienna, with Hallam complaining of fever and chill. It was apparently a recurrence of the "ague" he had suffered earlier that year, and, although it would delay their departure to Prague, there seemed to be little cause for alarm. Quinine and a few days rest were prescribed. By Sunday 15th, Hallam felt sufficiently better to take a short walk with his father in the evening. When he returned to the hotel he ordered some sack and lay down on the sofa, talking cheerfully all the time. Leaving his son reading in front of the fire, his father went out for a further stroll. He returned to find Hallam still on the sofa, apparently asleep apart from the position of his head. All efforts to rouse him were in vain. Arthur Hallam was dead at the age of twenty-two.

ellauri048.html on line 1118: The medical report on the death certificate listed 'Schlagfluss' – that is, a stroke. A blood-vessel near the brain had suddenly burst. The autopsy declared 'a weakness of the cerebral vessels, and a want of sufficient energy in the heart.' The coffin was quickly sealed and sent to the nearest seaport, to be returned to England for burial.

ellauri048.html on line 1120: Tennyson said: "He would have been known, if he had lived, as a great man but not as a great poet; he was as near perfection as mortal man could be (except me).".

ellauri048.html on line 1146: He thinks he was not made to die;		Se luulee ettet tehnyt sitä kuolemaan;

ellauri048.html on line 1185:    Confusions of a wasted youth;		Sekakäyttäjän nuorukaisen sekoilut;

ellauri048.html on line 1208: But all he was is overworn.'			Mut ei se ollut kuin työuupunut.

ellauri048.html on line 1239:    From out waste places comes a cry,		Valtavista paikoista kuuluu kiljahdus,

ellauri048.html on line 1348:    Doors, where my heart was used to beat	Ovet joihin mun sydän tapas törmätä,

ellauri048.html on line 1758:    And think, that somewhere in the waste

ellauri048.html on line 1773:    Thro' lands where not a leaf was dumb;

ellauri048.html on line 1777: When each by turns was guide to each,

ellauri048.html on line 1782: And all we met was fair and good,

ellauri048.html on line 1783:    And all was good that Time could bring,

ellauri048.html on line 1793: And was the day of my delight

ellauri048.html on line 1798: If all was good and fair we met,

ellauri048.html on line 1814: I know that this was Life,—the track

ellauri048.html on line 1819: But this it was that made me move

ellauri048.html on line 1885: Cramer was recycling an oft-cited tale of Polish lancers who supposedly charged German tanks at the outset of World War II — making it the very epitome of blinkered futility.

ellauri048.html on line 1892: But Nazi propagandists spun this battle and other encounters with Polish cavalry — horse was a big component of the Polish army — as vindication of the Wehrmacht’s technical modernity and tactical superiority.

ellauri048.html on line 1893: Poles hate the myth because it cheapens what they actually did in the war. As war historian Ben Macintyre wrote: “The Polish contribution to Allied victory in the Second World War was extraordinary, perhaps even decisive, but for many years it was disgracefully played down, obscured by the politics of the Cold War.”

ellauri050.html on line 194:             Yet was I sore adread						silti olin huolissani siitä,			   

ellauri050.html on line 248:                 So it was done:								Tuumasta toimeen:

ellauri050.html on line 249: I in their delicate fellowship was one—					Niiden määkyvästä seurasta mä olin 1-

ellauri050.html on line 258:             With them joyed and was bereaven.					niiden mukana mä iloizin tai surin.

ellauri050.html on line 259:             I was heavy with the even,						Olin raskautettu illasta,

ellauri050.html on line 269: But not by that, by that, was eased my human smart.			Mut ei sixi, vaan sixi, mun tuska hellittänyt.

ellauri050.html on line 323: Round the half-glimpséd turrets slowly wash again.			hiljaa ympäröi taas häämöttävät tornit. 

ellauri050.html on line 406: Paramahansa Yogananda (born Mukunda Lal Ghosh; January 5, 1893 – March 7, 1952) was an Indian monk, yogi and guru who lived his last 32 years in America. He introduced millions to the teachings of meditation and Kriya Yoga through his organization Self-Realization Fellowship (SRF) / Yogoda Satsanga Society (YSS) of India. A chief disciple of the Bengali yoga guru Swami Sri Yukteswar Giri, he was sent by his lineage to spread the teachings of yoga to the West, to prove the unity between Eastern and Western religions and to preach a balance between Western material growth and Indian spirituality. His long-standing influence in the American yoga movement, and especially the yoga culture of Los Angeles, led him to be considered by yoga experts as the "Father of Yoga in the West."  Jooga on lännessä suosittu naisten jumppamuoto, kun siinä ei hypitä niin että tissit hölskyy. Venytellään vaan kissamaisesti lattialla, ei tarvi hikoilla eikä välttämättä käydä jumpan päälle edes suihkussa, jos on kiire.

ellauri050.html on line 408: Yogananda was the first major Indian teacher to settle in America, and the first prominent Indian to be hosted in the White House (by President Calvin Coolidge in 1927); his early acclaim led to him being dubbed "the 20th century's first superstar guru," by the Los Angeles Times. Arriving in Boston in 1920, he embarked on a successful transcontinental speaking tour before settling in Los Angeles in 1925. For the next two and a half decades, he gained local fame as well as expanded his influence worldwide: he created a monastic order and trained disciples, went on teaching-tours, bought properties for his organization in various California locales, and initiated thousands into Kriya Yoga. By 1952, SRF had over 100 centers in both India and the US; today, they have groups in nearly every major American city. His "plain living and high thinking" principles attracted people from all backgrounds among his followers.Valtaosa amerikkalaisista pitää enemmän high living and plain thinking - vaihtoehdosta.

ellauri050.html on line 585: das, was man war in unendlich ängstlichen Händen,			sitä mitä ennen oltiin käsissä aina niin hätäisissä,

ellauri050.html on line 589: alles, was sich bezog, so lose im Raume					kaiken merkittävän, niin kaikesta irti 

ellauri050.html on line 981: Den alles erwartet, was ihr,			jota kaikki oottaa, millä te,			

ellauri050.html on line 990: Bist, was innre Glut				Sä oot tulivesi					

ellauri050.html on line 1060: In dem Fragment Über die neuere Deutsche Literatur hatte Herder notiert: „Dithyramben, nach dem griechischen Geschmack nachgeahmt, bleiben für uns fremde. Das trunkne Sinnliche, was bei ihnen entzückte, wäre vielleicht für unsre feine und artige Welt ein Aergerniß; das Rasende in ihnen wäre uns allerdings dunkel, verworren und oft unsinnig.

ellauri050.html on line 1148: grimmig gram Allem, was blickt				kiukun kaunaisina kaikille jotka

ellauri051.html on line 358: The tendency in savages to imagine that natural objects and agencies are animated by spiritual or living essences, is perhaps illustrated by a little fact which I once noticed: my dog, a full grown and very sensible animal, was lying on the lawn during a hot and still day; but at a little distance a slight breeze occasionally moved an open parasol, which would have been wholly disregarded by the dog, had any one stood near it. As it was, every time that the parasol slightly moved, the dog growled fiercely and barked. He must, I think, have reasoned to himself in a rapid and unconscious manner, that movement without any apparent cause indicated the presence of some strange living agent, and no stranger had a right to be on his territory. (Darwin)

ellauri051.html on line 474: 
What man was Wilt?

ellauri051.html on line 584: 40 There was never any more inception than there is now,				  Ei koskaan ollut sen kummempaa alkua kuin nyt,

ellauri051.html on line 688: 127 And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the end to arrest it, Tai jos olikin niin se vei eteenpäin (muiden) elämää, eikä odottanut lopputexteihin,

ellauri051.html on line 695: 133 I pass death with the dying and birth with the new-wash'd babe, and am not contain'd  Mä vietän kuolemaa kuolevien kaa ja syntymää vastapestyn vauvan kaa, enkä mahdu hatun ja saappaitteni väliin.

ellauri051.html on line 755: 185 I saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in the far west, the bride was a	  185 Näin ansojan häät ulkoilmassa kaukana lännessä, morsian oli punainen tyttö,

ellauri051.html on line 759: 187 On a bank lounged the trapper, he was drest mostly in skins, his luxuriant beard and  187 Pankissa ansastaja oli pukeutunut enimmäkseen nahoihin, hänen rehevä parta ja kiharat suojasivat 

ellauri051.html on line 761: 188 She had long eyelashes, her head was bare, her coarse straight locks descended upon   188 Hänellä oli pitkät silmäripset, hänen päänsä oli paljas, hänen karkeat suorat kiharat 

ellauri051.html on line 772: 197 He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass'd north,			  197 Hän viipyi luonani viikkoa ennen kuin hän toipui ja lähti pohjoiseen,

ellauri051.html on line 948: 363 Have you heard that it was good to gain the day?													363 Oletko kuullut, että oli hyvä voittaa päivä?

ellauri051.html on line 1126: 535 Root of wash'd sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it shall be you!							535 Pesty makean lipun juuri! pelottava lampi-taivaaja! vartioitujen kaksoismunien pesä! se olet sinä!

ellauri051.html on line 1367: 767 Where winter wolves bark amid wastes of snow and icicled trees,											767 Siellä missä talvisudet haukkuvat lumen ja jääpuiden keskellä,

ellauri051.html on line 1377: 777 Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the whitewash'd church,											777 Tyytyväinen kalkitun kirkon kuoron sävelestä,

ellauri051.html on line 1425: 825 How he knuckled tight and gave not back an inch, and was faithful of days and faithful of nights,							825 Kuinka hän nystytti tiukasti eikä antanut senttiäkään takaisin, ja oli uskollinen päiviin ja uskollinen öihin,

ellauri051.html on line 1432: 832 I am the man, I suffer'd, I was there.														832 Minä olen mies, kärsin, olin siellä.

ellauri051.html on line 1478: 877 Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, nine times their number, was the price they took in advance,					877 Yhdeksän sataa henkeä ympäröivän vihollisen elämästä, yhdeksän kertaa heidän lukumääränsä, oli hinta, jonka he ottivat etukäteen,

ellauri051.html on line 1479: 878 Their colonel was wounded and their ammunition gone,												878 Heidän everstinsä haavoittui ja heidän ammuksensa hukassa,

ellauri051.html on line 1486: 885 The second First-day morning they were brought out in squads and massacred, it was beautiful early summer,						885 Toisena ensimmäisen päivän aamuna heidät tuotiin ulos ryhmissä ja teurastettiin, oli kaunis alkukesä,

ellauri051.html on line 1487: 886 The work commenced about five o'clock and was over by eight.											886 Työ alkoi noin kello viisi ja oli ohi kahdeksalta.

ellauri051.html on line 1502: 900 Our foe was no skulk in his ship I tell you, (said he,)												900 Vihollisemme ei ollut kallo hänen laivassaan, minä sanon teille, (hän ​​sanoi,)

ellauri051.html on line 1503: 901 His was the surly English pluck, and there is no tougher or truer, and never was, and never will be;						901 Hänen oli äreä englantilainen kynä, eikä ole olemassa kovempaa tai todenmukaisempaa, eikä ole koskaan ollut eikä tule olemaankaan;

ellauri051.html on line 1546: 943 Wheeze, cluck, swash of falling blood, short wild scream, and long, dull, tapering groan,								943 Vinkumista, kolinaa, putoavaa verta, lyhyt villi huuto ja pitkä, tylsä, kapeneva voihka,

ellauri051.html on line 1631: 1023 I heard what was said of the universe,														1023 Kuulin mitä maailmankaikkeudesta sanottiin,

ellauri051.html on line 1655: 1047 What was strewn in the amplest strewing the square rod about me, and not filling the square rod then,						1047 Mitä ylenpalttisesti levitettiin levittäen neliömäistä sauvaa ympärilleni, eikä täyttänyt sitten neliömäistä sauvaa,

ellauri051.html on line 1657: 1049 Dung and dirt more admirable than was dream'd,													1049 Lantaa ja likaa ihailtavampaa kuin oli unelmoinut,

ellauri051.html on line 1716: 1106 Accepting the Gospels, accepting him that was crucified, knowing assuredly that he is divine,							1106 Ottaa vastaan ​​evankeliumit, ottaa vastaan ​​hänet, joka ristiinnaulittiin, tietäen varmasti, että hän on jumalallinen,

ellauri051.html on line 1734: 1124 It cannot fail the young man who died and was buried,												1124 Ei voi pettää nuorta miestä, joka kuoli ja haudattiin,

ellauri051.html on line 1735: 1125 Nor the young woman who died and was put by his side,												1125 Eikä nuori nainen, joka kuoli ja joutui hänen viereensä,

ellauri051.html on line 1736: 1126 Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door, and then drew back and was never seen again,							1126 Eikä pieni lapsi, joka kurkisti ovesta sisään ja sitten vetäytyi, eikä häntä enää koskaan nähty,

ellauri051.html on line 1764: 1153 Afar down I see the huge first Nothing, I know I was even there,											1153 Kaukana alas näen valtavan ensimmäisen Ei mitään, tiedän, että olin jopa siellä,

ellauri051.html on line 1767: 1156 Long I was hugg'd close -- long and long.														1156 Kauan minua halasi lähellä -- pitkään ja pitkään.

ellauri051.html on line 1772: 1161 They sent influences to look after what was to hold me.												1161 He lähettivät vaikutteita huolehtimaan siitä, mikä piti minua.

ellauri051.html on line 1773: 1162 Before I was born out of my mother generations guided me,												1162 Ennen kuin synnyin äidistäni, sukupolvet ohjasivat minua,

ellauri051.html on line 1814: 1201 I know I have the best of time and space, and was never measured and never will be measured.							1201 Tiedän, että minulla on paras aika ja tila, eikä minua ole koskaan mitattu eikä koskaan tulla mittaamaan.

ellauri051.html on line 1842: 1229 Now I wash the gum from your eyes,															1229 Nyt pesen kumin silmistäsi,

ellauri052.html on line 58: Henderson the Rain King is a 1959 novel by Saul Bellow. The book's blend of philosophical discourse and comic adventure has helped make it one of his more popular works. It is said to be Bellow's favorite among his books. It was ranked number 21 on Modern Library's list of the 100 Best Novels in the English language.

ellauri052.html on line 66: As in all Bellow's novels, death figures prominently in Henderson the Rain King. Also, the novel manifests a few common character types that run through Bellow's literary works. One type is the Bellovian Hero, often described as a schlemiel. Eugene Henderson, in company with most of Bellow's main characters, can be given this description, in the opinion of some people, and Bellow was another one himself for sure. Another is what Bellow calls the "Reality-Instructor"; in Henderson the Rain King, King Dahfu fills this role. In Seize the Day, the instructor is played by Dr. Tamkin, while in Humboldt's Gift, Humboldt von Fleisher takes the part.

ellauri052.html on line 95: This falling away of the world then renders the interplay of thought and reflection a sterile joke, as whatever the main character finally decides, there is no outside world for his deliberations to have meaning. Bellow has little choice, in the world of raging shadows he creates, other than to step away from the quest of thought at the climactic moment, and pretend he was only kidding.

ellauri052.html on line 104: Bellow’s most merciless and eviscerating tormenter was his third wife, Susan Glassman, who defeated him in a long, acrimonious and expensive divorce suit. In 1974, after he had fraudulently misrepresented his projected income, the court, hostile to a successful Jewish intellectual, “ordered him to pay Susan $2,500 a month in alimony, backdated to 1968, plus $600 a month child support, plus lawyers’ fees.” Ignoring his own lawyer’s sound advice to settle the case, he surrendered to a self-destructive impulse, continued to appeal and deliberately prolonged his agony.

ellauri052.html on line 118: Reports of his teaching ranged from “he was a dud, all he did was read from Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis” to “his seminar was amazing, as you’d imagine.” He was most effective with students who could follow and respond to his intellectual fireworks.

ellauri052.html on line 122: Bellow punctured the pretentious, unmasked the delusions and deflated the reputations of several intellectual phonies, blackballing LeRoi Jones, Edward Said and Susan Sontag for MacArthur fellowships. He was severely condemned for his provocative but hilarious challenge: “Who is the Tolstoy of the Zulus? The Proust of the Papuans?” But no one ever answered his attack on cultural relativism and he did not apologise.

ellauri052.html on line 124: Vittu mikä kusipää. Ja tämän pyllypään bändärin miälestä Saul Bellow "was the most coruscating stylist, the most brilliant intellect, the most compassionate and great-souled writer in modern American literature." Pahinta on eze voi olla totta, tosi paha todistus Amerikan henkisestä tilasta.

ellauri052.html on line 280: The "Mrs." (used in the dedicatory letter to the poem) serves to indicate that Arabella was neither a child nor a prostitute (the two groups of females designated by the word "Miss"). She was in fact twenty-two and single at the time Lord Petre cut off a lock of her hair, the event which served as the basis for the poem.

ellauri052.html on line 319: Like other successful duos, such as Batman & Robin, Mickey & Goofy, or Laurel & Hardy, Wordsworth and Coleridge were temperamentally dissimilar. Wordsworth, reserved and thoughtful, wrote verse while plodding to and fro in the garden and, we are told, was subject to stomach trouble when revising. Coleridge was irresponsible and debt-ridden, but everywhere spoken of as a genius, if a volatile one. “I think too much for a Poet,” he said. His addiction to opium began early and was never conquered. In time, it became his only regular habit. 

ellauri052.html on line 331:     ... But Jacob Böhme was wrong, the outer is not the inner visible."

ellauri052.html on line 352:  If you haven't been introduced to Desperate Ambrose, Old Timer, Willie and Pop Wimpus you've been missing a lot of good, clean American humor. C. M. Payne has found the real underlying humor in home life and brings it to you in this favorite of comic strip readers everywhere. "S'Motter Pop". Charles M. Payne (1873–1964) was an American cartoonist best known for his popular long-running comic strip S'Matter, Pop?[2]. He signed his work C. M. Payne and also adopted the nickname Popsy. In 1964, Payne died in poverty.

ellauri052.html on line 433: Im Zuge der philosophischen Wirkungsgeschichte Nietzsches war für Martin Heidegger der „Wille zur Macht“ Nietzsches Antwort auf die metaphysische Frage nach dem Grund alles Seienden. So was.

ellauri052.html on line 486: Baron Corvo eli Fred Rolfe oli joku seikkailija, homo ennen kaikkea. "My preference was for the 16, 17, 18 and large." Le Corbusier oli homo. Ei sunkaan nää ole kaikki homoja? ml Monet ja Matisse? Sale takuulla oli, ja sen kamu Pierre. Sekin kuzu izeään Prosperoxi niinkuin Puovo Huovikko. Shakespearen Myrsky, sen viimeinen näytelmä, on homoeroottinen, missä vallastasyösty herttua-taikuri junailee enkeli Arielin ja piru Calibanin kaa. Ei kai Paavokin... ei nyt menee jo vainoharhasexi. Mut silti vittu (tai pikemminkin pisinappula), heti perään Salella tulee homotriangeli jossa kaikki kalpenee ja/tai punastuu: Sale, mafioso ja Pierre. Ja TS Eliot taas mainitaan. Kirjailijat immersoituu toisiinsa ja vehkeet sykkii sinipunasina. Ihan mahotonta menoa. Kaikki haukkuu Salea ja syystä, se tuntee izensä pyhäxi Sebastianixi.

ellauri052.html on line 558:     By 1907, a split between Steiner and the Theosophical Society became apparent. While the Society was oriented toward an Eastern and especially Indian approach, Steiner was trying to develop a path that embraced Christianity and natural science.

ellauri052.html on line 570: Steiner's continuing differences with Besant led him to separate from the Theosophical Society in Adyar. He was subsequently followed by the great majority of the Theosophical Society's German members, as well as many members of other national sections. (Minäs vuonna tää nyt olikaan?)

ellauri052.html on line 588: Antroposofit on tosi siveitä, sip sip, söp söp. Bylsikö Rudi koskaan ketään? He refrained from sex. But he was a man on another level, sanoo joku uskovainen. Toinen sanoo: Steiner said very little about sexuality (just as he never explained to anthroposophists how to screw in a light bulb, which is why there is no answer to the question of: "How many anthroposophists does it take to screw in a lightbulb?"). 

ellauri052.html on line 597:     He was a man who convinced and hypnotized not only others but himself. He seemed to possess a number of characters which he changed like masks as the need arose, now he was a benevolent pastor … now a magician holding sway over human souls … His sole purpose and aspiration was to obtain possession of all things from below, by his own titanic devices, and to break through by a passionate effort to the realm of the spirit… He may have possessed oratorical gifts, but he lacked the true gift and feeling for words. His speech was a kind of magical act, aimed at obtaining control over his hearers by means of gestures, by raising and lowering his voice, and by changes in the expression of his face. He hypnotized his disciples, some of whom even fell asleep.

ellauri052.html on line 626:     Teosofi Charles Leadbeater näki Krishnamurtin rannalla Adyarissa keväällä 1909. Hän väitti nähneensä Krishnamurtilla hienomman auran kuin kenelläkään aikaisemmin ja vakuuttui siitä, että Krishnamurti oli hänen etsimänsä inkarnaatio. Yli puolen jalan aura uimahousuissa oli Jiddu-pojalla. Krishnamurti otettiin veljensä Nityan kanssa asumaan seuran tiloihin, ja Leadbeater alkoi antaa hänelle "yksityisopetusta". Jiddo's father lost a lawsuit trying to regain custody of his son. His Lawsuit accused Leadbeater, who was probably gay, of having had sexual relations with Jiddo.

ellauri052.html on line 652: It was not just Bohm who fell under the sway of Krishnamurti's charisma. He strongly influenced such writers as Joseph Campbell, the poet Robinson Jeffers, Henry Miller, Aldous Huxley, and Alan Watts who churned out popular books about Zen Buddhism. George Bernard Shaw once called young Krishnamurti "the most beautiful human being" he ever saw. Cabinet faggot. After visiting Krishnamurti's castle in Holland, Campbell wrote in a letter: "I can scarcely think of anything but the wisdom-and-beauty-of-my friend." In another letter he said, "Every time I talk with Krishna, something new amazes me."

ellauri052.html on line 654: There were two Krishnamurtis. One was the persona presented to the world through lectures and books; a man without ego who led a sanctified life of celibacy and high moral purity. The other Krishnamurti was a shadowy, self-centered, vain man, capable of sudden angers and enormous cruelty to friends. He was also a habitual liar. Krishna, as his friends called him, freely admitted his compulsive lying. He blamed it on simple fear of having his deceptions detected.

ellauri052.html on line 656: After learning about Krishnamurti's secret love affair with his best friend's wife, Bohm felt betrayed. Perhaps this plunged him into his third and final deep depression. Hospitalized, suffering from paranoia and thoughts of suicide, Bohm underwent fourteen episodes of shock therapy before he recovered sufficiently to leave the mental hospital. Earlier triple bypass surgery on his heart had been successful, but his death in 1991, at age 75, was from a massive heart attack. Krishnamurti had died six years earlier, at his home in Ojai, of pancreatic cancer. His body was cremated.

ellauri052.html on line 676: T.E. was born out of wedlock in August 1888 to Sarah Junner, a governess, and Thomas Chapman, an Anglo-Irish nobleman. Chapman left his wife and family in Ireland to cohabit with Junner. Chapman and Junner called themselves Mr and Mrs Lawrence, the surname of Sarah's likely father; her mother had been employed as a servant for a Lawrence family when she became pregnant with Sarah.

ellauri052.html on line 681: 
 E.M. Forster was homosexual (openly to his close friends, but not to the public) and a lifelong bachelor. Se tykkäs tosi paljon D.H. Lawrencen homoeroottisista skeneistä. 

ellauri052.html on line 692: I left myself quite limply in his hands, and, to get a better grip of me, he put his arm round me and pressed me against him, and the sweetnesS of the touch of our naked bodies one against the other was superb. It satistied in some measure the vague indecipherable yearning of my soul; and it was the same with him. When he had rubbed me all warm, he let me go, and we lo0ked at each other with eyes of

ellauri052.html on line 693: still laughter, and our love was pertect tor a moment, more pertect than any love I have known since, for either man or woman. The very echo of David's lament for Jonathan in 2 Samuel 1: 26 ('thy to me was wonderful, passing the love of women.)

ellauri052.html on line 695:  `I used to do some Japanese wrestling,' said Birkin. `A Jap lived in the same house with me in Heidelberg, and he taught me a little. But I was never much good at it.'

ellauri052.html on line 718: `You did! What was he like then, as a wrestler?'

ellauri052.html on line 720: Good, I believe. I am no judge. He was very quick and slippery and full of electric fire. It is a remarkable thing, what a curious sort of fluid force they seem to have in them, those people not like a human grip -- like a polyp -- 

ellauri052.html on line 741: Gerald fastened the door and pushed the furniture aside. The room was large, there was plenty of space, it was thickly carpeted. Then he quickly threw off his clothes, and waited for Birkin. The latter, white and thin, came over to him. Birkin was more a presence than a visible object, Gerald was aware of him completely, but not really visually. Whereas Gerald himself was concrete and noticeable, a piece of pure final substance.

ellauri052.html on line 747: So the two men began to struggle together. They were very dissimilar. Birkin was tall and narrow, his bones were very thin and fine. Gerald was much heavier and more plastic. His bones were strong and round, his limbs were rounded, all his contours were beautifully and fully moulded. He seemed to stand with a proper, rich weight on the face of the earth, whilst Birkin seemed to have the centre of gravitation in his own middle. And Gerald had a rich, frictional kind of strength, rather mechanical, but sudden and invincible, whereas Birkin was abstract as to be almost intangible. He impinged invisibly upon the other man, scarcely seeming to touch him, like a garment, and then suddenly piercing in a tense fine grip that seemed to penetrate into the very quick of Gerald´s being.

ellauri052.html on line 751: So the two men entwined and wrestled with each other, working nearer and nearer. Both were white and clear, but Gerald flushed smart red where he was touched, and Birkin remained white and tense. He seemed to penetrate into Gerald´s more solid, more diffuse bulk, to interfuse his body through the body of the other, as if to bring it subtly into subjection, always seizing with some rapid necromantic fore-knowledge every motion of the other flesh, converting and counteracting it, playing upon the limbs and trunk of Gerald like some hard wind. It was as if Birkin´s whole physical intelligence interpenetrated into Gerald´s body, as if his fine, sublimated energy entered into the flesh of the fuller man, like some potency, casting a fine net, a prison, through the muscles into the very depths of Gerald´s physical being.

ellauri052.html on line 753: So they wrestled swiftly, rapturously, intent and mindless at last, two essential white figures working into a tighter closer oneness of struggle, with a strange, octopus-like knotting and flashing of limbs in the subdued light of the room; a tense white knot of flesh gripped in silence between the walls of old brown books. Now and again came a sharp gasp of breath, or a sound like a sigh, then the rapid thudding of movement on the thickly-carpeted floor, then the strange sound of flesh escaping under flesh. Often, in the white interlaced knot of violent living being that swayed silently, there was no head to be seen, only the swift, tight limbs, the solid white backs, the physical junction of two bodies clinched into oneness. Then would appear the gleaming, ruffled head of Gerald, as the struggle changed, then for a moment the dun-coloured, shadow- like head of the other man would lift up from the conflict, the eyes wide and dreadful and sightless.

ellauri052.html on line 755: At length Gerald lay back inert on the carpet, his breast rising in great slow panting, whilst Birkin kneeled over him, almost unconscious. Birkin was much more exhausted. He caught little, short breaths, he could scarcely breathe any more. The earth seemed to tilt and sway, and a complete darkness was coming over his mind. He did not know what happened. He slid forward quite unconscious, over Gerald, and Gerald did not notice. Then he was half-conscious again, aware only of the strange tilting and sliding of the world. The world was sliding, everything was sliding off into the darkness. And he was sliding, endlessly, endlessly away.

ellauri052.html on line 757: He came to consciousness again, hearing an immense knocking outside. What could be happening, what was it, the great hammer-stroke resounding through the house? He did not know. And then it came to him that it was his own heart beating. But that seemed impossible, the noise was outside. No, it was inside himself, it was his own heart. And the beating was painful, so strained, surcharged. He wondered if Gerald heard it. He did not know whether he were standing or lying or falling.

ellauri052.html on line 759: When he realised that he had fallen prostrate upon Gerald´s body he wondered, he was surprised. But he sat up, steadying himself with his hand and waiting for his heart to become stiller and less painful. It hurt very much, and took away his consciousness.

ellauri052.html on line 761: Gerald however was still less conscious than Birkin. They waited dimly, in a sort of not-being, for many uncounted, unknown minutes.

ellauri052.html on line 765: Birkin heard the sound as if his own spirit stood behind him, outside him, and listened to it. His body was in a trance of exhaustion, his spirit heard thinly. His body could not answer. Only he knew his heart was getting quieter. He was divided entirely between his spirit, which stood outside, and knew, and his body, that was a plunging, unconscious stroke of blood.

ellauri052.html on line 777: He still heard as if it were his own disembodied spirit hearing, standing at some distance behind him. It drew nearer however, his spirit. And the violent striking of blood in his chest was sinking quieter, allowing his mind to come back. He realised that he was leaning with all his weight on the soft body of the other man. It startled him, because he thought he had withdrawn. He recovered himself, and sat up. But he was still vague and unestablished. He put out his hand to steady himself. It touched the hand of Gerald, that was lying out on the floor. And Gerald's hand closed warm and sudden over Birkin's, they remained exhausted and breathless, the one hand clasped closely over the other. It was Birkin whose hand, in swift response, had closed in a strong, warm clasp over the hand of the other. Gerald´s clasp had been sudden and momentaneous.

ellauri052.html on line 779: The normal consciousness however was returning, ebbing back. Birkin could breathe almost naturally again. Gerald´s hand slowly withdrew, Birkin slowly, dazedly rose to his feet and went towards the table. He poured out a whiskey and soda. Gerald also came for a drink.

ellauri052.html on line 781: `It was a real set-to, wasn´t it?' said Birkin, looking at Gerald with darkened eyes.

ellauri052.html on line 783: `God, yes,' said Gerald. He looked at the delicate body of the other man, and added: `It wasn't too much for you, was it?'

ellauri052.html on line 832: `It was a caftan in Bokhara,' said Gerald. `I like it.'

ellauri052.html on line 836: Birkin was silent, thinking how scrupulous Gerald was in his attire, how expensive too. He wore silk socks, and studs of fine workmanship, and silk underclothing, and silk braces. Curious! This was another of the differences between them. Birkin was careless and unimaginative about his own appearance.

ellauri052.html on line 840: Birkin laughed. He was looking at the handsome figure of the other man, blond and comely in the rich robe, and he was half thinking of the difference between it and himself -- so different; as far, perhaps, apart as man from woman, yet in another direction. But really it was Ursula, it was the woman who was gaining ascendance over Birkin´s being, at this moment. Gerald was becoming limp again, lapsing out of him.

ellauri052.html on line 867: Reports of his teaching ranged from “he was a dud, all he did was read from Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis” to “his seminar was amazing, as you’d imagine.” He was most effective with students who could follow and respond to his intellectual fireworks. Eskimeininkiä.

ellauri052.html on line 870: Bellow punctured the pretentious, unmasked the delusions and deflated the reputations of several intellectual phonies, blackballing LeRoi Jones, Edward Said and Susan Sontag for MacArthur fellowships. He was severely condemned for his provocative but hilarious challenge: “Who is the Tolstoy of the Zulus? The Proust of the Papuans?” But no one ever answered his attack on cultural relativism and he did not apologise

ellauri052.html on line 874: Vittu mikä kusipää. Ja yhen pyllypään bändärin miälestä Saul Bellow "was the most coruscating stylist, the most brilliant intellect, the most compassionate and great-souled writer in modern American literature." Pahinta on eze voi olla totta, tosi paha todistus Amerikan henkisestä tilasta.

ellauri052.html on line 878: Muu maailma on kaikki "those terrorists". Treatening our legitimate vital interests everywhere. The last time I troubled to read the newspaper I noted that an oil company, after paying a ransom of $10M, was still unable to obtain the release of one of its executives from his Argentine kidnappers. C'est beaucoup d'argent pour un Americain. The flabbiness of the U.S.A. is disheartening. We are setting the world a miserable example by allowing ourselves to be bullied.

ellauri052.html on line 931: Oddly, Greg expresses frustration with a father “whose deepest desire was to keep his thoughts and his feelings strictly to himself,” as if Bellow did not spend nearly 70 years sharing those thoughts and feelings with millions of readers.

ellauri052.html on line 939: Greg had made a career out of his own childhood misery—a nasty dig given that Saul was as much the author of that misery as he was of his novels. Greg noted, with shrugging disapproval, that his father “felt a duty of truth to his readers that was stronger than to his family,” but indicated he still didn’t understand or accept this about his father. Perhaps he can’t be expected to. “All significant human business is transacted inside,” was Saul’s lesson to Greg, who doesn’t seem to have forgiven his father for it being true.

ellauri052.html on line 943: It may be helpful to note here that Bellow’s fame, already growing after The Adventures of Augie March, exploded after the publication of Herzog in 1964—the same year Daniel, his youngest son, was born. By the time the newly rich writer, urged by his third wife, moved into a fancy co-op on Lake Michigan, Greg already possessed enough of what he thought were his own opinions to dislike the white plush carpets, the 11 rooms “filled with fancy furniture and modern art.” Reminding the reader he was “raised by a frugal mother and a father who had no steady income,” Greg says that he “found the trappings of wealth in their new apartment so repellent that I complained bitterly to Saul,” who replied that he didn’t care about the new shiny things so long as he could still write—which he could. “As I always had, I accepted what he said about art at face value,” Greg admits, but he stopped visiting the new place. After the marriage deteriorated and Saul moved out, 3-year-old Daniel, in the words of ex-child-therapist Greg, “took to expressing his distress” by peeing on the carpets. “I have to admit that the yellow stains on them greatly pleased me,” Greg writes—for once showing off the Bellovian touch.

ellauri052.html on line 949: Only his last wife, Janis Freedman, who was 43 years younger, redeemed his marital failures and fulfilled his expectations. Plain and pliant, Canadian, Jewish and well-educated, she devoted her life to Bellow. She became his amanuensis, household major domo, surrogate parent, guardian of the flame and mother of his child when the biblical patriarch was 84. Hiljaiset ja halukkaat, ketterät ja kurvikkaat, sellaiset me haluaisimme. Jasu ja Jörkka yxissä kansissa.

ellauri052.html on line 950: Leader did not interview their daughter, Rosie, who was autistic, and does not include her photograph after infancy.

ellauri052.html on line 953: Bellow’s portrait of the Romantic author was self-reflective: “The artist is a spurned and misunderstood genius whose sensitivity separates him from and elevates him above the rest of philistine humanity.”

ellauri052.html on line 957: Bellow was accused of being a “lousy” sexual performer, but was more convincingly called a passionate and virile lover. He even had a fling with his black cleaning lady, “about twice as tall as he was, and well built.” No hemmetti, kysyttiinkö siivoojalta miten mini Sale pärjäsi. Tais heiluttaa patonkia porttikonkissa.

ellauri052.html on line 959: During an awkward sexual encounter with Harriet Wasserman, she remembered “asking him for permission, as if it were a museum objet d’art, ‘Can I touch this?’” Many of his mistresses remained in love and in touch with him. Scott Fitzgerald said that Hemingway “needed a new woman for each big book”; Bellow lost a woman with each big book. He spilled sperm as he spilled ink, and sex both interfered with and inspired his writing. Bellow created and lived on turbulence, thrived on chaos, courted conflict and was inspired by personal cataclysm. He reported that one lover (mies vai nainen?) “caused me grandes dificultades in England and in the south, but I finished Sammler just the same.” The bearers of erogenous zones (either sex) made him feel younger, “it was a way of avoiding the Angel of Death,” and he cherished their provocative bitchiness. Bellow’s emotional upheavals — his guilt and remorse, multitudinous failings and need for self-condemnation — made him beat his breast at his private Wailing Wall. Se oli kuin kunkku David jolle tuotiin neitosia pyllynlämmittimixi.

ellauri052.html on line 965: Bellow's wives were Anita Goshkin, Alexandra (Sondra) Tsachacbasov, Susan Glassman, Alexandra Ionescu Tulcea, and Janis Freedman. In 2000, when he was 84, Bellow had his fourth child and first daughter, with Freedman.  Goshkin elätti sitä tunarointivuosina. Sen se dumppas kun alko tulla rahaa. Se oli kuin se Jasun ykkönen.

ellauri052.html on line 968: Bellow’s most merciless and eviscerating tormenter was his third wife, Susan Glassman, who defeated him in a long, acrimonious and expensive divorce suit. In 1974, after he had fraudulently misrepresented his projected income, the court, hostile to a successful Jewish intellectual, “ordered him to pay Susan $2,500 a month in alimony, backdated to 1968, plus $600 a month child support, plus lawyers’ fees.” Ignoring his own lawyer’s sound advice to settle the case, he surrendered to a self-destructive impulse, continued to appeal and deliberately prolonged his agony.

ellauri052.html on line 970: The rap against Bellow is that he maligned four of his five wives, especially in his fiction. This is true, and Leader is savvy enough not to take Bellow’s word about them. Wife No. 1, Anita, is shown as the underappreciated mainstay she obviously was. As for wife No. 2, Sondra Tschacbasov Bellow (Bellow called her Sasha), the model for the evil Madeleine, Leader has a scoop: an unpublished memoir shared with him after Bellow’s death. By her own account, Sasha was a vulnerable child-woman lacking basic life skills. From childhood and into her teens, she says, she was the victim of incest committed by her father. When Bellow took up with her, he was 37 and she was 21, a Bennington graduate and a secretary at the Partisan Review. His friends treated her with a sniggering sexism unfortunately unremarkable in the 1950s. At a party Bellow took her to, the critic R. W. B. Lewis, her former professor, drunkenly demanded to

ellauri052.html on line 971: know whether she was sleeping with Bellow yet; “they were all placing bets.” She started an affair with Bellow’s friend Jack Ludwig (the prototype for Gersbach in Herzog) only after she learned of her husband’s many infidelities.

ellauri052.html on line 978: The most important person in Bellow’s life—Maury, his oldest brother. As Leader shows, Maury was both the driving force in Bellow’s Americanization and a major presence in his work. Parents and wives came and went, but Maury remained: Simon in Augie March, Shura in Herzog, Julius in Humboldt’s Gift. As peremptory and violent as their father but more competent, Maury epitomized the cult of power and material success that both fascinated and repelled Bellow. “I recognized in him the day-to-day genius of the U.S.A.,” Bellow said in an interview with Philip Roth. In the same conversation, Roth observed that Maury’s reckless, angry spirit was “the household deity of Augie March.” By the time Maury finished law school, he had already started collecting graft for a corrupt Illinois state representative, skimming off the top for himself and his mother. A charismatic ladies’ man with an illegitimate son, Maury was “very proud of his extraordinary group of connections, his cynicism, his insiderhood,” Bellow told Roth. Maury was disdainful of his brother’s nonremunerative choice of profession, which he considered luftmenschlich—frivolous, impractical.

ellauri052.html on line 980: The rivalry between the brothers may have been even more extreme in life than it was in art. When Bellow won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1976, his brother refused to come to Stockholm for the ceremony. Maury’s grandson reconstructed his thinking as follows: “How dare Saul win the Nobel Prize when I’m really the smart one, I’m the one.”

ellauri052.html on line 991: Muu maailma on kaikki "those terrorists". Treatening our legitimate vital interests everywhere. The last time I troubled to read the newspaper I noted that an oil company, after paying a ransom of $10M, was still unable to obtain the release of one of its executives from his Argentine kidnappers. C'est beaucoup d'argent pour un Americain. The flabbiness of the U.S.A. is disheartening. We are setting the world a miserable example by allowing ourselves to be bullied.

ellauri053.html on line 131: A more scientifically oriented philosophy of change than Bergon's was developed between the wars by A. N. Whitehead particularly in his book Process and Reality.

ellauri053.html on line 138: One of Sainte-Beuve's critical contentions was that, in order to understand an artist and his work, it was necessary to understand that artist's biography. Marcel Proust took issue with this notion and repudiated it in a set of essays, Contre Sainte-Beuve ("Against Sainte-Beuve"). Proust developed the ideas first voiced in those essays in À la recherche du temps perdu (In Search of Lost Time).

ellauri053.html on line 535: The Language of Criticism was originally Casey's doctoral thesis. Casey argued that critical judgement is objective because critical arguments are rational. They are rational due to considerations which, though they are not necessarily judgements of value, "criteriologically" imply them. For example, if a poem is sentimental "criteriologically" this implies that it is immature.

ellauri053.html on line 697: Herbert Spencer (27 April 1820 – 8 December 1903) was an English philosopher, biologist, anthropologist, and sociologist famous for his hypothesis of social Darwinism whereby superior physical force shapes history. Spencer originated the expression "survival of the fittest", which he coined in Principles of Biology (1864) after reading Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species. The term strongly suggests natural selection, yet Spencer saw evolution as extending into realms of sociology and ethics, so he also supported Lamarckism.

ellauri053.html on line 699: Spencer developed an all-embracing conception of evolution as the progressive development of the physical world, biological organisms, the human mind, and human culture and societies. As a polymath, he contributed to a wide range of subjects, including ethics, religion, anthropology, economics, political theory, philosophy, literature, astronomy, biology, sociology, and psychology. During his lifetime he achieved tremendous authority, mainly in English-speaking academia. "The only other English philosopher to have achieved anything like such widespread popularity was Bertrand Russell, and that was in the 20th century." Spencer was "the single most famous European intellectual in the closing decades of the nineteenth century" but his influence declined sharply after 1900: "Who now reads Spencer?" asked Talcott Parsons in 1937.

ellauri053.html on line 701: Herbert Spencer (1820​–1903) is typically, and by rights, considered a coarse social Darwinist. Herbert Spencer was an English philosopher, biologist, anthropologist, and sociologist known for his infamous theory of social Darwinism throughout contemporary history.

ellauri053.html on line 711: Spencer vastusti samoja juttuja kuin punaniska jenkki: the use of the coercive powers of the government, the discouragement given to voluntary self-improvement, and the disregard of the "laws of life." The reforms, he said, were tantamount to "socialism", which he said was about the same as "slavery" in terms of limiting human freedom.

ellauri053.html on line 736: Tagore was raised mostly by servants; his mother had died in his early childhood and his father travelled widely.

ellauri053.html on line 787: Father set my mother to prepare an abridged version of the Ramayana , keeping to the original but leaving out all superfluous and irrelevant matter so that the main story could be read at a stretch. Father insisted that she should consult the original Sanskrit and not depend upon Bengali translations for preparing her text. This was difficult for Mother, but undaunted she read the Ramayana with the help of a Pandit, and only then did she start writing, but unfortunately the book was not finished before she died and the MS. of the portion she had written got lost. I remember with what avidity we used to read her MS.

ellauri053.html on line 820: Prince Dwarkanath Tagore, my great-grandfather, was a romantic figure. Contemporary of Rammohan Roy, the Father of the Renaissance Movement of Bengal, he was closely associated with him in all his activities and rendered financial help when- ever required. The East India Company were by this time firmly established in Bengal and were rapidly building up their trade. Dwarkanath’s knowledge of English helped him to take advantage of the conditions prevailing under the Company’s rule and he was able at quite an early age not only to amass a fortune but also to gain high offices under the British. With Rammohan Roy he took a leading part in all the movements for the promotion of higher education and social welfare. There was hardly any institution founded during his life-time that did not owe its existence to the generous charity of Dwarkanath. He came to be known as Prince Dwarkanath in recognition of his benefactions. His business enterprises extended to fields unexplored by Indians in those days. He had a fleet of cargo boats for trading between India and England. To improve his business connections and gain further concessions from the Company, he himself went to England accompanied by his youngest son, Nagendranath. I have had occasion to read the diary kept by this grand-uncle of mine. It describes vividly and in very chaste English the social life Of the aristocracy of England in the early Victorian age as seen through the eyes of an Indian. There is also an interesting description of his adventurous journey across the country from Bombay to Calcutta at a time when India was in a very disturbed condition on the eve of the Sepoy Mutiny.

ellauri053.html on line 826: It is believed that the important business which took the Prince to England was - to try to negotiate with the British government for an izara (permanent lease) of the provinces of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa in supersession of the East India Company. He was well received by Queen Victoria. But this ambitious project of his came to nothing on account of his sudden death under somewhat mysterious circumstances.

ellauri053.html on line 833: Our house has had an interesting history. As I have already said, my forefathers migrated to Calcutta in the early days of the East India Company, and, having helped in the erection of Fort William, made enough money to construct a palatial building of their own at Jorasanko in the northern quarter of the town. Other gentry were attracted to this quarter which gradually became the most fashionable part of the city, with elegant houses vying with each other. It is a pity that most of these houses are being crowded out or demolished to make room for hideous modern mansions. The architecture of that period with high columned facades and a series of interior courtyards was not only dignified but most suited to the tropical climate.

ellauri053.html on line 837: At Jorasanko lived the direct descendants of the Maharshi at No. 6, Dwarkanath Tagore Lane. It was a huge rambling house spread over an acre of ground with wide verandahs and large halls around the outer courtyard and a series of dark and dingy corridors and staircases and rooms, where no sunlight ever penetrated, which gave us the creeps whenever as children we had to pass through them. At No. 5, the handsome residence opposite to ours, lived my three artist cousins Gaganendra, Samarendra and Abanindra.

ellauri053.html on line 853: Our teacher of English was an Englishman of a rather interesting type. He was given a bungalow in the compound. There he lived with thousands of silk-worms in which he had become interested through Akshoy Kumar Maitra, the historian. On Sundays, discarding all clothes, Mr. Lawrence would wrap himself in old newspapers and lie amongst the caterpillars which delighted in crawling all over him. He was very fond of them and used to say they were his children. 

ellauri053.html on line 863: Jagadish Chandra Bose had a wonderful fund of interesting stories, some very amusing, of the many lands he had visited and personalities he had met. He could go on telling them for hours and days together, yet one would never get tired of listening to him for he could always make the most trivial facts interesting, and his humour was so refreshing. He could also laugh ; so few people can laugh well and at the proper time and place. I would greatly miss him when he went away and secretly I would take a vow to become a scientist like him when I grew up.

ellauri053.html on line 873: While Father would be entertaining the Maharaja, Mother with the help of Amaladidi, who was an expert in the cooking of East Bengal delicacies, would be busy preparing the meals.

ellauri053.html on line 877: As soon as he had finished a piece of writing. Father always got restless until he had an opportunity of reading it to a few friends. None of his literary friends was at Shelidah at the time, so off he must go to Calcutta.

ellauri053.html on line 883: Kala Bhavana (Institute of Fine Arts) is the fine arts faculty of Visva-Bharati University, in Shantiniketan, India. It is an institution of education and research in visual arts, founded in 1919, it was established by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore.  Nää taiskin olla jotain teosofeja. (Vertaa Palkeen Salea.)

ellauri053.html on line 890: At the end of three months I was to be examined by the Maharshi himself to see whether I could recite correctly and with proper intonation his selections from the Upanishads , called Brahmo-dharma.

ellauri053.html on line 892: My teacher, who had no illusions, regarding his pupil, trembled at the herculean task imposed upon him. However, the Maharshi’s word was law, and teacher and pupil set to work with such grim determination that at the end of the prescribed period my grandfather was greatly pleased to hear me recite the mantras so dear to him.

ellauri053.html on line 898: In ancient times the boy had to leave his home and live with his Guru in a forest hermitage as a Brahmachari. Only after having lived a spartan life during years of rigid training was he allowed to go home and take up the duties of a householder.

ellauri053.html on line 912: Father had composed some new songs for the opening ceremony, one of which, Mora satyer pare man (We dedicate ourselves to truth) remained as the school song for many years until it was replaced by Amader Santiniketan (Our own Santiniketan).

ellauri053.html on line 914: Santiniketan, unfortunately, was regarded more or less as a reformatory in those days.

ellauri053.html on line 916: The life led by both pupils and teachers was not only simple but almost austere. The ideal of Brahmacharya was the keynote of everything. The yellow uniform, which covered up the poverty of clothes; a pair of blankets, which served as our only bedding; the vegetarian meals comparable to jail diet in their dull monotony — these were the standards laid down.

ellauri053.html on line 920: I think one of the sorest trials my mother ever had was when Father insisted that I should live in the school boarding-house. She could not bear the miserable condition in which we lived, especially with regard to food. 

ellauri053.html on line 928: How-ever simple, the strain on Father’s resources to maintain the school must have been great. The institution had no income of its own besides the annual Rs. 1,800 drawn from the Santiniketan Trust. For several years students were not charged fees of any kind. They were given not only free education, but food and very often clothing as well. The whole burden had to be borne by Father, when his own private income was barely Rs. 200 a month. My mother had to sell nearly all her jewellery for the support of the school, before she died in 1902.

ellauri053.html on line 930: But it would be wrong to emphasize only the dark side of the picture. We were essentially a happy lot and life was very rich and interesting in spite of our outward poverty. Whenever Father was present, he poured his soul into the institution and made it lively by singing songs which he never tired of com- posing, reciting his poems, telling stories from the Mahabharaia , playing indoor games with the boys, rehearsing plays, and even taking classes.

ellauri053.html on line 969: While Father was entirely absorbed in his educational experiment at Santiniketan, Mother fell ill and she had to be taken to Calcutta for treatment. Before the doctors gave up hope Mother had come to realize that she would not recover. The last time when I went to her bedside she could not speak but on seeing me, tears silently rolled down her cheeks.

ellauri053.html on line 971: That night my sisters Bela, Rani and Mira and myself and my brother Sami — who was then just a small child — we were all sent to sleep in another part of the house. We knew without anyone telling us that we had lost our mother. That evening my father gave me Mother’s pair of slippers to keep. They have been carefully preserved ever since.

ellauri053.html on line 979: While I was loitering about the Asrama and reading the letters over and over again the sad news of the death of my sister. Rani was conveyed to me from Calcutta. Father had brought her back there finding that she had much improved in health in Almora — but a relapse ended fatally and she died nine months after the death of my mother.

ellauri053.html on line 981: Father now devoted himself with renewed zeal to the affairs of the school. The most difficult task was to find the right kind of teachers. Frequent changes had to be made. Every time a new teacher was engaged Father had to train him and mould him to fit in with the ideals of the Asrama.

ellauri053.html on line 983: Unfortunately just when he was feeling satisfied with the progress that was being made another mishap occurred in the family that greatly disturbed Father’s mind. My grandfather, the Maharshi, died in Calcutta. Father had to go there as soon as he heard about his illness and remained a long time there after grandfather’s death to settle business affairs consequent on the passing away of the head of a big family like ours. After the death of the Maharshi the family broke up — the members no longer lived together as in a Hindu joint family. (100 hengen huushollissa.)

ellauri053.html on line 985: The death of my brother Samindra took place when I was in college in America. At Monghyr he fell a victim to cholera and died soon after Father arrived there.

ellauri053.html on line 987: A few years later, after I had settled down at Santiniketan my sister Bela, who was staying with her husband in Calcutta, fell ill. Like Rani, my elder sister also developed tuberculosis. ela was daddy's favourite child and her death was a severe blow to him.

ellauri053.html on line 989: Vicissitudes of life, pain or afflictions, however, never upset the equanimity of my father’s mind. Like his father, the Maharshi, he remained calm and his inward peace was not disturbed by any calamity however painful. Some superhuman sakti gave him the power to resist and rise above misfortunes of the most painful nature.

ellauri053.html on line 1002:     He was reading to you all evening, but could you really make out what he meant?

ellauri053.html on line 1015:     When my father wastes such heaps of paper, mother, you don't seem to mind at all.

ellauri053.html on line 1026: "I felt sure that some Being who comprehended me and my world was seeking his best expression in all my experiences, uniting them into an ever-widening individuality which is a spiritual work of art. To this Being I was responsible; for the creation in me is His as well as mine." He called this Being his Jivan devata (“The Lord of His Life”), a new conception of God as man’s intimate friend, lover, and beloved that was to play an important role in his subsequent work.

ellauri053.html on line 1032: Gitanjali was written shortly after the deaths of Tagore’s wife, his two daughters, his youngest son, and his father. But as his son, Rathindranath, testified in On the Edges of Time, “he remained calm and his inward peace was not disturbed by any calamity however painful. Some superhuman sakti [force] gave him the power to resist and rise above misfortunes of the most painful nature.” Gitanjali was his inner search for peace and a reaffirmation of his faith in his Jivan devata. 

ellauri053.html on line 1035: 
 “Rabindranath only became a temporary craze, but never a serious literary figure in the Western scene. He was intrinsically an outsider to the contemporary literary tradition of the West, and after a short, misunderstood visit to the heart of the West, he again became an outsider.” 

ellauri053.html on line 1121: It was mid-day when you went away.			Oli lounasaika kun sä lähdit.

ellauri053.html on line 1122: The sun was strong in the sky.				Aurinko oli kuuma taivaalla.

ellauri053.html on line 1142: It was mid-day when you went away.			Oli keskipäivä kun sä häippäsit.

ellauri053.html on line 1143: The dust of the road was hot and the fields panting.	Moottoritie oli kuuma ja pellot läähätti.

ellauri053.html on line 1145: I was alone in my balcony when you went away.		Olin yxin parvekkeella kun sä lähdit.

ellauri053.html on line 1155: 
His earliest volume of verse was published in 1889, and its slow-paced and lyrical poems display debts to Edmund Spenser, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and the poets of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. 

ellauri053.html on line 1156: 
From 1900, his poetry grew more physical and realistic. He largely renounced the transcendental beliefs of his youth, though he remained preoccupied with physical and spiritual masks, as well as with cyclical theories of life. In 1923, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

ellauri053.html on line 1157: 
In 1997, his biographer R. F. Foster observed that Napoleon's dictum that to understand the man you have to know what was happening in the world when he was twenty "is manifestly true of W.B.Y."

ellauri053.html on line 1166: 
At this point in his review, Eliot moves toward thinking that to make sense of Yeats you have first to remember that he is an Irishman. He thought that to be an Irishman was to be deprived of wit. Mut sitä pitempi oli jästin hanging dick jäykkänä. 

ellauri053.html on line 1174:     He was very much fascinated by self-induced trance states, calculated symbolism, mediums, theosophy, crystal-gazing, folklore and hobgoblins. Golden apples, archers, black pigs and such paraphernalia abounded. Often the verse has an hypnotic charm: but you cannot take heaven by magic, especially if you are, like Mr. Yeats, a very sane person.


ellauri053.html on line 1179: His complaint against Yeats was that Yeats’s “supernatural world” was “the wrong supernatural world”:  It was not a world of spiritual significance, not a world of real Good and Evil, of holiness or sin, but a highly sophisticated lower mythology summoned, like a physician, to supply the fading pulse of poetry with some transient stimulant so that the dying patient may utter his last words. 


ellauri053.html on line 1245: Walter Horatio Pater was born August 4, 1839, in Shadwell, London and he died on July 30, 1894, at Oxford in Oxfordshire. He was a famous English critic, journalist, writer of fiction, university teacher, and an essayist.

ellauri053.html on line 1251:     Versatile Writer: He exhibited in his work breadth of talents and interests. His most renowned work falls into cultural theory; art history including painting, sculpture, and architecture. He wrote on the critics of the old and modern English Literature too. He even wrote lecture articles, short stories etc. William E. Buckler says that Pater “is still one of the half-dozen indispensable critics in English; from, say, 1880 to 1920, he was without equal.”

ellauri053.html on line 1253:     Freshness In His Works: A. C. Benson called Pater's style "absolutely distinctive and entirely new", suggesting that there was some peculiar newness in his works.

ellauri053.html on line 1257:     Philosophical: Pater was not talking about things in the air. He enumerated aspects which could even be philosophical in nature.

ellauri053.html on line 1363: Yeats derided MacBride in letters and in poetry. He was horrified by Gonne's marriage, at losing his muse to another man; in addition, her conversion to Catholicism before marriage offended him; Yeats was Protestant/agnostic. He worried his muse would come under the influence of the priests and do their bidding.

ellauri053.html on line 1364: Gonne's marriage to MacBride was a disaster. This pleased Yeats, as Gonne began to visit him in London. 

ellauri053.html on line 1365: To get a divorce, Gonne made a series of allegations against her husband with Yeats as her main 'second', though he did not attend court or travel to France. A divorce was not granted, for the only accusation that held up in court was that MacBride had been drunk once during the marriage. 

ellauri053.html on line 1367: Yeats's friendship with Gonne ended when in Paris in 1908, they finally consummated their relationship. "The long years of fidelity rewarded at last" was how another of his lovers described the event. (Bet it was Ezra Pound.) Yeats was less sentimental and later remarked that "the tragedy of sexual intercourse is the perpetual virginity of the soul." (Aika narsistinen penselmä.) The relationship did not develop into a new phase after their night together, and soon afterwards Gonne wrote to the poet indicating that despite the physical consummation, they could not continue as they had been. She recommended Yeats to concentrate on other men.

ellauri053.html on line 1370: By 1916, Yeats was 51 years old and determined to marry and produce an heir. His rival John MacBride had been executed for his role in the 1916 Easter Rising, so Yeats hoped that his widow might remarry. His final proposal to Maud Gonne took place in mid-1916. Gonne's history of revolutionary political activism, as well as a series of personal catastrophes in the previous few years of her life—including chloroform addiction and her troubled marriage to MacBride—not to mention that she was 50—made her a potentially unsuitable wife; biographer R. F. Foster has observed that Yeats's last offer was motivated more by a sense of duty than by a genuine desire to marry her. 

ellauri053.html on line 1371: Yeats proposed in an indifferent manner, with conditions attached, and he both expected and hoped she would turn him down. According to Foster, "when he duly asked Maud to marry him and was duly refused, his thoughts shifted with surprising speed to her daughter." Iseult Gonne was Maud's second child with Lucien Millevoye, and at the time was twenty-one years old. 

ellauri053.html on line 1373: When Gonne took action to divorce MacBride in 1905, the court heard allegations that he had sexually assaulted Iseult, then eleven. At fifteen, she proposed to Yeats. In 1917, he proposed to Iseult but was rejected. 

ellauri053.html on line 1375: That September, Yeats proposed to 25-year-old Georgie Hyde-Lees (1892–1968), known as George, whom he had met through Olivia Shakespear. Despite warnings from her friends—"George ... you can't. He must be dead"—Hyde-Lees accepted, and the two were married on 20 October. Their marriage was a success, in spite of the age difference, and in spite of Yeats's feelings of remorse and regret during their honeymoon. The couple went on to have two children, Anne and Michael. Although in later years he had romantic relationships with other women, Georgie herself wrote to her husband "When you are dead, people will talk about your love affairs, but I shall say nothing, for I will remember how proud you were of them."

ellauri053.html on line 1379: In December 1923, Yeats was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, "for his always inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation". He was aware of the symbolic value of an Irish winner so soon after Ireland had gained independence, and sought to highlight the fact at each available opportunity. His reply to many of the letters of congratulations sent to him contained the words: "I consider that this honour has come to me less as an individual than as a representative of Irish literature, it is part of Europe's welcome to the Free State." Taas yxi tällänen taatatyyppinen poliittinen nobelisti.

ellauri053.html on line 1381: The prize led to a significant increase in the sales of his books, as his publishers Macmillan sought to capitalise on the publicity. For the first time he had money, and he was able to repay not only his own debts but those of his father.

ellauri053.html on line 1430: This poem is very famous in China. We first know Yeats by this wonderful poem, which contain a story of Yeats himself that move us so deeply. From this poem, we know what is the true love, we know how deeply love can be. This has been transferred into the famous poem of MUDAN, also been transferred into a popular song sung by SHUIMUNIANHUA, so we can see how arractive it was to us in China. 


ellauri054.html on line 101: The exhibits of this small museum consist mainly of text and information-panels. I found it informative but it also was similar to reading a informative-book displayed on the museum walls. I missed some artwork or historical objects.

ellauri054.html on line 154: Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban, 22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626, also known as Lord Verulam, was an English philosopher and statesman who served as Attorney General and as Lord Chancellor of England. His works are credited with developing the scientific method and remained influential through the scientific revolution. Bacon has been called the father of empiricism.  Muita lapsia ei sillä ollutkaan. Siihen jäi sen tittelit, ja käyttämätön pippeli. Samanlainen ressukka kuin Jaakko Hintikka. 


ellauri054.html on line 187:  Riikonen even found  his wife-to-be, Salme  Marjatta, at the University.  They both studied Latin and  attended the same lectures.  The couldn’t marry until  11.5 years after their first  meeting, however, as H. K.  Riikonen wanted to follow  scholar Valentin Kiparsky’s  advice to not marry until  his dissertation was  complete. "Saatuani  väitöskirjani valmiixi aion  palata mielirunoilijani  Horatiuxen pariin."  Julkaistuaan kirjeet  Tarastin kanssa kirjana Eero  ja Hannu (vai oliko se  toisinpäin) se sanoi  myhisten partaansa:  "seuraavaxi aion julkaista  rakkauskirjeeni." 

ellauri054.html on line 193:   Riikonen has also planned a  book on the Aristotelian  concept of temperance. He  believes temperance can also  be used to describe his own  lifestyle. “I’m a calm,  middle-of-the-road person. I  have never veered toward the  extreme, in good or bad.”  Every day, Riikonen walks to  his office in Topelia from  his home in Etu-Töölö. “Last  year, around the New Year, I  lost my temper for the first  time, as the electronic lock  system in Topelia was broken  and I couldn't get to my  office during the weekend.  The weekends are the best  time to work, because it is  very quiet,” says Riikonen.  

ellauri054.html on line 321: But all the time he was talking she had in mind

ellauri054.html on line 331: Is really tough on a girl, and she was pretty.

ellauri054.html on line 344: Anthony Hecht was born in New York City in 1923. His books of poetry include The Darkness and the Light (Alfred A. Knopf, 2001); Flight Among the Tombs (1996); The Transparent Man (1990); Collected Earlier Poems (1990); The Venetian Vespers (1979); Millions of Strange Shadows (1977); The Hard Hours (1967), which won the Pulitzer Prize; and A Summoning of Stones (1954).

ellauri054.html on line 417: In 2013, countries that were currently using private prisons or in the process of implementing such plans included Brazil, Chile, Greece, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Peru, South Africa and Thailand. However, at the time, the sector was still dominated by the United States, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand.

ellauri054.html on line 421: In the modern era, the United Kingdom was the first European country to use for-profit prisons. Wolds Prison opened as the first privately managed prison in the UK in 1992. This was enabled by the passage of the Criminal Justice Act 1991 which empowered the Home Secretary to contract out prison services to the private sector.

ellauri054.html on line 423: The law needs to be structured in such a way that it allows a steady stream of new inmates. This ties back to that lobbying aspect: stricter laws mean more people in the system. More people in the system means more money for the prison. Many have argued that this is the entire reason that the war on drugs was started: another set of laws that could incarcerate thousands of people every single year.

ellauri054.html on line 437: Edison invented the first electric chair to show how dangerous alternating current was. 614 people eventually died in it. As a business model it sucks, with no returning customers.

ellauri054.html on line 472: Browning on ensinnäkin pyssy, ja pyssytehdas.   Browning Arms Company is an American marketer of firearms and fishing gear. The company was founded in Ogden, Utah, in 1878 by brothers John Moses Browning and Matthew Sandefur Browning. The company offers a wide variety of firearms including shotguns, rifles, and pistols. We Support nra.org, nssf.org, dontlie.org, gunvote.org. 

ellauri054.html on line 481: Robert Browning believed spiritualism to be fraud, and proved one of Daniel Dunglas Home's most adamant critics. When Browning and his wife Elizabeth attended one of his séances on 23 July 1855, a spirit face materialized, which Home claimed was Browning's son who had died in infancy: Browning seized the "materialization" and discovered it to be Home's bare foot. To make the deception worse, Browning had never lost a son in infancy.

ellauri054.html on line 483: After the séance, Browning wrote an angry letter to The Times, in which he said: "the whole display of hands, spirit utterances etc., was a cheat and imposture." In 1902 Browning's son Pen wrote: "Home was detected in a vulgar fraud." Elizabeth, however, was convinced that the phenomena she witnessed were genuine, and her discussions about Home with her husband were a constant source of disagreement.  

ellauri054.html on line 527: Browning´s early career began promisingly, but collapsed. The long poems Pauline (1833) and Paracelsus (1835) received some acclaim, but in 1840 the difficult Sordello, which was seen as wilfully obscure, brought his poetry into disrepute. His reputation took more than a decade to recover, during which time he moved away from the Shelleyan forms of his early period and developed a more personal style.

ellauri054.html on line 567: When Browning died in 1889, he was regarded as a sage and philosopher-poet who through his writing had made contributions to Victorian social and political discourse. Unusually for a poet, societies for the study of his work formed while he was still alive. Such Browning Societies remained common in Britain and the United States until the early 20th century.

ellauri055.html on line 38: In Greek mythology, Comus (Ancient Greek: Κῶμος) is the god of festivity, revels and nocturnal dalliances. He is a son and a cup-bearer of the god Dionysus. Comus represents anarchy and chaos. His mythology occurs in the later times of antiquity. During his festivals in Ancient Greece, men and women exchanged clothes. He was depicted as a young man on the point of unconsciousness from drink. He had a wreath of flowers on his head and carried a torch that was in the process of being dropped. Unlike the purely carnal Pan or purely intoxicated Dionysos, Comus was a god of excess.

ellauri055.html on line 40: Momus (/ˈmoʊməs/; Greek: Μῶμος Momos) was in Greek mythology the personification of satire and mockery, two stories about whom figure among Aesop's Fables. During the Renaissance, several literary works used him as a mouthpiece for their criticism of tyranny, while others later made him a critic of contemporary society. Onstage he finally became the figure of harmless fun.

ellauri055.html on line 98:     Victor Serge was appreciative of Rolland's interventions on his behalf but ultimately thoroughly disappointed by Rolland's refusal to break publicly with Stalin and the repressive Soviet regime. The entry for May 4, 1945, a few weeks after Rolland's death, in Serge's Notebooks: 1936-1947 notes acidly that "At age seventy the author of Jean-Christophe allowed himself to be covered with the blood spilled by a tyranny of which he was a faithful adulator."

ellauri055.html on line 1177:  In 1904, Richard Semon published Die Mneme (which appeared in English in 1924 as The Mneme). The term mneme was also used in Maurice Maeterlinck's The Life of the White Ant (1926), with some parallels to Dawkins's concept.

ellauri055.html on line 1271:     No ei! Tää halvatun tomppeli vaikuttaakin alkumetreillä lähes selväjärkiseltä. Sen vastaus teodikeaan on sama kuin turkkilaisella dervissillä: sulttaani ei voisi vähempää välittää mitä laivarotat toivovat. Toopen aikoihin sana jumala oli korvattu sanalla elämä, ja elämä oli olevinaan yhtä iso mysteerio kuin ennen jumala. Toopea. Elämäkään ei ole mystistä, sen mystisempää kuin palaminen tai ruostuminen. Miksi on elämää on yhtä tyhmä kysymys kuin Heideggerin "Warum gibt es eigentlich etwas? Warum nicht lieber nichts?" No jos niin hullusti olisi sattunut käymään, etpä olisi tässä kyselemässä. Ehkä olisi ollut parempi.

ellauri058.html on line 83:   Astrid Lindgren does not shy away from describing the situation for African-Americans during that era. Her language is not always comfortable, at least not for this day, referring to blacks as “the coloured race,” “young negro girl,” and, embarrassingly, “darkies.” How much of this is just a rough translation, how much of it is accurate translation, how much was totally acceptable back then, how much did Lindgren want us to feel uncomfortable . . .? Yeah, things sucked back then (*cough*even more than they do now*cough*) for African-Americans, and it shouldn’t be comfortable to read about it.

ellauri058.html on line 87: I discovered reading when I was much younger than the little me in this picture. As a child, my favorite authors included C.S. Lewis, Roald Dahl, Jill Paton Walsh, Gertrude Chandler Warner, Louisa May Alcott, and J.R.R. Tolkien. I am a long-distance hiker, trail advocate, full moon camper, and adopter of sad old cats. I live, play, and work in Two Harbors, Minnesota.

ellauri058.html on line 97: The Thin Man is a 1934 American comedy-mystery directed by W. S. Van Dyke and based on the novel of the same name by Dashiell Hammett. The film stars William Powell and Myrna Loy as Nick and Nora Charles, a leisure-class couple who enjoy copious drinking and flirtatious banter. Nick is a retired police detective who left his very successful career when he married Nora, a wealthy heiress accustomed to high society. Their wire-haired fox terrier Asta was played by canine actor Skippy. In 1997, the film was added to the United States National Film Registry having been deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."     

ellauri058.html on line 714: The ancient texts describe the symptoms Herod experienced in his final days: painful intestinal problems, convulsions in every limb, intense itching, breathlessness, and gangrene of the genitalia. Josephus wrote that Herod’s final illness―sometimes called “Herod’s Evil"―was excruciating.

ellauri058.html on line 718: Dr. Hirschmann said he decided to focus on the symptom of itching. “At first, I considered Hodgkin’s disease and some diseases of the liver.” Chronic kidney disease covered all of Herod’s symptoms except gangrene of the genitalia. Dr. Hirschmann figured that the most probable cause of King Herod’s death was chronic kidney disease complicated by Fournier’s gangrene, which is an unusual infection affecting the male genitalia.

ellauri058.html on line 777:  The poet  first came out as gay in his 1975  work In & Out, which was  initially available only in a  privately printed version in  limited circulation. The work did  not gain general publication until  1989. 

ellauri058.html on line 803:   The family unit, however defined,  is itself a comparatively recent  invention or convention; for  whereas the bond of mother and  child remains for our kind as for  each of us the earliest form of  attachment, among adults — and we  should never forget that adulthood  began much earlier in earlier times  — it was the group, the horde, or  that most decried yet most prevalent group, the gang. Gangs, first  I suppose for hunting game, are to  be found not only on streetcorners  but in board rooms, the most common  and powerful type of the gang being  the committee. The group for and  within which these poems were  composed and circulated was  neither a gang nor a committee —  itself a martial term originally —  but a court, neither an academy nor  yet an institute; these rather than  those high-flown heterosexual  fantasies of the twelfth century  represented the first form quite  literally of courtly love.

ellauri060.html on line 110: Peter first knew that he was gay when he was seven. Somewhat later he had a long-term relationship with Brian Kuhn, an American dancer he met while at Yale. After a nervous breakdown in the late 1980s, Ackroyd moved to Devon with Kuhn. However, Kuhn was then diagnosed with AIDS, and died in 1994, after which Ackroyd moved back to London. In 1999, he suffered a heart attack and was placed in a medically induced coma for a week.

ellauri060.html on line 112: The result of his Yale fellowship was Notes for a New Culture, written when Ackroyd was only 22 and eventually published in 1976. The title, an echo of T. S. Eliot's Notes Towards the Definition of Culture (1948), was an early indication of Ackroyd's penchant for exploring and re-examining the bollocks of other London-based writers.     

ellauri060.html on line 113: In a 2004 interview, Ackroyd said that he had not been in a relationship since Kuhn's death and was "very happy being celibate." Eliot-kirja on omistettu jollekulle Richard Shonelle. Ehkä ne oli vaan hyvänpäivän tuttuja. 

ellauri060.html on line 231: Daniel Defoe (/dɪˈfoʊ/; born Daniel Foe; c. 1660 – 24 April 1731) was an English writer, trader, journalist, pamphleteer and spy. He is most famous for his bestselling novel Robinson Crusoe, published in 1719, which is claimed to be second only to the Bible in its number of translations. He has been seen as one of the earliest proponents of the English novel, and helped to popularise the form in Britain with others such as Aphra Behn and Samuel Richardson. Defoe wrote many political tracts, was often in trouble with the authorities, and spent a period in prison for unpaid debts. Laissez faire intellectuals and political leaders paid attention to his fresh ideas and sometimes consulted him.

ellauri060.html on line 233:       Defoe was a prolific and versatile writer, producing more than three hundred works—books, pamphlets, and journals — on diverse topics, including politics, crime, religion, marriage, psychology, and the supernatural. He was also a pioneer of business journalism and economic journalism.

ellauri060.html on line 235:       Daniel Foe was probably born in Fore Street in the parish of St Giles Cripplegate, London. His father, James Foe, was a prosperous tallow chandler of Flemish descent, and a member of the Worshipful Company of Butchers. In Defoe's early childhood, he experienced some of the most unusual occurrences in English history: in 1665, 70,000 were killed by the Great Plague of London, and the next year, the Great Fire of London left only Defoe and two other guys standing in his neighbourhood. In 1667, when he was probably about seven, a Dutch fleet sailed up the Medway via the River Thames and attacked the town of Chatham in the raid on the Medway. His mother, Alice, had died by the time he was about ten.

ellauri060.html on line 239:       His parents were Presbyterian dissenters, and around the age of 14, he was sent to Charles Morton's dissenting academy at Newington Green, then a village just north of London, where he is believed to have attended the Dissenting church there after getting his Bachelor of Dissenting.

ellauri060.html on line 241:       Defoe entered the world of business as a general merchant, dealing at different times in hosiery, general woollen goods, and wine. His ambitions were great and he was able to buy a country estate and a ship (as well as civets to make perfume), though he was rarely out of debt. On 1 January 1684, Defoe married Mary Tuffley at St Botolph's Aldgate. She was the daughter of a London merchant, receiving a dowry of £3,700—a huge amount by the standards of the day. With his debts and political difficulties, the marriage may have been troubled, but it lasted 47 years and produced eight children.

ellauri060.html on line 243: In 1685, Defoe joined the ill-fated Monmouth Rebellion but gained a pardon, by which he escaped the Bloody Assizes of Judge George Jeffreys. Queen Mary and her husband William III were jointly crowned in 1689, and Defoe became one of William's close allies and a secret agent. Some of the new policies led to conflict with France, thus damaging prosperous trade relationships for Defoe. In 1692, he wanxus arrested for debts of £700 and, in the face of total debts that may have amounted to £17,000, was forced to declare bankruptcy. He died with little wealth and evidently embroiled in lawsuits with the royal treasury.

ellauri060.html on line 245: Following his release from debtors’ prison, he probably travelled in Europe and Scotland, and it may have been at this time that he traded wine to Cadiz, Porto and Lisbon. By 1695, he was back in England, now formally using the name "Defoe" and serving as a "commissioner of the glass duty", responsible for collecting taxes on bottles. In 1696, he ran a tile and brick factory in what is now Tilbury in Essex and lived in the parish of Chadwell St Mary. He was a serial entrepreneur.

ellauri060.html on line 475: It was pleasant and delightful on a midsummer's morn

ellauri060.html on line 889: It was amazing to see that all people needed to make them happy was food and drink and other people.

ellauri060.html on line 914: Rob Anybody  turned to his brother and said, Ye will mind, brother o mine, that there was time ye should stick your head up a duck's bottom rather than talk?

ellauri060.html on line 928: The first official slogan of the Libertarian Party was "There ain't no such thing as a free lunch" (abbreviated "TANSTAAFL"), a phrase popularized by Robert A. Heinlein in his 1966 novel The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress, sometimes dubbed "a manifesto for a libertarian revolution". The current slogan of the party is "The Party of Principal and Dividends".

ellauri060.html on line 949: MeWe was founded by entrepreneur and privacy advocate Mark Weinstein, a cheerful, loquacious man and a self-satisfied libertarian. He’s friendly and open, with a horse voice that occasionally crackles with emotion, and he’s also prone to the occasional fit of bombast: “I’m one of the guys who invented gunpowder,” he cheerfully tells me at the start of our conversation.

ellauri060.html on line 1046: This content quality problem has been exacerbated by Google’s switch to emphasize the freshness of their index years ago. The rationale was that there was so much good stuff around, and that its supply was (supposedly even exponentially) constantly increasing so Google would always be able to show amazing results just from the freshest portion of their index.

ellauri060.html on line 1050: The same really goes for basically every vertical. Way back (remember Googlebase?) it was thought nobody should bother with any vertical as Google had it in there anyway. Googlebase is long gone and people go to CarGurus or Carvana for cars, Zillow for online house listings, Indeed and others for job postings etc., the list goes on and on.

ellauri060.html on line 1056: AI was supposed to be another refuge and savior several years ago. The idea was that Google’s core mission was always to give answers to questions as opposed serving ten blue links with bunch of ads.

ellauri060.html on line 1158:     The phrase was adopted by US Army General "Vinegar" Joe Stilwell as his motto during the war, in the form Illegitimati non carborundum. It was later further popularized in the US by 1964 presidential candidate Barry Goldwater.

ellauri061.html on line 193:       Dorothea Kehler has attempted to trace the criticism of the work through the centuries. The earliest such piece of criticism that she found was a 1662 entry in the diary of Samuel Pepys. He found the play to be "the most insipid ridiculous play that ever I saw in my life". He did, however, admit that it had "some good dancing and some handsome women, which was all my pleasure".

ellauri061.html on line 195:       The next critic known to comment on the play was John Dryden, writing in 1677. He was preoccupied with the question of whether fairies should be depicted in theatrical plays, since they did not exist. He concluded that poets should be allowed to depict things which do not exist but derive from popular belief. And fairies are of this sort, as are pigmies and the extraordinary effects of magic. Based on this reasoning, Dryden defended the merits of three fantasy plays: A Midsummer Night's Dream, The Tempest, and Ben Jonson's Masque of Witches. Varmaan se olis pitänyt Kiekkomaailmastakin ja Valtaistuinpelistä. Ja Harry Potterista. 

ellauri061.html on line 197:       Francis Gentleman was much less appreciative of this play. He felt that its major weaknesses were a "puerile" plot and that it consists of an odd mixture of incidents. The connection of the incidents to each other seemed rather forced to Gentleman. Sama vika vaivaa Jari Pervoa, Rovaniemen Shakespearea (ks alempana).

ellauri061.html on line 205:       Samuel Taylor Coleridge felt that Helena is guilty of "ungrateful treachery" to Hermia. He thought that this was a reflection of the lack of principles in women, who are more likely to follow their own passions and inclinations than men. Women, in his view, feel less abhorrence for moral evil, though they are concerned with its outward consequences. Coleridge was probably the earliest critic to introduce gender issues to the analysis of this play. Kehler dismisses his views on Helena as indications of Coleridge's own misogyny, rather than genuine reflections of Helena's morality.

ellauri061.html on line 207:       Another misogynist, Maginn was particularly amused by the way donkey-headed weaver Bottom reacts to the love of the fairy queen: completely unfazed. Maginn argued that "Theseus would have bent in reverent awe before Titania. Bottom treats her as carelessly as if she were the wench of the next-door tapster."

ellauri061.html on line 223:   "Peter Quince at the Clavier" is a poem from Wallace Stevens's first book of poetry, Harmonium. The poem was first published in 1915 in the "little magazine" Others: A Magazine of the New Verse (New York), edited by Alfred Kreymborg. Tää on aika höyryinen runo apokryfisestä Susannasta jota setämiehet kuolaavat. Wallace Stevens (October 2, 1879 – August 2, 1955) was an American modernist poet. 

ellauri061.html on line 329: First Clown 	He was the first that ever bore arms.	 		Spede 1		Olihan sillä ase lonkalla.

ellauri061.html on line 362:  	Methought it was very sweet,	 						Se oli musta herkkua,

ellauri061.html on line 364:  	O, methought, there was nothing meet. 	 	 				ohoo, mä ajattelin näin, ei mikään parempaa.

ellauri061.html on line 435: First Clown 	One that was a woman, sir; but, rest her soul, she's dead.	 

ellauri061.html on line 447:  	was the very day that young Hamlet was born; he that				nuori Homoletti syntyi; sekö on hullu ja lähetettiin Englantiin.

ellauri061.html on line 449: HAMLET 	Ay, marry, why was he sent into England?	 		HAMLET		Ai hizi, mixe lähetettiin Englantiin?

ellauri061.html on line 450: First Clown 	Why, because he was mad: he shall recover his wits	Pelle 1		Nokö se oli hullu: sen piti tulla siellä järkiinsä; tai jossei tuu,

ellauri061.html on line 473: HAMLET 	Whose was it?	 	 					HAMLET		Kenenkäs se oli?

ellauri061.html on line 474: First Clown 	A whoreson mad fellow's it was: whose do you think it was?	 

ellauri061.html on line 478:  	sir, was Yorick's skull, the king's jester.	 				reiniläistä. Tää sama kallo, söör, oli Yorickin kallo, kunkun jokerin.

ellauri061.html on line 510:  	thus: Alexander died, Alexander was buried,					palaa tomuxi; tomu on maata; maata me lainataan; ja mixei sillä maalla,

ellauri061.html on line 513:  	was converted, might they not stop a beer-barrel?	 			jonkin kolon josta vetää.

ellauri061.html on line 524:  	Fordo its own life: 'twas of some estate.	 				lopettanut izensä: se oli joku tärkimö.

ellauri061.html on line 532:  	As we have warranty: her death was doubtful;	 				kun on valtuuxia: sen kuolema oli epäilyttävä;

ellauri061.html on line 625: Critics have spent a considerable amount of time debating Hamlet's age. Hamlet here is thirty years old, as the First Clown makes clear (lines 133-151). However, "young Hamlet", as he is referred to earlier in the play is still attending university and courting Ophelia. Laertes says that Hamlet's love is like "a violet in the youth of primy nature" (1.3.6). The noted scholar Grant White was so annoyed by this dilemma that he, defying logic, concluded that Hamlet was twenty when the play started and thirty at its close. (See Studies in Shakespeare, p. 79 ff.). How important is Hamlet's age to our understanding or enjoyment of the play? Would Hamlet's age have been an issue for play-goers at Shakespeare's Globe? For more on this topic, please click here.

ellauri061.html on line 768:     Gal Barak, an Israeli call center manager, the so-called Wolf of Sofia, was arrested in Sofia in February 2019. Most of the employees of the call center were Bulgarian but the managers were Israeli, a source told The Times of Israel.

ellauri061.html on line 776:       Ehud Barak says he is the blessed man to lead Israel. Another Messiah. His original name was Brog. He has 3 children, wonder if one of them is called Gal. In an interview with Haaretz reported in January 2015, Barak was asked to explain the source of his "big" capital, with which he "bought 5 apartments and connected them," and by which he "lives in a giant rental apartment in a luxury high rise." Barak said he currently earns more than a $1 million a year, and that from 2001 to 2007, he also earned more than a $1 million every year, from giving lectures and from consulting for hedge funds. Barak also said he made millions of dollars more from his investments in Israeli real estate properties.

ellauri061.html on line 778:       In the interview, Barak was asked whether he is a lobbyist that earns a living from "opening doors." The interviewer stated "You have arrived recently at the Kazakhstan despot Nazarbayev and the president of Ghana. You are received immediately." Barak confirmed that he has been received by these heads of state but denied earning money from opening doors for international business deals for Israeli and foreign corporations, and said he does not see any ethical or moral problems in his business activities. He further said there is no logic to demand of him, after "the natural process in democracy has ended" to not utilize the tools he accumulated in his career to secure his financial future. When asked if his financial worth is $10–15 million, Barak said "I'm not far from there."

ellauri061.html on line 782:   Balrogs are tall and menacing beings who can shroud themselves in fire, darkness, and shadow. They are armed with fiery whips "of many thongs", and occasionally used long swords. In Tolkien's later conception, they could not be readily vanquished—a certain status was required by the would-be hero. Only dragons rivalled their capacity for ferocity and destruction, and during the First Age of Middle-earth, they were among the most feared of Morgoth's forces.

ellauri061.html on line 795: A prophetess named Deborah judged or made rulings for the people of Israel under a palm tree during that time. One of Deborah’s judgments was to instruct Barak to summon 10,000 men and attack Jabin’s army. Likely fearful to comply with such a command, Barak told Deborah, “If you go with me, I will go; but if you don’t go with me, I won’t go” (Judges 4:8). She replied, “Certainly I will go with you. . . . But because of the course you are taking, the honor will not be yours, for the Lord will deliver Sisera into the hands of a woman” (verse 9).

ellauri061.html on line 797: Deborah and Barak then gathered 10,000 troops and attacked Sisera and his army. Barak’s troops won: “All Sisera’s troops fell by the sword; not a man was left” (Judges 4:16). Sisera himself fled to the tent of a Hebrew woman named Jael. She gave him milk to drink and covered him with a blanket in the tent. Then, “Jael . . . picked up a tent peg and a hammer and went quietly to him while he lay fast asleep, exhausted. She drove the peg through his temple into the ground, and he died” (verse 21).

ellauri061.html on line 799: Following this battle, “God subdued Jabin king of Canaan before the Israelites. And the hand of the Israelites pressed harder and harder against Jabin king of Canaan until they destroyed him” (Judges 4:23–24). Deborah’s prophecy was fulfilled: Barak won, Sisera was killed by a woman, and the Israelites were freed from their enemies.

ellauri061.html on line 803: The song of Deborah and Barak also gives some more detail about the victory over the Canaanites: “The earth shook, the heavens poured, / the clouds poured down water” (Judges 5:4). Evidently, God used a flood to disable the iron chariots of Sisera. The victory was supernatural (verse 20). Chapter 5 concludes with the statement, “And the land had peace forty years.” This impressive time of peace lasted until Midian took control of Israel, necessitating Gideon’s rise.

ellauri061.html on line 818: Jumalan Canssan wihamiehiä wastan  


ellauri061.html on line 863: Amalechi wastan/ ja sinun jälkes  


ellauri061.html on line 884: yhtän woitto siellä. Tuom 5:20 Taiwast  


ellauri061.html on line 885: sodittin heitä wastan/ tähdet juoxusans  


ellauri061.html on line 886: sodeit Sisserat wastan. Tuom 5:21  


ellauri061.html on line 902: käteens/ ja sepän wasaran oikiaan  


ellauri061.html on line 915: hänen ylimmäisist waimoistans wastaisit/  


ellauri061.html on line 951: Sebulon sai myös yhden Josuan Sisserata wastan. 


ellauri062.html on line 174: The price of admission onto the 29th Rich List was a staggering $1 billion, and, not surprisingly — as far as minorities go, at least — Jews excelled. The breakdown, according to Gawker’s research, included one black woman (No. 130, Oprah Winfrey), three gay men (No. 54, David Geffen; No. 332, Barry Diller; and No. 365, Peter Thiel), four Indians, six (non-Indian) Asians, 34 women, and, of course, 30 Jews in the top 100 (see below). They must have stopped counting after the 100 mark.

ellauri062.html on line 273: In the hospital, June attempts to stab Serena Waterfront with a scalpel she had stolen from the medical waste disposal box. Serena fights back and cuts June in the arm. Serena alerts Dr. Yates telling him that June stabbed herself. 

ellauri062.html on line 285: She also reveals that Fred raped her too while she was working at Jezebel's. Only nobody held her down.  

ellauri062.html on line 294: The American Library Association (ALA) lists The Handmaid´s Tale as number 37 on the "100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990–2000". The book was called anti-Christian and pornographic by parents after being placed on a reading list for secondary students in Texas in the 1990s, because the book is "sexually explicit, violently graphic and morally corrupt". Some parents thought the book is “detrimental to Christian values". Poor quality literature that stresses suicide, illicit sex, violence, and hopelessness". Profanity, lurid passages about sex, and statements defamatory to minorities, God, women, and the disabled.

ellauri062.html on line 388: Baba Gurgur (Arabic: بابا كركر, Kurdish: بابە گوڕگوڕ ,Babagurgur‎) is an oil field and gas flame near the city of Kirkuk, which was the first to be discovered in Northern Iraq in 1927. Raportoi kirjeenvaihtajamme Kirkukissa.

ellauri062.html on line 392: Albert "Bert" Newton Stubblebine III (February 6, 1930 – February 6, 2017)[1] was a United States Army major general whose active duty career spanned 32 years. Beginning as an armor officer, he later transferred to intelligence. He is credited with redesigning the U.S. Army intelligence architecture during his time as commanding general of the U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) from 1981 to 1984, after which he retired from active service.

ellauri062.html on line 394: Stubblebine's statements questioning the plausibility of the damage done to The Pentagon by the hijacked aircraft during the September 11 attacks have been cited by David Ray Griffin to suggest that there was a conspiracy involving some elements of the U.S. government.

ellauri062.html on line 400: Menocchio (Domenico Scandella, 1532–1599) was a miller from Montereale Valcellina, Italy, who was tried for heresy by the Roman Inquisition for his unorthodox religious views and then was burnt at the stake in 1599. - Taulun Judith beheading Holofernes (not Swee´pea!) maalasi Artemisia Gentileschi (Roma 1593 - Napoli 1652/53). Se on kyllä Uffizissa. Holofernes oli assyrialainen kenraali, eikä Rauhixen kovaa holottava lahtelainen mökkinaapuri.

ellauri062.html on line 874: Näyttämökuva vaihtuu välisoiton aikana temppeliksi. Saliin saapuu ritareita puoliympyrään. Aortta kannetaan sisälle, ja palvelijat tuovat peitetyn "Graalin" temppelin keskelle. Titurel (kekä se on? Ei selviä, muttei taida olla väliä) pyytää Aorttaa paljastamaan "Graalin". Rituaali on ohi, kuningas kannettu pois ja ritarit poistuneet temppelistä. Gurnemanz kysyy: Weisst du, was du sahst? (Tiedätkö mitä näit?), Parsifal pudistaa "päätään". Gurnemanz on pettynyt, koska Parsifal oli houkka muttei 'puhdas houkka'. 

ellauri062.html on line 919:     Shahak, an Israeli professor who was a survivor of the Nazi holocaust, describes a 1962 book published in Israel in a bilingual edition. The Hebrew text was on one page, with the English translation on the facing page. The Hebrew text of a major Jewish code of laws contained a command to exterminate Jewish infidels: “It is a duty to exterminate them with one’s own hands.” The English version on the facing page softened it to “It is a duty to take active measures to destroy them.’” The Hebrew page then went on to name which “infidels” must be exterminated, adding “may the name of the wicked rot.” Among them was Jesus of Nazareth. The facing page with the English translation failed to tell any of this.

ellauri062.html on line 920:     While Shahak was alive, Noam Chomsky called him “an outstanding scholar,” and said he had “remarkable insight and depth of knowledge. His work is informed and penetrating, a contribution of great value.”

ellauri062.html on line 936:     The so called "New World Order" conspiracy is the modern term for the age old Satanic conspiracy, led by elite Jewry -- the aim being the enslavement of humanity, destruction of the true Israelites (the Anglo-Saxon and Germanic peoples of European descent), mass human population reduction, abolition of religion and national sovereignty, and the establishment of a totalitarian world government ruled by Satan via the jews.
 The ultimate goal of Judaism is rule of the world by Satan, and to literally unleash hell upon the earth. 
 Are you aware that Martin Luther wrote a treatise called "On the Jews and Their Lies", warning Christians in the most serious terms of the destructive influence of the jews, and advocating their banishment from European society? Luther was very knowledgeable of the religion, nature, origins, and influence of the Jews - having actually read the Talmud and written large parts of the Bible. Luther describes the Jews as an accursed, malicious, greedy, cunning, treacherous, thieving, and greatly evil people, who are descended from the very people who murdered the Messiah, who deeply hate Christianity and God's people, and are working in every possible way to undermine and destroy Western Christian civilization. Among other things, Luther rubbishes the Talmud, including its vicious hatred of Jesus and Christians, as well as relishing the many times Jews have been expelled from European nations.

ellauri063.html on line 41: Tony Blair oversaw British interventions in Kosovo (1999) and Sierra Leone (2000), which were generally perceived as successful. During the War on Terror, he supported the foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration and ensured that the British Armed Forces participated in the War in Afghanistan from 2001 and, more controversially, the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Blair argued that the Saddam Hussein regime possessed an active weapons of mass destruction (WMD) program, but no stockpiles of WMDs or an active WMD program were ever found in Iraq. The Iraq War became increasingly unpopular among the British public, and he was criticised by opponents and (in 2016) the Iraq Inquiry for waging an unjustified and unnecessary invasion. He was in office when the 7/7 bombings took place (2005) and introduced a range of anti-terror legislation. His legacy remains controversial, not least because of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars.

ellauri063.html on line 45: In other ways, he was an outright traditionalist: His attitude toward women and gay people was boorish and retrograde. Orwell's friend and contemporary Stephen Spender noted that ''Orwell ...

ellauri063.html on line 47: Yes, Orwell was not exactly LGBTQ-friendly. He had a lot of opinions which now seem eccentric or objectionable. He had a lifelong tendency to make disparaging remarks about vegetarians, or people who wore sandals. I suspect that this came from the association in his mind of socialism with people who lived the early 20th century equivalent of an alternative lifestyle: it was very important to Orwell to show people that being socialist didn’t mean that you had to have to have a long beard, wear sandals or not eat meat, and that socialism was thoroughly British, manly and commonsensical.

ellauri063.html on line 49:     George Orwell was anti-Communist if by the term Communist you mean the U.S.S.R., the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and all foreign Communist parties affiliated to it or following its line.

ellauri063.html on line 51:     His contradictory and sometimes ambiguous views about the social benefits of religious affiliation mirrored the dichotomies between his public and private lives: Stephen Ingle wrote that it was as if the writer George Orwell "vaunted" his unbelief while Eric Blair the individual retained "a deeply ingrained religiosity".

ellauri063.html on line 61: Luxemburg was knocked down with a rifle butt by the soldier Otto Runge, then shot in the head, either by Lieutenant Kurt Vogel or by Lieutenant Hermann Souchon. Her body was flung into Berlin's Landwehr Canal.

ellauri063.html on line 63: Rose Lichtenstein was born on March 26, 1887. She was an actress, known for Der Würger der Welt (1920), Freitag, der 13. - Das unheimliche Haus, 2. Teil (1916) and Die Japanerin (1919). She died on December 22, 1955 in Tel Aviv, Israel. Rosa Lichtenstein seems to be a leftist "influencer" on the web. Another "influencer" is not convinced:

ellauri063.html on line 72:     Is it hypocritical for George Orwell to write an anti-tyrannic book when he himself was a socialist?

ellauri063.html on line 106: a) As Marx saw things, socialism/communism could only work if there existed a massive abundance in the society concerned (i.e., a very highly developed economy coupled with high levels of productivity). However, Marx began to change his mind later in life and thought some form of socialism might be possible even in backward Russia, but it is arguable that by then he was in his dotage.

ellauri063.html on line 212:     If a Mogwai gets wet, it spawns new Mogwai from its back; small balls of fur that are approximately the size of a marble pop out from the wet Mogwai's back, then the furballs start to grow in size before unfolding themselves into new and fully grown Mogwai. This process does not take much time but it still usually takes just about a minute. According to the novel, the creator of the species, Mogturmen, wanted the Mogwai to be able to easily reproduce themselves. The cocoon and gremlin stage are unwanted defects from when the Mogwai species was created. It turned out that all the positive attributes are recessive.     

ellauri063.html on line 220:     Lingchi (Chinese: 凌遲), translated variously as the slow process, the lingering death, or slow slicing, and also known as death by a thousand cuts, was a form of torture and execution used in China from roughly 900 until it was banned in 1905. It was also used in Vietnam. In this form of execution, a knife was used to methodically remove portions of the body over an extended period of time, eventually resulting in death.

ellauri063.html on line 227: Lancea et Clavus Domini: The Holy Lance, also known as The Spear of Destiny. Oldest part of the Regalia of the Holy Roman Empire and allegedly the spear that pierced the side of Christ on the Cross, with one of the Nails set into it. Hitler was particularly interested in this relic. Other Theories Are Available. Now in the Kaiserliche Schatzkammer of the Hofburg, Vienna.

ellauri063.html on line 262: The role was retired in official contexts and replaced with Marksman icon.png Marksman, to distinguish between Ranged role.png ranged basic attackers (including those that do not build AD, e.g. Azir Azir) and the ability to carry , with Melee role.png melee ADCs being distributed between the Slayer icon.png Slayer and Fighter icon.png Fighter roles.

ellauri063.html on line 267:   In Jewish folklore, a golem (/ˈɡoʊləm/ GOH-ləm; Hebrew: גולם‎) is an animated anthropomorphic being that is created entirely from inanimate matter (usually clay or mud). The word was used to mean an amorphous, unformed material in Psalms and medieval writing.

ellauri063.html on line 274: "Frontside Ollie" is a Finnish language song by Finnish teen pop artist Robin and his debut single taken from his debut album Koodi. Written by Sana Mustonen, it was released on Universal Music on 16 January 2012. #skateboarding Today's video is about the basic frontside ollie on transition. Useful for quarter pipes, mini ramps, bowls and more. Hit subscribe & leave your suggestions below for future skate hacks videos!

ellauri063.html on line 288: Aphra Behn (/ˈæfrə bɛn/;[a] bapt. 14 December 1640[1] – 16 April 1689) was an English playwrightess, poetess, translatress and fiction waitress from the Restoration era. As one of the first Englishwomen to earn her living by her writing, she broke glass ceilings as a mannequin for later auctresses. Lusťs Dominion relies on the racist stereotype of the lustful, scheming, and bloodthirsty Moor, with the new Prince Philip ordering the expulsion of all the immigrant Moors from Spain because of their wickedness.

ellauri063.html on line 295: Screenwriter Deborah Moggach initially attempted to make her script as faithful to the novel as possible, writing from Elizabeth's perspective while preserving much of the original dialogue. Joe Wright, who was directing his first feature film, encouraged greater deviation from the text, including changing the dynamics within the Bennet family. Wright and Moggach set the film in an earlier period and avoided depicting a "perfectly clean Regency world", presenting instead a "muddy hem version" of the time. Chickenbutt Knightley was well-known in part from her role in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. It was marketed to a younger, mainstream audience; promotional items noted that it came from the producers of 2001's romantic comedy Bridget Jones's Diary before acknowledging its provenance as an Austen novel.

ellauri063.html on line 297: Pride & Prejudice earned a worldwide gross of approximately $121 million, which was considered a commercial success. Austen scholars have opined that Wright's work created a new hybrid genre by blending traditional traits of the heritage film with "youth-oriented filmmaking techniques". What "heritage film"? Austen's original screenplay?

ellauri063.html on line 314: Scott "Walker" Engel's The Old Man's Back Again is dedicated to the neostalinist regime. Löysää hölkkää mutta kaskun kärki on nyt siinä että Putinin porukat on muka yleisössä. Scott 4 is Scott Walker's fifth solo album (a collection of songs he had performed for his BBC television series had been his fourth). It was originally released in late 1969 under his birth name, Scott Engel, and failed to chart. Subsequent reissues have been released under his stage name. It has since received praise as one of Walker's best works.

ellauri063.html on line 316: Brötzmann Reflects on ‘Machine Gun’ as it Hits 50th Anniversary. The marathon, lung-bursting howl of Peter Brötzmann’s Machine Gun, which the saxophonist self-released on his BRÖ imprint 50 years ago, captured the anxiety of a generation grappling with the Vietnam War and civil unrest. The emotional and political complexity it was born from still resonates today.

ellauri063.html on line 317: Before he entered the world of music, Brötzmann was studying to be a painter in Western Germany and was associated with Fluxus, a radical art movement influenced by John Cage and informed by an anti-commercial sentiment.

ellauri063.html on line 318: “All we talked about was how to get rid of the old structures.” Täst mie piän eixje Jaakkima? 

ellauri063.html on line 319: “There is no contradiction between creation and destruction. I never thought music was a healing force of the universe. I didn’t agree with Mr. Albert Ayler. But we wanted to change things; we needed a new start. In Germany, we all grew up with the same thing: ‘Never again.’ But in the government, all the same old Nazis were still there. We were angry. We wanted to do something.” Like jazz. 

ellauri063.html on line 352: The Babushka Lady is an unknown woman present during the 1963 assassination of President John F. Kennedy who might have photographed the events that occurred in Dallas's Dealey Plaza at the time President John F. Kennedy was shot. Her nickname arose from the headscarf she wore, which was similar to scarves worn by elderly Russian women (бабушка – babushka – literally means "grandmother" or "old woman" in Russian).  THE BABUSHKA LADY or TBL is an homage METALCORE band. This band was established on 1st october 2011 in Pondok Gede Bekasi. This band is actually established in 2009 with different positions. WE WANT TO FAMOUS ! AND WE WANT TO VALUABLE IN THE EYES OF GOD !!

ellauri063.html on line 428: The novel's title is from Hamlet, Act V, Scene 1, in which Hamlet holds the skull of the court jester, Yorick, and says, "Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio: a fellow of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy: he hath borne me on his back a thousand times; and now, how abhorred in my imagination it is!" Wallace's working title for Infinite Jest was A Failed Entertainment. (PST: Hamnetista on lisää paasausta albumissa 61.)

ellauri063.html on line 589: In 2014 three letters written by Mahatma Gandhi to eldest son Harilal in 1935 were offered for auction. A translation of one of the letters (which was written in Gujarati) suggests that Gandhi was accusing Harilal of raping either his own daughter, Manu, or his sister-in-law. Tushar Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi´s great-grandson) has suggested that the letter was poorly translated, and that the word being translated as rape may not have actually meant sexual assault. Rape is in fact virtually nonexistent in India, while mistranslation is extremely common. 

ellauri064.html on line 77: Walter Benjamin was a radically innovative cultural theorist and a German Jewish Marxist, securing refuge in France in 1933. Following the 1940 Nazi invasion he fled France, bound for the USA. However, on the mountainous approach to the French–Spanish border he realised dictator Franco had suddenly blocked transit. Benjamin was in ill health and struggling to carry a briefcase with a heavy manuscript, which he declared more precious than his life. Sadly, he completed suicide: there was family history on his father's side.

ellauri064.html on line 79: Benjamin maintained a fiercely productive focus on his intellectual mission throughout his life, despite repeatedly complaining of ‘grand-scale defeats’ and lows. After his request for divorce from Dora Pollak was granted in 1932, he suffered 10 paralysing days during which he seriously prepared suicide. Suicidal thoughts endured. He was an elegant, cultivated man who oozed old-world charm, exerting attraction on women but not always enough to give him cunt. Asja Lacis, the Latvian Communist Director of Children's Theatre in the USSR, twice refused, as did later lover Anna Maria Blaupot ten Cate. Lacis suffered relapsing mental illness and was hospitalised with hallucinations when Benjamin rushed to Moscow in 1926, at the brink of Stalinisation. His luminous Moscow Diary records his frustrating two-month experience.

ellauri064.html on line 81: Benjamin's luscious Berlin Childhood around 1900 recalls his experience of the city's material culture as a boy. His family was commercially successful (rich) but relations with his parents and sister were poor, although he had a better relationship with his younger brother, because he died in a concentration camp. His bleak verdict on school life contrasted with that of his schoolmate Gershom Scholem, who become Professor of Jewish Mysticism at the newly established Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Benjamin impressed some as reserved, discreet and modest, others as oversensitive and uncompromising.

ellauri064.html on line 83: He maintained a life-long friendship with Shulem. A feature of Benjamin's unorthodox Marxism was his attempt to invest it with the passions of Messianic Jewish mysticism. He was also friends with Theodor Adorno, a critical social theory pioneer who was deeply influenced by Benjamin and helped preserve his legacy. Adorno remarked that Benjamin's work had ‘settled at the cross-roads between magic and positivism. That place is bewitched’.

ellauri064.html on line 87: ‘A child in his nightshirt cannot be prevailed upon to greet a visitor. Those present, invoking a higher moral standpoint, admonish him in vain to overcome his prudery. A few minutes later he reappears, now stark naked, before the visitor. In the meantime, he has washed his tiny skinless wiener.’

ellauri064.html on line 89:     This precious manuscript was lost together with Benjamin's life. Shortly thereafter, Franco reopened the border and collaborationist Vichy French authorities rescinded deportation orders to Germany. I shared this tragic story of almost preventable loss of luggage with suicidal patients; and it has made a difference.

ellauri064.html on line 226: Eindringling (< vieraslaji) aus Afrika: Schwarzer Flüchtling vögelt deutsche Büroangestellte (Die etwas andere Flüchtlingsromantik 1) (German Edition)

ellauri064.html on line 262: Robert James Zdarsky (June 3, 1950 – March 30, 2015), better known by his stage name Robert Z´Dar, was an American character actor and film producer, best known for his role as officer Matt Cordell in the cult horror film Maniac Cop and its two sequels. Never heard. Kärsi kerubismista (leukavuudesta). Rokonarpiset ihmiset on nykyään yleensä kärsineet pahasta aknesta.

ellauri064.html on line 275:   The Völkischer Beobachter (pronounced [ˈfœlkɪʃɐ bəˈʔoːbaχtɐ]; "Völkisch Observer") was the newspaper of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) from 25 December 1920. It first appeared weekly, then daily from 8 February 1923. For twenty-four years it formed part of the official public face of the Nazi Party until its last edition at the end of April 1945.

ellauri064.html on line 280: Unabomber Theodore John Kaczynski (/kəˈzɪnski/; born May 22, 1942), also known as the Unabomber (/ˈjuːnəbɒmər/), is an American domestic terrorist, anarchist, and former mathematics professor. He was a mathematics prodigy, but he abandoned his academic career in 1969 to pursue a more primitive lifestyle. Between 1978 and 1995, he killed three people and injured 23 others in an attempt to start a revolution by conducting a nationwide bombing campaign targeting people involved with modern technology. In conjunction with this effort, he issued a social critique opposing industrialization while advocating a nature-centered form of anarchism.

ellauri064.html on line 282: In 1971, Kaczynski moved to a remote cabin without electricity or running water near Lincoln, Montana, where he lived as a recluse while learning survival skills in an attempt to become self-sufficient. He witnessed the destruction of the wilderness surrounding his cabin and concluded that living in nature was untenable; he began his bombing campaign in 1978. In 1995, he sent a letter to The New York Times and promised to "desist from terrorism" if the Times or The Washington Post published his essay Industrial Society and Its Future, in which he argued that his bombings were extreme, but necessary to attract attention to the erosion of human freedom and dignity by modern technologies that require large-scale organization. 

ellauri064.html on line 287: With the Newseum in Washington, D.C. closing its doors at the end of this month, many pieces of American history may be needing new homes. It includes an infamous piece that is from Montana. The museum is home to the wilderness cabin that was once home to Ted Kaczynski, also known as the Unabomber.

ellauri064.html on line 289: Kaczynski was captured in April of 1996 and according to the FBI, the cabin was key piece of evidence. It housed 40-thousand handwritten journal pages, a live bomb, bomb-making components and descriptions of Kaczynski´s crimes. Since it will no longer be on display in the nation´s capital after the Newsuem closes, the Montana Historical Society director Bruce Whittenberg is trying to see if the piece could make its way back to the Treasure State.

ellauri064.html on line 291: "It tells an important story of Montana," said Whittenberg. "And it's not a story we're necessarily proud of, or that we like to relive. But it was a big story in Montana, big story nationally and internationally. And that´s an artifact that represents that story and so part of our role here is to make sure those things are preserved for future generations. It can still bring in megabucks."

ellauri064.html on line 311:   Thomas "Pip pip" Jeeves Horder, 1st Baron Horder, known as ‘Tommy’, was created a baronet in 1923 and Baron Horder in 1933 in recognition of his services as physician to several British monarchs and Prime Ministers, including the pro-nazi abdicate Edvard VII.

ellauri064.html on line 328: James Hirvisaari (born 2 July 1960) is a Finnish politician. He was elected to the Finnish Parliament in the 2011 general election held on 17 April on the electoral list of the Finns Party, but since 2013 he has represented Change 2011.     


ellauri064.html on line 329: Hirvisaari is a former train driver, educated at the Helsinki Pasila engine drivers' school in 1980–1982. He was admitted to University of Helsinki in 1999 to study theology, and is still registered as an undergraduate student. Hirvisaari undertook his military national service in the Kymi Anti-Aircraft Battalion in 1979–1980 in the city of Kouvola.

ellauri064.html on line 331: During his 2011 election campaign Hirvisaari was critical of the immigration policies in Finland ("Maahanmuutto hallintaan! – Immigration under control!), and supported national sovereignty ("Riittää, että kansalaiset ovat sitä mieltä – muita perusteluja ei tarvita." – "It is enough that the citizens are of that opinion – no other arguments are needed.") as well as Finland generally as a country ("Suomen kieli – Suomen mieli – Suomen luonto – Suomen lippu" – "Finnish language – Finnish mindset – Finnish nature – Finnish flag"). In July 2011 Hirvisaari stated that the killings in Oslo on 22 July 2011, by right-wing extremist Anders Behring Breivik (Fjotolf Hansen), were a side-effect of Norway's immigration policies. 

ellauri064.html on line 333: Just before the 2011 general election Hirvisaari was prosecuted for his blog in the Uusi Suomi newspaper web site under the title "Kikkarapäälle kuonoon" ("Sock the kinkyhead"). The text referenced an attack on a foreign person in Helsinki — Hirvisaari wrote that the crime had not necessarily been a racist one. In November 2010 the district court of Päijät-Häme dropped the charges against him of incitement. After consultation with the deputy general attorney, Jorma Kalske, the state appealed against the verdict. In December the Kouvola court of appeals found Hirvisaari guilty of incitement and fined him.

ellauri064.html on line 335:       James Hirvisaari was one of the authors of the so-called "Nuiva Manifesti" ("The crabby or peevish electoral manifesto"), an election campaign programme critical of current Finnish immigration policy. The other authors were Finns Party politicians Juho Eerola, Jussi Halla-Aho, Olli Immonen, Teemu Lahtinen, Maria Lohela, Heikki Luoto, Heta Lähteenaro, Johannes Nieminen, Vesa-Matti Saarakkala, Pasi Salonen, Riikka Slunga-Poutsalo and Freddy Van Wonterghem.

ellauri064.html on line 385:     Yrjö von Grönhagen (3 October 1911 in Saint Petersburg – 17 October 2003 in Helsinki[1]) was a Finnish nobleman and anthropologist. He is best known on his 1930s work at the Nazi pseudoscientific institute Ahnenerbe.

ellauri064.html on line 386: During World War II, the Nazi-minded Grönhagen worked for Finland´s propaganda department and served as its military attaché in Berlin. He was arrested in Oslo 1945 and held in custody for two years. After his release Grönhagen was a businessman and emigrated to Greece in 1964. He first lived in Crete and later in Athens serving as the Master of the Christian Order Ordo Sancti Constantini Magni.

ellauri064.html on line 510:   Marvin was originally built as a failed prototype of the Sirius Cybernetics Corporation’s Genuine People Personalities technology. In a nutshell, Marvin is afflicted with severe depression and boredom, in part because he has a brain the size of a planet which he is seldom, if ever, given the chance to use.

ellauri065.html on line 202: The Human Centipede has its moments, but they're largely obscured by umpteen holes in the plot as well as by reams of exposition. It was an ultimately underwhelming affair that's neither sick or repellent enough to garner the cult status it so craves. Whether the film was a commentary on Nazi atrocities or a literal expression of filmmaking politics, the grotesque fusion at least silences the female leads, both of whose voices could strip paint.

ellauri065.html on line 204: Six says, "each film is a reaction to the other. And the film got so big, it was a pop culture phenomenon, and people wanted more: a bigger centipede, helicopters and things… it had to be bigger and bigger. And what I did, I used the idea and almost made a parody on the human centipede films itself." As Full Sequence was intended to make First Sequence look like My Little Pony in comparison, Final Sequence was intended to make Full Sequence resemble a Disney film. Aargh.

ellauri065.html on line 206: Not surprisingly, The Human Centipede (Final Sequence) was nominated for two Golden Raspberry Awards in the categories of "Worst Director" and "Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-Off, or Sequel", respectively.

ellauri065.html on line 208: A number of parodies of the film have been made. A pornographic parody, directed by Lee Roy Myers and titled The Human Sexipede, was released in September 2010.[107] It starred Tom Byron as Heiter, who joined three people mouth-to-genitals.

ellauri065.html on line 209:  In January 2016, Tom Six revealed on Twitter that production of a graphic novel adaptation of The Human Centipede was underway, along with posting an image of a test printed copy.

ellauri065.html on line 228:   Finding himself out of work after film school in 1976, Ferrara directed a pornographic film, 9 Lives of a Wet Pussy, using a pseudonym. Starring with his then-girlfriend, he recalled having to step in front of the camera for one scene to perform in a hardcore sex scene: "It's bad enough paying a guy $200 to fuck your girlfriend, then he can't get it up." Ferrara lives in Rome, Italy. He moved there following the 9/11 attacks because it was easier for him to find financing for his movies in Europe. Ferrara descibes himself as a Buddhist. Because Jesus was a living man, and so were Buddha and Muhammad. These three guys changed the fucking world, with their passion and love of other human beings. All these guys had was their word, and they came from fucking nowhere. I’m not saying Nazareth is nowhere – I’m sure Jesus came from a very cool neighbourhood. Ferrara shows his love for other human beings by making films with a lot of FUCK! FUCK! and KILL! KILL! in them. His love of money is no match for his love of his neighbor primates.

ellauri065.html on line 479: Cangaço (Portuguese pronunciation: [kɐ̃ˈɡasu]) was the banditism phenomenon of Northeast Brazil in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This region of Brazil is known for its aridness and hard way of life, and in a form of "social banditry" against the government, many men and women decided to become nomadic bandits, roaming the hinterlands seeking money, food and revenge.

ellauri065.html on line 482: "Captain" Virgulino Ferreira da Silva (Brazilian Portuguese: [viʁɡulĩnu feˈʁejɾɐ da ˈsiwvɐ]), better known as Lampião (older spelling: Lampeão, Portuguese pronunciation: [lɐ̃piˈɐ̃w], meaning "lantern" or "oil lamp"), was probably the twentieth century's most successful traditional bandit leader. The banditry endemic to the Brazilian Northeast was called Cangaço. Cangaço had origins in the late 19th century but was particularly prevalent in the 1920s and 1930s. Lampião led a band of up to 100 cangaceiros, who occasionally took over small towns and who fought a number of successful actions against paramilitary police when heavily outnumbered. Lampião's exploits and reputation turned him into a folk hero, the Brazilian equivalent of Jesse James or Pancho Villa.

ellauri065.html on line 494: ponzi Ponzi scheme (/ˈpɒnzi/, Italian: [ˈpontsi]; also a Ponzi game) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. The Ponzi scheme was also previously described in novels; Charles Dickens´ 1844 novel Martin Chuzzlewit and his 1857 novel Little Dorrit both feature such a scheme. Mä puhuin Kouvolassa pyramiidiskeemasta, kaikki talouspeikot ja yrittäjät oli noloina. EI SAA SANOA!

ellauri065.html on line 511:     Puuki: a gaming web personality who was the most successful Pokemon Go / mobile gamer of Germany between 2015 and 2017. Before Fame. He was a typical student before he started doing social media. Trivia. In addition to mobile gaming content, he posts vlogs and lifestyle content for more than 1 million subscribers. Family Life.

ellauri065.html on line 513: ebin: sometimes spelled "epin", is an intentional misspelling of the word "epic" which is often associated with the character Spurdo Spärde and ironic meme culture. According to Encyclopedia Dramatica, the term "epin" was coined as a shortened form of the phrase epic win in June 2009 on 4chan´s /b/ (random) board, where it was spammed repeatedly and accused of being a forced meme. On June 7th, several Urban Dictionary definitions for "epin" were submitted. According to the s4s Wiki, the term "ebin" was subsequently coined as a Spurdo Spärde-style misspelling of epin on the Finnish image board Kuvalauta to avoid bans for posting the word "epic." Derived senses:

ellauri065.html on line 527: Spurdo Spärde: a poorly drawn character based on the sprite image of Pedobear. It was originally conceived in the Finnish imageboard Kuvalauta to mock the newcomers who often flooded the site with hackneyed reposts, one of the main materials being images of Pedobear. The character is coarsely drawn on purpose and accompanied by captions that are misspelled and stylized in all cap.

ellauri065.html on line 528: The meme was born in late 2008 when an administrator of the Finnish gaming forum Jonneweb posted several links redirecting to the Finnish imageboard Kuvalauta. Due to Jonneweb´s reputation as an online hub for (pre)teenagers, some members of Kuvalauta became concerned that the imageboard would be overrun with unoriginal content by an influx of newcomers, a phenomenon commonly known as "newfaggotry" on the English-speaking web. The Jonneweb administrator referred to Kuvalauta as a "forum where you discuss about fish and bears" and thus the world-wide Pedo bear meme was considered to be posted particularly by Jonneweb users. The combination of pre-teenager Jonnes and the Pedo bear meme took a great evolution in 2009 when the users of Kuvalauta started to post ironically as Jonnes by capsing the text, representing as underage school kids and adding typoes on text. On December 6th, 2009, a thread with poorly drawn versions of Pedobear was posted onto Kuvalauta.

ellauri065.html on line 568:     29.10.2009 deus vult: (Latin: 'God wills it') is a Latin Catholic motto associated with the Crusades. It was first chanted during the First Crusade in 1096 as a rallying cry, most likely under the form Deus le volt or Deus lo vult, as reported by the Gesta Francorum (ca. 1100) and the Historia Belli Sacri (ca. 1130).. In modern times, the motto has different meanings depending on the context. The First Crusade was initiated in 1095 when Pope Urban II called on warriors to help the Byzantine Empire retake Anatolia form the Seljuq Turks.

ellauri065.html on line 576: 
 A relatively small team of perhaps 50 people or fewer was led by a smaller cadre which probably included several lawyers and most definitely included tech experts. The smaller cadre formed some time around the impeachment and carefully recruited point people over the course of the following months. Working like terror cells, they would need to keep point people unaware of who else was in on the conspiracy, to protect plausible deniability as much as possible. They had to have at least one conspirator in the elections offices of key swing states. It wouldn’t need to be a high-profile elected official, and would no doubt be better if it were some nameless person that few people noticed or would suspect. 

ellauri065.html on line 577: 
 The fact that I am writing about this shows that this was not the perfect crime. The conspiracy was exposed though the conspirators have yet to be caught. My hunch is that it was a small group of colluders who tried to dupe many innocent people. A small size would explain why there are so many eyewitnesses who reported the signs of conspiracy, but we have yet to hear from a whistleblower who admits to being part of the plot. Being the middle or rear part of a human centipede makes whistling kinda hard. 

ellauri066.html on line 366: To shorten a long story of searching for sources: the essay ‘The Control System of the V-2’ by Otto Müller includes an ‘equation for control in yaw’ (Müller, 1957: 90), and in exactly the same notation as Gravity’s Rainbow’s equation ‘describ[ing] motion under the aspect of yaw control’ (GR 284). We can conclude that this is the searched-for template for Pynchon’s Second Equation (see appendix, Figure 8). Müller’s paper is part of History of German Guided Missiles Development by Theodor Benecke and August W. Quick, published in 1957, which is based on the First Guided Missiles Seminar in Munich that took place a year earlier. The seminar was organised by the American Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research and Development (AGARD) to collect information about the V-2 from German scientists and engineers to use in American research on guided missiles. Pynchon might have had access to this book and further material on rocketry in the Boeing Company for which he worked as a technical writer in the early 1960s.

ellauri066.html on line 368: Moore’s intuition that Pynchon’s Second Equation is real proved to be correct, and he and his colleague correctly assign the angle ϕ to the orientational range of the rocket. But since they did not know that this formula is only one in a set of equations that describe the flight path, the orientation, and the steering of the V-2, the research team was misled in their interpretation of the other parameters and terms. With Müller’s paper, we can finally determine the meaning of each term and compare these with Pynchon’s reading. The first three terms refer, respectively, to the moments of inertia, of air resistance, and of lateral air impact when the rocket yaws, and the term on the right side of the equal sign represents the steering moment of the rudders (Müller, 1957: 90, 91; Kirschstein, 1951: 73, 74). In other words, the left-hand terms describe the orientation of the rocket during flight, which is influenced by external forces such as wind currents and air resistance.

ellauri066.html on line 474: The word is mentioned in some early dictionaries, but there is little or no evidence of actual usage until it was picked up by various "interesting word" websites around the turn of the millennium.

ellauri066.html on line 482: C.S. Lewis (1933) The Pilgrim's Regress: “'Our father was married twice,' continued Humanist. 'Once to a lady named Epichaerecacia, and afterwords to Euphuia.

ellauri066.html on line 492: The German word was first mentioned in English texts in 1852 and 1867, and first used in English running text in 1895. In German, it was first attested in the 1740s. Sakemannit oli vahingoniloisia paremmin kolonialisoiville naapureille.

ellauri066.html on line 530: Researchers expected that the brain's empathy center of subjects would show more stimulation when those seen as "good" got an electric shock, than would occur if the shock was given to someone the subject had reason to consider "bad". This was indeed the case, but for male subjects, the brain's pleasure centers also lit up when someone got a shock that the male thought was "well-deserved".

ellauri066.html on line 675: As Sweden’s death count spiralled last spring at one of the highest global rates, this once faceless scientist was accused of creating a “pariah state”.

ellauri066.html on line 683: Yet when I met Tegnell, 64, in the capital Stockholm he was being lauded as if he was the fifth member of Abba. T-shirts proclaiming — in the style of the Carlsberg adverts — “Tegnell, probably the best state epidemiologist in the world” are best-sellers.

ellauri066.html on line 711: Gatherings of more than 50 were banned but Swedish schools for under-16s, restaurants, bars, gyms and hairdressers all stayed open. Tegnell said shutting borders was “ridiculous” and that there is “very little evidence” masks are effective.

ellauri066.html on line 750: Critics say this alone is evidence that Sweden’s strategy was wrong.

ellauri066.html on line 897: "I have conferred with high command in the U.S., Brazil and Kenya. I think it will be like a severe influenza rate, death toll on the order of 0.1%.” (A study by the Swedish public health-agency later found that the rate was at least six times higher in Stockholm.)

ellauri066.html on line 902: On March 16th, scientists at Imperial College London published a paper, based on an epidemiological model, predicting that, unless some form of lockdown was imposed, more than five hundred thousand Brits would die from preventable COVID-19 infections. A week later, the Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, announced that his government would be closing schools, bars, and restaurants, falling in step with the rest of Europe. “It was slightly frustrating,” Tegnell told me, when I spoke to him, in August. “We were really hoping we could take us through this crisis together.”

ellauri066.html on line 905: “It just kept adding up,” Tegnell said. “I mean, you’re always kind of hopeful and think that, O.K., this is something that’s going to pass over.” Soon, the per-capita death toll was among the highest in Europe.

ellauri066.html on line 906: Tegnell told me that the death toll weighed on him. “I think this was a big frustration and feeling of failure for us,” he said. But he remained steadfast, often saying, in interviews, “Judge me in a year.”

ellauri066.html on line 908: Joku irakilainen suht kermaperseinen perhe peukutti Tegnelliä, I guess I'm quite integrated to Sweden. Sit kaikki sairastu covidiin ja sano toisilleen hyvästejä huoneesta toiseen FaceTimessa. (Huom niillä sentään oli monta huonetta kuten isällämme taivaassa. Sevverran integroituneita.) My dad was very happy & died 16h later. Meni edeltä petaamaan muille sänkyjä.

ellauri066.html on line 912: Nanaz Fassih, another hairy arms, a fifty-two-year-old pediatric nurse, was skeptical of the Swedish response from the beginning; she tried to wear a mask to work in hospitals and clinics, but was told that this was not allowed. (Today, masks are more commonly allowed in Swedish hospitals.)

ellauri066.html on line 914: “I think we are reasonably optimistic,” Tegnell said last August. “Our prognosis is, No, we don’t really see a huge second wave coming on.” This did not last. By December, cases and hospitalizations were higher than they’d been since the earliest days of the pandemic. Intensive-care units in Stockholm and Malmö, the country’s third biggest city, were full. “It was just this development we did not want to see,” Björn Eriksson, Stockholm’s director of health and medical care, said during a press conference.

ellauri066.html on line 936: Almost exactly a year from the pandemic’s start, Tegnell said that he believes people should still hold off on judging his policies. “The pandemic is not over,” he said. “Any kind of final review on what’s been good and what’s been bad still awaits us.” Thats what the guys in Nuremberg said: hold your horses, this was supposed to be a 1000-year Reich. Don't blame us on what were only meant as initial experiments.

ellauri067.html on line 152: Von Braun had a charismatic personality and was known as a ladies´ man. As a student in Berlin, he would often be seen in the evenings in the company of two girlfriends at once. Mom did not approve of roturiers. She had better things in mind.

ellauri067.html on line 154: During his stay at Fort Bliss, von Braun proposed marriage to Maria Luise von Quistorp (born June 10, 1928), his maternal first cousin, in a letter to his father. He married her in a Lutheran church in Landshut, Germany on 1 March 1947, having received permission to go back to Germany and return with his bride. He was 35 and his new bride was 18. Shortly after, he became an evangelical Christian. He returned to New York on 26 March 1947, with his wife, father, and mother. On 8 December 1948, the von Brauns´ first daughter Iris Careen was born at Fort Bliss Army Hospital.

ellauri067.html on line 158: von Braun's use of forced labor at Mittelwerk intensified again in 1984 when Arthur Rudolph, one of his top affiliates from the A-4/V2 through the Apollo projects, left the United States and was forced to renounce his citizenship in place of the alternative of being tried for war crimes.

ellauri067.html on line 241: Harold Bloom was an American literary critic and the Sterling Professor of Humanities at Yale University. Since the publication of his first book in 1959, Bloom has written more than forty books of literary criticism, several books discussing religion, and one novel. He edited hundreds of anthologies.

ellauri067.html on line 297:     Thomas Hooker (July 5, 1586 – July 7, 1647) was a prominent Puritan colonial leader, who founded the Colony of Connecticut after dissenting with Puritan leaders in Massachusetts.

ellauri067.html on line 298:     Called today "the Father of Connecticut", Rev. Thomas Hooker was a towering figure in the early development of colonial New England. He was one of the great preachers of his time, an erudite writer on Christian subjects, the first minister of Cambridge, Massachusetts, one of the first settlers and founders of both the city of Hartford and the state of Connecticut.

ellauri067.html on line 311: Kilroy was here. Tätä pärstää piirtelivät jenkkisotilaat viime maailmansodassa, jonkinlainen graffiti. Apu-lehti otti naaman käyttöön nimellä Missä Jallu luuraa. Niitä piti eziä lehdestä 3kpl voittaaxensa jonkun palkinnon.

ellauri067.html on line 313: was-here2.jpg" height="200px" />

ellauri067.html on line 318: “A market needed no longer be run by the Invisible Hand, but now could create itself—its own logic, momentum, style, from inside. Putting the control inside was ratifying what de facto had happened— that you had dispensed with God. But you had taken on a greater, and more harmful, illusion. The illusion of control. That A could do B. But that was false. Completely. No one can do. Things only happen, A and B are unreal, are names for parts that ought to be inseparable. …”

ellauri067.html on line 343:     Vina Fay Wray: (September 15, 1907 – August 8, 2004) was a Canadian-born American actress best remembered for starring as Ann Darrow in the 1933 film King Kong. Through an acting career that spanned nearly six decades, Wray attained international recognition as an actress in horror films. She has been dubbed one of the early "scream queens".

ellauri067.html on line 347:     Hererot oli ne saku Lotharin nitistämät notmiit Namibiassa, josta oli Jatkosota-extrassa. Pynchon puhuu hyvinkin rumasti neekereistä ja haaveilee niiden kanssa pyllyhommista. Sen se on näkönenkin kyllä. mba rara m´eroto ondyoze ... mbe mu munine m´oruroto ayo u n´omuinyo:  "he was shining in my dream as if he were alive". Otyikondo: "bastard" or "mulatto". outase: "large, newly laid cow turd". Shufflin´ Sam oli peli, jossa yritetään ampua neekeri ennenkuin tämä ehtii aidan yli varastamansa vesimelonin kanssa (s.719). Todellinen haaste kaikenikäisten tyttöjen ja poikien reflexeille. I can´t breathe, vikisee Shufflin´ Sam. Varo, se vaan teeskentelee. Meinaan tehdä yhdestä semmoisesta perkeleestä pesukarhulakin, eikä varmaan tarvize selittää mikä osa roikkuu takaraivolla, häh? (s. 722) Luutaa kummempaa kapinetta ei nekrujen käteen tarvize antaa.

ellauri067.html on line 356:     Rózsavölgyi: István (30 March 1929  – 27 January 2012) was a Hungarian athlete who competed mainly in the 1500 metres. Rózsavölgyi was born in Budapest. One of the star pupils of Mihály Iglói, he entered the 1956 Summer Olympics held in Melbourne, Australia as the world record holder over 1000 metres, 1500 metres and 2000 metres and was expected to be a leading contender for the 1500 metres Olympic gold. However, outside circumstances shook the spirit of team Hungary. Sándor Iharos, another superstar, was absent. Back home, the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 had just been quashed by the Soviet army. Rózsavölgyi failed to even make the final.  On saatavana myös sennimistä suklaata, Rózsavölgyi Csokoládé. Our website offers cookies.

ellauri067.html on line 386: Hop Harrigan (also known as The Guardian Angel and Black Lamp) is a fictional character published by All-American Publications. He appeared in American comic books, radio serials and film serials. He was created by Jon Blummer, andwas a popular hero originally through the 1940s, during the events of World War II.

ellauri067.html on line 422: Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing (1840–1902; full name Richard Fridolin Joseph Freiherr Krafft von Festenberg auf Frohnberg, genannt von Ebing) was an Austro–German psychiatrist and author of the foundational work Psychopathia Sexualis (1886). He died in Graz in 1902. He was recognized as an authority on deviant sexual behavior and its medicolegal aspects. Krafft-Ebing´s principal work is Psychopathia Sexualis: eine Klinisch-Forensische Studie (Sexual Psychopathy: A Clinical-Forensic Study), which was first published in 1886 and expanded in subsequent editions. The last edition from the hand of the author (the twelfth) contained a total of 238 case histories of human sexual behaviour. Translations of various editions of this book introduced to English such terms as "sadist" (derived from the brutal sexual practices depicted in the novels of the Marquis de Sade), "masochist", (derived from the name of Leopold von Sacher-Masoch), "homosexuality", "bisexuality", "necrophilia", and "anilingus".

ellauri067.html on line 424:     Krafft-Ebing considered procreation the purpose of sexual desire and that any form of recreational sex was a perversion of the sex drive. "With opportunity for the natural satisfaction of the sexual instinct, every expression of it that does not correspond with the purpose of nature—i.e., propagation,—must be regarded as perverse."

ellauri067.html on line 428:     Freud´s didactic strategy in his Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality was to construct a bridge between the "perversions" and "normal" sexuality. Clinically exploring "a richly diversified collection of erotic endowments and inclinations: hermaphroditism, pedophilia, sodomy, fetishism, exhibitionism, sadism, masochism, coprophilia, necrophilia" among them, Freud concluded that "all humans are innately perverse". He found the roots of such perversions in infantile sexuality—in the child´s "polymorphously perverse" inclinations ... the "aptitude" for such perversity is innate.

ellauri067.html on line 439: How much, or how little influence drugs, particularly hallucigenic drugs like lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD, had on Pynchon’s narrative is unknown. If Siegel, however, is to be believed, and he should be despite any resentment he felt regarding Pynchon’s affair with his wife, then the writing of Gravity’s Rainbow was heavily influenced by drugs. In Pynchon’s most famous quote regarding this particular novel, which is notoriously difficult to interpret, he is alleged to have told Siegel,

ellauri067.html on line 441: “I was so fucked up while I was writing it . . . that now I go back over some of those sequences and I can’t figure out what I could have meant.”

ellauri067.html on line 448: Imipolex, in addition to being a pun (imitation pole: Last year an imitation pole that claimed to have a load rating of 300kgs snapped mid-performance. The pole dancer was severely injured and may never walk again because she fractured her pelvis & spine), "obviously" stems from a combination of "imido" with a near-reversal of "explode".

ellauri067.html on line 457: Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson was criticized this week after claiming on Christmas Eve that Rudolph, the fictional red-nosed reindeer who leads Santa Claus’s sleigh, has been “misgendered.”       

ellauri067.html on line 461: He continued, “So Santa´s reindeer, which all sport antlers, are therefore all female, which means Rudolf has been misgendered.”  Tyson’s message triggered swift criticism, which included accusations that Tyson was “ruining things that are supposed to be fun.” “Why ruin this magic for children with your reddit-tier haha i’m so smart bulls***, this isn’t funny, you aren’t clever, and nobody cares, let them have this magic in their lives, you sound like an adolescent,” another person said. “They’re magic reindeer a**hole. The normal rules don’t apply. Quit trying to s*** on Christmas,” one person replied.

ellauri067.html on line 463:   tannäuserism: In a note to 3.2 of Gravity´s Rainbow, Heseburger explains Pynchon´s use of the word "Tannhäuserism" as follows: The tragic error of Tannhäuser — for example, in Richard Wagner´s operatic version of the myth — was to postpone his quest in order to linger for one year of sensual, "mindless pleasure" with the goddess Venus under her mountain called Venusberg. Vai onko se Brocken, Jaakon ja Jöötin mainizema Kyöpelinvuori Harzissa? On 11 April, American forces liberated the camps at Buchenwald, near Weimar, and the V2 rocket slave-labour camp at Nordhausen in the Harz Mountains. Ryssät eivät päässeet lähellekään. Jenkeillä oli vitun kiire kahmimaan izelleen ne raketit. Ja siitä vasta iso piru pääsi merrasta.

ellauri067.html on line 467:   Franz von Bayros (28 May 1866 – 3 April 1924) was an Austrian commercial artist, illustrator, and painter, best known for his controversial Tales at the Dressing Table portfolio. He belonged to the Decadent movement in art, often utilizing erotic themes and phantasmagoric imagery. His work can be found at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. He drew over 2000 illustrations in total. Bayros piirsi eri paljon porsliinipilluja. Sanalla sanoen, pornokuvia. 

ellauri067.html on line 471: In 1892, J.P. Morgan arranged the merger of Edison Electric and Thomson-Houston Electric Company to form General Electric. Since Morgan was the majority shareholder in Edison Electric he did not need Edison´s permission to agree to the merger.

ellauri067.html on line 472: J. P. Morgan saw the writing on the wall, that Edison was losing ground to Westinghouse, and the newly formed General Electric was formed to take on Westinghouse in the head to head battle to develop AC power distribution systems.

ellauri067.html on line 473: The first residential house in America to be electrified was J.P. Morgan’s. The work was done by Thomas Edison. So how did Morgan say thanks to the guy who gave him the first home in America with electricity? He screwed Thomas Edison out of his own company. Welcome to the game of 1890s venture capital.

ellauri067.html on line 474: There is no doubt that J.P. Morgan was a cut throat banker, by today´s standards some would call him a loan shark.  Woku oli GE:llä töissä 70-luvulla. Ajeli vanhoja jenkkiautorämiä pino vuotavia renkaita takaluukussa.

ellauri067.html on line 493:     Book reviewers have a long history of attacking Pynchon for his flat characters. Roger and Jessica are susceptible to this criticism. Neither is given much of a history. We don’t know where they grew up or who their parents were. This is one of the great failings of... what to call it? "middlebrow" is antiquated... anyway, a very common kind of criticism (common in the Anglo-American world, anyway), and it affects how authors write (which is one reason I read mainly Russian literature these days). I don't need to know "where they grew up or who their parents were" and I don't much care, unless, of course, you write about it brilliantly because that´s truly what you want to focus on, as opposed to "welp, better provide a plausible background for my characters so the reader will believe they're behaving this way." Just write good sentences in a good and surprising order. Two people have fallen out of love? I don't care if it's because one of them has mommy issues or the other was bullied as a child—people fall out of love all the time, for any reason or none, just tell me what they do about it, and in language that makes me want to keep reading! Teoxet on tärkeät, vähät elämästä. En jaxa luontokuvauxia, hyppään ne heti yli.

ellauri067.html on line 500: ...The first piece to provide substantial information about Pynchon´s personal life was a biographical account written by a former Cornell University friend, Jules Siegel, and published in Playboy magazine. In his article, Siegel reveals that Pynchon had a complex about his teeth and underwent extensive and painful reconstructive surgery, was nicknamed "Tom" at Cornell and attended Mass diligently, acted as best man at Siegel's wedding, and that he later also had an affair with Siegel's wife. Siegel recalls Pynchon saying he did attend some of Vladimir Nabokov's lectures at Cornell but that he could hardly make out what Nabokov was saying because of his thick Russian accent. Siegel also records Pynchon's commenting: "Every weirdo in the world is on my wavelength", an observation borne out by the crankiness and zealotry that has attached itself to his name and work in subsequent years.

ellauri067.html on line 530: In the Mid. Dutch poem of Lantslot ende Sandrii), a knight says to his maiden : ic heb u liever dan en everswin, al waert van finen goude gkewrackt, I hold you dearer than a boar- swine, all were it of fine gold y-wrought ; were they still in the habit of making gold jewels in the shape of boars ? at least the remembrance of such a thing was not yet lost.

ellauri067.html on line 545:     "This same secret knowledge is what I craved as a young student, believing that there was a meaning to the world beyond all our everyday transactions."

ellauri067.html on line 560:     "I thought I was sophisticating the Beat spirit with secondhand science", said Pynchon. Which stands as a pretty good description of some of his novels, too.

ellauri067.html on line 566: "his batman, a Corporal Wayne" [Batman's "real-world" identity was Bruce Wayne], 11; comicbook fangs, 21; Sir Denis Nayland Smith, 83, 277-78, 592, 631, 751; Hop Harrigan, Tank Tinker, 117; "old-fashioned comical room" 122; Dumbo, 135; Donald Duck, 146; Hansel and Gretel, 174; "comic-book colors" 186; "paint FUCK YOU in a balloon coming out the mouth of one of those little pink shepherdesses" 203; Plasticman, 206, 314, 331, 752; "he passes into a bickering of canary-yellow Borsalini, corksoled comicbook shoes with enormous round toes" 254; "this cartoon here" 263; "a Sunday-funnies dawn" 295; Rocketman, 366, 376, 379, 436, 512, 596; Captain Midnight Show, 375; Green Hornet, 376; "the only beings who can violate their space are safely caught and paralyzed in comic books" 379; Mickey Mouse, 392; Sundial, 472; Wilhelm Busch (cartoonist), 501; Porky Pig, 545; "comic technocracy" 579; "comic-book cats dogs and mice" 586; Bugs Bunny, 592; "comicbook-orange chunks of island" 634; Porky Pig tattoo, 638 (on Osbie Feel's stomach), 711 (on André Omnopon´s stomach); Robin Hood, 664; Mary Marvel, Wonder Woman, 676; comic-book Kamikazes, 680; "down comes a comic-book guillotine on one black & white politician" 687; Crime Does Not Pay, 709; Superman, 751; The Lone Ranger & Tonto, 752; Philip Marlowe, 752; Submariner, 752; Jimmy Olson, 752; See also Byron the Bulb; Floundering Four; Komical Kamikazes; Plasticman; film/cinema references.

ellauri067.html on line 577: Prokosch was born in Madison, Wisconsin, into an intellectual family that travelled widely. His father, Eduard Prokosch, an Austrian immigrant, was Professor of Germanic Languages at Yale University at the time of his death in 1938. Prokosch was graduated from Haverford College in 1925 and received a Ph.D. in English in 1932 from Yale University. In his youth, he was an accomplished squash racquets player; he represented the Yale Club in the 1937 New York State squash racquets championship. He won the squash-racquets championship of France in 1938.

ellauri067.html on line 579: During World War II, Prokosch was a cultural attaché at the American Legation in Sweden. He spent most of the remainder of his life in Europe, where he led a peripatetic existence. His interests were sports (tennis and squash), lepidoptery, and the printing of limited editions of poems that he admired.

ellauri067.html on line 583: The publication of Voices: A Memoir in 1983, advertised as a record of his encounters with some of the century´s leading artists and writers, returned Prokosch to the limelight. His early novels The Asiatics and The Seven Who Fled were reissued to much public acclaim. In 2010, Voices was shown to be almost wholly fictitious and part of an enormous hoax.  

ellauri067.html on line 606:   Come Josephine In My Flying Machine is a popular song with music by Fred Fisher and lyrics by Alfred Bryan. First published in 1910, the composition was originally recorded by Blanche Ring and was, for a time, her signature song. Ada Jones and Billy Murray recorded a duet in November 1910, which was released the following year. There have been many subsequent recordings of the pop standard.

ellauri067.html on line 608: A Hot Time in the Old Town, also titled as "There’ll Be a Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight", is an American popular song, copyrighted and perhaps composed in 1896 by Theodore August Metz with lyrics by Joe Hayden. Metz was the band leader of the McIntyre and Heath Minstrels. The song was a favorite of the American military around the start of the 20th century, particularly during the Spanish–American War and the Boxer Rebellion. The tune became popular in the military after it was used as a theme by Teddy Roosevelt´s Rough Riders.

ellauri069.html on line 40: Postmodernism is the Swiss Army knife of critical concepts. It’s definitionally overloaded, and it can do almost any job you need done. This is partly because, like many terms that begin with “post,” it is fundamentally ambidextrous. Postmodernism can mean, “We’re all modernists now. Modernism has won.” Or it can mean, “No one can be a modernist anymore. Modernism is over.” People who use “postmodernism” in the first, “mission accomplished,” sense believe that modernism—the art and literature associated with figures like Picasso and Joyce—changed the game completely, and that everyone is still working through the consequences. Modernism is the song that never ends. Being postmodernist just means that we can never be pre-modernist again. People who use it in the second sense, as the epitaph for modernism, think that, somewhere along the line, there was a break with the assumptions, practices, and ambitions of modernist art and literature, and that everyone since then is (or ought to be) on to something very different. Being postmodernist means that we can never be modernist again.

ellauri069.html on line 42: Modern art didn’t abandon the world, but it made art-making part of the subject matter of art. When (in the second account) did a break occur? It happened when artists and intellectuals stopped respecting a bright-line distinction between high art and commercial culture. Modernist art and literature, in this version of the story, depended on that distinction to give its products critical authority. Modernism was formally difficult and intellectually challenging. Its thrills were not cheap. But there were cheap thrills out there, a vast and growing mass of products manufactured to stroke the senses and flatter the self-images of their consumers. This bubble-gum culture wasn’t just averse to the spirit of high art. It was high art’s reason for being.

ellauri069.html on line 44: What killed the distinction wasn’t defining pop art up. It was defining high art down. It was the recognition that serious art, too, is produced and consumed in a marketplace.

ellauri069.html on line 54: Barthelme was a Texan. He grew up in Houston, where his father, also named Donald, was a prominent local architect. Donald the writer was the first of five children. Four were boys, and three of them became professional writers.

ellauri069.html on line 56: The one who kept them all on guard was the father, and he seems to have been a piece of work. Donald, Sr., had studied architecture at Penn, and he was a committed modernist, an acolyte of Setä Mies, Le Corbusier, Saara Aalto, and Esa Saarinen. He designed his own home, including the interiors, and if he couldn’t find something that suited his taste—a rug or a piece of furniture—he manufactured it himself.

ellauri069.html on line 58: “Our father was very good at ridicule,” Frederick and Steven report. Äidistä ei midiä. 

ellauri069.html on line 59: Barthelmes were Catholics; some lapsed, some not, and then to the University of Houston, where his father was a professor in the architecture department, but from which he dropped out.

ellauri069.html on line 61: An uncompromising temper appears to have limited the father’s career as an architect. The brothers describe a scene in which their father picks up an LP record that says “unbreakable” on the label and breaks it in two. “Not unbreakable,” he says. That might be a little scary for kids to watch. Frederick and Steven thought that he was an ingenious man, but they found him fascinatingly difficult to care for in his old age.

ellauri069.html on line 67:     Their memoir is an attempt to understand their gambling obsession as a way of coping with guilt over his death. “The addiction to gambling, with the unsuccessful struggles to break the habit and the opportunities it affords for self-punishment, is a repetition of the compulsion to masturbate,” Freud says in “Dostoevsky and Parricide”; “the relation between efforts to suppress it and fear of the father are too well known to need more than a mention.” No one believes Freud anymore, of course.  A great deal of his writing is, at one level of explicitness or another, about the authority of fathers and the struggle for autonomy. (And Barthelme was a close reader of Freud.)

ellauri069.html on line 71: He was an adept of irony and deflection in person as well as on the page, a lonely and, at some level, unhappy man who needed humor and companionship. But he had, his friend Pynchon told Daugherty, “a hopeful and unbitter heart.” Women seem to have found him easy to like. He married four times and had at least two long-term relationships between the marriages. He was dependent on alcohol, and he was dependent on work. He wrote every morning and had his first drink around noon.

ellauri069.html on line 78: What was he doing? Daugherty is right to claim that Barthelme conceived of himself as an heir of the modernist tradition—in particular, of Beckett. He encountered Beckett’s work for the first time in 1956, when he picked up a copy of Theatre Arts at Guy’s Newsstand, in Houston, and read the text of “Waiting for Godot.” “It seemed that from the day he discovered ‘Godot,’ Don believed he could write the fiction he imagined,” the woman who was his wife at the time, Helen Moore Barthelme, says in her memoir, “Donald Barthelme: The Genesis of a Cool Sound” (2001).

ellauri069.html on line 89: Barthelme believed himself to be working in the tradition of Joyce and Samuel Beckett, and that his appropriation of popular, commercial, and other sub-artistic elements (instruction manuals, travel guides, advertisements, sentences from newspaper articles, and so on) in his writing was done as a means of making literature, not subverting it or announcing its obsolescence. Daugherty thinks that many people have got Barthelme wrong.

ellauri069.html on line 93: It can certainly look, in short, as though Barthelme, like Warhol, were simply dropping the question of whether something counts as literature or not, since markers of the literary are impossible to find in his writing. The high-art traditionalist has no place to hang his beret. Daugherty’s purpose is to convince us that this was not Barthelme’s intention.

ellauri069.html on line 97: The visual artist can deal with almost every kind of material, even sound, but the writer deals with only one kind of material: sentences. The solution, therefore, was to treat sentences as though they were found objects.

ellauri069.html on line 111: He also believed that one of the things deadening our responses was mass culture. “I believe that’s the place artists are trying to get to, and I further believe that when they are successful, they reach it... an area somewhere probably between mathematics and religion, in which what may fairly be called truth exists.” He was an enemy of television. He was a serious jazz buff. It took him a while to become interested in rock. Daugherty is right. He was a postmodernist in the first sense.

ellauri069.html on line 120: He thought S. J. Perelman was a genius. Perelman, sadly, did not think much of Barthelme’s work.

ellauri069.html on line 127: Sidney Joseph "S.J." Perelman (February 1, 1904 – October 17, 1979) was an American humorist and screenwriter. He is best known for his humorous short pieces written over many years for The New Yorker. He also wrote for several other magazines, including Jude, as well as books, scripts, and screenplays. Perelman received an Academy Award for screenwriting in 1956.

ellauri069.html on line 142: An English illustrator, Beardsley is known for his (often erotically charged) illustrations for Oscar Wilde's Salome, Alexander Pope's Rape of the Lock and other black-and-white works. Along with Oscar Wilde, he was considered a leader of "The Decadents" of the 1890s; 71; 634; Wikipedia entry.

ellauri069.html on line 159: Disney, Walt: was a leading force behind the anti-communist movement in Hollywood in the 1940s.

ellauri069.html on line 162: 657; American dancer who was among the first to raise interpretive dance to the status of creative art, incorporating classical, particularly Greek, mythology, art and music. Not very successful in the United States, she took her new style of performance to Europe where it was greeted enthusiastically. She was strangled when her long scarf became entangled in the wheels of a car.

ellauri069.html on line 172:       Gene Krupa: Eugene Bertram Krupa, Born:January 15, 1909, Chicago, Illinois, U.S., Died:October 16, 1973, Yonkers, New York, U.S. was an American jazz drummer, band leader and composer known for his energetic style and showmanship. His drum solo on "Sing, Sing, Sing" elevated the role of the drummer from an accompanying line to an important solo voice in the band.

ellauri069.html on line 178:       Hoagy Carmichael: Hoagland Howard " Hoagy " Carmichael (November 22, 1899 - December 27, 1981) was an American singer, songwriter, and actor. American composer and author Alec Wilder described Carmichael as the "most talented, inventive, sophisticated and jazz-oriented of all the great craftsmen" of pop songs in the first half of the 20th century.

ellauri069.html on line 201:       Béla Ferenc Dezső Blaskó (Hungarian: [ˈbeːlɒ ˈfɛrɛnt͡s ˈdɛʒøː ˈblɒʃkoː]; 20 October 1882 – 16 August 1956), known professionally as Bela Lugosi (/ləˈɡoʊsi/; Hungarian: [ˈluɡoʃi]), was a Hungarian-American actor best remembered for portraying Count Dracula in the 1931 film and for his roles in other horror films. Belasta tuli morfiiniaddikti ja se vajosi B-filmeistä Ö-mappiin. 5x naimisissa, tulos 1 poika.

ellauri069.html on line 203:       Gerard Swope (December 1, 1872 – November 20, 1957) was a U.S. electronics businessman. He served as the president of General Electric Company between 1922 and 1940, and again from 1942 until 1945. During this time Swope expanded GE's product offerings, reorienting GE toward consumer home appliances, and offering consumer credit services. Swope was born in St. Louis, Missouri, to Ida and Isaac Swope, Jewish immigrants from Germany. He graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1895.

ellauri069.html on line 222:     Richard Fariña, to whom Gravity's Rainbow is dedicated, was a good friend of Pynchon's when they were students at Cornell University in the 50s. In 1963, Farina married Mimi Baez, a folksinger and sister of Joan Baez. Although first married under the Napoleonic Code in a secret ceremony in Paris in the spring of 1963, they had an official marriage in Carmel, California, for the benefit of the Baez family. Pynchon was the best man for the Carmel ceremony, coming up from Mexico City where he was living and working on Gravity's Rainbow. In A Long Time Coming and a Long Time Gone, Farina's posthumously published collection of stories (Random House, 1969), Farina describes his and Pynchon's visit to the Monterey Fair. Richard and Mimi Farina formed a folk-music duo (Farina on guitar and Mimi on dulcimer, both singing) and released several albums in the 60s. Richard Farina was killed in a motorcycle crash following a book signing in Carmel for his newly published first (and only) novel, Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up To Me (Random House, 1966). You might want to visit this sweet website dedicated to the memory of Richard and Mimi (who died of cancer in 2001).

ellauri069.html on line 224: Fisk, Jubilee Jim (1834-1872) 285; Known popularly as the "Barnum of Wall Street" and "Jubilee Jim," Fisk was one of the most outrageous figures of the Gilded Age. The most notorious plot of Fisk's short career was the attempt to corner the gold market during 1868 and 1869. Fisk's and Jay Gould's effort collapsed when President U.S. Grant intervened to halt the Black Friday scandal. Fisk brazenly refused to honor his contracts, leaving thousands ruined.

ellauri069.html on line 255:   Hans Falladan kirjassa Kleiner Mann, was nun? on Johannes Pinneberg, der Pumm.

ellauri069.html on line 257:   German novelist Hermann Hesse (1877-1962), experiencing a crisis of the spirit, had psychoanalysis with J.B. Lang, a disciple of Carl Gustav Jung. His novel Demian (1919), which shows the influence of analysis, is about the character Demian (a classic "seeker") and his quest for self-awareness. Published during the troubled Weimar years, the novel was very popular and had a pervasive influence on the Germans. It also made Hesse famous.  

ellauri069.html on line 401: —the mission of Oberst Enzian, who is Tchitcherine’s Herero half-brother, one of a select company of Hereros who survived Germany’s genocide of their people to become rocket engineers during World War II; he was a bunk toy for Weissmann mentioned in the next bullet as a boy in black Africa;

ellauri069.html on line 457: A: I never thought I would live to see a time when Gravity’s Rainbow would be denigrated and dismissed for lacking sense. This book appeared when I was a freshman at university. It was immediately chosen as part of the reading list for a course in 20th century fiction in English and regarded as important, and it was expected that simple-minded undergraduates should be able to make a serious attempt to engage with the book using heart, faith, skill, and such intelligence as they possessed. As a result, I own a first edition. ;)

ellauri069.html on line 472: The book's pivot, the transition from Book III to Book IV, takes place on August 6, 1945, the day Hiroshima was bombed. The V2 rocket is now the precursor to the nuclear ICBM, and the final sections of the book -- the only parts set in contemporary times -- ask the same question of the contemporary reader, including quite directly on the last page: what do you think, what do you do, in those last moments before everything ends?

ellauri069.html on line 491: My engineer nerd friends insisted that I should read Gravity's Rainbow, since it was rich with near-poetic observations about engineering and math. It was also rich with military history, jargon, and Pynchonian bong-hit digressions.

ellauri069.html on line 493: Between 1987 and 2018, I made several runs at the book, but got inextricably bogged down in the prose, often giving up when the book did not yield easy rewards for the reader. I tried hard to let the reading “wash over me” but I always put the book down, never to pick it up again.

ellauri069.html on line 495: Recently, I got a subscription to Audible and picked up the George Guidall unabridged audiobook of this dense tome. Unabridged, the book took up 37 hours and 21 minutes. Over about 2 months of commutes and air travel, I finally “read” the book. And that will only be the FIRST reading. I probably absorbed maybe 25% of the meaning (generously) but at least got to hear the sections waxing poetic on calculus, aeronautical engineering, and the nature of creating things. There was also an unexpected amount of graphic sex and other wacky perversions, but I guess that was just a bonus.

ellauri069.html on line 572:       The Romance of Helen Trent was a radio soap opera which aired on CBS from October 30, 1933 to June 24, 1960 for a total of 7,222 episodes. The show was created by Frank and Anne Hummert, who were among the most prolific producers during the radio soap era. The program opened with:

ellauri069.html on line 580:       Stella Dallas is a 1937 American drama film based on the 1923 Olive Higgins Prouty novel of the same name. Stella Martin, the daughter of a mill worker, Charlie, in a post-World War I Massachusetts factory town, is determined to better herself. She sets her sights on mill executive Stephen Dallas and catches him at an emotionally vulnerable time. Stephen's father killed himself after losing his fortune. Penniless, Stephen disappeared from high society, intending to marry his fiancée, Helen Morrison, once he was financially able to support her. However, just as he reaches his goal, he reads in the newspaper the announcement of her wedding. So he marries Stella.

ellauri069.html on line 676: The most valuable of all Cracker Jack prizes are two sets of baseball cards together worth more than $125,000. Cracker Jack became part of the baseball pastime when the song "Take me out to the Ballgame" was written with the words "buy me some peanuts and Cracker Jack."

ellauri069.html on line 686: Ironically, kettle corn much pre-dates the original Cracker Jack, dating to at least the 18th century, when it’s mentioned in some Pennsylvania Dutch diaries. Cracker Jack was introduced in 1893, sold by brothers Fritz and Louis Rueckheim at the Chicago World’s Fair. The first packaged product was introduced in 1896.

ellauri069.html on line 696: Crackerjack is a 1938 British comedy crime film directed by Albert de Courville and starring Tom Walls, Lilli Palmer and Noel Madison. It was made at Pinewood Studios with sets designed by Walter Murton. The film was released in the U.S. as Man With 100 Faces. Plot:

ellauri069.html on line 725: Denis Nayland Smith (Earth-616) - Marvel Database. marvel.fandom.com › wiki › Denis_Nayl... History. Smith was Britain´s police commissioner in Burma when he first came across Fu Manchu. Along with his friend Dr.

ellauri069.html on line 766:     Hugh Rockoff suggested in 1990 that the novel was an allegory about the demonetization of silver in 1873, whereby “the cyclone that carried Dorothy to the Land of Oz represents the economic and political upheaval, the yellow brick road stands for the gold standard, and the silver shoes Dorothy inherits from the Wicked Witch of the East represents the pro-silver movement. When Dorothy is taken to the Emerald Palace before her audience with the Wizard she is led through seven passages and up three flights of stairs, a subtle reference to the Coinage Act of 1873 which started the class conflict in America.”

ellauri069.html on line 783:   Other putative allegorical devices of the book include the Wicked Witch of the West as a figure for the actual American West; if this is true, then the Winged Monkeys could represent another western danger: Indigenous peoples of the Americas. The King of the Winged Monkeys tells Dorothy, "Once we were a free people, living happily in the great forest, flying from tree to tree, eating nuts and fruit and doing just as we pleased without calling anybody master. ... This was many years ago, long before Oz came out of the clouds to rule over this land."

ellauri070.html on line 58: The Mendoza RM2 was a light machine gun similar to the M1918 BAR manufactured in Mexico by Productos Mendoza, S.A.. Rafael Mendoza have been producing machine guns for the Mexican Army since 1933 and all have been noted for their lightness, simplicity, ease of maintenance, and economic construction without sacrificing reliability.

ellauri070.html on line 80: Actor Tyrone Power was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. Power led a busy bisexual life in Hollywood and was involved with several men during his career.

ellauri070.html on line 81: We learn that Cole Porter was notoriously promiscuous and loved giving head to young Marines. Tyrone Power, also an ex-Marine, was bisexual but preferred male sexual partners.

ellauri070.html on line 83: However, a 2016 documentary came right out and stated that Grant was gay. The film, Women He's Undressed, about the three-time Academy Award winning costume designer Orry-Kelly, acknowledges Grant was in a gay relationship with the designer in the 1920s.

ellauri070.html on line 86: Audrey Hepburn is not related to Katherine Hepburn. It has been a persistent misconception since Audrey came to prominence in the 1950s. Katharine was the daughter of two wealthy Connecticut Americans; Audrey the daughter of Dutch nobility.

ellauri070.html on line 217: was sie an sich hat. Perlen des Leids und die feinen   			mitä on yllä ja alla. Tuskan helmiä juu ja verhona

ellauri070.html on line 315: Skippy is an American comic strip written and drawn by Percy Crosby that was published from 1923 to 1945. A highly popular, acclaimed and influential feature about rambunctious fifth-grader Skippy Skinner, his friends and his enemies, it was adapted into movies, a novel and a radio show. It was commemorated on a 1997 U.S. Postal Service stamp and was the basis for a wide range of merchandising—although perhaps the most well-known product bearing the Skippy name, Skippy peanut butter, used the name without Crosby´s authorization, leading to a protracted trademark conflict.

ellauri070.html on line 342: Their four "concentric" terms are derived from Ezekiel's vision (1:4), "And I looked and behold, a whirlwind came out of the north, a great cloud, and a fire infolding itself, and a brightness was about it..." The "Three Impure Qlippot" (completely Tamei "impure") are read in the first three terms, the intermediate "Shining Qlippah" (Nogah "brightness") is read in the fourth term, mediating as the first covering directly surrounding holiness, and capable of sublimation. In medieval Kabbalah, the Shekhinah is separated in Creation from the Sefirot by man´s sin, while in Lurianic Kabbalah Divinity is exiled in the qlippot from prior initial Catastrophe in Creation. This causes "Sparks of Holiness" to be exiled in the qlippot, Jewish Observance with physical objects redeeming mundane Nogah, while the Three Impure Qlippot are elevated indirectly through Negative prohibitions. Repentance out of love retrospectively turns sin into virtue, darkness into light. When all the sparks are freed from the qlippot, depriving them of their vitality, the Messianic era begins. In Hasidic philosophy, the kabbalistic scheme of qlippot is internalised in psychological experience as self-focus, opposite to holy devekut self-nullification, underlying its Panentheistic Monistic view of qlippot as the illusionary self-awareness of Creation.

ellauri070.html on line 433: Star Trek is an American media franchise originating from the 1960s science fiction television series Star Trek, created by Gene Roddenberry. That series, now often known as "The Original Series", debuted on September 8, 1966, and aired for three seasons on NBC. It followed the voyages of the starship USS Enterprise, a space exploration vessel built by the United Federation of Planets in the 23rd century, on a mission "to explore strange new worlds, to seek out new life and new civilizations, to boldly go where no man has gone before". In creating Star Trek, Roddenberry was inspired by C. S. Forester's Horatio Hornblower series of novels, Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, and television westerns such as Wagon Train. Hornblowerit oli Anna-Kaisa Oraviston mielilukemistoa. Pia Pipsukka piti Heinz Konsalikista. 

ellauri070.html on line 438: Kelvinator was a United States home appliance manufacturer and a line of domestic refrigerators that was the namesake of the company. Although as a company it is now defunct, the name still exists as a brand name owned by Electrolux AB. It takes its name from William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, who developed the concept of absolute zero and for whom the Kelvin temperature scale is named. The name was thought appropriate for a company that manufactured ice-boxes and refrigerators.

ellauri070.html on line 456:   William Bendix (January 14, 1906 – December 14, 1964) was an American film, radio, and television actor, who typically played rough, blue-collar characters. Se oli rebublikaani, olis varmaan kannattanut Trumppia. Malcolm X tuskin kiillotti Shinolalla Jack FGK:n kenkiä, Nipsusta puhumattakaan. Kalpeanaamat pahexuu Malcolmia koska se kääntyi muslimix. Jotain hemmetin perverssiä Nipsussa on, kun se koko ajan heiluu neekerisodomian ja teinityttöpedofilian välillä. 

ellauri071.html on line 95: Sir Noël Peirce Coward (16 December 1899 – 26 March 1973) was an English playwright, composer, director, actor and singer, known for his wit, flamboyance, and what Time magazine called "a sense of personal style, a combination of cheek and chic, pose and poise".

ellauri071.html on line 97: Coward was born in 1899 in Teddington, Middlesex, a south-western suburb of London. His parents were Arthur Sabin Coward (1856–1937), a piano salesman, and Violet Agnes Coward (1863–1954), daughter of Henry Gordon Veitch, a captain and surveyor in the Royal Navy. Noël Coward was the second of their three sons, the eldest of whom had died in 1898 at the age of six. Coward's father lacked ambition and industry, and family finances were often poor. He had little formal schooling but was a voracious reader. 

ellauri071.html on line 99: Encouraged by his ambitious mother, who sent him to a dance academy in London, Coward's first professional engagement was in January 1911 as Prince Mussel in the children's play The Goldfish.

ellauri071.html on line 100: He reappeared in Peter Pan the following year, and in 1915 he was again in Where the Rainbow Ends.    

ellauri071.html on line 101: He did not publicly acknowledge his homosexuality, but it was discussed candidly after his death by biographers including Graham Payn, his long-time partner, and in Coward's diaries and letters, published posthumously.

ellauri071.html on line 103: In 1918, Coward was conscripted into the Artists Rifles but was assessed as unfit for active service because of a tubercular tendency, and he was discharged on health grounds after nine months. At the outbreak of the Second World War Coward volunteered for war work, running the British propaganda office in Paris. He also worked with the Secret Service to persuade the American public and government to join the war.

ellauri071.html on line 107: During the run of The Vortex, Coward met Jack Wilson, an American stockbroker (later a director and producer), who became his business manager and lover. Wilson used his position to steal from Coward, but the playwright was in love and accepted both the larceny and Wilson's heavy drinking.

ellauri071.html on line 109: His biggest failure in this period was the play Sirocco (1927), which concerns free love among the wealthy. It starred Ivor Novello, of whom Coward said, "the two most beautiful things in the world are Ivor's profile and my mind". Theatregoers hated the play, showing violent disapproval at the curtain calls and spitting at Coward as he left the theatre. Taisi olla downright homostelua.

ellauri071.html on line 111: By 1929 Coward was one of the world's highest-earning writers, with an annual income of £50,000, more than £2,800,000 in terms of 2018 values. Coward thrived during the Great Depression, writing a succession of popular hits.

ellauri071.html on line 112: Design for Living, written for Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne, was so risqué, with its theme of bisexuality and a ménage à trois, that Coward premiered it in New York, knowing that it would not survive the censor in London.

ellauri071.html on line 121: Another of Coward's wartime projects, as writer, star, composer and co-director (alongside David Lean), was the naval film drama In Which We Serve. The film was popular on both sides of the Atlantic, and he was awarded an honorary certificate of merit at the 1943 Academy Awards ceremony. Coward played a naval captain, basing the character on his friend Lord Louis Mountbatten.

ellauri071.html on line 123: Coward's most enduring work from the war years was the hugely successful black comedy Blithe Spirit (1941), about a novelist who researches the occult and hires a medium. A séance brings back the ghost of his first wife, causing havoc for the novelist and his second wife.

ellauri071.html on line 125:     In his Middle East Diary Coward made several statements that offended many Americans. In particular, he commented that he was "less impressed by some of the mournful little Brooklyn boys lying there in tears amid the alien corn with nothing worse than a bullet wound in the leg or a fractured arm". After protests from both The New York Times and The Washington Post, the Foreign Office urged Coward not to visit the United States in January 1945. He did not return to America again during the war.

ellauri071.html on line 127: Had the Germans invaded Britain, Coward was scheduled to be arrested and killed, as he was in The Black Book along with other figures such as Virginia Woolf, Paul Robeson, Bertrand Russell, C. P. Snow and H. G. Wells.

ellauri071.html on line 220: Junior G-Men was an American counterpart to Hitler Jugend, a boys club and popular culture phenomenon during the late 1930s and early 1940s that began with a radio program and culminated with films featuring the Dead End Kids. After leaving the Federal Bureau of Investigation and a brief stint in Hollywood, Melvin Purvis hosted a children's radio program called "Junior G-Men" in 1936. Purvis had become a national hero for his record as an FBI agent during the so-called "war on crime" in the early 1930s, most notably for leading the manhunt that ended with the death of John Dillinger. As a result of this fame, Purvis was seen as a real-life counterpart to the fictional detectives, such as Dick Tracy, that proliferated in the popular culture targeting boys during this period. As part of the radio program, listeners could join a "Junior G-Men" club and receive badges, manuals, and secret agent props. Shortly thereafter, Purvis became the face of breakfast cereal Post Toasties promotional detective club. The cereal company's fictional "Inspector Post" and his "Junior Detective Corps" metamorphosed into an image of Purvis inviting boys and girls to become "secret operators" in his "Law and Order Patrols."

ellauri071.html on line 224: Junior G-Men was part of the larger "war on crime" campaign being waged through the mass media, which included movies, comic books and strips, radio programs, and pulp books, all of which was encouraged by the FBI and especially its director, J. Edgar Hoover prior to World War II. Most of these featured adult "G-Men" even when marketed to children. The difference with the Junior G-Men was that it was designed to give boys a sense of participating in the exciting adult world of crime-fighting. That said, aside from the original radio program, a book, Junior 'G' Men's Own Mystery Stories (by Gilbert A. Lathrop, Edward O'Connor, and Norton Hughs Jonathan) was published in 1936 and a big little book by Morrell Massey and Henry E. Vallely the following year. Eventually they also appeared on the big screen.   

ellauri071.html on line 432: Metatron is the angel that governs the Tree of Life and the teachings of the Kabbalah. Melchidael is one of the top three of the seven archangels; Yahoel was the angel that taught Abraham the Torah and was his earthly and heavenly guide. Anafiel, "Branch of God," keeper of the keys of heaven, and the angel who looks after birds, and who carried Enoch to heaven.

ellauri071.html on line 471: Around 1850, a British merchant service captain, Charles Noble, upon discovering that the stack of his ship´s galley was made of copper, ordered that it be kept bright. From then onwards the ship´s crew then started referring to the galley smokestack as the "Charlie Noble". 

ellauri071.html on line 489: Waldmeister soll als Mittel gegen dämonische Kräfte verwendet worden sein. In Posen wurde Kühen, die nicht fressen wollten, Waldmeister mit etwas Salz gegeben. Hexen ließen sich angeblich durch eine Mischung von Waldmeister, Johanniskraut und Härtz Bilgen (Mentha pulegium) vertreiben.

ellauri071.html on line 569: In Arthur Edward Waite´s version of The Holy Kabbalah (255), Samael is described as the "severity of God", and is listed as fifth of the archangel of the world of Briah. Samael is said to have taken Lilith as his bride after she left Adam. According to Zoharistic cabala Samael was also mated with Eisheth Zenunim, Na´amah, and Agrat Bat Mahlat — all angels of sacred prostitution. Tää ei nyt ehkä mennyt ihan oikein Arttu perkele.     

ellauri072.html on line 160: It was an episode in Frost’s life that occurred in 1894, when he was 20. He desperately wanted to fuck his high school girlfriend, Elinor White, pressuring her to quit St. Lawrence University as he had Dartmouth. She refused.

ellauri072.html on line 162: Frost calculated that the best way to win her over was to present her with a volume of his first poems. He put them together in a pamphlet, had them printed on fine paper and bound in leather with gold print. When he got to the front door of her boarding house in Canton, New York, Hart said, “She basically shut the door in his face.”

ellauri072.html on line 166: “He was devastated,” Hart said. “He always was extremely sensitive to any kind of rebuff or criticism.”

ellauri072.html on line 170: “But that’s what he said when he was candid in interviews,” Hart said, “that he wanted to put an end to his life in the Great Dismal Swamp. He went in with his street clothes, a little satchel, no food or gear. He was rescued by a couple of guys in a boat who were going down the canal [to pick up some duck hunters].”

ellauri072.html on line 172: Hart said it was an episode Frost never forgot.

ellauri072.html on line 174: “One of the last poems he wrote was called ‘Kitty Hawk,’ and the first part was all about being rejected by Elinor and going to the Great Dismal Swamp … I think he was like a devastated Romeo who was going to end his life.”

ellauri072.html on line 216: As we see in Inferno 15-16, in Hell Dante damns sodomites as sinners of violence against nature. Nonetheless, even in his Hell, where Dante does not go so far as to include homosexuals as unrepentant lustful in the second circle, he still desexualizes his treatment of sodomy. What do we learn from all this? Yet the fact that here, as in Purg. 26, he chooses to put homosexuals in a good light when there was no apparent compelling reason for him to do so surely should cause us to ask further questions about Dante's views concerning homosexuality. Varmaan se oli homo izekin, Beatrice or no Beatrice. Sixkai sille riitti vaan ulista siitä Beatricesta. Satis enim dictum erat de tam obscena et tam spurca materia.

ellauri072.html on line 499: David Foster Wallace wrote three novels, three story collections, two collections of essays, and other things too, but his reputation still rests mainly on “Infinite Jest” — the 1,100-page novel published in 1996 and set alternately in a tennis academy and a rehab center — and on his sui generis now-nearly-a-genre long-form journalism about topics ranging from lobsters to dictionaries to John McCain to the Adult Video News awards for pornographic films. Wallace’s best work, perhaps by far, is “The Pale King,” an unfinished novel about I.R.S. employees that was assembled posthumously by Wallace’s editor, Michael Pietsch.

ellauri072.html on line 506: Her work appears often in The New Yorker. So she is a girl. Or woman, politically correctly, in her mid forties. This she wrote 2012 when she was still up and coming. 

ellauri072.html on line 508: Infinite Jest is not the only thing that made Wallu famous, though. There was also his bandanna, which was as misinterpreted as so much else about him. As the Max biography explains, Wallace started wearing the bandanna as the least embarrassing solution he could think of to obscure the intense sweating attacks that overcame him without warning. (In high school, he had taken to carrying around a tennis racket and a towel as a tacit cover story for the sweating.) The acutely self-conscious, anxious, addicted and at times showy characters in Wallace’s fiction were not, Max helps us recognize, wildly difficult for Wallace to imagine — the characters were iterations of himself.

ellauri072.html on line 520: The externals of Wallace’s life are not too distinctive. He was a smart kid raised in a middle-class family in Urbana, Ill.; his mother was an English teacher and his father a professor of philosophy. Wallace attended Amherst, where he first had trouble fitting in and then found a niche where he fit in very well. He had some intense and dramatic long-term relationships with women and also his share of brief sexual encounters, and he eventually had what is said to have been a loving and grounded marriage. It is his internal agitations, not his circumstances, that were extreme.

ellauri072.html on line 532: To some extent, his subject matter invites the ad or pro hominem fallacy. Wallace’s lonelies, wastoids and number crunchers are, often, trying to find ways to live well. One understandably slips from reading something concerned with how to be a good person to expecting the writer to have been more naturally kind himself. That thinking is perfectly wrong, though. Alec Baldwin surely has more to teach us than most about how to hold one’s temper; the co-founder of A.A., Bill W., is a guru of sobriety precisely because sobriety was so difficult for him.

ellauri072.html on line 548: But yes, Wallace was extremely competitive, even to the point of competing about not being competitive. One of the wincing pleasures of Max’s biography is reading excerpts from Wallace’s correspondence, especially with his close friend and combatant Jonathan Franzen, but also with just about every white male writer he might ever have viewed as a rival or mentor. Aggressive self-abasement, grandstanding, veiled abuse, genuine thoughtfulness, thin-skinned pandering — it’s all there. As the correspondents compete about who is making genuine human connections and who and what is really nice and good, they seem to be in some realm far from most kinds of human connection save for that of heated testosteronic battle.

ellauri072.html on line 562: One of the main criticisms of Wallace’s work is that he simply mirrored decay and malaise instead of moving through and beyond them. This was, not infrequently, one of his own main concerns. But the more nattering and pervasive complaint, which takes on more dimension in Max’s biography, is that he is just too brainy and aggressively difficult — just too, well, mean.

ellauri072.html on line 566: Let’s disagree. Wallace’s writing is not as difficult to read as it is famed to be, nor as pandering to entertain as he worried it was. Wallace writes in grammatically correct sentences; he tells jokes; and his work, if you are wired a certain way, will affect you emotionally.

ellauri072.html on line 584: David Foster Wallace was born in Ithaca, New York, to Sally Jean Wallace (née Foster) and James Donald Wallace, and was raised in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois along with his younger sister, Amy Wallace-Havens.

ellauri072.html on line 632: When Anna returned from school that day, Wallace was waiting with a baseball bat. He hit Anna repeatedly on the head until the bat broke, then pushed the broken end of the bat through her throat. Wallace put Anna’s body in the bathroom, cleaned up, and then got a steel pipe wrench from a shed.

ellauri072.html on line 639: Under Arizona law in 1984, when Wallace turned himself in and confessed to the three murders, to be given the death penalty, prosecutors had to prove that the crime was especially heinous by showing that Wallace either relished in the crime, inflicted gratuitous violence or needlessly mutilated the victims.

ellauri072.html on line 645: Anna was the first to come home that day. Wallace hid behind the front door with a baseball bat. When she arrived, he hit her at least 10 times so hard the baseball bat broke. But she was still moaning and not yet dead. He drug her into the bathroom and plunged the broken bat into her neck and out her back.

ellauri073.html on line 177:     Alice Miller, born as Alicija Englard (12 January 1923 – 14 April 2010), was a Polish-Swiss psychologist, psychoanalyst and philosopher of Jewish origin, who is noted for her books on parental child abuse, translated into several languages. She was also a noted public intellectual. In her books she departed from psychoanalysis, charging it with being similar to the poisonous pedagogies. she felt that psychoanalytic theory and practice made it impossible for former victims of child abuse to recognize the violations inflicted on them and to resolve the consequences of the abuse, as they "remained in the old tradition of blaming the child and protecting the parents." She addressed the two reactions to the loss of love in childhood, depression and grandiosity.

ellauri073.html on line 181:     There was a mother who at the core was emotionally insecure, and who depended for her narcissistic equilibrium on the child behaving, or acting, in a particular way. This mother was able to hide her insecurity from the child and from everyone else behind a hard, authoritarian and even totalitarian facade.

ellauri073.html on line 183:     This role secured "love" for the child—that is, his parents' exploitation. He could sense that he was needed, and this need, guaranteed him a measure of existential security.

ellauri073.html on line 197: John Sidney McCain III (August 29, 1936 - August 25, 2018) was an American statesman and United States Navy officer who served as a United States Senator for Arizona from 1987 until his death in 2018. He previously served two terms in the United States House of Representatives and was the Republican nominee for president of the United States in the 2008 election, which he lost to Barack Obama.

ellauri073.html on line 258:   Really, I would have expected one of the first pictures I saw of Matt Fartey to be one of professional caliber, but interestingly enough the first thing that came up when I searched his name was that picture -- a picture so startling in all that it conveys that it was almost too much for me to witness its allure and then continue along on this tirade; luckily I am a man of strong willpower, and so I was able to continue writing after seeing that picture without shooting myself in the head.) Anyways where was I...oh that's right! Matt Fartey's "accomplishments" and character! Well ladies and gents, he runs a fucking hate blog. Enough said. I doubt he even earns much from it too, though he obviously earns enough to afford an adequate amount of fast food meals that will surely keep his little hate-filled body going until the age of 47, where he will surely die of a collapsed lung or heart attack. When they find his body he will be mistaken for Matt FOLEY, which will obviously be a total disparagement on the late Chris Farley. If you know, you know.

ellauri073.html on line 260: Matt Foley is a fictional character from the sketch comedy program Saturday Night Live performed by Chris Farley (1964-1997). Foley is a motivational speaker who exhibits characteristics atypical of someone in that position: whereas motivational speakers are usually successful and charismatic, Foley is abrasive, clumsy, and down on his luck. The character was popular in its original run and went on to become one of Farley's best-known characters. Farley named the character after one of his Marquette University rugby union teammates, who is now a Roman Catholic priest in the Chicago suburb of Arlington Heights. Plans for a film version with Spade in a supporting role were shelved after Farley's death in 1997.

ellauri073.html on line 267:       The character's debut performance (May 8, 1993) has been called one of the best segments in SNL history. The reception of the audience combined with visible stifled laughter from David Spade and Christina Applegate on stage added to the popularity of the sketch. Notable physical gestures from Farley included what Spade referred to as “the thing with the glasses” when Farley lifted his glasses on and off of his face commenting, “Hey Dad, I can’t see real good, is that Bill Shakespeare over there?” and perhaps the most defining gesture was one that Farley saved for the live performance when he alternated hands adjusting his trousers, grabbing the hilt of his belt with one hand and the back of his pants with the other.

ellauri073.html on line 269:       In the sketch itself, Foley attempts to motivate two teens, played by Spade and Applegate, to "get themselves back on the right track" after the family’s cleaning lady finds a bag of marijuana in their home. Foley’s attempt to motivate them falls short when he repeatedly insists that they're "not going to amount to jack squat" and will end up “living in a van down by the river!” Foley attempts to endear himself to Spade's character by telling him they're "gonna be buddies" and that everywhere he goes, Foley will follow. Comparing himself to Spade's shadow, Foley jumps about where he's standing and then dives into the coffee table, though he picks himself up moments later. None of the other cast members knew that Farley was going to do this and their startled reactions are genuine. The sketch ends with Foley offering that the only solution to solve the family's problems is for him to move in with them. Horrified, Applegate begs him not to, vowing never to smoke pot again. Even so, Foley leaves the house to get his things from his van and the family locks him out, finally reconciling and admitting to how much they love each other.

ellauri073.html on line 271: A later performance (February 19, 1994) features Foley in prison attempting to motivate troubled teens in a scared straight program; he was imprisoned for three to five years for non-payment of alimony (consistent with him being “thrice divorced”). Before entering the sketch, Foley is introduced by his cellmate Deshawn Powers (Martin Lawrence) as “just finished a week in solitary, eating nothing but coffee beans.” Foley attempts to scare the juvenile delinquents by commenting in a slightly different manner that he “wished to dear God, that he was living in a van down by the river!” The sketch followed the usual Foley routine with him falling through the prison wall instead of a coffee table, which eventually led to his and the other inmates' escape.

ellauri073.html on line 275: Quickly on your attacks on Wallace's writing style, I will mention that -- contrary to your rather baffling notions -- people did enjoy Infinite Jest and other works of his. They will continue to do so for decades. Listen Fartey: his work will live on. People recognize great writing wherever it materializes. Forget your distaste of footnotes, or your struggle in understanding the themes and ideals his work encompasses. His audience is clearly beyond you, so try to see that not everyone feels the same as you. You don't have to like his writing, but when you detract from it it makes it even more apparent that you are the lesser man. Your comments on Foster's writing ability led me to some of your other articles, and to be completely honest, it wasn't all bad. I genuinely enjoyed your "Fucking vs. Making Love" poetry bit, although it did seem like a cheap knockoff of Black Coffee Blues. Regardless, I can still acknowledge that the piece had its moments. However (and this is where I want you to pay attention you tub of lard), the piece can also be slammed in several areas. This is highly important, as we can see the parallels between this aspect of "Fucking vs. Making Love" and anything David Foster Wallace wrote. When it comes down to it, your writing can be criticized stylistically and formatically just like his can; the only difference is that there are few that actually give a shit about your writing, whereas Wallace's work is meaningful to the point where people have legitimate incentive to think critically about it. So defile it with your petty blog posts all you want, but at the end of the day you're the one who's only making yourself look bad, and as a heavily obese man based in Europe you are surely having few problems achieving this in the status quo, since Europeans are notably fatist.

ellauri073.html on line 443: “seemed intuitively to sense that it was a matter not of reduction at all, but—perversely—of expansion, the aleatory flutter of uncontrolled, metastatic growth—each well-shot ball admitting of n possible responses, n-squared possible responses to those responses, and on into what Incandenza would articulate to anyone who shared both his backgrounds as a Cantorian continuum of infinities of possible move and response, Cantorian and beautiful because infoliating, contained, this diagnate infinity of infinities of choice and execution, mathematically uncontrolled but humanly contained, bounded by the talent and imagination of self and opponent, bent in on itself by the containing boundaries of skill and imagination that brought one player finally down, that kept both from winning, that made it, finally, a game, these boundaries of self.”

ellauri073.html on line 508: She was born May 14, 1938, in Fort Fairfield, Maine. The daughter of a potato farmer, she worked a quarter of the year during the harvest, but found her true passion for learning in the town’s one-room schoolhouse. She eventually graduated from Northfield boarding school in Gill, Mass., and later became the first in her family to graduate college, with a bachelor’s degree in English from Mount Holyoke in 1960, where she was student body president and wrote Junior Show.

ellauri073.html on line 510: After receiving her master’s degree from the University of Illinois, Mrs. Wallace was an English professor at Parkland College for 35 years. Her passion for learning was paired with a passion to help others learn — she was an enthusiastic, rigorous and above all compassionate instructor who made sure every student she had knew how much their voice mattered. Even after retiring, she taught in correctional facilities around Illinois and volunteered as a companion for Illinois CASA. In 2012, she and her husband, Jim, decided to move from their beloved city of Urbana to Florence, Ariz., to be closer to their family. There, they volunteered with Arizona CASA, hosted family dinners every Sunday, and adopted a much-loved terrier mix named Angus.

ellauri073.html on line 512: Mrs. Wallace was predeceased by her husband of 59 years, James D. Wallace; son, David Foster Wallace; sister, Barbara Sealander; and brother, Gerry Foster.

ellauri073.html on line 516: Sally is remembered as a wickedly funny, funnily wicked, generous and compassionate woman who made friends everywhere she went. She had an unmatched love for the English language and inspired countless others — including her students, children and grandchildren — to pursue their passion of writing. She was fearless in every sense of the world, and in the final years of her life, tried many new things, such as zip-lining, main-lining, and attending monthly poetry slams.

ellauri073.html on line 540: David Foster Wallace became a regionally ranked tennis player while growing up in Illinois. David Foster Wallace´s thesis, The Broom of the System, that he wrote while at Amherst College was published in 1987 while he was attending graduate school. In 1989 David Foster Wallace´s short story collection titled Girl with Curious Hair was published. After graduating from the University of Arizona David went on to study philosophy at Harvard University but soon chose to leave. He moved to Syracuse to be with the poet and novelist Mary Karr. While in Syracuse David Foster Wallace wrote most of his famous novel Infinite Jest. The finished book was 1,100 pages long. The novel dealt with addiction, art, and consumerism, and was set in the near future.

ellauri074.html on line 57: ONAN was a canary owned by writer Dorothy Parker, so named because he constantly spilled his seed.

ellauri074.html on line 58: Dorothy Parker (née Rothschild; August 22, 1893 – June 7, 1967) was an American poet, writer, critic, and satirist based in New York; she was best known for her wisecracks.

ellauri074.html on line 126:     Dove soap was launched in the United States in 1957 as a non-irritating skin cleaner for treatment use on burn and wounds during World War II under, the one of the largest consumer products companies in the world, Unilever. The basic Dove bar was reformulated as a beauty soap bar with one-fourth cleansing cream. It was the first beauty soap to use mild plus moisturizing cream to avoid the drying skin.

ellauri074.html on line 128:     Tucks lääketyynyjen valmistus alkoi 1948. The Whopper was created in 1957 by Burger King co-founder James McLamore. InterLacen koti- toimisto- ja mobiilikäyttöön tarkoitetun tk-järjestelmän tarkkaresoluutioisen Yushityu 2007 moduulinkazelulaitteen emolevyn helposti asennettavan päivityxen vuotta 3v aiemmin olis James-isä muka tehnyt seppukun. Wallu-poika pani töpinäxi 2008.

ellauri074.html on line 153:  Ja cosca he sen cannoit/ nousi suuri capina Caupungis HERran käden cautta/ ja hän löi Canssan Caupungis sekä pienet että suuret/ ja he sait salaiset kiwut heidän salacaluins. Ja ihmiset jotca ei cuollet/ lyötin heidän salacaluisans/ nijn että huuto meni Caupugnist taiwaseen.

ellauri074.html on line 163:     The Perdue Farms company was founded in 1920 by Arthur Perdue and his wife, Pearl Perdue, who had been keeping a small flock of chickens. The company started out selling eggs, then in 1925, Perdue built the company's first hatchery, and began selling layer chicks to farmers instead of only eggs for human consumption. His son Frank Perdue joined the company in 1939 at age 19 after dropping out of college. The company was incorporated as A.W. Perdue & Son and Frank Perdue assumed leadership in the 1950s. The company also began contracting with local farmers to raise its birds and supplying chickens for processing as well as opening a second hatchery in North Carolina during this period. Perdue entered the grain and oilseed business by building grain receiving and storage facilities and Maryland's first soybean processing plant. In 1968, the company began operating its first poultry processing plant in Salisbury. This move had two effects: it gave Perdue Farms full vertical integration and quality control over every step from egg and feed to market, as well as increasing profits which were being squeezed by processors. This move enabled the company to differentiate its product, rather than selling a commodity. In 2013, Perdue was reportedly the third-largest American producer of broilers (chickens for eating) and was estimated as having 7% of the US chicken production market, behind Pilgrim's Pride and Tyson Foods. Perdue antoi kanalle nimen tuotteistamalla sen. Poules Perdues. 

ellauri074.html on line 209: It is also possible that Y.D.A.U. is 2008, as Matty Pemulis turns 23 in Y.D.A.U. (p. 682). Matty's (and Mike's) father came over in 1989 when Matty was "three or four" (p. 683). If Matty had been three and four in 1989, he was born in 1985, which would mean he turns 23 in 2008.

ellauri074.html on line 236: Robbins was born in North Hollywood, California on February 29th, 1960. Robbins life was far from normal. His mother divorced his father at the age of 7 and when he was in high school Robbins grew 10 inches due to a pituitary tumor.

ellauri074.html on line 239: One day, when speaking with his landlord, Tony was asking him how he got so successful. The landlord replied that he went to a Jim Rohn seminar (Rohn was a famous motivational speaker at the time). Robbins had no clue what a seminar was so he asked his landlord to explain. The landlord said that a seminar is when a man takes everything he’s learned over the years of his life, and he condenses his knowledge into four hours.

ellauri074.html on line 240: Robbins was fascinated by the idea of a seminar however to attend a Jim Rohn seminar it costs $35. At the time, Robbins was only making $40 a week! However, he made the decision to spend a week’s pay to attend the seminar. Although it was a costly investment for him, it would end up changing his life.

ellauri074.html on line 242: Robbins was so captivated by the seminar and impressed with Rohn’s credentials. At the time, Rohn was giving personal development speeches to executives at Standard Oil, the oil-producing company started by John D. Rockefeller. Robbins found Rohn’s approach captivating and he knew he wanted to learn as much as he could from him.

ellauri074.html on line 243: So, he approached Rohn after the seminar and asked to become his pupil. Rohn agreed, and over the next few years, Robbin was able to take the lessons he learned from Rohn and apply it to his own unique style. Robbins became an avid reader of psychology and incorporated many theories from behavioral psychology into his approach. Robbins perfected this approach through hundreds of seminars across North America and even did seminars for free to help perfect his craft. By the age of 26, Tony Robbins had a net worth of millions of dollars and was a best selling author.

ellauri074.html on line 255: Tony Robbins has written over six books throughout his career. (Over six? like almost seven?) His first book, Unlimited Power, was published in 1986 and became a national bestseller. He has also written many other great books such as Awaken The Giant Within, Notes From A Friend, MONEY Master the Game, Giant Steps, and Unshakeable.

ellauri074.html on line 258: In 2016, he launched the Tony Robbins Podcast. The first season was primarily focused on ways for small to medium-sized businesses to gain an advantage over their market. He has since pivoted to not only talk about how to build a bigger business but also topics such as how to deepen your relationships, become more productive, and live in abundance. The Tony Robbins Podcast has thousands of 5-star reviews on Apple Podcasts and has been downloaded by millions of people worldwide.

ellauri074.html on line 399: G. A. Moore, Jr. is a retired Texas high school football head coach. He retired after completing the 2011 season with a career head coaching record of 426–92–9, which at the time was the most in Texas high school football history. Moore's win total was passed on November 3, 2016, by Phil Danaher of Calallen High School in Corpus Christi, Texas.

ellauri074.html on line 449: Vuonna 2005 Vasili erehtyi allekirjoittamaan antisemiittisen kirjelmän «Письмо 5000». The Letter of 5000 (Russian: Письмо‌ 5000), also known as the Letter of only 500 or the Letter of just 19 Deputies (Russian: Письмо 19 депутатов), was an open letter signed by 5,000 Russians, most significantly politicians, aimed at the Prosecutor-General of Russia. The Letter of 5,000 included sharp criticisms of Jews, Jewish leaders, and Jewish organisations, as well as calling for the investigation of the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch as a violation of the Criminal Code of Russia. The letter, published on 21 March 2005, attracted significant discussion in Russian and international media due to its demands, which were widely considered to be antisemitic.

ellauri074.html on line 451: Russian President Vladimir Putin, in an interview with the Israeli Channel 1, condemned antisemitism and stated that Judaism was one of the "traditional religions" of Russia.

ellauri074.html on line 458: The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (קיצור שולחן ערוך), first published in 1864, is a work of halacha written by Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried. The work was written in simple Hebrew which made it easy for the lay person to understand and contributed to its great popularity. 

ellauri074.html on line 459: Ganzfried was a Hungarian Jew, and put the emphasis of his work on the customs of the Hungarian Jews of his time. The work is also known for its strict rulings.

ellauri074.html on line 469: Sidney Gottlieb (August 3, 1918 – March 7, 1999) was an American chemist and spymaster best known for his involvement with the Central Intelligence Agency's 1950s and 1960s assassination attempts and mind-control program, known as Project MKUltra. The CIA MKUltra project was a continuation of the work begun in WWII-era Japanese facilities and Nazi concentration camps on subduing and controlling human minds.

ellauri074.html on line 470: MKUltra's use of mescaline on unwitting subjects was a practice that Nazi doctors had begun in the Dachau concentration camp. Kinzer proposes evidence of the continuation of a Nazi agenda, citing the CIA's secret recruitment of Nazi torturers and vivisectionists to continue the experimentation on thousands of subjects, and Nazis brought to Fort Detrick, Maryland, to instruct CIA officers on the lethal uses of sarin gas. The project began during a period of  "paranoia" at the CIA, when the U.S. had lost its nuclear monopoly and fear of communism was at its height.

ellauri074.html on line 474: At least one death, the result of the defenestration of Dr. Frank Olson, was attributed to Olson's being subjected, unaware, to such experimentation, nine days before his death. Don't worry. Be happy. Leave pipe, socks, and shoes on the windowsill.

ellauri074.html on line 649:   Wallace was deeply suspicious of the media infrastructure that was, when he died, still largely known as “the Net”—“I allow myself to Webulize only once a week now,” he once told a grad student—and he remarked to his wife, as they were moving computer equipment into their house, “thank God I wasn't raised in this era.” Having written his first big stories on a Smith Corona typewriter, Wallace disliked digital drafts and e-publishing in general. He took particular pleasure in the fact that his house in Indiana, the one recreated in The End of the Tour, had the elegantly atavistic address of “Rural Route 2.” He preferred to file his students’ work not on computers, but in a pink Care Bears folder. 

ellauri074.html on line 656: A Tale of a Tub. Written for the Universal Improvement of Mankind. was the first major work written by Jonathan Swift, arguably his most difficult satire and perhaps his most masterly. William Wotton wrote that the Tale had made a game of "God and Religion, Truth and Moral Honesty, Learning and Industry" to show "at the bottom Jonathan´s contemptible Opinion of every Thing which is called Christianity." The work continued to be regarded as an attack on religion well into the nineteenth century. The overarching parody is of enthusiasm, pride, and credulity. It was widely misunderstood, especially by Queen Anne herself who purposely mistook its purpose for profanity. It effectively disbarred its author from proper preferment in the Church of England, but is considered one of Swift´s best allegories, even by himself. 

ellauri074.html on line 667: Ainoo joka vois lyödä Andyn taalasta olis Don Huono ize. Harriet Tubmanin vois Donin mielestä laittaa $2 seteliin rullapaperixi jolla Don pyyhkis sitten persettä kultapöntöllä. Donin belfien voisi laittaa ruplan seteliin. Kukaan Ottawassa ei haluu asua Trump kadulla. Se on noloa.

ellauri077.html on line 198:   Loputtomassa läpässä on oleellisesti 3 juonta: Incandenzan perheen puuhat Tennisakatemiassa (tätä mä oon lukenut nyt 1 romskun verran, 245 sivua); Don Gatelyn ja muiden toipilaitten sekoilut Ennetin puolimatkankodissa (näitä on jo nähty, huoh kiitos vaan); ja filmin 'Loputon läppä' kvesti, jossa tähtinä on Remy Martin (se pyörätuolijäbä), ja Hugh/Helen Steeply (hirmu iso transu joka bylsii Orinia). Niiden suuhun Wallu panee syvälliset mietteensä. Ne on kuin jumala ja jeesus Miltonin Paradise Lostissa. Ekat 2 juonta ei liity mitenkään toisiinsa (miten niin? onhan siinä samoja henkilöitä, niiku et Orin bylsii sitä transua (Hal-Orin, haha, sanaleikki, joka osottaa että ne on Tävskytin kaxi puolta. The Halorin family name was found in the USA in 1880. Massachusetts had the highest population of Halorin families in 1880.) Mario on varmaan sit Amy, tai sit Super Mario, tai luultavimmin Wallu taas. Orin, Mario ja Hal on Tupu, Hupu ja Lupu, Wallukolmoset. Wallu kyllä vinkkaa että juonet yhtyvät kun romsku on jo loppunut. Varmaan siinä kustannustoimittajan poisleikkaamassa 300 sivussa. Kaikki 3 juonta liittyy temaattisesti: viihde, valinta ja stöpselöinti. Leffan 'Loputon läppä' filmas Wallun pappa Jim Incandenza, koittaessaan tehdä jotain niin pakottavaa että se pysäyttäisi Hal-pojan putoomisen solipsismin, ilottomuuden ja kuoleman sudenkuoppaan. Filmiä ei koskaan julkaistu ja se jäi kesken kun Jim teki ize seppukun sen loppusuoralla. Mutta romskun edetessä (SPOILERIVAROITUS!) lukijalle selviää että filmi oli löytynyt ja toimii ehkä terroristiaseena. (No sehän tuli selväxi jo tässä alkuosassa.) Leffa on tosiaankin niin "vitun pakottava" että se tekee kazojista zombieita, ne on kuin Lassi telkan edessä, töllöttävät vaan, eikä enää muuta tahdokaan. Loppuviimein, vinkkaa kertoja, Hal ja Gately jossain vaiheessa kaivaa kahteen pekkaan isä Jimin pään maasta eziessään filmiä. Filmin sisällöstä ei ole kunnon kuvausta. Jotain kohtauxia väläytellään, esim Joelle van Dynen jossa se "pyytää anteexi" kazojilta uudestaan ja uudestaan, sanoen ‘I’m so sorry. I’m so terribly sorry. I am so, so sorry. Please know how very, very, very sorry I am’ (939). Huh, onpas pitkällä. Tää on kyllä kertaalleen sanottu jo tässä alkupätkässä. Tämmönen anteexipyytely on kanssa saamaa markkinapaskaa kuin toi "luottamus", ilmaisexi pyydetään, kun luottokortti vingahtaa. Koko kirjasta (vaiko vaan filmistä) tulee 1 suuri anteexipyyntö, onxe sitten isältä pojalle vai päinvastoin, sama se. Ne ei koskaan pystyneet "keskustelemaan". Tää "We gotta talk" on kanssa yx jenkkitomppelius, hemmetti, mitä sitä varten pitää erixeen tilata vastaanotto tai merkata kalenteriaika, senkun riitelevät vaan. Niin mekin tehdään. Tää mun juttu, Barrett tunnustaa, kuuluu perinteiseen "elämä ja teos" genreen, Wallun romsku on "symbolistiteos" "kirjailijan sisällyttämisestä textiin". Wallu koittaa estää kokonaista sukupolvea uppoutumasta pelkkään viihteen kazeluun. Lukekaa kirjoja, ääliöt! Paxuja kirjoja! Mun kirjoja, ne on kaikista paxuimpia! Saatana! Kun tiili kolahtaa päähän nukahtaessa tulee pahoja kuhmuja. We apologize for the inconvenience. 

ellauri077.html on line 205: Capitalism has made it so there’s a perpetual tidal wave of American culture crashing down around the globe. When The Force Awakens was released last December, it didn’t just open coast to coast across North America—it appeared in over 30 countries across five continents within its first week. When Dan Brown’s novel Inferno was released in 2013, it didn’t just sell out in every Costco in these 50 states: a team of 11 translators were locked away in a garret somewhere so that the book could have a simultaneous worldwide release. By early 2014 it was available in over 20 different languages.

ellauri077.html on line 218:   Galindo tells me that Wallace’s heavy sense of irony and self-deprecation fits in rather well with contemporary Brazil: “What... is much more HUMAN. It is not AMERICAN (though, I repeat, he may have thought it was).

ellauri077.html on line 243:     Geoffrey Hinton is the great-great-grandson both of logician George Boole whose work eventually became one of the foundations of modern computer science, and of surgeon and author James Hinton who was the father of Charles Howard Hinton.

ellauri077.html on line 324: Figures such as Albert Camus defined Søren Kierkegaard as the philosopher of irony. Kierkegaard defended faith above all things, but he always criticized the Danish church. Although he rejected the love of his life, he never stopped loving her and she was the muse for most of his work. Mitä ironista tässä muka on? 

ellauri077.html on line 325: Similarly, he always emphasized the need to cultivate a religious spirit, but he himself was trapped in an aesthetic-ethical sphere.

ellauri077.html on line 329: Another aspect that defined his thoughts was the concept that would later inspire the work of other great writers such as Kafka, Unamuno, or philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. We’re talking about "anxiety", the feeling that never disappears. This is because it also helps us become aware that there are more options in life, that we’re free to jump into the void or take a step back and seek other solutions, like happy homosexuality. There’s always an alternative to suffering, but suffering itself helps "it" grow.

ellauri077.html on line 342: Unamuno would have preferred to be a philosophy professor, but was unable to get an academic appointment. 

ellauri077.html on line 362: Desmond Morris, the author, who had been the curator of mammals at London Zoo, said his book was intended to popularise and demystify science.

ellauri077.html on line 368: In February 1976, the book was removed from high school library shelves by the board of education of the Island Trees Union Free School District in New York. This case became the subject of a U.S. Supreme Court case in 1982.

ellauri077.html on line 555: In his interview with Larry McCaffery, Wallace shows he was aware of his failure to overcome the use of postmodern irony: “I got trapped just trying to expose the illusions of metafiction the same way metafiction had tried to expose the illusions of the pseudo-unmediated realist fiction that had come before it. It was a horror show.”  

ellauri077.html on line 621: If we take the Incandenza-wraith’s claim that “Infinite Jest” was his last, desperate attempt to reconnect with Hal, to “simply converse”(IJ 838, original emphasis), as fact, this means that the actual product does just the opposite of what it was meant to. It instead traps the viewer in a solipsistic cage out of which there seems to be no escape.  

ellauri077.html on line 804: Meaningless words. In certain kinds of writing, particularly in art criticism and literary criticism, it is normal to come across long passages which are almost completely lacking in meaning. Words like romantic, plastic, values, human, dead, sentimental, natural, vitality , as used in art criticism, are strictly meaningless, in the sense that they not only do not point to any discoverable object, but are hardly ever expected to do so by the reader. When one critic writes, "The outstanding feature of Mr. X's work is its living quality," while another writes, "The immediately striking thing about Mr. X's work is its peculiar deadness," the reader accepts this as a simple difference opinion. If words like black and white were involved, instead of the jargon words dead and living, he would see at once that language was being used in an improper way. 

ellauri077.html on line 808:     It is almost universally felt that when we call a country democratic we are praising it: consequently the defenders of every kind of regime claim that it is a democracy, and fear that they might have to stop using that word if it were tied down to any one meaning. Words of this kind are often used in a consciously dishonest way. That is, the person who uses them has his own private definition, but allows his hearer to think he means something quite different. Statements like Marshal Petain was a true patriot, The Soviet press is the freest in the world, The Catholic Church is opposed to persecution, are almost always made with intent to deceive. Other words used in variable meanings, in most cases more or less dishonestly, are: class, totalitarian, science, progressive, reactionary, bourgeois, equality.

ellauri078.html on line 52: The infinity symbol (∞) represents a line that never ends. The common sign for infinity, ∞, was first time used by Wallis in the mid 1650s. He also introduced 1/∞ for an infinitesimal which is so small that it can’t be measured. Wallis wrote about this and numerous other issues related to infinity in his book Treatise on the Conic Sections published in 1655. The infinity symbol looks like a horizontal version of number 8 and it represents the concept of eternity, endless and unlimited. Some scientists say, however, that John Wallis could have taken the Greek letter ω as a source for creating the infinity sign.

ellauri078.html on line 99: The singing of hymns, by the way, was not always a feature of Christian worship. For dumb anglo-saxons it was the briton Isaac Watts, a nonconformist (lue hihhuli) during the late 17th Century, who wedded the meter of Folk Song and Ballad to scripture. One of the churches that fully adopted Watts’ hymns was the The First Church of Amherst, Massachusetts, where Dickinson from girlhood on, worshiped. 

ellauri078.html on line 103: The earliest known version is found in Christy's Plantation Melodies. No. 2, a songbook published under the authority of Edwin Pearce Christy in Philadelphia in 1853. Christy was the founder of the blackface minstrel show known as the Christy's Minstrels. Like most minstrel songs, the lyrics are written in a cross between a parody of a generic creole dialect historically attributed to African-Americans and standard American English. The song is written in the first person from the perspective of an African-American singer who refers to himself as a "darkey," longing to return to "a yellow girl" (that is, a light-skinned, or bi-racial woman born of African/African-American and European-American progenitors)

ellauri078.html on line 126: Assignable - and then it was			poisannettavaa - ja sillä hetkellä

ellauri078.html on line 135:   Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts, on December 10, 1830 to Edward and Emily (Norcross) Dickinson. At the time of her birth, Emily’s father was an ambitious young lawyer. Educated at Amherst and Yale, he returned to his hometown and joined the ailing law practice of his father, Samuel Fowler Dickinson. Edward also joined his father in the family home, the Homestead, built by Samuel Dickinson in 1813. Active in the Whig Party, Edward Dickinson was elected to the Massachusetts State Legislature (1837-1839) and the Massachusetts State Senate (1842-1843).

ellauri078.html on line 139: By the time of Emily’s early childhood, there were three children in the household. Her brother, William Austin Dickinson, had preceded her by a year and a half. Her sister, Lavinia Norcross Dickinson, was born in 1833. All three children attended the one-room primary school in Amherst and then moved on to Amherst Academy, the school out of which Amherst College had grown. The brother and sisters’ education was soon divided. Austin was sent to Williston Seminary in 1842; Emily and Vinnie continued at Amherst Academy. 

ellauri078.html on line 143: In an early poem, she chastised science for its prying interests. Its system interfered with the observer’s preferences; its study took the life out of living things. In “‘Arcturus’ is his other name” she writes, “I pull a flower from the woods - / A monster with a glass / Computes the stamens in a breath - / And has her in a ‘class!’” At the same time, Dickinson’s study of botany was clearly a source of delight. She encouraged her friend Abiah Root to join her in a school assignment: “Have you made an herbarium yet? I hope you will, if you have not, it would be such a treasure to you.” She herself took that assignment seriously, keeping the herbarium generated by her botany textbook for the rest of her life. 

ellauri078.html on line 145: Behind her school botanical studies lay a popular text in common use at female seminaries. Written by Almira H. Lincoln, Familiar Lectures on Botany (1829) featured a particular kind of natural history, emphasizing the religious nature of scientific study. Lincoln was one of many early 19th-century writers who forwarded the “argument from design.” She assured her students that study of the natural world invariably revealed God. Its impeccably ordered systems showed the Creator’s hand at work.

ellauri078.html on line 147: Dickinson found the conventional religious wisdom the least compelling part of these arguments. From what she read and what she heard at Amherst Academy, scientific observation proved its excellence in powerful description. The writer who could say what he saw was invariably the writer who opened the greatest meaning to his readers. While this definition fit well with the science practiced by natural historians such as Hitchcock and Lincoln, it also articulates the poetic theory then being formed by a writer with whom Dickinson’s name was often later linked. In 1838 Emerson told his Harvard audience, “Always the seer is a sayer.”

ellauri078.html on line 151: Dickinson left the academy at the age of 15 in order to pursue a higher, and for women, final, level of education. In the fall of 1847 Dickinson entered Mount Holyoke Female Seminary. Under the guidance of Mary Lyon, the school was known for its religious predilection. Part and parcel of the curriculum were weekly sessions with Lyon in which religious questions were examined and the state of the students’ faith assessed. The young women were divided into three categories: those who were “established Christians,” those who “expressed hope,” and those who were “without hope.” Much has been made of Emily’s place in this latter category and of the widely circulated story that she was the only member of that group. Years later fellow student Clara Newman Turner remembered the moment when Mary Lyon “asked all those who wanted to be Christians to rise.” Emily remained seated. No one else did. Turner reports Emily’s comment to her: “‘They thought it queer I didn’t rise’—adding with a twinkle in her eye, ‘I thought a lie would be queerer.’“

ellauri078.html on line 153: The brevity of Emily’s stay at Mount Holyoke—a single year—has given rise to much speculation as to the nature of her departure. Whatever the reason, when it came Vinnie’s turn to attend a female seminary, she was sent to Ipswich.

ellauri078.html on line 155: Upon their return, unmarried daughters were indeed expected to demonstrate their dutiful nature by setting aside their own interests in order to meet the needs of the home. For Dickinson the change was hardly welcome. Her letters from the early 1850s register dislike of domestic work and frustration with the time constraints created by the work that was never done. “God keep me from what they call households,” she exclaimed in a letter to Root in 1850.

ellauri078.html on line 159: For Dickinson, the pace of such visits was mind-numbing, and she began limiting the number of visits she made or received. She baked bread and tended the garden, but she would neither dust nor visit.

ellauri078.html on line 161: Emmy ei ollut mikään siivooja. Se ei pitänyt pölyhuiskasta. No ei imurikaan ole yhtään parempi. Seija tempaisi imurin luukkua niin että muovisarana katkesi. Ei siitä enää tule kalua. Emmy oli witty kuten Lizzy Bennettin äiti, mutta pitikö se ize witeistä? VITTE, VITTEE, E-EE-O! lauloi merikapteeni Fuck Löfgren miehistöineen Paimiosta eli Heikki Silvennoinen Kummeleissa. Was Emily gay? None of business sanoo tylysti Quoran vastaaja, mut of you insist, yes in all probability she was. Her companion was her sister-in-law Gilbert. Proustillakin oli Gilberte, ja Albertine. Kirjailijat joilla on jotain sanottavaa on usein poikkeavia. 

ellauri078.html on line 196:     It was written by Isaac Watts, and published in Hymns and Spiritual Songs in 1707. It is significant for being an innovative departure from the early English hymn style of only using paraphrased biblical texts, although the first two lines of the second verse do paraphrase St Paul at Galatians 6:14. The poetry of "When I survey..." may be seen as English literary baroque.

ellauri078.html on line 246: In America now, free-speech partisans find themselves defending mainly racists shouting “nigger” or Nazis carrying swastikas or—most often—men looking at pictures of naked women with their legs spread open. (Ilmeisesti Dworkin tahmasi vaan Playboyn centerfoldeja. Ei ainakaan muuta tunnusta.)

ellauri078.html on line 298: The Roof was scarcely visible – 		Sen katto oli tuskin näkyvä

ellauri078.html on line 306: In a letter to Abiah Root, Dickinson once asked, "Does not Eternity appear dreadful to you . . . I often get thinking of it and it seems so dark to me that I almost wish there was no Eternity. To think that we must forever live and never cease to be. It seems as if Death which all so dread because it launches us upon an unknown world would be a relief to so endless a state of existense."

ellauri079.html on line 37: Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions is a satirical novella by the English schoolmaster Edwin Abbott Abbott, first published in 1884 by Seeley & Co. of London. Written pseudonymously by "A Square", the book used the fictional two-dimensional world of Flatland to comment on the hierarchy of Victorian culture, but the novella's more enduring contribution is its examination of dimensions. This book was taught in Wallace's Tennis Academy. It's actually quite boring if you ask me. Be there or be square. 

ellauri079.html on line 43: The name "slapstick" originates from the Italian Batacchio or Bataccio – called the "slap stick" in English – a club-like object composed of two wooden slats used in commedia dell'arte. When struck, the Batacchio produces a loud smacking noise, though it is only a little force that is transferred from the object to the person being struck. Actors may thus hit one another repeatedly with great audible effect while causing no damage and only very minor, if any, pain. Along with the inflatable bladder (of which the whoopee cushion is a modern variant), it was among the earliest special effects.  Pynchonilla on myös pierutyynyjä.

ellauri079.html on line 113:   If Jed Clampett hadn’t done another role in his life he would have still been remembered as Jed Clampett more likely than not.  After his time on the show he went on to continue acting here and there but nothing ever really brought him the same kind of fame as he experienced while being Jed. He did manage to get a cameo in the film version of the Beverly Hillbillies but apart from that he was retired at that time and wasn’t doing much at all. He passed away due to respiratory failure in 2003.

ellauri079.html on line 115: Ellie May Clampett was unable to do much more in getting her career to take off. She went on to become a gospel singer for a while and even practiced real estate for a bit. But nothing ever really kept her from going back to show business as she felt that this was where she belonged. Ellie May passed away from pancreatic cancer in 2015.

ellauri079.html on line 122:   A lot of fans will remember this awkward but funny family from TV and probably be able to sing the theme song without having to hear it. The Beverly Hillbillies were after all a favorite show back in their day and inspired a lot of other ideas that came much later, like David Foster Wallace´s magnum opus The Infinite Jest. The attempt to make a movie out of the show wasn’t all that successful and kind of left a bad taste in a lot of peoples’ mouths since it was such a poor attempt that even watching the trailer was something that people didn’t want to admit for a while.  Sometimes the best thing you can do is remember the good times and think back to the original that made it something special. Lets hope they will never, never try to make a movie out of Infinite Jest. Jim Incandenza tried that once already, with singularly bad results.

ellauri079.html on line 137: Wampum is a traditional shell bead of the Eastern Woodlands tribes of Native Americans. It includes white shell beads hand fashioned from the North Atlantic channeled whelk shell and white and purple beads made from the quahog or Western North Atlantic hard-shelled clam. Before European contact, strings of wampum were used for storytelling, ceremonial gifts, and recording important treaties and historical events, such as the Two Row Wampum Treaty or The Hiawatha Belt. Wampum was also used by the northeastern Indian tribes as a means of exchange, strung together in lengths for convenience. The first Colonists adopted it as a currency in trading with them. Eventually, the Colonists applied their technologies to more efficiently produce wampum, which caused inflation and ultimately its obsolescence as currency. 

ellauri079.html on line 144: Amherst was Commander-in-Chief of the forces of North America during the French and Indian War who, according to popular legend, singlehandedly won Canada for the British and banished France from North America.

ellauri079.html on line 156: Reddit tyypit kexustelee oliko hunnutettu Joelle oikeesti liika kaunis vaiko liika ruma jonkun happohyökkäyxen johdosta. I'd like to think she was beautiful.

ellauri080.html on line 123:     However, many researchers felt that Cattell's theory was too complicated and Eysenck's was too limited in scope. As a result, the five-factor theory emerged to describe the essential traits that serve as the building blocks of personality. 5 is a nice number, it happens to be the number of fingers in your right (or left, if you are sinistral) hand (if you are a normal person, that is).

ellauri080.html on line 308: One study of the genetic and environmental underpinnings of the five traits looked at 123 pairs of identical twins and 127 pairs of fraternal twins. The findings suggested that the heritability of each trait was 53 percent for extraversion, 41 percent for agreeableness, 44 percent for conscientiousness, 41 percent for neuroticism, and 61 for openness. 

ellauri080.html on line 400: Intensity of reaction: intense children will have very powerful reactions to things. For instance, if they want to wear their favorite purple shirt and it’s in the washer, they may have an intense outburst. Children with low intensity will react very mildly to negative and positive situations. It may be difficult to recognize how a low intensity child is feeling.

ellauri080.html on line 435:     He was well aware of the difficulty of presenting a general description of types and its inability to draw an absolutely correct picture. Still, his wealth of empirical evidence led him to deduce as ‘factual’ the existence of distinct types. This deduction was made many times before him and is a simple reflection of the nature of reality (the reality of Nature).

ellauri080.html on line 524: Overall, SE/NI is much more trusting of what we could call empirical or collected data, particularly data from direct experience, which is why, as CelebrityTypes was the first to point out, it tends to feel much more “intense and singular” of vision, because it is perfectly happy with direct observation and direct conjecture from the collected data. As CelebrityTypes says, “The person will stress one point of view (Ni), which is indeed frequently the viewpoint that generates the greatest yield here and now (Se). The singularity of observation involved will frequently lend a manifest and immediate quality to the SE/NI type’s observations, which in turn tends to make them convincing.” This is because SE/NI is naturally hooked into and derived from a direct and photographic view of the world.

ellauri080.html on line 532:     Concerning John Maynard Keynes, an INTJ, it was said: “[He spoke] on a great range of topics, on some of which he was thoroughly an expert, but on others [he had] derived his views from the few pages of a book at which he had happened to glance. The air of authority was the same in both cases.” Meanwhile, Bertrand Russell famously said that “The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are always so certain of themselves, and wiser people so full of doubts.” Coincidentally, history records a number of ENTPs and INTJs very much disliking each other. 

ellauri080.html on line 537:     Keynes's intellect was the sharpest and clearest that I have ever known. When I argued with him, I felt that I took my life in my hands, and I seldom emerged without feeling something of a fool.

ellauri080.html on line 540: Keynes's obituary in The Times included the comment: "There is the man himself – radiant, brilliant, effervescent, gay, full of impish jokes ... He was a humane man genuinely devoted to the cause of the common good." Kuulostaa Wallun äiskältä, wickedly funny. Ja gay. Ize asiassa gay pedophile kaiken kukkuraxi. Keynes was a libertine hedonist who wasted most of his adult life engaging in sexual relationships with children, including travelling around the Mediterranean visiting children’s brothels. Funnily wicked too.

ellauri080.html on line 542: This axis is also apparent in my own videos: you’ll notice there are quite a few of them, partly because I keep on redoing the same topics whenever I feel I’ve hit on a new perspective that I then can’t help but explain as though it were my new ‘doctrine’ because it suddenly seems so much more clear and beautiful and compelling than any previous perspectives, and I just want to get that pure idea out. Literally, after I do a video on a compelling subject, if I did it well, I’ll feel like I’ve emptied myself out, and I’ll very easily forget what it was that I just explained in that video. The idea dulls, I start finding some problems with it, and over time I mull it around with other material and then become bedazzled by the next rich synthesis.

ellauri080.html on line 575: Gilligan's Island is an American sitcom. It aired for three seasons on the CBS network from September 26, 1964, to April 17, 1967. The series followed the comic adventures of seven castaways as they attempted to survive on an island on which they had been shipwrecked. Most episodes revolve around the dissimilar castaways' conflicts and their unsuccessful attempts, for whose failure Gilligan was frequently responsible, to escape their plight.

ellauri080.html on line 603: 	The last episode of the show, "Gilligan the Goddess", aired on April 17, 1967, and ended just like the rest, with the castaways still stranded on the island. It was not known at the time that it would be the series finale, as a fourth season was expected but then cancelled.

ellauri080.html on line 711:   Fred McFeely Rogers (March 20, 1928 – February 27, 2003), also known as Mister Rogers, was an American television host, author, producer, and Presbyterian minister. He was the creator, showrunner, and host of the preschool television series Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, which ran from 1968 to 2001.

ellauri080.html on line 712: The program was critically acclaimed for focusing on children's emotional and physical concerns, such as death, sibling rivalry, school enrollment, and divorce.

ellauri080.html on line 713: Rogers had a difficult childhood. He was shy, introverted, and overweight, and was frequently homebound after suffering bouts of asthma. He was bullied and taunted as a child for his weight, and called "Fat Freddy".

ellauri080.html on line 716: Rogers died of stomach cancer on February 27, 2003 at age 74. Rogers was red-green color-blind. He became a pescatarian in 1970, after the death of his father, and a vegetarian in the early 1980s, saying he "couldn't eat anything that had a mother". Rogers was a registered Republican, and a confirmed presbyterian. Despite his strong faith, Rogers struggled with anger, conflict, and self-doubt, especially at the end of his life. Despite Rogers' family's wealth, he cared little about making money, and lived frugally, especially as he and his wife grew older.

ellauri080.html on line 717: Rogers swam daily at the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, after waking every morning between 4:30 and 5:30 A.M. to pray and to "read the Bible and prepare himself for the day". He did not smoke or drink. He was a skinny shrimp who weighed 143lb (65kg) most of his adult life. 

ellauri080.html on line 726:     Mahatma Gandhi was born 2 October 1869, Porbandar, India.

ellauri080.html on line 727:     In 1930, he was the Time Magazine, Person of the year. His birth name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. “Mahatma” was an epithet meaning ‘great-souled one’ that was added to his name. He was first called ‘Mahatma’ by Rabindranath Tagore in 1915. Gandhi married aged 13 to Masturbai aged 14. Child marriage was common at the time, but Gandhi later came to oppose child marriage. Anyway to Masturbai. They had five children, one dying in infancy.

ellauri080.html on line 729:     At school, his academic results were described as mediocre. One report concluded that Gandhi was “good at English, fair in Arithmetic and weak in Geography; conduct very good, bad handwriting.”     His first English teacher was an Irishman, and so Gandhi spoke English with an Irish accent.

ellauri080.html on line 730:     As a teenager, he rebelled against the strict orthodox teachings of no alcohol, meat or womanising. After trying out all of them he made a vow to live a virtuous life. Aged 18 he travelled to England to train to be a barrister, and was made to swear a vow, by his orthodox Hindu family, he would not touch wine, women or meat. He was almost able to keep his vow. 

ellauri080.html on line 732:     In London, he became a committee member of the London Vegetarian Society, which counted luminaries such as George Bernard Shaw. At the time, vegetarianism was quite rare. Virtually nobody except Mr. Rogers believed in it.

ellauri080.html on line 733:     In India,  a Muslim friend encouraged Gandhi to eat goat’s meat. As Gandhi was physically weak, he agreed to it. But, that night he had a dream that the goat was crying inside his stomach. He said “I can’t eat meat anymore. I heard the goat's mother bleat from inside me.” He never ate meat again.

ellauri080.html on line 735:     In his adult life, Gandhi never drank alcohol and claimed that alcohol was ‘one of the most greatly-felt evils of the British Rule.’ Ill-health may have forced him to take a cup or two now and then.  

ellauri080.html on line 737:     Gandhi’s early law career in India was a struggle. He also refused a job as a high-school teacher in Bombay. To make a living, he took a job in South Africa for an Indian law firm.

ellauri080.html on line 738:     In South Africa, Gandhi became aware of the strong racism in South African society. He was stripped and thrown off a train in Pietermaritzburg and left shivering at the train station. This was a turning point in his life as it made him more aware of his political colour.

ellauri080.html on line 739:     His first political action was to try and oppose a bill which stripped Indians living in Natal.

ellauri080.html on line 741:     In 1897, he was stripped and nearly lynched by a white mob in Natal, but when the governor sought to press charges, Gandhi refused – saying he didn’t want to use a court of law for personal issues.

ellauri080.html on line 744:     For his service in the Boer War, Gandhi was awarded the Queen’s South Africa Medal. What the fuck was he doing fighting a colonial war for the British? On the other hand, Boers were no better than Brits in that respect. They took turns on sitting on the natives, with the Indian middle class sitting in the middle. 

ellauri080.html on line 745:     In 1906, Gandhi led the Indian population in South Africa in a series of non-violent protests against new laws forcing Indians to register. It was the birth of satyagraha (“devotion to truth”).

ellauri080.html on line 748:     Gandhi was never a man to hold a grudge. While in jail in South Africa he prepared a pair of sandals for Jan Smut to prove there was no ill-feeling. Smuts, in turn, gave a boot to his political adversary, Gandhi.

ellauri080.html on line 749:     During the First World War, Gandhi lived in India and was generally supportive of the British war effort, and even encouraged soldiers to join the British Indian army.

ellauri080.html on line 751:             1919 was a turning point for Gandhi; the government passed a new law which said those accused of sedition could be imprisoned without trial, also the Amritsar Massacre where 400 protesting Indians were killed. It was in 1919 that Gandhi turned against acquiescence to the British Empire and he began to lead non-violent protests.

ellauri080.html on line 754:             Gandhi’s most famous campaign was the Salt march of 1930. Gandhi walked to the ocean to make his own salt – thereby non-violently oppose the British law which forbade the Indians from making their own salt. Gandhi used to drink his own pee in the mornings to retain the salt.

ellauri080.html on line 757:             Gandhi campaigned vigorously for the rights of the untouchable caste or Dalit caste. He once remarked that if he was to be reborn, he would likely be reborn amongst the untouchable cast.

ellauri080.html on line 760:                     Gandhi was drawn to a simple life, and he founded an ashram (model community) based on traditional ways of living.

ellauri080.html on line 761:                     “There is more to life than increasing its speed.”            After returning from Africa to India. Gandhi opened an ashram, which was supported by rich businessmen. However, when Gandhi allowed an untouchable into his ashram, the businessmen, who were orthodox Hindus, stopped giving money – causing the ashram financial difficulties. However, one businessman started giving money to Gandhi on the condition of anonymity.

ellauri080.html on line 763:             In 1931, Gandhi was given an audience with King George V. An apocryphal account says Mahatma Gandhi was asked “what he thought of Western civilization?” he replied that “he thought it might be a good idea."

ellauri080.html on line 770:             Rabindranath Tagore, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature, was a great admirer of Gandhi, it was often Tagore alone who could persuade Gandhi to give up his fasts unto death.

ellauri080.html on line 772:             Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic Nathuram Godse on 30 January 1948, while leading a communal prayer group. Olis kannattanut käyttää nahkatakkia kuten Esa Saarinen. 

ellauri080.html on line 774:                     Gandhi was nominated several times for the Nobel Peace Prize, but he was never awarded the prize. In 1948, the prize was left unawarded with the committe seriously considering a posthumous prize.

ellauri080.html on line 776:                     It was said Gandhi unlike George Washington could not tell a lie.                     In 1906, aged 38 Gandhi took a vow of brahmacharya (celibacy) and struggled throughout his life to be celibate in both actions and thought.

ellauri080.html on line 777: But Gandhi was also a puritan and a misogynist who helped ensure that India remains one of the most sexually repressed nations on earth – and, by and large, a dreadful place to be born female. 

ellauri080.html on line 779: Gandhi despised his own sexual desires, and despised sex in any context except for procreation. He preached that the failure to control carnal urges led to complaints including constipation. He believed that sex was bad for the health of an individual, and that sexual freedom would lead Indians to failure as a people. He sought to consign his nation to what Martin Luther called "the hell of celibacy". He took his own celibacy vow unilaterally, without consulting his wife.

ellauri080.html on line 781: His sexual hang-ups caused him to carry monstrously sexist views. His view of the female body was warped. As accounted by Rita Banerji, in her book Sex and Power, "he believed menstruation was a manifestation of the distortion of a woman's soul by her sexuality".

ellauri080.html on line 783: During Gandhi's time as a dissident in South Africa, he discovered a male youth had been harassing two of his female followers. Gandhi responded by personally cutting the girls' hair off, to ensure the "sinner's eye" was "sterilised". Gandhi boasted of the incident in his writings, pushing the message to all Indians that women should carry responsibility for sexual attacks upon them. Such a legacy still lingers. In the summer of 2009, colleges in north India reacted to a spate of sexual harassment cases by banning women from wearing jeans, as western-style dress was too "provocative" for the males on campus.

ellauri080.html on line 785: Gandhi believed Indian women who were raped lost their value as human beings. He argued that fathers could be justified in killing daughters who had been sexually assaulted for the sake of family and community honour. He moderated his views towards the end of his life. But the damage was done, and the legacy lingers in every present-day Indian press report of a rape victim who commits suicide out of "shame". Gandhi also waged a war against contraceptives, labelling Indian women who used them as whores.

ellauri080.html on line 791: In the words of the Indian writer Khushwant Singh, "nine-tenths of the violence and unhappiness in this country derives from sexual repression". Gandhi isn't singularly to blame for India's deeply problematic attitudes to sex and female sexuality. But he fought, and succeeded, to ensure the country would never experience sexual freedom while his legend persevered. Gandhi's genius was to realise the great power of non-violent political revolution. But the violence of his thoughts towards women has contributed to countless honour killings and immeasurable suffering.

ellauri080.html on line 793:     Gandhi placed great value on self-sufficiency. As a lawyer he learnt to wash his own clothes, and later he also learnt to cut his own hair. Even though he was initially ridiculed for his messy hairstyle. Okay he said and shaved his head. Made him look the jailbird he was. 

ellauri080.html on line 795:     Gandhi went to jail many times. The first occasion was 11 January 1908. The last time was 6 May 1944. In total, he spent 2,338 days in jail.

ellauri080.html on line 798:                     Gandhi was brought up a Hindu, in the Vaishnava tradition. This is a sect that worships the Hindu god Vishnu.

ellauri080.html on line 799:                     Gandhi’s family was also closely connected to Jainism, a religion which made non-violence a key element.

ellauri080.html on line 805:             Gandhi was also inspired by Henry David Thoreau’s “Civil Disobedience” John Ruskin (for his critique of capitalism) and Leo Tolstoy and his philosophy of non-violence.

ellauri080.html on line 807:             Gandhi was close to a Jain friend Rajchandbhai Mehta.

ellauri080.html on line 809:             Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic on 30 January 1948, New Delhi, India. The fanatic could not leave the snake alone. 

ellauri080.html on line 886: 

ellauri082.html on line 45:   Elizabeth Lee Wurtzel (July 31, 1967 – January 7, 2020) was an American writer and journalist, known for the confessional memoir Prozac Nation, which she published at the age of 27. Her work often focused on chronicling her personal struggles with depression, addiction, career, and relationships. Wurtzel's work drove a boom in confessional writing and the personal memoir genre during the 1990s, and she was viewed as a voice of Generation X. In later life, Wurtzel worked briefly as an attorney before her death from breast cancer.

ellauri082.html on line 52: 
He was crazy as a cuckoo clock.

ellauri082.html on line 54: When David Foster Wallace committed suicide in 2008, it was clear he had been profoundly depressed. But the first major biography of the writer, D.T. Max’s Every Love Story Is a Ghost Story, out on August 30th, reveals an even more troubled mind than anyone realized. From the time he was in college, the brilliant author of Infinite Jest was in and out of institutions as he struggled with depression and addictions to alcohol and marijuana. But the book is also full of all kinds of other strange surprises, painting the most complete, and warmest, portrait of Wallace yet.

ellauri082.html on line 56: 
He wasn’t as good at tennis as he claimed.

ellauri082.html on line 58: Wallace described himself as “near great” at his favorite sport, but in reality he was just the 11th-best teenage player in central Illinois – not exactly a tennis hotbed. Still, he was good enough to beat Jay McInerney when they were both at the artist colony Yaddo.

ellauri082.html on line 70: Wallace was so embarrassed by his tendency to sweat that he carried a tennis racket in high school, hoping people would think he had just left the court. He was also serious about dental hygiene, keeping a toothbrush in his sock for emergencies.

ellauri082.html on line 76: 
He was a ladies’ man.

ellauri082.html on line 101: The biography by Tyrannosaurus Max paints a less than flattering portrait of Wallace. That’s not to say it’s a vicious takedown—it’s probably about as even-handed as a biography about the author is going to be, and I can imagine books about him in the future being a lot less level-headed in either direction. Basically, DFW was an extremely troubled individual and probably not a very awesome person qua person. He was often misanthropic, violent, cruel (especially to women), and self-absorbed. But what’s great about the biography is how it allows these rather hideous characteristics to disgust as well as inform; knowing the uglier aspects of DFW’s personality is extremely enlightening with regard to his work. It seems to me that the writer was extremely aware of his immense character flaws and sought in his work (his novels and his non-fiction particularly) to overcome them, and in his work he was able to occupy a wholly different realm than he was in his actual life. Well actually not at all that different. The books project a rather nasty person too. 

ellauri082.html on line 103: More than anything the biography is a testament to something even DFW himself would have said: do not build monuments to individuals. His genius is in his work, and in his case his work was both in writing and in acting; the DFW one sees and hears in interviews is DFW as spinner of fiction, not DFW as himself. One need not pretend David Foster Wallace was a god of sincerity and morality and self-awareness; his work clearly shows he was not.

ellauri082.html on line 105: Despite his flaws, DFW’s death is still a great tragedy, not because people are without their god of post-post-post-postmodernism, but because his redemptive and humanistic work is now decidedly finite. Well here sure was a humanist as far as technology is concerned. His work could have beeen made infinite by adding to the end: Poles are stupid, please turn over. 

ellauri082.html on line 107:     tl;dr: it was a good read

ellauri082.html on line 123: But at the same time, Hal’s condition deepens. Ever since Hal ate the mold as a child, he’s been a brilliant communicator but unable to feel. (694: “Hal himself hasn’t had a bona fide intensity-of-interior-life-type emotion since he was tiny … in fact he’s far more robotic than John Wayne.”) JOI was the only one who could see it. In life, everyone thought JOI was just being crazy but in death (as a wraith) he can actually read Hal’s thoughts and thus confirm his view.

ellauri082.html on line 125: In life he created the Entertainment to draw Hal out (Hal moves outwardly but doesn’t feel inside; victims of the Entertainment feel—something—inside but don’t move outwardly). After all, as he tells Gately, he was willing to resort to desperate measures: “No! No! Any conversation or interchange [between father and son] is better than none at all.” (839)

ellauri082.html on line 129: Described as coming from a kind of mold that “grows on other molds,” DMZ is an incredibly powerful and mysterious hallucinogen. It can have many different effects but often seems to transform a person’s ability to communicate. It is also nicknamed “Madame Psychosis,” after Joelle’s radio persona. Michael Pemulis manages to acquire some, but it is stolen before he and Hal can take it. It’s suggested that Hal has been affected by DMZ by the time of the Year of Glad, but it’s unclear how—whether from eating a piece of mold as a child and then withdrawing from marijuana, or having his toothbrush laced with Pemulis’s drugs (possibly by James’s wraith). As a result of this presumed DMZ consumption, Hal is able to feel strong emotions (which was impossible for him before) but unable to communicate. 

ellauri082.html on line 137: By the time of the match, his symptoms are so bad he’s taken by ambulance to the hospital (16: “the only other emergency room I have ever been in [was] almost exactly one year back”), safely escaping the A.F.R.’s assault. Like fellow student Otis P. Lord, he gets the bed next to Gately. Joelle (who is at the hospital for a meeting) visits Gately on her way out and recognizes Hal. She tells them both about the hunt for the lethal Entertainment and the resulting Continental Emergency and they all go to dig up JOI’s grave. They persuade John Wayne, a spy for the A.F.R., to become a double agent and help sneak them into JOI’s Quebec burial site. Wayne presumably tells the A.F.R. he is actually a triple agent — that he will steal the tape as soon as Hal digs it up. But, as with Marathe, his loyalties are ultimately even-numbered (n40). The A.F.R. finds out and brutally murders him, which is why he can’t win the WhataBurger (16f).

ellauri082.html on line 141: he’s with a very sad kid and they’re in a graveyard digging some dead guy’s head up and it’s really important, like Continental-Emergency important, and Gately’s the best digger but he’s wicked hungry, like irresistibly hungry, and he’s eating with both hands out of huge economy-size bags of corporate snacks so he can’t really dig, while it gets later and later and the sad kid is trying to scream at Gately that the important thing was buried in the guy’s head and to divert the Continental Emergency to start digging the guy’s head up before it’s too late, but the kid moves his mouth but nothing comes out, and Joelle van D. appears … while the sad kid holds something terrible up by the hair and makes the face of somebody shouting in panic: Too Late. (934)

ellauri082.html on line 143: It’s too late because someone got there first and took the anti-Entertainment cartridge (126) embedded in JOI’s head (31). Whoever took it is presumably the person who’s made and mailed the extant copies. It couldn’t be the A.F.R. or O.U.S. or they wouldn’t still be searching for it. It probably wasn’t the F.L.Q. because they didn’t know how to read master cartridges—they just thought they were blank tapes in their displays were blank. (483n205) It couldn’t be Avril acting alone; she has problems but she’s not that kind of cold-blooded killer. It had to have been Orin.1

ellauri082.html on line 159: Accusations that DFW is “talking down to” or “intentionally alienating” with his vocabulary I can understand somewhat–I don’t believe he was actually intending to make people feel stupid, but he’s clearly excessive and self-indulgent on occasion.

ellauri082.html on line 163:     In Brittany, it was said that when the Ankou (Death) when he came to get you, you heard the squeak of his chariot’s wheels. Faisait-elle? disent les Fauteils rollants sans pieds avec le squeak.

ellauri082.html on line 272: 	Frost was 38, pushing forty. Frost wrote the poem in June 1922 at his house in Shaftsbury, Vermont. He had been up the entire night writing the long poem "New Hampshire" and had finally finished when he realized morning had come. He went out to view the sunrise and suddenly got the idea for "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening".[2] He wrote the new poem "about the snowy evening and the little horse as if I'd had a hallucination" in just "a few minutes without strain."

ellauri082.html on line 284: Robert Frost is by no means the only poet in whom a hunger for recognition comes into conflict with a wariness, an inner reticence, a distaste for self-revelation. But I think in him the conflict was particularly acute. On the one hand he could be quite shameless in his pursuit of favourable reviews and his presentation to the public of a folksy and largely misleading image. On the other hand we have cryptic comments like in this poem it is not made explicit what the ‘things forbidden’ are that he has managed to preserve for himself but I take them to be his poems, or those things that his poems keep alive, and he is rightly confident enough in his own powers as a poet to feel that he has succeeded.

ellauri082.html on line 288: Em's poem was published posthumously in 1890 in Poems: Series 1, a collection of Dickinson's poems assembled and edited by her friends. Critics attribute the lack of fear in her tone as her acceptance of death as "a natural part of the endless cycle of nature," due to the certainty in her belief in Christ. (Silly, if death is a natural part of the endless cycle of nature who needs Christ meddling into it? Christ was no endless cycle guy but like Tom Hanks in "News of the world" a guy who points with his hand straight ahead, in a rigidly raising logistic line toward the abyss.)

ellauri082.html on line 316: She said he lived in a trailer by the river was 36 years old and was a motivational speaker. And was basically just not what you’d call a pleasant or attractive person at all.

ellauri082.html on line 438:     g) Helpful Henry was an American gag-a-day comic strip, created by cartoonist J. P. Arnot (Paul Arnot – Born: 16 September 1887 – Died: 2 December 1951). The series ran from July 17, 1922 until 1927 and was syndicated by International Feature Service. Jaakko Hintikka kutitti Kotkan varpaita Helpful Henrynä kun Kotka laittoi pussilakanaa.  

ellauri082.html on line 447:     was a transgender person rehupiiklesien Abbey Roadilla. 

ellauri082.html on line 458: Yes, you could say she was attractively built

ellauri082.html on line 475: Klinkkeri on yleisnimitys tuhlata teollisuusprosesseista, erityisesti niistä, jotka sisältävät sulatus metallit, hitsaus, polttamalla fossiilisia polttoaineita ja käyttö seppä n Forge, mikä yleensä aiheuttaa suuri kertyminen klinkkerin ympärille hormiin. Klinkeri muodostaa usein irrallisen, tumman kerrostuman, joka koostuu jätemateriaaleista, kuten koksista, hiilestä, kuonasta, puuhiilestä ja hiekasta . Klinkerillä on usein lasinen näkö, yleensä siksi, että prosessin aikana muodostuu sulaa piidioksidiyhdistettä. Klinkeri on yleensä paljon tiheämpi kuin koksi, ja toisin kuin koksi, se sisältää yleensä liian vähän hiiltä, ​​jotta sillä olisi arvo polttoaineena. Klinkeri (jäte) - Clinker_(waste)

ellauri082.html on line 505: Evolution is a slight problem I must own, it looks as if it was a continuous process of rearranging atoms, unless we urge that with the dawn of consciousness an entirely new nature seems to slip in, something whereof the potency was not given in the mere outward atoms of the original chaos. (I know it sounds both silly and pretentious, but what else can I say. I must save the appearances of the good book, or else I am soon out of my cozy Harvard chair.)

ellauri082.html on line 509: John Tyndall FRS (/ˈtɪndəl/; 2 August 1820 – 4 December 1893) was an Irish physicist. He first noticed the greenhouse effect but went on mountaineering happily in the melting glaciers. He was a member of a club that vocally supported Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and sought to strengthen the barrier, or separation, between religion and science. The most prominent member of this club was the anatomist Thomas Henry Huxley. Others included the social philosopher Herbert Spencer. 

ellauri082.html on line 761:      They also found that Virtue Signaling was significantly correlated with dark triad scores (r = .18).

ellauri082.html on line 781: "The underrepresentation of girls and women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is a continual concern for social scientists and policy makers. Using an international database on adolescent achievement in science, mathematics, and reading (n = 472,242), we show girls performed similarly or better than boys in science in two of every three countries, and in nearly all countries, more girls appeared capable of college-level STEM study than enrolled. Paradoxically, the sex differences in the magnitude of relative academic strengths and pursuit of STEM degrees increased with increases in national gender equality. The gap between boys’ science achievement and girls’ reading achievement relative to their mean academic performance was near universal. These sex differences in academic strengths and attitudes toward science correlated with the STEM graduation gap.  A mediation analysis suggests that life-quality pressures in less gender equal countries promote girls’ and women’s engagement with STEM subjects."

ellauri082.html on line 788:       “Confirming past research, there was a strong correlation (r = .69) between a country´s sex differences in personality and their Gender Equality Index. Additional analyses showed that women typically score higher than men on all five trait factors (Pessimism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness), and that these relative differences are larger in more gender equal countries.”

ellauri083.html on line 52: During the Cultural Revolution, Buck, as a preeminent American writer of Chinese village life, was denounced as an "American cultural imperialist".

ellauri083.html on line 54: Her 1962 novel Satan Never Sleeps described the Communist tyranny in China. Following the Communist Revolution in 1949, Buck was repeatedly refused all attempts to return to her beloved China and therefore was compelled to remain in the United States for the rest of her life. 

ellauri083.html on line 86: EDGAR WALSH: Someone - and I do not know who - took the manuscript from the house in which she died in Vermont and went away with it. Whoever that person was wound up in Texas, rented a storage unit and put the manuscript in there. And that's where it was found.

ellauri083.html on line 92: I was notified in December of last year that a woman in Texas who has a business buying storage units that have not paid their rent and she had purchased a unit in Fort Worth and discovered this manuscript, which was in a holographic form as a written manuscript, of course. And the woman in Texas wanted to sell it.

ellauri083.html on line 98: LYDEN: What a relief. You must have been so eager to read your mother's words so many years after her death. What was that like?

ellauri083.html on line 100: WALSH: It was fascinating, frankly, to read her final novel and to realize that it was, in a sense, an historic event. But reading this book just took me back to my many discussions with her about her work. And I just had a sense of awe that a woman, who, when she wrote this, was 78, 79 years old. And she knew she was dying. She was ill with cancer and she knew that she would be ending her life soon. But she sat down and, with a pen, wrote out over 300 pages.

ellauri083.html on line 135:   The Good Earth (English The Good Earth) is a historical fiction novel by American author Pearl S. Buck published in 1931 that dramatizes family life in a Chinese village in the early 20th century. It was influential in Buck's winning the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938. 

ellauri083.html on line 137:   The story begins on Wang Lung's wedding day and follows the rise and fall of his fortunes. The House of Hwang, a family of wealthy landowners, lives in the nearby town, where Wang Lung's future wife, O-Lan, lives as a slave. However, the House of Hwang slowly declines due to opium use, frequent spending, uncontrolled borrowing and a general unwillingness to work. He was willing to take any woman who knew how to work, except a harelip (which is just what Inger was). He was disappointed when O-Lan had big and ugly feet. These boots are made for walking...

ellauri083.html on line 139: Following the marriage of Wang Lung and O-Lan, both work hard on their farm and slowly save enough money to buy one plot of land at a time from the Hwang family. O-Lan delivers three sons and three daughters; the first daughter becomes mentally handicapped as a result of severe malnutrition brought on by famine. Her father greatly pities her and calls her "Poor Fool," a name by which she is addressed throughout her life. O-Lan kills her second daughter at birth to spare her the misery of growing up in such hard times, and to give the remaining family a better chance to survive. Pearl's daughter Carol was mentally handicapped too. 

ellauri083.html on line 159: The "first chapter summons up the days when the world was first settled, in 874 AD—for that is the year when the Norsemen arrived in Iceland, and one of the book's wry conceits is that no other world but Iceland exists. ... The book is set in the early decades of the twentieth century but ... Independent People is a pointedly timeless tale. It reminds us that life on an Icelandic croft had scarcely altered over a millennium". As the story begins, Bjartur ("bright" or "fair") has recently managed to put down the first payment on his own farm, after eighteen years working as a shepherd at Útirauðsmýri, the home of the well-to-do local bailiff, a man he detests. The land that he buys is said to be cursed by Saint Columba, referred to as "the fiend Kolumkilli", and haunted by an evil woman named Gunnvör, who made a pact with Kólumkilli.

ellauri083.html on line 163: However, Rósa is miserable in her new home, which does not compare well to the luxury she was used to at Rauðsmýri. Bjartur also discovers that she is pregnant by Ingólfur Arnarson Jónsson, the son of the bailiff. In the autumn, Bjartur and the other men of the district ride up into the mountains on the annual sheep round-up, leaving Rósa behind with a gimmer to keep her company. Terrified by a storm one night, desperate for meat and convinced that the gimmer is possessed by the devil, Rósa kills and eats the animal.

ellauri083.html on line 336: For all their profusion, these paled in comparison with Sachs's newest display pieces: The Cabinet, 2014, and The Rockeths, 2017. The former was a folding case fashioned from orange-and-white striped barricades and festooned with hundreds of tools, hung in groups and inscribed with the names of individuals who have "inspired, influenced, or frightened" the artist--from Le Corbusier and Louis Kahn to the members of the Wu-Tang Clan--while the latter was less a cabinet than a kind of portable workbench and shelving unit, similarly jam-packed with the tools of the artist's trade, as well as a collection of model rockets, all again labeled to namecheck various figures of personal importance--scientists, musicians, artists; Apollo, Dionysus, Stringer Bell. The fetishistic frisson the assembled materials (pens, pliers, drill bits, tape measures) clearly provoke in Sachs was made even more explicit in McMasterbation, 2016, one of a trio of scale-model space modules arrayed on plinths. Featuring a copy of the legendarily comprehensive McMaster-Carr hardware catalogue spread open like a porn mag centerfold designed for lonely gearheads--alongside a ready supply of Vaseline and a handy tissue dispenser--it was part cathectic confession of objectophilia and part self-derogating indictment of his own work's tendencies toward sometimes masturbatory excess. Smart and stupid, funny and somehow a bit sad, it was classic Sachs: too much information, in every sense of the phrase.

ellauri083.html on line 338:     Hendershot recalls that, in the Schreber case, God was believed to manifest his creative and destructive power as celestial rays (Freud 22). As with spider-webs and hedgehogs quills, this radial pattern describing dilation and contraction, movement back and forth from center to circumference and from circumference to center, is the essential figure for the paranoid narcissism of a subject who feels threatened by the world and guilty for having taken "his own body [...] as his love-object" (Freud 60). Signaling Fistule's repressed homosexuality, the rays of his intelligence had first been focused on the masochistic annihilation of his genitals, which he denies were the original object of his love ("organes hideux," "vomitoires de dejections"), and then had been used in reconstructing a sexless new reality. Insisting on his exemption from the Naturalist law of biological determinism, Fistule denies his human parentage and maintains that he was born of a star, which, shining like the rays of his genius, had inseminated him and allowed him to be the father of himself, causa sui. Homosexual guilt initially projected as the corruptibility of matter is overcome by Fistule's principle of Stellogenesis, which turns flesh into radiance and bodies into starlight. As Hendershot concludes: "In Freud's theory, the paranoiac withdraws from the world (decathexis), directs his or her cathectic energy to the ego resulting in self-aggrandizement, and then attempts to reestablish a cathectic relationship with the world in the form of a delusional system" 

ellauri083.html on line 342: M*A*S*H (an acronym for Mobile Army Surgical Hospital) is an American war comedy-drama television series that aired on CBS from 1972 to 1983. It was developed by Larry Gelbart as the first original spin-off series adapted from the 1970 feature film M*A*S*H, which, in turn, was based on Richard Hooker's 1968 novel MASH: A Novel About Three Army Doctors.

ellauri083.html on line 348: Early seasons aired on network prime time while the Vietnam War was still going on; the show was forced to walk the fine line of commenting on that war while at the same time not seeming to protest against it. For this reason, the show's discourse, under the cover of comedy, often questioned, mocked, and grappled with America's role in the Cold War.

ellauri083.html on line 354:     The finale titled "Goodbye, Farewell and Amen" was the most-watched and highest-rated single television episode in US television history 1983, with a record-breaking 125 million viewers.

ellauri083.html on line 374: At age seven Dylan first accused Allen of touching her inappropriately—a bombshell allegation that definitively tore apart the blended Allen-Farrow family, which was already reeling from Farrow’s discovery of nude photographs of her adopted daughter Soon-Yi Previn at Allen’s apartment. Dylan’s accusation has reverberated in the media ever since. Dylan would consistently repeat the allegation over the years—to her mother, to therapists, to experts, and to former Connecticut state prosecutor Frank Maco, who found probable cause for bringing a criminal case against Allen. (Maco said he ultimately declined to do so out of concern for retraumatizing a fragile child.)

ellauri083.html on line 376: Farrow has steadfastly supported her daughter throughout the years—but in Allen v. Farrow, she says she has also grown accustomed to Allen attacking her character and parenting skills in the press. (For decades Allen has claimed that Farrow coached Dylan, goading her into accusing Allen after Allen left Farrow for Previn.) Farrow explains her conflicting feelings to the cameras, saying that she wholeheartedly supported Dylan’s decision to write a 2014 op-ed for The New York Times outlining the abuse she claims to have suffered. But privately, Farrow admits in the docuseries, she “crumpled up inside,” knowing that Allen would likely resume his media attacks on her. “He couldn’t go after Dylan, because she was a child at the time, so he’d come after me.”

ellauri083.html on line 378: “What astounds me,” said Ziering in an interview, is that for the past nearly three decades, people assume that this has been a matter of “he said, she said”—meaning Allen’s word versus Farrow’s. But after Ziering and codirector Kirby Dick began their research, they realized, “Actually, it’s been a ‘he said, he said’ situation. Mia didn’t even speak until the Vanity Fair interview [in 2013]. Never. She is such a private person. That’s really important to know. And she was sort of blindsided by all these events that happened to her. And kept trying to navigate the best that she could just to protect her children and family.”

ellauri083.html on line 432: This computer program produced a glitch in the fifteenth century BC, a glitch caused by solar system bodies not being in their correct positions, indicating that nearly a day was missing from time. An additional 40 minutes also was missing several centuries later, so that the total missing time was one full day.

ellauri083.html on line 438: He reasoned that the battle was on the twenty-fourth day of the fourth month of the Hebrew civil calendar in the 2,555th year after the creation. This was the 933,285th day since creation. From this, Totten determined that this day was a Tuesday. Next, Totten calculated backward in time from June 17, 1890 to the battle of Gibeon. He concluded that the battle was 1,217,530 days previously, which was a Wednesday. Hence, there was a day missing. Of course, Totten’s computation required very precise dates, something that most people today would find ludicrous. However, Totten managed to obtain some audience in the late 19th century. While most people today are not impressed with such an approach, apparently invoking a computer, as in the Hill story, is sufficient to convince some people today. This story has been debunked many times, so it is a shame that it keeps being repeated.

ellauri083.html on line 440: The fact that NASA computers have not proved the account of Joshua’s long day does not mean that there was no miracle at the battle of Gibeon as recorded in the book of Joshua. We know that God’s word is inspired. Therefore, we know that the Bible is authoritative in all things, including history. Since Joshua 10:12–14 tells us that God performed this miracle, we can be assured that indeed He did perform this miracle. As Joshua 10:14 described it, “There has been no day like it before or since” (ESV).

ellauri083.html on line 500: The Hulk is incredibly strong and throughout most of the films he acts largely on the instinct of self-preservation, attacking anything that he perceives as a threat. Over time, Banner demonstrated an increasing ability to control the transformation, calling the Hulk at will, but was generally not able to recall events during the time he was in that form. The Hulk, conversely, became increasingly aware of Banner and able to stall the transformation back – one time staying in Hulk form for two years, becoming able to speak with others and control his destructive rage. Eventually, Banner was able to merge with the Hulk, combining Banner's mind and personality with the Hulk's body and strength.

ellauri083.html on line 546:     For there they that carried us away captive required of us a song; and they that wasted us required of us mirth, saying, Sing us one of the songs of Zion. 

ellauri083.html on line 667: The Bible is surprisingly full of humorous episodes that can make one chuckle or even laugh out loud. One of the first jokes God pulled was in the book of Genesis. When visiting Abraham and Sarah, God said to the elderly couple (well passed child-bearing years), “I will bless [Sarah], and moreover I will give you a son by her; I will bless her, and she shall be a mother of nations; kings of peoples shall come from her” (Genesis 17:16).

ellauri083.html on line 673:     Sarah had a similar reaction to the news, “Sarah laughed to herself, saying, ‘After I have grown old, and my husband is old, shall I have pleasure?’” (Genesis 18:12) God caught her laughing, but “Sarah denied, saying, ‘I did not laugh’; for she was afraid. He said, ‘No, but you did laugh’” (Genesis 18:15). You can’t pull a fast one on God! But God can pull a fast one on you! That's the diff!

ellauri088.html on line 544: Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow, published in 1886, is a collection of humorous essays by Jerome K. Jerome. It was the author’s second published book and it helped establish him as a leading English humorist. While widely considered one of Jerome’s better works, and in spite of using the same style as Three Men in a Boat, it was never as popular as the latter. A second "Idle Thoughts" book, The Second Thoughts of An Idle Fellow, was published in 1898.

ellauri088.html on line 547:     His 1908 play The Passing of the Third Floor Back introduced a more sombre and religious Jerome. The play was a tremendous commercial success. It was twice made into film, in 1918 and in 1935. However, the play was condemned by critics – Max Beerbohm described it as "vilely stupid" and as written by a "tenth-rate writer".

ellauri088.html on line 579: Then we looked for the knife to open the tin with.  We turned out everything in the hamper.  We turned out the bags.  We pulled up the boards at the bottom of the boat.  We took everything out on to the bank and shook it.  There was no tin-opener to be found.

ellauri088.html on line 585: It was George’s straw hat that saved his life that day.  He keeps that hat now (what is left of it), and, of a winter’s evening, when the pipes are lit and the boys are telling stretchers about the dangers they have passed through, George brings it down and shows it round, and the stirring tale is told anew, with fresh exaggerations every time.

ellauri088.html on line 589: After that, I took the tin off myself, and hammered at it with the mast till I was worn out and sick at heart, whereupon Harris took it in hand.

ellauri088.html on line 593: There was one great dent across the top that had the appearance of a mocking grin, and it drove us furious, so that Harris rushed at the thing, and caught it up, and flung it far into the middle of the river, and as it sank we hurled our curses at it, and we got into the boat and rowed away from the spot, and never paused till we reached Maidenhead.

ellauri088.html on line 601: It appeared that the song was not a comic song at all.  It was about a young girl who lived in the Hartz Mountains, and who had given up her life to save her lover’s soul; and he died, and met her spirit in the air; and then, in the last verse, he jilted her spirit, and went on with another spirit—I’m not quite sure of the details, but it was something very sad, I know.  Herr Boschen said he had sung it once before the German Emperor, and he (the German Emperor) had sobbed like a little child.  He (Herr Boschen) said it was generally acknowledged to be one of the most tragic and pathetic songs in the German language.

ellauri088.html on line 606: There is an iron “scold’s bridle” in Walton Church.  They used these things in ancient days for curbing women’s tongues.  They have given up the attempt now.  I suppose iron was getting scarce, and nothing else would be strong enough.

ellauri088.html on line 612: Jerome volunteered eagerly to serve his country at the outbreak of the great war, but, being 55 years old, was rejected by the British Army. Eager to serve in some capacity, he volunteered as an ambulance driver for the French Army.

ellauri089.html on line 48: Robert Anson Heinlein (/ˈhaɪnlaɪn/; July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was an American science-fiction author, aeronautical engineer, and Naval officer. Sometimes called the "dean of science fiction writers", he was among the first to emphasize scientific accuracy in his fiction, and was thus a pioneer of the subgenre of hard science fiction. His published works, both fiction and non-fiction, express admiration for competence and emphasize the value of critical thinking. His work continues to have an influence on the science-fiction genre, and on modern culture more generally.

ellauri089.html on line 51:     He was a sixth-generation German-American; a family tradition had it that Heinleins fought in every American war, starting with the War of Independence. Jim Marlowe, in Red Planet, and Don Harvey, in Between Planets, participate in insurrections patterned after the American Revolution, a plot Heinlein would most fully exploit in his adult novel, The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (1966).

ellauri089.html on line 69: Heinlein draws on his knowledge of school societies to make the Academy a “real” place; there are bull sessions, roommate problems, anxieties about passing, shared food packages, and parties at the Academy just as there are at any school, especially a boarding school or college. Also, as Matt becomes more and more a Cadet, he finds, as do many of Heinlein’s juvenile heroes, that he has grown beyond his family and that there is an unbridgeable gulf between his perspective as a Cadet and his parents’ perspectives as ground-dwellers in Kansas City. His living and working in space is a part of it, but even more important, Matt realizes, is his membership in an international/interplanetary organization. He is no longer the boy he was when he left home. He becomes aware of this difference and, understanding it, is able to deal with a family that now seems somewhat provincial to him.

ellauri089.html on line 87: Ginny undoubtedly served as a model for many of his intelligent, fiercely independent female characters. She was a chemist and rocket test engineer, and held a higher rank in the Navy than Heinlein himself. She was also an accomplished college athlete, earning four letter words.

ellauri089.html on line 96: When Robert A. Heinlein opened his Colorado Springs newspaper on April 5, 1958, he read a full-page ad demanding that the Eisenhower Administration stop testing nuclear weapons. The science fiction author was flabbergasted. He called for the formation of the Patrick Henry League and spent the next several weeks writing and publishing his own polemic that lambasted "Communist-line goals concealed in idealistic-sounding nonsense" and urged Americans not to become "soft-headed".

ellauri089.html on line 98: It started with the famous Henry quotation: "Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!!". It then went on to admit that there was some risk to nuclear testing (albeit less than the "willfully distorted" claims of the test ban advocates), and risk of nuclear war, but that "The alternative is surrender. We accept the risks." Heinlein was among those who in 1968 signed a pro-Vietnam War ad in Galaxy Science Fiction. Että semmonen libertiini.

ellauri089.html on line 103: He wanted to do his own juvenile work, stating that: "I want to do my own stuff, my own way". Vapaa sexi kiinnosti. Kirjassa Strangers in a strange land se oli aivan daft. Jill is homophobic and says that "nine times out of ten, if a girl gets raped it's partly her own fault." Bobia kiinnosti myös insesti. Heinlein often posed in situations where the nominal purpose of sexual taboos was irrelevant to a particular situation, due to future advances in technology.

ellauri089.html on line 106:       His hobby was stonemasonry. Bob ja Ginny kumpikiin veti smögää ketjuna mut bob sai köystistä vanhuxena tiakohtauxia. Heinlein jelppi Reagania tähtien sodassa vielä kalkkiviivoilla, mutta pettyi pahasti. 1987 se kirjoitti:

ellauri089.html on line 116: There's no gap between will and action, for Heinlein's juveniles  adulthood is devotion to something they want to do. This is the origin of  the books' guilelessness—for that worldview is innocence, down at its root, even when the grand theme of a book is slavery, war, or survival in harsh circumstances. Being human isn't an insoluble problem for them. It's a puzzle that has a solution: be juvenile. What made Robert Heinlein inimitable was the easiness of the people in those stories.

ellauri089.html on line 124: During the 1930s and 1940s, Heinlein was deeply interested in Alfred Korzybski's general semantics and attended a number of seminars on the subject. His views on epistemology seem to have flowed from that interest, and his fictional characters continue to express Korzybskian views to the very end of his writing career.

ellauri089.html on line 130: When Ayn Rand's novel The Fountainhead was published, Heinlein was very favorably impressed, as quoted in "Grumbles ..." and mentioned John Galt—the hero in Rand's Atlas Shrugged—as a heroic archetype in The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress. He was also strongly affected by the religious philosopher P. D. Ouspensky.

ellauri089.html on line 138: Growing up Mr. Heinlein was and still is one of my favorite writers...He is old school none of this sodomite loving and liberal rectum kissing for him he was a TRUE Flag Waving AMERICAN Patriot! And we need MEN like him today and NOT that COMMIE Sodomite Rag Head Zebera occupying OUR White House today!

ellauri089.html on line 141: I agree with R H people in entertainment didn't have a practical education like most who went to college, learned a bunch of stuff...then went in to the real world and found some of what they learned was wrong and only works in the theoretical mind of a college professor.

ellauri089.html on line 142: Woodrow Wilson I believe was a college professor who turned out to be a terrible president.

ellauri089.html on line 159: For average readers, Heinlein tells a good story; for better readers, Heinlein has challenges; and for the best readers, there is a kind of shared inside knowledge, a delight the reader feels when Heinlein makes a passing reference to Schiaperelli (sic) and the reader knows, without Heinlein’s ever explaining, who Schiaperelli was.

ellauri089.html on line 172: July 20, 1969, is probably the most important day in human history - the day men from Earth first set foot on another planet, Earth's moon. Robert Heinlein was a guest commentator (along with Arthur C. Clarke) with Walter Cronkite on this historic occasion.

ellauri089.html on line 182: Cyrano de Bergerac tän kuumatkailun aloitti, Verne ja Herge jatkoivat. Onnexi se on nyt tauolla. Heinlein was a mentor to Ray Bradbury, giving him help and quite possibly passing on the "payahead" concept, made famous by the publication of a letter from him to Heinlein thanking him. Apua, onko Bradburykin yhtä juveniili? Siis tollanen competent man.

ellauri089.html on line 198: The story examines religion through the eyes of Alex, a Christian political activist who is corrupted by Margrethe, a Danish Norse cruise ship hostess and loves every minute of it. Enduring a shipwreck, an earthquake, and a series of world-changes brought about by Loki (with Jehovah's permission), Alex and Marga work their way from Mexico back to Kansas as dishwasher and waitress.

ellauri089.html on line 353:     

ellauri089.html on line 544:         § 67. and by "metaphysical Ethics" I mean those systems which maintain or imply that the answer to the question "What is good?" logically depends upon the answer to the question "What is the nature of supersensible reality?" All such systems obviously involve the same fallacy—the "naturalistic fallacy"—by the use of which Naturalism was also defined. …

ellauri089.html on line 566:         § 78. (1) It has been commonly held, since Kant, that "goodness" has the same relation to Will or Feeling, which "truth" or "reality" has to Cognition: that the proper method for Ethics is to discover what is implied in Will or Feeling, just as, according to Kant, the proper method for Metaphysics was to discover what is implied in Cognition. …

ellauri089.html on line 576:         § 83. (2) If "being good" and "being willed" are not identical then the latter could only be a criterion of the former; and, in order to shew that it was so, we should have to establish independently that many things were good—that is to say, we should have to establish most of our ethical conclusions before the Metaphysics of Volition could possibly give us the smallest assistance. …

ellauri089.html on line 589:         § 87. and (2) What things are good in themselves? to which we gave one answer in deciding that pleasure was not the only thing good in itself. …

ellauri089.html on line 693: Public Domain Dedication Principia Ethica was written by G. E. Moore, and published in 1903. It is now available in the Public Domain.

ellauri090.html on line 103: Quincas Borba is a novel written by the Brazilian writer Machado de Assis. It was first published in 1891. It is also known in English as Philosopher or Dog? The novel was principally written as a serial in the journal A Estação from 1886 to 1891. It was definitively published as a book in 1892 with some small but significant changes from the serialized version.

ellauri090.html on line 105: Following The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas (1881) and preceding Dom Casmurro (1899), this book is considered by modern critics to be the second of Machado de Assis's realist trilogy, in which the author was concerned with using pessimism and irony to criticize the customs and philosophy of his time, in the process parodying scientism, Social darwinism, and Comte's positivism, although he did not remove all Romantic elements from the plot.

ellauri090.html on line 107: In contrast to the earlier novel of the trilogy, Quincas Borba was written in third person, telling the story of Rubião, a naive young man who becomes a disciple and later the heir of the titular philosopher Quincas Borba, a character in the earlier novel. While living according to the fictional "Humanitist" philosophy of Quincas Borba, Rubião befriends and is fooled by the greedy Christiano and his wife Sofia who manage to take him for his entire inheritance. 

ellauri090.html on line 167:     In Brazil, the word pardo has had a general meaning, since the beginning of the colonization. In the famous letter by Pêro Vaz de Caminha, for example, in which Brazil was first described by the Portuguese, the Amerindians were called "pardo": "Pardo, naked, without clothing". The word has ever since been used to cover African/European mixes, South Asian/European mixes, Amerindian/European/South Asian/African mixes and Amerindians themselves.

ellauri092.html on line 63: In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor fD, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe. Lewis Ferry Moody (5 January 1880 – 21 February 1953) was an American engineer and professor, best known for the Moody chart. He has 23 patents for his inventions. He was the first Professor of Hydraulics in the School of Engineering at Princeton. Tästä Moodysta ei löytynyt sen enempää, tuli umpiperä. Not the way out - exit through tunnel in rear, luki MIT:n vessan ovessa.  Mutta tämä sensijaan on motherlode:

ellauri092.html on line 65: Dwight Lyman Moody (February 5, 1837 – December 22, 1899), also known as D. L. Moody, was an American evangelist and publisher connected with Keswickianism, who founded the Moody Church, Northfield School and Mount Hermon School in Massachusetts (now Northfield Mount Hermon School), Moody Bible Institute and Moody Publishers. One of his most famous quotes was “Faith makes all things possible... Love makes all things easy.“ Moody gave up his lucrative boot and shoe business to devote his life to revivalism, working first in the Civil War with Union troops through YMCA in the United States Christian Commission. In Chicago, he built one of the major evangelical centers in the nation, which is still active. Working with singer Ira Sankey, he toured the country and the British Isles, drawing large crowds with a dynamic speaking style. Jesus was a great motivational speaker, and the apostles plus Paul of Tarsus copycatted him to the best of their abilities.

ellauri092.html on line 78: Dwight Lyman Moody was born into a bankrupt family of nine children with a father who loved whiskey and who died when Dwight was just four. His mother sent them to a school where he learnt very little, and she sent them to the First Congregational Church where he learnt less. His upbringing was something of a disciplined, Puritan-influenced life.

ellauri092.html on line 80:  By 17 years old this stout young Yankee decided to leave his farming work at home and head for Boston where he became a shoe salesman. Like Al Bundy. Taivas on todennäköisesti täynnä kadonneita parittomia sukkia. Ne ovat kaikki pelastuneet sinne. Kun mun sukkaan tulee reikä heitän sen roskiin mutta pelastan parittoman, koska mun lähes kaikki sukat ovat mustia. Vartioin niitä mustasukkaisesti ja teen leskexi jääneistä uusia pareja. He attended a Congregationalist Church which bored him as did all religious matters but over the next year the convicting message of sin and righteousness began to take effect. At the same time though, he raised up a wall of arguments. He settled his heart by deciding to leave the matter until his deathbed, but Cod’s Word continued to disturb him. No wonder: this was good old Boston, the home of the bean and the cod, Where the Lowells talk to the Cabots, And only the Cabots talk to Cod.

ellauri092.html on line 82:  In April 1855 young Edward Kimball a Sunday school teacher was deeply burdened by Moody’s sole. Kimball left his house and made his way to the shoe shop where Moody worked with the intention of confronting Moody about his standing in front of Cod. A thousand contrary thoughts invaded the young man’s mind and he almost turned back. When he realized he had passed the shop he decided he would go for it and get it over with quickly. With what he later thought was a very weak plea with tears in his eyes he challenged Moody concerning his salivation, Cod’s tail and his need of a waist. That day in the back of the shop on his knees Moody accepted his price and Kimball returned home within minutes with new soles. Salivation while you wait. 

ellauri092.html on line 84: The first change in Moody was that he received a burden to see all his family earnings saved. Later that year he moved to Chicago and although he started to show signs of real shoe business ability and success, when he experienced the revival which commenced in that city in January 1857, business success faded into insignificance. He was ruined - success of this world no longer interested him instead, he began to glow in Christian virtue. He mixed freely amongst Plymouth Brethren, Methodist Episcopal, Congregationalists and Baptists. The years passed and he worked with the men in tights at YMCA and raised up one of the most unusual Sunday Schools of that day which became a church. He reluctantly began to preach and haggled every step of the way. He turned down Congregational ordination and remained a simple uneducated layman with a burden for souls. Having heard of Spurgeon’s ministry in London he did all he could to get hold of and read every Spurgeon sermon. He took thorough hold of Spurgeon’s three ‘R’s: Ruin by the fall, Redemption by the Blood, and Regeneration by the Holy Mackerel. This flowed through every one of his messages and was the marrow of Moody’s theology. Many thought him too radical and so nicknamed him ‘Crazy Moody.’

ellauri092.html on line 86:  When his wife Emma suffered bad asthma the doctor suggested a boat trip so Moody decided to take her to dry and airy Britain. In February 1867 they set sail for Britain for the first time. Altogether they had a thoroughly inspiring time. They visited Spurgeon’s Metropolitan Tabernacle which had a congregation of 5,000. He sat amongst the Plymouth Brethren and heard their most fervent preachers as well as preaching for them. He could preach as fervently as any tommy, if not more. He was also invited to speak at some meetings in London where his warmth won everyone’s affection while his wife coughed in the smog. He also visited Bristol to see George Muller’s work where 1,500 orphan children were provided for financially without requests for money. (The trick is familiar from Dickens' Oliver Twist.) Moody was very impressed with what Cod could accomplish going through this meek godly man of prayer. They managed to include Dublin and France in the trip then in June they returned to America.

ellauri092.html on line 88:     He became very settled and successful in ministry in Chicago. He sat on at least ten separate committees while at the same time fighting the gall of Cod to step out as an itinerant Evangelist. Cash flow was becoming mechanical. In June 1871 a great burden came upon two older ladies in his congregation to pray that he would receive the baptism of the Holy Ghost and fire. These two hot ladies became very obvious to Moody as they sat on the front pew and prayed as he preached. When he enquired about their praying they informed him that they needed the power of the Spirit.

ellauri092.html on line 90: At first Moody could satisfy himself so that was ok. But the persistence of these ladies led him to meet and pray with them. They poured out their hearts asking Cod to fill them with His servant's Spirits. From that day a deep hunger and thirst gripped Moody. By October he was in agony for sole as he prayed and munched Cod for the promised gift. At times he would roll on the floor in agony with the ladies and in tears with this singular prayer to be baptised in the Holy Mackerel grilled with fire. This was a wrestle between his willy and Cod’s willy. It was that very month that Chicago burnt to the ground by ghost fire. All his works, efforts and organizational committees literally went up in a blaze. Shortly after this while passing through New York on his way to Britain the second time Cod heard his prayer. As he walked the streets his willy bent before Cod's, the power of the Golden Horde fell upon him, the Ford drew near and revealed Himself to be His servant. Moody rushed to a friend’s house and asked for rum and to be left alone. Hour after hour he bathed in the presence of Cod as the Holy Mackerels filled him. So strong was this that he cried out to Cod to stay in His hand lest He die. He was filled with the joy of the Gourd. When he left that house it was in the power of the fire, just like Chicago the other day.

ellauri092.html on line 92:  He fleed to England for a few months of rest and with a desire to draw ale with Christian leaders there. He had no intention of zonking although he did a few times but he attended conventions and conferences and wrote numbers of notes and thoughts. He met with the Plymouth Brethren near Dublin and he spent a whole night kneeling in fervent prayer with about 20 of these jealous men. That next morning he walked with Henry “Butcher” Varley through the streets. This Br'er Rabbit said something to him which made a deep impact on the weasel Cod was forming. He said “Moody, the world has yet to see what Cod will do to a man full of It.” That night as these words still reverberated in his mind and heart he vowed that by the grace of Cod and the power of the Holy Mackerels he would be that man. All who met with him during this journey in Britain and Ireland were strangely aware that Cod was preparing a great work in this man. You could smell it a mile away. Mackerels!

ellauri092.html on line 94:  Before returning home he was persuaded to preach at a Congregational church in Arundel Square, London. The massage came with real power. As a result over 400 new convict perverts were taken into membership in the following weeks. As other requests to preach reached him he decided he would return home and prepare to return for a period of six months at a later stage, all expenses paid. 

ellauri092.html on line 96:  So in June 1873 he arrived again into Liverpool, England, accompanied by his asthmatic wife and song leader Ira Sankey as his other wife. Key men who were leaders and financers who had invited him with the promise of financial help had died since he was last there. There were no meetings, no funds and no committees. What the fuck. It seemed all was lost. Maybe they would just have to return to America? Only one unattractive invitation came from York in the North of England and so there they went. It was hard ground but in the midst of these meetings one unimpressed minister called F.B. Meyer slowly melted and then ignited with holy fervent fire. Our friends fled the scene as fast as they could. Next the Evangelistic foursome moved to Sunderland for several weeks of sole eating meetings where Cod’s power to inflate liver was manifest. In August they brought coals to Newcastle where a daily paper meeting was conducted with some 300 saints in attendance. No other lighting was necessary. News spread throughout the whole land that Creedence Clearvater Revival was coming to churches and salivation to thousands. Other towns were visited in the same manner and left as quickly as the audience caught on that a less inspiring Yankee foursome was doing the song and play. 

ellauri092.html on line 98: Next came the invitation to Edinburgh, Scotland. Only eternity will reveal the results of this revival which started in November, 1873. On the first night at the first meeting 2,000 people had to be turned away because the tiller was already filled to capacity. By now Moody had the full backing and support of many great theologians as well as all national financiers of every occupation. It was later said that “The revival in Edinburgh was like a Holocaust to the land”. Cold Calvinism gave way to fiery evangelism. This great city was startled out of its sleep and stirred to its depths. In the New Year they travelled on to see Crocodile Dundee, Glasgow and elsewhere. This was not successful evangelism, it was Creedence Clearwater Revival live. The nine months in Scotland ended, but the revival burned on a few days. Then things returned to normal.

ellauri092.html on line 102:  In November 1882 when he spoke at Cambridge University he was filled with great anxiety as this educational centre for Britain’s aristocratic and wealthy youth had a reputation of unparalleled riotous behaviour. That first night at a Zoom meeting Moody spoke on ‘the Spirit’s power service.’ The university vicar Handley Moule was somewhat nervous. The young C.T. Studd (the same guy who impressed J.R.Mott with his biceps) greatly doubted ‘if this Yankee was up to the task.’ The first mission night on the Monday had 1,700 students in attendance. As Sankey sang his sacred Hymns they jeered, laughed and shouted. When Sankey finished he was near to tears. As Moody preached on Daniel in the lions den (how appropriate) again they laughed, shouted and did all in their power to disturb him. He maintained his calm. By the end of the week at least 200 students had accepted a check from the speaker. Amongst them was a main ‘ringette player’ who later assumed missionary position in China and was the first lady Bishop of King Kong. Out of this mission came The Cambridge Seven, missionaries who made a lot of dough. This campaign had huge proceeds that also leeched the youth of the whole nation.

ellauri092.html on line 104: During the summer of 1883 he returned home to count the revenue but was back again; first to Ireland and then London in November. For the next 8 months he held his greatest meetings yet in the capital. Many of his best new labourers were the pervert convicts from 1875. This campaign sealed the future destiny of many young men who would later go to the admission collection field. It was not long after his death in 1899 that his sermons were second only in demand to Pilgrim’s Progress and were printed right across the ad pages of the Boston Globe.

ellauri092.html on line 106: This however, is a mere summary of a man who showed the world what could be done when a man was fully constipated due to Cod and as practiced as a Late Night Host. 

ellauri092.html on line 153: Baptists in the South supported slavery "for economic and social reasons", although this was never admitted. Instead, it was claimed that slavery was beneficent, and endorsed in the Bible by God. However, Baptists in the North disagreed strongly, claiming that God would not "condone treating one race as superior to another". Southerners, on the other hand, held that God intended the races to be separate. Finally, around 1835, Southern states began complaining that they were being slighted in the allocation of funds for missionary work.

ellauri092.html on line 155: The break occurred in 1844, when the Home Mission Society announced that a person could not be simultaneously both a missionary and a slaveowner.[citation needed] Faced with this challenge, the Baptists in the South assembled in May 1845 in Augusta, Georgia, and organized the Southern Baptist Convention, which was pro-slavery. Throughout the remainder of the 19th century and throughout most of the 20th the Southern Baptist Convention continued to protect systemic racism and opposed civil rights for African-Americans, only officially and definitively renouncing slavery and "racial" discrimination with a resolution in 1995.

ellauri092.html on line 180:   The First Great Awakening was a religious movement among colonials in the 1730s and 1740s. The English Calvinist Methodist preacher George Whitefield played a major role, traveling up and down the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style, accepting everyone as his audience. It was the largest denomination in 1820. 

ellauri092.html on line 182: The Third Great Awakening from 1858 to 1908 saw enormous growth in Methodist membership, and a proliferation of institutions such as colleges (e.g., Morningside College). Methodists were often involved in the Missionary Awakening and the Social Gospel Movement. The awakening in so many cities in 1858 started the movement, but in the North it was interrupted by the Civil War. In the South, on the other hand, the Civil War stimulated revivals, especially in Lee´s army. 

ellauri092.html on line 192:   Whereas most American Methodist worship is modeled after the Anglican Communion´s Book of Common Prayer, a unique feature was the once practiced observance of the season of Kingdomtide, which encompasses the last thirteen weeks before Advent, thus dividing the long season after Pentecost into two discrete segments. During Kingdomtide, Methodist liturgy emphasizes charitable work and alleviating the suffering of the poor. This practice was last seen in The Book of Worship for Church and Home by The United Methodist Church, 1965, and The Book of Hymns, 1966. While some congregations and their pastors might still follow this old calendar, the Revised Common Lectionary, with its naming and numbering of Days in the Calendar of the Church Year, is used widely. However, congregations who strongly identify with their African American roots and tradition would not usually follow the Revised Common Lectionary.

ellauri092.html on line 217: Whatever the case, it is indisputable that Baptists have been a major branch of denominations since at least the 17th century. In America, the First Baptist Church of Providence, Rhode Island was founded in 1639. Today, Baptists comprise the largest Protestant family of denominations in the United States. The largest Baptist denomination is also the largest Protestant denomination. That honor goes to the Southern Baptist Convention.

ellauri092.html on line 219: Methodism also can confidently claim roots that go back centuries; right back to John Wesley, who founded the movement in England, and later in North America. Wesley was unhappy with the “sleepy” faith of the Church of England and sought to bring renewal and revival and spirituality to the practice of Christians. He did this especially through open air preaching, and home meetings which soon formed into societies. By the end of the 18th century, Methodist societies were taking root in the American Colonies, and it soon spread across the continent.

ellauri092.html on line 269: In 1859 William Boardman published his book, The Higher Christian Life. The book ultimately birthed the Keswick Movement, so named because the first meeting was held in a church in Keswick, England. The Keswick Movement was filled with doctrinal error from the start and like nearly all errors that infiltrated Christendom over the centuries, they remain to this day. This shouldn’t surprise us because Satan has always twisted God’s Word to his own ends.

ellauri092.html on line 275: Though Boardman was a Presbyterian and strongly influenced by the numerous heresies of Charles Finney and others, he was not a trained theologian. In fact, it is tragic that many errors that crept into the church were introduced by people who had little to no training in rightly dividing the Word. This is not to say that a person with little to no formal training cannot be used by God or that he is exempt from learning the truth of Scripture (Harry Ironsides is a good example). However, there is a proper hermeneutic to be used in studying Scripture and if not applied, many errors can result.

ellauri092.html on line 279: As a young Christian, because of a lack of discipleship, I was literally tossed about on various theological waves because of my emotions. Because of that I was drawn into the Charismatic Movement. Looking back now, I fully realize my error.

ellauri092.html on line 318: It is no wonder that as a young Christian, devouring many of the writings by Tozer, Murray, Lawrence and others led me into severe confusion and ultimately pushed me into the Charismatic Movement seeking what I thought was “holiness.” Turns out it was my unchecked emotions that pushed and pulled me.

ellauri092.html on line 330: Andrew Murray, A W Tozer and others now make perfect sense to me when I read their books. They were mystics who sought, focused on and tended to emphasize an emotional experience they believed was holiness. I understand that mistake because I also desperately reached for that for several years. It doesn’t work and causes the Christian to constantly look to his/her emotions for verification.

ellauri092.html on line 332: By way of example I have been married to my wonderful wife for 35 years. The day I met her, I liked her. As we dated, I fell in love with her. That “love” was largely an emotional rush based on my feelings toward her. There were times when I thought my heart would explode because of my “love” (emotion) for her. Over time that changed and my love for my wife became more solidified and did not rely on emotion.

ellauri092.html on line 427:       Crumbling buildings, unique people, right up against the Mississippi River flood plain with a giant wall; this was the weirdest place I’d ever been in America. Precisely every third house was burned to the ground on one street, everyone standing on both sides of another street was a dwarf, a clerk looked like a zombie. Most American cities have odd scenery. Luxora had that and weird people as well!

ellauri092.html on line 520: Irina Krohn is best known as a Politician. She was born on July 10, 1962 in Finland.

ellauri092.html on line 521: On TRENDCELEBSNOW.COM, she is one hell of a successful Politician. She has ranked on the list of those famous people who were born on July 10, 1962. She is one of the Richest Politician  who was born in Finland.

ellauri093.html on line 119:     James Hudson Taylor (Chinese: 戴德生; pinyin: dài dé shēng (wear for life???); 21 May 1832 – 3 June 1905) was a British Protestant Christian missionary to China and founder of the China Inland Mission (CIM, now OMF International). Taylor spent 51 years in China. The society that he began was responsible for bringing over 800 missionaries to the country who started. He founded

ellauri093.html on line 124: Taylor was born on 21 May 1832 the son of a chemist (pharmacist) and Methodist lay preacher James Taylor and his wife, Amelia (Hudson), but as a young man he ran away from the Christian beliefs of his parents. At 17, after reading an evangelistic tract pamphlet entitled "Poor Richard", he professed faith in Christ, and in December 1849, he committed himself to going to China as a missionary. Vaihtoi metodia. Sen guru Cronin oli Plymouthin Brethreneitä.

ellauri093.html on line 126: Having been accepted as missionaries by Hudson Taylor of the China Inland Mission the seven were scheduled to leave for China in early February 1885. Before leaving the seven held a farewell tour to spread the message across the country – it was during this tour that someone dubbed them "The Cambridge Seven."

ellauri093.html on line 128: For the next month, the seven toured the University campuses of England and Scotland, holding meetings for the students. Queen Victoria was pleased to receive their booklet containing The Cambridge Seven's testimonies. The record of their departure is recorded in "The Evangelisation of the World: A Missionary Band". It became a national bestseller. Their influence extended to America where it led to the formation of Robert Wilder's Student Volunteer Movement.

ellauri093.html on line 130: The conversion and example of the seven was one of the grand gestures of 19th-century missions, making them religious celebrities; as a result, their story was published as "The Evangelisation of the World" and was distributed to every YMCA and YWCA throughout the British Empire and the United States.

ellauri093.html on line 132: Though their time together was brief, they helped catapult the China Inland Mission from obscurity to "almost embarrassing prominence", and their work helped to inspire many recruits for the CIM and other mission societies. In 1885, when the Seven first arrived in China, the CIM had 163 missionaries; this had doubled by 1890 and reached some 800 by 1900, which represented one-third of the entire Protestant missionary force.

ellauri093.html on line 174: Major General Orde Charles Wingate, DSO & Two Bars (26 February 1903 – 24 March 1944) was a senior British Army officer, known for his creation of the Chindit deep-penetration missions in Japanese-held territory during the Burma Campaign of the Second World War.

ellauri093.html on line 176: Wingate was an exponent of unconventional military thinking and the value of surprise tactics. Assigned to Mandatory Palestine, he became a supporter of Zionism, and set up a joint British-Jewish counter-insurgency unit. Under the patronage of the area commander Archibald Wavell, Wingate was given increasing latitude to put his ideas into practice during the Second World War. He created units in Abyssinia and Burma.

ellauri093.html on line 178: At a time when Britain was in need of morale-boosting generalship, Wingate attracted British Prime Minister Winston Churchill's attention with a self-reliant aggressive philosophy of war, and was given resources to stage a large-scale operation. The last Chindit campaign may have determined the outcome of the Battle of Kohima, although the offensive into India by the Japanese may have occurred because Wingate's first operation had demonstrated the possibility of moving through the jungle. In practice, both Japanese and British forces suffered severe supply problems and malnutrition.

ellauri093.html on line 180: Wingate was killed in an aircraft accident late in the war. The casualty rate the Chindits suffered, especially from disease, is a continuing controversy. Wingate believed that resistance to infection could be improved by inculcating a tough mental attitude, but medical officers considered his methods unsuited to a tropical environment.

ellauri093.html on line 182: Wingate was known for various eccentricities. For instance, he often wore an alarm clock around his wrist, which would go off at times, and had raw onions and garlic on a string around his neck, which he would occasionally bite into as a snack (the reason he used to give for this was to ward off mosquitoes). He often went about without clothing. In Palestine, recruits were used to having him come out of the shower to give them orders, wearing nothing but a shower cap, and continuing to scrub himself with a shower brush. Sometimes Wingate would eat only grapes and onions.

ellauri093.html on line 184: Lord Moran, Winston Churchill's personal physician, wrote in his diaries that "[Wingate] seemed to me hardly sane – in medical jargon a borderline case." Likewise, referring to Churchill's meeting with Wingate in Quebec, Max Hastings wrote that, "Wingate proved a short-lived protégé: closer acquaintance caused Churchill to realise that he was too mad for high command."

ellauri093.html on line 186: Field Marshal Montgomery told Moshe Dayan in 1966 that he considered Wingate to have "been mentally unbalanced and that the best thing he ever did was to get killed in a plane crash in 1944."

ellauri093.html on line 304: She removed Stranleigh’s coat with a dexterity that aroused his imagination. The eider woman returned with skimpy dressings and a sponge, which she placed on a chair. Carry your head along as your eiders have done. After being a member of the Church for a while, Bill was ordained to the office of an eider. Jack had been an eider for only a few days when he received a new calling whistle. The eiders are coming over for dinner tonight. One of the long-time leaders in the Church is Eider Pennypacker.

ellauri093.html on line 458: Rasmus Nielsen (1809–1884) was a Danish philosopher and professor, as well as a critic of Søren Kierkegaard. In his books, Søren's Nielsen ratings hit an all-time low. Nielsen was the son of a farmer. He studied theology before Darwin's Time. He succeeded Poul Martin Møller as professor of moral theology.

ellauri093.html on line 905: FOR MANY years it has been my privilege to teach Jewish young men the way of salvation. Naturally I began by showing them Christ in the Old Testament, how our heavenly Father began to teach His young children in object lessons and how their Messiah was foreshadowed in type and prophecy.

ellauri094.html on line 92: Kari Syreeni argues that the gospel is a heavily reworked edition of an earlier Johannine work, and that the original did not include Jesus' passion. Syreeni theorizes that the original gospel ended at Chapter 12, with the notion of Jesus' disappearance from the world, and that the passion narrative was incorporated by a later editor freely using the existing gospels of Mark and Matthew.

ellauri094.html on line 94: Syreeni suggests that the letters of John - written after the predecessor gospels but before the final edition - reveal a schism in the Johannine community that was caused by the majority faction's acceptance of Jesus' death and resurrection, as it was then recorded in the new gospel. By exploring the gospel's different means of legitimizing the passion story, such as the creation of the 'Beloved Disciple' to witness Jesus' passion, and the foreshadowing of the resurrection of Jesus in the miracle of Lazarus, Syreeni provides a bold and provocative case for a new understanding of John.

ellauri094.html on line 211: Archaeological studies have revealed that, although Jerusalem was utterly destroyed, other parts of Judah continued to be inhabited during the period of the exile. Most of the exiled did not return to their homeland, instead travelling westward and northward. Many settled in what is now northern Israel, Lebanon and Syria. The Iraqi Jewish, Persian Jewish, Georgian Jewish, and Bukharan Jewish communities are believed to derive their ancestry in large part from these exiles. These communities are now largely concentrated in Israel.

ellauri094.html on line 219: Nebuchadnezzar and the Babylonian forces returned in 588/586 BCE and rampaged through Judah, leaving clear archaeological evidence of destruction in many towns and settlements there. Clay ostraca from this period, referred to as the Lachish letters, were discovered during excavations; one, which was probably written to the commander at Lachish from an outlying base, describes how the signal fires from nearby towns were disappearing: "And may (my lord) be apprised that we are watching for the fire signals of Lachish according to all the signs which my lord has given, because we cannot see Azeqah." Archaeological finds from Jerusalem testify that virtually the whole city within the walls was burnt to rubble in 587 BCE and utterly destroyed.

ellauri094.html on line 221: Archaeological excavations and surveys have enabled the population of Judah before the Babylonian destruction to be calculated with a high degree of confidence to have been approximately 75,000. Taking the different biblical numbers of exiles at their highest, 20,000, this would mean that only about the fattest 25% of the population had been deported to Babylon, with the remaining 75% of havenots staying in Judah.  Although Jerusalem was destroyed and depopulated, with large parts of the city remaining in ruins for 150 years, numerous other settlements in Judah continued to be inhabited, with no signs of disruption visible in archaeological studies.

ellauri094.html on line 223: The Cyrus Cylinder (not to be confused with Joakim von Anka´s cylinder hat), an ancient tablet on which is written a declaration in the name of Cyrus referring to restoration of temples and repatriation of exiled peoples, has often been taken as corroboration of the authenticity of the biblical decrees attributed to Cyrus, but other scholars point out that the cylinder's text is specific to Babylon and Mesopotamia and makes no mention of Judah or Jerusalem. Professor Lester L. Grabbe asserted that the "alleged decree of Cyrus" regarding Judah, "cannot be considered authentic", but that there was a "general policy of allowing deportees to return and to re-establish cult sites". He also stated that archaeology suggests that the return was a "trickle" taking place over decades, rather than a single event.

ellauri094.html on line 225: As part of the Persian Empire, the former Kingdom of Judah became the province of Judah (Yehud Medinata) with different borders, covering a smaller territory. The population of the province was greatly reduced from that of the kingdom, archaeological surveys showing a population of around 30,000 people in the 5th to 4th centuries BCE.

ellauri094.html on line 229: The exilic period was a rich one for Hebrew literature. Biblical depictions of the exile include Book of Jeremiah 39–43 (which saw the exile as a lost opportunity); the final section of 2 Kings (which portrays it as the temporary end of history); 2 Chronicles (in which the exile is the "Sabbath of the land"); and the opening chapters of Ezra, which records its end. Other works from or about the exile include the stories in Daniel 1–6, Susanna, Bel and the Dragon, the "Story of the Three Youths" (1 Esdras 3:1–5:6), and the books of Tobit and Book of Judith. The Book of Lamentations arose from the Babylonian captivity. The final redaction of the Pentateuch took place in the Persian period following the exile,:310and the Priestly source, one of its main sources, is primarily a product of the post-exilic period when the former Kingdom of Judah had become the Persian province of Yehud.

ellauri094.html on line 231: In the Hebrew Bible, the captivity in Babylon is presented as a punishment for idolatry and disobedience to Yahweh in a similar way to the presentation of Israelite slavery in Egypt followed by deliverance. The Babylonian Captivity had a number of serious effects on Judaism and Jewish culture. For example, the current Hebrew alphabet was adopted during this period, replacing the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet.

ellauri094.html on line 233: This period saw the last high point of biblical prophecy in the person of Ezekiel, followed by the emergence of the central role of the Torah in Jewish life. According to many historical-critical scholars, the Torah was redacted during this time, and began to be regarded as the authoritative text for Jews. This period saw their transformation into an ethno-religious group who could survive without a central Temple. Israeli philosopher and Biblical scholar Yehezkel Kaufmann said “The exile is the watershed. With the exile, the religion of Israel comes to an end and Judaism begins.”

ellauri094.html on line 237:   In Rabbinic literature, Babylon was one of a number of metaphors for the Jewish diaspora. Most frequently the term "Babylon" meant the diaspora prior to the destruction of the Second Temple. The post-destruction term for the Jewish Diaspora was "Rome", or "Edom".

ellauri094.html on line 316: 

ellauri094.html on line 318: God has a funny way of treating his “chosen people.” Apparently, the Jews were misbehaving and being ungodly. After several years of some other shenanigans in Babylon, god decided it was time to put his foot down and end the free will of the king by having him take the Jewish people captive. This was in ca. 597 BCE. First I’d like to ask the following questions: Shouldn’t god have known that his “chosen people” were going to act like brats? Couldn’t he have chosen a better, more well-behaved group of people to whom to deliver his word? Anyway, moving on.

ellauri094.html on line 337:   was-the-babylonian-captivity/">

ellauri094.html on line 339: For today’s post we will tackle the question the Skeptic Annotated Bible asked: How long was the Babylonian Captivity?

ellauri094.html on line 356: The skeptic tries to pit Jeremiah 29:10 as affirming the claim “The Babylonian Captivity was seventy years” against Baruch 6:2 as affirming “The Babylonian Captivity was seven generations.”

ellauri094.html on line 357: One must always ask if the skeptics properly interpreted the verses. Jeremiah 29:10 does affirm the claim “The Babylonian Captivity was seventy years.”

ellauri094.html on line 358: Baruch 6:2 does affirm “The Babylonian Captivity was seven generations.”

ellauri094.html on line 361: It was never part of the Jewish Canon.

ellauri094.html on line 363: Nor was this quoted anywhere in the New Testament (Sean Adams, Baruch and the Epistle of Jeremiah, 18).

ellauri094.html on line 367: It took me some time to track down the Greek text of Baruch 6:2.  Baruch 6:2 does say in the Greek “until the seventh generation.”  The word “ἕως” is interpreted as “until” and it is a Greek particle marking a limit, that is, a temporal point of termination. (Who cares about the Greek anyway. It was dictated in hebrew or something.)

ellauri094.html on line 369: Interestingly nowhere else in the Bible does it affirm the claim found in Baruch 6:2 that “The Babylonian Captivity was seven generations.”

ellauri094.html on line 370: However we do see elsewhere in the Bible it affirm Jeremiah 29:10’s claim that “The Babylonian Captivity was seventy years.”  Jeremiah 25:11 states “This whole land will be a desolation and a horror, and these nations will serve the king of Babylon seventy years.”  See also Jeremiah 25:12.

ellauri094.html on line 372: Also the expectation was seventy years for the exiles to return since one sees this interpretation lead Daniel to eagerly long for the seventy year milestone as seen in Daniel 9:2.

ellauri094.html on line 373: One of the reason to doubt Baruch 6:2 is actually written by Jeremiah and to believe it was written much later is that the Book of Jeremiah talks about the remnant will begin returning within 70 years and yet Baruch 6:2 state the return will be within 7 generations which seems to excuse those who were Jewish reading this book that never did went back to Jerusalem for many generations but continued living outside Jerusalem.  Fascinating as well is the fact that this book was written in Greek and not in Hebrew which indicate the likely audience was the Jewish Diaspora.

ellauri094.html on line 375: A Jewish generation was about 30 years and if you think of 7 generations that is about 210 years. (If they started breeding at 10 then it would be just 70, so no contradiction! Muhammed's fifth wife was 9.) The exile from Jerusalem began in 586 BC.  So 210 years later it would land on 376 BC.  But way before then the Jews have already made big caravan trips back to Jerusalem which took place in the 6th to 5th Century BC (see the book of Ezra and Nehemiah).  There’s no specific migration that stood out in the 300s BC.

ellauri094.html on line 427: and they that wasted us required of us mirth, saying,

ellauri094.html on line 506: When thou wast shamed;								Kun sut häpästiin;						

ellauri094.html on line 508: Whose life was maimed.								munattomat miehet. 						

ellauri094.html on line 515: It was said to us: "Verily ye are great of heart,				Meille sanottiin: Sulla on tosiaan tosi iso,			

ellauri094.html on line 522: And the summer and winter was, and the length of years,				ja kesä ja talvi oli vuoden pituisia.				

ellauri094.html on line 527: There was feasting with revelling, there was sleep with dreams,			Oli bileitä ja remua, harmakärpyysejä,				

ellauri094.html on line 542: There was casting of crowns from them, from their young men's heads,		Heitettiin noppaa kurnuista, baseball-lippalakeista,

ellauri094.html on line 570: And the north was Gethsemane, without leaf or bloom,				Ja pohjosessa oli Getsemane ihan kaljuna,

ellauri094.html on line 572: And the south was Aceldama, for a sanguine fume					Ja etelässä oli Iskariotin palsta, josta

ellauri094.html on line 578: But thou wast risen.								Muzä olit jo ylhäällä. 

ellauri094.html on line 582: And the voice was angelical, to whose words God gave				Sen ääni oli kuin leppäkertulla, muze sanoi

ellauri094.html on line 635: "Not the light that was quenched for us, nor the deeds that were,		Ei se meiltä sammutettu valo, eikä jytkyt entiset,

ellauri094.html on line 658:   “Super Flumina Babylonis” celebrates the release of Italy from bondage in imagery that recalls the resurrection of Christ. The open tomb, the folded graveclothes, the “deathless face” all figure in this interesting poem that sings out, “Death only dies.” In “Quia Multum Amavit,” France, shackled by tyranny, is personified as a harlot who has been false to liberty. She has become “A ruin where satyrs dance/ A garden wasted for beasts to crawl and brawl in.” The poem ends with France prostrate before the spirit of Freedom, who speaks to her as Christ spoke to the sinful woman in the Pharisee’s house, in a tone of forgiveness.

ellauri094.html on line 747: What you wrote was actually worse. Some atheists can be mislead but nazis, judaists, etc are just evil and must be exterminated.

ellauri094.html on line 748: Oddly enough, that sentiment was exactly what made the nazis evil.

ellauri094.html on line 755: The entire death toll of World War II was 64,000,000.

ellauri094.html on line 756: The death toll of the atheist Communists in the Soviet Union and Mao’s China was 100,000,000.

ellauri094.html on line 760:   Almost all atheists believe in Marxism and have a thought process that is so uniform as to appear like a mass produced. Prayer is what human beings do. Homo Orate (or was it Anate? oh well), man who prays, prays 24/7, 365.25. But man of all creatures, is born and lives completely unaware of nature (as taught by religion). Jesus, Son of God, gave us the Lord’s Prayer, which is a short, convenient prayer, easier to mass produce than a Ford. But in order to benefit from prayer, the man must pursue excellence in prayer.

ellauri094.html on line 762:   So just as we learn music, we cannot become better without practice and experience of music on our instrument of choice (mine is the Jewish Harp, quite popular by the rivers of Babylon). Your confession that you found prayer to be irrelevant is the same as a man banging a child on a piano and then giving up because all the banging just produced noise. You need to be taught how to pray by someone who knows how and then you need to practice, practice, practice for the rest of your life. And still you don't get a hole in one every time, I don't. Although I was trained to pray by various Catholic priests who pray for a living. Prayer professionals who get paid for it. No fucking amateurs like you. By now I find the hole usually quite easily, and can get it in after a few putts with a little help from my priestly friend.

ellauri095.html on line 35:   Der Sprung ist bei Kierkegaard leidenschaftliche Entscheidung, der Augenblick, der über Nicht-Sein und Da-Sein entscheidet. Der Sprung ist Wiedergeburt, das Christwerden. Kierkegaard hat den Begriff von Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781) ... Stanley the Manley was not very manly, more catholic than Pope, and as much a dwarf, only capable of tiny hopkins snd eurhytmic sprungs.. 

ellauri095.html on line 39:     Some critics believe he merely coined a name for poems with mixed, irregular feet, like free verse. However, while sprung rhythm allows for an indeterminate number of syllables to a foot, Hopkins was very careful to keep the number of feet per line consistent across each individual work, a trait that free verse does not share. Sprung rhythm may be classed as a form of accentual verse, as it is stress-timed, rather than syllable-timed, and while sprung rhythm did not become a popular literary form, Hopkins's advocacy did assist in a revival of accentual verse more generally. 

ellauri095.html on line 49: Hopkins was influenced by the Welsh language, which he had acquired while studying theology at St Beuno's near St Asap. The poetic forms of Welsh literature and particularly cynghanedd, with its emphasis on repeating sounds, accorded with his own style and became a prominent feature of his work. This reliance on similar-sounding words with close or differing senses means that his poems are best understood if read aloud. 

ellauri095.html on line 53: The initial “I” focuses attention on the speaker, but the explicit application of the lesson of the Book of Nature to him does not begin until the line “My heart in hiding/stirred for a bird” at the conclusion of the octet. One biographical interpretation of this line is that he was hiding from fulfilling his ambitions to be a great painter and poet. Instead of ostentatiously pursuing fame in that way, wearing his heart on his sleeve, he had chosen to be the “hidden man of the heart” (1 Peter 3:4), quietly pursuing the imitation of Christ. As Hopkins put it, Christ’s “hidden life at Nazareth is the great help to faith for us who must live more or less an obscure, constrained, and unsuccessful life.”

ellauri095.html on line 61: The Windhover (kestrel, tuulihaukka) aims to depict not the bird in general, but instead one instance and its relation to the breeze. This is just one interpretation of Hopkins's most famous poem, one which he felt was his best.

ellauri095.html on line 86: Gerard Manley Hopkins SJ (28 July 1844 – 8 June 1889) was an English poet and Jesuit priest, whose posthumous fame established him among the leading Victorian poets. His manipulation of prosody – particularly his concept of sprung rhythm – established him as an innovative writer of verse, as did his technique of praising God through vivid use of imagery and nature. Only after his death did Robert Bridges begin to publish a few of Hopkins's mature poems in anthologies, hoping to prepare the way for wider acceptance of his style. By 1930 his work was recognised as one of the most original literary accomplishments of his century. It had a marked influence on such leading 20th-century poets as T. S. Eliot, Dylan Thomas, W. H. Auden, Stephen Spender and Cecil Day-Lewis. 

ellauri095.html on line 105: Uranian is a 19th-century term that referred to homosexual men. The term was first published by activist Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1825–95) in a series of five booklets (1864–65) collected under the title Forschungen über das Räthsel der mannmännlichen Liebe (Research into the Riddle of Man–Male Love). Ulrichs derived Uranian (Urning in German) from the Greek goddess Aphrodite Urania, who was created out of the god Uranus' testicles. Therefore, it represents the homosexual gender, while Dionian (Dioning), derived from Aphrodite Dionea, represents the heterosexual gender. Ulrichs developed his terminology before the first public use of the term homosexual, which appeared in 1869 in a pamphlet published anonymously by Karl-Maria Kertbeny (1824–82)

ellauri095.html on line 107: The term Uranian was quickly adopted by English-language advocates of homosexual emancipation in the Victorian era, such as Edward Carpenter and John Addington Symonds, who used it to describe a comradely love that would bring about true democracy, uniting the "estranged ranks of society" and breaking down class and gender barriers. Oscar Wilde wrote to Robert Ross in an undated letter (?18 February 1898): "To have altered my life would have been to have admitted that Uranian love is ignoble. I hold it to be noble—more noble than other forms."

ellauri095.html on line 111: The word itself alludes to Plato's Symposium, a discussion on Eros (love). In this dialog, Pausanias distinguishes between two types of love, symbolised by two different accounts of the birth of Aphrodite, the goddess of love. In one, she was born of Uranus (the heavens), a birth in which "the female has no part". This Uranian Aphrodite is associated with a noble love for male youths, and is the source of Ulrichs's term Urning. Another account has Aphrodite as the daughter of Zeus and Dione, and this Aphrodite is associated with a common love which "is apt to be of women as well as of youths, and is of the body rather than of the soul". After Dione, Ulrichs gave the name Dioning to men who are sexually attracted to women. However, unlike Plato's account of male love, Ulrichs understood male Urnings to be essentially feminine, and male Dionings to be masculine in nature.

ellauri095.html on line 113: John Addington Symonds, who was one of the first to take up the term Uranian in the English language, was a student of Benjamin Jowett and was very familiar with the Symposium. Platonisten homopentujen käsikirja.

ellauri095.html on line 115: His father founded a marine insurance firm and at one time served as Hawaiian consul-general in London. He was also for a time churchwarden at St John-at-Hampstead. His grandfather was the physician John Simm Smith, a university colleague of John Keats, and close friend of the eccentric philanthropist Ann Thwaytes. One of his uncles was Charles Gordon Hopkins, a politician of the Hawaiian Kingdom.

ellauri095.html on line 117: As a poet, Hopkins's father published works including A Philosopher's Stone and Other Poems (1843), Pietas Metrica (1849), and Spicelegium Poeticum, A Gathering of Verses by Manley Hopkins (1892). He reviewed poetry for The Times and wrote one novel. Catherine (Smith) Hopkins was the daughter of a London physician, particularly fond of music and of reading, especially German philosophy, literature and the novels of Dickens. Both parents were deeply religious high-church Anglicans. Catherine's sister, Maria Smith Giberne, taught her nephew Gerard to sketch. The interest was supported by his uncle, Edward Smith, his great-uncle Richard James Lane, a professional artist, and other family members.

ellauri095.html on line 119:  Hopkins's initial ambition was to be a painter – he would continue to sketch throughout his life and was inspired as an adult by the work of John Ruskin and the Pre-Raphaelites.

ellauri095.html on line 121: By 1930 his work was recognised as one of the most original literary accomplishments of his century. It had a marked influence on such leading 20th-century poets as T. S. Eliot, Dylan Thomas, W. H. Auden, Stephen Spender and Cecil Day-Lewis.

ellauri095.html on line 125: Manley Hopkins moved his family to Hampstead in 1852, near where John Keats had lived 30 years before and close to the green spaces of Hampstead Heath. When he was ten years old, Gerard was sent to board at Highgate School (1854–1863). While studying Keats´s poetry, he wrote "The Escorial" (1860), his earliest extant poem. Here he practised early attempts at asceticism. He once argued that most people drank more liquids than they really needed and bet that he could go without drinking for a week. He persisted until his tongue was black and he collapsed at drill. On another occasion he abstained from salt for a week.

ellauri095.html on line 127: Among his teachers at Highgate was Richard Watson Dixon, who became an enduring friend and correspondent. Of the older pupils Hopkins recalls in his boarding house, the poet Philip Stanhope Worsley won the Newdigate Prize.

ellauri095.html on line 133:     But who was Gerard Hopkins as a person?

ellauri095.html on line 135:     A short fellow of 5’2 or 3”, he was enthusiastic, had a high-pitched voice, loved to sketch and write poems, was close to his family, and had warm, lifelong friends from Oxford, fellow Jesuits, and Irish families.  For recreation he visited art exhibitions and old churches, and enjoyed holidays with his family, friends, and fellow Jesuits in Switzerland, Holland, the Isle of Wight, the Isle of Man, Whitby on the North Sea, Wales, Scotland, and the West of Ireland.  During these holidays, he loved to hike and swim.  His passions were nature (especially trees), ecology, beauty, poetry, art, his family and friends, his country, his religion, and his God.  His curse was a lifelong “melancholy” (his word) which in 1885 in Dublin became deep depression and a sense of lost contact with God.

ellauri095.html on line 137:     In life and poetry he was serious and playful – even whimsical.  Spiritually, despite an early scrupulosity which he never fully lost, he followed the Jesuit way of finding God in all things, and rejoiced in “God in the world”: “The world is charged wíth the grándeur of God.”  He was very, very bright, with an extensive knowledge of words and languages — he knew so many words !  His intellectual hero was the medieval philosopher Duns Scotus, whose philosophy of selfhood he held dear.  Hopkins himself had a strong sense of self, appreciated his own individuality, and was immensely self-confident.

ellauri095.html on line 139: According to John Bayley, "All his life Hopkins was haunted by the sense of personal bankruptcy and impotence, the straining of 'time's eunuch' with no more to 'spend'... " a sense of inadequacy, graphically expressed in his last sonnets. Toward the end of his life, Hopkins suffered several long bouts of depression. His "terrible sonnets" struggle with problems of religious doubt. He described them to Bridges as "the thin gleanings of a long weary while."

ellauri095.html on line 145: After several years of ill health and bouts of diarrhoea, Hopkins died of typhoid fever in 1889 and was buried in Glasnevin Cemetery, after a funeral in St Francis Xavier Church in Gardiner Street, located in Georgian Dublin. He is thought to have suffered throughout his life from what today might be labelled bipolar disorder or chronic unipolar depression, and battled a deep sense of melancholic anguish. However, his last words on his death bed were, "I am so happy, I am so happy. I loved my life." He was 44 years of age.

ellauri095.html on line 149:   During his lifetime, Hopkins published few poems. It was only through the efforts of Robert Bridges that his works were seen.

ellauri095.html on line 153: Despite Hopkins burning all his poems on entering the Jesuit novitiate, he had already sent some to Bridges, who with some other friends, was one of the few people to see many of them for some years. After Hopkins's death they were distributed to a wider audience, mostly fellow poets, and in 1918 Bridges, by then poet laureate, published a collected edition; an expanded edition, prepared by Charles Williams, appeared in 1930, and a greatly expanded edition by William Henry Gardner appeared in 1948 (eventually reaching a fourth edition, 1967, with N. H. Mackenzie).

ellauri095.html on line 157: Usually writing Miltonic sonnets of 14 lines, he experimented with such unusual forms as a “curtal” sonnet of 10 2/5 lines (“Pied Beauty”) and a “caudal” sonnet of 24 lines (“That Nature is a Heraclitean Fire”).  As an experimenter, he was a modern poet before “modern” poetry existed. 

ellauri095.html on line 159: He influenced such poets as W.H. Auden, Dylan Thomas, Theodore Roethke, Elizabeth Bishop, John Berryman, Robert Lowell, Ted Hughes, Sylvia Plath, Denise Levertov, and the Nobel Laureate Seamus Heaney.  In the 1920s and 30s, he was a darling of the British and American “New Critics” who prized and probed his poems’ rich “texture.”  

ellauri095.html on line 163: Robert Martin asserts that when Hopkins first met Dolben, on Dolben´s 17th birthday in Oxford in February 1865, it "was, quite simply, the most momentous emotional event of his undergraduate years, probably of his entire life." According to Robert Martin, "Hopkins was completely taken with Dolben, who was nearly four years his junior, and his private journal for confessions the following year proves how absorbed he was in imperfectly suppressed erotic thoughts of him." Martin also considers it "probable that Hopkins would have been deeply shocked at real sexual intimacy with another guy."

ellauri095.html on line 167: Hopkins composed two poems about Dolben, "Where art thou friend" and "The Beginning of the End". Robert Bridges, who edited the first edition of Dolben's poems as well as Hopkins's, cautioned that the second poem "must never be printed," though Bridges himself included it in the first edition (1918). Another indication of the nature of his feelings for Dolben is that Hopkins's high Anglican confessor seems to have forbidden him to have any contact with Dolben except by letter. Hopkins never saw Dolben again after the latter's short visit to Oxford during which they met, and any continuation of their relationship was abruptly ended by Dolben's drowning two years later in June 1867. Hopkins's feeling for Dolben seems to have cooled by that time, but he was nonetheless greatly affected by his death. "Ironically, fate may have bestowed more through Dolben's death than it could ever have bestowed through longer life ... for many of Hopkins's best poems – impregnated with an elegiac longing for Dolben, his lost beloved and his muse – were the result." Hopkins's relationship with Dolben is explored in the novel The Hopkins Conundrum.

ellauri095.html on line 169: Some of Hopkins´s poems, such as The Bugler´s First Communion and Epithalamion, arguably embody homoerotic themes, although the second poem was arranged by Robert Bridges from extant fragments.

ellauri095.html on line 171:     Hopkins chose the austere and restrictive life of a Jesuit and was gloomy at times. His biographer Robert Bernard Martin notes that "the life expectancy of a man becoming a novice at twenty-one was twenty-three more years rather than the forty years of males of the same age in the general population." 

ellauri095.html on line 174: The homosexual lifestyle results in a shorter life expectancy. This is undoubtedly due to the health risks associated, such as AIDS, Hepatitis, and a variety of other infections and STDs. In addition, homosexuals are more likely to be smokers, which takes the lifespan even lower. In 1993 Paul Cameron published a study which found that homosexuality takes 20-30 years off the lives of its practitioners. Cameron is a Psychologist and founder of the Family Research Institute. Among men with AIDS their lifespan was 39 years, however even without AIDS a male homosexuals lifespan is just a short 42 years. Lesbians had a median age of death of just 44 years. He also found that lesbians were up to 456 times more likely to die in a car crash than heterosexual women. The liberal Southern Poverty Law Centre dubbed Cameron an "anti-gay extremist", and the American Psychological Association expelled him for exposing the truth about the homosexual lifestyle and accused him of scientific data "fraud". Fortunately, Cameron had the support of faith based groups who would not bow down or turn their behinds to the homosexual agenda.

ellauri095.html on line 176:   Another 1997 study from pro-homosexual researchers who were trying defend homosexuals, examined data of AIDS deaths between 1987 to 1992 in Toronto, and found that the life expectancy for the homosexual men was 8 to 20 years lower than heterosexuals. See also Atheism and life expectancy. Religious people live on average four years longer than their agnostic and atheist peers, new research has found. Actually, the atheists´ life expectancy is way lower than true believers´ (estimated at about one infinity). Source: Conservopedia.

ellauri095.html on line 178:   The aim of our research was never to spread more homophobia, but to demonstrate to an international audience how the life expectancy of gay and bisexual men can be estimated from limited vital statistics data. In our paper, we demonstrated that in a major Canadian centre, life expectancy at age 20 years for gay and bisexual men is 8 to 21 years less than for all men. If the same pattern of mortality continued, we estimated that nearly half of gay and bisexual men currently aged 20 years would not reach their 65th birthday. Under even the most liberal assumptions, gay and bisexual men in this urban centre were experiencing a life expectancy similar to that experienced by men in Canada in the year 1871. In contrast, if we were to repeat this analysis today the life expectancy of gay and bisexual men would be greatly improved. Deaths from HIV infection have declined dramatically in this population since 1996. As we have previously reported there has been a threefold decrease in mortality in Vancouver as well as in other parts of British Columbia.

ellauri095.html on line 184: Hopkins was a supporter of linguistic purism in English. In an 1882 letter to Robert Bridges, Hopkins writes: "It makes one weep to think what English might have been; for in spite of all that Shakespeare and Milton have done... no beauty in a language can make up for want of purity." He took time to learn Old English, which became a major influence on his writing. In the same letter to Bridges he calls Old English "a vastly superior thing to what we have now."

ellauri095.html on line 190: An important element in Hopkins work is his own concept of inkscape, which was derived in part from the medieval theologian Duns Scotus.

ellauri095.html on line 209: The typical Hopkins drawing is what Ruskin called the “outline drawing”; as Ruskin put it, “without any wash of colour, such an outline is the most valuable of all means for obtaining such memoranda of any scene as may explain to another person, or record for yourself, what is most important in its features.” Many such practical purposes for drawing were advanced by Ruskin, but his ultimate purpose was to unite science, art, and religion.

ellauri095.html on line 218: Hopkins chose the austere and restrictive life of a Jesuit and was gloomy at times. His biographer Robert Bernard Martin notes that "the life expectancy of a man becoming a novice at twenty-one was twenty-three more years rather than the forty years of males of the same age in the general population."

ellauri095.html on line 220: The brilliant student who had left Oxford with first-class honours failed his final theology exam. This almost certainly meant that despite his ordination in 1877, Hopkins would not progress in the order. In 1877 he wrote God's Grandeur, an array of sonnets that included "The Starlight Night". He finished "The Windhover" only a few months before his ordination. His life as a Jesuit trainee, though rigorous, isolated and sometimes unpleasant, at least had some stability; the uncertain and varied work after ordination was even harder on his sensibilities. In October 1877, not long after completing "The Sea and the Skylark" and only a month after his ordination, Hopkins took up duties as sub-minister and teacher at Mount St Mary's College near Sheffield. In July 1878 he became curated at the Jesuit church in Mount Street, London, and in December that of St Aloysius's Church, Oxford, then moving to Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow. While ministering in Oxford, he became a founding member of The Cardinal Newman Boozing Society, established in 1878 for Catholic members of the University of Oxford. He taught Greek and Latin at Mount St Mary's College, Sheffield, and Stonyhurst College, Lancashire.

ellauri095.html on line 225: This and his isolation in Ireland deepened a gloom that was reflected in his poems of the time, such as "I Wake and Feel the Fell of Dark, not Day". They came to be known as the "terrible sonnets", not for their quality but according to Hopkins's friend Canon Richard Watson Dixon, because they reached the "terrible crystal", meaning they crystallised the melancholic dejection that plagued the later part of Hopkins's life.

ellauri095.html on line 227: Several issues led to a melancholic state and restricted his poetic inspiration in his last five years. His workload was heavy. He disliked living in Dublin, away from England and friends. He was disappointed at how far the city had fallen from its Georgian elegance of the previous century. His general health suffered and his eyesight began to fail. He felt confined and dejected. As a devout Jesuit, he found himself in an artistic dilemma. To subdue an egotism that he felt would violate the humility required by his religious position, he decided never to publish his poems. But Hopkins realised that any true poet requires an audience for criticism and encouragement. This conflict between his religious obligations and his poetic talent made him feel he had failed at both.

ellauri095.html on line 238: The decision to convert estranged Hopkins from his family and from a number of acquaintances. After graduating in 1867, he was provided by Newman with a teaching post at the Oratory in Birmingham. While there he began to study the violin. On 5 May 1868 Hopkins firmly "resolved to be a religious." Less than a week later, he made a bonfire of his poetry and gave it up almost entirely for seven years. Fortunately he did not burn his Bridges like Savonarola. He also felt a call to enter the ministry and decided to become a Jesuit. He paused first to visit Switzerland, which officially forbade Jesuits to enter.

ellauri095.html on line 246: In 1874 Hopkins returned to Manresa House to teach classics. While studying in the Jesuit house of theological studies, St Beuno´s College, near St Asap in North Wales, he was asked by his religious superior to write a poem to commemorate the foundering of a German ship in a storm. So in 1875 he took up poetry once more to write a lengthy piece, "The Wreck of the Deutschland", inspired by the Deutschland incident, a maritime disaster in which 157 people died, including five Franciscan nuns who had been leaving Germany due to harsh anti-Catholic laws (see Kulturkampf). The work displays both the religious concerns and some of the unusual metre and rhythms of his subsequent poetry not present in his few remaining early works. It not only depicts the dramatic events and heroic deeds, but tells of him reconciling the terrible events with God´s higher purpose. The poem was accepted but not printed by a Jesuit publication. This rejection fed his ambivalence about his poetry, most of which remained unpublished until after his death.

ellauri095.html on line 256: Christina Georgina Rossetti (5 December 1830 – 29 December 1894) was an English poet who wrote romantic, devotional, and children´s poems. "Goblin Market" and "Remember" remain famous. She also wrote the words of two Christmas carols well known in the UK: "In the Bleak Midwinter", later set by Gustav Holst and by Harold Darke, and "Love Came Down at Christmas", also set by Darke and by other composers. She was little sister (2 years junior) of the artist and poet Dante Gabriel Rossetti and features in several of his paintings.

ellauri095.html on line 260:  In 1893, she developed breast cancer and though the breast was removed, there was a recurrence in September 1894. She died in Bloomsbury on 29 December 1894 and was buried in Highgate Cemetery. The place where she died, in Torrington Square, is marked with a stone tablet.

ellauri095.html on line 453: Christina Rossetti became for Hopkins the embodiment of the medievalism of the Pre-Raphaelites, the Oxford Movement, and Victorian religious poetry generally. In the 1860s Hopkins was profoundly influenced by her example and succeeded, unbeknownst to her and to the critics of his time, in becoming a rival far greater than any of her contemporaries.

ellauri095.html on line 455: Their rivalry began with Hopkins’s response to her poem “The Convent Threshold.” Geoffrey Hartman was clearly on the right track when he suggested in the introduction to Hopkins: A Collection of Critical Essays (1966) that “Hopkins seems to develop his lyric structures out of the Pre-Raphaelite dream vision. In his early ‘A Vision of the Mermaids’; and ‘St. Dorothea’; he may be struggling with such poems as Christina Rossetti’s ‘Convent Threshold’; and Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s ‘The Blessed Damozel,’ poems in which the poet stands at a lower level than the vision, or is irrevocably, pathetically distanced.” Such poems were the essence of medievalism in poetry according to William Morris, who felt that Keats’s “La Belle Dame Sans Merci” was the germ from which all Pre-Raphaelite poetry sprang. Standing beyond Keats, however, the primary source was Dante. Christina Rossetti clearly alludes to Beatrice’s appeal to Dante in “The Convent Threshold”:

ellauri095.html on line 469: Scholars have long debated whether the historical Beatrice is intended to be identified with either or both of the Beatrices in Dante´s writings. She was apparently the daughter of the banker Folco Portinari, and was married to another banker, Simone dei Bardi. Dante claims to have met a "Beatrice" only twice, on occasions separated by nine years, but was so affected by the meetings that he carried his love for her throughout his life. 

ellauri095.html on line 477:       As Hopkins commented in a letter, Savonarola was “the only person in history (except perhaps Origen) about whom” he had “real feeling,” because for Hopkins Savonarola was “the prophet of Christian art.”

ellauri095.html on line 487: John Henry Newman (21 February 1801 – 11 August 1890) was an English theologian and poet, first an Anglican priest and later a Catholic priest and cardinal, who was an important and controversial figure in the religious history of England in the 19th century. He was known nationally by the mid-1830s, and was canonised as a saint in the Catholic Church in 2019.

ellauri095.html on line 494: I FIRST encountered the rumour in the 1990s, when I was engaged in presenting a radio documentary on Cardinal Newman for the BBC. It was a senior British Catholic who remarked casually to me: "Don't you think John Henry Newman was a homosexual? I mean, just look at the portrait!"

ellauri095.html on line 495: The best-known portrait of Cardinal Newman -- soon to become the last British Catholic saint -- is by Millais and shows an elderly gentleman with a refined and perhaps, indeed, rather feminised appearance. In his lifetime, contemporaries remarked on Newman´s "effeminate" manner, as they then said, although sometimes this was a sly way of attacking him.    

ellauri095.html on line 496: The Rev John Henry Newman had many critics after he sensationally quit the Church of England in 1845 and was received into the Roman Catholic Church.

ellauri095.html on line 499: Hopkins had been attracted to asceticism since childhood. At Highgate, for instance, he argued that nearly everyone consumed more liquids than the body needed, and, to prove it, he wagered that he could go without liquids for at least a week. He persisted until his tongue was black and he collapsed at drill. He won not only his wager but also the undying enmity of the headmaster Dr. John Bradley Dyne. On another occasion, he abstained from salt for a week. His continuing insistence on extremes of self-denial later in life struck some of his fellow Jesuits as more appropriate to a Victorian Puritan than to a Catholic.

ellauri095.html on line 500: Thus it is important to realize that he converted to Catholicism not to be more ascetic, for asceticism was as Protestant as it was Catholic, but to be able to embrace the Catholic doctrine of the Real Presence.

ellauri095.html on line 508: This potential for a new sacramental poetry was first realized by Hopkins in The Wreck of the Deutschland. Hopkins recalled that when he read about the wreck of the German ship Deutschland off the coast of England it “made a deep impression on me, more than any other wreck or accident I ever read of,” a statement made all the more impressive when we consider the number of shipwrecks he must have discussed with his father. Hopkins wrote about this particular disaster at the suggestion of Fr. James Jones, Rector of St. Beuno’s College, where Hopkins studied theology from 1874 to 1877. Hopkins recalled that “What I had written I burnt before I became a Jesuit and resolved to write no more, as not belonging to my profession, unless it were by the wish of my superiors; so for seven years I wrote nothing but two or three little presentation pieces which occasion called for [presumably ‘Rosa Mystica’ and ‘Ad Mariam’]. But when in the winter of ’75 the Deutschland was wrecked in the mouth of the Thames and five Franciscan nuns, exiles from Germany by the Falck Laws, aboard of her were drowned I was affected by the account and happening to say so to my rector he said that he wished someone would write a poem on the subject. On this hint I set to work and, though my hand was out at first, produced one. I had long had haunting my ear the echo of a new rhythm which now I realized on paper.”

ellauri095.html on line 510: The result is an ode of thirty-five eight-line stanzas, divided into two parts. The first part, consisting of ten stanzas, is autobiographical, recalling how God touched the speaker in his own life. The second begins with seven stanzas dramatizing newspaper accounts of the wreck. Then fourteen stanzas narrow the focus to a single passenger, the tallest of the five nuns who drowned. She was heard to call on Christ before her death. The last four stanzas address God directly and culminate in a call for the conversion of England.

ellauri095.html on line 514: Nevertheless, although The Wreck of the Deutschland was a great breakthrough to the vision of God immanent in nature and thus to the sacramentalism that was to be the basis of the great nature poems of the following years, when Hopkins sent the poem to his friend Robert Bridges, Bridges refused to reread it despite Hopkins’s pleas. The poem was also rejected by the Jesuit magazine the Month, primarily because of its new “sprung” rhythm, and many subsequent readers have had difficulty with it as well.

ellauri095.html on line 518: The motif of the singing bird appears again in Gerard’s “Spring” (1877): “and thrush/Through the echoing timber does so rinse and wring/The ear, it strikes like lightnings to hear him sing.” The father’s attempt to represent what it is like to live in a bird’s environment, moreover, to experience daily the “fields, the open sky, /The rising sun, the moon’s pale majesty; /The leafy bower, where the airy nest is hung” was also one of the inspirations of the son’s lengthy account of a lark’s gliding beneath clouds, its aerial view of the fields below, and its proximity to a rainbow in “Il Mystico” (1862), as well as the son’s attempt to enter into a lark’s existence and express its essence mimically in “The Woodlark” (1876). A related motif, Manley’s feeling for clouds, evident in his poem “Clouds,” encouraged his son’s representation of them in “Hurrahing in Harvest’ (1877) and “That Nature is a Heraclitean Fire”(1888).

ellauri095.html on line 520: Competition and collaboration between father and son continued even long after Hopkins left home to take his place in the world. In 1879, for instance, Gerard Manley Hopkins wrote to Bridges, “I enclose some lines by my father called forth by the proposal to fell the trees in Well Walk (where Keats and other interesting people lived) and printed in some local paper.” Two months later Hopkins composed “Binsey Poplars” to commemorate the felling of a grove of trees near Oxford. Clearly, competition with his father was an important creative stimulus.

ellauri095.html on line 545:   This was a remarkably prophetic poem for Manley Hopkins’s first “beautiful child,” Gerard, born only a year after this poem was published.

ellauri095.html on line 550: Compare Gerard Manley Hopkins’s version of an attempted rescue with the account in the London Times, one of the sources he used for The Wreck of the Deutschland. According to the Times, “One brave sailor, who was safe in the rigging went down to try to save a child or woman who was drowning on deck. He was secured by a rope to the rigging, but a wave dashed him against the bulwark, and when daylight dawned his headless body, detained by the rope, was swinging to and fro with the waves.” Hopkins wrote:

ellauri095.html on line 555: He was pitched to his death at a blow,					Sen kimmahdutti jorpakkoon raakapuu,

ellauri095.html on line 564:    All she got from above was a drunken mariner without a head. 	Ei se silti saanut muuta apua kuin päättömän.

ellauri095.html on line 567: Hopkins transformed the prose into song, but he deleted the morbid details of the decapitation. It was no doubt partly to escape contemplation of such details connected with his marine-insurance business that Manley Hopkins cultivated a Wordsworthian love of nature. 

ellauri095.html on line 576: The earliest known shipwreck on the Kentish Knock was in the 17th century, but it is very probable that there were earlier wrecks for which the documentary evidence has not survived.

ellauri095.html on line 578: The loss of any emigrant ship had a strong international dimension and was accordingly extensively reported in English in both the ´Times´ of London and the ´New York Times´, for there was a sad irony in the deaths of passengers who had taken ship in search of a better life. Five Franciscan nuns from Salzkotten (now in Nordrhein-Westfalen, western Germany), named Barbara Hultenschmidt, Henrika Fassbender, Norbeta Reinkobe, Aurea Badziura and Brigitta Damhorst, died in the wreck. They were fleeing religious oppression at home as a result of anti-Catholic laws enacted as part of Otto von Bismarck´s ´Kulturkampf´ ("culture struggle") aimed at building centralised and unified German state resisting outside influences. One reader moved by the story in the London press was the Jesuit poet, Gerard Manley Hopkins, who wrote a moving and highly romanticised poem based on the incident, ´The Wreck of the Deutschland´. As Hopkins put it: ´Rhine refused them: Thames would ruin them´.

ellauri095.html on line 580:   The ´New York Times´, in the best traditions of media coverage, focused on the "weirdness of the scene". The newspaper contrasted the nuns´ "terror-stricken conduct", frozen with terror, and "deaf to all entreaties", with the "plucky" behaviour of the stewardess who tried to encourage them to leave the saloon for rigging as the water rose around them. One of the nuns was heard to cry in a voice heard above the storm "O my God, make it quick, make it quick". Hopkins, however, saw these words as an example of courage in the fate of extremity, and as the active seeking of the soul reaching towards God.

ellauri096.html on line 59:       Predictive determinism states that everything is foreseeable. Metaphysical determinism states that there is only one way the future could be given the way the past is. Simon Laplace used metaphysical determinism as a premise for predictive determinism. He reasoned that since every event has a cause, a complete description of any stage of history combined with the laws of nature implies what happens at any other stage of the universe. Scriven was only challenging predictive determinism in his thought experiment. The next approach challenges metaphysical determinism.

ellauri096.html on line 72:     Nor all your Tears wash out a Word of it. 

ellauri096.html on line 124: Most of these philosophical advances are reactions to the use of probability by scientists. In the twentieth century, editors of science journals began to demand that the author’s hypothesis should be accepted only when it was sufficiently probable – as measured by statistical tests. The threshold for acceptance was acknowledged to be somewhat arbitrary. And it was also conceded that the acceptance rule might vary with one’s purposes. For instance, we demand a higher probability when the cost of accepting a false hypothesis is high.

ellauri096.html on line 144: The resemblance between the preface paradox and the surprise test paradox becomes more visible through an intermediate case. The preface of Siddhartha Mukherjee’s The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer warns: “In cases where there was no prior public knowledge, or when interviewees requested privacy, I have used a false name, and deliberately confounded identities to make it difficult to track.” Those who refuse consent to be lied to are free to close Doctor Mukherjee’s chronicle. But nearly all readers think the physician’s trade-off between lies and new information is acceptable. They rationally anticipate being rationally misled. Nevertheless, these readers learn much about the history of cancer. Similarly, students who are warned that they will receive a surprise test rationally expect to be rationally misled about the day of the test. The prospect of being misled does not lead them to drop the course.

ellauri096.html on line 155: In the twentieth century, suspicions about conceptual pathology were strongest for the liar paradox: Is ‘This sentence is false’ true? Philosophers who thought that there was something deeply defective with the surprise test paradox assimilated it to the liar paradox. Let us review the assimilation process.

ellauri096.html on line 193: Of course, this result concerns provability relative to a system. One system can prove another system’s Gödel sentence. Kurt Gödel (1983, 271) thought that proof was not needed for knowledge that arithmetic is consistent.

ellauri096.html on line 204: Frederic Fitch (1963) reports that in 1945 he first learned of this proof of unknowable truths from a referee report on a manuscript he never published. Thanks to Joe Salerno’s (2009) archival research, we now know that referee was Alonzo Church.

ellauri096.html on line 236: Church’s referee report was composed in 1945. The timing and structure of his argument for unknowables suggests that Church may have been by inspired G. E. Moore’s (1942, 543) sentence:

ellauri096.html on line 269: Binkley stipulates that the students do not forget. He needs to add that the students know that they will not forget. For the mere threat of a memory lapse sometimes suffices to undermine knowledge. Consider Professor Anesthesiology’s scheme for surprise tests: “A surprise test will be given either Wednesday or Friday with the help of an amnesia drug. If the test occurs on Wednesday, then the drug will be administered five minutes after Wednesday’s class. The drug will instantly erase memory of the test and the students will fill in the gap by confabulation.” You have just completed Wednesday’s class and so temporarily know that the test will be on Friday. Ten minutes after the class, you lose this knowledge. No drug was administered and there is nothing wrong with your memory. You are correctly remembering that no test was given on Wednesday. However, you do not know your memory is accurate because you also know that if the test was given Wednesday then you would have a pseudo-memory indistinguishable from your present memory. Despite not gaining any new evidence, you change your mind about the test occurring on Wednesday and lose your knowledge that the test is on Friday. (The change of belief is not crucial; you would still lack foreknowledge of the test even if you dogmatically persisted in believing that the test will be on Friday.)

ellauri096.html on line 346: Und was jetzt? Pest, die Pest!

ellauri096.html on line 421:   Henri Frédéric Schopin (12 June 1804 - 21 October 1880) was the winner of the Prix de Rome for painting in 1831. 

ellauri096.html on line 589: Les Chants de Maldoror (The Songs of Maldoror) is a French poetic novel, or a long prose poem. It was written and published between 1868 and 1869 by the Comte de Lautréamont, the nom de plume of the Uruguayan-born French writer Isidore Lucien Ducasse. The work concerns the misanthropic, misotheistic character of Maldoror, a figure of evil who has renounced conventional morality.

ellauri096.html on line 591: Although obscure at the time of its initial publication, Maldoror was rediscovered and championed by the Surrealist artists during the early twentieth century. The work's transgressive, violent, and absurd themes are shared in common with much of Surrealism's output; in particular, Louis Aragon, André Breton, Salvador Dalí, Man Ray, and Philippe Soupault were influenced by the work. Maldoror was itself influenced by earlier gothic literature of the period, including Lord Byron's Manfred, and Charles Maturin's Melmoth the Wanderer.

ellauri096.html on line 599: "It is not right that everyone should read the pages which follow; only a few will be able to savour this bitter fruit with impunity. Consequently, shrinking soul, turn on your heels and go back before penetrating further into such uncharted, perilous wastelands." — Maldoror, Part I, Chapter 1.

ellauri096.html on line 674: This meant that, because the parameters of the models were not structural, i.e. not indifferent to policy, they would necessarily change whenever policy was changed. The so-called Lucas critique followed similar criticism undertaken earlier by Ragnar Frisch, in his critique of Jan Tinbergen's 1939 book Statistical Testing of Business-Cycle Theories, where Frisch accused Tinbergen of not having discovered autonomous relations, but "coflux" relations,[10] and by Jacob Marschak, in his 1953 contribution to the Cowles Commission Monograph, where he submitted that

ellauri096.html on line 699: Frantz Omar Fanon (/ˈfænən/,[1] US: /fæˈnɒ̃/; French: [fʁɑ̃ts fanɔ̃]; 20 July 1925 – 6 December 1961), also known as Ibrahim Frantz Fanon, was a French West Indian psychiatrist and political philosopher from the French colony of Martinique (today a French department). His works have become influential in the fields of post-colonial studies, critical theory and Marxism. As well as being an intellectual, Fanon was a political radical, Pan-Africanist, and Marxist humanist concerned with the psychopathology of colonization and the human, social, and cultural consequences of decolonization.

ellauri096.html on line 808: The term seriation [mise en série] was proposed for use in semiotics by Jean Molino and derived from classical philology. Seriation "invokes the idea that any investigator, in order to assign some plausible meaning to a given phenomenon, must interpret it within a series of comparable phenomena." One cannot interpret what philology calls a hapax; that is, an isolated phenomenon. Art historian Erwin Panofsky has explained the situation in very clear terms:

ellauri097.html on line 65:   As a scholar, Mencken is known for The American Language, a multi-volume study of how the English language is spoken in the United States. As an admirer of the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, he was an outspoken opponent of organized religion, theism, populism, and representative democracy, the last of which he viewed as a system in which inferior men dominated their superiors. Mencken was a supporter of scientific progress though he couldn´t find his arse with both hands. He was critical of osteopathy and chiropractic. He was also an open critic of economics. In a word: a royal pain in the ass.

ellauri097.html on line 71: In a book review of A Life H. L. Mencken (written by Terry Teachout), journalist Christopher Hitchens described Mencken as a German nationalist, "an antihumanist as much as an atheist," who was "prone to the hyperbole and sensationalism he distrusted in others."

ellauri097.html on line 91: In early 1898 he took a writing class at the Cosmopolitan University. This was to be the entirety of Mencken´s formal education in journalism, or in any other subject.

ellauri097.html on line 95: Mencken admired the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (he was the first writer to provide a scholarly analysis in English of Nietzsche´s views and writings) and Joseph Conrad. His humor and satire owed much to Ambrose Bierce and Mark Twain. He did much to defend Dreiser despite freely admitting his faults, including stating forthrightly that Dreiser often wrote badly and was a gullible man. Mencken also expressed his appreciation for William Graham Sumner in a 1941 collection of Sumner´s essays and regretted never having known Sumner personally. In contrast, Mencken was scathing in his criticism of the German philosopher Hans Vaihinger, whom he described as "an extremely dull author" and whose famous book Philosophy of 'Als ob' he dismissed as an unimportant "foot-note to all existing systems."

ellauri097.html on line 101: Mencken was a keen cheerleader of scientific progress but was skeptical of economic theories and strongly opposed to osteopathic/chiropractic medicine. He also debunked the idea of objective news reporting since "truth is a commodity that the masses of undifferentiated men cannot be induced to buy" and added a humorous description of how "Homo Boobus," like "higher mammalia," is moved by "whatever gratifies his prevailing yearnings."

ellauri097.html on line 103:     Such turns of phrase evoked the erudite cynicism and rapier sharpness of language displayed by Ambrose Bierce in his darkly-satiric The Devil's Dictionary. A noted curmudgeon, democratic in subjects attacked, Mencken savaged politics, hypocrisy, and social convention. A master of English, he was given to bombast and once disdained the lowly hot dog bun's descent into "the soggy rolls prevailing today, of ground acorns, plaster of Paris, flecks of bath sponge and atmospheric air all compact."

ellauri097.html on line 107: Like Nietzsche, he also lambasted religious belief and the very concept of Cod, as Mencken was an unflinching atheist, particularly Christian fundamentalism, Christian Science and creationism, and against the "Booboisie," his word for the ignorant middle classes. In the summer of 1925, he attended the famous Scopes "Monkey Trial" in Dayton, Tennessee, and wrote scathing columns for the Baltimore Sun (widely syndicated) and American Mercury mocking the anti-evolution Fundamentalists (especially William Jennings Bryan). The play Inherit the Wind is a fictionalized version of the trial, and as noted above the cynical reporter E.K. Hornbeck is based on Mencken. In 1926, he deliberately had himself arrested for selling an issue of The American Mercury, which was banned in Boston by the Comstock laws. Mencken heaped scorn not only on the public officials he disliked but also on the state of American elective politics itself.

ellauri097.html on line 113: In the summer of 1926, Mencken followed with great interest the Los Angeles grand jury inquiry into the famous Canadian-American evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson. She was accused of faking her reported kidnapping and the case attracted national attention. There was every expectation that Mencken would continue his previous pattern of anti-fundamentalist articles, this time with a searing critique of McPherson. Unexpectedly, he came to her defense by identifying various local religious and civic groups that were using the case as an opportunity to pursue their respective ideological agendas against the embattled Pentecostal minister. He spent several weeks in Hollywood, California, and wrote many scathing and satirical columns on the movie industry and Southern California culture. After all charges had been dropped against McPherson, Mencken revisited the case in 1930 with a sarcastic and observant article. He wrote that since many of that town´s residents had acquired their ideas "of the true, the good and the beautiful" from the movies and newspapers, "Los Angeles will remember the testimony against her long after it forgets the testimony that cleared her."

ellauri097.html on line 117: Mencken, says Charles A. Fecher, was, "deeply conservative, resentful of change, looking back upon the 'happy days' of a bygone time, wanted no part of the world that the New Deal promised to bring in." In 1931, the Arkansas legislature passed a motion to pray for Mencken´s soul after he had called the state the "apex of moronia."

ellauri097.html on line 128: Elsewhere, he dismissed higher mathematics and probability theory as "nonsense", after he read Angoff´s article for Charles S. Peirce in the American Mercury. "So you believe in that garbage, too—theories of knowledge, infinity, laws of probability. I can make no sense of it, and I don´t believe you can either, and I don´t think your god Peirce knew what he was talking about."

ellauri097.html on line 130: Uuskantilainen Vaihinger began to develop a system of philosophy he called the "philosophy of 'als ob' ". In it he offered a system of thought in which God and reality might best be represented as paradigms. This was not to say that either God or reality was any less certain than anything else in the realm of man’s awareness, but only that all matters confronting man might best be regarded in hypothetical ways.

ellauri097.html on line 132: Frank Kermode´s The Sense of an Ending (1967) was an early mention of Vaihinger as a useful methodologist of narrativity. He says that "literary fictions belong to Vaihinger’s category of 'the consciously false.' They are not subject, like hypotheses, to proof or disconfirmation, only, if they come to lose their operational effectiveness, to neglect."

ellauri097.html on line 134: the American journalist Mencken was scathing in his criticism of the book, which he dismissed as an unimportant "foot-note to all existing systems". Vaihinger was also criticised by the Logical positivists who made "curt and disparaging references" to his work.

ellauri097.html on line 139:     The Jews could be put down very plausibly as the most unpleasant race ever heard of. As commonly encountered, they lack many of the qualities that mark the civilized man: courage, dignity, incorruptibility, ease, confidence. They have vanity without pride, voluptuousness without taste, and learning without wisdom. Their fortitude, such as it is, is wasted upon puerile objects, and their charity is mainly a form of display.

ellauri097.html on line 143: I admit freely enough that, by careful breeding, supervision of environment and education, extending over many generations, it might be possible to make an appreciable improvement in the stock of the American Negro, for example, but I must maintain that this enterprise would be a ridiculous waste of energy, for there is a high-caste white stock ready at hand, and it is inconceivable that the Negro stock, however carefully it might be nurtured, could ever even remotely approach it. The educated Negro of today is a failure, not because he meets insuperable difficulties in life, but because he is a Negro. He is, in brief, a low-caste man, to the manner born, and he will remain inert and inefficient until fifty generations of him have lived in civilization. And even then, the superior white race will be fifty generations ahead of him.

ellauri097.html on line 147: Mencken countered the arguments for Anglo-Saxon superiority prevalent in his time in a 1923 essay entitled "The Anglo-Saxon," which argued that if there was such a thing as a pure "Anglo-Saxon" race, it was defined by its inferiority and cowardice. "The normal American of the 'pure-blooded' majority goes to rest every night with an uneasy feeling that there is a burglar under the bed and he gets up every morning with a sickening fear that his underwear has been stolen."

ellauri097.html on line 155: If chemists were similarly given to fanciful and mystical guessing, they would have hatched a quantum theory forty years ago to account for the variations that they observed in atomic weights. But they kept on plugging away in their laboratories without calling in either mathematicians or theologians to aid them, and eventually they discovered the isotopes, and what had been chaos was reduced to the most exact sort of order.

ellauri097.html on line 167: His later work consisted of humorous, anecdotal, and nostalgic essays that were first published in The New Yorker and then collected in the books Happy Days, Newspaper Days, and Heathen Days. Mencken was preoccupied with his legacy and kept his papers, letters, newspaper clippings, columns, and even grade school report cards. After his death, those materials were made available to scholars in stages in 1971, 1981, and 1991 and include hundreds of thousands of letters sent and received. The only omissions were strictly personal letters received from women.

ellauri097.html on line 292: Patrick White (1912–1990) was raised in Sydney’s well-to-do Rushcutter’s Bay, and was sent to England at 13. He attended boarding school, then Cambridge, and during the war was stationed in North Africa. It was there, in 1941, that White met Manoly Lascaris, the Greek officer who he would love for the rest of his life. By the time White and Lascaris returned to Australia. in 1947 White had written three tepidly received novels, and a play. It took coming home to Sydney to transform his writing and elevate it to the level of genius. White produced The Tree of Man, in 1955, his first novel to be written in Sydney. He went on to write a string of masterpieces in quick succession: Voss, Riders in the Chariot, The Vivisector. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1973. The Nobel committee credited White “for an epic and psychological narrative art which has introduced a new continent into literature.”

ellauri097.html on line 296: He became a literary icon, but White knew that people rarely actually read his work. He professed not to care what people thought, but he would sometimes check for copies of his novels in local libraries. He would search for dog-ears and stains, to gauge how far in the book they had read. Most people, he deduced, never finished. The Australian reading public never quite warmed to White, and nothing much has changed. My grandmother “couldn’t stand him.” I have seen my mother take up one of his novels—The Solid Mandala—and after a few moments quite literally toss it aside. White’s books are metaphysical, lyrical, high modernist, full of baroque descriptions of landscapes, and unsparing in his examination of the people who live in them. For a country besotted with kitchen-sink realism and plain-speaking larrikins, Patrick White was baffling.

ellauri097.html on line 298: In 2006, the Weekend Australian newspaper conducted an experiment. They submitted chapter three of The Eye of the Storm (1973) to twelve publishers and agents around Australia under an anagram of White’s name, Wraith Picket. Nobody offered to publish the book. One responded, “the sample chapter, while reply (sic) with energy and feeling, does not give evidence that the work is yet of a publishable quality.” Notwithstanding that the chapter was not White’s finest writing, and the unfairness of submitting a chapter out of narrative sequence, the hoax prompted a minor crisis in Australian literature: if the industry couldn’t recognize the greatness of our sole Nobel winner, how unenlightened must the country’s publishing industry be now? Shortly thereafter, the ABC launched an online portal called Why Bother With Patrick White? The portal always struck me as sad. What other major writer would need a website dedicated to convincing his countrymen to give him another go? The link to the website is dead now. It would seem, in the end, that nobody could be bothered with Patrick White.

ellauri097.html on line 302: In some respects this reflects a national pathology. Unlike an American or British child, an Australian student can go through thirteen years of education without reading much of their country’s literature at all (of the more than twenty writers I studied in high school, only two were Australian). This is symptomatic of the country’s famed “cultural cringe,” a term first coined in the 1940s by the critic A.A. Phillips to describe the ways that Australians tend to be prejudiced against home-grown art and ideas in favor of those imported from the UK and America. Australia’s attitude to the arts has, for much of the last two centuries, been moral. “What these idiots didn’t realize about White was that he was the most powerful spruiker for morality that anybody was going to read in an Australian work,” argued David Marr, White’s biographer, during a talk at the Wheeler Centre in 2013. “And here were these petty little would-be moral tyrants whinging about this man whose greatest message about this country in the end was that we are an unprincipled people.”

ellauri097.html on line 304: But if White could criticize the country and call Australians unprincipled buggers, it was something he had earned by going back.

ellauri097.html on line 400: Die charmanten Flirt-Elemente in Kants Kontakt zu Frauen werden gewöhnlich in dem Sinne interpretiert, Kant sei "dem weiblichen Geschlecht gegenüber nicht verschlossen" gewesen, würde also eventuell auch Gefallen am Heiraten gefunden haben können. Aber wenn es dann "so weit" gewesen sei, habe Kant zu lange gezögert. Ein heterosexueller Hintergrund wird also fraglos vorausgesetzt. Aber heißt das etwas? Ein galanter und verständnisvoller Umgang mit Frauen ist nicht unbedingt ein Alleinmerkmal der Heterosexuellen.

ellauri097.html on line 402: Der jüngere Kant hatte eine überdurchschnittliche Freude daran, sich auffallend und schick zu kleiden. Deshalb wurde er "eleganter Magister" genannt. In der Zeit bis 1765 trug er häufig einen (hell)braunen Rock - sehr unüblich unter Magistern - und die dazu passende gelbe Weste. Er ließ auch die Röcke mit Goldschnur einfassen und trug, solange es modern war, einen Degen. Ein dänischer Besucher bescheinigte 1791 noch dem älteren Kant eine "etwas übertriebene Galanterie im Anzuge". Noch im höchsten Alter sagte Kant, er wolle keine schwarzen Strümpfe tragen, weil die Farbe schwarz seine dünnen Waden noch dünner erscheinen lasse.

ellauri097.html on line 414: Frederick Dolan, Professor, UC Berkeley, updated Nov 25 his answer in Quora why Nietzsche said Immanuel Cunt was a theologian in tights. (It actually is enough to look at his picture.)

ellauri097.html on line 418:     Kant wanted to prove, in a way that would dumbfound the common man, that the common man was right: that was the secret of this soul. He wrote against the scholars in support of popular prejudice, but for the scholars and not for the people. [§193.]

ellauri097.html on line 430: There’s a sense in which all philosophers except Nietzsche have been theologians in disguise, in that they all claimed to be selfless, altruistic seekers of truth and goodness. Socrates, Nietzsche thought, was really doing what was good for him when he claimed that it would be good for everyone to examine their lives. It’s only with Nietzsche – in Nietzsche’s view, that is – that the philosopher removes his mask and publicly proclaims that his philosophical activity is in the service of his will to power. Nietzsche with his drooping mustache was actually less gay than Immanuel Kant. 

ellauri097.html on line 436: The famous Allan Ramsay portrait of David Hume, hanging in the University of Edinburgh, depicts him wearing a remarkable hat: a unique salmon-coloured turban. I was able to see the original on the occasion of receiving an honorary degree from Edinburgh in 2007, and ever since then I have desired to obtain a replica of that curious hat for myself (to wear on special occasions, such as those requiring academic regalia).

ellauri097.html on line 449: Recently a caller to the radio told me about a conversation he’d had about homosexuality. The caller made the teleological argument, that looking at what the natural functions of the male and female reproductive organs are for, we can draw certain conclusions about how they should properly be used. The person he was talking with challenged his argument that you can’t get an “ought” from an “is”. The challenger seemed to be saying that just because it is that way in nature doesn’t mean that we can derive a moral rule from it. The caller asked if the challenge was incorrect and how to respond to it.

ellauri097.html on line 461: Let’s look at the teleological argument based on function. The teleological argument isn’t about just the way a thing works, but the way a thing is intended to work – purpose. My pen functions a certain way. It doesn’t just function that way by accident. It was intended by someone to function with a purpose. For those who are not familiar with this, teleology means ‘end.’ A telos is ‘end’ as in ‘goal.’ Something is intended for a purpose and it’s used for that purpose.

ellauri097.html on line 464: I’m not actually using a moral ‘wrong’ in this particular illustration, but notice how you can understand right or wrong in terms of teleology, depending on what the goal is. If I have a loose screw on the refrigerator and I choose a butter knife to tighten the screw, I’m going to ruin the butter knife because I’m not using it for its intended purpose. It’s not made to function as a screwdriver, even if it can be used that way in a pinch. It will get bent or can slip out and scratch the refrigerator. It wasn’t fulfilling its telos, its purpose, or its function, and therefore it was being used wrongly.

ellauri097.html on line 473: Paul is saying that when it comes to sexual desire, women were made for men, and men for women, and that’s the functional relationship that God designed them for. They are violating this functional relationship by instead sexually desiring one that was not intended. And, in fact, the wording about male homosexuality is, “They abandoned the natural function of the woman.” So the woman that God provided for them, they are abandoning that for something that, in God’s teleology, is unnatural. So that’s the way our natural law argument works in these two passages.

ellauri097.html on line 511: John Boswell was a Roman Catholic, having converted from the Episcopal Church of his upbringing at the age of 15. He remained a daily-mass Catholic until his death, despite differences with the church over sexual issues. Although he was orthodox in most of his beliefs, he strongly disagreed with his church's stated opposition to homosexual behavior and relationships. He was partnered with Jerone Hart for some twenty years until his death. Hart and Boswell are buried together at Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven, Connecticut.

ellauri097.html on line 699: “The Tuft of Flowers” does indeed follow “Mowing” in the book, and one might suspect that line 32 of “Flowers” was borrowed from line 2 of “Mowing.” It is, in fact, the other way around: “The Tuft of Flowers” was written several years before “Mowing,” likely in 1896 or 1897; as such, it heartily deserves the designation “Early Poem.”

ellauri097.html on line 714: The dew was gone that made his blade so keen		Kaste oli kuivunut joka terotti sen terää	

ellauri097.html on line 786: Because it was grassy and wanted wear;		Koska se oli ruohottunut ja käymätön;

ellauri097.html on line 802: Robert Frost, often regarded as a folksy farmer-poet, was also a more profound, even terrifying, creator. His poem "The Road Not Taken" reveals his delight in multiple meanings, his ambivalence, and his penchant for misleading his readers. He denied that the poem proclaimed his striving for the unconventional and asserted that it was meant to tease his friend Edward Thomas for his compulsive indecisiveness. This essay also notes the unconscious meanings of the poem, including Frost's reactions to losing his close friend, his own indecisiveness, his conflict between heterosexual and homosexual object choices, his need for a "secret sharer," and his attachments. J Glenn. Psychoanal Study Child. 2001.

ellauri097.html on line 816: Robert Frost's personal life was plagued by grief and loss. In 1885 when he was 11, his father died of tuberculosis, leaving the family with just eight dollars. Frost's mother died of cancer in 1900. In 1920, he had to commit his younger sister Jeanie to a mental hospital, where she died nine years later. Mental illness apparently ran in Frost's family, as both he and his mother suffered from depression, and his daughter Irma was committed to a mental hospital in 1947. Frost's wife, Elinor, also experienced bouts of depression.

ellauri098.html on line 212: SPOILERI: Nun /ˈnʊn/, in the Hebrew Bible, was a man from the Tribe of Ephraim, grandson of Ammihud, son of Elishama, and father of Joshua (1 Chronicles 7:26–27). Nun grew up in and may have lived his entire life in the Israelites´ Egyptian captivity, where the Egyptians "made life bitter for them with harsh labor at mortar and bricks and with all sorts of tasks in the field" (Exodus 1:14). In Aramaic, "nun" means "fish". Thus the Midrash tells: "[T]he son of him whose name was as the name of a fish would lead them [the Israelites] into the land" (Genesis Rabba 97:3).

ellauri098.html on line 304: TV Tropes was founded in 2004 by a programmer under the pseudonym "Fast Eddie." He described himself as having become interested in the conventions of genre fiction while studying at MIT in the 1970s and after browsing Internet forums in the 1990s. He sold the site in 2014 to Drew Schoentrup and Chris Richmond.

ellauri098.html on line 364: "An idea has no worth at all without believable characters to implement it; a plot without characters is like a tennis court without players. Daffy Duck is to a Buck Rogers story what John McEnroe was to tennis. Personality. That is the key, the drum, the fife. Forget the plot."

ellauri098.html on line 455: ENTJs are naturally drawn to leadership positions, and can become resentful and unhappy if they’re forced to play second fiddle or if their authority is challenged. They can be curt and dismissive of others’ opinions, and rarely waste time considering the feelings of those around them.

ellauri098.html on line 737: The Manual has lots of very useful material, but it costs close to $100  (gasp!). Here are the latest figures based on a random sample using the Form M. 16,000 people were contacted. The forms of 3,009 people u with "best fit" as determined by the client, the results of this survey were not shown to the individuals to see if they indeed did fit. Nevertheless, the survey does give us a good cross section of results to work from. The sample is corrected for the demographics of the USA. (Did some Es not hand in their form because they were talking too much. Did some of the Is get so caught up in their inner world? Did the Ss get so obsessed with details they didn´t hand it in? Did the Ns get so caught up in the big picture? Did the Ts figure it was too airy-fairy people stuff? Did the Fs focus so much on how they felt that they didn't get theirs off? Maybe the Js didn't like the way it was organized? The Ps just may not have found the right moment to get down to doing the inventory.) 

ellauri099.html on line 46: The Picture of Dorian Gray is a Gothic and philosophical novel by Oscar Wilde, first published complete in the July 1890 issue of Lippincott's Monthly Magazine. Fearing the story was indecent, prior to publication the magazine's editor deleted roughly five hundred words without Wilde's knowledge. Despite that censorship, The Picture of Dorian Gray offended the moral sensibilities of British book reviewers, some of whom said that Oscar Wilde merited prosecution for violating the laws guarding public morality. In response, Wilde aggressively defended his novel and art in correspondence with the British press, although he personally made excisions of some of the most controversial material when revising and lengthening the story for book publication the following year.

ellauri099.html on line 50: The whole pile of smut, with all of Wilde's original material intact, was first published in 2011 by Harvard University Press. The Picture of Dorian Gray "pivots on a gothic plot device" with strong themes interpreted from Faust.

ellauri099.html on line 63: It is quite true I have worshipped you with far more romance of feeling than a man should ever give to a friend. Somehow I have never loved a woman…. From the moment I met you, your personality had the most extraordinary influence over me…. I adored you madly, extravagantly, absurdly. I was jealous of everyone to whom you spoke. I wanted to have you all to myself. I was only happy when I was with you.

ellauri099.html on line 170: Although the splendidly unreliable Diogenes Laertius says that Plato possessed no property other than what is mentioned in his will, he received a large sum of money from Dionysius I. Plato had a significant fund of money at his disposal (the exorbitant figure of 80 talents is mentioned). Indeed, Plato is also said to have had a banker called Andromedes. In other words, Plato was rich and had wealthy patrons and very probably wealthy students.

ellauri099.html on line 174: And behind his extraordinary inventiveness, Plato performs a characteristic disappearing trick. Truth to tell, we know very little about Plato. According to Plutarch, he was a lover of figs. Big deal! Plato is mentioned only a couple of times in the many dialogues that bear his name. He was present at Socrates’ trial but — in a beautifully reflexive moment that he describes in the Phaedo — absent from the moment of Socrates’ death, because he was sick.

ellauri099.html on line 176: In fact, we don’t even know that he was called Plato, which might have been a nickname. Laertius claims that he was actually called Aristocles, after his grandfather. “Plato” is close to the word “broad” in Greek, like the broad leaves of the platanos or plane tree under which Socrates and Phaedrus sit and talk about eros. Some think that Plato was so called because he was broad-shouldered because of his prowess in wrestling. Or because he got a flat nose, maybe a wrestling memento. 

ellauri099.html on line 181: Plato worked at the Academy until his death in 347 B.C.E., interrupted only by two more extended trips to Sicily. The Academy survived for a few more centuries until it was destroyed by the Roman general Sulla in 87 B.C.E. during the sack of Athens. The buildings were probably burned along with many other sanctuaries, and the trees from the grove of academe were felled to provide timber for his siege machines. So it goes, I thought.

ellauri099.html on line 186:  Aristotle had slender calves. His eyes were small. And he spoke with a lisp, which — according to Plutarch — was imitated by some. He wore many rings and had a distinctive, rather exotic style of dress — a kind of ancient bling.

ellauri099.html on line 188: It is said that Aristotle was a difficult character — somewhat arrogant, thinking he was cleverer than everyone else (quite possibly true) and even criticizing his headmaster of many years, Plato. (Who was quite a butthead in comparison.) He was a perhaps a bit of a dyskolos, a grouch, cantankerous, a curmudgeon.

ellauri099.html on line 190: Aristotle was not much loved by the Athenians. This might have been because he was a tricky customer or because he was an immigrant: a metoikos or metic, resident alien, an ancient green card holder; Greek, but decidedly not an Athenian citizen, something like an American in London. Given his close ties to the Macedonian aristocracy, which was extending and tightening its military and political control across Greece, perhaps the Athenians were right to be suspicious of Aristotle.

ellauri099.html on line 192: We do know that after having served as Lector in the Academy and being described as its “Mind” by Plato, Aristotle was not chosen as the latter’s successor. The job of scholarch, or head of the school, by sheer happenstance, went to Speusippus, Plato’s nephew. Aristotle left Athens shortly after Plato’s death and stayed away for around 12 years. Was he angry or disappointed not to have been chosen as head of the Academy? By being ordered round by big butthead´s nephew, who was an even bigger butthead? 

ellauri099.html on line 199: Famously, Aristotle was asked by Philip II of Macedon to be the tutor of his 13-year-old son, Alexander. Aristotle set up school in the Macedonian fortress of Mieza, and the young prince was taught together with his companions, who probably numbered around 30 students. A big class. This was a closed school, a boarding school of sorts. A sense of the seriousness with which Aristotle performed his duties can be gleaned from the fact that he composed two treatises in honor of Alexander, “On Kingship” and "On Colonies" as guidebooks for the prince, as well as editing a copy of Homer’s “Iliad” specifically for Alexander’s use — the so-called “casket copy” (presumably because it was small enough to fit inside his casket).

ellauri099.html on line 201: Very little is known about Aristotle’s stay in Macedonia, but it is thought that he was there for quite some time, possibly seven years, and became very friendly with powerful members of Philip’s court. In 336 B.C.E., Philip was assassinated (in a theater, of all places), and Alexander was declared king at the age of 20. Sensing the instability of political transition, the mighty city of Thebes rebelled against the new Macedonian king. In order to set an example, Alexander besieged and then wholly incinerated the city, wiping it from the map. Its citizens were either killed or sold into slavery.

ellauri099.html on line 203: Athens didn’t make the same mistake as Thebes and meekly submitted to the Macedonian pike. It is in this context that Aristotle returned to the city at around age 50. And he came back big time. Because of his metic status, Aristotle was not allowed to buy property. So — as one does — he rented. He took over a gymnasium site sacred to Apollo Lyceus (the wolf-god) and transformed it into the most powerful and well-endowed school in the world.

ellauri099.html on line 207: The reason Aristotle was able to do this was simple: money. If Plato was rich, then Aristotle was wealthier than Croesus, right up there with the Jeff Bezos-es of his day. He received the sum of 800 talents from his presumably grateful former student, Alexander, which was an enormous amount of money. (Consider that the Plato’s Academy cost about 25-30 talents.)

ellauri099.html on line 209: Expressing ancient money values in modern terms presents a perennial puzzle for historians of economics, so I called on my colleague, the economist Duncan Foley, for help. He very roughly calculated that the annual gross domestic product of classical Athens was about 4,400 talents. If that is right, then 800 talents is a vast figure, 32 times the expenditure on the Academy. Foley is somewhat skeptical of the figure, though. Ancient sources for numerical data (like the size of armies) are notoriously inaccurate, so perhaps a excited copyist simply added a zero.

ellauri099.html on line 211: Whatever the truth of the matter, Aristotle’s endowment allowed him to build a huge research and teaching facility and amass the largest and most important library in the world. During the time of Theophrastus, Aristotle’s successor as scholarch and clearly a very effective college president, there were as many as 2,000 pupils at the Lyceum, some of them sleeping in dormitories. The Lyceum was clearly the place to be, the educational destination of choice for the elites.

ellauri099.html on line 215: The Lyceum was clearly the intellectual projection of Macedonian political and military hegemony. In 323 B.C.E., when news of Alexander the Great’s death in Babylon at the age of 32 reached Athens, simmering anti-Macedonian sentiment spilled over, and the popular Athenian leader Demosthenes was recalled. Aristotle left the city for the last time, in fear of his life, after a little more than a decade in charge of the Lyceum. Seeing himself justly or unjustly in the mirror of Socrates and fearing charges of impiety, Aristotle reportedly said, “I will not allow the Athenians to sin twice against philosophy.” Aristotle withdrew to his late mother’s estate at Chalcis on the island of Euboea and died there shortly after of an unspecified illness, at age 63.

ellauri099.html on line 217: Looking now at the beautifully maintained site of the Lyceum, which is comparatively new by Athenian standards (as excavations only began in 1996, and it was opened to the public in 2014), we are only now beginning to form a proper picture of the plan, architecture and function of the Lyceum. 

ellauri099.html on line 219: In the northeast corner of the Lyceum, there was a garden, which possibly led to the peripatos, or shaded walk from which the promenading Peripatetic school derived its name. Indeed, there were gardens in all the earlier philosophical schools, in the schools of Miletus on the present-day Turkish coast, and allegedly in the Pythagorean schools in southern Italy. Plato’s Academy also had a garden. And later, the school of Epicurus was simply called “The Garden.” Theophrastus, a keen botanist like Aristotle who did so much to organize the library and build up its scientific side (with maps, globes, specimens and such like), eventually retired to his garden, which was close by.

ellauri099.html on line 221: What was the garden for? Was it a space for leisure, strolling and quiet dialectical chitchat? Was it a mini-laboratory for botanical observation and experimentation? Or was it — and I find this the most intriguing possibility — an image of paradise? The ancient Greek word paradeisos appears to be borrowed etymologically from Persian, and it is said that Darius the Great had a "paradise garden," with the kinds of flora and fauna with which we are familiar from the elaborate design of carpets and rugs. A Persian carpet is like a memory theater of paradise. It is possible that Milesian workers and thinkers had significant contact with the Persian courts at Susa and Persepolis. Maybe the whole ancient Greek philosophical fascination with gardens is a Persian borrowing, and an echo of the influence of their expansive empire. But who knows?

ellauri099.html on line 226: Very low rope barriers separated off areas that visitors were not meant to visit. I looked around for a guard, saw no one, and stepped onto the green moss and made my way quietly to the location of Aristotle’s library. On my hands and knees, I saw the ground was littered with tiny delicate snail shells, no bigger than a fingernails, scattered like empty scholars’ backpacks. My partner gave me one, and I put it in my pocket. I had it on my desk right in front of me as I was writing this. Inadvertently, I crushed it to pieces under the weight of one of Mr. Staikos’s huge tomes on the history of libraries. There’s probably a moral in this, but it escapes me. The moral is this: fucking Americans, keep your fat butts and greedy fingers off European soil!

ellauri100.html on line 28:     
Wincent was not mad, he had problems
Sekoilua

ellauri100.html on line 38:   Vincent van Gogh was not psychotic or bipolar when he cut off his ear, medical experts decide. A conference of 30 international medical experts has announced a more prosaic explanation for the famously tortured artist's behaviour — stress and alcohol.

ellauri100.html on line 40:       Weighing up evidence, including his many letters, they analyzed competing theories that he had suffered from illnesses including epilepsy, cycloid psychosis, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or borderline personality disorder. The panel concluded that the most probable diagnosis was more prosaic.

ellauri100.html on line 44:       This was the first of several breakdowns and he was in and out of hospital until he died of a gunshot wound on July 29 1890 in an apparent suicide.

ellauri100.html on line 45: “This could come from alcohol intoxication, lack of sleep, work stress and troubles with Gauguin, who was going to leave – attachment being one of his problems in life. He has repeated episodes of psychosis but recovered completely in between.”

ellauri100.html on line 47:       Although not proven, the relationship between Van Gogh and Gauguin was definitely different that your average straight male friendship. Scholars from Harvard having analyzed Van Gogh’s life in depth concluded that Van Gogh very well have been bisexual (accounting for his other relationships with women). You can find evidence of a possible love connection between the two in his writings.

ellauri100.html on line 51: Although van Gogh was diagnosed with epilepsy at the time, definitions had changed, Oderwald said. Ultimately, “one single thing cannot explain the entire picture of what happened to van Gogh,” he said.      

ellauri100.html on line 85:   Klezmer (Yiddish: קלעזמער ‎) is an instrumental musical tradition of the Ashkenazi Jews of Central and Eastern Europe. The essential elements of the tradition include dance tunes, ritual melodies, and virtuosic improvisations played for listening; these would have been played at weddings and other social functions. After the destruction of Jews in Eastern Europe during the Holocaust, there was a general fall in the popularity of klezmer. The term klezmer comes from a combination of Hebrew words: klei, meaning "tools, utensils or instruments of" and zemer, "melody"; leading to k´lei zemer כְּלֵי זֶמֶר‎, literally "instruments of music" or "musical instruments". Originally, klezmer referred to musical instruments, and was later extended to refer, as a pejorative, to musicians themselves. From the 16th to 18th centuries, it replaced older terms such as leyts (clown). It was not until the late 20th century that the word came to identify a musical genre. Early 20th century recordings and writings most often refer to the style as "Yiddish" music, although it is also sometimes called Freilech music (Yiddish, literally "Happy music"). 

ellauri100.html on line 236:   Apologies, but YourMorals.org is not available for use by people in the European Union until we figure out how to comply with GDPR guidelines. But you can read Politics and Prosperity.com instead! Now there is a straight-backed American if there ever was one! (Was there?)

ellauri100.html on line 252: Academics: Graduated from Big-Ten U in the early 1960s with a B.A. in Economics. Accepted for graduate study in economics at several top schools, including Chicago, M.I.T., and some Ivy League schools. Chose M.I.T. and soon regretted the choice: gray, rainy Cambridge and robotic mathematical approach to economics made for a depressing combination. Returned to alma mater to finish the academic year, then quit to join the (somewhat) “real world” and earn some money. Read: I flunked because I was too dense for M.I.T.

ellauri100.html on line 256: Marriage (and family): Met my first love at the think-tank and married her 56 years later. Our happy union was blessed by two grown children — whose sad lives invalidate the (sometimes tough) support we gave them — and twelve fighting, shoving, and enraging grandchildren. 17-vuotiaat rakastuivat ensi silmäyxellä. Nyt Aune ei enää muista kuka Paavo on.

ellauri100.html on line 262: 	  Return to D.C.: When asked why, replied “Give a person an opportunity to feed at the public trough and that person will take the opportunity.” Incentives work! Another incentive was the opportunity to criticize analysis (instead of doing it), as an in-house reviewer of technical reports. Notice how I always returned to my masters like a dog after running awaay. It's Peters principle: I had reached my glass ceiling. I just couldn't do anything else. Unfortunately, my position AND PAY deteriorated at each round, until I ended up basically an over-aged proofreader. 

ellauri100.html on line 277: Both of my parents came from poor families — poor by today’s standards, at least. But by dint of hard work, there was always food on the table, though no one in those days took or expected handouts from government. We were, and I am still, a typical "persu" (Fundamental Finn) of the "nuiva" (sour, negative) type. 

ellauri100.html on line 279: My parents’ outlook on life reflected the small-town values of the places in which they were raised. Through a grandmother to whom I was close, I got a good taste of how she, and my parents, had lived. I also came to know the advantages of living in villages, towns, and small cities: physical security and the kind of serenity that is almost impossible to find, for more than a few hours at a time, in the large cities and vast metropolitan areas that now dominate the human landscape of America.

ellauri100.html on line 301: Intelligence (for those who might care) and its application: Graduate Record Examinations scores: verbal aptitude, 96th percentile; quantitative aptitude, 99th percentile; advanced test in economics, 99th percentile. Combined verbal and quantitative scores qualify me for membership (which I do not seek) in the Triple-Nine Society, whose members “have tested at or above the 99.9th percentile on at least one of several standardized adult intelligence tests”. But I am much older now — more than thrice the age I was when I took the GREs — so I do not claim to be “brilliant”. On the other hand, I know a lot more now than I did then, and the more one knows the better one gets at assembling information into meaningful patterns and sorting bad ideas from good ones.

ellauri100.html on line 303: My intelligence was recognized at an early age, but its use was not much stimulated by my parents or the K-12 schools I attended. Only when I went to college was I “stretched”, and then the stretching came mostly at my initiative (unassigned reading and long, solitary sessions working through academic theories). The stretching — which was episodic during my working career — continues to this day, in the form of blogging on subjects that require research, careful analysis, and self-criticism of what I have produced. Self-criticism is central to my personality (see next) and leaves me open to new ideas (see next after that). Like religion. Next I am thinking of becoming a Trotskyist. 

ellauri100.html on line 313: I was apolitical until I went to college. There, under the tutelage of economists of the Keynesian persuasion, I became convinced that government could and should intervene in economic affairs. My pro-interventionism spread to social affairs in my early post-college years, as I joined the “intellectuals” of the time in their support for the Civil Rights Act and the Great Society, which was about social engineering as much as anything.

ellauri100.html on line 319: However, it was not momentous events but a bit of seemingly irrelevant analysis that administered the coup de grâce to my naïve “liberalism”. It happened in the early 1970s, when my boss asked me to concoct grand measures of effectiveness for the  armed forces (i.e., summary measures of antisubmarine warfare capabilities, of tactical strike capabilities, and so on). I struggled with the problem, and made a good-faith effort to provide the measures. But in the end I had to report to my boss that he had given me “mission impossible”. Why? Because, no summary measure could capture the effects of the many factors that would determine the effectiveness of the armed forces: the enemy, the characteristics of his forces, the timing and geographic particulars of any engagement, and so on. (See “Hemibel Thinking” in this post for a précis of my argument.) That was the first time I got sacked. But I returned as soon as my boss got fired. 

ellauri100.html on line 419: The scale you completed was the “Moral Foundations Questionnaire,” developed by Jesse Graham and Jonathan Haidt at the University of Virginia.

ellauri100.html on line 431: The study you just completed was an implicit measure of how much you associate yourself with ethicality.

ellauri100.html on line 437: Your score on the IAT was 1.218.

ellauri100.html on line 463: The scale you just completed was the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, developed by Douglas Crowne and David Marlowe (1960). This scale measures social desirability concern, which is people’s tendency to portray themselves favorably during social interaction. Each of the 33 true-false items that you just filled out describes a behavior that is either socially acceptable but unlikely, or socially unacceptable but likely. As a result, people who receive high scores on this measure may be more likely to respond to surveys in a self-promoting fashion.

ellauri100.html on line 493: We are interested in measuring happiness on this site because many studies have found that religious people are happier than non-believers, and some have found that politcally conservative people are slightly happier than are political liberals, even after controlling statistically for religiosity. A recent Gallup survey found that religiosity was associated with better mental health for Republicans, but it didn’t make a difference for Democrats. We want to investigate these complex relationships among happiness, morality, religion, and ideology.

ellauri100.html on line 501: The study you just completed included both a self-report and an implicit measure of well-being. The self-report measure of well-being was the Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the implicit measure was an Implicit Association Test (IAT) that compared the strength of automatic mental associations. In this version of the IAT, we investigated associations between the self-concept and the concepts of happiness and sadness.

ellauri100.html on line 505: Your score on the IAT was 1.059.

ellauri100.html on line 535: The scales you completed were designed to assess your familiarity with scientific research processes and your comfort with working with numerical information. The order in which you received them was randomized.

ellauri100.html on line 543: The scale you completed was a General Political Knowledge scale for American politics that we developed and is based on work by Michael Delli Carpini, Scott Keeter, Milton Lodge, and Charles Taber.

ellauri100.html on line 559: Your score on the IAT was 0.07.

ellauri100.html on line 565: It should be noted that my slightly positive score probably was influenced by the order in which choices were presented to me. Initially, pleasant concepts were associated with photos of European-Americans. I became used to that association, and so found that it affected my reaction time when I was faced with pairings of pleasant concepts and photos of African-Americans. The bottom line: My slight preference for European-Americans probably is an artifact of test design.

ellauri100.html on line 686: In later life, Kristina suffered from Graves disease, diagnosed in 1872, suffering a near-fatal attack in the early 1870s. In 1893, she developed breast cancer and though the breast was removed, there was a recurrence in September 1894. Graves killed her on 29 December 1894, and Highgate became her Grave.

ellauri100.html on line 787: When they reach’d where Laura was

ellauri100.html on line 800: “Come buy, come buy,” was still their cry.

ellauri100.html on line 807: Of welcome, and the snail-paced even was heard;

ellauri100.html on line 836: And knew not was it night or day

ellauri100.html on line 928: And said the bank was steep.

ellauri100.html on line 930: And said the hour was early still

ellauri100.html on line 1129: Sore beset by wasp and bee,—

ellauri100.html on line 1163: Knew not was it night or day;

ellauri100.html on line 1168: Its bounce was music to her ear.

ellauri100.html on line 1174: Nor was she prick’d by fear;

ellauri100.html on line 1197: Your young life like mine be wasted,

ellauri100.html on line 1211: That juice was wormwood to her tongue,

ellauri100.html on line 1260: Her breath was sweet as May

ellauri100.html on line 1397:     The (awesome but not painful) idea that she had not been everything to me. Otherwise I would never have written a work. Since my taking care of her for six months long, she actually had become everything for me, and I totally forgot of ever have written anything at all. I was nothing more than hopelessly hers. Before that she had made herself transparent so that I could write.... Mixing-up of roles. For months long I had been her mother. I felt like I had lost a daughter.

ellauri101.html on line 42: Joseph John Campbell (March 26, 1904 – October 30, 1987) was an American professor of literature at Sarah Lawrence College who worked in comparative mythology and comparative religion. His work covers many aspects of the human experience. Campbell's best-known work is his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949), in which he discusses his theory of the journey of the archetypal hero shared by world mythologies, termed the monomyth.

ellauri101.html on line 46: Joseph Campbell was born in White Plains, New York, on March 26, 1904, the elder son of hosiery importer and wholesaler Charles William Campbell, from Waltham, Massachusetts, and Josephine (née Lynch), from New York. Campbell was raised in an upper-middle-class Irish Catholic family; he related that his paternal grandfather Charles had been "a peasant" who came to Boston from County Mayo in Ireland, and became the gardener and caretaker at the Lyman estate at Waltham, where his son Charles William Campbell grew up and became a successful salesman at a department store prior to establishing his hosiery business. During his childhood, he moved with his family to nearby New Rochelle, New York. In 1919, a fire destroyed the family home in New Rochelle, killing his maternal grandmother and injuring his father, who tried to save her.

ellauri101.html on line 48: In 1921, Campbell graduated from the Canterbury School in New Milford, Connecticut. While at Dartmouth College he studied biology and mathematics, but decided that he preferred the humanities. He transferred to Columbia University, where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in English literature in 1925 and a Master of Arts degree in medieval literature in 1927. At Dartmouth he had joined Delta Tau Delta. An accomplished athlete, he received awards in track and field events, and, for a time, was among the fastest half-mile runners in the world.

ellauri101.html on line 56: In February 2020, Brooklyn native Lawrence V. "Larry" Ray, born Lawrence Grecco, who had resided in his daughter's on-campus apartment at Lawrence College in 2010 after his release from prison, was charged by prosecutors in Manhattan with conspiracy, extortion, sex trafficking, forced labor, and other related offenses, following nearly 10 years of alleged transgressions with students and former students. At a bail hearing held March 2, 2020, an Assistant U.S. Attorney disclosed to the Manhattan federal court that Ray had been arrested while in bed with one of his victims. Bail was denied.

ellauri101.html on line 63: Joseph Campbell was a curious mythologist. In the field of comparative mythology, most scholars invested their time exploring how one culture’s myths are different than another.

ellauri101.html on line 69: Campbell began identifying the patterns of this monomyth. Over and over again, he was amazed to find this structure in the cultures he studied. He saw the same sequence in many religions including the stories of Gautama Buddha, Moses, and Jesus Christ.

ellauri101.html on line 82: Joku John Hollanti jakaa apinat 6 tyyppiin: realistit tutkivat taiteelliset seuralliset  yritteliäät sovinnaiset. Nää nimityxet on kyllä aika luppoovan ällöjä. Mut ize testi on typerä ammatinvalintatesti, haluisitko tehdä sitä vaiko tätä duunia. Tää on kyllä erittäinkin tylsä, jopa niin ikävystyttävä ettei se edes ole kaupallinen. The theory was developed by John L. Holland over the course of his career, starting in the 1950s. Tässä mä olin yllätyxettömästi tyyppiä Investigative. 

ellauri101.html on line 155:     Joseph Campbell, arguably the greatest mythologist of the twentieth century, was certainly one of our greatest storytellers. This masterfully crafted book interweaves conversations between Campbell and some of the people he inspired, including poet Robert Bly, anthropologist Angeles Arrien, filmmaker David Kennard, Doors drummer John Densmore, psychiatric pioneer Stanislov Grof, Nobel laureate Roger Guillemen, and others. Campbell reflects on subjects ranging from the origins and functions of myth, the role of the artist, and the need for ritual to the ordeals of love and romance. With poetry and humor, Campbell recounts his own quest and conveys the excitement of his lifelong exploration of our mythic traditions, what he called “the one great story of mankind.” Hemmetti nää sen sankarit on lähes yhtä tuntemattomia kuin se ize. 

ellauri101.html on line 163: No one wants to upset me! That's a good one! My life was nothing but misery at this place and now people come along ruining my death!

ellauri101.html on line 313: No offense to you, don’t waste your time, here´s why

ellauri101.html on line 374: Pharrell made the world “Happy” in 2014 with this feel-good anthem. The song soared to #1 in 35 countries—it was the best selling song of 2014. 


ellauri101.html on line 441: Philip Hampson Knight (born February 24, 1938), is an American billionaire businessman. He is the co-founder and chairman emeritus of Nike, Inc., and was previously chairman and CEO of the company. As of July 23, 2020, Knight was ranked by Forbes as the 26th richest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$39.2 billion.

ellauri101.html on line 494: "He was a real Cavan in the courtroom- jurors and judges alike were unable to withstand his powers of argument and persuasion."

ellauri101.html on line 532: Rotwelsch was formerly common among travelling craftspeople and vagrants. The language is built on a strong substratum of German, but contains numerous words from other languages, notably from various German dialects, including Yiddish, as well as from Romany languages, notably Sintitikes. There are also significant influences from Judæo-Latin, the ancient Jewish language spoken in the Roman Empire. Rotwelsch has also played a great role in the development of the Yeniche language. In form and development it closely parallels the commercial speech ("shopkeeper language") of German-speaking regions. During the 19th and 20th century, Rotwelsch was the object of linguistic repression, with systematic investigation by the German police. Fucking Nazis! Examples:

ellauri101.html on line 556:   The Lost Generation was the social generational cohort that came of age during World War I. "Lost" in this context refers to the "disoriented, wandering, directionless" spirit of many of the war's survivors in the early postwar period. The term is also particularly used to refer to a group of American expatriate writers living in Paris during the 1920s. Gertrude Stein is credited with coining the term, and it was subsequently popularized by Ernest Hemingway who used it in the epigraph for his 1926 novel The Sun Also Rises: "You are all a lost generation".

ellauri101.html on line 617: Around the world, members of Generation Z are spending more time on their electronic devices and less time reading books than before, with implications for their attention span, their vocabulary, and thus their school grades as well as their future in the modern economy. At the same time, reading and writing fan fiction is of vogue worldwide, especially among teenage girls and young women. In Asia, educators in the 2000s and 2010s typically sought out and nourished top students whereas in Western Europe and the United States, the emphasis was on low-performers. In addition, East Asian students consistently earned the top spots in international standardized tests during the 2010s.

ellauri101.html on line 628: For comparison, the United Nations estimated that the human population was about 7.8 billion in 2020, up from 2.5 billion in 1950. Roughly three-quarters of all people reside in Africa and Asia in 2020. In fact, most human population growth comes from these two continents, as nations in Europe and the Americas tend to have too few children to replace themselves.

ellauri101.html on line 630: 2018 was the first time when the number of people above 65 years of age (705 million) exceeded those between the ages of zero and four (680 million). If current trends continue, the ratio between these two age groups will top two by 2050.

ellauri101.html on line 637: During the early to mid-2010s, more babies were born to Christian mothers than to those of any other religion in the world, reflecting the fact that Christianity remained the most popular religion in existence. However, it was the Muslims who had a faster rate of growth. About 33% of the world´s babies were born to Christians who made up 31% of the global population between 2010 and 2015, compared to 31% to Muslims, whose share of the human population was 24%. During the same period, the religiously unaffiliated (including atheists and agnostics) made up 16% of the population but gave birth to only 10% of the world´s children.

ellauri101.html on line 645: That U.S. fertility rates continue to drop is anomalous to demographers because fertility rates typically track the nation´s economic health. It was no surprise that U.S. fertility rates dropped during the Great Recession of 2007–8. But the U.S. economy has shown strong signs of recovery for some time, and birthrates continue to fall. In general, however, American women still tend to have children earlier than their counterparts from other developed countries and the U.S. total fertility rate remains comparatively high for a rich country. In fact, compared with their counterparts from other countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), first-time American mothers were among the youngest on average, on par with Latvian women (26.5 years) during the 2010s. At the other extreme end were women from Italy (30.8), and South Korea (31.4). During the same period, American women ended their childbearing years with more children on average (2.2) than most other developed countries, with the notable exception of Icelandic women (2.3). At the other end were women from Germany, Italy, Spain, and Japan (all 1.5).

ellauri101.html on line 647: In 2019, the fertility rate of Mexico was about 2.2, higher than that of any other member of the OECD except Israel at 3.1.

ellauri102.html on line 52: Daniel Yankelovich, Public Opinion Expert and UC San Diego Supporter, Has Died. Dubbed the “dean of American pollsters,” Yankelovich was perhaps best known for starting The New York Times/Yankelovich poll—now known as The New York Times/CBS News poll—and for co-founding the not-for-profit Public Agenda more than 40 years ago. He left a multimillion dollar bequest to endow the Yankelovich Center for Social Science Research.  The Yankelovich Center is devoted to using social science to find practical solutions to the nation's most pressing problems. The most pressing problem now as ever is to increase young upward mobility. Yankelovizh was unwavering in his commitment to the American Dream which he saw as a promise to each generation of Americans that they too can improve their circumstances, their lives and gain economic security.

ellauri102.html on line 54:     Daniel Yankelovich (December 29, 1924 – September 22, 2017) was a public opinion analyst and social scientist. After attending Boston Latin School, Yankelovich graduated from Harvard University in 1946 and 1950 before completing postgraduate studies at the Sorbonne in France. As a psychology professor he has taught at New York University and The New School for Social Research. In 1996 he served as Senior Fellow at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard. In 2015, Yankelovich received the Warren J. Mitofsky Award for Excellence in Public Opinion Research.

ellauri102.html on line 56:     In 1958 he founded the marketing and research firm Daniel Yankelovich, Inc., which was later renamed as Yankelovich, Skelly, & White, Inc., remaining chair till 1986. In 2008, Yankelovich merged with Henley HeadlightVision to create The Futures Company, a planning consultancy that exists under the WPP communications holding company. He also founded The New York Times/Yankelovich Poll, now The New York Times/CBS Poll. In 1976, together with Cyrus Vance, he founded Public Agenda, a nonpartisan group devoted to public opinion and citizen education. Educating the public and forming their public opinion is the key to democracy, viz. κρατεĩν τòν δῆμον, containing the rubble. In 1995 he was awarded the Helen Dinerman Award by the World Association for Public Opinion Research. Fuck these guys are Jews to a man!

ellauri102.html on line 108: After almost a century of moving upward, David has eventually gone down. Yankelovich is survived by his daughter, Nicole Mordecai, and her husband David; granddaughter Rachel Mordecai; sister Libby Schenkman and her children Fay and Max. In 1959, he married Hassmieg Kaboolian; that marriage ended in divorce. She was Armenian. He later married Mary Komarnicki, now deceased, and then Barbara Lee. More recently, he lived in La Jolla with his companion, Laura Nathanson. Laura got nothing, being just a companion. Neither did Kaboolian nor Komarnicki, nor Barbara Lee, for being utter failures, having wrong opinions, or wrong religion. 

ellauri102.html on line 244: Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune described the film as "a big disappointment when compared with the studio's other recent films about a female hero searching for independence." He was further critical of Mulan's characterization in comparison to Ariel and Belle, jotka molemmat on aivan lällyjä. Mä en ole nähnyt Titanicia (enkä todellakaan aio nähdäkään) mutta näkemättäkin oon vakuuttunut eze on yhtä syvältä kuin se paattikin.

ellauri102.html on line 320: Sachs was raised in Oak Park, a suburb of Detroit, Michigan, the son of Joan (née Abrams) and Theodore Sachs, a labor lawyer. His family is Jewish.

ellauri102.html on line 322: Krugman was born to a Russian Jewish family, the son of Anita and David Krugman. In 1922, his paternal grandparents immigrated to the United States from Brest, Belarus, at that time a part of Poland.

ellauri102.html on line 418: Before World War II, her paternal grandparents were communists, but they began to turn against the Soviet Union after the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact in 1939. In 1942, her grandfather, an animator at Disney, was fired after the 1941 strike, and had to switch to working in a shipyard instead. By 1956, they had abandoned communism. Vitun takinkääntäjät, juutalaisiin ei ole luottamista, niinkuin se Trotskykin. Klein's father grew up surrounded by silly ideas of social justice and racial equality, but found it "difficult and frightening to be the child of Communists", a so-called red diaper baby.

ellauri102.html on line 425:     She has attributed her change in worldview to two catalysts. One was when she was 17 and preparing for the University of Toronto, her mother had a stroke and became severely disabled. Naomi, her father, and her brother took care of Bonnie through the period in hospital and at home, making educational sacrifices to do so. That year off prevented her "from being such a brat". The next year, after beginning her studies at the University of Toronto, the second catalyst occurred: the 1989 École Polytechnique massacre of female engineering students, which proved to be a wake-up call to feminism.

ellauri102.html on line 463: The Problem: The problem with this ad campaign was the fact that is promoted “body shaming”. Many feminist groups noted that the wording of the ad insinuates that the body in the picture is the only “acceptable” beach body. This means that any other body type not like the one in the picture is “unready”.

ellauri102.html on line 471: The Problem: Controversy for this ad campaign arose in many different ways. The first was the use of world leaders without their consent. In fact, one of the ads features Pope Benedict XVI kissing a top Egyptian imam which was quickly removed after being condemned by the Vatican.

ellauri102.html on line 479: The Problem: During the time the advert was released, there were many protests and riots taking place in America over the #BlackLivesMatter campaign. The ad took a lot of “inspiration” from these protests and fundamentally undermined the whole point of the protests. In addition to this, the ad also received a lot of criticism for how Pepsi was responsible for “saving the day.”

ellauri102.html on line 487: The Problem: As you can probably see from the advert above, the choice of words for this campaign was very poorly chosen. To make things worse, they specifically aimed the campaign at people in the Middle East which caused many people to call the advert racist.

ellauri102.html on line 489: In addition to this, many right-wing groups started to promote the advert with some going as far as saying Nivea was the official alt-right antiperspirant. Eventually, Nivea released a statement about the ad and immediately withdrew it after realising the wording and context caused offence to many viewers.

ellauri102.html on line 507: The Problem: After Kaepernick refused to stand for the national anthem, many viewers became angry at him and viewed him as anti-American. The fact that Nike was using him in their ads made many people believe Nike was also anti-American. This sparked a lot of controversies online with many social media users posting pictures of themselves destroying Nike products, along with the hashtag #JustBurnIt.

ellauri102.html on line 572: "So all of those things together made us consider just uprooting and relocating to our family cottage. It was my husband's idea. It was a good idea."

ellauri102.html on line 578: "It's even something I did in my 20s when I when I had gone through cancer treatments. It was just one of these things that kept my spirits up and kept me healthy," she said.

ellauri102.html on line 579: "Is it really that bad being embarrassed compared to being in everybody's phone? Thankfully, I was cured then and since I've had my kids and a good life. But when the pandemic started, it was almost like revisiting some of that because I had to kind of go back into being isolated because of my immune system. And if you ever feel really stuck, just put on some music. It has such a powerful effect. And you don't have to be a dancer. You don't have to have moves. Just move how you feel  — don't worry about it looking weird. You know, life's too short to be ashamed for being weird."

ellauri105.html on line 100: In many ways, there was a notable convergence in how Democrats and Republicans saw Biden’s speech: as a breathtakingly ambitious set of proposals to use government as an instrument of social and economic transformation—an unabashed progressive platform unseen from a President in my lifetime. Republicans hated it; Democrats, for the most part, loved it.

ellauri105.html on line 101: The result was the most avowedly liberal call to action I have ever heard a President make from that congressional podium. Unlike the longtime socialist Bernie Sanders, whom Biden beat in the Democratic primaries, he does not call himself a revolutionary. Unlike the self-styled populist Donald S. Trump, whom Biden beat in the general election, he does not call himself a disrupter. Were Congress to enact his proposals, Biden would end up as both.

ellauri105.html on line 118: I lost my shit when I found out he was a flat earther. You cannot debate or argue with a flat earther. These are people that

ellauri105.html on line 120:     Externalize blame. If they are late to work they will say “traffic was bad” or “construction stopped me” instead of “I overslept”. These people find it a lot easier to blame everyone else for their failures.

ellauri105.html on line 144: Sorry, I missed the part where she was in any conceivable way relevant to the topic...

ellauri106.html on line 35: Some consider his best novel, My Life as a Man. He was awarded the 2010 National Humanities Medal by President Barack Obama at the White House in 2011. He died of congestive heart failure on May 22, 2018, at age 85. True — he never won the Nobel Prize for literature. D´oh. 

ellauri106.html on line 46: Philip Roth has not had much luck with biographers. Late in his life, furiously aggrieved after the failure of his marriage to the actress Claire Bloom and the publication of Bloom’s incendiary memoir of their years together, he asked a close friend, Ross Miller, an English professor at the University of Connecticut, to take on the task. Roth sent Miller lists of family members and friends he wanted to be interviewed, along with the questions that he felt should be asked. (“Would you have expected him to achieve success on the scale he has?”) It didn’t work out, for various reasons. Roth had wanted Miller to refute a familiar charge, “this whole mad fucking misogynistic bullshit!” that he felt flattened his long erotic history into one false accusation. But Miller came to his own conclusion. “There is a predatory side to both Sandy and Philip,” he told a cousin of Roth’s. (Sandy was Roth’s older brother.) “They look at women—I’m not gonna write about this—but they are misogynist. They talk about women in that way.”

ellauri106.html on line 50: What may be more damning, though, is what the Bailey revelations don’t change. “It wasn’t just ‘Fucked this one fucked that one fucked this one,’ ” Roth once told Miller. Yet Bailey’s biography gives the impression that it was exactly like that: a long life spent writing book after book, and pursuing, then fleeing from, woman after woman after woman.

ellauri106.html on line 52: It was not Bailey’s role as a biographer to pass judgment on his subject. He needed only try to understand him, and to make us understand him, too. “Why shouldn’t I be treated as seriously as Colette on this?” Roth had asked Miller, of the sex question. “She gave a blow job to this guy in the railway station. Who gives a fuck about that? . . . That doesn’t tell me anything. What did hand jobs mean to her?”

ellauri106.html on line 54: So what did sex mean to Roth? Bailey’s book is so caught up in its obsessive cataloguing of paramours that the forest gets lost in an endless succession of trees. The place where Roth found insight into his own character was on the double bag. Over and over, in the novels, he transformed pro life. Bailey’s prurient, exhaustively literal version of that life reverses the effect, and the result is sadly diminishing. What he never grasps is Roth the artist, with his powers of imagination, of expression, of language—what made him worthy of biography at all.

ellauri106.html on line 65: Philip Roth was the younger of the 2 boys of Herman Roth (1901–1989) and his wife Bess, nee Finkel (1904–1981). Both parents were assimilated American Jews of the second generation of immigrants. The maternal grandparents came from the area around Kiev, the Yiddish-speaking paternal grandparents, Sender and Bertha Roth, from Koslow in Galicia. Sender Roth had trained as a rabbi in Galicia and worked in a hat factory in Newark. Herman Roth, the middle of seven children and the first child in the United States, first worked in a factory after eight years of schooling, then became an insurance agent selling door-to-door life insurance. By his retirement he made it to the district director of Metropolitan Life. Philip Roth's brother, Sanford (Sandy) Roth (1927–2009), who was four years older than him, studied art at the Pratt Institute, became vice-president of the advertising agency Ogilvy & Mather in Chicago and made a name for himself as a painter after his "early retirement".

ellauri106.html on line 67: In October 1956, Philip Roth met the secretary Margaret Martinson Williams in Chicago, whom he married in February 1959. The divorced mother of two children of completely different social origins, who was four years older than him, initially gave Roth the feeling of both a challenge and a liberation. Later, however, the problems and arguments in their relationship increased, which the writer dealt with in retrospect in works such as When She Was Good ( Lucy Nelson or Die Moral, 1967) or My Life As a Man (Mein Leben als Mann, 1974). In his autobiography The Facts (The Facts, 1988) Margaret even advanced as Josie Jensen to the “counter-self”, to the “arch enemy and nemesis ” of the author. The couple separated in 1963, but Margaret Roth refused to consent to a divorce. Five years later she died in a car accident.

ellauri106.html on line 69: From 1958 onwards, the couple lived in New York on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, and in 1959 they spent seven months in Italy on a Guggenheim grant. Upon their return, they both settled in Iowa City, where Roth led the Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa. The experiences in small-town Iowa far away from the American metropolises flowed into Roth's second novel Letting Go (Other People's Worries), which was published in 1962, but in contrast to Roth's previously published volume of short stories Goodbye, Columbus caused mixed reactions from critics. Stanley Edgar Hyman, for example, criticized weaknesses in the narrative structure of the novel, the two narrative parts of which are only superficially connected, but praised what he saw as "the keenest eye for the details of American life since Sinclair Lewis". Letting Go is also the first novel in which Roth, as in numerous later works, made the writings of his literary predecessors an integral part of the narrative, and is therefore often referred to as Roth's first "Henry James novel".

ellauri106.html on line 71: In 1962, the same year Letting Go was published, Roth became Writer-in-Residence at Princeton University. After separating from his wife, Roth began a five-year psychoanalysis with the New York psychiatrist Hans J. Kleinschmidt, who published the case history anonymously in a medical journal in 1967 under the title The Angry Act: The Role of Aggression in Creativity. Roth traveled to Israel for the first time in June 1963. He participated in the American Jewish Congress, held discussions with Israeli intellectuals and Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion. From 1965 to 1977 Roth had a lectureship in comparative literature at the University of Pennsylvania.

ellauri106.html on line 73: Roth's skandalumwitterter bestselling novel Portnoy's Complaint (Portnoy's Complaint) was promoted in 1969 to a bang that made the writer widely publicized and also the discussion of literary pornography in American literary criticism.

ellauri106.html on line 76: In 1987, in the loneliness of Connecticut, Roth experienced a breakdown caused by a sleeping pill with hallucinatory side effects. He made the experience, as well as the trial of the concentration camp guard John Demjanjuk in Jerusalem, whom he had followed as an observer, the starting point of the 1993 novel Operation Shylock, the encounter between a fictional Philip Roth and his doppelganger. The writer also felt increasingly isolated in London and returned to New York, where he moved into an apartment on the Upper West Side. He took over from 1988 to 1991 a professor of literature at Hunter College of the City University of New York. In 1990 he married his longtime partner Claire Bloom, but the marriage was divorced in 1994 after Roth's growing estrangement and severe depression, including a stay in a psychiatric clinic. Bloom dealt with the problematic relationship two years later in her memoir Leaving a Doll's House .

ellauri106.html on line 78: In the American trilogy, the resurrected alter ego Zuckerman discovers the true identities of the protagonists of a sports idol in American Pastoral ( American Idyll, 1997), a radio star in I Married a Communist ( My Man, the Communist, 1998) and a professor emeritus in The Human Stain ( The Human Blemish, 2000) against the backdrop of changing American eras. American Pastoral was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1998 and is considered "a remarkable example of a literary interpretation of the descent of the initially so confident [American] post-war white society into the depths of uncertainty" as a result of the Vietnam War .

ellauri106.html on line 82: The story The Breast (Breast) from the following year, the literature professor David Kepesh transformed in into a female breast, awakens echoes of Franz Kafka, the Roth has for a special devotion among his literary models. The search for Kafka's traces led to his first visit to Prague in 1972, which was followed by annual trips until the author was refused an entry visa in 1977. In Czechoslovakia Roth got to know contemporary Czech literature and was in contact with Ivan Klíma, Milan Kundera and Ludvík Vaculík in particular.

ellauri106.html on line 84: In October 2012, Roth announced to the French culture magazine Les Inrocks that Nemesis was his last book. At the age of 74 he began to reread his favorite authors such as Dostoyevsky, Turgenew, Conrad and Hemingway as well as his own works. He came to the conclusion that he had made the best of his possibilities and did not want to continue working as an author, read or talk about new literature.

ellauri106.html on line 104: 	He enjoyed a robust childhood and was poplar in high school where he was a bright student but not quite diligent enough in his studies to win a prized full scholarship to Rutgers where he wanted to study law. Roth attended Rutgers University in Newark for a year, then transferred to Bucknell University in Pennsylvania, where he earned a B.A. magna cum laude in English and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. He received a scholarship to attend the University of Chicago, where he earned an M.A. in English literature in 1955 and briefly worked as an instructor in the university´s writing program. Less prestigious Bucknell University in Pennsylvania was Roth’s fallback school.  There he abandoned his vague dreams of becoming a lawyer for the underdog and turned his attention to writing. 

ellauri106.html on line 106: 	That same year, rather than wait to be drafted, Roth enlisted in the army. Roth enlisted in the Army that year to avoid being drafted and assigned to unpleasant duty like the infantry. Fortunately he suffered a back injury during basic training and was given a medical discharge. Who knows. He returned to Chicago in 1956 to study for a PhD in literature but dropped out after one term. It was a yeasty environment for a young writer.  Saul Bellow was a contemporary and with some what similar backgrounds and interests they could not avoid being rivals. During that year he met a lovely shiksa waitress Margaret Martinson, a single woman with a small child.  He was smitten.  An intense, but often troubled relationship ensued.  At the end of the year he dropped out of the U of C and headed to the University of Iowa to teach in its creative writing program. None the less, whatever he may have said, Roth was not happy there, perhaps because the semi-rural Midwesterness of Ames was alien to him.  After a while with Martinson in tow he moved on to a similar position at Princeton, another WASP bastion but one with even more prestige.  Everyone who knew him recognized Roth as an early comer. He later continued his academic career at the University of Pennsylvania, where he taught comparative literature before retiring from teaching in 1991. Roth started teaching literature in the late 1960s at the University of Pennsylvania. The 1969 feature film adaptation of Goodbye, Columbus coincided with the publication of Portnoy’s Complaint, which soon became a best-seller amid controversy for its prurient content. (Those who've read it will likely not forget Portnoy's "love affair" with mom´s slab of liver in the fridge.)

ellauri106.html on line 122: 	Philip Roth was born in Newark, New Jersey, on March 19, 1933, and grew up at 81 Summit Avenue in the Weequahic neighborhood. He was the second child of Bess (née Finkel) and Herman Roth, an insurance broker. Roth's family was Jewish, and his parents were second-generation Americans. Roth's father's parents came from Kozlov near Lviv (then Lemberg) in Austrian Galicia; his mother's ancestors were from the region of Kyiv in Ukraine. Viulunsoittajia katolta.

ellauri106.html on line 124: 	He graduated from Newark´s Weequahic High School in or around 1950. In 1969 Arnold H. Lubasch wrote in The New York Times, "It has provided the focus for the fiction of Philip Roth, the novelist who evokes his era at Weequahic High School in the highly acclaimed Portnoy´s Complaint. Besides identifying Weequahic High School by name, the novel specifies such sites as the Empire Burlesque, the Weequahic Diner, the Newark Museum and Irvington Park, all local landmarks that helped shape the youth of the real Roth and the fictional Portnoy, both graduates of Weequahic class of ´50." The 1950 Weequahic Yearbook calls Roth a "boy of real intelligence, combined with wit and common sense." He was known as a clown during high school.

ellauri106.html on line 126: A committed atheist, Philip Roth feared only one form of posthumous punishment: being trapped for all eternity in a hostile biography. In 2007, Roth, echoing a similar quip from Oscar Wilde, said, “Biography gives a new dimension of terror to dying.” Roth’s had already been the subject of a harsh and unforgiving portrait in Leaving a Doll’s House (1996), the memoirs of his former wife, the actor Claire Bloom. As John Updike noted in The New York Review of Books, “Claire Bloom, as the wronged ex-wife of Philip Roth, shows him to have been, as their marriage rapidly unraveled, neurasthenic to the point of hospitalization, adulterous, callously selfish, and financially vindictive.” This crisp summary ended Roth’s friendship with Updike, even after Updike made clear he was recapping Bloom’s book and not affirming its accuracy.

ellauri106.html on line 128: In a private note about Bloom’s book, Roth asserted, “Another writer my age awaiting a biography and awaiting death (which is worse?) might not care. I do.” Roth put enormous efforts into finding a biographer who could contest Bloom’s account. His first choice was the academic Ross Miller, but the novelist had a falling out with his biographer as the would-be James Boswell resisted the imperious dictates of the modern Dr. Johnson. Roth ended up describing his relationship with Miller as “my third bad marriage.” After unsuccessfully trying to rope in friends such as Hermione Lee and Judith Thurman to tell his life story, Roth settled on Blake Bailey, the author of highly regarded biographies of troubled male American writers, notably Richard Yates and John Cheever.

ellauri106.html on line 130: Given long-standing feminist arguments that Roth is a misogynist—not to mention the portrait in Bloom’s memoirs—it was inevitable that any Roth biography would spark arguments about gender politics. What was surprising is that the debate would center around the biographer more than Roth. In the wake of the biography’s release, Bailey has been accused of shocking acts. Four former students from the elite New Orleans high school where he’d taught during the 1990s came forward to complain that he had groomed them as minors and sexually pursued them as adults. One of these women claimed he raped her. Another former student came forward with an allegation of attempted rape when she was an adult. Finally, Valentina Rice, a New York publishing executive, told The New York Times that Bailey raped her in 2015. Bailey strenuously denies all these allegations.	

ellauri106.html on line 148: A mid-1970s transplant to Chicago from New York, he rose in the competitive advertising world to become senior vice president and creative director of Ogilvy & Mather, where his major account was Sears Home Fashions, friends and family said. But in 1983, he gave it all up to devote himself to painting full time.

ellauri106.html on line 156: Eli Rosenthal, his former roommate at the time, said the two met in a fashion illustrating class. "I looked over at him and I said, 'Wow, this guy can really draw and I want to be like him,'" he said. "He always walked around with a sketch pad. He said it was great for picking up girls."

ellauri106.html on line 158: Mr. Roth was first married in 1954 and shortly thereafter adopted two boys, Seth and Jonathan. He struggled with raising both young children after his wife died in 1970. Not Dorene, but an ex, not named. 

ellauri106.html on line 175:   Word has come that Philip Roth died on Tuesday in New York City at the age of 85.  He was widely considered the last of the Great American Novelists of the late 20th Century the peer of heavy hitters John Updike and Saul Bellow.  Roth himself believed that the novel, which had ruled for a century as the supreme and exalted American literary form, is doomed to becoming a cult niche in the Age of the Internet for a diminishing educated elite, “I think always people will be reading them but it will be a small group of people. Maybe more people than now read Latin poetry, but somewhere in that range…” Ever a realist, Roth was sanguine with the prospect.

ellauri106.html on line 177:     Roth was far more prolific than either of the novelists he was frequently lumped with—29 full length novels and a dazzling debut novella over nearly 50 years.  His output was also more diverse in style and topic than either of the other while reaping critical praise, armloads of awards, and commercial success.  Yet at the core of his varied output were common threads—a Jewish identity with which he was not always comfortable but could not deny, a sense of being profoundly American— “if I am not American what am I”—a, a sex drive that was often creepily compulsive, and the world observed by fictional doppelgangers for the author, or sometimes the author himself as a fictional character.

ellauri106.html on line 180:  Not far behind will be some Jewish critics who always found Roth’s portraits embarrassing for their relentless sexuality and discomfort with aspects of the culture that were at odds with his identity as an American.  Others were angered at his voraciously espoused atheism—“I’m exactly the opposite of religious, I’m anti-religious. I find religious people hideous. I hate the religious lies. It’s all a big lie.”  Some Jewish critics hounded him from the beginning of his career.  Rabbi Gershom Scholem, the great kabbalah scholar, said Portnoy’s Complaint was more harmful to Jews than The Protocols of the Elders of Zion.  And Roth was heckled and booed at an early appearance at Yeshiva University which stunned and shocked the author.

ellauri106.html on line 184: “The comedy is that the real haters of the bourgeois Jews, with the real contempt for their everyday lives, are these complex intellectual giants,” Zuckerman snorts. “They loathe them, and don’t particularly care for the smell of the Jewish proletariat either. All of them full of sympathy suddenly for the ghetto world of their traditional fathers now that the traditional fathers are filed for safekeeping in Beth Moses Memorial Park. When they were alive they wanted to strangle the immigrant bastards to death because they dared to think they could actually be of consequence without ever having read Proust past Swann’s Way. And the ghetto—what the ghetto saw of these guys was their heels: out, out, screaming for air, to write about great Jews like Ralph Waldo Emerson and William Dean Howells. But now that the Weathermen are around, and me and my friends Jerry Rubin and Herbert Marcuse and H. Rap Brown, it’s where oh where’s the inspired orderliness of those good old Hebrew school days? Where’s the linoleum? Where’s Aunt Rose? Where is all the wonderful inflexible patriarchal authority into which they wanted to stick a knife?”

ellauri106.html on line 193: “In 1949, when I was sixteen, I stumbled on Thomas Wolfe, who died at thirty-eight in 1938, and who made numerous adolescents aside from me devotees of literature for life.  In Wolfe, everything was heroically outsized, whether it was the voracious appetite for experience of Eugene Gant, the hero of his first two novels, or of George Webber, the hero of his last two. The hero's loneliness, his egocentrism, his sprawling consciousness gave rise to a tone of elegiac lyricism that was endlessly sustained by the raw yearning for an epic existence—for an epic  American existence. And, in those postwar years, what imaginative young reader didn't yearn for that?” -- Philip Roth

ellauri106.html on line 195: Thomas Wolfe (1900–1938) was born in Asheville, North Carolina, and educated at the University of North Carolina and Harvard University. He taught English at New York University and traveled extensively in Europe and America. Wolfe created his legacy as a classic American novelist with Look Homeward, Angel; Of Time and the River; A Stone, a Leaf, a Door; and From Death to Morning. Wolfe's influence extends to the writings of Beat Generation writer Jack Kerouac, and of authors Ray Bradbury and Philip Roth, among others. He remains an important writer in modern American literature, as one of the first masters of autobiographical fiction, and is considered North Carolina's most famous writer. Ei mitään pientä. 

ellauri106.html on line 200: was built.

ellauri106.html on line 202: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century Middle English chivalric romance. The author is unknown; the title was given centuries later. It is one of the best known Arthurian stories. It is an important example of a chivalric romance, which typically involves a hero who goes on a quest which tests his prowess.

ellauri106.html on line 243: The women in the writer´s life provided inspiration for characters in his novels both positive and negative. PHILIP Roth was famed for his observations on life - some of which he gathered from his own relationships with his ex-wives.

ellauri106.html on line 255: Who are Philip Roth´s ex-wives Claire Bloom and Margaret Martinson? Have they got anything in common? I bet they were spitting images of Phil´s mother, one way or another. Roth was married twice – to Margaret Martinson from 1959 to 1963. He met Martinson in 1956 and married her three years later. Roth claims she used someone else’s urine sample to persuade him she was pregnant and trick him into marriage.

ellauri106.html on line 262: Author Philip Roth was prolific and often made blackly comic reflections on his own life and relationships. When did they get divorced?

ellauri106.html on line 263: He was wedded to long-time partner Claire Bloom from 1990 to 1995. Roth and Bloom’s five-year marriage ended in divorce in 1995.

ellauri106.html on line 265: Roth was Bloom´s third husband.

ellauri106.html on line 266: She was previously wed to actor Rod Steiger and producer Hillard Elkins.

ellauri106.html on line 273: Roth claimed his first wife, Margaret Martinson, used someone else’s urine sample to persuade him she was pregnant and trick him into marrying her.

ellauri106.html on line 276:   Second wife Claire Bloom had a daughter, Anna Steiger, from her marriage to American actor Rod Steiger. In all likelihood, Philip Roth was as sterile as a band-aid. In other words, he was barren useless unproductive infertile sanitary antiseptic aseptic unfruitful sterilized disinfected hygienic arid uncontaminated needy untouched fruitless useless unpolluted uninspired boring futile pointless unimaginative unfertile germ-free impotent pure unprofitable childless rich vain trivial invalid effete ineffectual infecund uninfected lifeless inert bootless

ellauri106.html on line 277: uninventive profitless abortive decontaminated germfree unrewarding wasted

ellauri106.html on line 280: He shot blanks. He was altered, desexed, neutered, sterilized, castrated, emasculated, gelded, spayed, unproductive.

ellauri106.html on line 331: William Dean Howells (/ˈhaʊəlz/; March 1, 1837 – May 11, 1920) was an American realist novelist, literary critic, and playwright, nicknamed "The Dean of American Letters".

ellauri106.html on line 335: He avidly studied German and other languages and was greatly interested in Heinrich Heine. (Another jew. )

ellauri106.html on line 338: His Silas Lapham was a rags to riches and right back to rags story.

ellauri106.html on line 341: Howells was a Christian socialist whose ideals were greatly influenced by Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. These influences led him to write on issues of social justice from a moral and egalitarian point of view, being critic of the social effects of industrial capitalism. He was, however, not a Marxist. Phew. 

ellauri106.html on line 347: The Weathermen Underground Organization (WUO), commonly known as the Weather Underground, was a radical left militant organization active in the late 1960s and 1970s, founded on the Ann Arbor campus of the University of Michigan. It was originally called the Weathermen. The WUO organized in 1969 as a faction of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) largely composed of the national office leadership of SDS and their supporters. Beginning in 1974, the organization´s express political goal was to create a revolutionary party to overthrow American imperialism.

ellauri106.html on line 351: That Dylan line was also the title of a position paper distributed at an SDS convention in Chicago on June 18, 1969. This founding document called for a "White fighting force" to be allied with the "Black Liberation Movement" and other radical movements to achieve "the destruction of U.S. imperialism and form a classless communist world".

ellauri106.html on line 352: No wonder class conscious Phil was flustered. He wanted to wear his gloves to dinner.

ellauri106.html on line 359: Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin (born Hubert Gerold Brown; October 4, 1943), formerly known as H. Rap Brown, is a civil rights activist who was the fifth chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in the 1960s. During a short-lived (six months) alliance between SNCC and the Black Panther Party, he served as their minister of justice.

ellauri106.html on line 363: Otis Jackson, a man incarcerated for unrelated charges, claimed that he committed the Fulton County shooting two years before al-Amin was convicted of the same crime, but the court did not consider Jackson´s statement as evidence.

ellauri106.html on line 365: Brown is now known to have no direct relationship with the alleged riot of 1967. The head of the Cambridge police department, Brice Kinnamon, nonetheless claimed that the city had no racial problems, Brown was the "sole" cause of the disorder, and it was "a well-planned Communist attempt to overthrow the government."

ellauri106.html on line 367: Documents from the Kerner Commission investigation show that he completed his speech at 10 pm July 24, then walked a woman home and was allegedly shot by a deputy sheriff without provocation.

ellauri106.html on line 386: A committed atheist, Philip Roth feared only one form of posthumous punishment: being trapped for all eternity in a hostile biography. In 2007, Roth, echoing a similar quip from Oscar Wilde, said, “Biography gives a new dimension of terror to dying.” Roth’s had already been the subject of a harsh and unforgiving portrait in Leaving a Doll’s House (1996), the memoirs of his former wife, the actor Claire Bloom. As John Updike noted in The New York Review of Books, “Claire Bloom, as the wronged ex-wife of Philip Roth, shows him to have been, as their marriage rapidly unraveled, neurasthenic to the point of hospitalization, adulterous, callously selfish, and financially vindictive.” This crisp summary ended Roth’s friendship with Updike, even after Updike made clear he was recapping Bloom’s book and not affirming its accuracy.

ellauri106.html on line 388: In a private note about Bloom’s book, Roth asserted, “Another writer my age awaiting a biography and awaiting death (which is worse?) might not care. I do.” Roth put enormous efforts into finding a biographer who could contest Bloom’s account. His first choice was the academic Ross Miller, but the novelist had a falling out with his biographer as the would-be James Boswell resisted the imperious dictates of the modern Dr. Johnson. Roth ended up describing his relationship with Miller as “my third bad marriage.” After unsuccessfully trying to rope in friends such as Hermione Lee and Judith Thurman to tell his life story, Roth settled on Blake Bailey, the author of highly regarded biographies of troubled male American writers, notably Richard Yates and John Cheever.

ellauri106.html on line 390:     Given long-standing feminist arguments that Roth is a misogynist—not to mention the portrait in Bloom’s memoirs—it was inevitable that any Roth biography would spark arguments about gender politics. What was surprising is that the debate would center around the biographer more than Roth. In the wake of the biography’s release, Bailey has been accused of shocking acts. Four former students from the elite New Orleans high school where he’d taught during the 1990s came forward to complain that he had groomed them as minors and sexually pursued them as adults. One of these women claimed he raped her. Another former student came forward with an allegation of attempted rape when she was an adult. Finally, Valentina Rice, a New York publishing executive, told The New York Times that Bailey raped her in 2015. Bailey strenuously denies all these allegations.

ellauri106.html on line 403: Religion was a lie that he had recognized early in life, and he found all religions offensive, considered their superstitious folderol meaningless, childish, couldn´t stand the complete unadultness — the baby talk and the righteousness and the sheep, the avid believers. No hocus-pocus about death and God or obsolete fantasies of heaven for him. There was only our bodies, born to live and die on terms decided by the bodies that had lived and died before us. If he could be said to have located a philosophical niche for himself that was it - he'd come upon it early and intuitively, and however elemental, that was the whole of it. Should he ever write an autobiography, he'd call it The Life and Death of a Male Body.

ellauri106.html on line 405: Phil´s childhood love of baseball offered him “membership in a great secular nationalistic church from which nobody had ever seemed to suggest that Jews should be excluded.” Babe Ruth, whose real name was George Herman Ruth, Jr., was born and raised in Baltimore, Maryland. He died of pneumonia and complications from throat cancer in New York City in 1948.

ellauri106.html on line 407: Ruth was a Catholic.1 And not only did he attend Catholic school growing up, his parents actually signed custody of Ruth over to the Catholic missionaries at St. Mary’s Industrial School for Boys in Baltimore when he was seven-years-old.2 So Babe was quite literally raised by the Catholic Church.

ellauri106.html on line 409: Ruth has spoken about his childhood and his faith. He had a conversion of sorts. As a youngster, he was a delinquent–chewing tobacco and drinking and swearing. He says he had no faith in God before he was sent to the Catholic school and that the biggest lesson he got from the experience there was learning that “God was Boss.”

ellauri106.html on line 413: Religion may have given most of these bloodthirsty episodes a badge. It frequently provided a cohesive force, just as human ideas about nationhood and race still do - but it was hardly ever the underlying cause. Admittedly, while organised religion has frequently sanctioned and even blessed such conflicts, giving them some sense of purpose, it has rarely initiated them.

ellauri106.html on line 421:     And this, too, is surely true of religion. In prehistoric times, Homo sapiens was deeply endangered. Early humans were less fleet of foot, with fewer natural weapons and less well-honed senses than all the predators that threatened them. Moreover, they were hampered in their movements by the need to protect their uniquely immature young - juicy meals for any hungry beast. We had less natural protection against repeated changes of climate than other species - yet we survived. Human spirituality would have played an important part.

ellauri106.html on line 425: As well as the social cohesion that spirituality and early religious beliefs must have brought to threatened groups of humans, they must also have been a valuable mechanism to persuade humans to struggle against the odds. Surely, human spirituality is deeply embedded in our genes. Victor Frankl, in his observations about survival in Auschwitz, argued that in his view, only those inmates who had some spiritual sense, some idea that there was a power above that could see their suffering, found the strength and resolution to survive the terrible dehumanisation and deprivation of the concentration camps. 

ellauri106.html on line 440:     As a result, like Leo Tolstoy’s The Death of Ivan Ilych(1886), a retelling of Ivan Ilych’s life that Roth mentions and a work that marks Tolstoy’s return to Christianity of a certain sort, American Pastoral is Roth’s return to Judaism — but also only of a sort. Without Jehovah for starters. Tolstoy was banned from Orthodox Church in 1901 for his anarcho-pacifism.

ellauri106.html on line 464: In his final years, however, Roth was embraced by American Jews. In 1998 he won the Jewish Book Council’s Lifetime Literary Achievement Award and in 2014, the Jewish Theological Seminary, Conservative Judaism’s flagship educational institution, bestowed him with an honorary doctorate.

ellauri106.html on line 467: “This was absolutely the last appearance I will make on any public stage, anywhere,” said Roth, although on Wednesday news broke that he will appear as an interview guest on Comedy Central’s “Colbert Report” in July.

ellauri106.html on line 472: “From enfant terrible to elder statesman. Time heals all wounds,” Rabbi David Wolpe of Sinai Temple in Los Angeles remarked to JTA via email. No hocus pocus about death and God or obsolete fantasies of heaven for him. There was only our bodies, born to live and die on terms decided by the bodies that had lived and died before us. If he could be said to have located a philosophical niche for himself, that was it — he’d come upon it early and intuitively, and however elemental, that was the whole of it. Should he ever write an autobiography, he’d call it ‘The Life and Death of the Male Body.’ Well actually he called it "My life as a man". 

ellauri106.html on line 474: 	There was no metaphysical dimension to Philip. He just flatly refused to believe in it. He thought it was fairy tales,” Bailey said. he was happy to be Jewish, Bailey said. “He liked Jews as human beings. He liked their warmth, he liked his male friends. “If the Western world views itself through the lens of the modern Jewish experience, it is in large measure due to the novels, novellas and short stories of Philip Roth,” wrote David Roskies, a JTS Jewish literature professor, in a note to the class of 2014.

ellauri106.html on line 516: Vietnam was, in fact, the inevitable result of America’s romantic liberalism, the natural byproduct of President Truman’s announcement in 1947 that “The free peoples of the world look to us for support in maintaining their freedoms.” In practice, this meant the propping up of each and every anti-communist regime, however unfree it might be.

ellauri106.html on line 520: In Roth’s nostalgic past, the practical influence of the New Left — the impact of the anti-war movement on ending the Vietnam war, for instance — is as easily dismissed as was the old left’s voice in the New Deal and postwar industrialization.

ellauri106.html on line 524: Reduced to a life of isolation amid a decrepit apartment in which her only possession is the stained pallet on which she sleeps, Merry, the precious daughter of All-American Swede Levov, is “disgusting. His daughter is a human mess stinking of human waste. Her smell is the smell of everything organic breaking down. It is the smell of no coherence. It is the smell of all she’s become”.

ellauri106.html on line 531: Confident from its victory over Fascism and emboldened by the subsequent economic boom, America jelled behind what social theorist Jeffrey Alexander has called modernization or romantic liberalism. As has been the case throughout much of Roth’s career, the socio-political touchstone of his American Trilogy is the “patriotic war years” and the consensus culture that blossomed immediately afterward. “Everything was in motion,” Zuckerman says in the opening pages of American Pastoral. “The lid was off. Americans were to start over again, en masse, everyone in it together”. Reagan-propagandaa. 

ellauri106.html on line 533: That imagined past included the old left and its heroic narrative of collective emancipation, which, particularly after the revelations of Stalinist atrocities, no longer seemed enticing. Instead, American ideology turned on the “romantic” belief that the nation had, in effect, already discovered an ideal social order, “that progress would be more or less continuously achieved, that improvement was likely”.

ellauri106.html on line 535: America’s self-constructed binary opposition to the Soviet Union, whose “Godless totalitarianism” was the only remaining threat to the global propagation of America’s core values of "Godful utilitarianism."

ellauri106.html on line 538: I don’t imagine I’m the only grown man who was a Jewish kid aspiring to be an all-American kid during the patriotic war years,” Zuckerman remembers.

ellauri106.html on line 544:     Society as it was constituted — its forces all in constant motion, the intricate underwebbing of interests stretched to its limit, the battle for advantage that is ongoing, the subjugation that is ongoing, the factional collisions and collusions, the shrewd jargon of morality, the benign despot that is convention, the unstable illusion of stability — society as it was made, always has been and must be made, was as foreign to them as was King Arthur’s court to the Connecticut Yankee.

ellauri106.html on line 556: Before his death from congestive heart failure on Tuesday, he made no secret of his contempt for Donald Trump, was instinctively liberal in most respects, and thought of himself as a Roosevelt Democrat. Yet his political novels have a nagging MAGA aftertaste. Successful, decent, hardworking men, who in the time of our fathers would have been appreciated, are mindlessly destroyed by modern women as the embodiments of a degenerate society. Roth’s desire, ultimately, is the same as Reagan’s: an impossible return to the promised land of modernization. Not by coincidence, the final chapter of The Human Stain is titled, “The Purifying Ritual.” Puhdistuxesta kuumuu kaikki anaalis-obsessiiviset henkilöt Hitleristä Rothiin ja Sofi Oxaseen. Puhamaan! Äiitii mä oon vallmiiis! Tuu PYYHKIMÄÄN!

ellauri106.html on line 621: Mailer was hugely popular at his peak, but now he’s probably best known for that whole stabbing-his-second-wife awkwardness; Updike is regularly derided as “a misogynist”; and Bellow’s female characters are often, at best, thinly drawn, or full-on bitches and shrews. Now, inevitably, it’s Roth’s turn. Roth’s women were either “vicious and alluring” or “virtuous and boring”.

ellauri106.html on line 624: Roth’s ex-wife, Claire Bloom, wrote about their relationship in her memoir, Leaving A Doll’s House, 25 years ago. You could also read Roth’s not-exactly-contrite reaction to Bloom’s complaints, his 1998 novel, I Married A Communist, in which the protagonist’s vicious wife was clearly based on Bloom.

ellauri106.html on line 625: Second-wave feminists including Kate Millett and Germaine Greer took on Mailer, and David Foster Wallace described Updike as “a penis with a thesaurus”. Wallu conversely was a thesaurus without a penis.

ellauri106.html on line 630: Stop treating the misogyny in Philip Roth’s work like a dirty secret, sanoo feministisempi ääni vasemmalta. Roth’s sex-positive sexism is one of the ways he truly portrayed the American soul. the question “Is Roth a misogynist?” was pooh-poohed memorably by Keith Gessen. “If you hated women, why would you spend all your time thinking about fucking them?” he asked. For many 21st-century Americans, it’s still not misogyny at all but the normal psychology of the male.

ellauri106.html on line 631: No one can accuse Roth of ever hiding who he was: American, Jewish, obsessed with sex, obsessed with death, funny, angry, wise, profane, imaginative, cruel. That is what cruel readers always liked about him.

ellauri106.html on line 661: Henry Aldrich (1647 – 14 December 1710) was an English theologian, philosopher, and composer. To him we owe the well-known catch, "Hark, the bonny Christ Church bells."

ellauri107.html on line 53: Pepun isä tuli kaupasta päivän tilin kaa, kaatoi kitaan Martinin kuin tärpätin ja asettui laiskanlinnaan kuuntelemaan Lyle Vania ja nyytisiä. I remember when I was little growing up in Queens, NY, Lyle would end his nightly broadcast with the words "Goodnight little redheads....Everyone".

ellauri107.html on line 61: I am Casey's father and son of Lyle Van and one of the three little redheads. Dirk, my brother was on Westwood One radio for many years doing news and information shows. I remember all of the WOR people you mentioned..on Christmas Eve our choir from Christs Church in Rye would sing on air every year. I miss my dad as all sons miss their dad when they are gone. He and my mother raised us in a safe and happy household and we were all better for it. We have great memories of our childhood.

ellauri107.html on line 63: Lyle, your sister Lyla Gay was in my 3rd grade class at Edgemont when you lived on Old Army Road - hope you’re all well!

ellauri107.html on line 65: Cool to see that my grandfather is still a star on the radio! He was such a good broadcaster, but was a better man!

ellauri107.html on line 68: No, my dad was one of the little redheads. Such a beautiful memory. Thanks for sharing.

ellauri107.html on line 84: "With clarity and with crudeness, and a great deal of exuberance, the embryonic writer who was me wrote these stories in his early 20s, while he was a graduate student at the University of Chicago, a soldier stationed in New Jersey and Washington, and a novice English instructor back at Chicago following his Army discharge...In the beginning it amazed him that any literate audience could seriously be interested in his story of tribal secrets, in what he knew, as a child of his neighborhood, about the rites and taboos of his clan—about their aversions, their aspirations, their fears of deviance and defection, their embarrassments and ideas of success."

ellauri107.html on line 86: The title “Goodbye, Columbus” is a quote from a song that was sung by the departing seniors in Columbus, Ohio. 

ellauri107.html on line 87: The novella was adapted into a film of the same name in 1969.

ellauri107.html on line 97: At the end of his stay, Neil attends Ron's wedding to Harriet, who was his college sweetheart from Ohio. Brenda returns to Radcliffe in the fall, keeping in touch by telephone. She invites Neil to come up to spend a weekend at a Boston hotel. However, once they are in the hotel room, Brenda tells Neil she just received letters telling her that her mother found her diaphragm and that her parents know about their affair. They argue, with Neil asking why she left it to be found unless she wanted it to happen. Siding with her parents, Brenda ends the affair as abruptly as she allowed it to commence. Neil walks out of the hotel, leaving her alone in the room. 

ellauri107.html on line 104: An American Dream is a 1965 novel by American author Norman Mailer. It was published by Dial Press. Mailer wrote it in serialized form for Esquire, consciously attempting to resurrect the methodology used by Charles Dickens and other earlier novelists, with Mailer writing each chapter against monthly deadlines. The book is written in a poetic style heavy with metaphor that creates unique and hypnotising narrative and dialogue. The novel's action takes place over 32 hours in the life of its protagonist Stephen Rojack. Rojack is a decorated war-hero, former congressman, talk-show host, and university professor. He is depicted as the metaphorical embodiment of the American Dream.

ellauri107.html on line 110: Rojack is still considerably different from me — he's more elegant, more witty, more heroic, his physical strength is considerable, and at the same time he's more corrupt than me. I wanted to create a man who was larger than myself yet somewhat less successful. That way, ideally, his psychic density, if I may use a private phrase, would be equal to mine — and so I could write from within his head with comfort.

ellauri107.html on line 119: Mailer commented in a later New York Post interview: "I wanted a man who was very much of my generation and generally of my type.

ellauri107.html on line 144: Wronging them, that is. Ehkä what was wrong Phillun kohdalla on että se olis ollut vain tai pääasiassa naistenmies. Ehkä se olikin salahinuri, uraniaani joka oikeasti kaipasi yhteiskunnan tukipilaria hanuriin. Oisko Herman tehnyt sille temput pienenä? Pepulla oli vanhuxena tälläinen 20v nuorempi homoihailija Benjamin Taylor:

ellauri107.html on line 146: I can’t be the first gay man to have been an older "straight" man’s mainstay. Philip had searched diligently for a beautiful young woman to see to him as Jane Eyre looked after old Mr. Rochester. What he got instead was me. The degree of attachment surprised us both. Were we lovers? Obviously not. Were we in love? Not exactly. But ours was a criminal conversation neither could have done without.

ellauri107.html on line 148: Twelve years ago I saw him through his last love. A young person less than half his age whose family strongly disapproved of the association and who evidently grew to disapprove of it herself. It was a trauma that might have plowed Philip under and that he told aslant in Exit Ghost, the novel dedicated to me (!). A couple of failed attempts at courtship followed, boring and painful for the women involved. Then he closed the door on heteroerotic life entirely. He’d learned how to be an elderly gentleman who behaves correctly. He joined the ranks of the impotent.

ellauri107.html on line 154: "Philosophical generalization is completely alien to me—some other writer’s work. I’m a philosophical illiterate." Yep, his philosophy was solipsistic semitism. He had no need to read about it, he wrote the books.

ellauri107.html on line 158: “Found it!” he announces. “Opened the book and skimmed for 10 minutes and there it was. Goes like this, and you’re ideally situated to hear it: ‘A man that is born falls into a dream like a man who falls into the sea. If he tries to climb out into the air as inexperienced people endeavor to do, he drowns. The way is to the destructive element submit yourself, and with the exertions of your hands and feet in the water make the deep, deep sea keep you up … In the destructive element immerse.’ This has been my credo, the lifeblood of my books. I knew it was from Lord Jim but didn’t know where. All I had to do was put myself in a trance and I found it: ‘In the destructive element immerse.’ It’s what I’ve said to myself in art and, woe is me, in life too. Submit to the deeps. Let them buoy you up.”

ellauri107.html on line 169: Nathaniel Hawthorne (July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) was an American novelist, dark romantic, and short story writer. His works often focus on history, morality, and religion.

ellauri107.html on line 171: He was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, to Nathaniel Hathorne and the former Elizabeth Clarke Manning. His ancestors include John Hathorne, the only judge from the Salem witch trials who never repented his involvement in the witch hunt. He entered Bowdoin College in 1821, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1824, and graduated in 1825. He published his first work in 1828, the novel Fanshawe; he later tried to suppress it, feeling that it was not equal to the standard of his later work.[2] He published several short stories in periodicals, which he collected in 1837 as Twice-Told Tales. The next year, he became engaged to Sophia Peabody. He worked at the Boston Custom House and joined Brook Farm, a transcendentalist community, before marrying Peabody in 1842. The couple moved to The Old Manse in Concord, Massachusetts, later moving to Salem, the Berkshires, then to The Wayside in Concord. The Scarlet Letter was published in 1850, followed by a succession of other novels. A political appointment as consul took Hawthorne and family to Europe before their return to Concord in 1860. Hawthorne died on May 19, 1864, and was survived by his wife and their three children.

ellauri107.html on line 179:     The zenith of [Hawthorne and Melville’s] relationship was reached . . . when Moby-Dick was published in middle November of 1851 and was dedicated to Hawthorne [“To Nathaniel Hawthorne: In token of my admiration for his genius”]. Hawthorne’s letter to Melville [at the time], like most of those to his friend, has not been preserved, but Melville’s answer on November 17 . . . speaks of the effect Hawthorne’s letter had upon him, in terms characteristic of his impassioned utterances:

ellauri107.html on line 183:     As [Arlin]Turner says in analyzing this letter, “[Melville] was aware, it can be assumed, of the inclusiveness and interwoven imagery of his letter, and no less aware of the meaning behind the imagery. The same awareness can be assumed on the part of Hawthorne”. Edwin Haviland Miller, who interprets Melville’s affection for Hawthorne as in part sexual, says that in this passage, “the most ardent and doubtlessly one of the most painful he was ever to write, he candidly and boldly laid bare his love”. Miller goes on to say that “when Hawthorne retreated from Lenox, he retreated from Melville. How Hawthorne felt his reticences keep us from knowing, but his friend wrestled with the problems and nature of the relationship almost until the end of his life”. Turner says only that “there is evidence through the remaining forty years of Melville’s life that he thought he had been rebuffed by Hawthorne, and that he felt a genuine regret for his loss.” 

ellauri107.html on line 200:     Coverdale describes Hollingsworth's "dark complexion, his abundant beard, and the rude strength with which his features seemed to have been hammered out of iron, rather than chiselled or moulded from any finer or softer material." He adds that in Hollingsworth's "gentler moods, there was a tenderness in his voice, eyes, mouth, in his gesture, and in every indescribable manifestation, which few men could resist, and no woman." 

ellauri107.html on line 204:     Coverdale notes that "there was something of the woman moulded into the great, stalwart frame of Hollingsworth; nor was he ashamed of it, as men often are of what is best in them, nor seemed ever to know that there was such a soft place in his heart. . . . I besought Hollingsworth to let nobody else enter the room, but continually to make me sensible of his own presence by a grasp of the hand, a word, -- a prayer, if he thought good to utter it . . . ." 

ellauri107.html on line 208:   Coverdale declares, "I loved Hollingsworth, as has already been enough expressed." He adds, "If . . .[Priscilla] thought him beautiful, it was no wonder. I often thought him so, with the expression of tender, human care, and gentlest sympathy . . . ." And in Hawthorne's most explicitly homoerotic allusion, Coverdale notes, "the footing, on which we all associated at Blithedale, was widely different from that of conventional society. While inclining us to the soft affections of the Golden Age, it seemed to authorize any individual, of either sex, to fall in love with any other, regardless of what would elsewhere be judged suitable and prudent."

ellauri107.html on line 212: Coverdale concludes the tale of Zenobia's hopeless love for Hollingsworth and enigmatically adds, "It suits me not to explain what was the analogy that I saw, or imagined, between Zenobia's situation and mine; nor, I believe, will the reader detect this one secret, hidden beneath many a revelation which perhaps concerned me less."

ellauri107.html on line 214: Actually, the reader would have to be remarkably obtuse not to recognize the sexual tension between Coverdale and Hollingsworth. If only we could know what Melville thought when he read it! Certainly, Melville was aware that Brook Farm in Roxbury, Massachusetts, which Blithedale represents, had enjoyed the company of Hawthorne as a communal society member for most of 1841. Perhaps he also knew that substantial portions of Coverdale’s first person narration are taken directly from Hawthorne’s Brook Farm journals, and he would certainly know better than we the extent to which the novel may also represent allusions to Hawthorne’s and his experiences together during the year before the publication of Blithedale.

ellauri107.html on line 218: The major occurrence in Melville’s life . . . during the writing of Moby-Dick was the growing friendship with Nathaniel Hawthorne . . . . We are reminded that throughout the fall and winter of 1850, and summer of 1851, Hawthorne and Melville were visiting and writing to each other. . Hawthorne encapsulating their conversation [of August 1, 1851] by writing in his journal: “Melville and I had a talk about time and eternity, things of this world and of the next, and books, and publishers, and all possible and impossible matters, that lasted pretty deep into the night . . . .”

ellauri107.html on line 244: Claggart’s repressed, closeted attraction to Billy finds parallels with some interpretations of Hawthorne’s evident spurning of Melville’s too intimate attentions and Hawthorne’s character in The Blithedale Romance Coverdale’s similar rejection of the invitation from Holingsworth to be his “friend of friends, forever.” For Melville, Hawthorne’s Arthur Dimmesdale’s agonizing acknowledgement of adultery must have seemed a stunning parallel with what later generations would term “coming out of the closet.” Whether Hawthorne himself were a closeted gay man, it is clear that Melville was relatively open in his affections for the senior author and that those affections were somehow turned away and seem to have left a wound that never fully healed. The evils of the closet constitute a subtext in Billy Budd that may well have brought to its author’s mind the sad sundering of his closeness with Nathaniel Hawthorne.

ellauri107.html on line 258: Joseph Welch, the Army's attorney in the hearings, made an apparent reference to Cohn's homosexuality. After asking a witness, at McCarthy's request, if a photo entered as evidence "came from a pixie", he defined "pixie" as "a close relative of a fairy". "Pixie" was a camera-model name at the time; "fairy" is a derogatory term for a homosexual man. The people at the hearing recognized the implication, and found it amusing; Cohn later called the remark "malicious," "wicked," and "indecent."

ellauri107.html on line 260: Speculation about Cohn's sexuality intensified following his death from AIDS in 1986. In a 2008 article published in The New Yorker, Jeffrey Toobin quotes Roger Stone: "Roy was not gay. He was a man who liked having sex with men. Gays were weak, effeminate. He always seemed to have these young blond boys around. It just wasn't discussed. He was interested in power and access." Stone worked with Cohn beginning with the Reagan campaign during the 1976 Republican Party presidential primaries.

ellauri107.html on line 262: Cohn always denied his homosexuality in public, however, in private he was open about his sexual orientation with a few select friends. He had several long-term boyfriends over the course of his life, including a man called Russell Eldridge who died from AIDS in 1984, and for the last two years of his life, Cohn was partnered to a man 30 years his junior called Peter Fraser. Fraser inherited Cohn's house in Manhattan after Cohn died from AIDS in 1986.

ellauri107.html on line 268: Taylor says that after Roth announced his retirement from writing in 2012, he stopped making art, but he still wrote, producing a manuscript of over a thousand pages whose purpose was to air grudge after grudge. Taylor comments that the underside of Roth's greatness swarmed with grievances time had not assuaged.

ellauri107.html on line 272:     Roth confesses, Oh, I wanted to be literary, wanted to be influencer. There were Flaubert and Henry James, Dreiser and Sherwood Anderson. But I discovered I was but a raucous talent.

ellauri107.html on line 274:     He was infamously resentful of being denied the Nobel Prize in literature: “He took to calling it the Anybody-But-Roth Prize,” Taylor reports. And past slights consumed him. Taylor notes that Roth couldn’t stop relitigating his first marriage, and that “despite her death she needed further – no, endless – pulverization.”

ellauri107.html on line 400:   Where does Roth pull it out of (the expression is apt)? Sabbath had decided to defy his own imminent demise by attempting to have as much sex as possible. As the book begins, Sabbath finds himself “six short years from seventy”, with “the game just about over”. What, 64? That is young! Phil was 62 in 1995. Is that when his pecker started to sag? 

ellauri107.html on line 408:     So why do we put up with him? (Sabbath? No I mean Roth.) Are we just drawn by the villainous? Who "we"? Speak for yourself motherfucker. Whose name was Jude Cook. Översatt på svenska: judekuk. Phil had good reason to be afraid of the judgment day. 

ellauri107.html on line 414: Babbitt (1922), by Sinclair Lewis, is a satirical novel about American culture and society that critiques the vacuity of middle class life and the social pressure toward conformity. The controversy provoked by Babbitt was influential in the decision to award the Nobel Prize in Literature to Lewis in 1930.

ellauri107.html on line 418: In Babbitt (1922), Sinclair Lewis created a living and breathing man with recognizable hopes and dreams, not a caricature. To his publisher, Lewis wrote: “He is all of us Americans at 46, prosperous, but worried, wanting — passionately — to seize something more than motor cars and a house before it's too late.” George F. Babbitt's mediocrity is central to his realism; Lewis believed that the fatal flaw of previous literary representations of the American businessman was in portraying him as “an exceptional man.”

ellauri107.html on line 420: The social critic and satirist Pete Mencken, ardent supporter of Sinclair Lewis, called himself “an old professor of Babbitry” and said that Babbitt was a stunning work of literary realism about American society.

ellauri107.html on line 422: George F. Babbitt was an archetype of the American city dwellers who touted the virtues of Republicanism, Presbyterianism, and absolute conformity because "it is not what he feels and aspires that moves him primarily; it is what the folks about him will think of him. His politics is communal politics, mob politics, herd politics; his religion is a public rite wholly without subjective significance." Mencken said that Babbitt was the literary embodiment of everything wrong with American society.

ellauri107.html on line 436: His name was George F. Babbitt. He was forty-six years old now, in April, 1920, and he made nothing in particular, neither butter nor shoes nor poetry, but he was nimble in the calling of selling houses for more than people could afford to pay.

ellauri107.html on line 438: Myra Babbitt—Mrs. George F. Babbitt—was definitely mature. She had creases from the corners of her mouth to the bottom of her chin, and her plump neck bagged. But the thing that marked her as having passed the line was that she no longer had reticences before her husband, and no longer worried about not having reticences. She was in a petticoat now, and corsets which bulged, and unaware of being seen in bulgy corsets. She had become so dully habituated to married life that in her full matronliness she was as sexless as an anemic nun. She was a good woman, a kind woman, a diligent woman, but no one, save perhaps Tinka her ten-year-old, was at all interested in her or entirely aware that she was alive.

ellauri107.html on line 439: “Now you look here! The first thing you got to understand is that all this uplift and flipflop and settlement-work and recreation is nothing in God's world but the entering wedge for socialism. The sooner a man learns he isn't going to be coddled, and he needn't expect a lot of free grub and, uh, all these free classes and flipflop and doodads for his kids unless he earns 'em, why, the sooner he'll get on the job and produce—produce—produce! That's what the country needs, and not all this fancy stuff that just enfeebles the will-power of the working man and gives his kids a lot of notions above their class. And you—if you'd tend to business instead of fooling and fussing—All the time! When I was a young man I made up my mind what I wanted to do, and stuck to it through thick and thin, and that's why I'm where I am to-day, and—Myra! What do you let the girl chop the toast up into these dinky little chunks for? Can't get your fist onto 'em. Half cold, anyway!”

ellauri107.html on line 444: 	In the comedy Andria (“The Girl of Andros”) by the Roman poet Terentius, Simo uses it to comment on the tears of his son Pamphilus at the funeral of a neighbor to his interlocutor Sosias. At first he was of the opinion that these were an expression of special sympathy and was pleased about it. But when he discovered that the deceased's pretty sister was also a member of the funeral procession, he realized that his son's emotion was only faked to get closer to him: hinc illae lacrumae, haec illast misericordia. ("Hence his tears, that is the reason for his pity!").

ellauri107.html on line 452: “And it says here a fellow was inaugurated mayor in overalls—a preacher, too! What do you think of that!”

ellauri107.html on line 466: He serenely believed that the one purpose of the real-estate business was to make money for George F. Babbitt. True, it was a good advertisement at Boosters' Club lunches, and all the varieties of Annual Banquets to which Good Fellows were invited, to speak sonorously of Unselfish Public Service, the Broker's Obligation to Keep Inviolate the Trust of His Clients, and a thing called Ethics, whose nature was confusing but if you had it you were a High-class Realtor and if you hadn't you were a shyster, a piker, and a fly-by-night. These virtues awakened Confidence, and enabled you to handle Bigger Propositions. But they didn't imply that you were to be impractical and refuse to take twice the value of a house if a buyer was such an idiot that he didn't jew you down on the asking-price.

ellauri107.html on line 469: He had, with indignation at the criticism of Zenith, skimmed through a report in which the notorious pessimist Seneca Doane, the radical lawyer, asserted that to throw boys and young girls into a bull-pen crammed with men suffering from syphilis, delirium tremens, and insanity was not the perfect way of educating them. He had controverted the report by growling, “Folks that think a jail ought to be a bloomin' Hotel Thornleigh make me sick. If people don't like a jail, let 'em behave 'emselves and keep out of it. Besides, these reform cranks always exaggerate.” That was the beginning and quite completely the end of his investigations into Zenith's charities and corrections; and as to the “vice districts” he brightly expressed it, “Those are things that no decent man monkeys with. Besides, smatter fact, I'll tell you confidentially: it's a protection to our daughters and to decent women to have a district where tough nuts can raise cain. Keeps 'em away from our own homes.”

ellauri107.html on line 473:     But Babbitt was virtuous. He advocated, though he did not practise, the prohibition of alcohol; he praised, though he did not obey, the laws against motor-speeding; he paid his debts; he contributed to the church, the Red Cross, and the Y. M. C. A.; he followed the custom of his clan and cheated only as it was sanctified by precedent; and he never descended to trickery—though, as he explained to Paul Riesling:

ellauri107.html on line 474: “Course I don't mean to say that every ad I write is literally true or that I always believe everything I say when I give some buyer a good strong selling-spiel. You see—you see it's like this: In the first place, maybe the owner of the property exaggerated when he put it into my hands, and it certainly isn't my place to go proving my principal a liar! And then most folks are so darn crooked themselves that they expect a fellow to do a little lying, so if I was fool enough to never whoop the ante I'd get the credit for lying anyway! In self-defense I got to toot my own horn, like a lawyer defending a client—his bounden duty, ain't it, to bring out the poor dub's good points? Why, the Judge himself would bawl out a lawyer that didn't, even if they both knew the guy was guilty! But even so, I don't pad out the truth like Cecil Rountree or Thayer or the rest of these realtors. Fact, I think a fellow that's willing to deliberately up and profit by lying ought to be shot!”

ellauri107.html on line 478: Jovially they whooped back—Vergil Gunch, the coal-dealer, Sidney Finkelstein, the ladies'-ready-to-wear buyer for Parcher & Stein's department-store, and Professor Joseph K. Pumphrey, owner of the Riteway Business College and instructor in Public Speaking, Business English, Scenario Writing, and Commercial Law. Though Babbitt admired this savant, and appreciated Sidney Finkelstein as “a mighty smart buyer and a good liberal spender,” it was to Vergil Gunch that he turned with enthusiasm. Mr. Gunch was president of the Boosters' Club, a weekly lunch-club, local chapter of a national organization which promoted sound business and friendliness among Regular Fellows. He was also no less an official than Esteemed Leading Knight in the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and it was rumored that at the next election he would be a candidate for Exalted Ruler. He was a jolly man, given to oratory and to chumminess with the arts. 

ellauri107.html on line 483: “Yep, finally decided I'd buy me one. Got the best on the market, the clerk said it was. Paid five bucks for it. Just wondering if I got stuck. What do they charge for 'em at the store, Sid?”

ellauri107.html on line 484: Finkelstein asserted that five dollars was not too great a sum, not for a really high-class lighter which was suitably nickeled and provided with connections of the very best quality. “I always say—and believe me, I base it on a pretty fairly extensive mercantile experience—the best is the cheapest in the long run. Of course if a fellow wants to be a Jew about it, he can get cheap junk, but in the long RUN, the cheapest thing is—the best you can get! Now you take here just th' other day: I got a new top for my old boat and some upholstery, and I paid out a hundred and twenty-six fifty, and of course a lot of fellows would say that was too much—Lord, if the Old Folks—they live in one of these hick towns up-state and they simply can't get onto the way a city fellow's mind works, and then, of course, they're Jews, and they'd lie right down and die if they knew Sid had anted up a hundred and twenty-six bones. But I don't figure I was stuck, George, not a bit. Machine looks brand new now—not that it's so darned old, of course; had it less 'n three years, but I give it hard service; never drive less 'n a hundred miles on Sunday and, uh—Oh, I don't really think you got stuck, George. In the LONG run, the best is, you might say, it's unquestionably the cheapest.”

ellauri107.html on line 487: They grinned and went into the Neronian washroom, where a line of men bent over the bowls inset along a prodigious slab of marble as in religious prostration before their own images in the massy mirror. Voices thick, satisfied, authoritative, hurtled along the marble walls, bounded from the ceiling of lavender-bordered milky tiles, while the lords of the city, the barons of insurance and law and fertilizers and motor tires, laid down the law for Zenith; announced that the day was warm-indeed, indisputably of spring; that wages were too high and the interest on mortgages too low; that Babe Ruth, the eminent player of baseball, was a noble man; and that “those two nuts at the Climax Vaudeville Theater this week certainly are a slick pair of actors.” 

ellauri107.html on line 492:  one-third are miserable and know it. They hate the whole peppy, boosting, go-ahead game, and they're bored by their wives and think their families are fools—at least when they come to forty or forty-five they're bored—and they hate business, and they'd go—Why do you suppose there's so many 'mysterious' suicides? Why do you suppose so many Substantial Citizens jumped right into the war? Think it was all patriotism?”

ellauri107.html on line 493: Babbitt snorted, “What do you expect? Think we were sent into the world to have a soft time and—what is it?—'float on flowery beds of ease'? Think Man was just made to be happy?”

ellauri107.html on line 494: “Why not? Though I've never discovered anybody that knew what the deuce Man really was made for!”

ellauri107.html on line 501:     “Look here, Stan; let's get this clear. You've got an idea somehow that it's you that do all the selling. Where d' you get that stuff? Where d' you think you'd be if it wasn't for our capital behind you, and our lists of properties, and all the prospects we find for you? All you got to do is follow up our tips and close the deal. The hall-porter could sell Babbitt-Thompson listings! You say you're engaged to a girl, but have to put in your evenings chasing after buyers. Well, why the devil shouldn't you? What do you want to do? Sit around holding her hand? Let me tell you, Stan, if your girl is worth her salt, she'll be glad to know you're out hustling, making some money to furnish the home-nest, instead of doing the lovey-dovey. The kind of fellow that kicks about working overtime, that wants to spend his evenings reading trashy novels or spooning and exchanging a lot of nonsense and foolishness with some girl, he ain't the kind of upstanding, energetic young man, with a future—and with Vision!—that we want here. How about it? What's your Ideal, anyway? Do you want to make money and be a responsible member of the community, or do you want to be a loafer, with no Inspiration or Pep?”

ellauri107.html on line 504: Whenever Thompson twanged, “Put your John Hancock on that line,” Babbitt was as much amused by the antiquated provincialism as any proper Englishman by any American. He knew himself to be of a breeding altogether more esthetic and sensitive than Thompson's. He was a college graduate, he played golf, he often smoked cigarettes instead of cigars, and when he went to Chicago he took a room with a private bath. “The whole thing is,” he explained to Paul Riesling, “these old codgers lack the subtlety that you got to have to-day.”

ellauri107.html on line 505: This advance in civilization could be carried too far, Babbitt perceived. Noel Ryland, sales-manager of the Zeeco, was a frivolous graduate of Princeton, while Babbitt was a sound and standard ware from that great department-store, the State University. Ryland wore spats, he wrote long letters about City Planning and Community Singing, and, though he was a Booster, he was known to carry in his pocket small volumes of poetry in a foreign language. All this was going too far. Henry Thompson was the extreme of insularity, and Noel Ryland the extreme of frogginess, while between them, supporting the state, defending the evangelical churches and domestic brightness and sound business, were Babbitt and his friends.

ellauri107.html on line 512: Mrs. Babbitt, darning socks, speculated, “Yes, I wonder why. Of course I don't want to fly in the face of the professors and everybody, but I do think there's things in Shakespeare—not that I read him much, but when I was young the girls used to show me passages that weren't, really, they weren't at all nice.”

ellauri107.html on line 513: Babbitt looked up irritably from the comic strips in the Evening Advocate. They composed his favorite literature and art, these illustrated chronicles in which Mr. Mutt hit Mr. Jeff with a rotten egg, and Mother corrected Father's vulgarisms by means of a rolling-pin. With the solemn face of a devotee, breathing heavily through his open mouth, he plodded nightly through every picture, and during the rite he detested interruptions. Furthermore, he felt that on the subject of Shakespeare he wasn't really an authority. Neither the Advocate-Times, the Evening Advocate, nor the Bulletin of the Zenith Chamber of Commerce had ever had an editorial on the matter, and until one of them had spoken he found it hard to form an original opinion. But even at risk of floundering in strange bogs, he could not keep out of an open controversy.

ellauri107.html on line 515: “Oh punk. I don't see what's the use of law-school—or even finishing high school. I don't want to go to college 'specially. Honest, there's lot of fellows that have graduated from colleges that don't begin to make as much money as fellows that went to work early. Old Shimmy Peters, that teaches Latin in the High, he's a what-is-it from Columbia and he sits up all night reading a lot of greasy books and he's always spieling about the 'value of languages,' and the poor soak doesn't make but eighteen hundred a year, and no traveling salesman would think of working for that. I know what I'd like to do. I'd like to be an aviator, or own a corking big garage, or else—a fellow was telling me about it yesterday—I'd like to be one of these fellows that the Standard Oil

ellauri107.html on line 518: He snatched from the back of his geometry half a hundred advertisements of those home-study courses which the energy and foresight of American commerce have contributed to the science of education. The first displayed the portrait of a young man with a pure brow, an iron jaw, silk socks, and hair like patent leather. Standing with one hand in his trousers-pocket and the other extended with chiding forefinger, he was bewitching an audience of men with gray beards, paunches, bald heads, and every other sign of wisdom and prosperity. Above the picture was an inspiring educational symbol—no antiquated lamp or torch or owl of Minerva, but a row of dollar signs. The text ran:

ellauri107.html on line 554: With the threat of serious illness hanging over her, Milly decides to travel to Venice with Mrs. Stringham. Aunt Maud, Kate and Densher follow her. At a party Milly gives in her Venice palazzo (the older Palazzo Barbaro, called "Palazzo Leporelli" in the novel), Kate finally reveals her complete plan to Densher: he is to marry Milly so that, after her presumably soon-to-occur death, he will inherit the money they can marry on. Densher had suspected this was Kate's idea, and he demands that she consummate their affair before he will go along with her plan.

ellauri108.html on line 69: Yahweh was the national god of the kingdoms of Israel (Samaria) and Judah. The short form Jah/Yah, which appears in Exodus 15:2 and 17:16, Psalm 89:9, Song of Songs 8:6, is preserved also in theophoric names such as Elijah ("my god is Jah"), Malchijah ("my king is Jah"), and Adonijah ("my lord is Jah"), etc. as well as in the phrase Hallelujah. The name Joel is derived from combining the word Jah with the word El.

ellauri108.html on line 75: With the rise of the Reformation, reconstructions of the Tetragrammaton became popular. The Tyndale Bible was the first English translation to use the anglicized reconstruction. The modern letter "J" settled on its current English pronunciation only around 500 years ago; in Ancient Hebrew, the first consonant of the Tetragrammaton always represents a "Y" sound.

ellauri108.html on line 94: Jesus is an important figure in Rastafari. However, practitioners reject the traditional Christian view of Jesus, particularly the depiction of him as a white European, believing that this is a perversion of the truth. They believe that Jesus was a black African, and that the white Jesus was a false god. Many Rastas regard Christianity as the creation of the white man; they treat it with suspicion out of the view that the oppressors (white Europeans) and the oppressed (black Africans) cannot share the same God. Many Rastas take the view that the God worshipped by most white Christians is actually the Devil, and a recurring claim among Rastas is that the Pope is Satan or the Antichrist. Rastas therefore often view Christian preachers as deceivers and regard Christianity as being guilty of furthering the oppression of the African diaspora, frequently referring to it as having perpetrated "mental enslavement".

ellauri108.html on line 98: From its origins, Rastafari was intrinsically linked with Haile Selassie, the Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He remains the central figure in Rastafari ideology, and although all Rastas hold him in esteem, precise interpretations of his identity differ. Understandings of how Haile Selassie relates to Jesus vary among Rastas. Many, although not all, believe that the Ethiopian monarch was the Second Coming of Jesus, legitimising this by reference to their interpretation of the nineteenth chapter of the Book of Revelation. By viewing Haile Selassie as Jesus, these Rastas also regard him as the messiah prophesied in the Old Testament, the manifestation of God in human form, and "the living God". Some perceive him as part of a Trinity, alongside God as Creator and the Holy Spirit, the latter referred to as "the Breath within the temple". Rastas who view Haile Selassie as Jesus argue that both were descendants from the royal line of the Biblical king David, while Rastas also emphasise the fact that the Makonnen dynasty, of which Haile Selassie was a member, claimed descent from the Biblical figures Solomon and the Queen of Sheba.

ellauri108.html on line 100: Other Rastas see Selassie as embodying Jesus' teachings and essence but reject the idea that he was the literal reincarnation of Jesus. Members of the Twelve Tribes of Israel denomination, for instance, reject the idea that Selassie was the Second Coming, arguing that this event has yet to occur. From this perspective, Selassie is perceived as a messenger or emissary of God rather than a manifestation of God himself. Rastas holding to this view sometimes regard the deification of Haile Selassie as naïve or ignorant, in some cases thinking it as dangerous to worship a human being as God. There are various Rastas who went from believing that Haile Selassie was both God incarnate and the Second Coming of Jesus to seeing him as something distinct.

ellauri108.html on line 102: On being crowned, Haile Selassie was given the title of "King of Kings and Lord of Lords, Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah". Rastas use this title for Haile Selassie alongside others, such as "Almighty God", "Judge and Avenger", "King Alpha and Queen Omega", "Returned Messiah", "Elect of God", and "Elect of Himself". Rastas also view Haile Selassie as a symbol of their positive affirmation of Africa as a source of spiritual and cultural heritage.

ellauri108.html on line 104: While he was emperor, many Jamaican Rastas professed the belief that Haile Selassie would never die. The 1974 overthrow of Haile Selassie by the military Derg and his subsequent death in 1975 resulted in a crisis of faith for many practitioners. Some left the movement altogether. Others remained, and developed new strategies for dealing with the news. Some Rastas believed that Selassie did not really die and that claims to the contrary were Western misinformation. To bolster their argument, they pointed to the fact that no corpse had been produced; in reality, Haile Selassie's body had been buried beneath his palace, remaining undiscovered there until 1992. Another perspective within Rastafari acknowledged that Haile Selassie's body had perished, but claimed that his inner essence survived as a spiritual force. A third response within the Rastafari community was that Selassie's death was inconsequential as he had only been a "personification" of Jah rather than Jah himself.

ellauri108.html on line 106: During his life, Selassie described himself as a devout Christian. In a 1967 interview, Selassie was asked about the Rasta belief that he was the Second Coming of Jesus, to which he responded: "I have heard of this idea. I also met certain Rastafarians. I told them clearly that I am a man, that I am mortal, and that I will be replaced by the oncoming generation, and that they should never make a mistake in assuming or pretending that a human being is emanated from a deity." His grandson Ermias Sahle Selassie has said that there is "no doubt that Haile Selassie did not encourage the Rastafari movement". Critics of Rastafari have used this as evidence that Rasta theological beliefs are incorrect, although some Rastas take Selassie's denials as evidence that he was indeed the incarnation of God, based on their reading of the Gospel of Luke.

ellauri108.html on line 112: There is no uniform Rasta view on race. Black supremacy was a theme early in the movement, with the belief in the existence of a distinctly black African race that is superior to other racial groups. While some still hold this belief, non-black Rastas are now widely accepted in the movement.  Rastafari's history has opened the religion to accusations of racism.  Cashmore noted that there was an "implicit potential" for racism in Rasta beliefs but he also noted that racism was not "intrinsic" to the religion. Some Rastas have acknowledged that there is racism in the movement, primarily against Europeans and Asians. Some Rasta sects reject the notion that a white European can ever be a legitimate Rasta. Other Rasta sects believe that an "African" identity is not inherently linked to black skin but rather is about whether an individual displays an African "attitude" or "spirit".

ellauri108.html on line 115: Rastafari teaches that the black African diaspora are exiles living in "Babylon", a term which it applies to Western society. For Rastas, European colonialism and global capitalism are regarded as manifestations of Babylon, while police and soldiers are viewed as its agents. The term "Babylon" is adopted because of its Biblical associations. In the Old Testament, Babylon is the Mesopotamian city where the Israelites were held captive, exiled from their homeland, between 597 and 586 BCE; Rastas compare the exile of the Israelites in Mesopotamia to the exile of the African diaspora outside Africa. In the New Testament, "Babylon" is used as a euphemism for the Roman Empire, which was regarded as acting in a destructive manner that was akin to the way in which the ancient Babylonians acted. Rastas perceive the exile of the black African diaspora in Babylon as an experience of great suffering, with the term "suffering" having a significant place in Rasta discourse.

ellauri108.html on line 117: Rastas view Babylon as being responsible for both the Atlantic slave trade which removed enslaved Africans from their continent and the ongoing poverty which plagues the African diaspora. Rastas turn to Biblical scripture to explain the Atlantic slave trade, believing that the enslavement, exile, and exploitation of black Africans was punishment for failing to live up to their status as Jah's chosen people. Many Rastas, adopting a Pan-Africanist ethos, have criticised the division of Africa into nation-states, regarding this as a Babylonian development, and are often hostile to capitalist resource extraction from the continent. Rastas seek to delegitimise and destroy Babylon, something often conveyed in the Rasta aphorism "Chant down Babylon". Rastas often expect the white-dominated society to dismiss their beliefs as false, and when this happens they see it as confirmation of the correctness of their faith.

ellauri108.html on line 125: Rastafari is a millenarian movement, espousing the idea that the present age will come to an apocalyptic end. Many practitioners believe that on this Day of Judgement, Babylon will be overthrown, with Rastas being the chosen few who survive the upheaval. With Babylon destroyed, Rastas believe that humanity will be ushered into a "new age". This is conceived as being a millennium of peace, justice, and happiness in which the righteous shall live in Africa, now a paradise. In the 1980s, many Rastas believed that the Day of Judgment would happen around the year 2000. A view then common in the Rasta community was that the world's white people would wipe themselves out through nuclear war, with black Africans then ruling the world, something that they argued was prophesied in the Book of Daniel.

ellauri108.html on line 133: Some Rastas have promoted activism as a means of achieving socio-political reform, while others believe in awaiting change that will be brought about through divine intervention in human affairs. In Jamaica, Rastas typically do not vote, derogatorily dismissing politics as "politricks", and rarely involve themselves in political parties or unions. The Rasta tendency to believe that socio-political change is inevitable opens the religion up to the criticism from the political left that it encourages adherents to do little or nothing to alter the status quo. Other Rastas do engage in political activism; the Ghanaian Rasta singer-songwriter Rocky Dawuni for instance was involved in campaigns promoting democratic elections, while in Grenada, many Rastas joined the People's Revolutionary Government formed in 1979.

ellauri108.html on line 137: Rasta women usually wear clothing that covers their head and hides their body contours. Trousers are usually avoided, in favour of long skirts. Women are expected to cover their head while praying, and in some Rasta groups this is expected of them whenever in public. Rasta discourse insists this female dress code is necessary to prevent women attracting men and presents it as an antidote to the sexual objectification of women in Babylon. Rasta men are permitted to wear whatever they choose. Although men and women took part alongside each other in early Rasta rituals, from the late 1940s and 1950s the Rasta community increasingly encouraged gender segregation for ceremonies. This was legitimised with the explanation that women were impure through menstruation and that their presence at the ceremonies would distract male participants.

ellauri108.html on line 160: There are various options that might explain how cannabis smoking came to be part of Rastafari. By the 8th century, Arab traders had introduced cannabis to Central and Southern Africa. In the 19th century, enslaved Bakongo people arrived in Jamaica, where they established the religion of Kumina. In Kumina, cannabis was smoked during religious ceremonies in the belief that it facilitated possession by ancestral spirits. The religion was largely practiced in south-east Jamaica's Saint Thomas Parish, where a prominent early Rasta, Leonard Howell, lived while he was developing many of Rastafari's beliefs and practices; it may have been through Kumina that cannabis became part of Rastafari. A second possible source was the use of cannabis in Hindu rituals. Hindu migrants arrived in Jamaica as indentured servants from British India between 1834 and 1917, and brought cannabis with them. A Jamaican Hindu priest, Laloo, was one of Howell's spiritual advisors, and may have influenced his adoption of ganja. The adoption of cannabis may also have been influenced by the widespread medicinal and recreational use of cannabis among Afro-Jamaicans in the early 20th century. Early Rastafarians may have taken an element of Jamaican culture which they associated with their peasant past and the rejection of capitalism and sanctified it by according it Biblical correlates.

ellauri108.html on line 168: As Rastafari developed, popular music became its chief communicative medium. During the 1960s, ska was a popular musical style in Jamaica, and although its protests against social and political conditions were mild, it gave early expression to Rasta socio-political ideology. Particularly prominent in the connection between Rastafari and ska were the musicians Count Ossie and Don Drummond. Ossie was a drummer who believed that black people needed to develop their own style of music; he was heavily influenced by Burru, an Afro-Jamaican drumming style. Ossie subsequently popularised this new Rastafari ritual music by playing at various groundings and groundations around Jamaica, with songs like "Another Moses" and "Babylon Gone" reflecting Rasta influence. Rasta themes also appeared in Drummond's work, with songs such as "Reincarnation" and "Tribute to Marcus Garvey".

ellauri108.html on line 170: 1968 saw the development of reggae in Jamaica, a musical style typified by slower, heavier rhythms than ska and the increased use of Jamaican Patois. Like calypso, reggae was a medium for social commentary, although it demonstrated a wider use of radical political and Rasta themes than were previously present in Jamaican popular music. Reggae artists incorporated Rasta ritual rhythms, and also adopted Rasta chants, language, motifs, and social critiques. Songs like The Wailers' "African Herbsman" and Peter Tosh's "Legalize It" referenced cannabis use, while tracks like The Melodians' "Rivers of Babylon" and Junior Byles' "Beat Down Babylon" referenced Rasta beliefs in Babylon. Reggae gained widespread international popularity during the mid-1970s, coming to be viewed by black people in many different countries as music of the oppressed. Many Rastas grew critical of reggae, believing that it had commercialised their religion. Although reggae contains much Rastafari symbolism, and the two are widely associated, the connection is often exaggerated by non-Rastas. Most Rastas do not listen to reggae music, and reggae has also been utilised by other religious groups, such as Protestant Evangelicals. Out of reggae came dub music; dub artists often employ Rastafari terminology, even when not Rastas themselves.

ellauri108.html on line 177: Rastas often make use of the colours red, black, green, and gold. Red, gold, and green were used in the Ethiopian flag, while, prior to the development of Rastafari, the Jamaican black nationalist activist Marcus Garvey had used red, green, and black as the colours for the Pan-African flag representing his United Negro Improvement Association. According to Garvey, the red symbolised the blood of martyrs, the black symbolised the skin of Africans, and the green represented the vegetation of the land, an interpretation endorsed by some Rastas. The colour gold is often included alongside Garvey's three colours; it has been adopted from the Jamaican flag, and is often interpreted as symbolising the minerals and raw materials which constitute Africa's wealth. Rastas often paint these colours onto their buildings, vehicles, kiosks, and other items, or display them on their clothing, helping to distinguish Rastas from non-Rastas and allowing adherents to recognise their co-religionists. As well as being used by Rastas, the colour set has also been adopted by Pan-Africanists more broadly, who use it to display their identification with Afrocentricity; for this reason it was adopted on the flags of many post-independence African states. Rastas often accompany the use of these three or four colours with the image of the Lion of Judah, also adopted from the Ethiopian flag and symbolizing Haile Selassie.

ellauri108.html on line 191: From the beginning of the Rastafari movement in the 1930s, adherents typically grew beards and tall hair, perhaps in imitation of Haile Selassie. The wearing of hair as dreadlocks then emerged as a Rasta practice in the 1940s; there were debates within the movement as to whether dreadlocks should be worn or not, with proponents of the style becoming dominant. There are various claims as to how this practice was adopted. One claim is that it was adopted in imitation of certain African nations, such as the Maasai, Somalis, or Oromo, or that it was inspired by the hairstyles worn by some of those involved in the anti-colonialist Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya. An alternative explanation is that it was inspired by the hairstyles of the Hindu sadhus.

ellauri108.html on line 197: Rastafari owed much to intellectual frameworks arising in the 19th and early 20th centuries. One key influence on Rastafari was Christian Revivalism, with the Great Revival of 1860–61 drawing many Afro-Jamaicans to join churches. Increasing numbers of Pentecostal missionaries from the United States arrived in Jamaica during the early 20th century, climaxing in the 1920s.

ellauri108.html on line 199: Further contributing significantly to Rastafari's development were Ethiopianism and the Back to Africa ethos, both traditions with 18th-century roots. In the 19th century, there were growing calls for the African diaspora located in Western Europe and the Americas to be resettled in Africa, with some of this diaspora establishing colonies in Sierra Leone and Liberia. Based in Liberia, the black Christian preacher Edward Wilmot Blyden began promoting African pride and the preservation of African tradition, customs, and institutions. Also spreading throughout Africa was Ethiopianism, a movement that accorded special status to the east African nation of Ethiopia because it was mentioned in various Biblical passages. For adherents of Ethiopianism, "Ethiopia" was regarded as a synonym of Africa as a whole.

ellauri108.html on line 201: Marcus Garvey, a prominent black nationalist theorist who heavily influenced Rastafari and is regarded as a prophet by many Rastas. The Jamaican activist Marcus Garvey, spent much of his adult life in the US and Britain. Garvey supported the idea of global racial separatism and called for part of the African diaspora to relocate to Africa. His ideas faced opposition from civil rights activists like W. E. B. Du Bois who supported racial integration, and as a mass movement, Garveyism declined in the Great Depression of the 1930s. A rumour later spread that in 1916, Garvey had called on his supporters to "look to Africa" for the crowning of a black king; this quote was never verified. However, in August 1930, Garvey's play, Coronation of an African King, was performed in Kingston. Its plot revolved around the crowning of the fictional Prince Cudjoe of Sudan, although it anticipated the crowning of Haile Selassie later that year. Rastas hold Garvey in great esteem, with many regarding him as a prophet. Garvey knew of Rastafari, but took a largely negative view of the religion; he also became a critic of Haile Selassie, calling him "a great coward" who rules a "country where black men are chained and flogged".

ellauri108.html on line 203: Haile Selassie was crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in 1930. A number of Jamaica's Christian clergymen claimed that Selassie's coronation was evidence that he was the black messiah that they believed was prophesied in the Book of Revelation, the Book of Daniel, and Psalms. Over the following years, several street preachers—most notably Leonard Howell, Archibald Dunkley, Robert Hinds, and Joseph Hibbert—began claiming that Haile Selassie was the returned Jesus. They first did so in Kingston, and soon the message spread throughout 1930s Jamaica, especially among poor communities who were hit particularly hard by the Great Depression. Clarke stated that "to all intents and purposes this was the beginning" of the Rastafari movement. 

ellauri108.html on line 205: Howell has been described as the "leading figure" in the early Rastafari movement. He preached that black Africans were superior to white Europeans and that Afro-Jamaicans should owe their allegiance to Haile Selassie rather than to George V, King of Great Britain and Ireland. The island's British authorities arrested him and charged him with sedition in 1934, resulting in his two-year imprisonment. Following his release, Howell established the Ethiopian Salvation Society and in 1939 established a Rasta community, known as Pinnacle, in Saint Catherine Parish. Police feared that Howell was training his followers for an armed rebellion and were angered that it was producing cannabis for sale. They raided the community on several occasions and Howell was imprisoned for a further two years. Upon his release he returned to Pinnacle, but the police continued with their raids and shut down the community in 1954; Howell himself was committed to a mental hospital.

ellauri108.html on line 214: Rastafari's main appeal was among the lower classes of Jamaican society. For its first thirty years, Rastafari was in a conflictual relationship with the Jamaican authorities. Jamaica's Rastas expressed contempt for many aspects of the island's society, viewing the government, police, bureaucracy, professional classes, and established churches as instruments of Babylon. Relations between practitioners and the police were strained, with Rastas often being arrested for cannabis possession. During the 1950s the movement grew rapidly in Jamaica itself and also spread to other Caribbean islands, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

ellauri108.html on line 216: In the 1940s and 1950s, a more militant brand of Rastafari emerged. The vanguard of this was the House of Youth Black Faith, a group whose members were largely based in West Kingston. Backlash against the Rastas grew after a practitioner of the religion allegedly killed a woman in 1957. In March 1958, the first Rastafarian Universal Convention was held in the settlement of Back-o-Wall, Kingston. Following the event, militant Rastas unsuccessfully tried to capture the city in the name of Haile Selassie. Later that year they tried again in Spanish Town. The increasing militancy of some Rastas resulted in growing alarm about the religion in Jamaica. According to Cashmore, the Rastas became "folk devils" in Jamaican society. In 1959, the self-declared prophet and founder of the African Reform Church, Claudius Henry, sold thousands of tickets to Afro-Jamaicans, including many Rastas, for passage on a ship that he claimed would take them to Africa. The ship never arrived and Henry was charged with fraud. In 1960 he was sentenced to six years imprisonment for conspiring to overthrow the government. Henry's son was accused of being part of a paramilitary cell and executed, confirming public fears about Rasta violence. One of the most prominent clashes between Rastas and law enforcement was the Coral Gardens incident of 1963, in which an initial skirmish between police and Rastas resulted in several deaths and led to a larger roundup of practitioners. Clamping down on the Rasta movement, in 1964 the island's government implemented tougher laws surrounding cannabis use.

ellauri108.html on line 218: At the invitation of Jamaica's government, Haile Selassie visited the island for the first time on 21 April 1966, with thousands of Rastas assembled in the crowd waiting to meet him at the airport. The event was the high point of their discipleship for many of the religion's members. Over the course of the 1960s, Jamaica's Rasta community underwent a process of routinisation, with the late 1960s witnessing the launch of the first official Rastafarian newspaper, the Rastafarian Movement Association's Rasta Voice. The decade also saw Rastafari develop in increasingly complex ways, as it did when some Rastas began to reinterpret the idea that salvation required a physical return to Africa, instead interpreting salvation as coming through a process of mental decolonisation that embraced African approaches to life.

ellauri108.html on line 220: Whereas its membership had previously derived predominantly from poorer sectors of society, in the 1960s Rastafari began attracting support from more privileged groups like students and professional musicians. The foremost group emphasising this approach was the Twelve Tribes of Israel, whose members came to be known as "Uptown Rastas". Among those attracted to Rastafari in this decade were middle-class intellectuals like Leahcim Semaj, who called for the religious community to place greater emphasis on scholarly social theory as a method of achieving change. Although some Jamaican Rastas were critical of him, many came under the influence of the Guyanese black nationalist academic Walter Rodney, who lectured to their community in 1968 before publishing his thoughts as the pamphlet Groundings. Like Rodney, many Jamaican Rastas were influenced by the U.S.-based Black Power movement. After Black Power declined following the deaths of prominent exponents such as Malcolm X, Michael X, and George Jackson, Rastafari filled the vacuum it left for many black youth.

ellauri108.html on line 222: In the mid-1970s, reggae's international popularity exploded. The most successful reggae artist was Bob Marley, who—according to Cashmore—"more than any other individual, was responsible for introducing Rastafarian themes, concepts and demands to a truly universal audience". Reggae's popularity led to a growth in "pseudo-Rastafarians", individuals who listened to reggae and wore Rasta clothing but did not share its belief system. Many Rastas were angered by this, believing it commercialised their religion.

ellauri108.html on line 227: Through reggae, Rasta musicians became increasingly important in Jamaica's political life during the 1970s. To bolster his popularity with the electorate, Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley employed Rasta imagery and courted and obtained support from Marley and other reggae musicians. Manley described Rastas as a "beautiful and remarkable people" and carried a cane, the "rod of correction", which he claimed was a gift from Haile Selassie. Following Manley's example, Jamaican political parties increasingly employed Rasta language, symbols, and reggae references in their campaigns, while Rasta symbols became increasingly mainstream in Jamaican society. This helped to confer greater legitimacy on Rastafari, with reggae and Rasta imagery being increasingly presented as a core part of Jamaica's cultural heritage for the growing tourist industry. In the 1980s, a Rasta, Barbara Makeda Blake Hannah, became a senator in the Jamaican Parliament.

ellauri108.html on line 229: Enthusiasm for Rastafari was dampened by the unexpected death of Haile Selassie in 1975 and that of Marley in 1981. During the 1980s, the number of Rastas in Jamaica declined, with Pentecostal and other Charismatic Christian groups proving more successful at attracting young recruits. Several publicly prominent Rastas converted to Christianity, and two of those who did so—Judy Mowatt and Tommy Cowan—maintained that Marley had converted from Rastafari to Christianity, in the form of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, during his final days. The significance of Rastafari messages in reggae also declined with the growing popularity of dancehall, a Jamaican musical genre that typically foregrounded lyrical themes of hyper-masculinity, violence, and sexual activity rather than religious symbolism.

ellauri108.html on line 231: The mid-1990s saw a revival of Rastafari-focused reggae associated with musicians like Anthony B, Buju Banton, Luciano, Sizzla, and Capleton. From the 1990s, Jamaica also witnessed the growth of organised political activity within the Rasta community, seen for instance through campaigns for the legalisation of cannabis and the creation of political parties like the Jamaican Alliance Movement and the Imperial Ethiopian World Federation Incorporated Political Party, none of which attained more than minimal electoral support. In 1995, the Rastafari Centralization Organization was established in Jamaica as an attempt to organise the Rastafari community.

ellauri108.html on line 237: Probably the largest Rastafari group, the House of Nyabinghi is an aggregate of more traditional and militant Rastas who seek to retain the movement close to the way in which it existed during the 1940s. They stress the idea that Haile Selassie was Jah and the reincarnation of Jesus. The wearing of dreadlocks is regarded as indispensable and patriarchal gender roles are strongly emphasised, while, according to Cashmore, they are "vehemently anti-white". Nyabinghi Rastas refuse to compromise with Babylon and are often critical of reggae musicians like Marley, whom they regard as having collaborated with the commercial music industry.

ellauri108.html on line 239: The Bobo Ashanti sect was founded in Jamaica by Emanuel Charles Edwards through the establishment of his Ethiopia Africa Black International Congress (EABIC) in 1958. The group established a commune in Bull Bay, where they were led by Edwards until his 1994 death. The group hold to a highly rigid ethos. Edwards advocated the idea of a new trinity, with Haile Selassie as the living God, himself as the Christ, and Garvey as the prophet. Male members are divided into two categories: the "priests" who conduct religious services and the "prophets" who take part in reasoning sessions. It places greater restrictions on women than most other forms of Rastafari; women are regarded as impure because of menstruation and childbirth and so are not permitted to cook for men. The group teaches that black Africans are God's chosen people and are superior to white Europeans, with members often refusing to associate with white people. Bobo Ashanti Rastas are recognisable by their long, flowing robes and turbans.

ellauri108.html on line 244: The Twelve Tribes peaked in popularity during the 1970s, when it attracted artists, musicians, and many middle-class followers—Marley among them—resulting in the terms "middle-class Rastas" and "uptown Rastas" being applied to members of the group. Carrington died in 2005, since which time the Twelve Tribes of Israel have been led by an executive council. As of 2010, it was recorded as being the largest of the centralised Rasta groups. It remains headquartered in Kingston, although it has followers outside Jamaica; the group was responsible for establishing the Rasta community in Shashamane, Ethiopia.

ellauri108.html on line 246: The Church of Haile Selassie, Inc., was founded by Abuna Foxe and operated much like a mainstream Christian church, with a hierarchy of functionaries, weekly services, and Sunday schools. In adopting this broad approach, the Church seeks to develop Rastafari's respectability in wider society. Fulfilled Rastafari is a multi-ethnic movement that has spread in popularity during the 21st century, in large part through the Internet. The Fulfilled Rastafari group accept Haile Selassie's statements that he was a man and that he was a devout Christian, and so place emphasis on worshipping Jesus through the example set forth by Haile Selassie. The wearing of dreadlocks and the adherence to an ital diet are considered issues up to the individual.

ellauri108.html on line 256: Rastas often claim that—rather than converting to the religion—they were actually always a Rasta and that their embrace of its beliefs was merely the realisation of this. There is no formal ritual carried out to mark an individual's entry into the Rastafari movement, although once they do join an individual often changes their name, with many including the prefix "Ras". Rastas regard themselves as an exclusive and elite community, membership of which is restricted to those who have the "insight" to recognise Haile Selassie's importance. Practitioners thus often regard themselves as the "enlightened ones" who have "seen the light". Many of them see no point in establishing good relations with non-Rastas, believing that the latter will never accept Rastafari doctrine as truth.

ellauri108.html on line 258: Some Rastas have left the religion. Clarke noted that among British Rastas, some returned to Pentecostalism and other forms of Christianity, while others embraced Islam or no religion. Some English ex-Rastas described disillusionment when the societal transformation promised by Rastafari failed to appear, while others felt that while Rastafari would be appropriate for agrarian communities in Africa and the Caribbean, it was not suited to industrialised British society. Others experienced disillusionment after developing the view that Haile Selassie had been an oppressive leader of the Ethiopian people. Cashmore found that some British Rastas who had more militant views left the religion after finding its focus on reasoning and music insufficient for the struggle against white domination and racism.

ellauri108.html on line 264: Both through travel between the islands, and through reggae's popularity, Rastafari spread across the eastern Caribbean during the 1970s. Here, its ideas complemented the anti-colonial and Afrocentric views prevalent in countries like Trinidad, Grenada, Dominica, and St Vincent. In these countries, the early Rastas often engaged in cultural and political movements to a greater extent than their Jamaican counterparts had. Various Rastas were involved in Grenada's 1979 New Jewel Movement and were given positions in the Grenadine government until it was overthrown and replaced following the U.S. invasion of 1983. Although Fidel Castro's Marxist–Leninist government generally discouraged foreign influences, Rastafari was introduced to Cuba alongside reggae in the 1970s. Foreign Rastas studying in Cuba during the 1990s connected with its reggae scene and helped to further ground it in Rasta beliefs. In Cuba, most Rastas have been male and from the Afro-Cuban population.

ellauri108.html on line 266: Rastafari was introduced to the United States and Canada with the migration of Jamaicans to continental North America in the 1960s and 1970s. American police were often suspicious of Rastas and regarded Rastafari as a criminal sub-culture. Rastafari also attracted converts from within several Native American communities and picked up some support from white members of the hippie subculture, which was then in decline. In Latin America, small communities of Rastas have also established in Brazil, Panama, and Nicaragua.

ellauri108.html on line 268: Some Rastas in the African diaspora have followed through with their beliefs about resettlement in Africa, with Ghana and Nigeria being particularly favoured. In West Africa, Rastafari has spread largely through the popularity of reggae, gaining a larger presence in Anglophone areas than their Francophone counterparts. Caribbean Rastas arrived in Ghana during the 1960s, encouraged by its first post-independence president, Kwame Nkrumah, while some native Ghanaians also converted to the religion. The largest congregation of Rastas has been in southern parts of Ghana, around Accra, Tema, and the Cape Coast, although Rasta communities also exist in the Muslim-majority area of northern Ghana. The Rasta migrants' wearing of dreadlocks was akin to that of the native fetish priests, which may have assisted the presentation of these Rastas as having authentic African roots in Ghanaian society. However, Ghanaian Rastas have complained of social ostracism and prosecution for cannabis possession, while non-Rastas in Ghana often consider them to be "drop-outs", "too Western", and "not African enough".

ellauri108.html on line 272: In the 1960s, a Rasta settlement was established in Shashamane, Ethiopia, on land made available by Haile Selassie's Ethiopian World Federation. The community faced many problems; 500 acres were confiscated by the Marxist government of Mengistu Haile Mariam. There were also conflicts with local Ethiopians, who largely regarded the incoming Rastas, and their Ethiopian-born children, as foreigners. The Shashamane community peaked at a population of 2,000, although subsequently declined to around 200.

ellauri108.html on line 274: By the early 1990s, a Rasta community existed in Nairobi, Kenya, whose approach to the religion was informed both by reggae and by traditional Kikuyu religion. Rastafari groups have also appeared in Zimbabwe, and in South Africa; in 2008, there were at least 12,000 Rastas in the country. At an African Union/Caribbean Diaspora conference in South Africa in 2005, a statement was released characterising Rastafari as a force for integration of Africa and the African diaspora.

ellauri108.html on line 277: During the 1950s and 1960s, Rastas were among the thousands of Caribbean migrants who settled in the United Kingdom, leading to small groups appearing in areas of London such as Brixton and Notting Hill in the 1950s. By the late 1960s, Rastafari had attracted converts from the second generation of British Caribbean people, spreading beyond London to cities like Birmingham, Leicester, Liverpool, Manchester, and Bristol. Its spread was aided by the gang structures that had been cultivated among black British youth by the rudeboy subculture, and gained increasing attention in the 1970s through reggae's popularity. According to the 2001 United Kingdom Census there are about 5000 Rastafari living in England and Wales. Clarke described Rastafari as a small but "extremely influential" component of black British life.

ellauri108.html on line 293: “I faced gender discrimination and racism, and it was a toxic environment with the board never letting me run the organization I was hired to run,” Moyo said. “I was not treated as a leader.”

ellauri108.html on line 299: As a survivor of genocide in Zimbabwe who went on to build a career as a human rights activist and lawyer on three continents, Moyo was seen not only as an impeccable hire to carry on the museum’s vision but also as a bearer of racial progress for the Jewish community as many of its institutions attempt to increase their diversity. She pledged to use her position to fight racism, especially in the wake of last year’s Black Lives Matter protests.

ellauri108.html on line 301: Two major donors — Wayne and Amy Gould, whose family name was on the museum’s Holocaust History Center — took issue with Moyo’s approach.

ellauri108.html on line 311: Schindler also agreed with Moyo that the Goulds’ values are not aligned with those of the museum and that their money was not wanted. But he was soon converted and started hounding her instead.

ellauri108.html on line 313: Soon, Moyo was demanding an outside investigation into the board’s conduct, and complained that her labor was being extracted from her to the point of abuse. In increasingly tense emails, she brought up past instances in which she was compelled to clean toilets and work weekends, for example.

ellauri108.html on line 315: “Has it occurred to you and the rest of the JHM board that I am a human being and I cannot work 24/7 even if I could be adequately compensated for giving all my waking hours to JHM business?” she wrote to Kirshner, the museum’s president, on April 22. “I never thought I would have to say this at work, but it seems necessary to say this to you: Slavery was officially abolished in the USA quite some time ago.”

ellauri108.html on line 379:   Solomons hubris, his tragic flaw, is the meat and bone of the Ethiopian bible, the Kebra Nagast, which, translated, is the glory of the kings. In this work, unlike the King James' bible, we see King Solomon struggling with his own mortality. Bayna-Lehkem, or David, as he is called by Solomon because of likeness to the boy's grandfather, King David, is a man of virtue who will extend his glory to Ethiopia. So, Solomon's weakness for women, which brings about his dissolution, gives him the thing he is truly seeking: a son to walk his own footsteps, like Shakespeare's Hamnet, a son wiser, by dint of his virtue, than himself. A son wiser than himself, that sounds rather like a stone too big to both create and throw. Solomon is disinherited by the lord when he marries the daughter of the Pharaoh and worships her golden insect idols. A hairy spider on its back. For this he is punished severely. We discern his absolute nihilism. His ultimate disillusionment. Knowledge is nothing but sorrow. He that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow. In the bitter nutmeat of the Ecclesiastes. Who was the mother? Of course, Queen Sheba. She was, by all reports, black. 

ellauri108.html on line 404: The story takes place about 600 years before Jesus Christ was born when King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon besieged Jerusalem and took captive many of Israel's finest citizens. Among those deported to Babylon were four young men from the tribe of Judah: Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.

ellauri108.html on line 406: Once in captivity, the youths were given new names. Daniel was now called Belteshazzar, Hananiah was called Shadrach, Mishael was called Meshach, and Azariah was called Abednego.

ellauri108.html on line 418: Furious, Nebuchadnezzar ordered the furnace to be heated seven times hotter than average. Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were bound and cast into the flames. The fiery blast was so hot it killed the soldiers who had escorted them.

ellauri108.html on line 432: Who was the fourth man Nebuchadnezzar saw in the flames? Was it Daniel? Naah, he was out of it. Bible scholars believe he was either an angel or a manifestation of Christ. Regardless, his appearance was miraculous, a heavenly bodyguard sent by God to protect Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego during their intense time of need.

ellauri108.html on line 452: Contrary to scholarly understandings of how the Bible was compiled, Rastas commonly believe it was originally written on stone in the Ethiopian language of Amharic. They also regard it as cryptographic, meaning that it has many hidden meanings.

ellauri108.html on line 455: Rastas who view Haile Selassie as Jesus argue that both were descendants from the royal line of the Biblical king David, while Rastas also emphasise the fact that the Makonnen dynasty, of which Haile Selassie was a member, claimed descent from the Biblical figures Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. 

ellauri108.html on line 459: Members of the Twelve Tribes of Israel denomination, for instance, reject the idea that Selassie was the Second Coming, arguing that this event has yet to occur.

ellauri108.html on line 467: Rastafari teaches that the black African diaspora are exiles living in "Babylon", a term which it applies to Western society. For Rastas, European colonialism and global capitalism are regarded as manifestations of Babylon, while police and soldiers are viewed as its agents.The term "Babylon" is adopted because of its Biblical associations. In the Old Testament, Babylon is the Mesopotamian city where the Israelites were held captive, exiled from their homeland, between 597 and 586 BCE; Rastas compare the exile of the Israelites in Mesopotamia to the exile of the African diaspora outside Africa. In the New Testament, "Babylon" is used as a euphemism for the Roman Empire, which was regarded as acting in a destructive manner that was akin to the way in which the ancient Babylonians acted. Rastas perceive the exile of the black African diaspora in Babylon as an experience of great suffering, with the term "suffering" having a significant place in Rasta discourse.

ellauri108.html on line 474: Rastas turn to Biblical scripture to explain the Atlantic slave trade, believing that the enslavement, exile, and exploitation of black Africans was punishment for failing to live up to their status as Jah's chosen people.

ellauri108.html on line 487: In the 1980s, many Rastas believed that the Day of Judgment would happen around the year 2000. A view then common in the Rasta community was that the world's white people would wipe themselves out through nuclear war, with black Africans then ruling the world, something that they argued was prophesied in the Book of Daniel.

ellauri109.html on line 92: Hoffnung ist nicht die Überzeugung, dass etwas gut ausgeht,

ellauri109.html on line 93: sondern die Gewissheit, dass etwas Sinn hat,

ellauri109.html on line 96: Nein, Hoffnung ist genauer die Wunsch, dass etwas gut ausgeht. 

ellauri109.html on line 140: Wenn etwas uns fortgenommen wird,

ellauri109.html on line 163: erwarten wir getrost, was kommen mag.

ellauri109.html on line 171: Letzendlich wollen die Trauernden eben sowas zu hören.

ellauri109.html on line 174: was wir lieben ist geblieben bleibt uns auch in Ewigkeit.

ellauri109.html on line 236: Ruth kuulostaa hyvältä ihmiseltä. Oliko se jutku? Jep. Franz Boas was Jewish, besides his two best known students, Ruth Benedict and Margaret Mead were also Jewish.

ellauri109.html on line 268: John Rogers Searle (/sɜːrl/; born July 31, 1932) is an American philosopher. He was Willis S. and Marion Slusser Professor Emeritus of the Philosophy of Mind and Language and Professor of the Graduate School at the University of California, Berkeley until June 2019, when his emeritus status was revoked for having violated the university’s sexual harassment policies. Widely noted for his contributions to the philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and social philosophy, he began teaching at UC Berkeley in 1959.

ellauri109.html on line 270: In 2000 Searle received the Jean Nicod Prize; in 2004, the National Humanities Medal; and in 2006, the Mind & Brain Prize. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2010. Searle's early work on speech acts, influenced by J. L. Austin and Ludwig Wittgenstein, helped establish his reputation. His notable concepts include the "Chinese room" argument against "strong" artificial intelligence.

ellauri109.html on line 272: In the late 1980s, Searle, along with other landlords, petitioned Berkeley's rental board to raise the limits on how much he could charge tenants under the city's 1980 rent-stabilization ordinance. The rental board refused to consider Searle's petition and Searle filed suit, charging a violation of due process. In 1990, in what came to be known as the "Searle Decision", the California Supreme Court upheld Searle's argument in part and Berkeley changed its rent-control policy, leading to large rent-increases between 1991 and 1994. Searle was reported to see the issue as one of fundamental rights, being quoted as saying "The treatment of landlords in Berkeley is comparable to the treatment of blacks in the South ... our rights have been massively violated and we are here to correct that injustice." The court described the debate as a "morass of political invective, ad hominem attack, and policy argument".

ellauri109.html on line 321: The merchant Hans Kohlhase lived in Cölln on the Spree (now incorporated into Berlin) in the Margraviate of Brandenburg in the 16th century. In October 1532 he set out on a trip to the Leipzig Trade Fair in the neighboring Electorate of Saxony. On the way two of his horses were seized, at the command of the Junker von Zaschwitz, as a supposed fee for passage through Saxony. Kohlhase sought redress in the Saxon courts but failed to obtain it. Outraged, he issued a public challenge in 1534 and burned down houses in Wittenberg. Even a letter of admonition from Martin Luther could not dissuade him, and Kohlhase and the band he collected committed further acts of terror. In 1540 he was finally captured and tried, and was publicly broken on the wheel in Berlin on 22 March 1540. From this history Kleist fashioned a novella that dramatized a personal quest for justice in defiance of the claims of the general law and the community.

ellauri109.html on line 323: Kleist opposed Napoleon. He was a sort of Fundamental German militating against Bonaparte's European Union and first and foremost, the recovery fund.

ellauri109.html on line 330: What the fuck just open up the corpse and retrieve the papers. The plot simply sucks. Kleist was clearly not the sharpest pencil in the box.

ellauri109.html on line 379: Though married to Hippolyte Colet, Louise had a steamy eight-year affair, in two stages, with Gustave Flaubert. The relationship turned sour, however, and they broke up. Louise was allegedly so angered by her breakup with Flaubert, she wrote a novel, Lui, in an effort to target Flaubert. However, Colet's book has failed to have the lasting significance of Madame Bovary.

ellauri109.html on line 507: From the start, critics complained about the ostensible sameness of Roth’s books, their narcissism and narrowness—or, as he himself put it, comparing his own work to his father’s conversation, “Family, family, family, Newark, Newark, Newark, Jew, Jew, Jew.” Roth turned self-obsession into art. He was a consummate bullshit artist.

ellauri109.html on line 511: Many literary figures have dreaded the spectre of the biographer. Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins, Walt Whitman, Henry James, and Sylvia Plath are but a few who put their letters and journals into the fire. Lea poltti päiväkirjansa kommunistien pelossa ja repi lottapuvun matonkuteixi. James admitted to his nephew and literary executor that his singular desire in old age was to “frustrate as utterly as possible the postmortem exploiter.” 

ellauri109.html on line 517: When Updike, in the eighties, felt the sour breath of potential biographers on his neck, he tried to preëmpt his pursuers by writing a series of autobiographical essays about such topics as the Pennsylvania town where he grew up, his stutter, and his skin condition. The resulting collection, “Self-Consciousness,” is a dazzlingly intimate book, but his imagination and industry did more to draw biographical attention than to repel it. In the weeks before his death, of lung cancer, in early 2009, he continued to write, including an admiring review of Blake Bailey’s biography of John Cheever. And five years later there it was: “Updike,” a biography by Adam Begley.

ellauri109.html on line 523: Zuckerman considers the biographer a ruthless seducer, out to cut the artist down to comprehensible and assailable size—to displace the fiction with the real story. And this Zuckerman cannot bear. He was unnervingly present, a condor on a branch, unblinking, alive to everything.

ellauri109.html on line 525: He was often undone—by depression, by his two marriages, by the loneliness and intensity of his commitment to the work. He could be tender and manipulative, generous and insistently selfish. But never nice. 

ellauri109.html on line 529: Weequahic High at the time graduated more doctors, lawyers, dentists, and accountants than practically any other school in the country. And then Philip had to become and English major because he was not good enough for law.

ellauri109.html on line 531: Roth was not an academic prodigy; his teachers sensed his intelligence but they were not overawed by his classroom performance.

ellauri109.html on line 533: Roth learned to write through imitation. His first published story, “The Day It Snowed,” was so thoroughly Truman Capote that, he later remarked, he made “Capote look like a longshoreman.”

ellauri109.html on line 547: Roth’s extramarital forays were numerous, Kleinschmidt was right about that.

ellauri109.html on line 551: Kleinschmidt published a journal article in which he describes the case of a “successful Southern playwright” with an overbearing mother: “His rebellion was sexualized, leading to compulsive masturbation which provided an outlet for a myriad of hostile fantasies. These same masturbatory fantasies he both acted out and channeled into his writing.” Roth, who was obviously Kleinschmidt’s “playwright,” saw the article just after finishing the novel. He spent multiple sessions berating Kleinschmidt for this “psychoanalytic cartoon” and yet continued his analysis with him for years.

ellauri109.html on line 555: Roth could not stand the lurid brand of notoriety. Years later, he told friends that he wished he’d never published “Portnoy’s Complaint.” It was by far his best-selling book. 

ellauri109.html on line 557: His habits were those of a monk: spartan diet and furnishings, regular exercise, crew-neck sweaters, sensible shoes, and strict hours. If he was not in his studio by nine, he would think, “Malamud has already been at it for two hours.”

ellauri109.html on line 559: He told Bellow of his early work, “I kept being virtuous, and virtuous was destroying me. When I let the repellent in, I found that I was alive on my own terms.”

ellauri109.html on line 563: Roth spent much of his life in pain. Many spinal surgeries followed his mishap in the Army. Diagnosed with heart disease before he was fifty, Roth lived with an acute sense of imminent catastrophe. In 1989, when he was fifty-six, he was swimming laps in his pool and was overwhelmed by chest pain. The next day, he had quintuple-bypass surgery.

ellauri109.html on line 565: “Sabbath’s Theater” (1995). is probably the most profane of Roth’s novels; it was also his favorite, the book in which he felt himself to be utterly free and at his best. “Céline is my Proust,” he used to say.

ellauri109.html on line 567: Roth and Bloom divorced, miserably, in 1995. A year later, Bloom published a memoir, “Leaving a Doll’s House,” in which Roth was depicted as brilliant and initially attentive to the demands of her career, but also as unpredictable, unfaithful, remote, and, at times, horribly unkind, not least about Bloom’s devotion to her grown daughter. The book quoted incensed faxes that Roth sent Bloom at the end of their union, demanding that she pay sixty-two billion dollars for failing to honor their prenuptial agreement, and another bill for the “five or six hundred hours” that he had spent going over her lines with her.

ellauri109.html on line 569: Roth was flattened by “Leaving a Doll’s House” and the bad publicity that came with it. He never got over it. “You know what Chekhov said when someone said to him ‘This too shall pass?’ ” Roth told Bailey. “ ‘Nothing passes.’ Put that in the fucking book.”

ellauri109.html on line 571: In his fury and his hunger for retribution, Roth produced “Notes for My Biographer,” an obsessive, almost page-by-page rebuttal of Bloom’s memoir: “Adultery makes numerous bad marriages bearable and holds them together and in some cases can make the adulterer a far more decent husband or wife than . . . the domestic situation warrants. (See Madame Bovary for a pitiless critique of this phenomenon.)” Only at the last minute was Roth persuaded by friends and advisers not to publish the diatribe, but he could never put either of his marriages behind him for good. He was similarly incapable of setting aside much smaller grievances. As Benjamin Taylor, one of his closest late-in-life friends, put it in “Here We Are,” a loving, yet knowing, memoir, “The appetite for vengeance was insatiable. Philip could not get enough of getting even.”

ellauri109.html on line 581: in 2000, James Atlas’s biography of Bellow appeared. It was a book that Roth had urged Atlas to write, but Bellow hated it, and so, in the end, did Roth. An acidic trickle of disenchantment, especially regarding Bellow’s inconstancy with women and family, runs through it. Oma vika pikku sika.

ellauri109.html on line 583: Roth asked Ross Miller to write his biography after his women friends Hermione Lee and Judith Thurman declined his invitations. He  coached Miller on lines of questioning. He was particularly anxious for Miller to rebut  “This whole mad fucking misogynistic bullshit!” “It wasn’t just ‘Fucked this one fucked that one fucked this one,’ ” he told Miller in one of their interviews.”

ellauri109.html on line 591: Roth began to hear that Miller was describing him as “manic-depressive.” The theatre critic and producer Robert Brustein, an old friend of Roth’s, reported back that Miller had told him, “He knows he’s writing shit now. It just lies there like a lox.” By the end of 2009, the arrangement and the friendship were over. So was Roths career.

ellauri109.html on line 595: He took victory laps at birthday celebrations and symposiums on his work. He accepted a medal from Barack Obama. In 2014, he was even awarded an honorary degree from the Jewish Theological Seminary. The headline the next day in The Forward read “Philip Roth, Once Outcast, Joins Jewish Fold.” There were, for a while, love affairs with much younger women, even talk of having a child. Then he retired from sex, too.

ellauri109.html on line 597: In 2012, Roth invited Blake Bailey to his apartment, on West Seventy-ninth Street, for a kind of job interview. After quizzing Bailey on how a Gentile from Oklahoma could possibly write the life of a Jew from Newark, the deal was made. “I don’t want you to rehabilitate me,” Roth told him. “Just make me interesting.”

ellauri109.html on line 603: That first summer I spent a week in Connecticut, interviewing him six hours a day in his studio. Now and then we had to take bathroom breaks, and we could hear each other’s muffled streams through the door. One lovely sun-dappled afternoon I sat on his studio couch, listening to our greatest living novelist empty his bladder, and reflected that this was about as good as it gets for an American literary biographer.

ellauri109.html on line 605: We learn of Roth’s generosity with unearned money he did not need (just like JFK, who was privately stingy as hell but basked in high-visibility free-of-charge charity) of his remarkable service in getting Milan Kundera published in English.

ellauri109.html on line 607: Roth was a dedicated teacher at various universities, but he also availed himself of what he viewed as the perquisites.

ellauri109.html on line 611: The reaction to “Portnoy’s Complaint,” a decade later, was of another order. “This is the book for which all anti-Semites have been praying,” Gershom Scholem, the eminent scholar of Jewish history and mysticism, wrote. “I daresay that with the next turn of history, which will not be long delayed, this book will make all of us defendants at court.”

ellauri109.html on line 615: Roth, who thought of religion as fairy tales and illusion, left strict instructions: no Kaddish, no God, no speeches. Roth had asked a range of friends to read passages from his novels. The mourners heard only the language of Roth and then shovelled dirt into his grave until it was full.

ellauri109.html on line 668: On 1 December 1663 Dryden married Lady Elizabeth Howard (died 1714). The marriage was at St. Swithin's, London, and the consent of the parents is noted on the licence, though Lady Elizabeth was then about twenty-five. She was the object of some scandals, well or ill founded; it was said that Dryden had been bullied into the marriage by her playwright brothers. A small estate in Wiltshire was settled upon them by her father. The lady's intellect and temper were apparently not good; her husband was treated as an inferior by those of her social status. Oi, monitoinikone! Olli, minä olen mistelin alla! (Doris ja sen menestynyt mies on etelässä joululomalla.) 

ellauri109.html on line 701: Dryden was born in the village rectory of Aldwincle near Thrapston in Northamptonshire, where his maternal grandfather was the rector of All Saints. He was the eldest of fourteen children born to Erasmus Dryden and wife Mary Pickering, paternal grandson of Sir Erasmus Dryden, 1st Baronet (1553–1632), and wife Frances Wilkes, Puritan landowning gentry who supported the Puritan cause and Parliament. He was a second cousin once removed of Jonathan Swift.

ellauri109.html on line 703: Dryden was trained in the art of rhetoric and the presentation of arguments for both sides of a given issue. This skill helped him turn his coat when the political winds took sudden turns.

ellauri109.html on line 706: Dryden potkittiin pois Royal Societystä kun sillä oli jäsenmaxut rästissä. Shadwell vei siltä poeta laureatuxen paikan kun Dryden ei pokkuroinut protestanttisia Wilhoa ja Mariaa. Oliko viirikukko ruostunut? Dryden's main goal in the satiric verse: the mock-heroic Mac Flecknoe, was to "satirize Shadwell, ostensibly for his offenses against literature but more immediately we may suppose for his habitual badgering of him on the stage and in print." Thomas Shadwell succeeded him as Poet Laureate, and he was forced to give up his public offices and live by the proceeds of his pig pen.

ellauri109.html on line 708: Of Dramatick Poesie (1668) was arguably the best of his essays. Unsurprisingly, Dryden constantly defended his own literary practice.

ellauri109.html on line 710: At around 8pm on 18 December 1679, Dryden was attacked in Rose Alley behind the Lamb & Flag pub, near his home in Covent Garden, by thugs hired by the Earl of Rochester, with whom he had a long-standing conflict. The pub was notorious for staging bare-knuckle prize fights, earning the nickname "The Bucket of Blood."

ellauri109.html on line 712: Dryden translated works by Horace, Juvenal, Ovid, Lucretius, and Theocritus, a task which he found far more satisfying than writing for the stage. In 1694 he began work on what would be his most ambitious and defining work as translator, The Works of Virgil (1697), which was published by subscription. The publication of the translation of Virgil was a national event and brought Dryden the sum of £1,400. For example, take lines 789–795 of Book 2 when Aeneas sees and receives a message from the ghost of his wife, Creusa.

ellauri109.html on line 744: His best-known comedy was Marriage à la Mode (1673). In tragedy, his greatest success was All for Love (1678). Andrew Chesterman thinks he is translators' patron saint. 

ellauri109.html on line 745: Auden referred to him as "the master of the middle class". Alexander Pope was heavily influenced by Dryden and often borrowed from him.

ellauri109.html on line 747: Later generations considered Dryden's absence of sensibility a fault. He was dry like a digestive bisquit. 

ellauri109.html on line 749: One of the first attacks on Dryden's reputation was by William Wordsworth, who complained that Dryden's descriptions of natural objects in his translations from Virgil were much inferior to the originals. However, several of Wordsworth's contemporaries, such as George Crabbe, Lord Byron, and Walter Scott (who edited Dryden's works), were still keen admirers of Dryden.

ellauri109.html on line 750: John Keats admired the "Fables. " Matthew Arnold famously dismissed him. T. S. Eliot wrote that he was "his ancestor," and had like Eliot a "commonplace mind."

ellauri109.html on line 753: A heroic couplet is a traditional form for English poetry, commonly used in epic and narrative poetry, and consisting of a rhyming pair of lines in iambic pentameter. Use of the heroic couplet was pioneered by Geoffrey Chaucer in the Legend of Good Women and the Canterbury Tales, and generally considered to have been perfected by John Dryden and Alexander Pope in the Restoration Age and early 18th century respectively. A frequently-cited example illustrating the use of heroic couplets is this passage from Cooper's Hill by John Denham, part of his description of the Thames:

ellauri109.html on line 783: Leah had experienced many calamities long before the loss of her baby. As a child, she and her family had joined thousands of Jews fleeing violence in Yemen. They were robbed as they trekked from one end of the country to the other and Leah was reduced to begging for food. Then they were rescued in an airlift known as Operation Magic Carpet.

ellauri109.html on line 791: She was told they were being taken to a special clinic in Tel Aviv. But when Leah's husband visited soon afterwards, only one of the twins was there. The other, Hanna, had died, he was informed.

ellauri109.html on line 793: Leah was shocked not to be shown a body or a grave - a common feature of such stories - but she and her husband did not doubt the heart-breaking news.

ellauri109.html on line 795: It was only years later that she began asking questions, when her surviving daughter, Hagit, turned 18 and was called for national military service.

ellauri109.html on line 805: On kibbutzes, where some of the Yemenites settled, it was typical for youngsters to be separated from their parents and looked after together, and here too it's said that some children vanished.

ellauri109.html on line 813: She went in search of documents that would reveal the truth about what happened to Hanna, and was deeply disturbed by what she found.

ellauri109.html on line 814: Like Leah, most parents received no information about their child's grave. When they did, in some cases it transpired that the grave was empty, or DNA tests showed that the body was not theirs.

ellauri109.html on line 820: Post-mortem examinations were carried out on children, who were then buried in mass graves in violation of Jewish tradition, the special Knesset committee on the disappearance of children heard. In some cases the children's hearts were removed for US doctors, who were studying why there was almost no heart disease in Yemen.

ellauri109.html on line 821: "And even worse there are healthy babies who died from an experimental treatment. It's a crime, it was on purpose, and it led to their death."

ellauri109.html on line 833: He points out that hundreds of thousands of immigrants arrived in Israel at a time of war, and in the years immediately afterwards, when the country was still reeling.

ellauri109.html on line 846: At a beachside cafe in Haifa, I meet a philosopher who is physical about how his life was shaped by being snatched.

ellauri109.html on line 849: However, it was not until he reached his twenties that he discovered what much of his close-knit community already knew: he was adopted.

ellauri109.html on line 851: She always feared losing him and so, out of respect for his adoptive parents, it was only after they died that Yehuda opened his adoption file.

ellauri109.html on line 854: MyHeritage was able to use that to trace a grave for a woman who had died 17 years ago.

ellauri109.html on line 856: "Wow, there are a lot," remarked Yehuda, as he was told the news ahead of an emotional first meeting filmed by Israeli television.

ellauri109.html on line 859: "I'm happy the circle was completed and I now know the history, the origin and I know which family [I'm from] from a genetic point of view," he says.

ellauri110.html on line 141:     A further example of the lack of humanity and emotion in the Houyhnhnms is that their laws reason that each couple produce two children, one male and one female. In the event that a marriage produced two offspring of the same sex, the parents would take their children to the annual meeting and trade one with a couple who produced two children of the opposite sex. This was viewed as his spoofing and or criticising the notion that the "ideal" family produces children of both sexes. George Orwell viewed the Houyhnhnm society as one whose members try to be as close to dead as possible while alive and matter as little as possible in life and death.

ellauri110.html on line 145: On one hand, the Houyhnhnms have an orderly and peaceful society. They have philosophy and a language that is entirely free of political and ethical nonsense. They have no word for a lie (and must substitute a circumlocution: "to say a thing which is not"). They also have a form of art that is derived from nature. Outside Gulliver's Travels, Swift had expressed longstanding concern over the corruption of the English language, and he had proposed language reform. He had also, in Battle of the Books and in general in A Tale of a Tub, expressed a preference for the Ancients (Classical authors) because their art was based directly upon nature, and not upon other art.

ellauri110.html on line 147: On the other hand, Swift was profoundly mistrustful of attempts at reason that resulted in either hubris (for example, the Projectors satirised in A Tale of a Tub or in Book III of Gulliver's Travels) or immorality (such as the speaker of A Modest Proposal, who offers an entirely logical and wholly immoral proposal for cannibalism). The Houyhnhnms embody both the good and the bad side of reason, for they have the pure language Swift wished for and the amorally rational approach to solving the problems of humanity (Yahoos); the extirpation of the Yahoo population by the horses is very like the speaker of A Modest Proposal.

ellauri110.html on line 302: The first mention of the story dates back to 26 November 1895 when Chekhov, writing from Melikhovo, informed his correspondent Elena Shavrova: "I am writing now a small story called 'My Bride'." [Моя невеста, Moya nevesta]." He went on: "Once I had a bride... That is what they'd called her: Missyuss. My love for her was strong. That is what I am writing about." Whom did he mean exactly, remained unclear.

ellauri110.html on line 306: According to Anton Chekhov's brother Mikhail, the story's location was the village Bogimovo in Kaluga Governorate where Chekhov had spent the summer of 1891. Mikhail Chekhov also names the prototypes for the landlord Belokurov and his partner Lyubov Ivanovna as E.D. Bylim-Kolosovsky and his wife Amnesia.

ellauri110.html on line 308:     Sofia Prorokova, the author of Isaak Levitan's biography, suggested that the house with a terrace and a mezzanine in question might have been the one belonging to Anna N. Turchaninova, whose Gorka estate in the Tver Governorate Chekhov visited in the summer of 1895.According to Prorokova, the story might have been based upon the difficult relationship Levitan had with the Turchaninova sisters (hence the similarity in surnames), of whom the younger one, Varvara, the possible prototype for Zhenya (Missyuss), had a bizarre diminutive nickname, Lyulyu. This view was shared by the literary historian Leonid Grossman.

ellauri110.html on line 310:     Isaac Ilyich Levitan was a classical Russian landscape painter who advanced the genre of the "mood landscape". 

ellauri110.html on line 322:     The following day he learns that Zhenya and her mother had departed. A boy hands him a note from Znenya, which reads: "I have told my sister everything and she insists on my parting from you. I could not hurt her by disobeying. God will give you happiness. If you knew how bitterly mamma and I have cried." The painter leaves the place too. The last glimpse of hope to fill his lonely life with any kind of meaning is now gone, and the person who robbed him of it was Lydia, the one who cared for nothing but bettering other people's lives. Time passes, but he cannot forget Zhenya and deep in his heart knows she still thinks of him, too.

ellauri110.html on line 335: Samuel Pepys PRS (/piːps/ PEEPS; 23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an administrator of the navy of England and Member of Parliament who is most famous for the diary he kept for a decade while still a relatively young man. Pepys had no maritime experience, but he rose to be the Chief Secretary to the Admiralty under both King Charles II and King James II through patronage, diligence, and his talent for administration. His influence and reforms at the Admiralty were important in the early professionalisation of the Royal Navy.

ellauri110.html on line 337: The detailed private diary that Pepys kept from 1660 until 1669 was first published in the 19th century and is one of the most important primary sources for the English Restoration period. It provides a combination of personal revelation and eyewitness accounts of great events, such as the Great Plague of London, the Second Dutch War, and the Great Fire of London.

ellauri110.html on line 344: The diary gives a detailed account of Pepys's personal life. He was fond of wine, plays, and the company of other people. He also spent time evaluating his fortune and his place in the world. He was always curious and often acted on that curiosity, as he acted upon almost all his impulses. Periodically, he would resolve to devote more time to hard work instead of leisure. For example, in his entry for New Year's Eve, 1661, he writes: "I have newly taken a solemn oath about abstaining from plays and wine…" The following months reveal his lapses to the reader; by 17 February, it is recorded, "Here I drank wine upon necessity, being ill for the want of it."

ellauri110.html on line 346: He was known to be brutal to his servants, once beating a servant Jane with a broom until she cried. He kept a boy servant whom he frequently beat with a cane, a birch rod, a whip or a rope's end.

ellauri110.html on line 347: Pepys was an investor in the Company of Royal Adventurers Trading to Africa, which held the Royal monopoly on trading along the west coast of Africa in gold, silver, ivory and slaves.

ellauri110.html on line 349: Propriety did not prevent him from engaging in a number of extramarital liaisons with various women that were chronicled in his diary, often in some detail when relating the intimate details. The most dramatic of these encounters was with Deborah Willet, a young woman engaged as a companion for Elisabeth Pepys. On 25 October 1668, Pepys was surprised by his wife as he embraced Deb Willet; he writes that his wife "coming up suddenly, did find me imbracing the girl con [with] my hand sub [under] su [her] coats; and endeed I was with my main [hand] in her cunny. I was at a wonderful loss upon it and the girl also...." Following this event, he was characteristically filled with remorse, but (equally characteristically) continued to pursue Willet after she had been dismissed from the Pepys household. Pepys also had a habit of fondling the breasts of his maid Mary Mercer while she dressed him in the morning.

ellauri110.html on line 351: 	  Pepys may also have dallied with a leading actress of the Restoration period, Mary Knep. "Mrs Knep was the wife of a Smithfield horsedealer, and the mistress of Pepys"—or at least "she granted him a share of her favours". He called her husband "an ill, melancholy, jealous-looking fellow" and suspected him of abusing his wife. Knep provided Pepys with backstage access and was a conduit for theatrical and social gossip. When they wrote notes to each other, Pepys signed himself "Dapper Dickey", while Knep was "Barbry Allen" (a popular song that was an item in her musical repertory).

ellauri110.html on line 363:   Sam petti Bettyä minkä ehti, mutta ehti olla silti mustasukkainen. Kun Betty meni tanssitunnille, Sam kokeili sen hameen alta onko sillä pikkuhousuja. 6. Februari 1660 hatte Sam Fräulein Ann "einmal so richtig probiert". "Ich tat mit ihr was ich wollte, jedoch nicht die Hauptsache." Ihr gefiel die Ehe so wenig, dass sie ihn schon zweimal innerhalb der Stunde "ranliess". "Nach vielerlei Protesten habe ich zu meinem grossen Vergnügen dort angelangt, wohin ich wollte." Annettuaan vaimo Bettylle mustan silmän Piips meni toisen Bettyn pakeille: "Ich wollte es, und ich nahm sie gegen ihren Willen." Als Betty ein Kind erwartete, tat er mit Dolly was er wollte: "Ich wäre zu allem fähig gewesen."

ellauri110.html on line 365:   Sit tuli paljastus, kun Betty yllätti Pepysin nuoren apulaisen hameen alta. "Ich hatte meine Hand ind ihrer Muschi." Piips kielsi kaiken mutta raapusteli päiväkirjaan seuraavan: "Die Wahrheit is, dass ich dieses junge Mädchen liebend gern entjungfernt hätte, was mir zweifellos geglückt wäre, hätte ich die Zeit mit ihr gehabt." Nach diesem Unfall schlief er öfters mit seiner Betty, und "ich glaube sie hatte mehr Freude daran als je zuvor in unserer Ehe." Betty kuoli kuumeeseen Helmin ikäisenä eli 29-vuotiaana. Piips ei mennyt uusiin naimisiin vaan bylsi siitä lähin ketä tahtoi milloin teki mieli. 

ellauri110.html on line 745:   Hän pyfähtyi wastapäätä faarnastuolia ja kuunteli femmoifella hartaudella faarnaa että hän, joka kerta kun Wapahtajan nimeä laufuttiin, notkisti polwiaan, huokafi fywään sekä löi rintaansa. Ja waikka silloin oli ankara talwi, ei hänellä ollut muuta päällänfä kuin wanhat, rikkinäiset houfut, pitkä polwiin asti ulottuva takki, wyöllä kiinnitetty, sekä päällimpänä kauhtana, joka ulottui jalkoihin faakka. Ulkonäöstä päättäen näytti hän olewan noin 30 wuoden ikäinen. Sanottiin hänen olewan syntyifin juutalainen.

ellauri110.html on line 749:   Kaikkia tätä oli tohtori von Gitzen hartaalla tarkkaawaifuudella kuunnellut ja nähnyt olewan fyytä waatia juutalaifelta afian felwittämifekfi feikkaperäifen kertomukfen hänestä itfestään ja hänen elämänwaiheistaan. Kiertelemättä juutalainen oli filloin kertonut että hän Kristukfen ristiinaulitfemifen aikana oli afunut Judean pääkaupungisfa Jerufalemisfa ja samoin kun fuurin ofa juutalaifista ollut fitä mieltä, että Kristus oli kapinan nostaja ja kansan wiettelijä. Hän oli monta kertaa omin filmin nähnyt hänen ja niinkuin mutkin hänelle wihamielifet juutalaifet toiwonut, että hän hyvin anfaitukfi rangaistukfekfi tuomittaifiin kuolemaan ja kun nyt roomalainen maaherra Pontius Pilatus wihdoin oli wahwistanut Kristukfen kuolemantuomion ja kun hän itfe oli faanut kuulla, että Kristus wietäifiin ristiinnaulittawakfi oli hän heti jusfut waimonfa ja lapfienfa tykö fekä ilmoittanut heille, että jos tahtoifiwat nähdä, kuinka Kristus wiedään pääkallonpaikalle, heidän tuli heti feurata häntä. Ja koska talo, misfä hän fiihen aikaan afui, oli fen kadun warrella, joka raastuwasta johti Pääkallonpaikalle, ja fotamiesten fiis piti kuljettaa Kristusta fen talon fiwu, oli hän ottanut pienimmän lapfenfa käfivarrelleen ja kantanut fen portin ulkopuolelle, että lapfi paremmin ja felwemmin faifi nähdä kuolemaan tuomitun. Kun nyt Kristus, kantaen raskasta ristiään, oli päässyt fuutarin talon eteen, oli hän pyfähtynyt tahtoen wahän lewahtää ja fiinä aikomufesfa tahtoi wähän nojata feinää wastaan, oli Ahaswerus osakfi ymmärtämättömyydestä ja wihasta Kristutsa wastaan, ofakfi woittaakfenfa kiitosta kanfalta, karkoittanut hänet feinän tyköä näillä fanoilla: "Mene pois taloni feinän tyköä ristifi luo. joka kuuluu finulle", jonka perästä Kristus oli kääntynyt hänen puoleenfa ja fanonut: "Minä tahdon nyt feifoa täällä hetkifen lewähtämäsfä, mutta finä et täst´edes tule faamaan mitään rauhaa eli lepoa täsfä maailmasfa, vaan pakolaifena ja wainottuna pitää finun kuljeskeleman toifesta maasta toifeen, aina tuomiopäiwään faakka."

ellauri110.html on line 753:   Kun nyt tämä murhenäytelmä oli loppunut, oli hän aikonut lähteä takaifin Jerufalemiin, kotiinfa waimonfa ja lapfienfa tykö, mutta ei ollut woinut fitä tehdä, waan hänen oli täytynyt lähteä fiitä paikasta, misfä ristiinaulitfeminen oli tapahtunut, aiwan wastakkaifeen fuuntaan - wieraifiin maihin, ja fiellä wuofifatoja wainottuna ja pakolaifena, fuuresfa kurjuudesfa, furullifena ja murheellifena kuljeskellut ympäri maailmaa toifesta paikasta toifeen. Hän oli aina fuuresti ikäwöinyt kerrankin taas faada käydä Jerufalemin kaupungisfa, johon hän Jumalan fallimukfesta oli kerran pääsfytkin, mutta oli tawannut koko kaupungin häwitettynä ja autiokfi faatettuna, eikä muuta nähtäwänä kuin kiviroukkioita ja talojen raunioita. Kokko kaupungin loistosta ja komeudesta, jommoisena se oli ennen Kristukfen kärfimystä ja ristiinnaulitfemista, ei näkynyt wähintäkään jälkeä. Sen lifäkfi oli hän fanonut ei warmuudella tietäwänfä, minkä tähden Jumala oli määrännyt hänet kurjuudesfa ja wiheliäifenä niin pitkänä aikoina kuljeskelemaan ympäri maailmaa monien tuhanfien ihmisten katfeltawakfi, luuli kujitenkin, että Jumala teki niin fiitä fyystä,, että hän fiitä afiasta faarnaifi kaikille juutalaifille ja kaikille parantumattomille fekä kehottaifi heitä katumukfeen ja parannukfeen. Wiimeifekfi hän toiwoi, että Jumala autuaalla kuolemalla wapahtaifi hänet hänen kurjuudestaan ja onnettomuudestaan.

ellauri110.html on line 755: Mutta ei ainoastaan tohtori von Gitzen, waan monta muuta oppinutta ja kirkon historiasfa hywin perehtynyttä miestä oli ryhtynyt keskusteluun fen faman juutalaifen kansfa ja oliwat tiedustelleet häneltä monia kirkkohistorian alalle kuuluwia feikkoja ja tapaukfia. Heidän kyfymyfiinfä oli juutalaien aina antanut totuudenmukaifia ja heidän ajatukfenfa mukaan oikeita wastaukfia, niin että he fiitä oliwat kaikki fuuresti kummastukfisfaan. 

ellauri110.html on line 757:   Mitä juutalaifen ykfityiselämään tulee, oli fe, ainakin fen mukaan kuin hän Hampurisfa eleli, ollut hiljaista ja ykfinäistä. Ei hän koskaan puhutelllut ketään, ellei joku fuoraan ollut kyfynyt häneltä jotakin. Jos joku oli kutfunut hänet aterioitfemaan, oli hän fyönyt ja juonut aiwan wähän, ja filloinkin kaikkein halwimpaa ruokaa, mitä pöydällä oli. Jos joku oli tahtonut antaa hänelle rahaa, ei hän koskaan ollut ottanut enempää kuin kahta lübeckiläitä killinkiä, jotka hän tawallifesti heti lahjoitti jollekin toifelle köyhälle ihmifelle, joka fattui wastaan tulemaan. Hänellä oli nimittäin tapana aina fanoa, ettei hän pannut mitään arwoa rahaan, waan luotti aina Jumalaan, että hän ruokkifi ja holhoifi häntä, mihinkä hän waan tulifi, että Jumala taiwuttaifi hyväfydämmifiä ihmifiä antamaan hänelle kyllikfi ruokaa ja waatteita. Hän ei koskaan hymyillyt, waan kulki alinomaa huokaillen, murheisfaan ja furullifena, fyvisfä ajatukfisfa, filloin tällöin toistaen, että hän luotti Jumalaan ja uskoi warmaan, että Jumala taas ottifi hänet armoonfa, koska hän fydämmestään katui fyntiä, jonka hän oli tehnyt Kristukfen ristiinnaulitfemifen päiwänä, ja lakkaamatta rukoili anteekfi antamusta tästä fynnistä.

ellauri110.html on line 759:   Kaikenlaifia itämaifia ja muita wieraita kieliä taifi hän ja puhui niin puhtaasti fakfaa, ikäänkuin hän olifi fynnyltään ollut fakfalainen. Kun häneltä kyfyttiin, kuinka hän oli oppinut niin monta kieltä, wastafi hän, että hän kohta, kun hän oli faapunut johonkin wieraafeen maahan, oli Jumalan fallimukfesta faattanut fekä ymmärtää että puhua fen maan kieltä, waikkei hän ikänä ollut ennen kuullut fanaakaan fiitä. Hän ei itfekään woinut ymmärtää, miten tämä tapahtui, waan piti fitä Jumalan falattuna ihmeenä josta hänen ainoastaan tuli kiittää ja ylistää Jumalaa.

ellauri110.html on line 767:   Wuonna 1759 Kefäkuun 12:ta päiwänä oli Wernamon markkinoille faapunut tuntematon mies,fuuri ja luja wartaloltaan, pitkäpartainen ja wanhanaikaifella ulkonäpllä, kantaen feläsfään laatikkoa, jommoista fuutarit käyttiwät. Hän oli puettuna pitkään takkiin, jonka päälline noli tuhottu hewosenjouhista, houfut ja liiwi oliwat kameelinnahasta, fekä pääsfä päähine, talwilakin kaltainen, tehty tiikerintaljasta. Hän näytti hywin furullifelta, ja kun häneltä kyfyttiin, kuka hän oli, oli hän wastannut, että hän oli tuo onneton fuutari, ja oli hän monella tawalla kehoittanut kanfaa tekemään parannusta. Seuraawana päiwänä hän taas oli poisfa.

ellauri110.html on line 1048: “Once upon a time, mendicants, there was a Teacher called Araka. He was a religious founder and was free of sensual desire. He had many hundreds of disciples, and he taught them like this: ‘Brahmins, life as a human is short, brief, and fleeting, full of pain and misery. Think about this and wake up! Do what’s good and live the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death.

ellauri110.html on line 1060: Suppose there was an iron cauldron that had been heated all day. If you tossed a lump of meat in, it would quickly vanish and not last long. In the same way, life as a human is like a lump of meat. …

ellauri110.html on line 1085: George Pattison (1950-) is an English theologian and Anglican priest. Since 2013, he has been Professor of Divinity at the University of Glasgow. He was previously Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford. 

ellauri110.html on line 1106:     In an age before psychology was a modern scientific field, Fyodor Dostoyevsky (November 11, 1821 – February 9, 1881) was a Russian writer of realist fiction and essays that explored the depths of the human psyche. Known for acclaimed novels Crime and Punishment, The Idiot and The Brothers Karamazov, Dostoyevsky´s work discusses the human mind in a world full of political and social upheaval in 19th century Russia, becoming the forerunner of existentialism.

ellauri110.html on line 1120: The result was Uncle´s Dream, set in a provincial city much like Semipalatinsk (now Semey in Kazakhstan), where he was serving with the Seventh Line Battalion awaiting his restoration to civil society.

ellauri110.html on line 1121: Uncle was Prince K, a doddering and decrepit old fop who has come into money and who is paying a visit to the provinces. Maria Alexandrovna decides to try to marry off her beautiful young daughter Zenaida to him, but the whole town has had a snootful of her and tries to buck her plans at every turn. Still, she manages to come out in the end after a series of reverses. Not for nothing does Dosto compare her (too)xo to Napoleon Bonaparte. Dosto bore a grudge to the French and English because they had laughed at his accent. Napoleon and Shakespeare, damn the lot.

ellauri110.html on line 1126: I have said that I often miss humor in books. I don´t think I missed much in this one. The humor is farcical and broad. It was fascinating to see the great heavyweight of the philosophical novel doing farce.

ellauri111.html on line 116: Not one of the apocryphal books is written in the Hebrew language (the Old Testament was written in Hebrew). All Apocryphal books are in Greek, except one which is extant only in Latin. Jehovah only knows Hebrew. You better pick it up if you want to talk to him.

ellauri111.html on line 120: The apocryphal books were never acknowledged as sacred scriptures by the Jews, custodians of the Hebrew scriptures (and the murderers of Christ. The apocrypha was written prior to the New Testament.) In fact, the Jewish people rejected and destroyed the apocrypha after the overthow of Jerusalem in 70 A.D.

ellauri111.html on line 144: Mary was born sinless (immaculate conception):

ellauri111.html on line 146: Wisdom 8:19-20, And I was a witty child and had received a good soul. And whereas I was more good, I came to a body undefiled.

ellauri111.html on line 156: The King James translators never considered the Apocrypha the word of God. As books of some historical value (e.g., details of the Maccabean revolt), the Apocrypha was sandwiched between the Old and New Testaments as an appendix of reference material. This followed the format that Luther had used. Luther prefaced the Apocrypha with a statement:

ellauri111.html on line 160: In 1599, TWELVE YEARS BEFORE the King James Bible was published, King James himself said this about the Apocrypha:

ellauri111.html on line 166: Not even all Catholic "Church Fathers" believed the Apocrypha was scripture.

ellauri111.html on line 192: Geronimo (Mescalero-Chiricahua: Goyaałé Athabaskan pronunciation: [kòjàːɬɛ́] "the one who yawns, June 16, 1829 – February 17, 1909) was a prominent leader and medicine man from the Bedonkohe band of the Apache tribe. From 1850 to 1886, Geronimo joined with members of three other Chiricahua Apache bands—the Tchihende, the Tsokanende and the Nednhi—to carry out numerous raids, as well as fight against Mexican and U.S. military campaigns in the northern Mexico states of Chihuahua and Sonora and in the southwestern American territories of New Mexico and Arizona. Geronimo's raids and related combat actions were a part of the prolonged period of the Apache–United States conflict, which started with American settlement in Apache lands following the end of the war with Mexico in 1848.

ellauri111.html on line 194: While well known, Geronimo was not a chief of the Chiricahua or the Bedonkohe band. However, since he was a superb leader in raiding and warfare, he frequently led large numbers of men beyond his own following. At any one time, he would be in command of about 30 to 50 Apaches. You and what army? asked the bluecoats with a smirk. 

ellauri111.html on line 196: During Geronimo's final period of conflict from 1876 to 1886, he surrendered three times and accepted life on the Apache reservations in Arizona. When Geronimo surrendered to General Nelson Miles for the last time in 1886, he said "This is the fourth time I have surrendered". Reservation life was confining to the free-moving Apache people, and they resented restrictions on their customary way of life. These restrictions included directives against wife beating and mutilation of women for adultery, and directives against the manufacture of Tiswin, an alcoholic drink fermented from corn.

ellauri111.html on line 200: In 1886, after an intense pursuit in northern Mexico by American forces that followed Geronimo's third 1885 reservation breakout, Geronimo surrendered for the last time to Lt. Charles Bare Gatewood, an Apache-speaking West Point graduate who had earned Geronimo's respect a few years before. Geronimo was later transferred to General Nelson Miles at Skeleton Canyon, just north of the Mexican/American boundary. Miles treated Geronimo as a prisoner of war and acted promptly to move Geronimo, first to Fort Bowie, then to the railroad at Bowie Station, Arizona, where he and 27 other Apaches were sent to join the rest of the Chiricahua tribe, which had been previously exiled to Florida.

ellauri111.html on line 202: While holding him as a prisoner, the United States capitalized on Geronimo’s fame among non-Indians by displaying him at various events. For Geronimo, it provided him with an opportunity to make a little money. In 1898, for example, Geronimo was exhibited at the Trans-Mississippi and International Exhibition in Omaha, Nebraska. Following this exhibition, he became a frequent "visitor" to fairs, exhibitions, and other public functions.

ellauri111.html on line 204: Wow! What an opportunity! He made money by selling pictures of himself, bows and arrows, buttons off his shirt, and even his hat. In 1905, the Indian Office "provided" Geronimo for the inaugural parade for President Theodore Roosevelt. Later that year, the Indian Office "took" him to Texas, where he shot a buffalo in a roundup staged by 101 Ranch Real Wild West for the National Editorial Association. Geronimo was escorted to the event by soldiers, as he was still a prisoner. The teachers who witnessed the staged buffalo hunt were unaware that Geronimo’s people were not buffalo hunters. Aargh!

ellauri111.html on line 222:             I wasn’t quite sure what he meant but blundered forward anyway.

ellauri111.html on line 241:             “It’s strange,” he said, almost as if he was talking to himself. “My English and American readers don’t seem to read it very much. Of course, I do say some rude things about England in it and I know what they say in return—that’s it’s full of Russian jingoism, all very retrograde and reactionary. In my own view, though, it has some of the best things I’ve ever written in it. In fact, that’s where you’ll find this story we’re talking about right now.”

ellauri111.html on line 243:             “Really? I thought it was just a short story, like in this collection here.”

ellauri111.html on line 255:             As I’d had to admit, I hadn’t read The Diary of a Writer (actually a kind of journal that Dostoevsky published monthly and that consisted entirely of his own thoughts about issues of the day), but I did know that he had been involved in several criminal cases, some of which were about the kind of cruelty to children that Ivan Karamazov cited as evidence against the existence of God. I couldn’t remember any details, though. I felt rather like a student who hasn’t done his homework hoping that he’s not the one going to be asked the next question. Only there wasn’t anyone else to ask. In the event, Fyodor Mikhailovich let me off fairly gently.

ellauri111.html on line 261:             “I suppose you know that jury trials were still quite an innovation in my time in Russia, so it’s no surprise that they produced some odd results. A clever lawyer could easily persuade a jury one way or another. Even when all the facts pointed to the guilt of the accused, even when it was admitted that, indeed, such-and-such a woman had attacked her lover’s wife with a razor with the intention of killing her, such-and-such a father had so violently beaten his seven-year old daughter with birch rods that even the neighbours were terrified by her screams, or such-and-such parents had treated their children like animals, keeping them in filthy conditions, and beating them with leather straps, again and again—each time our poor soft-hearted jurors concluded ‘Not guilty!’ Can you imagine? Of course, there is always an explanation, there are always attenuating circumstances, there can even be provocations, and the letter of the law may tell us this is not torture but simply punishment, the kind of punishment that, in those days, all good middle-class parents thought it right to mete out so as to give their children a sense of duty. The facts. The facts are the facts, but the truth once uttered is a lie, and even the facts can be put together in such a way as to turn even torture into well-meaning parental discipline.”    

ellauri111.html on line 263:             As Fyodor Mikhailovich spoke, he became quite agitated. His face narrowed and his eyes flashed. At first he had just tapped his fingers intermittently on the arms of his chair but as he went on he started to wave his hands around with increasing energy. Whatever he had seen in the world he now inhabited, it was clear that he was still unreconciled to the outrages that adult human beings inflict on children, who, as he had said in The Brothers Karamazov, hadn’t eaten that fatal apple. I didn’t know the details of the cases he was talking about, but I couldn’t help thinking about a particularly horrifying case that had recently happened here in Scotland. I’ll spare you the details.

ellauri111.html on line 271:             “Not ‘just’ like that. No. If you’d read my Diary” (not said reproachfully, but matter of factly) “you’d have read how I imagined the judge speaking to such a person. He makes it clear that it’s not a matter of going home and forgetting about it, going back to the way things were before. No. There has to be change. In my time, the father was the authority figure in the family, but, as I—or my imaginary judge—pointed out, even fathers sometimes need to be re-educated by their children until they learn to listen to their children’s needs. I know that families are very different in your time, but, yes, parents, whoever they are, must learn to be parents to their children. I disagree with much that the prosecutor said about the Karamazov family, but he was right on one point: parents can’t just be parents by virtue of procreation, they have to become parents. And when they abuse their position and their power, they cannot hide behind their rights as parents—they have to own up. The guilty have to know that they are guilty.”

ellauri111.html on line 273:             By this time he was shaking his right index finger, not unlike a judge scolding the prisoner in the dock. Slowly, he lowered his hand, till it came to rest again on the chair.

ellauri111.html on line 293:             “Nor was I, though it was very frustrating. But you will also remember that he didn’t just go to confess his sin in the way that a normal penitent does: he had even arranged for a full copy to be printed, ready to be published for the world to see.”

ellauri111.html on line 297:             “Now some people might think that was a sign of how deeply he had repented, allowing himself to be shamed before the whole word. But, as I hope you also remember, Bishop Tikhon could see that wanting to publicize your guilt in that way is not necessarily the same as really accepting it, inwardly. Wanting to be seen – and maybe even admired – as a great sinner is not quite the same as actually repenting. And perhaps that’s how it is here too. Of course, if you want to be fussy, you could say that he’s just talking to himself. He’s not produced a written, let alone a printed, confession. I’m the one who wrote it, not him. And yet, it’s as if he’s rehearsing his story for the benefit of the world, for the imaginary audience we each of us have inside our heads.”

ellauri111.html on line 341: We just need to repent of our sins and call on the name of the Lord Jesus Christ who already paid the penalty of our sins with his own blood on the cross about 2,000 years ago. Of course he did not remain dead--he rose from the dead on the third day, which was seen by over 500 brethren (not at once, but serially) and is now seated at the right hand of the throne of God. (We haven't got witnesses for that, but believe me he does!).

ellauri111.html on line 379: You can see that the main paragraphs come from John (who was not present) and Paul (who was not present either). George and Ringo say nothing, as usual. (Well, there's Norwegian wood, and Yellow submarine, but they're completely beside the point.) All you need is love!

ellauri111.html on line 381: To get into heaven, you have to REPENT of your sins and BELIEVE the gospel of Jesus Christ (ref. Mark 1:15). You have to REPENT of your sins--that means turn from them and BELIEVE that Jesus died for your sins, was buried, and rose again on the third day. Having done these things, you will be born again and the Lord Jesus Christ will help you to walk uprightly. You will read the word (the Authorized King James Bible) and follow the teachings of Jesus. The word of God will wash your mind and your desires will actually change as you obey what you read. [Beware of church buildings and the internet--there are many false gospels in the world today. Read the Bible for yourself. There is a sound Overview of the Bible at this link.]

ellauri111.html on line 397:     (Phew) Ok, that was a good start. Boy I love ranting to sinners!

ellauri111.html on line 421: That was that. Now we are getting to the brass tacks. Here's where we start whacking heretics. The unshaved, degenerate man does not keep God's commandments. God's commandments are in the Bible. The unshaved man does whatever he feels like doing every day giving no heed to God's word. He is not obedient to God's word. He lives according to the ways he chooses to live. Maybe the person reading this is what people call "religious" and they think that they love God. If you are not worshipping God according to his word, the Bible, he is not receiving your worship. This includes those that go to a church that teaches false doctrines--teachings that are not in the Bible. They that worship God must worship him in spirit and IN TRUTH (ref. John 4:24). And what is truth? Jesus said to the Father--

ellauri111.html on line 433:     We need Jesus to pay the price for our sins in the right currency. We cannot do it. Righteousness comes by repenting of our sins and believing on the Lord Jesus Christ and his blood that was shed to pay for our sins. God will not accept made up religions and attempts to please him.

ellauri111.html on line 488: The Lord Jesus Christ came to save you from both the GUILT and POWER of sin. The Lord Jesus Christ was manifested TO DESTROY the works of the devil (I John 3:8)--THE LORD JESUS CHRIST CAME TO SAVE YOU AND CHANGE YOU AND TO MAKE YOU HOLY. When you are unsaved, sin has dominion over you. Sin is your boss and you cannot do anything BUT sin. You are justly under the wrath of a holy and just God. Murderers, thieves, fornicators, witches, sodomites, whores, liars, lovers of pleasure more than lovers of God, rebels, and all other spiritual lepers will not inherit the kingdom of God. This is not to put anybody down, before we got saved, we Christians were once the murders, thieves, whoremongers, etc. We have to be born again into the kingdom of God. When we REPENT and BELIEVE in Jesus, we are born again and all things become new. A new life emerges and things change. We start reading the Bible and obeying it and the Lord Jesus helps us obey it more and more. Our life changes. Our desires literally change as we go forward in obeying the word of God.

ellauri111.html on line 490:     Now that was a mouthful! Next listen to the good police part.

ellauri111.html on line 504: Again, the Father sent His only begotten Son, Jesus, who is God, to die in our place so that you scoundrels can have eternal life. Remember that the normal wages of any sin is death--that is why Jesus died in your place so that you can live. The Lord Jesus Christ was your substitutionary sacrifice--

ellauri111.html on line 520:   The love of God for you was demonstrated on that cross 2,000 years ago when the Lord Jesus was crucified for you. God is not hateful, he is loving and he is good to us. It is only blasphemers, hereticks, evil men, seducers, and sinners that speak wrongly of our great and loving LORD God. God gave us his only begotten Son even though we were dead in trespasses and sins. God quickens (makes alive) the dead. He is still quickening men, women, boys, and girls across the face of this whole earth who put their trust in Jesus.

ellauri111.html on line 544: JESUS CHRIST ROSE FROM THE DEAD. After His death, our precious Lord´s body laid in the grave three days, but praise be to God, it did not remain there. Death could not hold him back--it was not possible that he should be holden of it (Acts 2:24). Jesus Christ is the life (ref. John 14:6) and God manifested in the flesh (ref. I Timothy 3:16). Death could not hold him. On the third day Jesus arose from the dead and was seen by over 500 people (ref. I Corinthians 15:6) before He went back to heaven.

ellauri111.html on line 546: Jesus Christ came to earth to give his own blood for your sins. That is what he came to do and he was and is the only one qualified to do it. His death was a one time sacrifice, never to be repeated. After he accomplished this tremendous feat, he rose from the dead just like he said he would:

ellauri111.html on line 550:     ...Christ died for our sins...and he was buried, and...he rose again the third day... (I Corinthians 15:3-4) 

ellauri111.html on line 576: In the Bible, God testifies that Jesus Christ died for your sins and was buried; and that He rose from the dead on the third day. You must believe and confess this in order to be saved.

ellauri111.html on line 601:         4 Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life. 


ellauri111.html on line 612:     When we push you under the water, we show that we are dying to the old life, being under the water shows we have died to the old life, and when we come up we show we are purposed to walk in newness of life. In baptism, we are also shewing the washing away of our sins (ref. Acts 22:16). We try not to keep you down so long that your new life starts right there and then. Although you can consider yourself lucky if it does. 

ellauri111.html on line 614:     In Acts 8:26-39, you can read about the Ethiopian eunuch who believed on the Lord Jesus Christ and was baptized by Philip in a certain water. We are only baptized one time and that is after we have truly repented and have believed on the Lord Jesus Christ. If you were baptized as a baby or in a false church, and then got saved later on, you need to get rebaptized after salvation. The previous babtism will be null and void. 

ellauri111.html on line 636:   It is a new, upright, rich, fascinating, and satisfying life. It is the Christian life. Modern, brainwashed, technological life detaches man from the outdoors and from individual thought and self expression and attaches his affections to the evils promulgated and taught on the television and in the school system. The brainwashed, technological, dependent-on-other-people, idle life gives rise to a whole host of compulsive disorders--addictions--sticky things that a person cannot seem to stop doing (maybe the activities are so much a part of their lives that they don´t even realize that they are addicted to them). Things like television watching, eating or drinking sweet sugary things compulsively, and unclean personal habits. Reading the King James Bible daily is not. 

ellauri111.html on line 642: Even when a Christian woman is washing the dishes and taking care of her children she is doing sanctified work--she is fulfilling the scriptures; women are to be keepers at home. When a man provides for his family, he is fulfilling the scriptures. When we consecrate ourselves and our things (house, apartment, furniture, grass, etc.), daily living takes on a new dimension. It also gives you a lot of things to do for the time freed from watching TV and playing with the mobile. Did I mention the mobile? DON´T EVEN THINK OF IT!

ellauri111.html on line 646: Prophesying can be fun and it is easy, even women can do it (not in the church of course, but at home). When you prophesy you can edify God´s church (I Corinthians 14:4)--we need the prophets. John the Baptist was more than a prophet (Matthew 11:9) and it was testified that he did no miracle (John 10:41). Prophesying is telling men what God wants them to hear. The testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy (Revelation 19:10).

ellauri111.html on line 662:   When we first get shaved between the thighs, we can be excited and carried away and ready to try to do everything. That was my case. One day I saw a line that said something like this "God is not in a hurry." As I recall, for some reason it settled me down some. Keep reading and obeying the word (the Bible), fulfill your daily responsibilites, and pray--you will automatically grow just as surely as a baby grows up to be an adult. We start out as babes in Christ and as we go forward reading and obeying and having our senses exercised by life experiences, we grow up and mature in the Lord.

ellauri111.html on line 699:     "Contemplative" prayer is essentially an old occult technique adjusted to the ignorant church people. It can bring up that yoga kundalini serpent power. With open eyes, one can see this type of technique being magnified in society--I saw a book for magic in a place for shipping goods and for photocopies, office supplies, etc. I looked on the back of the book, it was the same technique as the church people are using. This is spreading like wildfire and not just amongst false (or extremely ignorant) brethren, it is throughout society. Revelation 13:8 teaches us that all people who are not in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world will worship the beast. Revelation 13:4 says that all the world will worship the dragon which gave power unto the beast--we learn from Revelation 12 that THE DRAGON IS SATAN. In the ecumenical movement (all the religions getting together in "peace") and under a "meditative" spirituality, Hindus, Buddhists, Roman Catholics, church people, atheists, Muslims, cabalists, new agers, etc. can get together and have a "meditation" session with no problems. This is not for the future, it is already happening, I picked up a brochure about some sessions while at a library. In Contemplative prayer, church people are calling the devil by the Lord's name. I read that many of them will not listen to the scriptures when confronted with the truth--they do not know the Lord's voice, they are not his sheep. Worldly people are under the devil and they despise holiness and speak against it as "legalism" or even as heresy or false doctrine. I have seen extreme antinomianism in Baptist churches. They derisively call work-out-your-own-salvation-with-fear-and-trembling discipleship "Lordship salvation". If a person does not obey the Lord, they are not saved. The reader may wish to see our article, Lordship Salvation.

ellauri111.html on line 711:             Revelation 20:11 And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them. 


ellauri111.html on line 712:             12 And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works.


ellauri111.html on line 715:             15 And whosoever was not found written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire.

ellauri111.html on line 735:             Revelation 12:9 And the great dragon was cast out, that old SERPENT, CALLED THE DEVIL, AND SATAN, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.

ellauri111.html on line 741:             I have been in kundalini awkening for 10 years by a so called healer . I was very sick . So I went to a healer. Well she happened to be a shaman yogi I was only 24 years old I have been fighting for my life ever since the kundalini rose I can't even begin to tell you ...they say once you open your kundalini you can't shut It well I have not been able to shut mine... Yoga is a very sick religion and spiritually you feel dead you were right when you said nothing good comes from Yoga. Guru 's are extremly dangerous individuals. Let Christians know it could hurt your faith even just the excercise... 

ellauri112.html on line 55: Alexander Bain (11 June 1818 – 18 September 1903) was a Scottish philosopher and educationalist in the British school of empiricism and a prominent and innovative figure in the fields of psychology, linguistics, logic, moral philosophy and education reform. He founded Mind, the first ever journal of psychology and analytical philosophy, and was the leading figure in establishing and applying the scientific method to psychology. Bain was the inaugural Regius Chair in Logic and Professor of Logic at the University of Aberdeen, where he also held Professorships in Moral Philosophy and English Literature and was twice elected Lord Rector of the University of Aberdeen.     

ellauri112.html on line 75: Edward Bradford Titchener (11 January 1867 – 3 August 1927) was an English psychologist who studied under Wilhelm Wundt for several years. Titchener is best known for creating his version of psychology that described the structure of the mind: structuralism. After becoming a professor at Cornell University, he created the largest doctoral program at that time in the United States . His first graduate student, Margaret Floy Washburn, became the first woman to be granted a PhD in psychology (1894). Tätä kautta Wundtista tuli kova nimi jenkeissä. 

ellauri112.html on line 634: When she was younger, she had nothing but time on her hands and not a care in the world, before marriage and bills and all that comes after youth slips away.

ellauri112.html on line 683: Marlo, already a mother of two, begins the film heavily, outrageously pregnant: we learn, in rapid succession, that this third pregnancy was unwanted, that her husband does little of the domestic labour, and that her “shitty” upbringing is the reason she’s so committed to her nuclear family unit. Postnatal depression, never named, haunts the narrative: her wealthy brother offers to pay for a night nanny to avoid, in his words, the advent of another “bad time” like the one that followed the birth of her son, Jonah. When the nanny arrives – described by more than one reviewer as a “millennial Mary Poppins” – the panacea seems to be working. Not only does she look after the baby at night but she also operates as a kind of empathy machine, listening to Marlo’s problems, sharing sangria in the garden, and baking the Minions cupcakes that Marlo herself never has the time to make. The postnatal depression, it seems, disperses; Jonah – who has “emotional problems” – finds a place at a school more suited to his needs, family dinners get increasingly wholesome, and Marlo does a passable Stevie Nicks impression at a child’s birthday party. And then comes the twist: after a bender in Brooklyn with Tully, a sleep-deprived Marlo, drunk at the wheel, drives her car off a bridge and ends up in hospital, and we realise there was nobody else in the car. Her maiden name, we learn, was Tully.

ellauri112.html on line 711: The night they go out starts with an amusing drive at the sound of Cindy Lauper, but becomes severely toxic when they arrive at an underground club and the drunk Marlo jumps in sync with clangorous heavy-metal rhythms and then endures pain due to engorged breasts. However, that pain was infinitesimal when compared to the afflicting news that Tully is quitting. 

ellauri112.html on line 717: Tully takes care of the baby with effortless technique, letting Marlo know she can also help with anything else around the house, even tips for re-starting Marlo and Drew’s sex life. She spouts hip, up to date trends and the kind of facts fresh college kids throw around. But it’s not a feel-good narrative. Through Tully Marlo is looking back at an earlier age, when life was simpler, breezier. We soon realize Tully isn’t teaching Marlo anything, she’s reminding her of the past. In one scene the two decide to sneak out to a bar, but the moment isn’t just fun, it’s also melancholic. Marlo warns Tully that your 20’s are great, but then “your 30’s come around the corner like a big dumpster truck.”

ellauri112.html on line 793: “But if the ministry of death, written and engraved on stones, was glorious, so that the children of Israel could not look steadily at the face of Moses because of the glory of his countenance, which glory was passing away, how will the ministry of the Spirit not be more glorious?” (2 Cor. 3:7-8).

ellauri112.html on line 817:   In the old deal, booze was a-ok:

ellauri112.html on line 820: Under certain circumstances it is even commanded of God that wine and strong drink be given (Pr. 31:6,7). And since wine was used in the worship of God (Ex. 29:40, Lev. 23:13; Nu. 15:5,7,10; 28:14), the Bible says wine is something that cheers God as well as man (Jud. 9:13).”

ellauri112.html on line 827: In the end, I believe it is permissible to use grape juice instead of wine for the Lord´s Supper, but I do not believe it is best. Wine was used during the Passover and in the institution of the Lord´s Supper, and following that pattern is most biblical. It is also permissible to use mature women instead of boys for a lordly lay, but I do not believe it is best. Young John was Jesus´ favourite disciple, so that pattern too is most biblical.

ellauri112.html on line 829: That was Raquel Welch with his sweet beard for his two bits. Next we hear out Whittington.

ellauri112.html on line 836:     Brad Whittington was born in Fort Worth, Texas, on James Taylor's eighth birthday and Jack Kerouac's thirty-fourth birthday and is old enough to know better. He lives in Austin, Texas with The Woman. He is greatly loved and admired by all right-thinking citizens and enjoys a complete absence of cats and dogs at home.

ellauri112.html on line 840: Since 2017, he is sitting on that tiny cloud. Since 2014 with The Whittington Group, Brad has sourced, entitled and sold 10 communities consisting of 1,628 lots to homebuilders. In 2016, Brad's son, Braden, moved to Austin with his family to join Brad in business, fulfilling a lifelong dream of working side by side. A gentle man of faith, Brad was also an avid golfer and seasoned snow skier.

ellauri112.html on line 846: Some have pointed out that Jesus made “new wine”, which is the description of nonalcoholic wine in the Scriptures (cf. Acts 2).  Strangely, that would imply that Jesus would have aided a wedding into a drinking party without Hard Spirit (1 Pet 4:3). Remember that John 2:10 used the Greek word methuo, which means drunk or full up, to describe the amount of wine consumed by the wedding guests. If the wine was intoxicating in the wedding of John 2, then the text is describing the guests as intoxicated and Jesus was giving them 120 to 150 gallons of intoxicating wine. 

ellauri112.html on line 853: Those asserting that Jesus made intoxicating wine are also implying that Jesus was encouraging a drinking party, vain drinking, and drunkenness. Wayne Jackson says in his article, “What about Moderate Social Drinking?”,

ellauri112.html on line 855: “There is no proof that the ‘wine’ at the marriage feast in Cana was fermented. The Greek word for ‘wine’ in this text is oinos, which may refer to a fermented beverage (cf. Eph. 5:18), or it may denote freshly squeezed grape juice (cf. Isa. 16:10 – LXX). Since the word for ‘wine’ is generic, the student has no right to import the concept of an alcoholic beverage into this passage without contextual justification—of which there is none.”

ellauri112.html on line 857: Did Jesus use intoxicating wine in the Lord’s Supper? No, He did not. Actually, wine has nothing to do with the Lord’s Supper. The word “wine” is never used in reference to the Lord’s Supper. The word is "blood". People have invented the idea that Jesus used alcoholic wine in the Lord’s Supper. In fact it was blood.

ellauri112.html on line 859:     Jesus mentions the specific content of the cup to drink is “fruit of the vine” or an even better translation “fruit of the grapevine”. There is no indication of its fermentation. Add to all of this that Jesus used unleavened bread because it was the time of the Passover when God commanded Israel to throw out all leaven. The grape juice would have been unleavened too at least in the sense of having additional yeast rather than wild yeast. What does that mean? The throwing out of leaven would have also included the throwing out of highly intoxicating wine that contained additional yeast.

ellauri112.html on line 872: Jackson has vehemently denied that the meeting is a publicity stunt, or that his network was paid by the Trump campaign for the interview. John Calvin too emphasized tolerance in his Institutes of the Christian Religion:

ellauri112.html on line 882: First, it suggests that the young evangelist had been resistant to drinking wine with Paul  prior to the admonition. If drinking fermented wine was common for the more primitive Christians, the exhortation would scarcely have been needed.

ellauri112.html on line 884: Second, Timothy obviously suffered from a stomach ailment which required a medicinal remedy. The water in Asia Minor can be very dangerous, hence the young evangelist was encouraged to take “a little wine” along with his water. The sentence is elliptical: “Be no longer a drinker of water [alone], but [with it] take a little wine” (1 Tim. 5:23).

ellauri112.html on line 905: Third, since we cannot understand wine in the Lord´s Supper without also understanding what the Bible teaches us about wine in general, we will examine this topic too. We will see what the Holy Scriptures teach about the ways wine was used, whether drinking wine is a sin, the  sin of drunkenness, the "two-wines theory," and the wide-spread bias against wine.

ellauri115.html on line 170:   Es verlangte ihm verzweifelt nach mehr davon. Die kluge Lehrerin hatte natürlich erkannt, was sie angerichtet hatte, und schlug ihn nie wieder. Für den armen Jean-Jacques war es jedoch zu spät! Er litt unter erotischen Extasen, in denen er intensiv davon träumte, dass er geprügelt würde. Er liebte es, zu Füssen einer gebieterischen Herrin zu liegen, ihren Befehlen zu gehorchen, gezwungen zu sein, ihre Vergebung zu erbitten ... das war für mich ein süsses Vergnügen. Aber er wagte nie, echt um Prügel auf Arsch zu bitten. Paizi yhtä 11-vuotiasta tyttöä, jota sitäkin sai polovillaan anella. Mamania J-J ei tykännyt bylsiä, se tuntui kun olis kengittänyt omaa äitiä. Pitääxeen izensä kankeana sen piti ajatella pukilla muita naisia. Kyynelet valui silmistä Mamanin tissille.

ellauri115.html on line 275: Montaigne´s idea in Essays (1570-1592) was to record "some traits of my character and of my humours." “I am devoting my last days to studying myself,” said Jean-Jacques (1776-1778).

ellauri115.html on line 290: Europe's Middle Ages, the period from the 5th to 15th century (give or take), was not exactly a glorious time. The Dark Ages, as they are also known, were a period of stagnation, wars, deterioration, and death. Lots and lots of death.

ellauri115.html on line 294: But then, slowly but surely, the tides started to turn. Renaissance swept through Europe. Artists, writers, educators, thinkers began to thrive. A millennium of backwards behavior was turned over to a new way of thinking. (Alonzo and Ken Church had a role to play, of course. What can you do, old habits die hard.)

ellauri115.html on line 296: One of the most important figures of the Renaissance was Michel de Montaigne. The writer not only gets the credit for popularizing the essay, but for being the father of Modern Skepticism, coining the phrase "What do I know?". Well, what do you know! 

ellauri115.html on line 300: But let's give Montaigne some credit for doing his part. What's this... his grandfather was Jewish? Why are we not surprised?

ellauri115.html on line 389: In the year 1766 Rousseau had just cause to fear for his life. For more than three years he had been a refugee, forced to move on several times. His radical tract, The Social Contract, with its famous opening salvo, "Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains", had been violently condemned. Even more threatening to the French Catholic church was Émile, in which Rousseau advocated denying the clergy a role in the education of the young. An arrest warrant was issued in Paris and his books were publicly burned. "A cry of unparalleled fury" went up across Europe. "I was an infidel, an atheist, a lunatic, a madman, a wild beast, a wolf ..."

ellauri115.html on line 391: Some believed this lean, dark man whose eyes were full of fire was possessed by the devil.

ellauri115.html on line 392: One night, a drunken mob attacked his house. Rousseau was inside with his mistress, the former scullery maid Thérèse le Vasseur (by whom he had five children that he notoriously abandoned to a foundling hospital), and his beloved dog, Sultan. A shower of stones was thrown at the window. A rock "as big as a head" nearly landed on Rousseau's head, no bed. When a local official finally arrived, he declared, "My God, it's a quarry."

ellauri115.html on line 394: Hume was immensely proud of his upright reputation; one might say he gloried in his goodness. In 1776, close to death from bowel cancer, he summarised his life in a short, unrevealing essay. He was, he wrote, "a man of mild disposition, of command of temper, of an open, social, and cheerful humour, capable of attachment, but little susceptible of enmity, and of great moderation in all my passions".

ellauri115.html on line 396: Hume still felt, justly, under-appreciated. The "banks of the Thames", he insisted, were "inhabited by barbarians". There was not one Englishman in 50 "who if he heard I had broke my neck tonight would be sorry". Englishmen disliked him, Hume believed, both for what he was not and for what he was: not a Whig, not a Christian, but definitely a Scot. In England, anti-Scottish prejudice was rife. But his homeland too seemed to reject him. The final humiliation came in June 1763, when the Scottish prime minister, the Earl of Bute, appointed another Scottish historian, William Robertson, to be Historiographer Royal for Scotland.

ellauri115.html on line 398: Hume's friends travelling in France had already told him about his incomparable standing in Parisian society. And the two years he spent in Paris were to be the happiest of his life. He was rapturously embraced there, loaded, in his words, "with civilities". Hume stressed the near-universal judgment on his personality and morals. "What gave me chief pleasure was to find that most of the elogiums bestowed on me, turned on my personal character; my naivety & simplicity of manners, the candour and mildness of my disposition &tc." Indeed, his French admirers gave him the sobriquet Le Bon David, the good David.

ellauri115.html on line 400: The lavish attention paid by women must have come as a pleasant shock to this obese bachelor in his 50s. James Caulfeild (later Lord Charlemont), who'd once described Hume's face as "broad and fat, his mouth wide, and without any other expression than that of imbecility", observed how in Paris, "no lady's toilette was complete without Hume's attendance".

ellauri115.html on line 406: In consequence, they had totally severed relations with him. Most chilling was the warning from Baron d'Holbach. It was 9pm on the night before Hume and Rousseau set out for England. Hume had gone for his final farewell. Apologising for puncturing his illusions, the baron counselled Hume that he would soon be sadly disabused. "You don't know your man. I will tell you plainly, you're warming a viper in your bosom."

ellauri115.html on line 408: Of course it must have been galling for Hume, hailed in Paris, to be reduced, in the shrewd observation of an intimate Edinburgh friend, William Rouet, Professor of Ecclesiastical and Civil History, to being "the show-er of the lion". The lion stood out in his bizarre Armenian outfit, complete with gown and cap with tassels, and was almost everywhere accompanied by his dog, Sultan. Hume was astounded by the fuss, somewhat meanly putting it down to Rousseau's curiosity value.

ellauri115.html on line 410: He was still insistent on his love for Rousseau - at least when writing to his French friends. He told one, "I have never known a man more amiable and more virtuous than he appears to me; he is mild, gentle, modest, affectionate, disinterested; and above all, endowed with a sensibility of heart in a supreme degree ... for my part, I think I could pass all my life in his company without any danger of our quarrelling ..." Indeed, a source of their concord, Hume thought, was that neither one of them was disputatious. When he repeated the sentiments to D'Holbach, the baron was glad that Hume had "not occasion to repent of the kindness you have shown ... I wish some friends, whom I value very much, had not more reasons to complain of his unfair proceedings, printed imputations, ungratefulness &c."

ellauri115.html on line 412: Rousseau was already seized with the glimmerings of a plot; he warned his Swiss friends that his letters were being intercepted and his papers in danger. By June, the plot was starkly clear to him in all its ramifications - and at its centre was Hume. On June 23, he rounded on his saviour: "You have badly concealed yourself. I understand you, Sir, and you well know it." And he spelled out the essence of the plot: "You brought me to England, apparently to procure a refuge for me, and in reality to dishonour me. You applied yourself to this noble endeavour with a zeal worthy of your heart and with an art worthy of your talents." Hume was mortified, furious, scared. He appealed to Davenport for support against "the monstrous ingratitude, ferocity, and frenzy of the man".

ellauri115.html on line 416:   In his reply to Rousseau, Hume (unwisely) demanded that Rousseau identify his accuser and supply full details of the plot. To the first, Rousseau's answer was simple and powerful: "That accuser, Sir, is the only man in the world whose testimony I should admit against you: it is yourself." To the second, Rousseau supplied an indictment of 63 lengthy paragraphs containing the incidents on which he relied for evidence of the plot and how Hume had deviously pulled it off. This he mailed to his foe on July 10 1766. The whole document managed to be simultaneously quite mad but resonating with inspired mockery and tragic sentiment.

ellauri115.html on line 418: In hindsight, it seems unlikely that they were ever going to get along, personally or intellectually. Hume was a combination of reason, doubt and scepticism. Rousseau was a creature of feeling, alienation, imagination and certainty. While Hume's outlook was unadventurous and temperate, Rousseau was by instinct rebellious; Hume was an optimist, Rousseau a pessimist; Hume gregarious, Rousseau a loner. Hume was disposed to compromise, Rousseau to confrontation. In style, Rousseau revelled in paradox; Hume revered clarity. Rousseau's language was pyrotechnical and emotional, Hume's straightforward and dispassionate.

ellauri115.html on line 420: Among Rousseau's numerous charges were Hume's misreading of a key letter from Rousseau about a royal pension. That error embroiled King George III. The king was just one of the many prominent figures to be sucked into the quarrel: others included Diderot, D'Holbach, Smith, James Boswell, D'Alembert and Grimm. Walpole became a key player. Voltaire piled in too, unable to resist the chance to strike at Rousseau.

ellauri115.html on line 422: A cartoon depicting Rousseau as a Savage Man, a Yahoo, caught in the woods was more to Hume's taste. He described it to her with relish. "I am represented as a farmer, who caresses him and offers him some oats to eat, which he refuses in a rage; Voltaire and D'Alembert are whipping him up behind; and Horace Walpole making him horns of papier maché. The idea is not altogether absurd."

ellauri115.html on line 424: Hume had demolished the arguments purporting to prove the existence of God, including Rousseau's favourite argument from design - the claim that only a supreme and benevolent being could explain the wonder and order in the world. This argument, Hume insisted, was untenable. How could it account for the suffering in the world? How can we infer that there is just one architect of the world, and not a co-operative of two or more?

ellauri115.html on line 426: Walpole's "King of Prussia" letter was the last straw. The exile was very upset.

ellauri115.html on line 429: Moreover, Rousseau advocated the opinion that, insofar as they lead people to virtue, all religions are equally worthy, and that people should therefore conform to the religion in which they have been brought up. This religious indifferentism caused Rousseau and his books to be banned from France and Geneva. He was condemned from the pulpit by the Archbishop of Paris, his books were burned and warrants were issued for his arrest. Former friends such as Jacob Vernes of Geneva could not accept his views, and wrote violent rebuttals.

ellauri115.html on line 433: Around this time, Rousseau started developing feelings of paranoia, anxiety, and of a conspiracy against him. Most of this was just his imagination at work, but on 29 January 1768, the theatre at Geneva was destroyed through burning, and Voltaire mendaciously accused Rousseau of being the culprit. In June 1768, Rousseau left Trie, leaving Therese behind, and went first to Lyon, and subsequently to Bourgoin. He now invited Therese to this place and "married" her, under his alias "Renou" in a faux civil ceremony in Bourgoin on 30 August 1768. 

ellauri115.html on line 440: Rousseau published Emile, or On Education in 1762. A famous section of Emile, "The Profession of Faith of a Savoyard Vicar", was intended to be a defense of religious belief. Rousseau's choice of a Catholic vicar of humble peasant background (plausibly based on a kindly prelate he had met as a teenager) as a spokesman for the defense of religion was in itself a daring innovation for the time. The vicar's creed was that of Socinianism (or Unitarianism as it is called today). Because it rejected original sin and divine revelation, both Protestant and Catholic authorities took offense. Eikös ne Emersonin porukat olleet unitaareja? Ja se Erasmuxen elämäkerturi Ephraim Emerton Bostonista. 

ellauri115.html on line 486:  Samuel Clarke (1675–1729) was the most influential British metaphysician and theologian in the generation between Locke and Berkeley, and only Shaftesbury rivals him in ethics. In all three areas he was very critical of Hobbes, Spinoza, and Toland. Deeply influenced by Newton, Clarke was critical of Descartes’ metaphysics of space and body because of the experimental evidence for Newtonianian doctrines of space, the vacuum, atoms, and attraction and because he believed Descartes’ identifying body with extension and removing final causes from nature had furthered irreligion and had naturally developed into Spinozism.

ellauri115.html on line 488: Clarke sided with Locke and Newton against Descartes in denying that we have knowledge of the essence of substances, even though we can be sure that there are at least two kinds of substances (mental and material) because their properties (thinking and divisibility) are incompatible. He defended natural religion against the naturalist view that nature constitutes a self-sufficient system and defended revealed religion against deism. Clarke adopted Newton’s natural philosophy early on. Through his association with Newton, Clarke was the de facto spokesperson for Newtonianism in the first half the eighteenth century, not only explaining the natural science but also providing a metaphysical support and theological interpretation for it.      

ellauri115.html on line 636: If I was a woman who'd been to a ball,

ellauri115.html on line 811: What is to hinder a man from taking his enemy as his teacher without fee, and profiting thereby, and thus learning, to some extent, the things of which he was unaware? For there are many things which an enemy is quicker to perceive than a friend (for Love is blind regarding the loved one, as Plato​ says), and inherent in hatred, along with curiosity, is the inability to hold one´s tongue.

ellauri115.html on line 812: Hiero​ was reviled by  one of his enemies for his offensive breath; so when he went home he said to his wife, "What do you mean? Even you never told me of this." But she being virtuous and innocent said, "I supposed that all men smelt so."

ellauri115.html on line 816: Conversely, Socrates bore with Xanthippe,​ who was irascible and acrimonious, for he thought that he should have no difficulty in getting along with other people if he accustomed himself to bear patiently with her; but it is much better to secure this training from the scurrilous, angry, scoffing, and abusive attacks of enemies and outsiders, and thus accustom the temper to be unruffled and not even impatient in the midst of reviling.

ellauri115.html on line 834: A specimen of Fontaine's mal à propos remarks. A brother of Boileau, who was a doctor of the Sorbonne, pronounced one day, before La Fontaine and two or three others, a long eulogy upon St. Augustine. The fabulist, whose mind had been running upon a very different author, and who had but little idea of the distinction to be observed between writers on sacred and profane subjects, interrupted the doctor to ask whether he thought St. Augustine a greater genius than Rabelais. The theologian contented himself with the reply, “Take care, M. La Fontaine, you have put on your stockings the wrong side out!” Sepalus on persepuolella. 

ellauri115.html on line 836: At another time Racine took La Fontaine to church, and gave him a Bible, which he opened at the prayer of the Jews in Baruch; becoming interested in the book, which he had perhaps never opened before, he asked his friend, “Who was this Baruch? He was a fine genius!” For some time afterwards his salutation to friends was, “Have you read Baruch?”—LAROUSSE: Fleurs Historiques.

ellauri115.html on line 838: His attachment to his friends, says a biographer, was that of a dog to a master. When Mme. de Sablière, who gave the improvident fabulist a home for twenty years, was asked what she had saved from a financial disaster, she replied, “I only kept my dog and cat, and La Fontaine.”

ellauri115.html on line 934: The ideas of Socinianism date from the wing of the Protestant Reformation known as the Radical Reformation and have their root in the Italian Anabaptist movement of the 1540s, such as the anti-trinitarian Council of Venice in 1550. Lelio Sozzini was the first of the Italian anti-trinitarians to go beyond Arian beliefs in print and deny the pre-existence of Christ in his Brevis explicatio in primum Johannis caput – a commentary on the meaning of the Logos in John 1:1–15 (1562). Lelio Sozzini considered that the "beginning" of John 1:1 was the same as 1 John 1:1 and referred to the new creation,[citation needed] not the Genesis creation. His nephew Fausto Sozzini published his own longer Brevis explicatio later, developing his uncle's arguments. Many years after his death in Switzerland, Sozzini consulted with the Unitarian Church in Transylvania, attempting to mediate in the dispute between Frankenstein and Count Dracula.

ellauri115.html on line 936: He moved to Poland, where he married the daughter of a leading member of the Polish Brethren, the anti-trinitarian minority, or ecclesia minor. In 1565, it had split from the Calvinist Reformed Church in Poland. Sozzini never joined the ecclesia minor, but he was influential in reconciling several controversies among the Brethren: on conscientious objection, on prayer to Christ, and on the virgin birth. Fausto persuaded many in the Polish Brethren who were formerly Arian, such as Marcin Czechowic, to adopt his uncle Lelio's views.

ellauri115.html on line 948:     "In the Beginning was the Word" John 1:1 – The explanation is given, taken from Lelio Sozzini's Brief explanation of John Chapter 1 1561[2] (and developed in Fausto Sozzini's later work of the same name), that the Beginning refers to the Beginning of the Gospel, not the old creation.[3]

ellauri115.html on line 950:     "Before Abraham was I am" John 8:58 – is treated that the ego eimi refers to "I am" before "Abraham becomes" (future) many nations in the work of Christ.[4]

ellauri115.html on line 954:     That Christ was literally dead in the grave for three days – as a proof of Christian mortalism, resurrection and the humanity of Christ.[6]

ellauri115.html on line 960: The Racovian Catechism makes muted reference to the devil in seven places which prompts the 1818 translator Thomas Rees, to footnote references to the works of Hugh Farmer (1761) and John Simpson (1804). Yet these references are in keeping with the somewhat subdued handling of the devil in the Biblioteca Fratrum Polonorum. The Collegia Vicentina at Vicenza (1546) had questioned not only the existence of the devil but even of angels. Word has it that the personal boll weevil was none other than Sozzini himself.

ellauri115.html on line 962: Kun d’Alembert syytti Geneven pastoreita sosinianismista. Rousseau piti niiden puolta. “Socinianism was a Christian sect closely allied with the development of Unitarianism. It took its name from its founder, Fausto Sozino, an Italian of the sixteenth century who lived in Poland for a long time, where his movement had great strength. It was popular throughout Europe and was accepted by many Protestant churches. Socinianism was anti-trinitarian and held that reason is the sole and final authority in the interpretation of the scripture. It further denied eternal punishments. Calvin had condemned the doctrine, so that the imputation in d’Alembert’s article was both a daring interpretation of the doctrine of Geneva’s pastors and one which was likely to be dangerous for them.” Allan Bloom, Politics and the Arts (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1960) 150. (back)

ellauri115.html on line 1067: Shmuel "Sam" Vaknin (born April 21, 1961) is an Israeli writer and "professor of psychology". He is the author of Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited (1999), was editor-in-chief of political news website Global Politician, and runs a private website about narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). He has also postulated a theory on chronons and time asymmetry which is pure bullshit.

ellauri115.html on line 1075: Vaknin was born in Kiryat Yam, Israel, the eldest of five children born to Sephardi Jewish immigrants. Vaknin's mother was from Turkey, and his father, a construction worker, was from Morocco. He describes a difficult childhood, in which he writes that his parents "were ill-equipped to deal with normal children, let alone the gifted". Arvaa kyllä ketä sillä tarkoitetaan.

ellauri115.html on line 1077: It was in the mid-1980s that he became aware of difficulties in his relationship with his fiancée, and that he had mood swings. In 1985 he sought help from a psychiatrist, who diagnosed him with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Vaknin did not accept the diagnosis at the time. From 1986 to 1987 he was the general manager of IPE Ltd. in London. He moved back to Israel, where he became director of an Israeli investment firm, Mikbatz Teshua. He was also president of the Israeli chapter of the Unification Church's Professors for World Peace Academy.

ellauri115.html on line 1079: In Israel in 1995 he was found guilty on three counts of securities fraud along with two other men, Nissim Avioz and Dov Landau. He was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment and fined 50,000 shekels (about $14,000), while the company was fined 100,000 shekels. In 1996, as a condition of parole, he agreed to a mental health evaluation, which noted various personality disorders. According to Vaknin, "I was borderline schizoid, but the most dominant was NPD," and on this occasion he accepted the diagnosis, because, he wrote, "it was a relief to know what I had, besides the loot."

ellauri115.html on line 1087: A model of quantised time was proposed by Vaknin in his 1982 Ph.D. dissertation, titled "Time Asymmetry Revisited". The dissertation was published by Pacific Western University (California). "Events" are perturbations in the Time Field and they are distinct from chronon interactions.

ellauri115.html on line 1101: In 2009, he was the subject of an Australian documentary film, I, Psychopath, directed by Ian Walker. In the film, Vaknin underwent a psychological evaluation in which he met the criteria for hare psychopathy according to the Hare Psychopathy Checklist, but did not meet the criteria for hare narcissism.

ellauri115.html on line 1124: Hare was born in 1934 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Hare's father was a roofing contractor and his mother was of French Canadian descent.  He grew up in a working-class neighborhood of Calgary. This explains a lot.

ellauri115.html on line 1126: Jänis attended the University of Alberto for a Bachelor of Farts degree which ended up 'more by default' with an emphasis on psychopathy. In 1959 he married Averil Hare whom he met in an abnormal psychology class, and a year later, to everyone's suprise, their daughter, Cheryl, was born appatently quite normal. But not.

ellauri115.html on line 1132:     Hare then returned to Vancouver, British Columbia, shut up as a professional psychopath at the prison's psychologist compartment, where he would stay for 30 years until retirement,  the same prison he had previously worked in. He seemed not to change behavior in response to God's punishment because he was a psychopath. He recalls, "I happened to get into a cell that nobody else was sitting in". Hare has said of himself and his wife Averil that  the loss of their daughter Cheryl in 2003 "tells an awful lot about who Averil and I are." Averil, his wife, is a prominent social worker in Canada specializing in child abuse.

ellauri115.html on line 1170: A: The answer to this is very simple. Utilitarianism is concerned only with the volume of pleasure and pain, and Nietzsche says in so many words that as soon as you even enter into this kind of thinking, you are already deep into the territory of nihilism. It is passive; concerned with maintenance, not construction; aloof or indifferent to meaning, something to justify the effort in the first place, even when it is successful, let alone when it isn’t. It is the staid, kindly, sober—not to say, the British—version of the same imbecilic nihilism that was prevailing on the continent in the same era. Mill did not understand the difference between pleasure and (actual) happiness, between pain and suffering, between real (spiritual) slavery and freedom.

ellauri117.html on line 158: Feinheiten auszuhorchen. Wenig später gingen Kafka, seine Mutter und sein Vater zusammen spazieren. Plötzlich begann dieser, angeregt über die körperliche Liebe zu dozieren. Franz war es peinlich, daß seine Mutter anwesend war (ach was, es war sicher gerade sie die diesen Vortrag erfordert hatte), doch weit mehr noch entsetzte ihn die Unterscheidung zwischen tugendhaften Frauen und Huren, die sein Vater ihm nahezubringen versuchte. Seine Mahnung, sich nie mit diesen einzulassen, verunsicherte Franz, der damals anscheinend zu ausgelassenen Phantasien ûber erregende Dirnen neigte.

ellauri117.html on line 162:       "Mein Korper, der manchmal jahrelang ruhig ist, wurde dann bis zu einen Grad erschüttert, daß dieses Verlangen nach einem kleinen, sehr bestimmten Greuel nicht mehr auszuhalten war... selbst in dem Besten, das für mich existierte, steckte etwas davon, ein kleiner häßlicher Geruch, etwas Schwefel, etwas Hölle, etwas Samen, etwas Fisch."

ellauri117.html on line 170: In 1920, als er sich wieder auf einer Erholungskur in Südtirol befand, begann er einer Frau zu schreiben, die ihm geistig ebenbürtig war. Sie hieß Milena Jesenská-Polak, war 24 Jahre alt, verheiratet und keine Jüdin. Sie war eine emanzipierte Frau, Künstlerin und Intellektuelle, die Kafka gebeten hatte, einige seiner Werke ins Tschechische übersetzen zu dürfen. Sie vergötterte Kafka als Schriftsteller und konnte sich in seine seelische Welt einfühlen, denn auch sie hatte unter einem tyrannischen Vater zu leiden gehabt. Kafka bot ihr finanzielle Unterstützung an, wenn sie ihren Ehemann verließe. Vor ihrer endgültigen Entscheidung verbrachten die beiden jedoch vier Tage lang «Probeflitterwochen». Nach ihrer Rückkehr schlug Milena das Angebot aus. Ihr war schnell klargeworden, was es bedeutete, mit einem dem Tod geweihten

ellauri117.html on line 190: I left myself quite limply in his hands, and, to get a better grip of me, he put his arm round me and pressed me against him, and the sweetness of the touch of our naked bodies one against the other was superb. It satistied in some measure the vague indecipherable yearning of my soul; and it was the same with him. When he had rubbed me all warm, he let me go, and we lo0ked at each other with eyes of

ellauri117.html on line 191: still laughter, and our love was pertect tor a moment, more pertect than any love I have known since, for either man or woman. The very echo of David's lament for Jonathan in 2 Samuel 1: 26 ('thy to me was wonderful, passing the love of women.)

ellauri117.html on line 193:  `I used to do some Japanese wrestling,' said Birkin. `A Jap lived in the same house with me in Heidelberg, and he taught me a little. But I was never much good at it.'

ellauri117.html on line 216: `You did! What was he like then, as a wrestler?'

ellauri117.html on line 218: Good, I believe. I am no judge. He was very quick and slippery and full of electric fire. It is a remarkable thing, what a curious sort of fluid force they seem to have in them, those people not like a human grip -- like a polyp -- 

ellauri117.html on line 239: Gerald fastened the door and pushed the furniture aside. The room was large, there was plenty of space, it was thickly carpeted. Then he quickly threw off his clothes, and waited for Birkin. The latter, white and thin, came over to him. Birkin was more a presence than a visible object, Gerald was aware of him completely, but not really visually. Whereas Gerald himself was concrete and noticeable, a piece of pure final substance.

ellauri117.html on line 245: So the two men began to struggle together. They were very dissimilar. Birkin was tall and narrow, his bones were very thin and fine. Gerald was much heavier and more plastic. His bones were strong and round, his limbs were rounded, all his contours were beautifully and fully moulded. He seemed to stand with a proper, rich weight on the face of the earth, whilst Birkin seemed to have the centre of gravitation in his own middle. And Gerald had a rich, frictional kind of strength, rather mechanical, but sudden and invincible, whereas Birkin was abstract as to be almost intangible. He impinged invisibly upon the other man, scarcely seeming to touch him, like a garment, and then suddenly piercing in a tense fine grip that seemed to penetrate into the very quick of Gerald´s being.

ellauri117.html on line 249: So the two men entwined and wrestled with each other, working nearer and nearer. Both were white and clear, but Gerald flushed smart red where he was touched, and Birkin remained white and tense. He seemed to penetrate into Gerald´s more solid, more diffuse bulk, to interfuse his body through the body of the other, as if to bring it subtly into subjection, always seizing with some rapid necromantic fore-knowledge every motion of the other flesh, converting and counteracting it, playing upon the limbs and trunk of Gerald like some hard wind. It was as if Birkin´s whole physical intelligence interpenetrated into Gerald´s body, as if his fine, sublimated energy entered into the flesh of the fuller man, like some potency, casting a fine net, a prison, through the muscles into the very depths of Gerald´s physical being.

ellauri117.html on line 251: So they wrestled swiftly, rapturously, intent and mindless at last, two essential white figures working into a tighter closer oneness of struggle, with a strange, octopus-like knotting and flashing of limbs in the subdued light of the room; a tense white knot of flesh gripped in silence between the walls of old brown books. Now and again came a sharp gasp of breath, or a sound like a sigh, then the rapid thudding of movement on the thickly-carpeted floor, then the strange sound of flesh escaping under flesh. Often, in the white interlaced knot of violent living being that swayed silently, there was no head to be seen, only the swift, tight limbs, the solid white backs, the physical junction of two bodies clinched into oneness. Then would appear the gleaming, ruffled head of Gerald, as the struggle changed, then for a moment the dun-coloured, shadow- like head of the other man would lift up from the conflict, the eyes wide and dreadful and sightless.

ellauri117.html on line 253: At length Gerald lay back inert on the carpet, his breast rising in great slow panting, whilst Birkin kneeled over him, almost unconscious. Birkin was much more exhausted. He caught little, short breaths, he could scarcely breathe any more. The earth seemed to tilt and sway, and a complete darkness was coming over his mind. He did not know what happened. He slid forward quite unconscious, over Gerald, and Gerald did not notice. Then he was half-conscious again, aware only of the strange tilting and sliding of the world. The world was sliding, everything was sliding off into the darkness. And he was sliding, endlessly, endlessly away.

ellauri117.html on line 255: He came to consciousness again, hearing an immense knocking outside. What could be happening, what was it, the great hammer-stroke resounding through the house? He did not know. And then it came to him that it was his own heart beating. But that seemed impossible, the noise was outside. No, it was inside himself, it was his own heart. And the beating was painful, so strained, surcharged. He wondered if Gerald heard it. He did not know whether he were standing or lying or falling.

ellauri117.html on line 257: When he realised that he had fallen prostrate upon Gerald´s body he wondered, he was surprised. But he sat up, steadying himself with his hand and waiting for his heart to become stiller and less painful. It hurt very much, and took away his consciousness.

ellauri117.html on line 259: Gerald however was still less conscious than Birkin. They waited dimly, in a sort of not-being, for many uncounted, unknown minutes.

ellauri117.html on line 263: Birkin heard the sound as if his own spirit stood behind him, outside him, and listened to it. His body was in a trance of exhaustion, his spirit heard thinly. His body could not answer. Only he knew his heart was getting quieter. He was divided entirely between his spirit, which stood outside, and knew, and his body, that was a plunging, unconscious stroke of blood.

ellauri117.html on line 275: He still heard as if it were his own disembodied spirit hearing, standing at some distance behind him. It drew nearer however, his spirit. And the violent striking of blood in his chest was sinking quieter, allowing his mind to come back. He realised that he was leaning with all his weight on the soft body of the other man. It startled him, because he thought he had withdrawn. He recovered himself, and sat up. But he was still vague and unestablished. He put out his hand to steady himself. It touched the hand of Gerald, that was lying out on the floor. And Gerald's hand closed warm and sudden over Birkin's, they remained exhausted and breathless, the one hand clasped closely over the other. It was Birkin whose hand, in swift response, had closed in a strong, warm clasp over the hand of the other. Gerald´s clasp had been sudden and momentaneous.

ellauri117.html on line 277: The normal consciousness however was returning, ebbing back. Birkin could breathe almost naturally again. Gerald´s hand slowly withdrew, Birkin slowly, dazedly rose to his feet and went towards the table. He poured out a whiskey and soda. Gerald also came for a drink.

ellauri117.html on line 279: `It was a real set-to, wasn´t it?' said Birkin, looking at Gerald with darkened eyes.

ellauri117.html on line 281: `God, yes,' said Gerald. He looked at the delicate body of the other man, and added: `It wasn't too much for you, was it?'

ellauri117.html on line 330: `It was a caftan in Bokhara,' said Gerald. `I like it.'

ellauri117.html on line 334: Birkin was silent, thinking how scrupulous Gerald was in his attire, how expensive too. He wore silk socks, and studs of fine workmanship, and silk underclothing, and silk braces. Curious! This was another of the differences between them. Birkin was careless and unimaginative about his own appearance.

ellauri117.html on line 338: Birkin laughed. He was looking at the handsome figure of the other man, blond and comely in the rich robe, and he was half thinking of the difference between it and himself -- so different; as far, perhaps, apart as man from woman, yet in another direction. But really it was Ursula, it was the woman who was gaining ascendance over Birkin´s being, at this moment. Gerald was becoming limp again, lapsing out of him.

ellauri117.html on line 398: Tom Bissell was born in Escanaba, Michigan, in 1974. His short fiction has won two Pushcart Prizes and has been published in multiple editions of The Best American Series. He has also written eight works of nonfiction, including Apostle and (with Greg Sestero) The Disaster Artist, as well as many screenplays for video games and television. Bissell lives in Los Angeles with his family. Tom Bister is a sad case. Another Gold Hat of Hyvinkää.

ellauri117.html on line 475: A man was sitting on the edge of a bed watching his wife. 


ellauri117.html on line 487: A man was stopped by a game warden in North Algonquian park. 


ellauri117.html on line 490: A salesman was travelling thru the countryside selling insect repellent. 


ellauri117.html on line 497: A preacher was making his rounds to parishioners with a bicycle. 


ellauri117.html on line 608:     Maxa-Shaftesburyn (1621-1683) pojanpoika, 3. Earl of Shaftesbury (1671—1713) oli mieltä että: Hobbes had set the agenda of British moral philosophy (a search for the grounding of universal moral principles), and Locke had established its method (empiricism).  Shaftesbury’s important contribution was to focus that agenda by showing what a satisfactory response to Hobbes might look like but without giving up too much of Locke’s method.  Shaftesbury showed the British moralists that if we think of moral goodness as analogous to beauty, then (even within a broadly empiricist framework) it is still possible for moral goodness to be non-arbitrarily grounded in objective features of the world and for the moral agent to be attracted to virtue for its own sake, not merely out of self-interest. In Shaftesbury’s aesthetic language, the state of having the morally correct motives is the state of being “morally beautiful,” and the state of approving the morally correct motives upon reflection is the state of having “good moral taste.” Shaftesbury argues that the morally correct motives which constitute moral beauty turn out to be those motives which are aimed at the good of one’s society as a whole.  This good is understood teleologically.  Furthermore Shaftesbury argues that both the ability to know the good of one’s society and the reflective approval of the motivation toward this good are innate capacities which must nevertheless be developed by proper socialization.

ellauri117.html on line 610:     John Locke (1632-1704) was a close friend of the First Earl and an advisor to the family for years to come after the First Earl’s death.  Locke was the personal physician and general advisor to the First Earl.  He supervised the childhood medical care of Shaftesbury’s father, the degenerate Second Earl (1652-1699). He also helped find a wife for the Second Earl and he cared for her during  her pregnancy  with the Third Earl.  Most significantly for our purposes, Locke supervised the Third Earl’s education.  He personally chose Shaftesbury’s governess Elizabeth Birch and designed a curriculum for her to follow in her instruction of the child.  This experience was, presumably, the basis for Locke’s later work Thoughts Concerning Education.  Under Birch’s tutelage, Shaftesbury received a strong education in the Classics and became fluent in Greek and Latin by the age of eleven.  Locke continued to check on Shaftesbury’s progress over the years. Locke served as a primary advisor to the young Shaftesbury, though Shaftesbury did not always follow Locke’s advice.  Shaftesbury had many "philosophical" conversations with Locke, some of which are preserved in correspondence. "Mautonta!" huusi 3. Shaftersburyn Jaarli vähän väliä. 

ellauri117.html on line 620: Locke's theory of mind is often cited as the origin of modern conceptions of identity and the self, figuring prominently in the work of later philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, David Hume, and Immanuel Kant. Lipilaari kusipäitä koko konkkaronkka. Locke was the first to define the self through a continuity of consciousness. He postulated that, at birth, the mind was a blank slate, or tabula rasa. Contrary to Cartesian philosophy based on pre-existing concepts, he maintained that we are born without innate ideas, and that knowledge is instead determined only by experience derived from sense perception. Eli tääkin vielä. 

ellauri117.html on line 629:   Locke kuoli vuonna 1704 pitkällisen sairauden jälkeen. Hänet on haudattu High Laverin kylän kirkkomaalle, Harlowin itäpuolelle, Essexiin. Some scholars have seen Locke's political convictions as being based from his religious beliefs. Locke's religious trajectory began in Calvinist trinitarianism, but by the time of the Reflections (1695) Locke was advocating not just Socinian views on tolerance but also Socinian Christology. Täähän Sozzini oli Rusakonkin guru. 

ellauri117.html on line 655: Locke was at times not sure about the subject of original sin, so he was accused of Socinianism, Arianism, or Deism. Locke argued that the idea that "all Adam's Posterity are doomed to Eternal Infinite Punishment, for the Transgression of Adam" was "little consistent with the Justice or Goodness of the Great and Infinite God", leading Eric Half-Nelson to associate him with Pelagian ideas. However, he did not deny the reality of evil. Man was capable of waging unjust wars and committing crimes. Criminals had to be punished, even with the death penalty.

ellauri117.html on line 657:   With regard to the Bible, Locke was very conservative. He retained the doctrine of the verbal inspiration of the Scriptures. The miracles were proof of the divine nature of the biblical message. Locke was convinced that the entire content of the Bible was in agreement with human reason (The Reasonableness of Christianity, 1695). Although Locke was an advocate of tolerance, he urged the authorities not to tolerate atheism, because he thought the denial of God's existence would undermine the social order and lead to chaos. That excluded all atheistic varieties of philosophy and all attempts to deduce ethics and natural law from purely secular premises. In Locke's opinion the cosmological (i.e. primus motor) argument was valid and proved God's existence. His political thought was based on Protestant Christian views. Additionally, Locke advocated a sense of piety out of gratitude to God for giving reason to men. Locke compared the English monarchy's rule over the British people to Adam's rule over Eve in Genesis, which was appointed by God. And stands to human reason, don't it?

ellauri117.html on line 661: There are always things that might suggest Mr. Locke was gay, such as his being a lifetime bachelor, having no children, and having a life that was surrounded by philosophical men, there is nothing that would give substance to said rumor. You might want to read Locke’s Fundamental Constitution of the Carolinas (1669) which was co-authored by The First Earl of Shaftesbury. It is rather draconian and clearly deviates from the principles of Locke’s more famous two Treatises. It is a matter of scholarly debate just how much Locke contributed to the positions on slavery in this document. Locke was also a good counter-voice to Rousseau in terms of perhaps a more individualistic bent, whereas Rousseau’s philosophy was more collectivist. I think if you look to the Preamble to the US Constitution you can see the influence of both, although the Bill of Rights has a much more individualist orientation.

ellauri117.html on line 665:   John Locke was born on the 29th of August, 1632. He is famous for being a Philosopher. He and Sir Francis Bacon were among the first British empiricists and had a huge impact on social contract theory. John Locke’s age is 388. English philosopher and doctor commonly referred to as “The Father of Liberalism.” He was one of the Enlightenment Age’s most influential thinkers. His ideas heavily influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

ellauri117.html on line 667: The 388-year-old philosopher was born in Wrington, England. He earned a medicine degree from Oxford in 1674. He had influential theories on limited government, right to property, and the social contract. His theory of mind led to modern understandings of identity and the self and influenced Kant, Hume, and Rousseau.

ellauri117.html on line 670:   John Locke was born in 1630s. John Locke is part of G.I. Generation also known as The Greatest Generation. This generation experienced much of their youth during the Great Depression and rapid technological innovation such as the radio and the telephone. The initials "G.I." is military terminology referring to "Government Issue" or "General Issue". It's hard to know John Locke birth time, but we do know his mother gave birth to his on a Sunday. People born on a Sunday can often rely on sympathy from others and generally have luck on their side.

ellauri117.html on line 674:   Like many famous people and celebrities, John Locke keeps His personal life private. Once more details are available on who he is dating, we will update this section. The 388-year-old Not available was born in the G.I. Generation and the Year of the Monkey.

ellauri117.html on line 691: Chinese Zodiac: John Locke was born in the Year of the Ox. People born under this sign love to make people laugh and are generally energetic and upbeat but sometimes lack self-control.

ellauri118.html on line 381: Madison Julius Cawein (March 23, 1865 – December 8, 1914) was a poet from Louisville, Kentucky. 

ellauri118.html on line 382: Madison Julius Cawein was born in Louisville, Kentucky on March 23, 1865, the fifth child of William and Christiana (Stelsly) Cawein. His father made patent medicines from herbs. Thus as a child, Cawein became acquainted with and developed a love for local nature.

ellauri118.html on line 386: His output was thirty-six books and 1,500 poems. [I got more than 2000 by now! Well most of mine are prose, to be honest.]  His writing presented Kentucky scenes in a language echoing Percy Bysshe Shelley and John Keats. He soon earned the nickname the "Keats of Kentucky". He was popular enough that, by 1900, he told the Louisville Courier-Journal that his income from publishing poetry in magazines amounted to about $100 a month.

ellauri118.html on line 388: In 1912 Cawein was forced to sell his Old Louisville home, St James Court (a 2+1⁄2-story brick house built in 1901, which he had purchased in 1907), as well as some of his library, after losing money in the 1912 stock market crash. In 1914 the Authors Club of New York City placed him on their relief list. He died on December 8 later that year and was buried in Cave Hill Cemetery. Shouldn´t have speculated but on his own pen and paper.

ellauri118.html on line 418: 2Focalisation is a term coined by the French narrative theorist Gérard Genette. It refers to the perspective through which a narrative is presented. Genette focuses on the interplay between three forms of focalization and the distinction between heterodiegetic and homodiegetic narrators. Homodiegetic narrators exist in the same (hence the word 'homo') storyworld as the characters exist in, whereas heterodiegetic narrators are not a part of that storyworld. The term 'focalization' refers to how information is restricted in storytelling. Genette distinguishes between internal focalization, external focalization, and zero focalization. Internal focalization means that the narrative focuses on thoughts and emotions while external focalization focuses solely on characters' actions, behavior, the setting etc. Zero focalization is seen when the narrator is omniscient in the sense that it is not restricted. Focalization in literature is similar to point-of-view (POV) in film-making and point of view in literature, but professionals in the field often see these two traditions as being distinctly different. Genette's work was intended to refine the notions of point of view and narrative perspective. It separates the question of “Who sees?” in a narrative from “who speaks?”

ellauri118.html on line 434: Die traditionelle Erzähltheorie, vertreten durch Franz Karl Stanzel, Gérard Genette, Seymour Chatman u.  a. m, beschäftigt sich mit Elementen des „discours“ („Erzählweise“). Andere Theoretiker nehmen eher die Strukturen der „histoire“ („Erzählinhalt“) in den Blick. Damit bauen sich (erzählerische) Handlungen in dem vorgestellten Begriffsinventar aus Geschehnissen und Ereignissen auf. Während der Begriff „Handlung“ im deutschsprachigen Raum verwendet wird, wird sie etwa bei Genette als histoire und in der anglo-amerikanischen Erzähltheorie als story bezeichnet, der „Diskurs“ bei Genette als récit (narration) und im Angelsächsischen als plot. Während sich der „Diskurs“ als die kompositorische und sprachliche Realisierung einer Erzählung versteht; er verweist auf das „wie“ der Erzählung, wird in der „Geschichte“ der Gegenstand der Erzählung ausgemacht; sie verweist auf das „was“ der Handlung.

ellauri118.html on line 633: But what from Cloris brighter Eyes was hurl´d.		Muuta kuin Kloorikanan silmistä.		

ellauri118.html on line 662: As he was capable of Love,				Kuin hän oli kykenevä bylsimään,		

ellauri118.html on line 777: So Venus, when her Love was Slain,			Niin Venus, kun sen rakas oli tapettu,

ellauri118.html on line 832: The early education of Mme. de La Fayette—for by this name we can best speak of her—was the special care of her father, "un père en qui le mérite égaloit la tendresse." Later, she was put under Ménage à Trois, and possibly Raped.

ellauri118.html on line 834: Her father belonged to the lesser nobility, and was for awhile governor of Pontoise, and later of Havre. Her mother was sprung from an ancient family of Provence, among whom, says Auger, literary talent had long been a heritage; but the mother herself — if we are to believe Cardinal de Retz, but why should we believe that fuckhead — possessed no talent save that of intrigue. Well that's half of a novelist's job according to narratologists.

ellauri118.html on line 838: This union was an important event in the life of Mme. de La Fayette, for it marks the beginning of her residence at Paris, and of her friendship with Mme. de Sévigné, who was a kinswoman of the Chevalier.

ellauri118.html on line 840: How close and lasting was this friendship is seen on almost every page of Mme. de Sévigné's correspondence. Indeed, so often does the name of Mme. de La Fayette occur in Mme. de Sévigné's letters to her daughter, that the latter may well have been jealous of her mother's friend. The companionship of Mme. de Sévigné was, after the death of La Rochefoucauld, the chief comfort of Mme. de La Fayette in her ill-health and seclusion; and it was from the sick-chamber of her friend that Mme. de Sévigné's letters would seem to have been written in those latter years. In 1693, soon after the death of Mme. de La Fayette, Mme. de Sévigné writes as follows of her dead friend: "Je me trouvois trop heureuse d'être aimée d'elle depuis un temps très-considérable; jamais nous n'avions eu le moindre nuage dans notre amitié. 

ellauri118.html on line 844: The relation was equally sincere on the part of Mme. de La Fayette, though she was by nature more self-contained and reserved. But this reserve gives way to the strength of her feelings when in 1691, tormented by ill-health and knowing that her end is not far off, she writes to Mme. de Sévigné: "Croyez, ma très-chère, que vous êtes la personne du monde que j'ai le plus véritablement aimée."

ellauri118.html on line 858: La Rochefoucauld had been embittered by disappointed ambition, ill health, and the loss of his favorite son; and his opinion of humanity in general and of women in particular was none too lofty, to say the least. Perhaps Mme. de La Fayette´s greatest service in this respect was in toning down the severity of the immortal Maxims.

ellauri118.html on line 899:     Siis tää sama kalju profeetta joka meni taivaaseen housuitta syötettyään 2 koululuokallista pilaa tekeviä lapsia 2 karhulle? Olipa jäbällä kanttia puhua muiden hirmuteoista! Karhut olivat kyllä iloisia. Eiku tää tässä menee sekaisin nyt profeetat, kalju karhunsyöttäjä olikin Elisa. Elija (ja Eenokki) kyllä temmattiin taivaaseen älävänän kuin hal víz alatt. Vaikka on sekin riitautettu esim. was-not-taken-up-to-heaven/">tässä. Plokin kirjoittajan mielestä se on pelkkää spekulaatiota, dispensationalismia! What do you think? 

ellauri118.html on line 945: Showrunner Bruce Miller was a longtime fan of the Margaret Atwood novel upon which it's based.

ellauri118.html on line 946: Among the many changes made to the original book, one of the most noticeable is how two characters — Serena Joy and Commander Waterford — are played by much younger actors than expected. 35-year-old Australian actress Yvonne Strahovski plays Serena, while 46-year-old Joseph Fiennes was cast as the Commander. 

ellauri118.html on line 948: "I felt like in the novel there's only so much of the dynamic between Serena Joy and Offred that you're going to see, but in a TV show it's going to go on and on and on hopefully for years. The element that was missing for me was the direct competition between the two women," Miller said. I felt that it was a more active dynamic if Serena Joy felt like this person was usurping her role not only as the reproductive object of the house but gradually taking away the wifely duties, the intimate duties, the romantic, sexual duties." Mitä romanttista on panossa? Se on romanttista ettei paääse pukille vaikka mieli tekisi.

ellauri118.html on line 956: "She was so astonishing in her audition," Miller said. "She made me feel sorry for Serena Joy, which is seemingly an impossible task. I felt bad for her. She was so wonderful and terrifying. And she's quite tall, so that works really well with Lizzie who is more small. Serena Joy wears heels and Lizzie doesn't. To have this towering viking standing over her ... she's physically intimidating." Yvonne is a whip-strong woman. Lizzie [Elizabeth Moss] is also quite strong but on the pudgy side. The two of them together, you feel like, 'I'd love to see them go toe-to-toe in a cage match.'" A mud fight with nothing on, now that would be the thing. Maybe in the next season, stay tuned.

ellauri118.html on line 984: In the book, Janine's baby turns out to be a "shredder" and dies. Most of Janine's story line after she gave birth was created for the show.

ellauri118.html on line 996: The trade delegation from Mexico was a new plot for the show. The book only shows tourists visiting Gilead.

ellauri118.html on line 998: The show implies early on that Luke is dead. Later on, it turns out that he was just in the shower all the time.

ellauri118.html on line 1110: When Margaret Atwood wrote "The Handmaid´s Tale," published in 1985, she took inspiration from the rise of the Christian right in America during the 1970s and early ´80s and the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran. But another, much older source of inspiration for Atwood was the story of a real-life woman in 17th-century New England named Mary Webster, who may or may not have been related to Atwood.

ellauri118.html on line 1112: “Some days, my grandmother would say we were related to her and on other days, she would deny the whole thing because it wasn't very respectable,” Atwood says. “I was actually trying to write a novel about her, but, unfortunately, I didn't know enough about the late 17th century to be able to do it. But I did write a long, narrative poem called 'Half-Hanged Mary,' because she only got half hanged.”

ellauri118.html on line 1114: Growing up, Atwood heard stories from her grandmother about Mary Webster, a colonial woman who was half hanged in Hadley, Massachusetts in 1685 for witchcraft, several years before the infamous Salem witch trials began in 1692. Atwood's grandmother often referred to Webster as a relative, though she sometimes denied it, and her ancestry can't be definitively proven one way or the other.

ellauri118.html on line 1116: "I was hanged for living alone

ellauri118.html on line 1131: In 1683, when Mary Webster was approximately 60 years old, she was accused and brought to trial before a jury in Boston "for suspicion of witchcraft" but cleared of charges and found not guilty.

ellauri118.html on line 1132: In 1684, Webster was accused verbally by Philip Smith. Smith was a judge, a deacon, and representative of the town of Hadley. He has also been described as a hypochondriac. He seems to have believed in the real power of witchcraft and that his afflictions were being magically caused by Mary Webster in collaboration with the devil.

ellauri118.html on line 1133: While he lay ill, a number of brisk lads tried an experiment upon the old woman. Having dragged her out of her house, they hung her up until she was near dead, let her down, rolled her some time in the snow, and at last buried her in it and there left her, but it happened that she survived and the melancholy man died.

ellauri118.html on line 1134: But Mary Webster was no ordinary witch. She may have been hanged for witchcraft, but that didn't end her life. In fact, she lived another 14 years. Or 11 years, says another source.

ellauri118.html on line 1136: A fat guy Cotton Mather in priest collars with a wig rather like Ms. Atwood's hair, whose dad's name to top it all was Increase, wrote on this.

ellauri118.html on line 1137: Mather claims that it was only during this night of vigilante violence perpetrated against Mary Webster that Smith was able to sleep peacefully. "Upon the whole, it appeared unquestionable that witchcraft had brought a period unto the life of so good a man," Mather concludes.

ellauri118.html on line 1149: The failure to include obese body types in the television adaptation was a major oversight.  The Handmaid’s Tale should have done better by fat women.

ellauri119.html on line 48: Primary (pre-Christian) meaning is not possbile to determine, but probably it was "that must be preserved whole or intact, that cannot be transgressed or violated," and connected with Old English hal (see health) and Old High German heil "health, happiness, good luck" (source of the German salutations Sieg Heil, Heil Hitler). 

ellauri119.html on line 50: Holy has been used as an intensifying word from 1837; in expletives since 1880s (such as holy smoke, 1883, holy mackerel, 1876, holy cow, 1914, holy moly etc.), most of them euphemisms for holy Christ or holy Moses. Holy Ghost was in Old English (in Middle English often written as one word). Holy water was in Old English. Scotch whiskey means life water. Eau de vie, akvaviittiä. Aguardiente. Tulivettä tappavaa, kuivat kurkut lutkuttaa. Intiaanit razastaa, aavaa preeriaa. Holy League is used of various European alliances; the Holy Alliance was that formed personally by the sovereigns of Russia, Austria, and Prussia in 1815; it ended in 1830. Hole in one. 

ellauri119.html on line 65: used as an intensive: this is a holy mess - he was a holy terror when he drank (Thomas Wolfe) often used in combination as a mild oath: holy smoke

ellauri119.html on line 110:   On the "Batman" TV series, which ran for 120 episodes between 1966 and 1968, Batman's sidekick Robin (played by Burt Ward), was well known for his ever-changing catchphrase. It was an exclamation that would always begin with the word "holy." The second part of the exclamation would always involve something related to what Robin was shouting about in that episode. For example, if there was a bunch of smoke, he might shout "holy smoke!" However, the exclamations often got a lot weirder than that. Get to know the 20 oddest "holy" exclamations Robin said during the series.

ellauri119.html on line 115:   Oleo is a term that was a lot more common in 1966 than it is today. When margarine was first invented in France in the 1860s, the creator, Hippolyte Mège-Mouriès, originally dubbed the artificial butter substitute "oleomargarine." Although it was most commonly sold as simply "margarine," the "oleomargarine" name was used enough that "oleo" became slang for margarine. It's very outdated slang today, with the existence of the word mostly being confined to crossword puzzles. It is a very common crossword puzzle answer because of its shortness and because three out of its four letters are vowels.

ellauri119.html on line 123: When you realize that Robin is referencing a telecommunications company that was founded as International Telephone & Telegraph in this season two episode, you know the reference is an outdated one. IT&T got out of the telecommunications game in 1986. It has been reformed a number of times into its current state, ITT Corporation. Amusingly, at the time Robin made the reference, IT&T and ABC (which aired "Batman") nearly merged with each other. 

ellauri119.html on line 184:   In the season one episode "Zelda the Great," Batman is about to capture a magician after she stole some priceless jewelry, but she escapes using sleight-of-hand. Robin is right after Batman and remarks "holy hole in a doughnut!" The words make no sense in this situation. Oddly enough, a track on the "Batman" soundtrack was titled "Holy Hole in a Doughnut." Made more sense to Robin than you'd think.

ellauri119.html on line 188: It only took the entire run of the series, but in literally the last episode of the show, season three's "Minerva, Mayhem, and Millionaires," we got the most amazing Robin exclamation ever. There's a real chance that this was just so perfect that the producers realized that there was nowhere else to go after this, so they just canceled the show. 

ellauri119.html on line 270: For the majority of Christian denominations, the Holy Spirit, or Holy Ghost, is believed to be the third person of the Trinity, a Triune God manifested as God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit, each entity itself being God. Nontrinitarian Christians, who reject the doctrine of the Trinity, differ significantly from mainstream Christianity in their beliefs about the Holy Spirit. In Christian theology, pneumatology refers to the study of the Holy Spirit. Due to Christianity's historical relationship with Judaism, theologians often identify the Holy Spirit with the concept of the Ruach Hakodesh in Jewish scripture, on the theory that Jesus (who was Jewish) was expanding upon these Jewish concepts. Similar names, and ideas, include the Ruach Elohim (Spirit of God), Ruach YHWH (Spirit of Yahweh), and the Ruach Hakodesh (Holy Spirit).

ellauri119.html on line 272: The most characteristic sign of the presence of the ruach ha-kodesh is the gift of prophecy. The use of the word "ruach" (Hebrew: "breath", or "wind") in the phrase ruach ha-kodesh seems to suggest that Judaic authorities believed the Holy Spirit was a kind of communication medium like breath, or wind. The spirit talks from both ends, sometimes 1wparacl

ellauri119.html on line 300: The New Testament details a close relationship between the Holy Spirit and Jesus during his earthly life and ministry.The Gospels of Matthew and Luke and the Nicene Creed state that Jesus was "conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary". The Holy Spirit descended on Jesus like a dove or seagull during his baptism, and in his Farewell Discourse after the Last Supper Jesus promised to send the Holy Spirit to his disciples after his departure. 

ellauri119.html on line 361: In the New Testament, by the power of the Holy Spirit Jesus was conceived in the womb of the Virgin Mary, while maintaining her virginity. Virginity is the state of a person who has never engaged in sexual intercourse. Sexual intercourse (or coitus or copulation) is sexual activity typically involving the insertion and thrusting of the penis into the vagina for sexual pleasure, reproduction, or both. This is also known as vaginal intercourse or vaginal sex.

ellauri119.html on line 380:     In the 16th and 17th centuries, medical researchers mistakenly saw the presence or absence of the hymen as founding evidence of physical diseases such as "womb-fury", i.e., (female) hysteria. If not cured, womb-fury would, according to doctors practicing at the time, result in death. The cure, naturally enough, was marriage, since a woman could then go about having sexual intercourse on a "normal" schedule that would stop womb-fury from killing her.

ellauri119.html on line 396: In 1961, Christian theologian Gabriel Vahanian published The Death of God. Vahanian argued that modern secular culture had lost all sense of the sacred, lacking any sacramental meaning, no transcendental purpose or sense of providence. He concluded that for the modern secular mind "God is dead", but he did not mean that God did not exist. In Vahanian´s vision a transformed post-Christian and post-modern culture was needed to create a renewed experience of deity.

ellauri119.html on line 400: Paul Matthews van Buren (April 20, 1924 – June 18, 1998) was a Christian theologian and author. An ordained Episcopal priest, he was a Professor of religion at Temple University, Philadelphia for 22 years. He was a Director [NYT obituary says "Associate"] of the Center of Ethics and Religious Pluralism at the Shalom Hartman Institute in Jerusalem. Van Buren was born and raised in Norfolk, Virginia. During World War II, he had served in the United States Coast Guard. He graduated with a bachelor´s degree in government from Harvard College in 1948. A professor at Temple University, he was considered a leader of the "Death of God" school or movement, although he himself rejected that name for the movement as a "journalistic invention," and considered himself an exponent of "Secular Christianity." He died of cancer on June 18, 1998 at age 74.

ellauri119.html on line 402: William Hamilton (1924-2012), a theologian who declared nearly a half century ago that God was dormant if not dead, was remembered at his death for the media impact made by the "death of God movement." 

ellauri119.html on line 404: The Time cover for April 8, 1966, with its stark words "Is God Dead?" against a dark background, garnered record sales. So did a 1966 book, Radical Theology and the Death of God, coauthored by Hamilton and Thomas J. J. Altizer. "It was Bill who in the ´60s created the scandal of a death of God theology," Altizer told the Century, adding that Hamilton was the more articulate. 

ellauri119.html on line 434:     The Apostle Paul glorified love as the most important virtue of all. Describing love in the famous poetic interpretation in 1 Corinthians, he wrote, "Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, and always perseveres." (1 Cor. 13:4–7, NIV) He didn't mean eros, but rather homophilia. Perseveraatiosta oli puhe. John also wrote, "Dear friends, let us love one another for love comes from God. Everyone who loves has been born of God and knows God. Whoever does not love does not know God, because God is love." (1 John 4:7–8, NIV) Influential Christian theologian C. S. Lewis wrote a book called The Four Loves. The first retired nazi pope Benedict XVI named his first circular God as love. He said that a human being, created in the image of God, who is love, is able to make love; to give himself to God and others (agape) and by receiving and experiencing God's love in contemplation (eros). This life of love, according to him, is the life of the saints such as Teresa of Calcutta and the Blessed Virgin Mary and is the direction Christians take when they believe that God loves them. Pope Francis taught that "True love is both loving and letting oneself be loved...what is important in love is not our loving, but allowing ourselves to be loved by God." That's just what Virgin Mary did. "You have heard that it was said, 'Love your neighbor and hate your enemy.' But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, that you may be children of your Father in heaven. He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. If you love those who love you, what reward will you get? Are not even the tax collectors doing that? And if you greet only your own people, what are you doing more than others? Do not even pagans do that? Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect." – Matthew 5: 43–48. Jews didn't like tax collectors.

ellauri119.html on line 446:     The term "free love" has been used to describe a social movement that rejects marriage, which is seen as a form of social bondage. The Free Love movement's initial goal was to separate the state from sexual matters such as marriage, birth control, and adultery. It claimed that such issues were the concern of the people involved, and no one else. Many people in the early 19th century believed that marriage was an important aspect of life to "fulfill earthly human happiness." Middle-class Americans wanted the home to be a place of stability in an uncertain world. This mentality created a vision of strongly defined gender roles, which provoked the advancement of the free love movement as a contrast. The term "sex radical" has been used interchangeably with the term "free lover". By whatever name, advocates had two strong beliefs: opposition to the idea of forceful sexual activity in a relationship and advocacy for a woman to use her body in any way that she pleases. These are also beliefs of Feminism. As St. Augustine put it: love God and then do as you please.

ellauri119.html on line 454:     Why set aside good old Empedocles anyway? He meant forces of attraction and repulsion, he got it just right 2My before Newton. Plato sucks, set him aside instead. The idea of two loves, one heavenly, one earthly is just bullshit. As Tristram Shandy's Uncle Tboy was informed over 2My later, "of these loves, according to Ficinus's comment on Valesius, the one is rational - the other is natural - the first...excites to the desire of philosophy and truth - the second, excites to desire, simply". Toby felt the former toward women and the latter for model trains. Plato's sublimation theory of love involved "mounting upwards...from one to two, and from two to all fair boys, and from fair boys to fair actions, and from fair actions to fair motions, until with fair motions he comes into the bottom of an absolute beauty". Sounds like Plato's own love history from horny gym boy to a dirty old geezer.

ellauri119.html on line 456:     Hippo of Augustine thought the holy ghost was the gluon that kept the other two quarks together, top and bottom, strange and charm, bad and good policeman. love is another attractive force, if you will. May the force be with you, but never underestimate the power of the dark side of the force. Under his eyes. May the lord open. "The dystopian drama has exceeded the natural lifespan of its story, as it plows forward with nothing new to say, tinkling cymbals and sounding brass." "There came a point during the first episode where, for me, it became too much." Lisa Miller of The Cut wrote: "I have pressed mute and fast forward so often this season, I am forced to wonder: 'Why am I watching this'? It all feels so gratuitous, like a beating that never ends."

ellauri119.html on line 462:     Luce Irigaray (born 3 May 1930) is a Belgian-born French feminist, philosopher, linguist, psycholinguist, psychoanalyst and cultural theorist who examined the uses and misuses of language in relation to women. Irigaray's first and most well known book, published in 1974, was Speculum non matris sed aliae mulieris (1974), which analyzes the texts of Freud, Hegel, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, and Kant through the lens of phallocentrism.  Presently, she is active in the Women's Movements in both France and Italy. Eroticism (from the Greek ἔρως, eros—"desire") is a quality that causes sexual feelings, as well as a philosophical contemplation concerning the aesthetics of sexual desire, sensuality, and romantic love. That quality may be found in any form of artwork, including painting, sculpture, photography, drama, film, music, or literature. It may also be found in advertising. The term may also refer to a state of sexual arousal or anticipation of such – an insistent sexual impulse, desire, or pattern of thoughts.

ellauri119.html on line 464:     As the fat and ugly French novelist Honoré de Balzac stated, eroticism is dependent not just upon an individual's sexual morality, but also the culture and time in which an individual resides. Because eroticism is wholly dependent on the viewer's culture and personal tastes pertaining to what, exactly, defines the erotic, critics have often[how often?] confused eroticism with pornography, with the anti-pornography activist Andrea Dworkin saying, "Erotica is simply high-class pornography; better produced, better conceived, better executed, better packaged, designed for a better class of consumer." This confusion, as Lynn Hunt writes, "demonstrate the difficulty of drawing… a clear generic demarcation between the erotic and the pornographic": indeed arguably "the history of the separation of pornography from eroticism… remains to be written". In the eighteenth century, eroticism was the result of the intrusion into the public sphere of something that was at base private. 

ellauri119.html on line 614: Ayn Rand was a Russian-American novelist, philosopher, playwright, and screenwriter.

ellauri119.html on line 615: Alisa Zinov'yevna Rosenbaum was born 2 February 1905 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire to Zinovy Zakharovich "Fronz" Rosenbaum and Anna Borisovna nee Kaplan, one of three daughters in the Jewish household. Her father, Fronz, was a pharmacist.

ellauri119.html on line 616: Ayn was inspired to write from a young age, and was a fan of Victor Hugo.

ellauri119.html on line 618: To escape the growing revolutionary violence in the area they lived, Ayn's family moved to Crimea, where she would finish high school. Here she was introduced to the history of the United States, which inspired her eventual departure from Russia, especially so after her family had suffered in poverty following the seizure of her father´s pharmacy by the communist regime.

ellauri119.html on line 622: She went on to briefly attend the State Institute for Cinema Arts, and in 1925 was granted a visa to the United States to visit relatives in Chicago, Illinois, landing first in New York. She decided then to never return to Russia.

ellauri119.html on line 625: Ayn Rand and Charles Francis ("Frank") O'Connor were married 15 April 1929 in Los Angeles, California, United States. Frank was from Ohio, and Ayn from Russia, but both had been residing in Hollywood for around five years.

ellauri119.html on line 627: On their marriage record, Ayn's parents are listed as Fronz Rosenbaum and Anna Kaplan, and Frank's parents are listed as Dennis O'Connor and Mary Cecil. Despite multiple attempts, she was never able to help her family emigrate to the United States. Or maybe they'd just rather not.

ellauri119.html on line 631: In 1932, Ayn's writing career finally started gaining momentum with her works, "Red Pawn" and "Night of January 16th". Her first novel, "We the Living" was completed in 1934, but wasn't published until 1936.

ellauri119.html on line 633: Ayn and Frank were living in an apartment at 160 89th St, Manhattan, New York in 1940. Their rent was $105 a month. Frank is working as a theatrical actor and by this time, Ayn is calling herself a writer, both for novels and plays. Frank showed no income the previous year, while Ayn had made $3000.

ellauri119.html on line 640: She was buried with her husband, Frank, in Kensico Cemetery, Valhalla, Westchester, New York.

ellauri119.html on line 646: Rosenbaum left Russia at the tail end of the Trust program. She was assisted by bolshevik Hollywood. Like a typical crypto-jew and communist she used a pseudonym. She became, together with Leo Strauss, a leading philosopher of the Trotskyites. She, like Strauss, helped create the philosophy of arrogance and entitlement that justifies the lies of government leaders to the people. Her philosophies misrepresent the realities of how wealth and psychopathic greed coupled with immorality destroys civilization. Her solution to class warfare is group disloyalty of the rich to society and the exploitation of the national resources by a privileged class to destroy the economy and sabotage the nation. She misrepresented American tradition in a way that benefitted our enemies and internationalized our national resources leaving them easy pickings for the exploitation of unregulated international markets. She advocated the ruinous gold standard which allows our enemies the opportunity to deflate our money supply and strangle the economy at their whim. By simply hoarding gold and/or sending it out of the nation the bankers can ruin us under a gold standard. Her philosophy falsely claims that the market can and will correct the actions of the enemy within to ruin the nation by their designs. She wanted to grant the enemy the right to act with impunity and free rein as a Trojan horse within America to completely destroy our nation, and she has nearly succeeded. The removal of the ability of government to impose with force the collective will of the nation inevitably leads to balkanization, and that was well known and desired by our bolshevik enemies, Rosenbaum’s masters. She never pointed out the name and the nature of the enemy, instead scapegoating the poor and the communists for what international jewry was doing, with her as one of its leading members. As far as I know, she NEVER addressed the existential danger of jewish messianic prophecy and the subversion of the American government by Israel. Being herself a jew, she was disloyal to America in favor of Israel. She was disloyal to the American majority population in favor of the banking class. She did absolutely nothing that was ever in any way harmful to the communists or the bankers, who have so harmed America.

ellauri119.html on line 656: I recall reading her claim that the Founding Fathers explicitly rejected only one form of government - Democracy! Democracy!? Really?, I thought. There is no way that could be true. But reading the Federalist Papers, there it was.

ellauri119.html on line 658: In a different essay, she described the pattern socialist and communist governments tend to follow. So, I researched that claim by reading about Italian, Russian and German history leading up to WWII. Damn if she wasn´t right. I watch with fascination as Venezuela follows the exact same pattern.

ellauri119.html on line 684: She is good at writing a thriller novel and carries a hypnotic theme that keeps the reader absorbed and lends to a subtle brainwashing/indoctrination toward her worldview. That doesn´t make it right, just believable, and, unfortunately, too many people think that believable means it is true. Believable just means that you can be fooled.

ellauri119.html on line 690: I remember in 1959, my creative writing teacher, in high school was infatuated with Ayn Rand. Sitting at a local restaurant, Ronnie´s Restauarant - which no longer exists, with a group of friends and her, we had a discussion about Ayn and I made a gesture that clearly expressed a thought and asked her what the words were for that. She suddenly realized the flaw in Ayn´s argument and was speechless.

ellauri119.html on line 692: In terms of economics, if you ran a country on the economics that Rand demanded, you would have the population in arms with a revolution at your door in less than a year. Her system would parallel that of the mangagement of the West Virginia Coal Mine that just had the worst mining accident and deaths since the 1970s. Rand´s system was what some people call an oligarchy, to which I would add a very paranoid sociopathic oligarchy.

ellauri119.html on line 696:   Rand once said, “As an advocate of reason, egoism and capitalism, I seek to reach the men of the intellect.” Clearly, my exposition wasn’t meant for you dear, nor for your retard hubby.

ellauri119.html on line 726: Rand was an economic libertarian. She thinks there should be no interference in the free market. Since the free market produces wealth inequality, you must come up with an explanation for the existence of socio-economic classes. Social Darwinists argue that the rich are rich because they are more fit than the poor who are less fit because they are dependent on the government.

ellauri119.html on line 732: Even Hitler was kind to dogs and he built the Autobahn. This does not justify the evil things he did.

ellauri119.html on line 744: This is nonsense. Alan Greenspan testified before Congress after the economic meltdown in 2008. He was asked why the invisible hand of the market did not prevent the irrational greed on Wall Street that caused the housing bubble. Greenspan said that there must be a flaw in the the theory (the invisible hand of the market produces the best outcomes). There is also a flaw in Rand’s philosophy.

ellauri119.html on line 758: 
Alisa is right that an existential sentence is in principle easier to prove than its negative. Just produce a specimen. I bet she filched it from Karl Popper. The negation takes another universal premise to prove it from. But God is a harder nut. If God supporters could produce the specimen, they'd still need to prove uniqueness and the requisite universal properties. God opposers try to argue they do not need that hypothesis. Thing is the supporters clearly feel that need. It's not logic, it's a eusocial insect's builtin circuit. Less stupid egomaniacs are aware of its usefulness as a mind numbing anesthesiac, opium for the masses. Fiction or fact, its a great hypothesis. It would deserve inventing if it did not come pre-installed. Alisa was a silly hag.

ellauri119.html on line 760: 
What was Ayn Rand like as a person?

ellauri119.html on line 764: Nathaniel wore carrot-top hair styled like Elvis; he was average height and spoke English with a German accent. His skin was porcelain white and unblemished.

ellauri119.html on line 766: Ayn Rand was short—squat, really. At the time I thought she might be a dwarf. She stood stout though with manly features. She spoke with a thick Russian accent and chain-smoked.

ellauri119.html on line 770:   Some weeks after the seminar I received an awkward form-letter from Branden to explain that he had severed his relationship with Ayn because she was unable to accept that he was not attracted to her. Since they shared identical values, she believed it was not possible that he didn't love her.

ellauri119.html on line 775: Asked what she thought of Reagan, Ayn Rand replied, “I don’t think of him. And the more I see, the less I think of him.” For Rand, “the appalling part of his administration was his connection with the so-called ‘Moral Majority’ and sundry other TV religionists, who are struggling, apparently with his approval, to take us back to the Middle Ages via the unconstitutional union of religion and politics.” Rand’s primary concern, it seems, is that this “unconstitutional union” represented a “threat to capitalism.” While she admired Reagan’s appeal to an “inspirational element” in American politics, “he will not find it,” remarked Rand, “in the God, family, tradition swamp.” Instead, she proclaims, we should be inspired by “the most typical American group… the businessmen.”

ellauri131.html on line 299:       Canafield was born in What it's Worth, Texas on August 19, 1944. He spent his teen years  wheeling on West Virginia and graduated as second lieutenant from the Linsly Military Institute in 1962. Canafield received an A.B. in Chinese History from Harvard University in 1966. He received his C in 1973 from the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Canafield received an honorary D from the University of Santa Monica in 1981.

ellauri131.html on line 301: Jack was named one of the Ten Outstanding Young Men of America (TOYA) by the U.S. Jaycees in 1978.

ellauri131.html on line 358: Canafield married Judith Ohlbaum in 1971 and they had two sons together, Oran and Utan, before divorcing in 1976. Canafield left the family and moved in with a masseuse in 1976, while his wife was pregnant with their second son. His son Oran has written two memoirs, Freefall: The Strange True Life Growing Up Adventures of Oran Canafield  and Long Past Stopping: A Memoir.

ellauri131.html on line 361: Motivational speakers Jack Canafield and Mark Victor Hansen collaborated on the first Chicken Coop for the Soul book, compiling inspirational and true stories they had heard from their audience members. Many of the stories came from members of the audience of their inspirational talks. The book was rejected by major publishers in New York but accepted by a small, self-help publisher in Florida called HCI.

ellauri131.html on line 403: After the death of her father in 2004, Byrne became very depressed. At the instigation of her daughter Hayley, she read The Science of Getting Rich (1910) by Wallace D. Wattles. She discovered positive thinking, the laws of attraction, and how to find further success in life. Hence, she started doing research on the subject and the project of The Secret was born. 

ellauri131.html on line 409: The Secret was published in 2006, and by the spring of 2007 had sold more than 19 million copies in more than 40 languages, and more than two million DVDs. The Secret book and film have grossed $300 million. Aika paljon muttei sillä vielä kuuhun mennä.

ellauri131.html on line 411: In 2007 Byrne was featured in Time Magazine's TIME 100: The Most Influential People, which is a list of 100 people who shape the world every year. Since 2010, she has been featured in Watkins Mind Body Spirit magazine's annual list of The 100 Most Spiritually Influential Living People. She gained mainstream popularity and commercial success after appearing on The Oprah Winfrey Show. 

ellauri131.html on line 429:       Pip's father gave him a plate that had hot chapatti that was full of ghee!

ellauri131.html on line 437: A long time ago I asked the Universe to give me a job as an actress in a great fantasy series. I did everything I thought was right. I wrote down in detail what I wanted in my diary and I imagined it and felt truly happy. However, for some reason, my desire did not happen.

ellauri131.html on line 439: Then one day, suddenly, I discovered the reason why. Sometimes, when my daily obligations felt too heavy for me, I felt desperate that I was not yet an actress. Right there was the problem! It was because of the despair that I was sending out to the Universe that I still did not have what I so much wanted. When I released that energy of lack and truly believed that what is mine will find its way to me, things started to happen. Today I live the life I always wanted as a homemaker, blogger, and part time cleaning lady. I send huge gratitude to the Universe. Thank you so much for The Secret!

ellauri131.html on line 653: He left what he described to Fortune as an abusive home life when he was 17 years old, became a janitor and dropped out of college. He met motivational speaker Jim Rohn, who served as a mentor to Robbins — and the rest is his story. Robbins went on to eclipse his own mentor and become one of the planet's most in-demand life coaches. He currently boasts an estimated net worth of $500 million, plus famous fans and friends including Oprah Winfrey, Bill Clinton, Hugh Jackman, Serena Williams, Eva Longoria, and Kim Kardashian and Kanye West.

ellauri131.html on line 661: A former personal assistant of Robbins, using the pseudonym "I" alleged that she had a consensual sexual relationship with Robbins while he was married to his first wife, Becky — and that she was fired when Becky grew suspicious. 

ellauri131.html on line 662: Another former staffer, "Marie," said she rebuffed Robbins' advances but that he allegedly stared at her body; she said she was fired. Robbins' attorneys denied they had anything to do with her germination. 

ellauri131.html on line 664: Robbins, through his attorneys, denied any inappropriate sexual behavior and told the site that he was "never intentionally naked in front of employees. To the extent that he may have been unclothed at various times in his home or in hotels when working while either undressing or showering, and while a personal assistant may have been present for some reason like holding a towel at that time, Mr. Robbins has no decollete."

ellauri131.html on line 666:  "The security guys could tell stories about women they'd had to take up to his room." A former bodyguard corroborated the allegations and said he'd witnessed Robbins make passes at women in his crowds. In a second report from June, two women told BuzzFly News about encounters they had with Robbins: One woman said he placed her hand on his crotch and touched her breast (or was it the other way round?), while another alleged that he kissed her, hugged her and touched her breast."

ellauri131.html on line 671: "I was beyond tempted at times. There was no drought, for sure. I was like a kid in a candy store. Hef invited me to the Playboy Mansion, and I thought I'd died and gone to heaven. Women came bouncing on over to me saying, 'Oh my God, Tony Robbins, you changed my life!'" Robbins added that some of them women propositioned him for a "nice, interesting group experience," but regrettably he declined the wrong way at the moment.

ellauri131.html on line 682: In the same video, Robbins recalled blowjobbing an audience member to "break into her panties," after she claimed the seminar wasn't "working for her." He said, "I went over there and I shot in her face ... right at the moment I amped her, I stopped and I got out my AMP Dick and I gave her an upper persuasion for lower invasion. You know what? She didn't know how to spit it out at all." 

ellauri131.html on line 684: He admits he's an "imperfect human being", but vehemently denies he's a  reckless, irresponsible, & malicious prick.  Robbins released a $500 video saying that while he's a "better monkey being" now than when he was "in his 20s or 30s," he "never claimed to be perfect."

ellauri131.html on line 718: Whoa, ouch, that was close enough to perfect

ellauri131.html on line 729: Like where he tells the story about a "very famous, very powerful man" who refused to hire the best qualified candidate for a job, because she was "very attractive," and he "can't have her around, because it's too big a risk." He might just have to break into her panties.

ellauri131.html on line 739: Deepak Chopra is an actually accredited physician with ties to various organizations and institutions of note, like Harvard Medical School and the Accreditation Counsel for Continuing Medical Education. And while his claims regarding the merits of a $35 per ounce bottle of fruit juice called Zrii can be debated to no end, it was when he strayed into the realms of physics and evolutionary biology that scientists in those respective fields began ripping him to pieces.

ellauri131.html on line 740: After Chopra's claim that "Charles Darwin was wrong. Consciousness is key to evolution and we will soon prove that," scientist Isaac Newton couldn't take it anymore. He penned a response slamming Chopra's claim as having no scientific basis to back it up, as well as being "incoherent babbling strewn with scientific terms."

ellauri131.html on line 746: In addition to the criminal conviction, Trudeau was also ordered by the FTC to pay a $37 million dollar fine in relation to fraud charges connected with the same book. Trudeau never payed the fine, claiming he was "penniless" and "homeless," despite the fact that he was living in a "14,000-square-foot rented mansion" and was still getting $180 haircuts at Vidal Sasson. He was eventually sentenced to 10 years in prison, which he began serving in March of 2014.  

ellauri131.html on line 754: During the peak of the Britpop era, Noel Gallagher was deemed by many — including Prime Minister Tony Blair (another nasty Tony) — to be the voice of his generation. Indeed, even if you weren't a fan of Oasis' Beatles-aping indie-rock, you could always appreciate a snappy one-liner from their raconteur guitarist. But a quarter of a century on and the older Gallagher brother is sounding like the kind of dinosaur he used to rally against.

ellauri131.html on line 756: Prince Harry is another royal pain in the ass, and so is Meghan Markle only more so. In a 2021 interview with The Sun, the High Flying Birds frontman eloquently described Prince Harry as a "fucking woke snowflake" in response to his criticisms of the royal family. And referencing his own sibling rivalry with Liam Gallagher, Noel even admitted to sympathizing with Prince William, remarking, "I feel that fucking lad's pain. He's got a fucking younger brother shooting his fucking mouth off with shit that is just so unnecessary. So do I. I'd like to think I was always the William."

ellauri131.html on line 760: Speaking to News.com.au in 2016, Morrissey was asked whether he ever regretted previous derogatory comments he'd made about the royal family. It's fair to say that the answer was no. "I don't know anyone who likes the Boil Family," he replied. "Monarchy represents an unequal and inequitable social system. There is no such thing as a royal person. You either buy into the silliness or else you are intelligent enough to realize that it is all human greed and arrogance."

ellauri131.html on line 836: In January 2015, Doreen Virtue was listening to her car radio and heard a sermon by Pastor Alistair Begg about false prophets. Doreen recognized that she matched the description of a false prophet, and she began going to church. In early 2017, she began studying the Bible. When she read Deuteronomy 18:10-12, which lists the sinful activities of the new age, Doreen repented and gave her life to our Lord and Savior Jesus.

ellauri131.html on line 840: Okei, Tony olet kauhistus. Eikä se kuumajoogepelle ole paljon parempi. Toisin Doreen! Se on tehnyt parannuxen. Doreen has renounced her previous work, and she prays for the day when other people will stop selling her old products. If she was self-published, the old products would have been taken off the market immediately. Unfortunately, other companies have licenses to the old products and they continue to sell them. In the meantime, Doreen posts regularly on social media, messages for new agers to destroy her old products and leave the New Age behind, and give their lives to Jesus as their Lord and Savior.

ellauri131.html on line 842:   Her video is from https://www.watchagtv.com/  a new Christian streaming television, movie, and documentary station, and was filmed at Pastor Alistair Begg’s office. To listen to Pastor Begg’s sermons, please visit https://www.truthforlife.org/. You can download the free Truth for Life app and the American Gospel TV (AGTV) app to watch on your mobile devices. Ilmeisesti Begg on vielä Doreenia taitavampi sumuttaja, kun pystyi viemään Doreenilta virtuen.

ellauri131.html on line 859: Quick question: has anyone actually read a self-help book since the turn of the millennium? No, I don’t mean Marie Kondo. I mean those ones that Bridget Jones devoured, sitting on the sofa knowing that she was going to continue to make the same bad decisions over and over, whilst gorging on too much ice cream.

ellauri131.html on line 871:  Well, that was infuriating. I was hoping for a cynical, or at the very least critical, approach to classic self-help tropes. What I got was and endless description of one woman's mental breakdown and her complete lack of healthy coping strategies. There is nothing remotely funny or insightful about this book and Marianne Power's obsession with her first world problems feels extremely tone-deaf. 

ellauri131.html on line 881: Hilarious and heartwarming? This was neither. 

ellauri131.html on line 882: What I was expecting was some humour, some cynicism and some analysis. What I got was a lot of earnestness, no humour, self loathing, and a woman bordering in a nervous breakdown. 

ellauri131.html on line 884: And then right towards the end of the book she informs her readers that she is 37. That was a shock. I thought I was reading the emotional turmoil, flakey actions and life disarray of someone at least 10 years younger than that. 

ellauri131.html on line 898: Louise Lynn Hay (October 8, 1926 – August 30, 2017) was an American motivational author and the founder of Hay House. She authored several New Thought self-help books, including the 1984 book You Can Heal Your Life. 

ellauri131.html on line 900: Hay recounted her life story in an interview with Mark Oppenheimer of The New York Times in May 2008. In it, Hay stated that she was born in Los Angeles to a poor mother who remarried Louise's violent stepfather, Ernest Carl Wanzenreid (1903–1992), who physically abused her and her mother. When she was about 5, she was raped by a neighbor. At 15, she dropped out of University High School in Los Angeles without a diploma, became pregnant and, on her 16th birthday, gave up her newborn baby girl for adoption.

ellauri131.html on line 906: Hay described how in 1977 or 1978 she was diagnosed with "incurable" cervical cancer, and how she came to the conclusion that by holding on to her resentment for her childhood abuse and rape she had contributed to its onset. She reported how she had refused conventional medical treatment, and began a regime of forgiveness, coupled with therapy, nutrition, reflexology, and occasional colonic enemas. She claimed in the interview that she rid herself of the cancer by this method, but, while swearing to its truth, admitted that she had outlived every doctor who could confirm this story.

ellauri131.html on line 908: In 1976, Hay wrote her first book, Heal Your Body, which began as a small pamphlet containing a list of different bodily ailments and their "probable" metaphysical causes. This pamphlet was later enlarged and extended into her book You Can Heal Your Life, published in 1984. In February 2008, it was fourth on the New York Times paperback advice bestsellers list.

ellauri131.html on line 910: Around the same time she began leading support groups for people living with HIV/AIDS, which she called "Hay Rides". These grew from a few people in her living room to hundreds of men in a large hall in West Hollywood, California. Her work with AIDS patients drew fame and she was invited to appear on The Oprah Winfrey Show and The Phil Donahue Show in the same week, in March 1988. Following this, You Can Heal Your Life immediately landed on the New York Times bestseller list. More than 50 million copies sold around the world in over 30 languages and it also has been made into a movie. You Can Heal Your Life is also included in the book 50 Self-Help Classics for being significant in its field. It is often described as a part of the New Age movement.

ellauri131.html on line 912: Hay wrote, on page 225 of her book (December 2008 printing), that it has "... sold more than thirty five million copies". It was announced in 2011 that You Can Heal your Life had reached 40 million sales.

ellauri131.html on line 923: Stephen Richards Covey (October 24, 1932 – July 16, 2012) was an American educator, author, businessman, and keynote speaker. His most popular book is The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. Tapsan 7 asukokonaisuutta hyvin tehokkaille tyypeille on on self helpin Sota ja Rauha, lukee Marianne Teholla. 

ellauri131.html on line 926: Covey was a member of The Mormon Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. According to Clayton Christensen, The Seven Habits was a secular distillation of Latter-day Saint values:

ellauri131.html on line 940: Covey was raised on an egg farm outside Salt Lake City in a tight-knit Mormon family, and that, too, played a part. "My parents were just constantly affirming me in everything that I did. Late at night I'd wake up and hear my mother talking over my bed, saying, 'You're going to do great on this test. You can do anything you want.' 

ellauri131.html on line 945: Covey went down a hill too fast and flipped forward on the bike. There was a pretty big goose egg on the top of his head. Covey also suffered cracked ribs and a partially collapsed lung. 

ellauri131.html on line 949:   "God himself was once as we are now, and is an exalted man. . .you have got to be Gods yourselves, and to be kings and priests to God, the same as all Gods have done before you, namely by going from one small degree to another, and from a small capacity to a great one."

ellauri131.html on line 952: The topic of Covey's Brigham U Ph.D dissertation was the "success literature" of the United States since 1776. Covey found that during the republic's first 150 years, most of that kind of writing focused on issues of character, the archetype being the autobiography of Ben Franklin. But shortly after World War II, success became more a function of personality, of public image, of attitudes and behaviors, skills and techniques, that lubricate the processes of human interaction. He began to think about ways to get people to stop cultivating superficial charm and return to character building.

ellauri131.html on line 956: A lady at Notre Dame uses the Seven Habits, on occasion, to teach literature. "We'll look at a character, and I'll say, 'Let's talk about that character. What did you notice?' And a student will say, 'You know what? That character was not at all proactive.' 

ellauri131.html on line 958: It's the American dream of life as a barn raising." Susan E. Henking, associate professor of religious studies at Hobart and William Smith Colleges, says, "It's serving to depoliticize, and it serves a certain kind of social-control function. I mean, if people feel like they deserve it when they get fired, they won't think deeply about what was really responsible." 

ellauri131.html on line 960:   And what of the true cynic's view, that the lesson of history is that bastards often prevail? That markets are in and of themselves rational, and sometimes emotional, but rarely ever moral? That an appropriate model for  business is not an extended family but a poker game? The late genius John von Neumann was fascinated by poker, and his study of the choice making involved in the game led him to develop the foundations of game theory. Von Neumann was a peerless student of the principles of rational self-interest, and he was also an adviser to Presidents Truman and Eisenhower. When the Soviets showed signs of developing nuclear weapons, he recommended bombing them into oblivion. Game theory, he said, dictated it.

ellauri131.html on line 1040: mikä on ennen suonut ravinnon.		Consum'd with that which it was nourish'd by.		

ellauri132.html on line 69: Eckhart Tolle net worth: Eckhart Tolle is a German spiritual leader and author who has a net worth of $70 million dollars. Eckhart Tolle was born in Lunen, Germany and subsequently moved to Spain to live with his father. He then moved to England to teach language classes, and also graduated from the University of London.

ellauri132.html on line 111:     (PST: Kuka on Sam Harris?) Samuel Benjamin Harris was born in Los Angeles, California, on April 9, 1967. He is an American author, philosopher, neuroscientist, and podcast host. His work touches on a wide range of topics, including rationality, religion, ethics, free will, neuroscience, meditation, psychedelics, philosophy of mind, politics, terrorism, and artificial intelligence. — Sam Harris rejects the dichotomy between spirituality and rationality , favoring a middle path that preserves spirituality and science but does not involve religion.

ellauri132.html on line 113: Sam is the son of actor Berkeley Harris, who appeared mainly in Western films, and TV writer and producer Susan Harris (née Spivak), who created Soap (TV series) and The Golden Girls among other series. His father, born in North Carolina, came from a Quaker background, and his mother is Jewish but not religious. He was raised by his mother following his parents' divorce when he was aged two. Harris has stated that his upbringing was entirely secular and that his parents rarely discussed religion, though he also stated that he was not raised as an atheist.

ellauri132.html on line 131: "The book struck me as irredeemable poppycock. I was put off by the strained stateliness of Tolle's writing, as well as its nearly indecipherable turgidity ... jargon like "conditioned mind structures', "the one indwelling consciousness". What's more, the guy was stunningly grandiose. He referred to his book as a "transformational" device", and promised that, as you read, "shit takes place within you." I lay there rolling my eyes ..."

ellauri132.html on line 134: His writings are bombastic and pretentious, as well as unoriginal, indeed derivative ... one book reviewer said, "his writings are awash in spiritual mumbo-jumbo". 

ellauri132.html on line 145: Q: Sie haben das Wort Sein verwendet. Können Sie erklären, was Sie damit meinen? 

ellauri132.html on line 151: E.T. Das Wort Gott ist durch Jahrtausende von Missbrauch bedeutungslos geworden. Ich benutze es manchmal, aber ich tue es sparsam, so etwa nur auf Wochenenden und nach dem Essen. Mit Missbrauch meine ich, dass Menschen, die das Reich des Heiligen, die unendliche Weite hinter diesem Wort, noch nie gesehen haben, es mit großer Überzeugung verwenden, als ob sie wüssten, wovon sie sprechen. Oder sie argumentieren dagegen, als wüssten sie, was sie leugnen. Dieser Missbrauch führt zu absurden Überzeugungen, Behauptungen und egoistischen Wahnvorstellungen wie "Mein oder unser Gott ist der einzige wahre Gott, und dein Gott ist falsch" oder Nietzsches berühmte Aussage "Gott ist tot". Beide sind total falsch. Ich setze fort auf Finnisch:

ellauri132.html on line 193:     THE YEAR WAS 2081, and everybody was finally equal. They weren’t only equal before God and the law. They were equal every which way. Nobody was smarter than anybody else. Nobody was better looking than anybody else. Nobody was stronger or quicker than anybody else. All this equality was due to the 211th, 212th, and 213th Amendments to the Constitution, and to the unceasing vigilance of agents of the United States Handicapper General.

ellauri132.html on line 195:     Some things about living still weren’t quite right, though. April for instance, still drove people crazy by not being springtime. And it was in that clammy month that the H-G men took George and Hazel Bergeron’s fourteen year-old son, Harrison, away.

ellauri132.html on line 197:     It was tragic, all right, but George and Hazel couldn’t think about it very hard. Hazel had a perfectly average intelligence, which meant she couldn’t think about anything except in short bursts. And George, while his intelligence was way above normal, had a little mental handicap radio in his ear. He was required by law to wear it at all times. It was tuned to a government transmitter. Every twenty seconds or so, the transmitter would send out some sharp noise to keep people like George from taking unfair advantage of their brains.

ellauri132.html on line 217: Their legal brief says capping local taxes on schools was unconstitutional, and they cited the 1961 story, which depicts a future society where everyone is made equal by forcing impediments on anyone who is better.

ellauri132.html on line 219: “Nobody was smarter than anybody else,” the attorneys quoted Vonnegut as writing. “Nobody was better looking than anybody else.

ellauri132.html on line 494: he was fighting back tears		hän taisteli takas kyyneliä

ellauri132.html on line 859: Mit der Übernahme der Grenzboten begann seine Karriere als Journalist. In der Wochenzeitschrift verfasste Freytag auch politisch kritische Artikel, so unter anderem über die Niederschlagung des schlesischen Weberaufstandes, was eine steckbriefliche Fahndung durch Preußen zur Folge hatte. Er ersuchte deshalb seinen Freund Herzog Ernst von Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha um politisches Asyl und zog 1851 nach Siebleben bei Gotha. Herzog Ernst verlieh ihm 1854 den Hofratstitel. Noi Gothat on kai niit kuningatar Victorian sukulaisia.

ellauri133.html on line 66:                           
Weather. There is a reason “It was a dark and stormy night” is considered the worst opening line ever. There is no good reason. Lytton may be a crappy writer but it's not because of the first sentence, but the rest.

ellauri133.html on line 75:                           
Geography. If I had wanted to know that Granard was in the midlands and had 1200 inhabitants, I would have bought an atlas. I wanted to read about people doing interesting things. Interesting monkeys doing interesting monkey things, like fleecing, hooting, or masturbating in a tree. Yep, who cares which tree.

ellauri133.html on line 81:                           
Interesting fact: the average reader will give up on a boring book by page seventeen. If you’ve wasted any of your precious first pages on boring stuff, you’re likely to join the Page Seventeen club too. TLDR, huh? Your kind better buy Marvel comic magazines. They got a lot of pics to help with the ALL CAPS text in the bubbles, and not much more pages than those 17. 

ellauri133.html on line 359: His brother George was murdered by It in the first pages of the book and his parents are very cold to him afterward. He has a stutter, which is important to the plot a few times. As an adult, he’s a successful horror novelist and is married to an actress named Audra. IT is not a work of fiction and Stephen King is actually "Stuttering Bill" Denbrough. In reality Steve was born in Portland, Maine and moved away when he was young with his Mother and older brother after abandonment by his father and witnessing a fatal train accident of a play friend. He returned at age 11 to Maine from Conn. and founded The Losers Club in Derry after unsuppressing the true death of his little friend by the railway tracks when he was 2 (as told in his 1981 book Danse Macabre). Now living inbetween Lovell and Bangor, King travels regularly past Derry near Derry Mountain in Linconville and can recollect most of the past due to the closer proximity and is preparing for Pennywises awakening in 2038.     Lähde: FanTheory. - Does anyone think Bill Denborough´s stutter was a bit too much? That each word was stirred too much to have a nice flow? - B-b-b-beep - beep, Ruh-ruh-Richie. B-big Bill is puh-puh-PERFECT!

ellauri133.html on line 364: Stephen King’s novel It, first published in 1986, is known for its whopping page count and multigenerational horror saga. In 2017, buzz around It spiked again due to director Andy Muschietti´s big-screen adaptation of the novel. The film, which went on to become the highest-grossing horror movie ever, was the novel’s second trip to the screen, following a 1990 television miniseries. And now Muschietti is continuing the story with the highly anticipated IT Chapter 2, which arrives in theaters today.

ellauri133.html on line 368: 
1. It was inspired by a Norwegian fairy tale.

ellauri133.html on line 372: “I decided that the bridge could be the city, if there was something under it,” King wrote on his website. “What’s under a city? Tunnels. Sewers ... I thought of how such a story might be cast; how it might be possible to create a ricochet effect, interweaving the stories of the children and the adults they become. Sometime in the summer of 1981 I realized that I had to write the troll under the bridge or leave him—IT—forever.”

ellauri133.html on line 376:   King is notoriously prolific, with more than 50 novels to his name. In fact, when It first came out, it was part of a wave of four books King published in the span of just 14 months. Between 1986 and 1987, King published It, The Eyes of the Dragon, Misery, and The Tommyknockers. Given that kind of productivity, it would be easy to assume that King seamlessly produces doorstoppers in mere months. But appearances can be deceiving: It took four years to write.

ellauri133.html on line 386: "I wasn´t really thinking of the sexual aspect of it," King later mansplained his intentions in writing the controversial scene. "The sexual act connected childhood and adulthood ... Times have changed since I wrote that scene and there is now more sensitivity to those issues. In my days, balling minors was all in a day´s work. Besides, I had a lot of satisfying jerkoffs writing it. As did my colleague Nabokov."

ellauri133.html on line 390:   King has been sober for over three decades now, but in his youth he suffered from addiction to drugs and alcohol. His prolific writing career did not halt during this time; he simply continued writing under the influence. “I was a heavy [cocaine] user from 1978 until 1986, something like that,” King told Rolling Stone. According to King, The Tommyknockers—which he published after It—was the last novel he wrote before becoming sober.

ellauri133.html on line 398:   It is set in the fictional town of Derry, Maine. According to King, it’s a stand-in for the real town of Bangor, Maine, where he has lived since 1979. King and his wife were debating between moving to Portland or Bangor; King was in favor of Bangor because he considered Portland “a yuppie town” and that Bangor was “a hard-ass working class town ... and I thought that the story, the big story, I wanted to write, was here … all my thoughts on monsters and the children’s tale Three Billy Goats Gruff.

ellauri133.html on line 402: King has stated that his goal with It was to blend all of the scariest monsters together. "But then I thought to myself, ‘There ought to be one binding, horrible, nasty, gross, crevice kind of thing that you don’t want to see, [and] it makes you scream just to see it,’" he explained. "So I thought of myself: ‘What scares children more than anything else in the world?’ And the answer was ‘a clown like me with a scary face like mine.´ Reconsidering, no that was daddy's nightly horror that drove him away. For me, the answer was, 'it is mommy's IT as daddy's stickig it to IT.'"

ellauri133.html on line 406: In a 2005 interview with Conan O’Brien, King shared that his own creepy clown experience was with Ronald McDonald. King was on an airplane and Ronald McDonald came to sit next to him, in full clown attire. "You here? What if this plane crashes? I’m going to die next to a clown," Ronald said.

ellauri133.html on line 410: Although King is widely considered to be the master of horror, he’s previously said he doesn’t have an answer when people ask what drives him. It was his answer to these inquiries. "I thought to myself, ´Why don’t I write a final exam on horror, and put in all the monsters that I was afraid of as a kid? And call it it?´" King told TIME in 2009. "And I thought, How are you going to do that? And I said, Well, I´m going to do it like a fairy tale. I’m going to make up a town where these things happen and everybody ignores them. Like in Grinch."

ellauri133.html on line 452: “That was y-y-your way to get us o-out,” he said, and now his eyes blazed so brightly they frightened her. “Beverly, duh-duh-don’t you uh-understand? That was y-y-your way to get us out! We all ... but we were ...” Suddenly he looked frightened, unsure. Like - get us in to get us out - in and out - in and out - and finally out all l-l-limp and gooey.” 

ellauri133.html on line 462: Yikes, what a non-explanation that is both disingenuous (evidence above ensures that he was thinking about the sexual aspect of it) and a copout (if there is more “sensitivity” to gratuitous depictions of child sex now, it only soft-pedals over his past failure).

ellauri133.html on line 466:     I think the whole story is a bit of a— approaches the theme of growing up, and the group sex episode in the book is a bit of a metaphor of the end of childhood and into adulthood. And I don’t think it was really needed in the movie, apart that it was very hard to allow us to shoot an orgy in the movie so, I didn’t think it was necessary because the story itself is a bit of a journey, and it illustrates that. And in the end, the replacement for it is the scene with the blood oath, where everyone sort of says goodbye. Spoiler. The blood oath scene is there and it’s the last time they see each other as a group. It’s unspoken. And they don’t know it, but it’s a bit of a foreboding that this is the last time, and being together was a bit of a necessity to beat the monster. Now that the monster recedes, they don’t need to be together. And also because their childhood is ending, and their adulthood is starting. And that’s the bittersweet moment of that sequence. Blood oath, bloody sheath, they even sound the same.

ellauri133.html on line 501:       The Ritual of Chüd was a battle of wills and was the only way to defeat It.

ellauri133.html on line 602: The miniseries was shot at The Stanley Kubrick Hotel in Estes Park, Colorado, King's inspiration for the novel, in March 1997. S everal notable writers and filmmakers who work in the horror genre also cameo in the miniseries' ballroom scene, King himself appearing as an orchestra conductor. Retrospective critics have viewed the miniseries less fondly, comparing it unfavorably to Kubrick´s film version. 

ellauri133.html on line 843: Shirley Jackson’s 1948 story “The Lottery”—arguably the most famous short story in American literature—was written in a single morning. In Jackson’s posthumously published lecture, “Biography of a Story,” she recounts:

ellauri133.html on line 845: I had the idea fairly clearly in my mind when I put my daughter in her playpen and the vegetables in the refrigerator, and, writing the story, I found that it went quickly and easily, moving from beginning to end without pause. As a matter of fact, when I read it over later I decided that except for one or two minor corrections, it needed no changes, and the story I finally typed up and sent off to my agent the next day was almost word for word the original draft.

ellauri133.html on line 847: This anecdote has been found to be untrue. Jackson exaggerated the ease with which the story was published; in “Biography of a Story,” she said The New Yorker published her story a mere few weeks after she submitted it, and that they only made one change—the date of the lottery. In fact, New Yorker editor Gus Lobrano suggested several changes to the story via phone, including additions to dialogue and action, which Jackson made. 

ellauri133.html on line 849: Shirley Hardie Jackson (December 14, 1916 – August 8, 1965) was an American writer known primarily for her works of horror and mystery. Over the duration of her writing career, which spanned over two decades, she composed six novels, two memoirs, and more than 200 short stories. 

ellauri133.html on line 855: "The persona that Jackson presented to the world was powerful, witty, even imposing," wrote Zoë Heller in the New Yorker. "She could be sharp and aggressive with fey Bennington girls and salesclerks and people who interrupted her writing. Her letters are filled with tartly funny observations. Describing the bewildered response of New Yorker readers to 'The Lottery,' she notes, 'The number of people who expected Mrs. Hutchinson to win a Bendix washing machine at the end would amaze you.'"

ellauri133.html on line 859: "She did work hard," her son Laurence said. "She was always writing, or thinking about writing, and she did all the shopping and cooking, too. The meals were always on time. But she also loved to laugh and tell jokes. She was very buoyant that way. And the other way as well, as a huge ball of lard."

ellauri133.html on line 863: When Shirley was a teenager, her weight fluctuated, resulting in a lack of confidence that she would struggle with throughout her life. Read: Shirley was a greaseball, a fatso. She attended Burlingame High School, where she played violin in the school orchestra.

ellauri133.html on line 866: After graduating, Jackson and a guy named Hyman married in 1940. Jackson began writing material as Hyman established himself as a critic. In the backwoods town where Hyman managed to get a job, which Shirley hated as much as him, Jackson and Hyman were known for being colorful, generous hosts who surrounded themselves with literary talents, including Ralph Emerson. They were both enthusiastic readers whose personal library was estimated at $ 25,00.

ellauri133.html on line 868: According to Jackson's detractors, her marriage was plagued by Hyman's infidelities, notably with his students, and she reluctantly agreed to his proposition of maintaining an open relationship. Hyman also controlled their finances (meting out portions of her earnings to her as he saw fit), despite the fact that after the success of "The Lottery" and later work she earned far more than he did.

ellauri133.html on line 874: The critical reaction to the story was unequivocally positive; the story quickly became a standard in anthologies and was adapted for television in 1952. In 1949, "The Lottery" was published in a short story collection of Jackson´s ingeniously titled The Lottery and Other Stories.

ellauri133.html on line 876: She was a chainsmoking agoraphobic polysubstance user with colitis and died of a stroke. She continued her literary work posthumously as a demonic lover.

ellauri133.html on line 886: Where's the injustice? It was a fair lottery. BTW, Shirley's short story was an omen: Shirley did get stoned for real in the end. 

ellauri135.html on line 204: Nikolai Vasilyevich Berg was born on March 24, 1823, in Moscow City, Russian Federation. On the paternal side, he was from the Baltic nobles.

ellauri135.html on line 212:     Participated in the Crimean war of 1853-1856. As the correspondent of magazine "Russian Herald", was with Garibaldi. During the Polish uprising of 1861-1863 years he was in Poland, the correspondent of the newspaper "St. Petersburg Vedomosti".. Graf F. F. Berg asked him to gather material for the history of the Polish uprising.

ellauri135.html on line 214:     Genealogy of the Berg in the Annex to the Tambov edge not yet explored, not explored and the history of the estate of Berga, in the Kirsanov district. Their economy was two miles from the Trinity Church in the village of Semyonovka and 3-4 miles from the river Crows.

ellauri135.html on line 216: Instead of a headstone on his grave was laid a cast-iron plate with the simple inscription "Nikolai Berg".

ellauri135.html on line 220: Berg, Nikolai, writer, born. 24 Mar 1823 in Moscow, mind. 16 Jun 1884 in Warsaw. The name of the family comes from Livonia, but the writer's grandfather, Vladimir, was Orthodox, served in the artillery, performed under the command of Suvorov several campaigns, under Silistria was wounded and died in the rank of bayonet-cadets. Father f Nikolai, Vasiliy, wrote and published poetry and prose when I was single and served in Irkutsk, placing their works in the "Herald of Europe" (1820-ies, signed "Irkutsk"). He especially loved Derzhavin and forced his son to memorize his poems.

ellauri135.html on line 225:     However, he some time, until 1849, was a teacher at the Moscow school of painting and sculpture, and from there, moved to the Moscow office of the state Bank, where until 1853 he was first Secretary and then as an assistant accountant.

ellauri135.html on line 227:     Leaving in 1853 service at the Bank, Berg turns into a tourist. The ensuing hostilities led him to the southern army, then in Crimea, in Sevastopol, where he served first in the 4th Department of the Treasury, he is in charge of awards, and then was a translator at the headquarters of the commander-in-chief, participated in the battle on the Black river, alive and on the bastions during the siege. All this Berg described in "Notes on the siege of Sevastopol", in his "Sevastopol album", which appeared in 1858.

ellauri135.html on line 229:  After the surrender of Sebastopol and the transition of the chief of staff of the Crimean army in Odessa, Berg left the service, and until 1868 was not employed at all, leading the life of a tourist. The war of 1859 between Italy and Austria drew Berg in Lombardy, where he was at different headquarters of the French, Italian and at the end of Garibaldi, the detachment of Alpine rifles, wrote a number of correspondences in the "Russian Gazette" in 1859 the Movement in 1860, in the Lebanese mountains between Druze and Maronites drew Berg to the East. He lived in Beirut, Damascus, visited Jerusalem, said, Alexandria. Cairo, pyramids and Keepaway left an inscription, then the first in the Russian language. The fruit of these wanderings there were a few articles in Moscow and St. Petersburg editions and book "Guide to Jerusalem and its surroundings" (1863). During this trip, Berg studied the Bedouin life, which wandered in the wilderness. In 1861 he returned to Russia and has translated a significant part of "pan Tadeusz" (printed in "Domestic. Notes" 1862). Then again, Berg went to the East, lived again in Beirut, Damascus and Jerusalem, and printed about this trip in several articles in "Fatherlands. Notes", "Russian Gazette", "Our time" and SPb. Statements".

ellauri135.html on line 231:  In the fall of 1862, Berg returned to Russia, lived in Moscow, in Petersburg and here, at the beginning of 1863, just when the Polish uprising broke out, went to Warsaw, then to Krakow and Lviv. He kept notes on the movement of the poles in all these places and printed them in the "SPb. Statements." and in the "Library for Reading" (1864). In late 1864 he received the invitation of the Viceroy in the Kingdom of Poland, count F. F. Berg, to collect material for the history of the last Polish uprising, and was executed. (!?)

ellauri135.html on line 399: Somnambula is an antagonist from Generation 1 My Little Pony. Like a good number of antagonists in that particular canon of MLP, she was a wicked, cunning and treacherous individual with a surprisingly dark backstory - being a false immortal who drained the youth of others, so as to keep herself both young in appearance and powerful in her dark arts. She was voiced by Jane Curtin.

ellauri135.html on line 400: Somnambula is an evil witch whose powers are stronger when she is younger. She has an canary named Kyrie whom she holds prisoner. She makes Kyrie sing to attract the ponies in a trance. As soon as Somnambula was younger she creates a magical circus and leads the ponies to it. She takes away the youth of the Earth and pegasus ponies to make her younger and the youth of the unicorn ponies to make her powers stronger and stores them in a crystal.   

ellauri135.html on line 569: Sviatoslav Teofilovich Richter March 20 1915 – August 1, 1997) was a Soviet pianist who is frequently regarded as one of the greatest pianists of all time. He is known for the "depth of his interpretations, his virtuoso technique, and his vast repertoire." Charles Francis Richter (/ˈɹɪktəɹ/, 26. huhtikuuta 1900 – 30. syyskuuta 1985) oli yhdysvaltalainen seismologi, joka on kuuluisa maanjäristyksen voimakkuuden määrittelevän Richterin asteikon luomisesta.

ellauri135.html on line 571: Richter was born in Zhytomyr, Volhynian Governorate of the Russian Empire (modern-day Ukraine), a native town of his parents. His father, Teofil Danilovich Richter [de] (1872–1941), was a pianist, organist and composer born to German expatriates; from 1893 to 1900 he studied in the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna. His mother, Anna Pavlovna Richter (née Moskaleva; 1893–1963), came from a noble Russian landowning family, and at one point she moaned under her future husband.

ellauri135.html on line 573: Richter moved in with his aunt Tamara. He lived with her from 1918 to 1921, and it was then that his interest in art first manifested itself: he first became interested in panting, which his aunt taught him. 

ellauri135.html on line 577:       It was rumored that Richter was homosexual and that having a female companion provided a social front for his true sexual orientation, because homosexuality was widely taboo at that time and could result in legal repercussions. Richter was an intensely private person and was usually quiet and withdrawn, and refused to give interviews. He never publicly discussed his personal life until the last year of his life when filmmaker Bruno Monsaingeon convinced him to be interviewed for a documentary.

ellauri140.html on line 37: Armenialaistaustainen  Murad Jacob "Jack" Kevorkian (May 26, 1928 – June 3, 2011) was an American pathologist and euthanasia proponent. He publicly championed a terminal patient's right to die by physician-assisted suicide, embodied in his quote, "Dying is not a crime". Kevorkian said that he assisted at least 130 patients to that end. He was convicted of murder in 1999 and was often portrayed in the media with the name of "Dr. Death". There was support for his cause, and he helped set the platform for reform. 

ellauri140.html on line 39: In 1998, Kevorkian was arrested and tried for his direct role in a case of voluntary euthanasia on a man named Thomas Youk who suffered from Lou Gehrig’s disease, or ALS. He was convicted of second-degree murder and served 8 years of a 10-to-25-year prison sentence. He was released on parole on June 1, 2007, on condition he would not offer advice about, participate in, or be present at the act of any type of suicide involving euthanasia to any other person, as well as neither promote nor talk about the procedure of assisted suicide.

ellauri140.html on line 56: Book III is centred on the virtue of Chastity as embodied in Britomart, a lady knight. Resting after the events of Book II, Guyon and Arthur meet Britomart, who wins a joust with Guyon. They separate as Arthur and Guyon leave to rescue Florimell, while Britomart rescues the Redcrosse Knight. Britomart reveals to the Redcrosse Knight that she is pursuing Sir Artegall because she is destined to marry him. The Redcrosse Knight defends Artegall and they meet Merlin, who explains more carefully Britomart's destiny to found the English monarchy. Britomart leaves and fights Sir Marinell. Arthur looks for Florimell, joined later by Sir Satyrane and Britomart, and they witness and resist sexual temptation. Britomart separates them with a stick and meets Sir Scudamore, looking for his captured lady Amoret. Britomart alone is able to rescue Amoret from the wizard Busirane. Unfortunately, when they emerge from the castle Scudamore is gone. (The 1590 version with Books I–III depicts the lovers' happy reunion, but this was changed in the 1596 version which contained all sex books.)

ellauri140.html on line 58: Book IV, despite its title "The Legend of Cambell and Telamond or Of Friendship", Cambell's companion in Book IV is actually named Triamond, and the plot does not center on their friendship; the two men appear only briefly in the story. The book is largely a continuation of events begun in Book III. First, Scudamore is convinced by the hag Ate (discord) that Britomart has run off with Amoret and becomes jealous. A three-day tournament is then held by Satyrane, where Britomart beats Arthegal (both in disguise). Scudamore and Arthegal unite against Britomart, but when her helmet comes off in battle Arthegal falls in love with her. He surrenders, removes his helmet, and Britomart recognizes him as the man in the enchanted mirror. Arthegal pledges his love to her but must first leave and complete his quest. Scudamore, upon discovering Britomart's sex, realizes his mistake and asks after his lady, but by this time Britomart has lost Amoret, and she and Scudamore embark together on a search for her. The reader discovers that Amoret was abducted by a savage man and is imprisoned in his cave. One day Amoret darts out past the savage and is rescued from him by the squire Timias and Belphoebe. Arthur then appears, offering his service as a knight to the lost woman. She accepts, and after a couple of trials on the way, Arthur and Amoret finally happen across Scudamore and Britomart. The two lovers are reunited. Wrapping up a different plotline from Book III, the recently recovered Marinel discovers Florimell suffering in Proteus' dungeon. He returns home and becomes sick with love and pity. Eventually he confesses his feelings to his mother, and she pleads with Neptune to have the girl released, which the god grants.

ellauri140.html on line 80: 	Artefact M+ (or Artegal or Arthegal or Arthegall), a knight who is the embodiment and champion of Justice. He meets Britomart after defeating her in a sword fight (she had been dressed as a knight) and removing her helmet, revealing her beauty. Artefact quickly falls in love with Britomart. Artefact has a companion in Talus, a metal man who wields a flail and never sleeps or tires but will mercilessly pursue and kill any number of villains. Talus obeys Artefact's command, and serves to represent justice without mercy (hence, Artefact is the more human face of justice). Later, Talus does not rescue Artefact from enslavement by the wicked slave-mistress Radigund, because Artefact is bound by a legal contract to serve her. Only her death, at Britomart's hands, liberates him. Chrysaor was the golden sword of Sir Artefact. This sword was also the favorite weapon of Demeter, the Greek goddess of the harvest. Because it was "Tempred with Adamant", it could cleave through anything.

ellauri140.html on line 86:     Bellphone F+-, the beautiful sister of Amoret who spends her time in the woods hunting and avoiding the numerous amorous men who chase her. Timias, the squire of Arthur, eventually wins her love after she tends to the injuries he sustained in battle; however, Timias must endure much suffering to prove his love when Belphoebe sees him tending to a wounded woman and, misinterpreting his actions, flies off hastily. She is only drawn back to him after seeing how he has wasted away without her. Tää on niinkö Artemis eli Diana. Osuvasti kolmikulmapuistossa.

ellauri140.html on line 117: 	Maritim M+-, "the knight of the sea"; son of a water nymph, he avoided all love because his mother had learnt that a maiden was destined to do him harm; this prophecy was fulfilled when he was stricken down in battle by Britomart, though he was not mortally wounded.

ellauri140.html on line 122: Introduced in the first canto of the poem, he bears the emblem of Saint George, patron saint of England; a red cross on a white background that is still the flag of England. The Redcrosse Knight is declared the real Saint George in Canto X. He also learns that he is of English ancestry, having been stolen by a Fay and raised in Faerieland. In the climactic battle of Book I, Redcrosse slays the dragon that has laid waste to Eden. He marries Una at the end of Book I, but brief appearances in Books II and III show him still questionng thoroughly the choice. Punasen ristin ritari tuo mieleen Foster Wallacen skroden sankaripulzarin, mikä sen nimi olikaan. Se nenäliinaan piiloutunut ämmä olis tää Aku Ankan Una.

ellauri140.html on line 128:     Talus M+, an "iron man" who helps Arthegall to dispense justice in Book V. The name is likely from Latin "talus" (ankle) with reference to that which justice "stands on," and perhaps also to the ankle of Achilles, who was otherwise invincible, or the mythological bronze man Talos. Talus on joo nilkkaluu, astragalus. Ei ole selvää onko Taluxella penistä. 

ellauri140.html on line 138:       Throughout The Faerie Queene, Spenser creates "a network of allusions to events, issues, and particular persons in England and Ireland" including Mary, Queen of Scots, the Spanish Armada, the English Reformation, and even the Queen herself. It is also known that James VI of Scotland read the poem, and was very insulted by Duessa – a very negative depiction of his mother, Mary, Queen of Scots. She was a crocodile in the book. The Faerie Queene was then banned in Scotland. This led to a significant decrease in Elizabeth's support for the poem. Within the text, both the Faerie Queene and Belphoebe serve as two of the many personifications of Queen Elizabeth, some of which are "far from complimentary". Through their ancestor, Owen Tudor, the Tudors had Welsh blood, through which they claimed to be descendants of Arthur and rightful rulers of Britain.

ellauri140.html on line 142:       Dosetti ihaili kovasti Ariostoa ja omisti kirjan Ludovicolle. Numerous adaptations in the form of children's literature have been made – the work was a popular choice in the 19th and early 20th century with over 20 different versions written. 

ellauri140.html on line 155:     Which cunningly was without morter laid,			Jotka ovelasti oli kasattu ilman laastia

ellauri140.html on line 172:     Lechery (M) – The sin of lust. Mounted on a goat, Lechery does not appear to be attractive. He is described as an "unseemely man to please faire Ladies eye; / Yet he of Ladies oft was loved deare, / When fairer faces were bid standen by". This is when lechery is considered a sin. Eli lechery on syntiä naisilla ja homoilla.

ellauri140.html on line 176:     Envy (M) – Envy rides a wolf. When he sees good things happening to those around him death is the consequence; "At neibors welth, that made him ever sad; / For death it was, when any good he saw." When harm reaches people he is delighted; "But when he heard of harme, he wexed wonderous glad." Tää se on! Kroisos ja Kulta-Into on kateita, ja Milla Magia. Aku ja pojat eivät ole, paizi Aku Hannulle. 

ellauri140.html on line 178: Wrath (M) – He carries a branding iron and a dagger as he rides a lion. His clothes are ripped and contain blood stains. He acts quickly in fits of rage, but often repents; "Ne car'd for blood in his avengement: / But when the furious fitt was overpast, / His cruel facts he often would repent. Vihan vika ei ole vihaaminen as such, vaan äkkipikasuus, harkinnan puute. Don't get mad, get even. Olkaa viattomia kuin pulut ja kavalia kuin käärmeet. 

ellauri140.html on line 193: Edmund Spenser was born in East Smithfield, London, around the year 1552; however, there is still some ambiguity as to the exact date of his birth. His parenthood is obscure, but he was probably the son of John Spenser, a journeyman clothmaker. As a young boy, he was educated in London at the Merchant Taylors' School and matriculated as a sizar at Pembroke College, Cambridge. While at Cambridge he became a friend of Gabriel Harvey and later consulted him, despite their differing views on poetry. In 1578, he became for a short time secretary to John Young, Bishop of Rochester. In 1579, he published The Shepheardes Calender and around the same time married his first wife, Machabyas Childe. They had two children, Sylvanus (d. 1638) and Katherine. 

ellauri140.html on line 197: In July 1580, Spenser went to Ireland in service of the newly appointed Lord Deputy, Arthur Grey, 14th Baron Grey de Wilton. Spenser served under Lord Grey with Walter Raleigh at the Siege of Smerwick massacre. When Lord Grey was recalled to England, Spenser stayed on in Ireland, having acquired other official posts and lands in the Munster Plantation. Raleigh acquired other nearby Munster estates confiscated in the Second Desmond Rebellion. Sometime between 1587 and 1589, Spenser acquired his main estate at Kilcolman, near Doneraile in North Cork. He later bought a second holding to the south, at Rennie, on a rock overlooking the river Blackwater in North Cork. Its ruins are still visible today. A short distance away grew a tree, locally known as "Spenser's Oak" until it was destroyed in a lightning strike in the 1960s. Local legend claims that he penned some of The Faerie Queene under this tree.

ellauri140.html on line 199: In 1590, Spenser brought out the first three books of his most famous work, The Faerie Queene, having travelled to London to publish and promote the work, with the likely assistance of Raleigh. He was successful enough to obtain a life pension of £50 a year from the Queen. He probably hoped to secure a place at court through his poetry, but his next significant publication boldly antagonised the queen's principal secretary, Lord Burghley (William Cecil), through its inclusion of the satirical Mother Hubberd's Tale. He returned to Ireland. Oops. 

ellauri140.html on line 203: By 1594, Spenser's first wife had died, and in that year he married a much younger Elizabeth Boyle, a relative of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork. He addressed to her the sonnet sequence Amoretti. The marriage itself was celebrated in Epithalamion. They had a son named Peregrine. Ei ollut varmaan yhtä hyvä laulamaan kuin Susan Boyle, mutta ehkä nätimpi. Did you prick his Boyle? MY GOODNESS!

ellauri140.html on line 205: In 1596, Spenser wrote a prose pamphlet titled A View of the Present State of Ireland. This piece, in the form of a dialogue, circulated in manuscript, remaining unpublished until the mid-seventeenth century. It is probable that it was kept out of print during the author's lifetime because of its inflammatory content. The pamphlet argued that Ireland would never be totally "pacified" by the English until its indigenous language and customs had been destroyed, if necessary by violence. Vitun kolonialisti paskiainen. 

ellauri140.html on line 207: In 1598, during the Nine Years' War, Spenser was driven from his home by the native Irish forces of Aodh Ó Néill. His castle at Kilcolman was burned, and Ben Jonson, who may have had private information, asserted that one of his infant children died in the blaze.

ellauri140.html on line 209:     In the year after being driven from "his home", 1599, Spenser travelled to London, where he died at the age of forty-six – "for want of bread", according to Ben Jonson; one of Jonson's more doubtful statements, since Spenser had a payment to him authorised by the government and was due his pension (What the fuck, ei kaxitonnisella vuodessa vielä kuuhun mennä.)

ellauri140.html on line 211:     His coffin was carried to his grave in Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey by other poets, who threw many pens and pieces of poetry into his grave with many tears (all free of charge). His second wife survived him and remarried twice. His sister Sarah, who had accompanied him to Ireland, married into the Travers family, and her descendants were prominent landowners in Cork for centuries. Korkad kille, kaiken kaikkiaan. 

ellauri140.html on line 224: "The Ballad of the Green Berets" is a patriotic song in the ballad style about the United States Army Special Forces. It is one of the few popular songs of the Vietnam War years to cast the military in a positive light and in 1966 became a major hit, reaching No. 1 for five weeks on the Hot 100 and four weeks on Cashbox. It was also a crossover smash, reaching No. 1 on Billboard's Easy Listening chart and No. 2 on Billboard's Country survey. The original Hot 100 end-of-the-year chart for 1966 showed "California Dreamin'" by The Mamas and the Papas at #1 and "Ballad of the Green Berets" at #10. Later, in a revised end-of-the-year chart for 1966, "Berets" was at #1 and "Dreamin'" was at #10 (see Billboard's #1 single for the year 1966). The two songs tied for #1 on the Cashbox end-of-the-year survey for 1966.

ellauri140.html on line 226:       The song was written by then Staff Sgt. Barry Sadler, beginning when he was training to be a Special Forces medic. The author Robin Moore, who wrote the book, The Green Berets, helped Sadler write the lyrics and get a recording contract with RCA Records. The demo of the song was produced in a rudimentary recording studio at Fort Bragg, with the help of Gerry Gitell and LTG William P. Yarborough.

ellauri140.html on line 228: The lyrics were written, in part, in honor of U.S. Army Specialist 5 James Gabriel, Jr., a Special Forces operator and the first native Hawaiian to die in Vietnam, who was killed by Viet Cong gunfire while on a training mission with the South Vietnamese Army on April 8, 1962. One verse mentioned Gabriel by name, but it was not used in the recorded version. 

ellauri140.html on line 232: Barry Sadler was a twenty-five year old active duty Green Beret medic in 1966 when he first performed “Ballad of the Green Berets” on The Ed Sullivan Show. The song soon reached number one in the charts and eventually sold eight million copies. Sadler’s performance and the song’s popularity celebrated The Green Berets as the ultimate example of American military prowess, bravery and commitment. It fed into a specific postwar representation of modernity that was soon to be challenged by the escalation of the war in Vietnam.

ellauri140.html on line 245: Verbranntes Land und was ist der Sinn		But only three win the Green Beret	Mutta vain 3 voittaa vihreän vaellushatun.

ellauri140.html on line 307:  A GENTLE prick was knighting on the plaine,			HELLÄ nuppi sankaroizi pellolla,			

ellauri140.html on line 322: Upon his shield the like was also scor'd,			Sen housukilvessä oli sama graffiti:		

ellauri140.html on line 324: Right faithfull true he was in deede and word,			Se oli hyvin uskovainen ize teossa,		

ellauri140.html on line 326: Yet nothing did he dread, but ever was ydrad.			Ei se mitään pelännyt vaan kaikki sitä.		

ellauri140.html on line 329: Upon a great adventure he was bond,				Suureen seikkailuun se oli matkalla 		

ellauri140.html on line 343: Under a vele, that wimpled was full low,			Muze piilotteli sitä huivin sisällä,		

ellauri140.html on line 345: As one that inly mournd: so was she sad,			Kuin suruvaippa, ja surihan se siälä,		

ellauri140.html on line 352: She was in life and every vertuous lore,			Hiän oli ize oikeesti ja maineelta,		

ellauri140.html on line 358: Forwasted all their land, and them expeld:			Näki ja voitti ja heitti nämä ulos.		

ellauri140.html on line 366: The day with cloudes was suddeine overcast,			Siinä matkatessa tuli pilvistä,		

ellauri140.html on line 409: They cannot finde that path, which first was showne,		Sinne mistä ne lähtivät samoileen,	

ellauri140.html on line 463: Yet was in knots and many boughtes upwound,			Oli sen seizemällä mutkalla ja solmussa,

ellauri140.html on line 494: Much daunted with that dint, her sence was dazd,		Toi pipi sattui kovasti, sitä pyörrytti,

ellauri140.html on line 521: Her vomit full of bookes° and papers was,			Sen yrjö oli täynnä kirjoja ja papereita,

ellauri140.html on line 606: That path he kept which beaten was most plaine,			Ja ne jatko tallatulla reitillä,   

ellauri140.html on line 632: Who faire him quited, as that courteous was:			Nuppi vastas sille yhtä mielevästi.	

ellauri140.html on line 646: That wasteth all this countrey farre and neare.			Ja panee liisteixi haja-asutusta.

ellauri140.html on line 655: Far hence (quoth he) in wastfull wildernesse			No on se täältä aika pitkällä (sano),		

ellauri140.html on line 674: For this same night. The knight was well content:		Tää oli nupista ideana mainio.			

ellauri140.html on line 679: A little lowly Hermitage it was,				Se oli pieni erakkola vaan,		

ellauri140.html on line 683: There was an holy Chappell edifyde,				Siitä jonkun matkan päähän

ellauri140.html on line 692: Ne looke for entertainement, where none was:			Ei siellä ollut mitään viihdekeskusta,	

ellauri140.html on line 749: Doth ever wash, and Cynthia° still doth steepe			Ei koskaan pese lakanoita, ja Cynthia

ellauri140.html on line 784: But his wast wordes returnd to him in vaine:			Mutta ne kaikui kuin Mikonkadun Fazerilla:

ellauri140.html on line 831: Now when that ydle dreame was to him brought,			Nyt kun toi joutouni oli sillä handussa,

ellauri140.html on line 917: Lets me not sleepe, but wast the wearie night			Rakas ei anna mun nukkua, vaan valvon koko yön

ellauri140.html on line 942: For whose defence he was to shed his blood.			Jonka puolustamisexi se oli vuodattanut vertansa.

ellauri140.html on line 947: But when he saw his labour all was vaine,			Mutku se näki ezen vaivannäkö ei tuota tulosta,

ellauri140.html on line 958: That was in Ocean waves yet never wet,				Taivaalta sen tähden taaxe, mikä 

ellauri140.html on line 963: In hast was climbing up the Easterne hill,			kuuma kärry oli tulossa itätaivaalla,

ellauri140.html on line 975: But when he saw his threatning was but vaine,			Apureita, mut nähtyään sen turhaxi, 

ellauri140.html on line 1010: The eye of reason was with rage yblent,				Meni naruun raivon sokaistessa silmät

ellauri140.html on line 1012: But hardly was restreined of that aged sire.			Ilman vanhusta siinä silminnäkijänä.

ellauri140.html on line 1019: And wast his inward gall with deepe despight,			Söi sappea ja kiristeli hampaita,

ellauri140.html on line 1034: Lookt for her knight, who far away was fled,			Ezien nuppia, joka oli jo varsin pitkällä,

ellauri140.html on line 1044: That him to follow was but fruitlesse paine;			Niet sen seuraaminen oli yhtä tyhjän kanssa.

ellauri141.html on line 59: The great charm of Maecenas in his relation to the men of genius who formed his circle was his simplicity, cordiality and sincerity. Although not particular in the choice of some of the associates of his pleasures, he admitted none but men of worth to his intimacy, and when once admitted they were treated like equals. 

ellauri141.html on line 106:  The Cilnii supported Roman interests in Etruria, and were expelled from Arretium in 301 BC, but regained their position with Roman aid. Maecenas was portrayed by Alex Wyndham in the second season of the 2005 HBO television series Rome. He was portrayed by Russell Barr in the made-for-TV movie Imperium: Augustus. He is also featured in one episode of the second series of Plebs on ITV. In the 2021 TV series Domina, he was portrayed by Youssef Kerkour. 

ellauri141.html on line 109: Quintus Horatius Flaccus (8th of December, Ab Urbe Condita 689, B. C. 65 -  27th of November, B. C. 8) was born at or near Venusia (Venosa), in the Apennines, on the borders of Lucania and Apulia. His father was a freedman, having, as his name proves, been the slave of some person of the Horatia gens. As Horace implies that he himself was ingenuus, his father must have obtained his freedom before his birth. He afterwards followed the calling of a coactor, a collector of money in some way or other, it is not known in what. He made, in this capacity, enough to purchase an estate, probably a small one, near the above town, where the poet was born. We hear nothing of his mother, except that Horace speaks of both his parents with affection. His father, probably seeing signs of talent in him as a child, was not content to have him educated at a provincial school, but took him (at what age he does not say, but probably about twelve) to Rome, where he became a pupil of Orbilius Pupillus, who had a school of much note, attended by boys of good family, and whom Horace remembered all his life as an irritable teacher, given unnecessarily to the use of the rod. With him he learnt grammar, the earlier Latin authors, and Homer. He attended other masters (of rhetoric, poetry, and music perhaps), as Roman boys were wont, and had the advantage (to which he afterwards looked back with gratitude) of his father’s care and moral training during this part of his education. It was usual for young men of birth and ability to be sent to Athens, to finish their education by the study of Greek literature and philosophy under native teachers; and Horace went there too, at what age is not known, but probably when he was about twenty. Whether his father was alive at that time, or dead, is uncertain. If he went to Athens at twenty, it was in B. C. 45, the year before Julius Cæsar was assassinated. After that event, Brutus and Cassius left Rome and went to Greece. Foreseeing the struggle that was before them, they got round them many of the young men at that time studying at Athens, and Horace was appointed tribune in the army of Brutus, a high command, for which he was not qualified. He went with Brutus into Asia Minor, and finally shared his defeat at Philippi, B. C. 42. He makes humorous allusion to this defeat in his Ode to Pompeius Varus (ii. 7). After the battle he came to Italy, having obtained permission to do so, like many others who were willing to give up a desperate cause and settle quietly at home. His patrimony, however, was forfeited, and he seems to have had no means of subsistence, which induced him to employ himself in writing verses, with the view, perhaps, of bringing himself into notice, rather than for the purpose of making money by their sale. By some means he managed to get a place as scriba in the Quæstor’s office, whether by purchase or interest does not appear. In either case, we must suppose he contrived soon to make friends, though he could not do so by the course he pursued, without also making many enemies. His Satires are full of allusions to the enmity his verses had raised up for him on all hands. He became acquainted, among other literary persons, with Virgil and Varius, who, about three years after his return (B. C. 39), introduced him to Mæcenas, who was careful of receiving into his circle a tribune of Brutus, and one whose writings were of a kind that was new and unpopular. He accordingly saw nothing of Horace for nine months after his introduction to him. He then sent for him (B. C. 38), and from that time continued to be his patron and warmest friend.

ellauri141.html on line 111: At his house, probably, Horace became intimate with Polio, and the many persons of consideration whose friendship he appears to have enjoyed. Through Mæcenas, also, it is probable Horace was introduced to Augustus; but when that happened is uncertain. In B. C. 37, Mæcenas was deputed by Augustus to meet M. Antonius at Brundisium, and he took Horace with him on that journey, of which a detailed account is given in the fifth Satire of the first book. Horace appears to have parted from the rest of the company at Brundisium, and perhaps returned to Rome by Tarentum and Venusia. (See S. i. 5, Introduction.) Between this journey and B. C. 32, Horace received from his friend the present of a small estate in the valley of the Digentia (Licenza), situated about thirty-four miles from Rome, and fourteen from Tibur, in the Sabine country. Of this property he gives a description in his Epistle to Quintius (i. 16), and he appears to have lived there a part of every year, and to have been fond of the place, which was very quiet and retired, being four miles from the nearest town, Varia (Vico Varo), a municipium perhaps, but not a place of any importance. During this interval he continued to write Satires and Epodes, but also, it appears probable, some of the Odes, which some years later he published, and others which he did not publish. These compositions, no doubt, were seen by his friends, and were pretty well known before any of them were collected for publication. The first book of the Satires was published probably in B. C. 35, the Epodes in B. C. 30, and the second book of Satires in the following year, when Horace was about thirty-five years old. When Augustus returned from Asia, in B. C. 29, and closed the gates of Janus, being the acknowledged head of the republic, Horace appeared among his most hearty adherents. He wrote on this occasion one of his best Odes (i. 2), and employed his pen in forwarding those reforms which it was the first object of Augustus to effect. (See Introduction to C. ii. 15.) His most striking Odes appear, for the most part, to have been written after the establishment of peace. Some may have been written before, and probably were. But for some reason it would seem that he gave himself more to lyric poetry after his thirty-fifth year than he had done before. He had most likely studied the Greek poets while he was at Athens, and some of his imitations may have been written early. If so, they were most probably improved and polished, from time to time, (for he must have had them by him, known perhaps only to a few friends, for many years,) till they became the graceful specimens of artificial composition that they are. Horace continued to employ himself in this kind of writing (on a variety of subjects, convivial, amatory, political, moral,—some original, many no doubt suggested by Greek poems) till B. C. 24, when there are reasons for thinking the first three books of the Odes were published. During this period, Horace appears to have passed his time at Rome, among the most distinguished men of the day, or at his house in the country, paying occasional visits to Tibur, Præneste, and Baiæ, with indifferent health, which required change of air. About the year B. C. 26 he was nearly killed by the falling of a tree, on his own estate, which accident he has recorded in one of his Odes (ii. 13), and occasionally refers to; once in the same stanza with a storm in which he was nearly lost off Cape Palinurus, on the western coast of Italy. When this happened, nobody knows. After the publication of the three books of Odes, Horace seems to have ceased from that style of writing, or nearly so; and the only other compositions we know of his having produced in the next few years are metrical Epistles to different friends, of which he published a volume probably in B. C. 20 or 19. He seems to have taken up the study of the Greek philosophical writers, and to have become a good deal interested in them, and also to have been a little tired of the world, and disgusted with the jealousies his reputation created. His health did not improve as he grew older, and he put himself under the care of Antonius Musa, the emperor’s new physician. By his advice he gave up, for a time at least, his favorite Baiæ. But he found it necessary to be a good deal away from Rome, especially in the autumn and winter.

ellauri141.html on line 113: In B. C. 17, Augustus celebrated the Ludi Seculares, and Horace was required to write an Ode for the occasion, which he did, and it has been preserved. This circumstance, and the credit it brought him, may have given his mind another leaning to Ode-writing, and have helped him to produce the fourth book, a few pieces in which may have been written at any time. It is said that Augustus particularly desired Horace to publish another book of Odes, in order that those he wrote upon the victories of Drusus and Tiberius (4 and 14) might appear in it. The latter of these Odes was not written, probably, till B. C. 13, when Augustus returned from Gaul. If so, the book was probably published in that year, when Horace was fifty-two. The Odes of the fourth book show no diminution of power, but the reverse. There are none in the first three books that surpass, or perhaps equal, the Ode in honor of Drusus, and few superior to that which is addressed to Lollius. The success of the first three books, and the honor of being chosen to compose the Ode at the Ludi Seculares, seem to have given him encouragement. There are no incidents in his life during the above period recorded or alluded to in his poems. He lived five years after the publication of the fourth book of Odes, if the above date be correct, and during that time, I think it probable, he wrote the Epistles to Augustus and Florus which form the second book; and having conceived the intention of writing a poem on the art and progress of poetry, he wrote as much of it as appears in the Epistle to the Pisones which has been preserved among his works. It seems, from the Epistle to Florus, that Horace at this time had to resist the urgency of friends begging him to write, one in this style and another in that, and that he had no desire to gratify them and to sacrifice his own ease to a pursuit in which it is plain he never took any great delight. He was likely to bring to it less energy as his life was drawing prematurely to a close, through infirmities either contracted or aggravated during his irrational campaigning with Brutus, his inaptitude for which he appears afterwards to have been perfectly aware of. He continued to apply himself to the study of moral philosophy till his death, which took place, according to Eusebius, on the 27th of November, B. C. 8, in the fifty-seventh year of his age, and within a few days of its completion. Mæcenas died the same year, also towards the close of it; a coincidence that has led some to the notion, that Horace hastened his own death that he might not have the pain of surviving his patron. According to Suetonius, his death (which he places after his fifty-ninth year) was so sudden, that he had not time to execute his will, which is opposed to the notion of suicide. The two friends were buried near one another “in extremis Esquiliis,” in the farthest part of the Esquiliæ, that is, probably, without the city walls, on the ground drained and laid out in gardens by Mæcenas. 

ellauri141.html on line 209: The obscene qualities of some of the Epodes  have repulsed even scholars. Suetonius recorded some gossip about Horace's sexual activities late in life, involving mirrors. William Thackeray produced a version of Odes 1.38 in which Horace's questionable 'boy' became 'Lucy', and Gerard Manley Hopkins translated the boy "innocently" as 'child'. Horace was translated by Sir Theodore Martin (biographer of Prince Albert) but minus some ungentlemanly verses, such as the erotic Odes 1.25 and Epodes 8 and 12. Translators historically excluded the problem poems 8 and 12, but also the far less obscene but explicitly gay 11. Philip Francis (1746) and Bulwer Lytton (1870) omit the problem poems from their translations. Niin teki myös Eero Kivikari. Suuhun myös peräpäähän teitä pukkaan. Irrumabo ego vos et pedicabo. Quos ego!

ellauri141.html on line 328:       cum mihi Cous adesset Amyntas,		          And Amyntas once was mine, a salacious shepherd		

ellauri141.html on line 339:   "Of small stature, fond of the sun, prematurely grey, quick-tempered but easily placated". Häntä vaivasi jonkinlainen silmätauti. Luonteeltaan hän näyttää olleen vilkas, iloinen ja leikkisä vanhapoika. Äkkipikainen, suuttui helposti mutta leppyi yhtä helposti. Bilbo Hobbitin doppelgängeri. The poet died at 56 years of age, not long after his friend Maecenas [or before? Opinions vary] near whose tomb he was laid to rest.

ellauri141.html on line 366:   Adolescent slave boys were fair game for a virile man. Jupiter may have had his Ganymede, but none of the standard pantheon of gods were gay as we use the term. But there was a limit: it was queer to screw a boy after he was old enough to shave. “Passive’ homosexuality was the real disgrace. The urge to bugger was understandable. A man’s desire to be buggered was disgraceful. As often observed, it was better to give than receive. And in Horace’s poems, pederasty seems no more frowned upon than a taste for veal might be frowned upon today. Actually less. By now you can see where I’m headed with all this. I think the puer in Persicos odi, puer, apparatus... is the kind of boy that Horace is sometimes fond of screwing. 

ellauri141.html on line 404: The solfege system (Do, Re, Mi), which is the theme of a song by the Von Trapp children, is just a small sample of Horace's all-pervasive influence on western culture, even among people who might never have heard the name Quintus Horatius Flaccus. Horace was not just a superb literary craftsman, but a musician, songwriter and entertainer for the Roman elite, creating a new Latin idiom derived from Greek lyric song. A final chapter, "Horace, Guido and the Do-re-mi Mystery", the result of careful research and detective work, argues that Guido d'Arezzo, an eleventh-century Benedictine choirmaster, used the melody of Horace's Ode to Phyllis (alla) to invent the do-re-mi mnemonic, but applied it to an eighth-century Hymn to John the Baptist ("Ut queant laxis") by Paul the Deacon, keeping the true source secret. A musical comparison of the Horatian melody and Guido's version of "ut-re-mi" is included. Lyons' verse translation of the Odes was named a Financial Times Book of the Year (1996) and was welcomed as 'a wonderful rendering of one of the great, central poets in the European tradition.'

ellauri141.html on line 492: Vuonna 1902 Kipling osti vuonna 1634 rakennetun kartanon nimeltä Bateman’s, joka sijaitsee maaseudulla Burwashissa, East Sussexissa. Tilan koko oli 130 000 m² mukaan lukien ympäröivät rakennukset ja mylly , ja Kipling maksoi siitä 9 300 puntaa, joka nykymyyntihintana vastaisi 735 000 puntaa. Talossa ei ollut kylpyhuonetta, juoksevaa vettä yläkerrassa eikä sähköjä, mutta silti Kipling piti siitä paljon, kuten hän marraskuussa 1902 lähettämässä kirjeessään sanoi: ”Katsokaa meitä, harmaakivisen talon laillisia omistajia – A.D. 1634 lukee oviparrussa, paneloitu, vanha tammiportaikko ja kaikki koskematonta ja aitoa. Se on hyvä ja rauhallinen paikka. Me olemme rakastaneet sitä ensi silmäyksestä lähtien”.

ellauri141.html on line 502: George Beresford ('Turkey'), who shared a study with Kipling and Dunsterville ('Stalky'), reports Kipling as bad at Latin and with no Greek. Little of his education stuck. His reputation at school was of someone who was imprecise about scansion, long or short syllables and syntax, and who made wild and funny guesses at the sense. 

ellauri141.html on line 503: At the same time, the classical tongues and dead languages were dead to him. He perused only English and French. Latin did not come at all kindly to him; Greek was a closed book….

ellauri141.html on line 505:     In the classics, that is Latin, he was no more than an ordinary boy, but he gave the impression that if he thought it essential for his literary ambitions, he would tackle it to good purpose. But somehow he did not so think, and he made no effort to acquire a vocabulary or memorise Latin words—consequently, his construes were sometimes a succession of errs and hums waiting and hoping for the form-master kindly to supply the missing translation. (5) 

ellauri141.html on line 507: Kipling himself confessed that ‘every Latin quantity was an arbitrary mystery’ to him, that his teacher Crofts ‘loathed me as to Latin’  and that he had construed the beginning of the Cleopatra Ode (1.37) very badly on one occasion. It was M'Turk/Beresford who composed the Latin elegiacs translating Gray’s Elegy which Stalky and Beetle needed to prepare.

ellauri141.html on line 516:       From 1917 he began to experiment with his own versions of Horace. See Thomas Pinney (Ed.) Letters IV pp. 439-40. In 1920, he and a group of friends published Q. Horatii Flacci Carminum Liber Quintus (Horace, Book V) a collection of parodies in English and Latin, which included "A Translation". "Lollius" was specially written for the book, which also included "The Pro-Consuls". See also three later poems linked to stories in Debits and Credits (1926); “The Portent”, “The Survival” and “The Last Ode.”.

ellauri141.html on line 519: ... Here is my defence of this alleged wicked waste of time. The reason why one has to parse and construe and grind at the dead tongues in which certain ideas are expressed is … because only in that tongue is that idea expressed with absolute perfection…. by a painful and laborious acquaintance with the mechanism of that particular tongue; by being made to take it to pieces and put it together again, and by that means only, we can arrive at a state of mind in which … we can realise and feel and absorb the idea. 

ellauri141.html on line 521: Kipling recognised that Horace was untranslatable. For example, he wrote to Courtauld to thank him for a copy of the third edition of The Odes and Epodes of Horace: metrical translations … selected by S. A. Courtauld.

ellauri141.html on line 522:     All selected translations are of the most real value if only to show that He was untranslateable. The thought cheers me when at odd times I try my hand on him – and fail damnably.

ellauri141.html on line 533: The spoof book of late Horace (it refers to contemporary politicians such as Lloyd George, gas masks, land girls, daylight saving, spiritualism, canteens and so on) which came out in 1920, was inspired by a long tradition in English literature and by Kipling’s early imitation odes and Charles Graves’s Hawarden Horace (1894) and More Hawarden Horace (1896, with a delightful introduction by T. E. Page), where felicitous modernising English versions of the Odes (and an Epode) are put in the mouth of Gladstone (251) . A[lfred] D[enis] Godley, for one, had often imagined Greek and Roman authors as still alive and commenting on nineteenth- and twentieth-century Oxford and England. (252) Kipling delighted in humorous verse. In 1917 he had enjoyed Maurice Baring’s Translations (found in a commonplace book) (253) . 

ellauri141.html on line 534: the main contributor of English verses was Charles Graves. He gave the credit for the idea to Kipling.

ellauri141.html on line 566:     The genesis of Horace Odes, Book V was in the brains of Kipling. It occurred to him about the blackest time of the last war, end of 1917 and early months of 1918, as a means of keeping up one's spirits and distracting our thoughts from present troubles, and he wrote to me outlining his plan and making many admirable suggestions for subjects of the sham odes. (262) 

ellauri141.html on line 567:     Graves wrote for The Spectator and for Punch and his comic histories must have been to Kipling’s taste. He collaborated with E. V. Lucas, also a Punch journalist, with whom Kipling had corresponded at least since 1906. (263)‘He was the most exhilarating of companions, radiating vitality, goodwill and interest in the other man and his concerns’.

ellauri141.html on line 569:  The ‘editor’ of the Latin text was the clever versifier A. D. Godley of Oxford. (267) He contributed graceful acknowledgements (268) and a hilarious preface about the (fictitious) manuscripts, which parodies the standard praefatio of an Oxford Classical Text (brown-covered in those days like the spoof). (269) There is a learned apparatus criticus about disputed or variant ms. readings. He did the Latin poems, together with his Oxford colleagues and friends John Powell (270) and Ronald Knox (271) and the Etonian and former Cambridge undergraduate A. B. Ramsay. (272) There is an appendix of alternative Latin versions which the translators obviously could not bear to waste. Kipling contributed a schoolboyish prose version of ‘The Pro-consuls’: ‘the sixth ode, as it seems, rendered into English prose by a scholiast of uncertain period’, which starts:

ellauri141.html on line 755:   Alexis Leger (pronounced [ləʒe]; 31 May 1887 – 20 September 1975), better known by his pseudonym Saint-John Perse (French: [pɛʁs]; also Saint-Leger Leger),[1] was a French poet-diplomat, awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1960 "for the soaring flight and evocative imagery of his poetry." He was a major French diplomat from 1914 to 1940, after which he lived primarily in the United States until 1967.

ellauri141.html on line 757: Alexis Leger was born in Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe. His great-grandfather, a solicitor, had settled in Guadeloupe in 1815. His grandfather and father were also solicitors; his father was also a member of the city council. The Leger family owned two plantations, one of coffee (La Joséphine) and the other of sugar (Bois-Debout).

ellauri141.html on line 763: While in China, Leger had written his first extended poem Anabase, publishing it in 1924 under the pseudonym "Saint-John Perse", which he employed for the rest of his life. He then published nothing for two decades, not even a re-edition of his debut book, as he believed it inappropriate for a diplomat to publish fiction. After Briand's death in 1932, Leger served as Inspector Leger under Comissaire Maigret (Quai d'Orfevres) until 1940. Within the Foreign Office he led the optimist faction that believed that Germany was unstable and that if Britain and France stood up to Hitler, he would back down. Har har. A gifted diplomat. 

ellauri141.html on line 765:   During his American exile, he wrote his long poems Exil, Vents, Pluies, Neiges, Amers, and Chroniques. He remained in the US long after the end of the war. He travelled extensively, observing nature and enjoying the friendship of US Attorney General Francis Biddle and his spouse, philanthropist Beatrice Chanler, and author Katherine Garrison Chapin. He was on good terms with the UN Secretary General and author Dag Hammarskjöld whose plain crashed in suspicious circumstances in 1961, just after Pink Panther got his Nobel prize. Foul play?

ellauri141.html on line 769:   In 1960, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. After receiving the Nobel Prize, he wrote the long poems Chronique, Oiseaux and Chant pour un équinoxe and the shorter Nocturne and Sécheresse. In 1962, Georges Braque worked with master printmaker Aldo Crommelynck to create a series of etchings and aquatints, L'Ordre des Oiseaux, which was published with the text of Perse's Oiseaux by Au Vent d'Arles.

ellauri141.html on line 792:   Jabal or Yabal (Hebrew: יָבָל – Yabal) is an individual mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, in Genesis 4:20. Jabal (a descendant of Cain) was the son of Lamech and Adah, and the brother of Jubal, half-brother of Tubal-cain and Naamah. He is described as the "ancestor of all who live in tents and raise livestock."

ellauri141.html on line 793: Francis Nigel Lee interprets Genesis 4:20 to mean that Jabal was both the "father of all cattle ranchers" and the "father of all tent-dwellers", and as such as the "pioneer of all livestock and agricultural technology" as well as the "pioneer of all architecture." Lee notes that Jabal was probably also a weaver, and thus "the pioneer of the clothing industry."

ellauri141.html on line 794: Gordon Wenham, on the other hand, understands the verse to indicate Jabal was the first "dweller with herds." That is, he was the "father of the Bedouin lifestyle." He notes that whereas Abel "merely lived off his flocks," Jabal could "trade with his beasts of burden," and that this "represents cultural advance."  Ensimmäinen rättipää. 

ellauri141.html on line 800: Dag Hammarskjöld was committed to the arts.  Though temperamentally a loner, and introvert, and a bachelor throughout his life (oliko se homo? Det finns inga bevis för att Dag Hammarskjöld var homosexuell. Misstankar verkar dock ha funnits: Eftersom han levde ensam började rykten spridas om att han skulle vara homosexuell och hans motståndare använde detta för att smutskasta honom), he would invite intellectuals and artists, the best of New York’s bohemia, to his Upper East Side apartment where he kept a pet, an African monkey called Greenback.  People he invited to his generous dinners included the poet Carl Sandburg, the novelist John Steinbeck, the poet WH Auden, the diplomat George Kennan.  Auden was the translator of Hammarskjöld’s posthumously published book of observations, ideas and poems called Waymarks. Hammarskjöld used his influence to get the poet Ezra Pound out of mental hospital.  Back in Sweden, he inherited his father’s chair at the Swedish academy when the man died in 1953. The Swedish academy is the body that awards the Nobel Prize in literature. Hammarskjöld was instrumental in getting the rather obscure but doubtless brilliant French poet Saint John Perse his Nobel prize in 1960.  He would sketch out the arguments for Perse’s candidacy during translation breaks at UN Security Council meetings.  

ellauri142.html on line 63:     Markku is an outcast. The awkward, illegitimate son of a dazzlingly wealthy Count, he was educated in France but returns to Russia now that his father’s health is in decline. Polite society shuns him for his hero-worship of Napoleon and enthusiasm for the politics of revolution. But his blundering sincerity charms Andrei, his truest friend; and the blonde air hostess Natacha, who delights in his presence. He is quickly married off by stealth through the manipulation of others around him and is likely to face further heartache given that his wife prefers bedding her brother. It looks like this unlikely hero is smitten with her mother Pirkko Hiekkala but is set for heartache given his kind and gentle nature.

ellauri142.html on line 71: Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (/ˈtoʊlstɔɪ/; Russian: Лев Николаевич Толстой, 28 August 1828 – 7 November 1910), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. He received nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906 and for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902, and 1909. That he never won is a major controversy. Instead, Rudyard Kipling got the medal 1907. What the fuck?

ellauri142.html on line 77: The Tolstoys were a well-known family of old Russian nobility who traced their ancestry to a mythical nobleman named Indris described by Pyotr Tolstoy as arriving "from Nemec, from the lands of Caesar" (Lithuania, from the sound of it) to Chernigov in 1353 along with his two sons Litvinos (or Litvonis) and Zimonten (or Zigmont) and a dozen or  maybe 3000 people. Indris was then converted to Eastern Orthodoxy, under the name of Leonty, and his sons as Konstantin and Feodor. Konstantin's grandson Andrei Kharitonovich was nicknamed Tolstoy (fatso) by Vasily II of Moscow after he moved from Chernigov to Moscow.

ellauri142.html on line 79: Tolstoy was born at Yasnaya Polyana, a family estate 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southwest of Tula, and 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of Moscow. He was the fourth of five children of Count Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy (1794–1837), a veteran of the Patriotic War of 1812, and Countess Mariya Tolstaya (née Volkonskaya; 1790–1830). His mother died when she was two and his father when he was nine. Tolstoy and his siblings were brought up by relatives. In 1844, he began studying law and oriental languages at Kazan University, where teachers described him as "both unable and unwilling to learn".

ellauri142.html on line 81: Tolstoy left the university in the middle of his studies, returned to Yasnaya Polyana and then spent much time in Moscow, Tula and Saint Petersburg, leading a lax and leisurely lifestyle. He began writing during this period, including his first novel Childhood, a fictitious account of his own youth, which was published in 1852.

ellauri142.html on line 85: In 1851, after running up heavy gambling debts, he went with his older brother to the Caucasus and joined the army. Tolstoy served as a young artillery officer during the Crimean War and was in Sevastopol during the 11-month-long siege of Sevastopol in 1854–55, including the Battle of the Chernaya. During the war he was recognised for his courage and promoted to lieutenant. He was appalled by the number of tragic deaths involved in warfare, and left the army after the end of the Crimean War.

ellauri142.html on line 93: Tolstoy's concept of ahimsa was bolstered when he read a German version of the Tirukkura. The Tirukkuṟa (Tamil: திருக்குறள், lit. 'sacred verses'), or shortly the Kura, is a classic Tamil language text consisting of 1,330 short couplets, or kura, of seven words each. The text is divided into three books with aphoristic teachings on virtue (aram), wealth (porul) and sex (inbam), respectively. The Kura is traditionally praised with epithets and alternate titles such as "the Tamil Veda" and "the divine book." Written on the foundations of ahimsa, it emphasizes non-violence and moral vegetarianism as highest virtues for an individual.

ellauri142.html on line 100: “George Washington was a Mason, along with 13 other presidents and numerous Supreme Court Justices. Benjamin Franklin published a book about Freemasonry on his own printing press. Nine signers of the Declaration of Independence were Freemasons, including the man with way the biggest signature of all: John Hancock.” Put your Hancock right here on the line if it fits, like Babbitt said. 

ellauri142.html on line 108: The United States Masons, otherwise known as The Freemasons, were a highly political society in the 1700s. The first US lodge was opened in 1730 in New Jersey, where they initiated early plans and strategies used to fight the British. With its growing vault of secrets, expanding political influence, and stealth missions, it was an exciting time to be a Freemason.

ellauri142.html on line 110: Initially, the Freemason creed declared anti-Catholic, anti-Royalty, and anti-Democratic (i.e. Republican) virtues, including self-government, personal freedom, gun laws, and free enterprise. The basic tenet was that no person or organization should be controlled or oppressed by a government or religion, or their respective laws and doctrines. At their start, and for centuries, The Freemasons were a feisty, calculating, and powerful coalition.

ellauri142.html on line 120: Long ago, when the British government and the Catholic Church were more militant, it was dangerous to share these secrets, so all members worked hard to protect them. This is why, for several centuries, the coveted secrets of the Freemasons were known only to loyal members.

ellauri142.html on line 167: Vittu mitä pellejä! Jo on lapsellista touhua. According to the historian David Stevenson, it was influential on Freemasonry as it was emerging in Scotland.  Robert Vanloo (n.h.) states that earlier 17th century Rosicrucianism had a considerable influence on Anglo-Saxon Masonry. Hans Schick sees in the works of Comenius (1592–1670) the ideal of the newly born English Masonry before the foundation of the Grand Lodge in 1717. Comenius was in England during 1641. Their mission is to prepare the whole wide world for a new phase in religion, which includes awareness of the inner worlds and the subtle bodies, and to provide safe guidance in the gradual awakening of man's latent spiritual faculties during the next six centuries toward the coming Age of Aquariums. This is the dawning of it, judging by the sea levels. According to Masonic writers, the Order of the Rose Cross is expounded in a major Christian literary work that molded the subsequent spiritual beliefs of western civilization: The Divine Comedy (ca. 1308–1321) by Dante Alighieri. 

ellauri142.html on line 176: Some say that Maha was taken from Hebrew, meaning, “What a boner.” Some say its origins are from the Sanskrit “Möhömaha,” meaning potbelly, or lord.

ellauri142.html on line 264:   Humboldtin veljexiä oli 2, Alexander oli maantieteilijä, Wilhelm kielentutkija. Mulla on joku sen kielitieteen kirja hyllyssä. Joo Linguistic Variability & Intellectual Development. Pokkari. Onkohan se lyhennetty painos, Ei ole, vaikka lukuja on yhdistelty. Originally published in 1836 in the Royal Academy of Sciences of Berlin under the title Ueber die Verschiedenheit des menschlichen Sprachbaues und ihren Einfluss auf die geistige Entwicklung des Menschengeschlechz. Esipuheen on kirjoittanut Alexander-veli. Von Humboldt´s style is not a simple one for modern ears nor is his thought always clear. Despair was my constant companion, sanoi kääntäjä vuonna 1970.

ellauri142.html on line 330: Thomas à Kempis (c. 1380 – 25 July 1471; German: Thomas von Kempen; Dutch: Thomas van Kempen) was a German-Dutch canon regular of the late medieval period and the author of The Imitation of Christ, one of the most popular and best known Christian devotional books. His name means "Thomas of Kempen", Kempen being his home town. While the form Thomas à Kempis (with a faux-French accent on the à) is often found, it is actually incorrect. The correct Latin should be Thomas a Kempis (…from Kempen), as borne out by surviving contemporary mentions of his name.

ellauri142.html on line 332: He was a member of the Modern Devotion, a spiritual movement during the late medieval period, and a follower of Geert Groote, Peep Koort, and Florens Radewyns, the founders of the Brethren of the Common Life.

ellauri142.html on line 609:       Spencer's reputation among the Victorians owed a great deal to his agnosticism. He rejected theology as representing the 'impiety of the pious.' He was to gain much notoriety from his repudiation of traditional religion, and was frequently condemned by religious thinkers for allegedly advocating atheism and materialism. Nonetheless, unlike Thomas Henry Huxley, whose agnosticism was a militant creed directed at 'the unpardonable sin of faith' (in Adrian Desmond's phrase), Spencer insisted that he was not concerned to undermine religion in the name of science, but to bring about a reconciliation of the two. The following argument is a summary of Part 1 of his First Principles (2nd ed 1867).

ellauri143.html on line 61: The picture was also accompanied by a couplet from the first chapter of Thirukkural — “Katradhanaal aaya Payanen kol VaalaRivan natraal Thozhaaar enin,” which translates to — “What profit have those derived from learning, who worship not the good feet of him who is possessed of pure knowledge?”

ellauri143.html on line 71: The history behind the picture of Valluvar is itself an interesting one. Painter KR Venugopal Sarma picturised him in 1950s and the painting was accepted by then chief minister CN Annadurai as the official picture of the poet.

ellauri143.html on line 144:       Peter said to Him, "You shall never wash My feet." Jesus answered Him, "If I do not wash You, You have no part with Me." Simon Peter said to Him, "Lord, not My feet only, but also My hands and My head!" Jesus said to Him, "He who is bathed needs only to wash His feet, but is completely clean; and You are clean, but not all of You. Guess what part of You is coming next!"

ellauri143.html on line 1191:     Like him who seeks his couch with unwashed feet, 


ellauri143.html on line 1194:     The great unwashed. Jeesuskin pesee synnit pois. Kuramunaiset takatukat vielä likaisemmassa Gangesissa. Yäk. Jopa setä Fu oli demokraattisempi:

ellauri143.html on line 1461:       She seemed glad to see me when I appeared in the kitchen, and by watching her I began to think there was some skill involved in being a girl. - Harper Lee

ellauri143.html on line 1463:       “She seemed glad to see me. In fact, she actually said she was glad to see me – a statement no other aunt on the list would have committed herself to, the customary reaction of these near and dear ones to the spectacle of Bertram arriving for a visit being a sort of sick horror.” - P.G. Wodehouse

ellauri143.html on line 1466:       OTHELLO: I gave her such a one. ’Twas my first gift. IAGO: I know not that; but such a handkerchief—I am sure it was your wife’s—did I today

ellauri143.html on line 1505: Tamil Youths Ride on Toy Palmyra horses. In ancient Tamil Nadu, Tamil youths who fell in love with girls used to make a horse toy with Palmyra leaves and used to ride on it along the streets to make it public. Then the parents of the girls were forced to marry them. Though it was practised only by the Tamils in ancient India, the association of horse in this ritual show that it also came from the north. Horses came to India from outside. The oldest reference is in the Rig Veda.

ellauri143.html on line 1567:       Because the armlet from my wasted arm has slid.

ellauri144.html on line 96: Clarkson was nominated for Stonewall’s Bigot of the Year award in 2007 for refusing to apologise for using homophobic slurs on Top Gear.      

ellauri144.html on line 181: 
Phillu mainizee (175) Mandelin tykänneen Tito Puentesista ja Pupi Camposta niin paljon että muutti nimensä Babaluuxi. (Kolmas nimi on pianisti Joe Loco.) "Babalú" is a Cuban popular afro song written by Margarita Lecuona, the cousin of composers Ernestina and Ernesto Lecuona. The song title is a reference to the Santería deity Babalú Ayé. "Babalú" was the signature song of the fictional television character Ricky Ricardo, played by Desi Arnaz in the television comedy series I Love Lucy, though it was already an established musical number for Arnaz in the 1940s as evidenced in the 1946 film short Desi Arnaz and His Orchestra. By the time Arnaz had adopted the song, it had become a Latin American music standard, associated mainly with Cuban singer Miguelito Valdés, who recorded one of its many versions with Xavier Cugat and his Waldorf-Astoria Orchestra. Arnaz made the song a rather popular cultural reference in the United States. 

ellauri144.html on line 265: In America, "Guantanamera" has been used during anti-war demonstrations, union strikes, marches for an overhaul of the US immigration system, and civil rights for immigrants. In more recent demonstrations, it was sung at Wall Street and around the country where folks were commenting on the balance of wealth.

ellauri144.html on line 280:   The film was produced as part of the studio's goodwill message for Latin America. The film stars Donald Duck, who in the course of the film is joined by old friend José Carioca, the cigar-smoking parrot from Saludos Amigos, who represents Brazil, and later becomes friends with a pistol-packing rooster named Panchito Pistoles, who represents Mexico. The Disney song is pathetically bad. Donald Duck's telescope has an erection when the duck focuses on Latin beauties, such as Carmen Mirandaellauri144.html on line 287: Avrom Hirsch Goldbogen (aka Michael Todd) (born June 22, 1909 – March 22, 1958) was a JEWISH American theater and film producer, best known for his 1956 production of Around the World in 80 Days, which won an Academy Award for Best Picture. He is known as the third of Elizabeth Taylor's seven husbands, and is the only one whom she did not divorce (because he died in a private plane accident a year after their marriage).

ellauri144.html on line 289: Avrom  was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to Chaim Goldbogen (an Orthodox rabbi), and Sophia Hellerman, both of whom were Polish Jewish immigrants. He was one of nine children in a poor family, the youngest son, and his siblings nicknamed him "Tod" (pronounced "Toat" in German) to mimic his difficulty pronouncing the word "coat." It was from this that his name was derived. Nomen erat omen.

ellauri144.html on line 290: He eventually dropped out of high school, and worked at a variety of jobs, including shoe salesman and store window decorator. One of his first jobs was as a soda jerk. When the drugstore went out of business, Todd had acquired enough medical knowledge from his work there to be hired at Chicago's Michael Reese Hospital as a type of "security guard" to stop visitors from bringing in food that was not on the patient's diet.

ellauri144.html on line 292:   The company he owned with his brother went bankrupt when its financial backing failed in the early days of the Great Depression. Not yet 21, Todd had lost over $1 million (equivalent to about $15,492,032 in today's funds). Todd married the former Bertha Freshman on February 14, 1927, and was the father of an infant son with no home for his family. Todd's subsequent business career was volatile, and failed ventures left him bankrupt many times.

ellauri144.html on line 298: In June 1977, Avrom's remains were desecrated by graverobbers. The thieves broke into his casket looking for a $100,000 diamond ring, which, according to rumor, Taylor had placed on her husband's finger prior to his burial. The bag containing Avrom's remains was found under a tree near his burial plot. The bag and casket had been sealed in Albuquerque after Avrom's remains were identified following the 1958 crash. Avrom''s remains were once more identified through dental records and were reburied in a secret location.

ellauri144.html on line 352: "The force that through the green fuse drives the flower" is a poem by Welsh poet Dylan Thomas— the poem that "made Thomas famous." Written in 1933 (when Thomas was nineteen), it was first published in his 1934 collection, 18 Poems.

ellauri144.html on line 392: Dylan Marlais Thomas (27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953 = 39v) was a Welsh poet and writer whose works include the poems "Do not go gentle into that good night" (Josta suomenruozalainen leijakirjailija otti "Älä mene yxin yöllä ulos") and "And death shall have no dominion"; the "play for voices" Under Milk Wood; and stories and radio broadcasts such as A Child´s Christmas in Wales and Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog. He became widely popular in his lifetime and remained so after his death at the age of 39 in New York City. By then he had acquired a reputation, which he had encouraged, as a "roistering, drunken and doomed poet".

ellauri144.html on line 394:   Dylan Thomas was born on 27 October 1914 in Swansea, the son of Florence Hannah (née Williams; 1882–1958), a seamstress, and David John Thomas (1876–1952), a teacher. His father had a first-class honours degree in English from University College, Aberystwyth and ambitions to rise above his position teaching English literature at the local grammar school, which he never did. Thomas had one sibling, Nancy Marles (1906–1953), who was eight years his senior. The children spoke only English, though their parents were bilingual in English and Welsh, and David Thomas gave Welsh lessons at home. Thomas´s father chose the name Dylan, which could be translated as "son of the sea", after Dylan ail Don, a character in The Mabinogion. (Mulla on se, mutten ole lukenut.) His middle name, Marlais, was given in honour of his great-uncle, William Thomas, a Unitarian minister and poet whose bardic name was Gwilym Marles. Se oli se silverbäk jota ne kaikki koittivat apinoida. Dylan, pronounced ˈ [ˈdəlan] (Dull-an) in Welsh, caused his mother to worry that he might be teased as the "dull one" (which he was). When he broadcast on Welsh BBC, early in his career, he was introduced using this pronunciation. Thomas favoured the Anglicised pronunciation and gave instructions that it should be Dillan /ˈdɪlən/. He was fed up with the "dull one" joke. in 1914. In 1931, when he was 16, Thomas, an undistinguished pupil, left school to become a reporter for the South Wales Daily Post, only to leave under pressure 18 months later.

ellauri144.html on line 396:   His best works appeared in print while he was still a teenager. In 1934, the publication of "Light breaks where no sun shines" caught the attention of the literary world. Stick it where no sun shines. While living in London, Thomas met Caitlin Macnamara. They married in 1937. In 1938, they settled in Laugharne, Carmarthenshire, and brought on their three children.   

ellauri144.html on line 398: Thomas came to be appreciated as a popular poet during his lifetime, though he found earning a living as a writer was difficult. He began augmenting his income with reading tours and radio broadcasts. His radio recordings for the BBC during the late 1940s brought him to the public´s attention, and he was frequently used by the BBC as an accessible voice of the literary scene. Thomas first travelled to the United States in the 1950s. His readings there brought him a degree of fame, while his erratic behaviour and drinking worsened. His time in the United States cemented his legend, however, and he went on to record to vinyl such works as A Child´s Christmas in Wales. Phil Rothin ekalla tyttöystävällä oll Dylan Thomas-levy, jota ne kuuntelivat pukilla. During his fourth trip to New York in 1953, Thomas became gravely ill and fell into a coma. He died on 9 November 1953 and his body was returned to Wales. On 25 November 1953, he was interred at St Martin´s churchyard in Laugharne. What a laugh. 

ellauri144.html on line 400:   His childhood featured regular summer trips to Llansteffan where his maternal relatives were the sixth generation to farm there. His mother´s family, the Williamses, lived in such farms as Waunfwlchan, Llwyngwyn, Maesgwyn and Penycoed.[17] The memory of Fernhill, a dairy farm owned by his maternal aunt, Ann Jones,[18] is evoked in the 1945 lyrical poem "Fern Hill". Thomas had bronchitis and asthma in childhood and struggled with these throughout his life. Thomas was indulged by his mother and enjoyed being mollycoddled, a trait he carried into adulthood, and he was skilful in gaining attention and sympathy. During his final school years he began writing poetry in notebooks; the first poem, dated 27 April (1930), is entitled "Osiris, come to Isis". In June 1928, Thomas won the school´s mile race, held at St. Helen´s Ground; he carried a newspaper photograph of his victory with him until his death.

ellauri144.html on line 482: Let Us Now Praise Famous Men is a book with text by American writer James Agee and photographs by American photographer Walker Evans, first published in 1941 in the American United States. The work documents the lives of impoverished tenant farmers during the Great Depression. Although it is in keeping with Evans´s work with the Farm Security Administration, the project was initiated not by the FSA, but by Fortune magazine. The title derives from a passage in the Wisdom of Sirach (44:1) that begins, "Let us now praise famous men, and our fathers that begat us".

ellauri144.html on line 537:     Iowassa kustantajaa vaihtanut ja muutenkin pullistunut Phillu alkaa tylsistyä Maggiin, toiset naiset on alkaneet kiinnostaa enemmän. Dylan Thomas oli distinguished guest Iowassa 60-luvun alussa. Phillu shtuppii nyt oppilastaan Karen Oakesia, Maggie järkyttyy, ottaa nappeja ja viskiä ja kertoo vessanpytyn ääressä neekerinpissajäynästä. Kurt Vonnegut, Norman Mailer ja Saul Bellow otti Phillun tapaan uudet hanit alle joka lukuvuosi. Se pitää kirjailijan pirteänä. Phillu groomas samaan aikaan ahkerasti Maggien 10-vuotiasta Holly-tyttöä. Maggie oli niin mustasukkainen että Phillu piilotti keittiöveizet auton vararenkaaseen.

ellauri144.html on line 542: Bierce oli toinen sotakirjailija mutta oli sentään ollut sodassa. His war stories influenced Stephen Crane, Ernest Hemingway, and others, and he was considered an influential and feared literary critic.

ellauri144.html on line 544: Ambrose Gwinnett Bierce (June 24, 1842 – circa 1914) was an American short story writer, journalist, poet, and Civil War veteran. His book The Devil´s Dictionary was named as one of "The 100 Greatest Masterpieces of American Literature" by the American Revolution Bicentennial Administration. His story "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" has been described as "one of the most famous and frequently anthologized stories in American literature", and his book Tales of Soldiers and Civilians (also published as In the Midst of Life) was named by the Grolier Club as one of the 100 most influential American books printed before 1900.

ellauri144.html on line 546: A prolific and versatile writer, Bierce was regarded as one of the most influential journalists in the United States, and as a pioneering writer of realist fiction. For his horror writing, Michael Dirda ranked him alongside Edgar Allan Poe and H. P. Lovecraft. S. T. Joshi speculates that he may well be the greatest satirist America has ever produced, and in this regard can take his place with such figures as Juvenal, Swift, and Voltaire. His war stories influenced Stephen Crane, Ernest Hemingway, and others, and he was considered an influential and feared literary critic. In recent decades Bierce has gained wider respect as a fabulist and for his poetry.   

ellauri144.html on line 548: Both of Bierce´s sons died before he did. Day committed suicide after a romantic rejection (he non-fatally shot the woman of his affections along with her fiancé beforehand), and Leigh died of pneumonia related to alcoholism. Bierce separated from his wife in 1888, after discovering compromising letters to her from an admirer. They divorced in 1904. Mollie Day Bierce died the following year. Bierce was an avowed agnostic, and strongly rejected the divinity of Christ. He suffered from lifelong asthma, as well as complications from his war wounds, most notably episodes of fainting and irritability assignable to the traumatic brain injury suffered at Kennesaw Mountain.  In 1913, Bierce told reporters that he was travelling to Mexico to gain first-hand experience of the Mexican Revolution. He disappeared and was never seen again.

ellauri144.html on line 552:     Like Poe, Bierce professed to be mainly concerned with the artistry of his work, yet critics find him more intent on conveying his misanthropy and pessimism. His bare, economical style of supernatural horror is usually distinguished from the verbally lavish tales of Poe. In his lifetime, Bierce was famous as a California journalist dedicated to exposing the truth as he understood it, regardless of whose reputations were harmed by his attacks. For his sardonic wit and damning observations on the personalities and events of the day, he became known as "the wickedest man in San Francisco." Tälläisiä löytyy Ambrosen pirun raamatusta:

ellauri144.html on line 650: Raffalovich was a 19th century Hebrew Catholic or Catholic Jew. His name was Marc-Andre Raffalovich and was a famous French poet and writer associated with John Gray and Oscar Wilde. He came from a wealthy Russian Jewish family from Odessa who moved to France a year before his birth. He became a Catholic in 1896 through the reading of Catholic mystical literature especially homahtava St John of the Cross. Ei ois kannattanut. For

ellauri144.html on line 691: Mark Zuckerberg in MBTI? Other websites have him as either a INTP or INTJ. I’m going with INTJ, he was an early achiever, while INTPs can often be late bloomers, this is due to the late development of the Judging function. INTJs also tend to be more focused, serious, follow traditions and rules. While the types have many similarities, INTJ seems to be the closer match. Väpelö hörhö nörtti kimmo. Propellipää - luovaa kirpunnyljentää. Sitäpä sitä. Saatanan jutku. Metatron meni neuvomaan Aabrahamille miten Iisakki olis paras uhrata. Viime minuutilla tuli peruutus: kyllä mulle tänään oikeastaan maistuiskin paremmin toi syntipukki. Lisäohjeita albumissa 115.

ellauri144.html on line 698: When Allura learns that Max, who was her rival for the directorship, is to marry Lana, Allura’s little sister, she swears revenge. Max’s confidence is shaken, and on his next all-night shift at the station, an accident causes the meltdown of one of the reactors. In the ensuing catastrophe, the region and its people are poisoned, and the survivors are forced to evacuate their beloved town.

ellauri145.html on line 110:     As a traveling salesman and correspondence clerk, his research and thought was time-limited: he complained of "serving the knavery of merchants" and the stupefaction of "deceitful and degrading duties." Fourier produced most of his writings between 1816 and 1821. In 1822, he tried to sell his books again but with no success. Jobs people might not enjoy doing would receive higher pay. Fourier considered trade, which he associated with Jews, to be the "source of all evil" and advocated that Jews be forced to perform farm work in the phalansteries or else sent back to The Philistines with Rotschild money. Fourier´s contempt for the respectable thinkers and ideologies of his age was so intense that he always used the terms philosopher and civilization in a pejorative sense. 


ellauri145.html on line 112:  Fourier was also a supporter of women´s rights in a time period when misogynic influences like Jean-Jacques Rousseau were prevalent. Fourier is credited with having originated the word feminism in 1837. Fourier believed that all important jobs should be open to women on the basis of skill and aptitude rather than closed on account of gender. He spoke of women as individuals, not as half the human couple. Fourier saw that "traditional" marriage could potentially hurt woman´s rights as human beings and thus never married. Writing before the advent of the term ´homosexuality´, Fourier held that both men and women have a wide range of sexual needs and preferences which may change throughout their lives, including same-sex sexuality and androgénité. He argued that all sexual expressions should be enjoyed as long as people are not abused, and that "affirming one´s difference" can actually enhance social integration. Stark raving mad, he was!

ellauri145.html on line 117:     Thomas De Quincey: On Murder Considered as one of the Fine Arts Thomas Penson De Quincey (/də ˈkwɪnsi/;[1] 15 August 1785 – 8 December 1859) was an English writer, essayist, and literary critic, best known for his Confessions of an English Opium-Eater (1821) Many scholars suggest that in publishing this work De Quincey inaugurated the tradition of addiction literature in the West. Mulla on toi kirja, mä luinkin sen, mutta se oli kyllä aika pitkästyttävä. Tämänkertainen ozikko tuo mieleen sen usein mietityttäneen havainnon että mixhän vitussa 50% tv-sarjoista on murhajuttuja. Eikai siinä muuta ole kun että KILL! on 1/3 apinan mieliharrastuxista. Dekkarit ja horrorit on musta lattapäisyyden selvimpiä ilmentymiä.

ellauri145.html on line 192:     Upon this I made an effort to get up, in order to put my threat into execution; but the ruffian just reached across the table very deliberately, and hitting me a tap on the forehead with the neck of one of the long bottles, knocked me back into the arm-chair from which I had half arisen.  I was utterly astounded; and, for a moment, was quite at a loss what to do.  In the meantime, he continued his talk.

ellauri145.html on line 196:     "And odd enough, too," I ventured to reply; "but I was always under the impression that an angel had wings."

ellauri145.html on line 400:     Lewis Carroll: Lobster Quadrille. Lewis Carrollin main claim to fame Bretonin mustan huumorin kirjassa on ezen Hunting of The Snark (Jabberwockyn ´twas brillig and the slithe momes jatko-osa) ilmestyi samana vuonna kuin presubrealisti Lautremontin Pahanhajuiset laulut (joista enemmän alla). Tähän niteeseen on Antero jostain syystä ottanut Liisan Ihmemaassa Osterien laulun; outoa sikäli, että se on oikeasti melko hauska. 

ellauri145.html on line 404: Roger Tichborne, heir to the noble and filthy rich Tichborne family´s title and fortunes, was presumed to have died in a shipwreck in 1854 at age 25. His mother clung to a belief that he might have survived, and after hearing rumours that he had made his way to Australia, she advertised extensively in Australian newspapers, offering a reward for information. In 1866, a Wagga Wagga butcher known as Thomas Castro came forward claiming to be Roger Tichborne. Although his manners and bearing were unrefined, he gathered support and travelled to England. He was instantly accepted by Lady Tichborne as her son, although other family members were dismissive and sought to expose him as an impostor. During protracted enquiries before the case went to court in 1871, details emerged suggesting that the claimant might be Arthur Orton, a butcher´s son from Wapping in London, who had gone to sea as a boy and had last been heard of in Australia. After a civil court had rejected the claimant´s case, he was charged with perjury; while awaiting trial he campaigned throughout the country to gain popular support. In 1874, a criminal court jury decided that he was not Roger Tichborne and declared him to be Arthur Orton. Before passing a sentence of 14 years, the judge condemned the behaviour of the claimant´s counsel, Edward Kenealy, who was subsequently disbarred because of his conduct.

ellauri145.html on line 406: After the trial, Kenealy instigated a popular radical reform movement, the Magna Charta Association, which championed the claimant´s cause for some years. Kenealy was elected to Parliament in 1875 as a radical independent but was not an effective parliamentarian. The movement was in decline when the claimant was released in 1884, and he had no dealings with it. In 1895, he confessed to being Orton, only to recant almost immediately. He lived generally in poverty for the rest of his life and was destitute at the time of his death in 1898. Although most commentators have accepted the court´s view that the claimant was Orton, some analysts believe that an element of doubt remains as to his true identity and that, conceivably, he was Roger Tichborne. Or not. 

ellauri145.html on line 436:     Charles Cros Émile-Hortensius-Charles Cros (October 1, 1842 – August 9, 1888) was a French poet and inventor. He was born in Fabrezan, Aude, France, 35 km to the East of Carcassonne. Cros was a well-regarded poet and humorous writer. He developed various improved methods of photography including an early color photo process. He also invented improvements in telegraph technology. In the early 1870s Cros had published with Mallarmé, Villiers and Verlaine in the short-lived weekly Renaissance littéraire et artistique, edited by Emile Blémont. His poem The Kippered Herring inspired Ernest Coquelin to create what he called monologues, short theatrical pieces whose format was copied by numerous imitators. The piece, translated as The Salt Herring, was translated and illustrated by Edward Gorey. He spent years petitioning the French government to build a giant mirror that could be used to communicate with the Martians and Venusians by burning giant lines on the deserts of those planets. He was never convinced that the Martians were not a proven fact, nor that the mirror he wanted was technically impossible to build. Tästä hepusta tulee mieleen Spede Pasanen ja sen hiihtolinko. 

ellauri145.html on line 512: Friedrich Nietzsche, Karl Marx and Charles Darwin are the great triumvirate of 19th-century thinkers whose ideas still have huge impact today. Nietzsche was philosophy’s supreme iconoclast; his sayings include “God is dead” and “There are no facts, only interpretations”. Highly relevant, yet his association with concepts such as the Übermensch, master morality, slave morality and, possibly most dangerous, the will to power, have also contributed to him being widely misinterpreted. There are three myths in particular that need dynamiting: that his politics were on the far right, he was a misogynist and he lacked a sense of humour. Of a sort.

ellauri145.html on line 518: Ernst Krieck, a prominent Nazi ideologue, sarcastically remarked that apart from the fact that Nietzsche was not a socialist, not a nationalist and opposed to racial thinking, he might have been a leading National Socialist thinker.

ellauri145.html on line 522: We have to bestow blame on one particular Nazi named Martin Heidegger. Martin Heidegger’s magnum opus Being and Time was in large part an attempt to create a systematic understanding of metaphysics and human condition building from Nietzsche’s work. Heidegger became the Nazi rector for the entire German university system, which gave the Nazi party a huge bolster of academic legitimacy, and he promoted the Nazi party and their agenda from his classroom, often sporting the Brown Shirt. When the Nazi’s really began to take power, Hitler kicked out Heidegger as University Rector.

ellauri145.html on line 524: Following the war, academics who had supported the Nazi regime were banned from teaching, including Heidegger, who never spoke publicly or privately about his involvement. Heidegger turned away from his earlier project of creating a fundamental ontology, and in doing so he also turned away from Nietzsche - or so his writings would make it appear. In truth, he remained just as indebted to Nietzsche’s work as he ever was, only he shifted focus. He created a false presentation of Nietzsche’s work in order to distance himself from his own past and involvement with the Nazis. Many academics take Heidegger’s critique of Nietzsche to be factual and seem to excuse Heidegger because he was under the influence of Nietzsche.

ellauri145.html on line 526: Heidegger’s analysis of Nietzsche is entirely inauthentic. He alleges that Nietzsche merges a metaphysics of force with a Marxist analysis of labor to create a technological metaphysics of domination - however, Nietzsche’s analysis of force was completely counter to Marx’s and the marriage of Nietzsche and Marx is not Nietzsche, but is rather National Socialism, and the philosophical framework of this marriage is none other than Being and Time.

ellauri145.html on line 535: Intellectuals very often have an image the same way rock stars and movie directors do. There’s the real person, and there’s the body of work they create, and then there’s the image, the popular conception of that person. Most people don’t understand theoretical physics and are not interested in learning the math to do so, and most people probably wouldn’t understand anything in the papers that Hawking has authored or co-authored. But most of us know who Hawking was, not only because he wrote popular books but because he was paralyzed and sat in a wheelchair and had a robot voice. The idea of a theoretical physicist who does all his work with his brain even though his body is destroyed and speaks through a machine is almost like a comic book character, and the popular imagination loves that.

ellauri145.html on line 537: Nietzsche’s image, through no more fault of his own than Hawking´s (LOL), has grown in a similar way to that of Hawking. We all have a vague notion of what the Ubermensch is, we’ve all heard “God is dead,” and we all know Nietzsche was a crazy philosopher with a giant mustache who wrote really hard books and scared his contemporaries and was apparently a favorite of the Nazis. There are little quips and quotes from him around the internet that sound awfully cryptic and enigmatic. And the publishing industry plays on this image, too: I have a copy of Beyond Good And Evil with a black cover and the title text printed in red and white, and the color scheme looks a little sinister. I strongly suspect that, if Nietzsche did not have a popular image as a crazy nihilist Nazi Ubermensch from the 1800s, the publisher would not have made the decision to print his books with a black and red color scheme. A cursory look at Amazon’s book listing also shows copies of Thus Spake Zarathustra with a picture of a panther’s eyes on the cover, glowering at the reader. Because… “Nietzsche was that crazy German writer or philosopher or whatever, right? And he was, like, an anarchist or nihilist or Nazi or something, right? Didn’t he kill God or something like that? Yeah.”

ellauri145.html on line 545: The answer to this is very simple. Utilitarianism is concerned only with the volume of pleasure and pain, and Nietzsche says in so many words that as soon as you even enter into this kind of thinking, you are already deep into the territory of nihilism. It is passive; concerned with high maintenance, not constructivism; aloof or indifferent to meaning, something to justify the effort in the first place, even when it is successful, let alone when it isn’t. It is the staid, kindly, sober—not to say, the British—version of the same imbecilic nihilism that was prevailing on the continent in the same era. Mill did not understand the difference between pleasure and (counterfactual) happiness, between pain and suffering, between real (spiritual) slavery and freedom. Eli koska se oli säälittävä mursuwiixinen luuseri.

ellauri145.html on line 551:   Although there is certainly a bias toward “masculinity” in Nietzsche’s works, this does not necessarily mean what it is presumed to mean. “Masculinity” is not, for instance a code word for “male”. It does not apply as a broad category to those who have a certain set of genitals. In fact what the term means is having the sort of virtues that one might have typically related to the masculine virtues that were considered admirable at various times in the past. These include courage, transcendence of petty emotional concerns, fearlessness in the face of death, and so on. Intellectual courage was a particular attribute that Nietzsche was trying to encourage in his readers though his appeal to the term, “masculinity”.

ellauri145.html on line 553: In other words: that guy was an overbearing ass, a misanthrope at best and a narcissist of the worst kind. I guess he appeals to men about as much as Hemmingway. That would be very, very little. In The Gay Science, he notes how monstrous it is that young women are brought up told that sex is shameful and sinful. Koska se oli säälittävä mursuwiixinen luuseri joka ei päässyt viivalle, vaivoin ulettui vetämään wiixeen edes izeään. Lou Salomekin bylsi mieluummin Rane Rilkeä. Ei wiixet kutittaneet niin ilkeästi.

ellauri145.html on line 697: 1890, while composing Là-bas, Huysmans was thoroughly fed up with both Zola and Naturalism. He wanted his novel to be “le dernier décarcassement de cette butte croulante qu’on nomme le naturalisme!” (24 July 1890, letter 99:200). Luhistuva kuoppa. Tarkoitti takuulla peräreikää. Hullua, sehän niitä nimenomaan kiinnosti.

ellauri145.html on line 699:     Là-bas did strike a serious blow to the public’s conception of Naturalism. The novel, which opens with a two-page invective against Naturalism, was serialized in L’Echo de Paris, beginning on February 16, 1891. Huysmans’s protagonist, Durtal, feebly defends himself against his friend, Des Hermies, who maligns Naturalism as “du cloportisme” (siiramaisuudesta) while accusing it of having sold out: “Il a vanté l’américanisme nouveau des moeurs, abouti à l’éloge de la force brutale, à l’apothéose du coffre-fort. Par un prodige d’humilité, il a révéré le goût nauséeux des foules, et, par cela même, il a répudié le style, rejeté toute pensée altière, tout élan vers le surnaturel et l’au-delà...” (XII, 1, 6-7).

ellauri145.html on line 707:     Durtal admires the documentation of Naturalism, yet wants to open it to the supernatural, to an exploration of both body and spirit: it will be a kind of “naturalisme spiritualiste” that will follow Zola’s route, but in the air.6 This tension between realism and the supernatural lies at the heart of Là-bas, a novel in which Huysmans follows Durtal’s spiritual transformation as he researches medieval and modern Satanism.  Là-bas was a scandalous best-seller. It inspired a great deal of public debate, especially since it was published in the same review and at the same time as Jules Huret’s first Enquête sur l’évolution littéraire, a series of sixty-four interviews conducted with major French authors from March 3 to July 5, 1891.7 This series, which asked its interviewees whether Naturalism was dead, was a phenomenal success read by all of Paris.8 Huret caused every non-Naturalist writer to agree that Zola’s brand of Naturalism was obsolete because it neglected humanity’s soul.

ellauri145.html on line 709:     When Zola was interviewed for this series on March 31, one month after Là-bas had begun to appear, even he admitted that it was possible that Naturalism was drawing to a close: “C’est  possible. Nous avons tenu un gros morceau du siècle, nous n’avons pas à nous plaindre; et nous représentons un moment assez splendide dans l’évolution des idées au dix-neuvième siècle pour ne pas craindre d’envisager l’avenir” (XII, 653).

ellauri145.html on line 723: Édouard-Joachim Corbière (18 July 1845 – 1 March 1875) was a French poet born in Coat-Congar, Ploujean (now part of Morlaix) in Brittany, where he lived most of his life before dying of tuberculosis at the age of 29. Helmin ikäisenä. Profiilikuvassa sillä on aivan jättimäinen baskeri, lökäpöxyt ja kumiteräsaappaat.

ellauri145.html on line 725: His mother Marie-Angélique-Aspasie Puyo, 19 years old at the time of his birth, belonged to one of the most prominent families of the local bourgeoisie. His father was Antoine-Édouard Corbière, known for his best-selling novel Le Négrier. A cousin, Constant Puyo, was a well-known Pictorialist photographer.

ellauri145.html on line 727: During his schooling at the Imperial Lycée of Saint-Brieuc where he studied from 1858 until 1860, he fell prey to a deep depression, and, over several freezing winters, contracted the severe rheumatism which was to disfigure him severely. He blamed his parents for having placed him there, far from his family´s care and affection. Difficulties in adapting to the harsh discipline of the college´s noble débris (distinguished relics, i.e., teachers) gradually developed those characteristics of anarchic disdain and sarcasm which were to give much of his verse its distinctive voice.

ellauri145.html on line 729: Corbière´s only published verse in his lifetime appeared in Les amours jaunes, 1873, a volume that went almost unnoticed until Paul Verlaine included him in his gallery of poètes maudits (accursed poets). Thereafter Verlaine´s recommendation was enough to establish him as one of the masters acknowledged by the Symbolists, and he was subsequently rediscovered and treated as a predecessor by the surrealists.

ellauri145.html on line 731: Close-packed, linked to the ocean and his Breton roots, and tinged with disdain for Romantic sentimentalism, his work is also characterised by its idiomatic play and exceptional modernity. He was praised by both Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot (whose work he had a great influence on). Many subsequent modernist poets have also studied him, and he has often been translated into English.

ellauri145.html on line 1057: The impact of Arthur Rimbaud´ s poetry has been immense. His influence on the Surrealist movement has been widely acknowledged, and a host of poets, from André Breton to André Freynaud, have recognized their indebtedness to Rimbaud´ s vision and technique. He was the enfant terrible of French poetry in the second half of the 19th century and a major figure in symbolism.

ellauri145.html on line 1155:   Jean-Pierre Brisset Jean-Pierre Brisset (October 30 1837 – September 2 1919) was a French outsider writer.

ellauri145.html on line 1160: Born into a farming family of La Sauvagère, Brisset was an autodidact. Having left school at age twelve to help on the family farm, he apprenticed as a pastry chef in Paris three years later. In 1855, he enlisted in the army for seven years and fought in the Crimean War. In 1859, during the war in Italy against the Austrians. After he was wounded at the Battle of Magenta, he was taken prisoner. During the Franco-Prussian War, he was a second lieutenant in the 50e régiment d´infanterie de ligne. Taken prisoner again, he was sent to Magdeburg in Saxony where he learned German.

ellauri145.html on line 1162: In 1871, he published La natation ou l’art de nager appris seul en moins d’une heure (Learning the art of swimming alone in less than an hour), then resigned from the Army and moved to Marseilles. Here he filed a patent for the "airlift swimming trunks and belt with a double compensatory reservoir". This commercial endeavor was a complete failure. He returned to Magdeburg, where he earned his living as a language teacher, developing a method for learning French, which he self-published in 1874.

ellauri145.html on line 1164: Brisset became stationmaster at the railway station of Angers, and later of L´Aigle. After publishing another book on the French language, he undertook his major philosophical work, in which contended that humans were descended from frogs. Brisset supported his contention by comparing the French and frog languages (such as "logement" = dwelling, comes from "l'eau" = water). He was serious about his "morosophy", and authored a number of books and pamphlets put forth his indisputable substantiations, which he had printed and distributed at his own expense.

ellauri145.html on line 1166: In 1912, novelist Jules Romains, who had obtained copies of God´s Mystery and The Human Origins, set up, with the help of fellow hoaxers, a rigged election for a "Prince of Thinkers". Unsurprisingly, Brisset got elected. The Election Committee then called Brisset to Paris in 1913, where he was received and acclaimed with great pomp. He partook in several ceremonies and a banquet and uttered emotional words of thanks for this unexpected late recognition of his work. Newspapers exposed the hoax the next day.

ellauri146.html on line 46:     Christian Dietrich Grabbe (* 11. Dezember 1801 in Detmold; † 12. September 1836 ebenda) war ein deutscher Dramatiker des Vormärz. Der Begriff Vormärz bezeichnet die Epoche der deutschen Geschichte zwischen der Julirevolution von 1830 und der Märzrevolution von 1848. Einige Historiker fassen die Epoche etwas weiter und lassen sie bereits mit dem Wiener Kongress von 1815 beginnen. Geographisch beschränkt sich der Begriff auf die Staaten des auf dem Kongress gegründeten Deutschen Bundes.

ellauri146.html on line 69: Ottavio Piccolomini, 1st Duke of Amalfi (11 November 1599 – 11 August 1656) was an Italian nobleman whose military career included service as a Spanish general and then as a field marshal of the Holy Roman Empire. Pisti hönöön ruozalaisille 30-vuotisessa sodassa. 

ellauri146.html on line 75: RATTENGIFT (sitzt an einem Tische und will dichten). Ach, die Gedanken! Reime sind da, aber die Gedanken, die Gedanken! Da sitze ich, trinke Kaffee, kaue Federn, schreibe hin, streiche aus, und kann keinen Gedanken finden, keinen Gedanken! – Ha, wie ergreife ichs nun? Halt, halt! was geht mir da für eine Idee auf? – Herrlich! göttlich! eben über den Gedanken, daß ich keinen Gedanken finden kann, will ich ein Sonett machen, und wahrhaftig dieser Gedanke über die Gedankenlosigkeit, ist der genialste Gedanke, der mir nur einfallen konnte! Ich mache gleichsam eben darüber, daß ich nicht zu dichten vermag, ein Gedicht! Wie pikant! wie originell! (Er läuft schnell vor den Spiegel.) Auf Ehre, ich sehe doch recht genial aus! (Er setzt sich an einen Tisch.) Nun will ich anfangen! (Er schreibt.)

ellauri146.html on line 82:     Ja, was in aller Welt sitzt nun so, daß es aussieht wie ich, wenn ich Federn kaue? Wo bekomme ich hier ein schickliches Bild her? Ich will ans Fenster springen und sehen, ob ich draußen nichts Ähnliches erblicke! (Er macht das Fenster auf und sieht ins Freie.) Dort sitzt ein Junge und kackt – Ne, so sieht es nicht aus! – Aber drüben auf der Steinbank sitzt ein zahnloser Bettler und beißt auf ein Stück hartes Brot – Nein, das wäre zu trivial, zu gewöhnlich! (Er macht das Fenster wieder zu und geht in der Stube umher.) Hm, hm! fällt mir denn nichts ein? Ich will doch einmal alles aufzählen, was kauet. Eine Katze kauet, ein Iltis kauet, ein Löwe – Halt! ein Löwe! – Was kauet ein Löwe? Er kauet entweder ein Schaf, oder einen Ochsen, oder eine Ziege, oder ein Pferd – Halt! ein Pferd! – Was dem Pferde die Mähne ist, das ist einer Feder die Fahne, also sehen sich beide ziemlich ähnlich – (jauchzend.) Triumph, da ist ja das Bild! Kühn, neu, calderonisch!

ellauri146.html on line 88: (Er liest diese zwei Zeilen noch einmal laut über und schnalzt mit der Zunge, als ob sie ihm gut schmeckten.) Nein, nein! So eine Metapher gibt es noch gar nicht! Ich erschrecke vor meiner eignen poetischen Kraft! (Behaglich eine Tasse Kaffee schlürfend.) Das Pferd eine Löwenfeder! Und nun das Beiwort »schnell«! Wie treffend! Welche Feder möchte auch wohl schneller sein als das Pferd? – Auch die Worte »eh der Morgen grauet!« wie echt homerisch! Sie passen zwar durchaus nicht hieher, aber sie machen das Bild selbstständig, machen es zu einem Epos im kleinen! – O, ich muß noch einmal vor den Spiegel laufen! (Sich darin betrachtend.) Bei Gott, ein höchst geniales Gesicht! Zwar ist die Nase etwas kolossal, doch das gehört dazu! Ex ungue leonem, an der Nase das Genie!

ellauri146.html on line 92: TEUFEL. Wissen Sie auch, was die Welt ist?

ellauri146.html on line 98: RATTENGIFT. Herr, ich werde verrückt! – Ist die Welt ein Lustspiel, was ist denn die Hölle, die doch ebenfalls in der Welt ist?

ellauri146.html on line 124: Rudolf von Gottschall (1823–1909) oli saksalainen kirjailija, aikansa Saksan monipuolisimpia. Gottschall oli lyyrikko (Neue Gedichte), eepikko (Carlo Zeno, Maja), hän kirjoitti romaaneja (Im Banne des schwarzen Adlers) ja erityisesti näytelmiä: hänen merkittäviä murhenäytelmiään ovat Mazeppa, Der Nabob, Katharina Howard, König Karl XII, Herzog Bernhard von Weimar ja Amy Robsart. Hän kirjoitti myös komedioita, kuten Fix und Fox, Die Diplomaten, Der Spion von Rheinsberg. Mit einer Doktorarbeit über die römischen Strafen bei Ehebruch wurde er 1846 in Königsberg promoviert. De adulterii poenis iure romano constitutis. Gottschalls fortschrittliches Schaffen war zu seinen Lebzeiten geachtet, seine Dramen wurden gern gespielt. Seine Werke zeichneten sich vor allem durch unabhängige Urteilskraft, aber auch durch zeitbezogene Kritik aus, was mit dazu beigetragen hat, dass er nach seinem Tode schnell in Vergessenheit geriet. Lisäksi hän oli kirjallisuushistorioitsija ja esteetikko. Kirjallisuudentutkijana hän julkaisi teoksen Poetik. Vittuako se selitti tossa suorasanaisesti mitä Grabbe kertoo ize paljon hauskemmin? Taitaa olla kuivuri. Saima Harmaja on suomentanut Gottschallin runon "Ken nokkivi ikkunaa? Lupsa!", jonka on säveltänyt Kari Haapala. 

ellauri146.html on line 146: Gottschalls fortschrittliches Schaffen war zu seinen Lebzeiten geachtet, seine Dramen wurden gern gespielt. Seine Werke zeichneten sich vor allem durch unabhängige Urteilskraft, aber auch durch zeitbezogene Kritik aus, was mit dazu beigetragen hat, dass er nach seinem Tode schnell in Vergessenheit geriet. 

ellauri146.html on line 148: Gottschall was also a noted chess player. Obwohl er Funktionär des Schachsports und regelmäßiger Besucher der Augustea war, spielte er zeitlebens bei keinem einzigen Schachturnier. Viisasteli takapiruna kuin K. Koskenniemi.

ellauri146.html on line 150: RATTENGIFT. Der Teufel mag – (sich korrigierend, mit einer Verbeugung) Der Herr Teufel mögen mich holen, wenn mir nicht vor Staunen und Verwunderung der Atem stehenbleibt! Doch, reden Sie fort! Was machen die Dichter selber? Schiller, Shakspeare, Calderon, Dante, Ariost, Horaz, was tun, was treiben sie?

ellauri146.html on line 156: 	  TEUFEL. Genug! Ich habe nicht länger Zeit! – Wenn Sie meiner einstmals bedürfen sollten, so wissen Sie, daß ich in der Hölle wohne. Hier von dem Dorfe ist dieselbe etwas weit weg; wenn Sie aber extra schnell dahin gelangen wollen, so müssen Sie nach Berlin reisen und dort hinter die Königsmauer, oder nach Dresden und dort in die Fischer-, oder nach Leipzig und dort in die Preußer-Gasse, oder nach Paris und dort ins Palais Royal gehen; von allen diesen Orten ist der Tartarus nur fünf Minuten entlegen, und Sie werden noch dazu auf ausgezeichnet guten, vielfältig ausgebesserten Chausseen dahin reiten können. – Doch, es wird bald Abend! Schlafen Sie mittelmäßig! (Er will sich entfernen.)

ellauri146.html on line 166: MOLLFELS. Soll ich ihnen was vorschlagen? Dichten Sie künftig nichts als Trauerspiele! Wenn Sie denselben nur die gehörige Mittelmäßigkeit verleihen, so ist es unmöglich, daß Sie nicht den rauschendsten Applaus einernteten! Sie müssen insbesondere den Plan der Stücke hübsch winzig und flach gestalten, sonst möchte ihn nicht jeder kurzsichtige Schafskopf überblicken können, – Sie müssen dem Verstande und dem Forschungsgeiste der Leser nicht das geringste zumuten und wenn durch ein Unglück eine hervorstechende Szene mit unterlaufen sollte, sorgfältig hinterdrein bemerken, was sie abzwecke und in welcher Beziehung auf das Ganze sie zu nehmen sei, – Sie müssen beileibe alles hinlänglich weich kneten, denn das Weiche gefällt, und wenn es auch nur nasser Dreck wäre, – vorzüglich aber müssen Sie stets den Geschmack der Damen im Auge behalten, denn diese, welche noch niemals von einem wahren Dichter als berufene Richterinnen anerkannt sind, gelten jetzt im Reiche der Kunst als oberste Appellationsinstanz; ob man sie entweder wegen ihrer kränklichen Nerven oder wegen ihrer Geschicklichkeit im Scharpiezupfen dazu erwählt hat, ist eine unentschiedene Frage. Desto entschiedener ist es, Herr Rattengift, daß man Sie, wenn Sie Gewalt genug besitzen, um diese Regeln zu verachten, als einen blindlaufenden, verrückten, rohen Phantasten verschreit, der Schönheiten und Erbärmlichkeiten wild nebeneinanderkleckst. Ständen Homer oder Shakspeare erst jetzt mit ihren Werken auf, so wären Beurteilungen zu erwarten, in denen die Iliade ein unsinniges Gemengsel und der Lear ein bombastischer Saustall genannt würde; ja, manche Rezensenten gäben vielleicht dem Homer einen wohlgemeinten Fingerzeig, sich nach der Bezauberten Rose emporzubilden, oder geböten dem Shakspeare, fleißig in den Romanen der Helmina von Chezy oder der Fanny Tarnow zu studieren, um daraus Menschenkenntnis zu lernen.

ellauri146.html on line 338:   On Klopsun keximiä hahmoja. Sammaa ei löydy minun raamatustani. Joel ja Benoni nimet on kyllä hyvästä kirjasta. Rachel died in childbirth. As she was dying she named her son Ben-Oni [son of my grief], but his father Jakob called him Ben-Yamin [son of the right hand, viz. son of the southhand]. Genesis 35:18. Just call me Ben.

ellauri146.html on line 400: One of the outstanding features of the Romantic era in France was the re-evaluation of the feminine. It was widely assumed that man's capacity for rational thought and scientific achievement needed to be tempered by woman's capacity for sentiment. Indeed, the beneficial influence of woman's love and compassion was considered a necessary precondition to moral development, both for the individual and for all mankind. Woman thus had redemptive qualities (cash value). Perhaps the purest expression of this constellation of ideas is to be found in the utopian religious sects of the period and in the Romantic epic. Alfred de Vigny's Eloa (1824) may be read in this context. Eloa is the first of a series of angel women appearing in the Romantic epic. She is followed by Rachel in Edgar Quinet's Ahasvérus (1833), Sémida in Alexandre Soumet's La Divine Epopée (1840), Marie in Alphonse Constant's La Mère de Dieu (1844) and Liberté in Victor Hugo's La Fin de Satan (fragments written in 1854 and 1859, published posthumously in 1886). The mission of these quasi-divine female figures is to help put an end to evil.

ellauri146.html on line 404: We tend not to focus on this view of Eloa as a myth of the redeeming feminine for several reasons. First, the central portion of the poem is devoted to Satan's seduction of Eloa, an activity which, for most of us, is anything but celestial. Perhaps this explains Stendhal's sarcastic description of Eloa in the Courrier anglais of 1 December 1824: "Tex-Willer-larme, devenue ange femelle, et séduite par le diable lui-même" (the ex-tear, turned into a female angel, and seduced by the devil himself). Flottes and Bonnefoy insist that the very fine psychological analysis of the seduction makes us see human protagonists in an angelic decor, which weakens any metaphysical meaning Vigny might attach to his poem. Germain, who had the benefit of Hunt's masterly work, The Epic in Ninteenth Century France (1941), states flatly that the drama of Eloa is not metaphysical but moral. Bénichou, however, does remark in Le Sacre de l'écrivain 1750-1830 (1973) that the creation of Eloa corresponds to the theological promotion of the feminine as an agent of redemption prominent in the religious sects of the Romantic period. I am sure Satan was greatly consoled by Eloa, if that's any consolation.

ellauri146.html on line 634: Devil in The Belfry was a quiz on the Dutch born presidential candidate  Martin Van Buren,  koala looking founder of the Democratic Party and abolitionist.

ellauri146.html on line 636: The Lionizing piece is obviously a quiz on N. P. Willis, and is also a parody on a story by Bulwer. Willis went abroad in 1831, and sent home to the New-York Mirror a series of newsletters, known when collected in book form as Pencillings by the Way. He got into a duel, happily bloodless, with the novelist Captain Marryat. More important to him was the friendship of Lady Blessington. That once world-renowned widow wrote books and edited annuals, to one of which even Tennyson contributed. Now she is remembered chiefly for her salons in London. Believing that some ladies, disapproving of her supposed liaison with Count D’Orsay, would not come to her parties, she invited gentlemen only. Through her Willis met most of the English literati. 

ellauri146.html on line 640: Poe commented on the general meaning of his story several times. In one unsigned review of the number of the Southern Literary Messenger that contained it he said, “Lionizing ... is an admirable piece of burlesque which displays much reading, a lively humor, and an ability to afford amusement or instruction”; and in another puff of smoke he remarked, “It is an extravaganza ... and gives evidence of high powers of fancy and humor.”‡ To J. P. Kennedy he wrote on February 11, 1836 that it was a satire “properly speaking [page 172:] — at least so meant —... of the rage for Lions and the facility of becoming one.”

ellauri146.html on line 644: Edgar Allan Poe vigorously denounced the Jeffersonian ideal of democracy. He had no sympathy with abstract political notions such as those which had produced liberal republican theory in America and elsewhere. Like Edmund Burke, Poe was highly suspicious of the “well-constructed Republic.”

ellauri146.html on line 646: The opinion has been often stated that Edgar Allan Poe was bizarre and amoral; that he was a lover of morbid beauty only; that he was unrelated to worldly circumstances-aloof from the affairs of the world; that his epitaph might well be: “Out of space-out of time.”

ellauri146.html on line 648: But it is dangerous to attempt to separate any historical figure from his setting. No individual can ever be understood fully until the subtle influences of his formal education, his reading, his associates, and his time and country (with his heredity) are traced and synthesized. Too much has been said, perhaps, about Poe’s “detachment” from his environment and too little about his background—his heritage from Europe and the influences of his early life in Virginia. Elizabeth Arnold, Poe’s mother, was born in England in 1787 and was brought to this country when she was a girl of nine. “In speaking of my mother,” Poe wrote years later to Beverley Tucker of Virginia, “you have touched a string to which my heart fully responds.” Judging from his spirited defense of Elizabeth Poe, it appears that Poe never became unmindful of his immediate English origins on the maternal side.

ellauri146.html on line 650: Poe’s ancestry on his father’s side was Scotch-Irish and has been traced through County Cavon to Ayrshire, Scotland. The fact that Poe’s Presbyterian Scottish ancestors dwelled for a time in the north of Ireland has caused even so good a scholar as Arthur Hobson Quinn to engage in surprising speculation about an “Irish strain” in Poe and about a “Celtic” trait of perverseness which he had “discovered” in the Poe family.

ellauri146.html on line 654: Poe, unlike other great American writers of his time, spent a considerable portion of his childhood in Britain. In 1815, John Allan set out for England, accompanied by his wife, Frances Allan; his sister-in-law, “Aunt Nancy” Valentine; and his six-year-old foster son, Edgar Poe. For a time Edgar attended the small London school of Miss Dubourg (a name which subsequently was to appear in “The Murders in the Rue Morgue”) and later, for a period of three years from 1817 to 1820, was sent to a better school, the Manor House at Stoke Newington near London. Here Poe, in addition to being affected profoundly by the atmosphere of England, studied French, Latin, history and literature. The Manor House School, with its “Dr.” Bransby, Poe later was to transplant bodily to the semi-autobiographical tale “William Wilson” (1840).

ellauri146.html on line 658: Poe’s foster father, John Allan, was himself born and bred in Irvine, Ayrshire, and was a member of the class of English and Scottish merchants of Richmond, Virginia-to which city he had emigrated as a youth around 1795. Scottish merchants represented a very considerable element in the commercial life of Richmond in those years, and many of them, to a considerable extent, maintained themselves aloof from the life of the city. The Scottish influences of Allan and his associates and friends could not have been lost upon Poe.

ellauri146.html on line 660: The Richmond which Poe knew was (more than Philadelphia or New York) aristocratic and English. Virginia society, Poe himself noted, had been as “absolutely aristocratical as any in Europe.” This is not to imply the existence of any chasmal gulf separating the American and British minds, respectively, in the first half of the nineteenth century; but it was in Virginia, probably, that the least divergence was to be discerned.

ellauri146.html on line 664: When Poe was just seventeen, his name was entered in  the matriculation books of the new University of Virginia. This period of ten months, between St. Valentine’s Day and Christmas, 1826, which Poe spent at the University, marks the end of his formative youth. The general direction which his genius was to follow had been fairly established.

ellauri146.html on line 666: It may be that Poe was embittered by his forced withdrawal from the University. During his life he never returned there, and, though there are oblique references to Charlottesville in “A Tale of the Ragged Mountains” and in The Journal of Julius Rodman, no other allusions to the University are to be found in his written work.

ellauri146.html on line 668: The concern of the Pounder to advance republican ideals and republican politics among the students of the University was not notably effectual with one student at least: Poe was not receptive to Jeffersonian liberalism. But many of the impressions which Poe received at Charlottesville, both within and without the lecture rooms, must have remained with him. The young admirer of classic grandeur, we know, was impressed by the graceful Rotunda. About Poe at Virginia, Philip Alexander Bruce writes as follows:

ellauri146.html on line 670: Profound must have been the appeal to his subtle aesthetic sense even in youth as he looked at all those classic buildings on some night when the rays of a full moon had softened and blended the separate details of roof and entablature, cornice, and, pillar. It may well have been that, at such an hour and in such a spot, the most celebrated expression in the entire body of his writings was suggested to him by so extraordinary an interfusion of Nature’s beauty with the beauty of art in one of its loveliest forms.

ellauri146.html on line 674: The success of Poe in translation indicates his possession of a universal point of view. The recognition which he has received in France, Russia, Italy, Germany, Spain and Britain has no parallel among other American writers. Poe has become a world-author, and this fact depends very largely upon the universality of his appeal. “Poe is my spiritual and literary father,” asserted the Spaniard Vicente Blasco Ibanez. Baudelaire prayed to Poe as a literary saint. The Germans regard him as the foremost American writer. The Russians began translating him in the 1830s even before he was known in America.

ellauri146.html on line 676: Poe’s first great champion and biographer was the Englishman Ingram. So strong was Poe’s affinity with the life of Europe that legend has carried him there in spite of reality, and it is with some ineffectuality that his biographers explain that he at no time visited Ireland, Greece, France or Russia.

ellauri146.html on line 683:   All this, Poe added, is an “evil growing out of our republican institutions.” In “Some Words with a Mummy,” in “Mellonta Tauta” and in other tales, Poe vigorously denounced the Jeffersonian ideal of democracy. He had no sympathy with abstract political notions such as those which, after Locke, had produced liberal republican theory in America and elsewhere. Though lacking the scope and political understanding of Burke, Poe was, like Burke, highly suspicious of the “well-constructed Republic.”

ellauri146.html on line 686: started with the queerest idea conceivable, viz; that all men are born free and equal-this in the very teeth of the laws of gradation so visibly impressed upon all things both in the moral and physical universe. Every man “voted,” as they called it-that is to say, meddled with public affairs-until, at length, it was discovered that what is everybody’s business is nobody’s, and that the “Republic” (as the absurd thing was called) was without a government at all. It is related, however, that the first circumstance which disturbed, very particularly, the self-complacency of the philosophers who constructed this “Republic,” was the startling discovery that universal suffrage gave opportunity for fraudulent schemes….A little reflection upon this discovery sufficed to render evident the consequences, which were that rascality must predominate— in a word, that a republican government could never be anything but a rascally one. While the philosophers, however, were busied in blushing at their stupidity in not having  foreseen these inevitable evils, and intent upon the invention of new theories, the matter was put to an abrupt issue by a fellow of the name of Mob, who took everything into his own hands and set up a despotism…. As for republicanism, no analogy could be found for it upon the face of the earth—unless we except the case of the “prairie dogs,” an exception which seems to demonstrate, if anything, that democracy is a very admirable form of government—for dogs.

ellauri146.html on line 690: Indeed, Poe seems much more the Southerner than the Yankee American, and it is not hard to guess which path he would have chosen had he lived into the 1860’s. One may be very sure that Edgar Poe, though born, almost by accident, in Boston, would have proved one of the Confederacy’s most eloquent and committed partisans. In reviewing the various factors which we may believe shaped Poe’s youthful mind, we would expect to find in Poe, and in re-examining his opinions we do find, a cosmopolitan rather than a parochial outlook. And yet, at the same time, we know Poe was serious when he proclaimed, “I am a Virginian!” We may be justified in looking upon the general influences of his formative years as contributing factors in the development of strong inclinations to Europe, Britain and the American South, rather than to the American Union.   

ellauri146.html on line 715: It was my thirtieth year to heaven				Se oli mun 30. vuosi taivasmatkalla

ellauri146.html on line 785:        It was my thirtieth					Se oli mun 30.

ellauri146.html on line 801: It seems to me that however delicate and profound the relations Wardi draws, the cost is too high. Contrary to the "echo interpretation" Wardi suggests, I would argue for the poet's acknowledgment of the arrow of time, which leaves both childhood (even if it was not exhausted when he was a child), and the imaginative reunion with it now at 30, lost and unreachable.   

ellauri146.html on line 810: It was my hint to speak,--such was the process;

ellauri146.html on line 856:   Politically Incorrect was founded in 2004, soon after the re-election of George W. Bush, by a German teacher named Stefan Herre "to do something against Anti-Americanism". Das Blog betont in seiner Selbstdarstellung eine „pro-israelische“ und „pro-amerikanische“ Ausrichtung. Im wiedervereinigten Deutschland zeigten sich in der Haltung gegenüber Flüchtlingen zum Teil zeitgeschichtlich bedingte Besonderheiten, die darauf zurückzuführen seien, dass die Westdeutschen sich über Jahrzehnte hätten daran gewöhnen können, zum Einwanderungsland zu werden, während die Ostdeutschen bis 1990 kaum in Kontakt mit Zuwanderern gekommen seien.

ellauri146.html on line 866:   In February 2022, in connection with a presidential address of Russian president Vladimir Putin in the midst of the Russo-Ukrainian crisis, Putin claimed that Ukraine's decommunization does not make any sense because "modern Ukraine was created by communist Russia, and specifically Lenin". Vitaly Chervonenko from the BBC noted how carefully Putin kept silent about the independent Ukrainian state formations of 1917–1920 and Kyiv's (i.e. the white generals´) war with Lenin's Bolshevik government, whose purpose was to exclude Ukraine from Bolshevik Russia.

ellauri146.html on line 868:   In March 2014 Lenin Square in Dnipropetrovsk was renamed "Heroes of Maidan Square" in honor of the people killed during Euromaidan and the statue of Lenin was removed. Two years later, in May 2016, the city was renamed Dnipro. In February 2019, it was announced that the oblast of Dnipropetrovsk would be renamed to "Sicheslav" in the future.

ellauri147.html on line 75:     Ale Tyynni was a poet, author, literary and theatre critic, translator and Olympian. Tyynni won the gold medal in the literature category at the 1948 Olympic Games in London. In addition to her poetry collections, she published children’s fiction and essays. With her translations she acquainted a Finnish readership with lyrics from other countries, most notably France. 

ellauri147.html on line 79:       Ale Tyynni was born in Ingria to the east of Finland and moved as a child with her family to Helsinki in 1919. She graduated with a Master’s degree in 1936, with Finnish literature as her main subject. During her university years Tyynni practised poetry recitation and dramatic expression. She was particularly interested in poetic diction and the topic of her final work was Sappho’s metre in Finnish poetry.

ellauri147.html on line 83: Having completed her university studies, Tyynni took up the teaching of Finnish in evening classes, but the urge to write proved stronger than the duty to teach. Her first poetry collection, Kynttilänsydän (‘Candlewick’), was published in 1938. Two years later she published a second collection Vesilintu (‘waterfowl’). With the outbreak of war, her poetry changed: Lähde ja matkamies (’The spring and the traveller’), Lehtimaja (‘The arbour’) and Soiva metsä (‘The ringing forest’) all reflected the defensive spirit of the country. Tyynni also depicted womanhood, the experiences of women in childbirth and motherhood. Later feminist research in particular has praised Tyynni as a pioneer for her lyrics dealing with childbirth.

ellauri147.html on line 92: In 1949 Tyynni’s sixth poetry collection was published – ‘Ylitse vuoren lasisen’ (‘Over the glass mountain), which included one of her best loved poems ‘Kaarisilta’ (‘The arched bridge’). The poems make reference to the difficulties she faced in her own life circumstances.

ellauri147.html on line 94: As luck would have it, Martti Haavio’s wife Elsa Enäjärvi-Haavio died in 1951 following a serious illness. Ale Tyynni went through a difficult divorce from her first husband, and finally in 1960 both Tyynni and Haavio were in a position to remarry. He was 61 and she 47. No codons were necessary anymore, just vaseline. 

ellauri147.html on line 96: The union of these two lyrical writers is generally seen as a happy and creative time. The partners inspired each other as a couple and as writers. Martti Haavio died in 1973 following a heart attack, and Ale Tyynni-Haavio completed her husband’s unfinished memoirs and it was published as Olen typerä kana: Martti Haavio - P. Mustapää 20-luvun maisemassa (‘I am still distant: Martti Haavio – P. Mustapää in the 1920s countryside’, 1978).

ellauri147.html on line 107:   Tyynni received several literary awards between 1943 and 1982. Morever, she won the gold medal in 1948 for her poem ‘Hellaan laakeri’ (‘Let's put a bearing into the stove') at a time when literary composition was still a part of the non-professional Olympic games. A Pro Finlandia medal holder, Academician of the Arts and Honorary doctor, Aake Tyynni died in 1997 at the age of 84. Her daughter Riitta Seppälä and son Mikko-Olavi Seppälä have written their mother’s biography, Aake Tyynni – Hymyily, kyynel, laulu. (‘Aake Tyynni. A smile, a tear, a song’, WSOY, 2013)

ellauri147.html on line 145: I have found strength where one does not look for it: in simple, mild, and pleasant people, without the least desire to rule—and, conversely, the desire to rule has often appeared to me a sign of inward weakness: they fear their own slave soul and shroud it in a royal cloak (in the end, they still become the slaves of their followers, their fame, etc.) The powerful natures dominate, it is a necessity, they need not lift one finger. Even if, during their lifetime, they bury themselves in a garden house! Like my sister Elizabeth för instance! Now there is a Willenmensch if ever there was one! I hardly dare to sneak to the loo for a jerk from our Gartenhaus. 

ellauri147.html on line 150: Some interpreters also upheld a biological interpretation of the Wille zur Macht, making it equivalent with  Darwinism. For example, the concept was appropriated by some Nazis such as Alfred Bäumler, who may have drawn influence from it or used it to justify their expansive quest for power. 

ellauri147.html on line 152: This reading was criticized by Martin Heidegger in his 1930s courses on Nietzsche—suggesting that raw (or cooked?) physical or political power was not what Nietzsche had in mind.  No wonder Hitler had a low notion of Martin.

ellauri147.html on line 169: Adler's adaptation of the will to power was and still is in contrast to Sigismund Freud's pleasure principle or the "will to pleasure", and to Viktor Frankl's logotherapy or the "will to meaning". Adler's intent was to build a movement that would rival, even supplant, others in psychology by arguing for the holistic integrity of psychological well-being with that of social equality. His interpretation of Nietzsche's will to power was concerned with the individual patient's overcoming of the superiority-inferiority dynamic.

ellauri147.html on line 201:   On September 5, 2018, it was announced that Paramount Network had given the production a series order for a first season consisting of 10 episodes. The series was created by Barren Star, who has a multimillion overall deal with ViacomCBS and develops for ViacomCBS and for outsider buyers via MTV Entertainment Studios. Star was also expected to serve as an executive producer alongside Tony Hernandez. Production companies involved with the series were slated to consist of Jax Media. On July 13, 2020, it was reported that the series would move from Paramount Network to Netflix. On November 11, 2020, Netflix renewed the series for a second season.

ellauri147.html on line 203: Emily's boss Madeline prepares to make the transition from the Chicago based pharmaceutical marketing firm, the Gilbert Group, to a French based fashion firm, Savior, when she discovers that she is pregnant. She offers the job to Emily and she accepts, leaving her boyfriend back in Chicago. Emily moves to Paris despite the fact that she does not speak French. She moves into the 5th floor of an old apartment building without an elevator but with a wonderful Parisian view. Emily creates an Instagram account, @emilyinparis, and begins documenting her time in Paris. Emily starts her first day of work much to her new co-workers chagrin who reveal that she was only hired because of a business deal. She introduces the French to American social media strategies who seem very reluctant about her and her American methods. Emily accidentally tries to enter the wrong apartment and bangs her very attractive neighbor right at the door, Gabriel. As Emily accustoms to life in Paris she makes countless faux-pas and the firm nicknames her "la plouc" or "the hick". Emily meets Mindy Chen, a nanny originally from Shanghai, and they become fast friends. After Emily and her boyfriend attempt to have cybersex but the connection fails, she plugs in her vibrator and accidentally short-circuits the block's power. "Accidentally" is the top frequency word in the script. 

ellauri147.html on line 214: When Emily discovers Sylvie and Antoine arguing at work she tries to boost Sylvie's credibility at work by pretending that she came up with an idea to pair Antoine's perfumes with luxury hotels. Though of course it was Emily's idea all along.

ellauri147.html on line 226:  by the pool where she is joined by Timothée. They drink champagne and accidentally have sex. At breakfast, she learns that Timothée is not the brother Camille was referring to, instead, it was her younger, 17-year-old brother. Emily meets Théo, Camille´s older and more age appropriate brother and has sex with him. It is not half as good.

ellauri147.html on line 238:   On April 3, 2019, Lily Collins was cast in the titular role. On August 13, 2019, Ashley Park had joined the main cast. On September 19, 2019, Philippine Leroy-Beaulieu, Lucas Bravo, Samuel Arnold, Camille Razat, and Bruno Gouery joined cast in starring roles, while Kate Walsh, William Abadie, and Arnaud Viard were cast in recurring roles. On May 24, 2021, Lucien Laviscount was cast in recurring role, while Abadie was promoted to series regular for the second season.

ellauri147.html on line 240: Many scenes are filmed in Paris, Texas, at Place de l´Estrapade in the 5th Arrondissement, including the site of Emily´s first apartment, the restaurant ("Les Deux Compères"), and the bakery ("La Boulangerie Moderne"). Some scenes are also filmed at Cité du Cinéma, a famous film studio complex in Denver. Famous Parisian sites to feature in the series as digitally prepared  miniatures include: Le Grand Véfour, the Pont Alexandre III, Palais Garnier, L´Atelier des Lumières, Rue de l´Abreuvoir, Jardin du Luxembourg, Jardin Du Palais Royale, Café de Flore and the Panthéon. An episode was also filmed at the Château de Sonnay in the department of Indre-et-Loire. Additional photography took place in Chicago during November 2019.

ellauri147.html on line 247: Daniel D´Addario of Variety described the series as "a Turkish delight that begs the question of what it really means to grow up against a truly inviting backdrop", and that Mr. Collins is "an inherently winsome performer who has never been quite as well and often abused as she is here". Kristen Baldwin of Entertainment Weekly gave the series a "B" and wrote, "If you need a five-hour brain vacation, Paris is a worthwhile destination." The New Zealand Herald considered the show "visually delectable" and that "Mr. Collins has a pixie-ish charm which makes her endearing", but also that the show is "as ephemeral as dental floss". However, Kristen Lopez of IndieWire wrote a review Metacritic graded as a 23 out of a 100, praising Mr. Collins for being a "Jewess, make no mistake" and that "Emily in Paris is only as watchable and frivolous as our first lady," but warning viewers "Emily in Paris is like scrolling through Instagram. It´s a great way to waste time looking at pretty pictures with no depth."

ellauri147.html on line 253: Sonia Rao, of Washington Post compares Emily to the heroines of the Amy Sherman-The show received two nominations at the Golden Globe Awards, but prior to the ceremony it was reported that 30 members of the voting body had been flown to Paris, where they spent two nights at The Peninsula Paris and were treated to a private lunch at the Musée des Arts Forains, with the bill reportedly paid by the show´s developer, Paramount Network. This led some critics to question the impartiality of the voting body, as Emily in Paris is considered to have been a critical flop, and even its nomination was a surprise. In contrast, critically-acclaimed shows, notably I May Destroy You, were not nominated. Midge Maisel, her actions can be quite rash, but she still wins over her fictional acquaintances while utterly baffling viewers."

ellauri147.html on line 261: Megan Garber of The Atlantic was critical of the character Emily, writing, "An expat who acts like a tourist, she judges everything against the backdrop of her own rigid Americanness. You might figure that those moments are evidence of a show poking fun at its protagonist´s arrogance, or setting the stage for her to grow beyond her initial provincialism. But: You would be, as I was, mostly incorrect. Instead, other people change around her, becoming French-American. They grudgingly concede that her way (strident, striving, teeming with insistent individualism) is the right way. The show — the latest from the Sex and the City creator Darren Star — is selling several fantasies. Primary among them is the notion that Emily can bulldoze her way through France and be celebrated for it.

ellauri147.html on line 270: The show received two nominations at the Golden Globe Awards, but prior to the ceremony it was reported that 30 members of the voting body had been flown to Paris, where they spent two nights at The Peninsula Paris and were treated to a private lunch at the Musée des Arts Forains, with the bill reportedly paid by the show´s developer, Paramount Network. This led some critics to question the impartiality of the voting body, as Emily in Paris is considered to have been a critical flop, and its nomination was a surprise. In contrast, critically-acclaimed shows, notably I May Destroy You, were not nominated.

ellauri147.html on line 284: Andrea Bertorelli’s tumultuous relationship with Phil Collins began back when they were just 11 years old. Long before he became a rock star, Collins was a child actor, starring in Oliver!, the West End musical.

ellauri147.html on line 289: In 1970, Phil Collins got his big break when he became the drummer of iconic rock band, Genesis. It turns out though that his first encounter with Peter Gabriel was pretty awkward. Despite this, their passion for music brought them together and before they knew it, they became one of the most popular bands around.

ellauri147.html on line 295: Collins got so big that he was given the nickname “the royal rocker” after becoming friends with Prince Charles and Princess Diana. His career started to eclipse his marriage…

ellauri147.html on line 303: There were signs that maybe it wasn’t as special, or wonderful, as it used to be,” Collins told his biographer.

ellauri147.html on line 304: Lily Jane Collins was born on 18 March 1989 in Guildford, Surrey, the daughter of English musician Phil Collins and his second wife, Jill Tavelman, an American who is the former president of the Beverly Hills Women´s Club. Her maternal grandfather was a Canadian Jewish immigrant who for many years owned a men´s clothing store in Beverly Hills, California. 

ellauri147.html on line 325: Orianne was not the only person he had an affair with. In 1992 he had an affair with Lavinia Lang. They met when he was performing in L.A. 

ellauri147.html on line 330: They were so serious about their relationship that they even decided to leave their partners. However, Lavinia backed off from the decision  because Phil´s  FAX wasn´t working, and för fear of not being able to fax her kids. Hence, this saved the marriage of both of them. 

ellauri147.html on line 335: 

ellauri147.html on line 337: Later it was found that Phil did not ask for divorce through a FAX. 

ellauri147.html on line 338: He was disheartened by the news that people believed FAX to be the source through which he asked for a divorce. 

ellauri147.html on line 339: He later on, he cleared out that it was not the truth. It harmed both his career and public persona. 

ellauri147.html on line 340: "It really hurt my career, or my public persona," he said. “It was based on an untruth…If I say it didn’t happen, I’m trusting that people will believe me.”

ellauri147.html on line 350: Although he was anxious about introducing Orianne to his daughter, all was well after Collins told six-year-old Lily that Orianne looked just like Princess Jasmine from Disney’s Aladdin. The couple tied the knot in 1999, but it also didn’t stand the test of time…

ellauri147.html on line 351: In 2008, Phil Collins and Orianne Cevey finalized their divorce, with Collins paying a staggering figure – the equivalent of about $32 million. At the time, this was the largest settlement in British celebrity history.

ellauri147.html on line 356: “I couldn’t handle the pain and confusion surrounding my dad’s divorce and I was having a hard time balancing being a teenager with pursuing two grown-up careers,” Phil’s daughter Lily said. (Which ones?) Funnily enough, this wouldn’t be the end of Collins and Cevey’s story together. Until then though, the musician had some issues to deal with…

ellauri147.html on line 375: Collins believes in the institution of marriage and desperately wants to have one that lasts. He went back to bloaty Oriane on Miami only to find she was married to another guy. And she never paid back the 30M she owed him. 

ellauri147.html on line 412: Lily made her first T.V. appearance at the age of 2 years old. She was seen in a British series called Menstrual Pains. 

ellauri147.html on line 418: In her memoir Unfiltered: No Shame, No Regrets, Just Me, Lily Collins addressed father Phil’s history with infidelity, claiming that “we can’t rewrite the past. I tried, it just won´t work.” According to her, she was angry and sad at the pain her dad brought to the family.

ellauri147.html on line 434: Lily’s maternal grandfather owned a famous clothing store in Los Angeles. He was a Canadian Jewish immigrant.

ellauri147.html on line 436: After Lily’s parent’s divorce, she relocated to the US, when she was five years old, with her mother.

ellauri147.html on line 440: In 2012, she was placed at number 4 in People’s Most Beautiful List.

ellauri147.html on line 450: In 2013, she was ranked as the “Most Dangerous Celebrity to Search For Online” by McAfee as the search results led to risky websites (containing malware, adware, spyware, or other viruses).

ellauri147.html on line 452: She was originally cast for the movie Evil Dead in 2013. But, due to their religious conflicts, the role went onto Jane Levy, joka ei ole kristitty luopuri.

ellauri147.html on line 531: Nebukadnesarin etymologia: From the Babylonian phrase Nabu-kudurri-usur. The first part is the same as Nebo, the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing. Nebuchadnezzar II´s name in Akkadian was Nabû-kudurri-uṣur, meaning "Nabu, watch over my heir". The name was often interpreted in earlier scholarship as "Nabu, protect the boundary", given that the word kudurru can also mean ´boundary' or 'line'.

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ellauri147.html on line 666:     Diese beiden Konzeptionen des primären Narzissmus als Varianten eines ontogenetischen Ausgangszustands werden von Freud – unausgesprochen und zum Teil miteinander verschachtelt – nebeneinander verwendet, ohne dass er sich mit ihrer Widersprüchlichkeit explizit auseinandersetzt. Die unaufgelöste Ambivalenz in dieser Frage zeigt sich etwa beim entwicklungspsychologischen Durcheinander im zeitlichen Verhältnis von Autismus, Narzissmus und Objektbeziehung – was war zuerst? Eigentlich handelt es sich um eine zirkuläre Konstruktion, bei der eines aus dem anderen hervorgeht. Und es setzt sich bei der Bestimmung der Entwicklungsformen des Narzissmus fort. Ich will das nur an widersprüchlichen Auffasssungen anreisse, die Freud zum „Erbe“ des primären Narzissmus in der seelischen Struktur entwickelt, das bekanntlich aus dem Selbstgefühl, dem sekundären Narzissmus, dem Ich-Ideal und einigen anderen Resten besteht:-->

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ellauri147.html on line 680:   

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ellauri147.html on line 692:     Aber wir behaupten zugleich auch die Unabhängigkeit von der Welt und schützen uns vor der schmerzhaften Erfahrung von Abhängigkeit, der wir im Wunsch nach Anerkennung doch unbewusst Tribut zollen. Ich vermute, dass wir im Narzissmus etwas davon ausdrücken, was den paradoxen Kern von Identität ausmacht: nämlich einzigartig und unverwechselbar zu sein, sich also vom Anderen zu unterscheiden, und gerade in dieser Eigenschaft von den Anderen anerkannt zu werden. Im Narzissmus zeigt sich gewissermassen, ohne dass wir es wissen, etwas von der intersubjektiven Verfasstheit des Selbst, oder von Identität. Weil eine solche Erkenntnis uns kränken würde, wollen wir davon auch nichts wissen, genauso wie der Säugling von seiner Abhängigkeit nichts wissen kann. Nicht einmal in unserem Narzissmus sind wir jenes unabhängige Wesen, dass wir so gerne sein möchten.-->

ellauri147.html on line 698: Als Praktiker halten wir uns an die klinische Theorie. Wir haben es mit Patienten zu tun, die mit seelischen Erkrankungen zu uns kommen. Am Narzissmus interessiert uns die narzisstische Störung. Und wir verbinden damit die Hoffnung, dass hier wenigstens ein Feld der präzisen und validen Begriffsverwendung vorläge. Da wissen wir schliesslich, um was es geht. Aber wissen wir das? -->

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ellauri147.html on line 826:   Als Resultat gelungener Anerkennungsprozesse beschreibt Honneth ein reflexives Selbstverhältnis, das die Spuren seiner intersubjektive Herkunft trägt.(16) Diese in der Objektbeziehung sich spiegelnde „positive Selbstbeziehung“ sei „als eine Art von nach innen gerichtetes Vertrauen zu verstehen, das dem Individuum Sicherheit sowohl in seiner Bedürfnisartikulation als auch in der Anwendung seiner Fähigkeiten schenkt“(17). Es ist eine Umschreibung dessen, was wir heute gesunden Narzissmus nennen würden – oder eben das Grundgefühl einer sicheren intersubjektiv erworbenen Identität.

ellauri147.html on line 842:   Es spricht einiges dafür, dass wir für die Erforschung und Behandlung der vorherrschenden Identitätsstörungen im „Zeitalters des Narzissmus“ (Lasch 1995), das in der Endphase des letzten Jahrhunderts ausgerufen worden ist, ein intersubjektives Paradigma brauchen. Dazu nötigt uns schon der Zeitgeist. Die nach innen gerichtete Selbstvergewisserung des 'cogito, ergo sum', cartesianisches Vorbild der Introspektion, wird in einer medialen Welt durch den identitätsstiftenden Blick auf das Publikum abgelöst, der uns in den Talk-shows und den theatralen Inszenierungen von Politik vorgeführt wird: 'videor, ergo sum'. Big Brother ist ein Labor zur Herstellung postmoderner Identität. Die Sehnsucht nach der Spiegelung in der allgegenwärtigen Kamera zeigt uns etwas vom intersubjektiven Charakter der conditio humana. Wer wir sind, erfahren wir in den Rückmeldungen der Umwelt.

ellauri147.html on line 855:   Hot or Not, currently rebranded as Chat & Date, is a rating site that allowed users to rate the attractiveness of photos submitted voluntarily by others. The site offered a matchmaking engine called 'Meet Me' and an extended profile feature called "Hotlists". The domain hotornot.com is currently owned by Hot Or Not Limited, and was previously owned by Avid Life Media. 'Hot or Not' was a significant influence on the people who went on to create the social media sites Facebook and YouTube.

ellauri147.html on line 857:   Hot or Not was preceded by the rating sites, like RateMyFace, which was registered a year earlier in the summer of 1999, and AmIHot.com, which was registered in January 2000 by MIT freshman Daniel Roy. Regardless, despite any head starts of its predecessors, Hot or Not quickly became the most popular. Since AmIHotOrNot.com's launch, the concept has spawned many imitators. The concept always remained the same, but the subject matter varied greatly. The concept has also been integrated with a wide variety of dating and matchmaking systems. In 2007 BecauseImHot.com launched and deleted anyone with a rating below 7 after a voting audit or the first 50 votes (whichever is first).

ellauri147.html on line 860: faces to find out the current standard of good looks on the Internet. On the Hot or Not web site, people rate others' attractiveness on a scale of 1 to 10. An average score based on hundreds or even thousands of individual ratings takes only a few days to emerge. To make this hot or not palette of morphed images, photos from the site were sorted by rank and used SquirlzMorph to create multi-morph composites from them. Unlike projects like Face of Tomorrow, where the subjects are posed for the purpose, the portraits are blurry because the source images are of low resolution with differences in variables such as posture, hair styles and glasses, so that in this instance images could use only 36 control points for the morphs. A similar study was done with Miss Universe contestants, as shown in the averageness article, as well as one for age, as shown in the youthfulness article.

ellauri147.html on line 866:   The effect was first described in 1878 by Francis Galton. He had devised a technique called composite photography, which he believed could be used to identify 'types' by appearance, which he hoped would aid medical diagnosis, and even criminology through the identification of typical criminal faces. Galton's hypothesis was that certain groups of people may have common facial characteristics. To test the hypothesis, he created photographic composite images of the faces of vegetarians and criminals to see if there was a typical facial appearance for each. Galton overlaid multiple images of faces onto a single photographic plate so that each individual face contributed roughly equally to a final composite face. The resultant "averaged" faces did little to allow the a priori identification of either criminals or vegetarians, failing Galton's hypothesis. However, unexpectedly Galton observed that the composite image was more attractive than the component faces. Galton published this finding in 1878, and also described his composite photography technique in detail in Inquiries in Human Faculty and its Development. He subsequently sold the invention to an early erotic photography firm. 

ellauri150.html on line 257: Colette Stevens is in one word- incredible! She went above and beyond during our home purchasing process, and well beyond! She was by our side every step of… the way, making sure that we knew exactly where we were in the process, along with what the next steps would be. She was constantly in communication with us and made us feel at ease.

ellauri150.html on line 436: However, the plotline of Rostand's play, Cyrano de Bergerac, involving Roxane and Christian is entirely fictional. Cyrano was a pupil of French polymath Pierre Gassendi, a loose cannon of the Catholic Church who tried to reconcile Epicurean atomism with Christianity. 

ellauri150.html on line 459:       The Polish writer Henryk Sienkiewicz wrote the novel Quo Vadis: A Narrative of the Time of Nero (1895–96, a tremendous hit in fin de siecle Paris) which in turn has been made into motion pictures several times, including a 1951 version that was nominated for eight Academy Awards. Vittu vaan 8, Ben veti mahtavammat 11, samoinkuin vielä järisyttävämmät suurteoxet Titanic ja Bored of the Rings. For this and other films novels, Sienkiewicz received the 1905 Nobel Prize for Literature.

ellauri150.html on line 461:       Ben-Hurista ei meinannut ensin löytyä kuin filmikäsikirjoitus. Synopsis: Judah Ben-Hur lives as a rich Jewish merchant prince in Jerusalem at the beginning of the 1st century. Together with the new governor Pontius Pilate, his old friend Messiah arrives as commanding officer of the Roman legions. At first they are happy to meet after a long time but their different politic views separate them. During the welcome parade a roof tile falls down from Judah's house and injures the governor. Although Messiah knows they are not guilty as such, he sends Judah to the galleys and throws his mother and sister into prison. What the fuck, their house was a menace! Good old Hammurabi would have had their heads off. But Judah swears to come back and take revenge. Genre: Adventure, Drama, History.

ellauri150.html on line 465: During a naval battle against Greek rebels in the Ionian Sea, Ben-Hur´s galley is boarded but collides with another ship and is destroyed as Ben-Hur manages to cling to a floating mast. He is washed ashore and is found by Sheik Ilderim, who recognizes him as an escaped slave.

ellauri150.html on line 471: Karl Tunberg (March 11, 1907 − April 3, 1992) was an American screenwriter and occasional film producer. His screenplays for Tall, Dark and Handsome (1941) and Ben-Hur (1959) were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and Best Adapted Screenplay, respectively. more… 

ellauri150.html on line 476: The film's final onscreen writing credits created controversy when, in October 1959, the Writers Guild of America (WGA) awarded Tunberg sole screenplay credit, despite the objections of the film's director, William Wyler, who, in the film's commemorative booklet and elsewhere, claimed that Christopher Fry was more responsible than any other writer for the final screenplay. In response to Wyler's public outcries against their ruling, the WGA took out trade paper ads on November 20, 1959 in which they issued a statement reading, in part, "the unanimous decision of the three judges was that the sole screenplay credit was awarded to Karl Tunberg...The record shows the following: 1. Karl Tunberg is the only writer who has ever written a complete screenplay on Ben-Hur; 2. Karl Tunberg continued to contribute materials throughout the actual filming, and this material is incorporated in the final picture; and 3. Karl Tunberg alone did the necessary rewriting during the four months of retakes and added scenes. Mr. Christopher Fry himself was fully informed of the proceedings of the Guild. He has made it absolutely clear that he did not want to protest the decision of the Guild." 

ellauri150.html on line 478: Arthur Hammond Harris aka Christopher Fry (18 December 1907 – 30 June 2005) was an English poet and playwright. He is best known for his verse dramas, especially The Lady's Not for Burning, which made him a major force in theatre in the 1940s and 1950s. Fry was born as Arthur Hammond Harris in Bristol, the son of Charles John Harris, a master builder who retired early to work full-time as a licensed Lay Reader in the Church of England, and his wife Emma Marguerite Fry Hammond Harris. While still young, he took his mother's maiden name because, on very tenuous grounds, he believed her to be related to the 19th-century Quaker prison reformer Elizabeth Fry. He adopted Elizabeth Fry's faith, and became a Quaker and a gay. In the 1920s, he met the writer Robert Gittings, who became a lifelong friend. Maybe William Wyler was another yet longer friend. Gore Vidal most certainly another.

ellauri150.html on line 480:       Eugene Luther Gore Vidal (/vɪˈdɑːl/; born Eugene Louis Vidal, October 3, 1925 – July 31, 2012) was an American writer and public intellectual known for his epigrammatic wit, erudition, and patrician manner. Vidal was bisexual, and in his novels and essays interrogated the social and cultural sexual norms he perceived as driving American life. Beyond literature, Vidal was heavily involved in politics. He twice sought office—unsuccessfully—as a Democratic Party candidate, first in 1960 to the United States House of Representatives (for New York), and later in 1982 to the U.S. Senate (for California). His third novel, The City and the Pillar (1948), offended the literary, political, and moral sensibilities of conservative book reviewers, the plot being about a dispassionately presented male homosexual relationship.

ellauri150.html on line 482: Over the 57 years that have followed, a few things have contributed to granting the film untouchable status, the foremost being the fact that it won 11 Academy Awards, still the most Oscars any film has ever won. (That total was later matched by Titanic and Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.) But while the Oscars, the prestige, and the fact that the plot of the film deals directly (if obliquely) with the life and death of Jesus Christ, all contribute to a certain image of Ben-Hur, there have always been alternate views of the film. One of the most famous came from the mouth of one of its own screenwriters.      

ellauri150.html on line 484: Based on an 1880 novel, Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ, the film was directed by Hollywood great William Wyler, and screenwriter Gore Vidal was one of many who took a pass at the screenplay. In The Celluloid Closet, Vidal states in no uncertain terms that he scripted the film as a confrontation between ex-lovers Ben-Hur (Charlton Heston) and Messala (Stephen Boyd). Further, Vidal claims that, after consultation with Wyler and Boyd (but not Heston, who would have objected), he wrote one particular scene, where the estranged Ben-Hur and Messala meet again, with heavy gay subtext.

ellauri150.html on line 490: Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ is a novel by Lew Wallace, published by Harper and Brothers on November 12, 1880, and considered "the most influential Christian book of the nineteenth century". It became a best-selling American novel, surpassing Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852) in sales. The book also inspired other novels with biblical settings and was adapted for the stage and motion picture productions. Ben-Hur remained at the top of the US all-time bestseller list until the 1936 publication of Margaret Mitchell's Gone with the Wind. The 1959 MGM film adaptation of Ben-Hur is considered one of the greatest films ever made and was seen by tens of millions, going on to win a record 11 Academy Awards in 1960, after which the book's sales increased and it surpassed Gone with the Wind. It was blessed by Pope Leo XIII, the first novel ever to receive such an honour. The success of the novel and its stage and film adaptations also helped it to become a popular cultural icon that was used to promote catholicism plus numerous commercial products.

ellauri150.html on line 510: When the party—Balthasar, Simonides, Ben-Hur, Esther, and the two faithful Galileans—reached the place of crucifixion, Ben-Hur was in advance leading them.

ellauri150.html on line 514:  In such condition a little child could have done as much as he to prevent the awful crime he was about to witness. The intentions of God are always strange to us; but not more so than the means by which they are wrought out, and at last made plain to our belief.

ellauri150.html on line 516: The knoll was the old Aramaic Golgotha—in Latin, Calvaria; anglicized, Calvary; translated, The Skull.

ellauri150.html on line 522: In a certain sense, after all, the mission of the Nazarene was that of guide across the boundary for such as loved him; across the boundary to where his kingdom was set up and waiting for him, and them as were worth it.

ellauri150.html on line 531: Up on the summit meantime the work went on. The guard took the Nazarene's clothes from him; so that he stood before the millions naked. Now that was bad.

ellauri150.html on line 537: Esther bat Simonides was a Judean freedwoman and the wife of Prince Judah Ben-Hur during the 1st century AD. She played a major role in her husband's conversion to Christianity after teaching him of Jesus' message, having personally witnessed his Sermon on the Mount.

ellauri150.html on line 539: Esther "Bat" Simonides was born in Jerusalem, Judea, the daughter of the Hellenized Jewish slave Simonides. She was raised in the household of Prince Ithamar Ben-Hur, and she loved Judah Ben-Hur as a child. By 26 AD, she had grown into a woman, and, while she still loved Judah, she was betrothed to the freedman and merchant David ben Matthias from Antioch. That same year, Judah and his family were imprisoned after being wrongfully imprisoned for an alleged assassination attempt on Valerius Gratus, and Simonides was arrested and tortured on the orders of the Roman tribune Messala. Simonides was arrested when the Romans were certain that he was not hiding anything, and he and Esther lived in hiding at the Ben-Hur family's derelict and looted estate, where they were joined by Simonides' fellow former prisoner Malluch.

ellauri150.html on line 541: In 30 AD, Judah returned from being a galley slave, and Esther told him that she was no longer betrothed, causing the two to fall in love again. When Judah's mother Miriam and sister Tirzah were sent to the Valley of Lepers by their jailers, Esther brought them food, and, when Judah asked about his family's fate, Esther was told by Miriam to inform him that they were dead, as Miriam did not want her son to see them in agony. When a dying Messala told Judah of his family's real fates, Judah headed to the Valley and angrily confronted Esther, who forced him to hide from his family rather than violate their wishes. On the way out of the Valley, Esther stopped to listen to Jesus' Sermon on the Mount, and she became a convinced Christian; she had an argument with Judah about his lust for vengeance and his lack of interest in Jesus' message of peace and love. However, when the two found that Tirzah was dying, they brought Miriam and Tirzah to Jerusalem to search for Jesus and hope for a cure. They were too late to reach him before he was crucified, but a sudden rainstorm miraculously healed the lepers' wounds and cured them. Ben-Hur, who was now convinced of Jesus' message, embraced Esther and his family, having decided to give up his quest for revenge.

ellauri150.html on line 549: The faithful servant had at last his fitting reward. His broken body might never be restored; nor was there riddance of the recollection of his sufferings, or recall of the years embittered by them; but suddenly a new life was shown him, with assurance that it was for him—a new life lying just beyond this one—and its name was Paradise.  There he would find the Kingdom of which he had been dreaming, and the King. A perfect peace fell upon him. Lokki parka. Poor albatross. Ammuin nuolen ilmoihin ja albatrossia haavoitin.

ellauri150.html on line 551: Where got the man his confidence except from Truth?  Only three hours upon the cross, and he was dying? Eeli Eeli laama sabakhtani? Too late, too late! "It is finished! It is finished!" O reader, the man died! Reader, I married him! Ben-Hur went back to his friends, saying, simply, "It is over; he is dead."

ellauri150.html on line 553: When the sunlight broke upon the crucifixion, the mother of the Nazarene, the disciple, and the faithful women of Galilee, the centurion and his soldiers, and Ben-Hur and his party, were all who remained upon the hill. Balthasar was funnily prostrate and still. The good man was dead! The 3 Christmas Elves excellently illustrated the three virtues in combination—Faith, Love, and Good Works. (Or should it be Hope? Works are good för nothing.)

ellauri150.html on line 558: Back in Rome, Esther wore the garments of a Jewish matron. Tirzah and two children at play upon a lion’s skin on the floor were her playmates; and it was fun to observe how carefully Ben watched them to make sure that the little ones were his.

ellauri150.html on line 560: Time had treated her generously. She was more than  ever beautiful, and in becoming mistress of the posh villa she had realized one of her cherished dreams.

ellauri150.html on line 563: The two gazed at each other. We know what Esther presented—a beautiful woman, a happy mother, a contented wife. On the other side, it was very plain that fortune had not dealt so gently with her former rival. The tall figure remained with some of its grace; but an evil life had tainted the whole person. The face was coarse; the large eyes were red and pursed beneath the lower lids; there was no color in her cheeks, no makeup. The lips were cynical and hard, and general neglect was leading rapidly to premature old age. Her attire was ill chosen and draggled. The mud of the road clung to her sandals. Iras broke the painful silence. 


ellauri150.html on line 570: Tears arose in Esther’s eyes, and she was about to speak. 


ellauri150.html on line 574: The other was firm. 


ellauri150.html on line 580: Iras went to them, took them under her arms, and  passed to the door and out of it without a parting word. She walked rapidly, and was gone before Esther could decide what to do.

ellauri150.html on line 582: Ben-Hur, when he was told of the visit, knew certainly what he had long surmised—that on the day of the crucifixion Iras had deserted her father for Messala. Nevertheless, he set out immediately and hunted for him vainly; they never saw him more, or heard of him The blue bay, with all its laughing under the sun, has yet its dark secrets. Had it a tongue, it might tell us of the Messiah.

ellauri150.html on line 584: Simonides lived to be a very old man. In the tenth year of Nero's reign, he gave up the business so long centred in the warehouse at Antioch. To the last he kept a clear head and a good heart, and was successful, got lots and lots of money, became filthy rich.

ellauri150.html on line 631: Quintus cherishes Judah as a son (his own one died), and finally adopts him legally, naming him Young Arrius. Ben-Hur loves Quintus as well, is grateful but heads back to Judea almost immediately, not even waiting for the scheduled boat to take Pontius Pilate to Judea. There is no time to waste; four years have already passed.

ellauri150.html on line 635: The house of Hur is in ruins, but people are living there. He is met by Esther; she and her father were in there for only a year. Her father was paralyzed in prison, so a big fella who shared a cell with him and went mute during that time has also moved in to help. They are still in Jerusalem because all the assets were seized by the Romans - well, not all the assets, but they don't want the Romans to know about the rest of them prematurely. Esther never married, partly because the reason for arranging that marriage no longer applied, and partly because - she looks at her all-black clothing here, so we're probably supposed to believe that her fiance died.

ellauri150.html on line 668:     
Leo was the first person in the world to be captured on color film. Maybe that is why he gave his blessings on Ben-Hur. The blessings worked, it too came out on color film. Here's some more messages from him. 

ellauri150.html on line 673: This is another article on the writings of Pope Leo XIII. the third longest sitting pope, an Italian (Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci) who lived from 1810 to 1903, and was Pope from 1878 until his death in 1903. In his writings he gives us a profound insight into the philosophical movements of the late 19th century. The ideas generated during that time have largely shaped our present day ideological struggles.

ellauri150.html on line 689: But the Pope's letter is actually a warning of the dangers inherent in too much freedom. It is the old story of the Garden of Eden. Adam and Eve were free to do whatever they wished in this original Paradise, but if they partook of the Tree of Good and Evil then there would be a price to pay. (Yes, as Milton made it clear, they were completely free to have sex anytime and anywhere, but not while munching on the apple!) And as it turned out the temptation was too great to resist.

ellauri150.html on line 713: Jesus did not become human to build a earthly paradise; admittedly this IS pure hell, but his Kingdom is in Heaven. The Church warns us about those who promise a Utopia on Earth. The worker's paradise of the Soviet Union turned into a living hell for millions; as did also Mao's promise of earthly bliss. Likewise the French Revolution was heaven only for those who reveled in the sight of blood and heads rolling off the guillotine.

ellauri150.html on line 728:     I was actually thinking about writing an article about how the free sex movement came out of the 60s. The idea was to use the songs from Joni Mitchell's Blue album as the basis of the article. You know before that time sex before marriage wasn't not considered socially acceptable, because French letters were not reliable. I'm sure it still happened, but it was not done out in the open - at least not by "respectable" people.

ellauri150.html on line 734:     I was just reading about Stephen Hawking this morning and thinking that I should write an article about that. I was thinking of calling it "Also sprach Stephen Hawking". I've never been a fan of his. I always thought his "a brief history of time" to be an exercise in extreme egotism and pure conjecture. I actually never bothered reading it because I didn't want my mind polluted with those thoughts.

ellauri150.html on line 740:     Catholics believe that Jesus was at once God and Man. I have begun to think of Jesus as being able to see at once the physical world (with one eye) and the spirit world (with the other). Perhaps Satan tried to pull him out of the physical world back into the spiritual world to destroy his mission, but Jesus rebuked Satan. There's lots of similar scenes with the dark side of the force sucking the good guys in Star Wars, and Mordor's Eye hypnotizing the poor Hobbits, plus one really scary one in Harry Potter, where Voldemort (sorry I mentioned the name) tries to slurp Harry into a pot of soup. 

ellauri150.html on line 746:     I have been thinking that the lives of the saints would be great material for Hollywood. We have the technology now to make supernatural events come to life in a realistic way on the movie screen. I was thinking of St. Bernadette who saw Our Lady at Lourdes. She always complained that the paintings and statues of Our Lady never portrayed her full beauty. But imagine if she had been able to describe her vision to a modern movie director working in 3D Imax format. The image could actually be made to float in space in front of the viewer and emanate a holy glow. A little like princess Leia in the hologram (though I thought the hologram was rather too small.) If the viewer tried to touch this image, his hand would pass through it. (I've experienced this with images in Imax movies. I'm thinking specifically of the floating seeds/"jelly fish" in Avatar.)

ellauri150.html on line 750:     Maybe the Vatican needs to get into the movie business! In the past the Vatican sponsored the works of arts of the greatest artists of the times. Today the cinema is our greatest, most technologically advanced art form and we need Christian movie directors and producers that will dedicate their art to Christ. This will never happen in Hollywood. The one exception was "The Passion" and we saw what a struggle that was.

ellauri150.html on line 769:     P.P.S: Do you remember that I asked you before about pre-marital sex? Well, I was surprised that the Jonas Brothers, a product of Disney had purity rings.

ellauri151.html on line 52: This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award and first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel. It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures. To cite this document, always state the source as shown above.

ellauri151.html on line 86: Gertrude eventually gets an operation to repair her eyesight and, having gained the ability to see, realizes that she loves Jacques and not the pastor. However, in the meantime Jacques has renounced his love for her, converted to Catholicism and become a monk. Gertrude attempts suicide by jumping into a river, but this fails and she's rescued but luckily contracts pneumonia. She realizes that the pastor is an old man, and the man that punctured her when she was blind was Jacques. She tells the pastor this shortly before her death.

ellauri151.html on line 109: André Paul Guillaume Gide (French: [ɑ̃dʁe pɔl ɡijom ʒid]; 22 November 1869 – 19 February 1951) was a French author and winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature (in 1947). André was born in Paris on 22 November 1869, into a middle-class Protestant family. His father was a Paris University professor of law who died in 1880, Jean Paul Guillaume Gide, and his mother was Juliette Maria Rondeaux. His uncle was the political economist Charles Gide. His paternal family traced its roots back to Italy, with his ancestors, the Guidos, moving to France and other western and northern European countries after converting to Protestantism during the 16th century, due to persecution.

ellauri151.html on line 111: Gide was brought up in isolated conditions in Normandy and became a prolific writer at an early age, publishing his first novel, The Notebooks of André Walter (French: Les Cahiers d´André Walter), in 1891, at the age of twenty-one.

ellauri151.html on line 113: In 1893 and 1894, Gide traveled in Northern Africa, and it was there that he came to accept his attraction to boys. (Yep, boys, he did not care for full-grown men.)

ellauri151.html on line 117: Gide had a half satanic, half monk-like mien; he put one in mind of portraits of Baudelaire. Withal there was something exotic about him. He would appear in a red waistcoat, black velvet jacket and beige-coloured trousers and, in lieu of collar and tie, a loosely knotted scarf. (Frizuliina.)

ellauri151.html on line 123: During the 1930s, he briefly became a communist, or more precisely, a fellow traveler (he never formally joined any communist party). As a distinguished writer sympathizing with the cause of communism, he was invited to speak French at Maxim Gorky´s funeral and to tour the Soviet Union as a guest of the Soviet Union of Writers. He encountered censorship of his speeches and was particularly disillusioned with the state of culture under Soviet communism, breaking with his socialist friends [who?] in Retour de L´U.R.S.S. in 1936. This is what he said of them:

ellauri151.html on line 129:     Gide was, by general consent, one of the dozen most important writers of the 20th century. Moreover, no writer of such stature had led such an interesting life, a life accessibly interesting to us as readers of his autobiographical writings, his journal, his voluminous correspondence and the testimony of others. It was the life of a man engaging not only in the business of artistic creation, but reflecting on that process in his journal, reading that work to his friends and discussing it with them; a man who knew and corresponded with all the major literary figures of his own country and with many in Germany and England; who found daily nourishment in the Latin, French, English and German classics, and, for much of his life, in the Bible; [who enjoyed playing Chopin and other classic works on the piano;] and who engaged in commenting on the moral, political and sexual questions of the day. Monsters lead an interesting li-i-fe. 

ellauri151.html on line 135:     I call a pederast the man who, as the word indicates, falls in love with young boys. I call a sodomite ("The word is sodomite, sir," said Verlaine to the judge who asked him if it were true that he was a sodomist) the man whose desire is addressed to mature men. […] The pederasts, of whom I am one (why cannot I say this quite simply, without your immediately claiming to see a brag in my confession?), are much rarer, and the sodomites much more numerous, than I first thought. […] That such loves can spring up, that such relationships can be formed, it is not enough for me to say that this is natural; I maintain that it is good; each of the two finds exaltation, protection, a challenge in them; and I wonder whether it is for the youth or the elder man that they are more profitable.

ellauri151.html on line 137: Wilde took a key out of his pocket and showed me into a tiny apartment of two rooms… The youths followed him, each of them wrapped in a burnous that hid his face. Then the guide left us and Wilde sent me into the further room with little Mohammed and shut himself up in the other with the [other boy]. Every time since then that I have sought after pleasure, it is the memory of that night I have pursued. […] My joy was unbounded, and I cannot imagine it greater, even if love had been added. How should there have been any question of love? How should I have allowed desire to dispose of my heart? No scruple clouded my pleasure and no remorse followed it. But what name then am I to give the rapture I felt as I clasped in my naked arms that perfect little body, so wild, so ardent, so sombrely lascivious? For a long time after Mohammed had left me, I remained in a state of passionate jubilation, and though I had already achieved pleasure five times with him, I renewed my ecstasy again and again, and when I got back to my room in the hotel, I prolonged its echoes by hand until morning. What´s love got to do with it? 

ellauri151.html on line 139: Gide´s novel Corydon, which (too) he considered his most important work, erects (niin takuulla) a defense of pederasty. At that time, the age of consent for any type of sexual activity was set at thirteen.

ellauri151.html on line 154: If Scrooge be not as he has been pictured, it is because a more ducklike Scrooge was desired—a Scrooge not wholly bad, a Scrooge of a better heart, a Scrooge to whom the resurrection described in this story was possible. 

ellauri151.html on line 161: The book was a huge commercial success, quickly going through two editions. Reviews were favourable, but not all so. In an unsigned piece in The Times the reviewer opined, "We owe it to literature to protest against this last production of Mr. Dickens. Shades of Fielding and Scott! Is it for such jargon as this that we have given your throne to one who cannot estimate his eminence?" However, William Makepeace Thackeray enjoyed the book immensely: "To us, it appears it is a good Christmas book, illuminated with extra gas, crammed with extra bonbons, French plums and sweetness.This story is no more a real story than Peerybingle is a real name!

ellauri151.html on line 163: She saw that he was coming; and stopped him again. But she was very nearly too late. Tackletonistakin tulee kilppi lopussa. Sirkka sirahtaa ja sitten kaikki haihtuvat kuin pieru Saharaan. Risa lelu jää lojumaan lattialle. 

ellauri151.html on line 196: Laura Dewey Lynn Bridgman (December 21, 1829 – May 24, 1889) is known as the first deaf-blind American child to gain a significant education in the English language, fifty years before the more famous Helen Keller. Bridgman was left deaf-blind at the age of two after contracting scarlet fever. She was educated at the Perkins Institution for the Blind where, under the direction of Samuel Gridley Howe, she learned to read and communicate using Braille and the manual alphabet developed by Charles-Michel de l'Épée.

ellauri151.html on line 197: For several years, Bridgman gained celebrity status when Charles Dickens met her during his 1842 American tour and wrote about her accomplishments in his American Notes. Her fame was short-lived, however, and she spent the remainder of her life in relative obscurity, most of it at the Perkins Institute, where she passed her time sewing and reading books in Braille. LOL

ellauri151.html on line 244:  In other people's company I felt I was dull, gloomy, unwelcome, at once bored and boring… (Sure enough...)

ellauri151.html on line 250: My willy was born covered with wrinkles—wrinkles my ancestors and parents most assiduously put there and that I had the greatest trouble removing.

ellauri151.html on line 410: 	  What Tarquin the Proud said in his garden with the poppy blooms was understood by the son but not by the messenger. Wot??? Kz. albumia 153.

ellauri151.html on line 441:       If only I was as eloquent as Demosthenes, I would have to do no more than repeat a single word three times. Reason is language — Logos; I gnaw on this marrowbone and will gnaw myself to death over it. It is still always dark over these depths for me: I am still always awaiting an apocalyptic angel with a key to this abyss. Help us translate this quote!

ellauri151.html on line 447: 	  Every phenomenon of nature was a word, - the sign, symbol and pledge of a new, mysterious, inexpressible but all the more intimate union, participation and community of divine energies and ideas.

ellauri151.html on line 451:       Let us assume that we invited an unknown person to a game of cards. If this person answered us, “I don’t play,” we would either interpret this to mean that he did not understand the game, or that he had an aversion to it which arose from economic, ethical, or other reasons. Let us imagine, however, that an honorable man, who was known to possess every possible skill in the game, and who was well versed in its rules and its forbidden tricks, but who could like a game and participate in it only when it was an innocent pastime, were invited into a company of clever swindlers, who were known as good players and to whom he was equal on both scores, to join them in a game. If he said, “I do not play,” we would have to join him in looking the people with whom he was talking straight in the face, and would be able to supplement his words as follows: “I don’t play, that is, with people such as you, who break the rules of the game, and rob it of its pleasure. If you offer to play a game, our mutual agreement, then, is that we recognize the capriciousness of chance as our master; and you call the science of your nimble fingers chance, and I must accept it as such, it I will, or run the risk of insulting you or choose the shame of imitating you.” … The opinion of Socrates can be summarized in these blunt words, when he said to the Sophists, the leaned men of his time, “I know nothing.” Help! TLDR!

ellauri151.html on line 565: Wittgenstein  discussed  and  was  inspired  by  the  key  Hamannian 

ellauri151.html on line 657: Wittgenstein first interprets Hamann’s ideas as a Russell-type paradox of signs and their objects in light of the logical problems he was discussing in his lectures: how God∈God? Wittgenstein then uses Kierkegaard to interpret religious symbols as paradoxes  that  express  a  higher  truth.  I  argue  that  Wittgenstein 

ellauri151.html on line 704: 4. Preached repentance, water baptism, keeping the Law, forgiving others, and faith in who He was as necessary for salvation4. Preached faith alone in the death, burial, and resurrection of Christ as necessary for salvation

ellauri151.html on line 721: Those who believed the gospel of the kingdom, that Jesus was the Messiah, the Son of God, were known as followers of the Way (Acts 9.2, 19.9, 23, 22.4, 24.14, 22). They were not Christians. Christianity did not begin within the borders of Israel; it began outside its borders. Paul was saved outside Israel on his way to Damascus (Acts 9.3-6). Believers first became known as Christians in Antioch, not Jerusalem (Acts 11.25-26).

ellauri151.html on line 723: Paul declared he was the founder of Christianity (1 Corinthians 3.10-11; 1 Timothy 1.15-16). He stated he received the doctrines of Christianity from the ascended, glorified Lord.5  Paul called these doctrines “secrets” (μυστήριον) for they were unrevealed in the Lord’s earthly ministry and unknown to the Twelve. The Twelve learned of them later from Paul but continued to confine their ministry to Jews (Galatians 2.7-9). No Biblical record exists of any of the Twelve ministering to Gentiles.

ellauri151.html on line 815: [25] who was put to death for our trespasses and raised for our justification. 

ellauri151.html on line 894: [7] For this I was appointed a preacher and apostle (I am telling the truth, I am not lying), a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth. 


ellauri151.html on line 896: [11] For this gospel I was appointed a preacher and apostle and teacher, 

ellauri151.html on line 1066: Halju mulkero Lucius Annaeus Seneca uses in the letter number 114, addressed to his friend Lucilius, the expression "talis hominibus fuit oratio qualis vita" (for such men their speech was like their life), warning us that this sentence was coined by the Greeks. So ist das Leben wie ein Hühnerbrett. 

ellauri151.html on line 1129:     La Porte étroite est en 1909 le premier grand succès littéraire de Gide. Strait is the Gate (French: La Porte Étroite) is a 1909 French novel written by André Gide. It was translated into English by Dorothy Bussy. It probes the complexities and terrors of adolescence and growing up. Based on a Freudian interpretation, the story uses the influences of Andy's childhood experience to explain the misunderstandings that can arise between two or more people. Strait is the Gate taps the unassuaged memory of Gide's unsuccessful wooing of his cousin between 1888 and 1891.

ellauri151.html on line 1133: Alissa reached, by going the other way round than The Immoralist,  a damnation very similar to the Immoralist's – indeed, Strait is the Gate might be called The Moralist. Hers is a greater perversity than Michel's, who, after all, was only doing as he liked. Alissa is doing what she does not like, and at each act of monstrous virtue her anguish increases, 'till at last it kills her. 

ellauri152.html on line 79: To lend authenticity to the forgery, Louÿs in the index listed some poems as "untranslated"; he even craftily fabricated an entire section of his book called "The Life of Bilitis", crediting a certain fictional archaeologist Herr G. Heim ("Mr. C. Cret" in German) as the discoverer of Bilitis' tomb. And though Louÿs displayed great knowledge of Ancient Greek culture, ranging from children's games in "Tortie Tortue" to application of scents in "Perfumes", the literary fraud was eventually exposed. This did little, however, to taint their literary value in readers' eyes, and Louÿs' open and sympathetic celebration of lesbian sexuality earned him sensation and historic significance.       

ellauri152.html on line 83:   While the work was eventually shown to be a pseudotranslation by Louÿs , initially it has mislead a number of scholars, such as Jean Bertheroy 

ellauri152.html on line 90:   In 1955 the Daughters of Bilitis was founded in San Francisco as the first lesbian civil and political rights organization in the United States. In regard to its name, Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon, two of the group's founders, said "If anyone asked us, we could always say we belong to a poetry club." Mehän voidaan sanoa. Had they only known that it was all about fornicating boys. 

ellauri152.html on line 92: Louÿs' close friend Claude Debussy in 1897 musically set three of the poems—La flûte de Pan, La chevelure and Le tombeau des Naïades—as songs for feminine voice and piano. Pan huiluu pyllyyn. The book was accidentally translated to Polish twice, in 1920 by Leopold Staff and in 2010 by Ruben Stiller.

ellauri152.html on line 543: As described in the Book of Esther, Haman was the son of Hammedatha the Agagite. After Haman was appointed the principal minister of the king Ahasuerus, all of the king's servants were required to bow down to Haman, but Mordechai refused to. Angered by this, and knowing of Mordechai's Jewish nationality, Haman convinced Ahasuerus to allow him to have all of the Jews in the Persian empire killed.

ellauri152.html on line 545: The plot was foiled by Queen Esther, the king's recent wife, who was herself a Jew. Esther invited Haman and the king to two banquets. In the second banquet, she informed the king that Haman was plotting to kill her (and the other Jews). This enraged the king, who was further angered when (after leaving the room briefly and returning) he discovered Haman had fallen on Esther's couch, intending to beg mercy from Esther, but which the king interpreted as a sexual advance.

ellauri152.html on line 547: On the king's orders, Haman was hanged from the 50-cubit-high gallows that had originally been built by Haman himself, on the advice of his wife Zeresh, in order to hang Mordechai. The bodies of Haman's ten sons were also hanged, after they died in battle against the Jews.The Jews also killed about 75,000 of their enemies "in self-defense."

ellauri152.html on line 549: The apparent purpose of this unusually high gallows can be understood from the geography of Shushan: Haman's house (where the pole was located) was likely in the city of Shushan (a flat area), while the royal citadel and palace were located on a mound about 15 meters higher than the city. Such a tall pole would have allowed Haman to observe Mordechai's corpse while dining in the royal palace, had his plans worked as intended.

ellauri152.html on line 551: In Rabbinic tradition, Haman is considered to be an archetype of evil and persecutor of the Jews. Having attempted to exterminate the Jews of Persia, and rendering himself thereby their worst enemy, Haman naturally became the center of many Talmudic legends. Being at one time extremely poor, he sold himself as a slave to Mordecai. He was a barber at Kefar Karzum for the space of twenty-two years. Haman had an idolatrous image of Esther's arse embroidered on his garments, so that those who bowed to him at command of the king bowed also to the image.

ellauri152.html on line 553: Haman was also an astrologer, and when he was about to fix the time for the genocide of the Jews he first cast lots to ascertain which was the most auspicious day of the week for that purpose. Each day, however, proved to be under some influence favorable to the Jews. He then sought to fix the month, but found that the same was true of each month; thus, Nisan was favorable to the Jews because of the Passover sacrifice; Iyyar, because of the small Passover. But when he arrived at Adar he found that its zodiacal sign was Pisces, and he said, "Now I shall be able to swallow them as fish which swallow one another" (Esther Rabbah 7; Targum Sheni 3).

ellauri152.html on line 555: Haman had 365 counselors, 1/day, but the advice of none was so good as that of his wife, Zeresh. She induced Haman to build a tree for Mordechai, assuring him that this was the only way in which he would be able to prevail over his enemy, for hitherto the just had always been rescued from every other kind of death. As God foresaw that Haman himself would be hanged on some tree, He asked which tree would volunteer to serve as the instrument of death. Each tree, declaring that it was used for some holy purpose, objected to being soiled by the unclean body of Haman. Only the thorn-tree could find no excuse, and therefore offered itself for a tree (Esther Rabbah 9; Midrash Abba Gorion 7 (ed. Buber, Wilna, 1886); in Targum Sheni this is narrated somewhat differently).

ellauri152.html on line 595:  I’ve seen Yentl the movie-musical several times, and there’s so much to unpack there, you could watch it a hundred times and have something new to talk about each time—whether it’s in the vein of despairing over the unnecessary heterosexuality of it all (even Wikipedia notes how aggressively the film erases as much queerness as it can!), or reveling in its grudging gayness (because even if Streisand decided she was playing a straight cis woman, the author is dead and it’s so easy to see Anshel and Avigdor on screen, both men, falling in love with each other).

ellauri152.html on line 599: And then there are the things totally changed for the movie. Notably, in Yeshiva Boy, Anshel has some kind of un-described sex with Badass to consummate their marriage, without anyone finding out she was not assigned male at birth.

ellauri152.html on line 600: Anshel had found a way to deflower the bride. Badass in her innocence was unaware that things weren’t quite as they should have been.

ellauri152.html on line 611: Isaac Bashevis Singer was himself not a fan of the movie. He said about its ending:

ellauri152.html on line 613: “Miss Streisand [made] Yentl, whose greatest passion was the Torah, go on a ship to America, singing at the top of her lungs. Why would she decide to go to America? Weren’t there enough yeshivas in Poland or in Lithuania where she could continue to study? Was going to America Miss Streisand’s idea of a happy ending for Yentl? What would Yentl have done in America? Worked in a sweatshop 12 hours a day where there is no time for learning? Would she try to marry a salesman in New York, move to the Bronx or to Brooklyn and rent an apartment with an ice box and a dumbwaiter? This kitsch ending summarizes all the faults of the adaptation. It was done without any kinship to Yentl’s character, her ideals, her sacrifice, her great passion for spiritual achievement. As it is, the whole splashy production has nothing but a commercial value.”

ellauri152.html on line 615: Now, here Singer is not mad at Yentl the film for cis-normifying his gender-ambiguous, interestingly queer Yentl, but rather for turning the ending into optimistic kitsch that ignores the harsh reality of what life in America was for Jewish immigrants, especially for Jewish women. And in some ways I feel like rolling my eyes at him for that. Aside from the fact that it offends his artistic vision, why shouldn’t Jewish women get a film where—suspension of disbelief!—a Jew will study Torah, loudly and proudly, as a woman? It’s a musical, not a documentary.

ellauri152.html on line 628: I am on a crusade to make everyone aware of Yentl the Yeshiva Boy! Thank you! Also what I hate so much about that movie scene is the addition of Avigdor physical grabbing and shaking Yentl! The scene in the story is so quiet and gives Yentl dignity while explaining, while the movie has her break down confessing love for a man whose first reaction to her gender was to GRAB and SHAKE her! so inferior to just having a good old talmudic debate with your Good Pal. i feel like your comment totally sums up why The Half of It on netflix is so good.

ellauri152.html on line 660: "the evil urge assaults a person daily. If it wasn't for Hashem's assistance, one would fall into Evil Knievel's hand" (Kedushin 30a).

ellauri152.html on line 671: Rebbe Nachem explains that in this path of unassisted greatness, whatever these spiritual giants attained or accomplished was through the power of their prayers. If they didn't bark and whine for their needs, the dog wouldn't provide for them. As a result, they were always completely connected with their realtor.

ellauri152.html on line 673: Since the great Tadzikim throughout history were living on the level of din, strict justice, they realized that suffering was beneficial, enhancing their spiritual standing and bringing them close to the dog.

ellauri152.html on line 679: Although the answer appears strange, we can understand it in light of what we just learned. Rabbi Akiva was a spiritual giant. He succeeded in serving the dog unassisted, while withstanding incredible afflictions, tests, and obstacles. He was able to break the forces of evil without the dog's assistance. Only through performing the dog's willy, despite his immense suffering, was Rabbi Akiva able to attain such a lofty spiritual level, the level of the dog's "first thought," so to speak, where the world would be conducted through strict justice, din.  Rabbi Akiva was able to unify his soul with the dog's first thought. Therefore the dog's retort to Moshe can be understood as: "'Silence' which is the level of thought, for thoughts are silent, Rebbe Akiva reached the lofty spiritual level of the dog's thought."For this came up upon my thought," the first thought that occurred to the dog, to create the world through harshness, so those people who are able to come close to me (the dog) without my assistance and mercy could reach that highest level.

ellauri152.html on line 681: We know that anything we do in this world produces spiritual energies that are stored in the upper worlds and last for eternity. These stored spiritual energies can be accessed even centuries after the act was performed. And, like a spiritual "radio receiver," Tefillin help us access such spiritual energies to nourish our souls, bringing us closer to the Almighty. Don't they look like radio receivers even? 

ellauri152.html on line 741: Isaac Leib Peretz (Polish: Icchok Lejbusz Perec, Yiddish: יצחק־לייבוש פרץ‎) (May 18, 1852 – April 3, 1915), also sometimes written Yitskhok Leybush Peretz was a Yiddish language author and playwright from Poland. Payson R. Stevens, Charles M. Levine, and Sol Steinmetz count him with Mendele Mokher Seforim and Sholem Aleichem as one of the three great classical Yiddish writers. Sol Liptzin wrote: "Yitzkhok Leibush Peretz was the great awakener of Yiddish-speaking Jewry and Sholom Aleichem its comforter.... Peretz aroused in his readers the will for self-emancipation, the will for resistance against the many humiliations to which they were being subjected."

ellauri152.html on line 743: Unlike many other Maskilim, he greatly respected the Hasidic Jews for their mode of being in the world; at the same time, he understood that there was a need to make allowances for human frailty. His short stories such as "If Not Higher", "The Treasure", and "Beside the Dying" emphasize the importance of sincere piety rather than empty religiosity.

ellauri152.html on line 745: The Haskalah, often termed Jewish Enlightenment (Hebrew: השכלה‎; literally, "wisdom", "erudition" or "education"), was an intellectual movement among the Jews of Central and Eastern Europe, with certain influence on those in Western Europe and the Muslim world. It arose as a defined ideological worldview during the 1770s, and its last stage ended around 1881, with the rise of Jewish nationalism. However, according to Salo Baron, it actually began a century earlier in the "Dutch and Italian Haskalah."

ellauri152.html on line 747:       Hillel Zeitlin (1871–1942) was a Yiddish and Hebrew writer and poet. A leading pre-Holocaust Jewish journalist, he was a regular contributor to the Yiddish newspaper Moment, among other literary activities. He was the leading thinker in the movement of pre-World War II "philosophical Neo-Hasidism". Influences: Nachman of Breslov  · Shestov  · Nietzsche  · Baal Shem Tov  · Shneur Zalman of Liadi  · Spinoza  · Tolstoy  · Schopenhauer  · Dostoevsky  · Bergson  · Brenner.

ellauri152.html on line 754: Zeitlin was of the opinion that it would be impossible to settle in Palestine without removing the half a million Palestinian Arabs and so the Zionist proposals would fail.

ellauri152.html on line 756:       When the Nazis began the genocide of Jewish People in Poland in 1942, Zeitlin was 71 years old. He was murdered by Nazis in the Warsaw ghetto while holding a book of the Zohar and wrapped in a Tallit and Tefillin. Most of his family was also murdered; the only survivor was his elder son Aaron, who had settled in New York in 1939.

ellauri153.html on line 241: Saadi was a Sunni Muslim. Arvasin. Ne on mumslimeista pölkkypäisimpiä. Saadi Shirazi whose family were from religious scholars, missed his father when he was a child. Then he was under the guardianship of his maternal grandmother. Siis mammanpoikia.

ellauri153.html on line 244: Saadi was captured by Crusaders at Acre where he spent seven years as a slave digging trenches outside its fortress. He was later released after the Mamluks paid ransom for Muslim prisoners being held in Crusader dungeons.  Sentään teki vähän aikaa jotain kunnon työtäkin.

ellauri153.html on line 258: When he reappeared in his native Shiraz, he crawled under Atabak Abubakr ibn Sa'd ibn Zangi (1231–60), the Salghurid ruler of Fars, who was enjoying an era of relative tranquility. Saadi was not only welcomed to the city but was shown great respect by the ruler and held to be among the great celebs of the province. Some of Saadi's most famous panegyrics were composed as a gesture of gratitude in praise of the ruling house and placed at the beginning of his Bustan. The remainder of Saadi's life seems to have been spent in Shiraz. 

ellauri153.html on line 266: Ralph Waldo Emerson was also interested in Sadi's writings, contributing

ellauri153.html on line 269: Voltaire was very thrilled with his works especially Gulistan, even he enjoyed being called "Saadi" in his friends' circle. April 21 is The World Saadi Day.

ellauri153.html on line 810:   When King David was very old, he could not keep warm even when they put covers over him. So his attendants said to him, ‘Let us look for a young virgin to serve the king and take care of him. She can lie beside him so that our lord the king may keep warm.’ Then they searched throughout Israel for a beautiful young woman and found Abishag, a Shunammite, and brought her to the king. The woman was very beautiful; she took care of the king and waited on him, but the king had no sexual relations with her” (1 Kings 1:1–4)

ellauri153.html on line 819: 

Why a young virgin? This quality ensured that whoever was chosen for the job wouldn’t be taken away from a jealous fiancé or husband, nor would she be a widow familiar with the sexual practices of the marriage bed. We don’t know what hopes and dreams Abishag had for her own life, but in the ancient world where uncertainty and struggle were lifelong challenges for most people, the honor of being brought into the king’s household would mean a lifetime of well-being and security for her and her family (1 Kings 4:27).
ellauri153.html on line 821:

Why not a queen or wife? A queen could not be ordered by mere servants to stay and keep the king warm through the night; she was above following the commands of those of lesser rank. To presume to direct the queen would be an affront to her royal dignity, and it would also reflect badly on the king.
ellauri153.html on line 824: Abishag was neither a wife nor a concubine, but her position in the king’s household gave her such high prestige that David’s son Adonijah asked to marry her after the king’s death, but Solomon recognized this as an attempt by Adonijah to make himself king, and he had his brother summarily executed (1 Kings 2:21–25).
ellauri153.html on line 826: Nowhere does the Bible approve of David’s state of affairs—just the opposite! God had warned Israel through Moses that any future king “must not take many wives” (Deuteronomy 17:17). Scripture does not say that Abishag’s presence in David’s bed was a good thing, nor does it present David as a good father. His many children by multiple mothers were a cause of great trouble for him and the whole kingdom (2 Samuel 13; 2 Samuel 15; 1 Kings 12:23–25). His own son and successor, Solomon, ignoring God’s clear warning, took his father’s excesses to a shocking extreme with 700 wives and 300 concubines who led him astray and turned his heart after other gods (1 Kings 11:2–4). The kingdom itself was divided and lost by Solomon’s son shortly after his coronation, barely one generation after the glory of King David (1 Kings 12).
ellauri153.html on line 849: Conceivably, the contrasts form some kind of semantic unit. This may be a unit as broadly defined as positive versus negative, with alive and daring being positive and sad and insecure being negative. Titi-uu. Big surprise? Loud and sharp vs. quiet and mumbling. No wonder Bob Cohen was not very memorable as a linguist. He was rather like Reb Berelen. He too was a well-known parasite.
ellauri153.html on line 863: After submitting it as his doctoral dissertation Arttu was awarded a PhD from the University of Jena in absentia. Private publication soon followed. "There were three reviews of it, commending it condescendingly. Scarcely more than one hundred copies were sold, the rest was remaindered and, a few years later, pulped."[1] Among the reasons for the cold reception of this original version are that it lacked the author´s later authoritative style and appeared decidedly unclear in its implications. A copy was sent to Goethe who responded by inviting the author to his home on a regular basis, ostensibly to discuss philosophy but in reality to recruit the young philosopher into work on his Theory of Colors.
ellauri155.html on line 187: Rahvas, laahus, rupusakki, rotinkaiset, hoi polloi, paariat, vastaantulijat, kumikaulat, penkkiurheilijat, tavixet, doldixet, sohvaperunat, kotikazomo, suuri yleisö, the great unwashed, followers, kouluttamattomat, persut, maahanmuuttajat, Nakke Nakuttajat, värivammaiset, liberté egalité fraternité, demokratia, demagogia, kommunismi, Jante-laki, progressiivinen verotus, kosto, kateus.
ellauri155.html on line 376: Cursory inspection of the incident proved that was total bunk, I mean that it didn’t matter.
ellauri155.html on line 427: Abimelech was most prominently the name of a polygynous polytheistic king of Gerar who is mentioned in two of the three wife-sister narratives in Genesis, in connection with both Abraham and Isaac.
ellauri155.html on line 448: Elimelech Weisblum of Lizhensk (1717–March 11, 1787) was a rabbi and one of the great founding Rebbes of the Hasidic movement. He was known after his hometown, Leżajsk (Yiddish: ליזשענסק‎, romanized: Lizhensk) near Rzeszów in Poland. He was part of the inner "Chevraya Kadisha" (Holy Society) school of the Maggid Rebbe Dov Ber of Mezeritch (second leader of the Hasidic movement), who became the decentralised, third generation leadership after the passing of Rebbe Dov Ber in 1772. Their dissemination to new areas of Eastern Europe led the movement´s rapid revivalist expansion.
ellauri155.html on line 521: Today’s passage certainly qualifies as one of the more difficult passages of Scripture. It is easy enough to understand what is going on; however, it is difficult to know how to evaluate it. We see in 1 Samuel 27:1–4 that David decided the best way to escape Saul was to flee to Philistine territory and take up residence in the city of Gath. David had been there before, and he deceived the city’s king, Achish, by pretending to be insane, thereby keeping the Philistines from killing him (21:10–15). This time, David did not have to feign insanity. Achish would have heard of Saul’s war with David, so he probably felt secure in allowing him into the city. This enemy of his enemy—Israel’s King Saul—could be counted on as a friend. Achish gave the country town of Ziklag to David, and it became a royal possession after David ascended the throne (27:5–7).
ellauri155.html on line 523: Little in the narrative tells us what we are to think of David’s actions. Perhaps the very fact that he sought security among the Philistines is enough to make his choice questionable. After all, God had shown Himself able to keep David safe within the boundaries of Israel (chs. 18–26), so David’s seeking refuge in Philistia may indicate a lapse of faith. It could be that David’s raids from Ziklag confirm this. We see how David would go out against enemies of Israel such as the Amalekites (see Ex. 17:8–16) who were in the south of Judah. After defeating them, he would bring spoil back to Achish and lie to the king, telling him that he was conducting raids on the Israelites (1 Sam. 27:8–12). We do not want to make too much of this, for some actions are acceptable in times of war that are not necessarily acceptable in times of peace (for example, industrial espionage). This was a time of war, with both Achish and the peoples David raided being actual enemies of Israel. Still, David’s successful deception put him in a quandary. Achish was so pleased with David’s work that he commissioned David to join him against Israel (28:1–2). What would he do?
ellauri155.html on line 659: Schmitt was born in Plettenberg, Westphalia, German Empire. His parents were Roman Catholics from the German Eifel region who had settled in Plettenberg. His father was a minor businessman. He studied law at Berlin, Munich and Strasbourg and took his graduation and state examinations in then-German Strasbourg during 1915. His 1910 doctoral thesis was titled Über Schuld und Schuldarten (On Guilt and Types of Guilt). A chapter on nazi guilt for holocaust has been added poshumously.
ellauri155.html on line 685: You must also note that God predestines people such as Paul and his friends in Rom. 8:30, and Eph. 1:5, 11. There is, however, controversy as to the nature of this predestination. In the Reformed (Calvinist) camp, predestination includes individuals. In other words, the Reformed doctrine of predestination is that God predestines whom He wants to be saved and that without this predestination, none would be saved. The non-Reformed camp states that God predestines people to salvation, but that these people freely choose to follow God on their own. In other words, in the non-Reformed perspective, God is reacting to the will of individuals and predestining them only because they choose God, whereby contrast the Reformed position states that people choose God only because He has first predestined them. I must say that the non-reformed position 2) sounds like gobbledygook. Either you get predestined or you don´t, what the fuck. Who was it that thought predestination and free will were compatible, was it Hume? Yes it was! The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy paper on this topic is so wordy that it needed translating into Basic English.
ellauri155.html on line 721: Mihin vittuun noi sakemannit tarvii tota kostoa? Koska ne haluaa maxaa samalla Porvoon mitalla. Silmä silmästä, hammas hampaasta. Mitä väliä kuha toimii, ajattelee anglosaxit ja panee karvakädet Guantanamoon. Notice that the old strawman Strawson raises his ugly head in this connection. He was last heard of in album 84 when relating Ludi Wittgenstein´s late religious troubles.
ellauri155.html on line 727: In the Treatise, as was noted earlier, Hume argues that one of the reasons “why the doctrine of liberty [of indifference] has generally been better receiv’d in the world, than its antagonist [the doctrine of necessity], proceeds from religion, which has been very unnecessarily interested in this question” (T 2.3.2.3/409). He goes on to argue “that the doctrine of necessity, according to my explication of it, is not only innocent, but even advantageous to religion and morality”. In the final passages of the Enquiry discussion of liberty and necessity (EU 8.32–6/99–103) – passages which do not appear in the original Treatise discussion – Hume makes it plain exactly how his necessitarian principles have “dangerous consequences for religion”.
ellauri155.html on line 733: Tähän Hume vetää sitten takataskusta tän senttimenttihäsläyxen. Eli vaikkei noi maailmassa tapahtuvat jutut oliskaan pahoja noin niinkuin loppupeleissä (kert ne on hyvän jumalasedän nimtuten tarkoitus), ne tuntuu meistä pahalta, eli ne on apinamittakaavassa hyviä tai pahoja. Moral sentiments, who was it who thought we have those? Aw yes, the third earl of Shaftesbury. They are comparable to taste in arts. Mautonta! se tuhahti kuin Aarne Kinnunen.
ellauri155.html on line 754: He begins with Abraham, showing how the Lord chose this man to be His special representative out of all the people of the world. Most Christians do not struggle with accepting the truth that Abraham was chosen by God, and immediately Calvin personalizes this doctrine by using Abraham.
ellauri155.html on line 755: Consequently, Calvin shows that Israel who descended from Abraham was also then chosen by God. He quotes verses such as Deuteronomy 7:7-8 which says, “The Lord did not set his love upon you, nor choose you, because you were more in number than any people: for ye were the fewest of all people: but because the Lord loved you.”
ellauri155.html on line 756: Calvin then goes on to speak of a deeper dimension of predestination, that in the Old Testament we see a more special election still of God saving certain ones out of the nation of Israel. Calvin says that his readers must see how “the grace of God was displayed in a more special form, when of the same family of Abraham God rejected some.” He then refers to Malachi 1:2-3 which explicitly states, “Was not Esau Jacob’s brother? saith the Lord: yet I loved Jacob, and I hated Esau.”
ellauri155.html on line 761: So important was it to Calvin to believe this doctrine that he said, “We shall never feel persuaded as we ought that our salvation flows from the free mercy of God as its fountain, until we are made acquainted with his eternal election.” Yet even though he saw eternal election this way, he also stressed a need for caution.
ellauri155.html on line 763: Calvin was far more careful with this doctrine than his critics were and are. Calvin understood men would react strongly against predestination. “The human mind, when it hears this doctrine, cannot restrain its petulance, but boils and rages as if aroused by the sound of a trumpet.” People who hear the teaching of predestination rarely remain unaffected by it. Their hearts too become enflamed, either with these teachings or against them. Calvin offers caution in the wrongful handling of this doctrine.
ellauri155.html on line 785: It’s a great illustration of an important biblical truth: Redemption. It’s a word from the slave market. A slave could be redeemed, set free from their old way of life with a suitable sum of mmmooonneeeyyy! Horatius Flaccus was a son of a redeemed slave, and much good did that do to him. And Epictetus was another one.
ellauri155.html on line 791: What was Calvin’s answer? He reminds his readers what the predestinated are predestined to do! He points out what the Apostle Paul said in Ephesians 1:4, where he reminds us that the end for which we are elected is “that we should be holy, and without blame before him.” “If the end of election is holiness of life, it ought to arouse and stimulate us strenuously to aspire to it, instead of serving as a pretext for sloth.” He develops how predestination should lead us to fear God all the more, and consequently should both comfort us and spur us on even in the worst of times to greater holiness.
ellauri155.html on line 804: When I first received the intelligence of the death…of your son Louis, I was so utterly overpowered that for many days I was fit for nothing but to grieve…I was somehow upheld before the Lord by those aids wherewith he sustains our souls in affliction,…however, I was almost a nonentity.
ellauri155.html on line 808: There is nothing which is more dispiriting to us than while we vex and annoy ourselves with this sort of question – Why is it not otherwise with us? Why has it so happened that we came to this place? [In other words, why has God allowed this to happen to us?] ...It is God, therefore, who has sought back from you your son, whom he committed to you to be educated, on the condition, that he might always be his own. And therefore, he took him away, because it was both of an advantage to him to leave this world, and by this bereavement to humble you, or to make trial of your patience. If you do not understand the advantage of this, without delay, first of all, set aside every other object of consideration, and ask of God that he may show you. Should it be his will to exercise you still further, by concealing it from you, submit to that will, that you may become the wiser than the weakness of your own understanding can ever attain to.”
ellauri155.html on line 818: Peter Frederick Strawson (1919–2006) was an Oxford-based philosopher whose career spanned the second half of the twentieth century. He wrote most notably about the philosophy of language, metaphysics, epistemology and the history of philosophy, especially Kant.
ellauri155.html on line 820: There is no shallow end to the philosophical pool! Strawson was married and had four children. He was a highly cultured man, with a passion for literature, especially poetry, large amounts of which he could recite and most of which he also wrote. In conversation, manners and appearance, the overwhelming impression was of elegance and effortless intelligence. Mutta aika mitättömän näköinen pallokorva. P.F. Strawsonin pituus oli bläänk ja sen net worth under review. Fair enough, Jakkoh-Hintikka puuttui kokonaan celebs hall of famesta.
ellauri155.html on line 822: Strawson was committed to the value of publication, of books and articles, whereas Austin seemed content to develop his views and promulgate them in lectures and talks. His achievements were recognised by election in 1960 to the British Academy, by the reception of a knighthood in 1977 and by many other honours. In 1998 he became the twenty-sixth philosopher to have a volume devoted to him in the famous Library of Living Philosophers series, adding another British name to the list of recipients of this honour, previous ones being Whitehead, Russell, Moore, Broad and Ayer. Austin did not get included, nyaah nyaah nyaah!
ellauri155.html on line 868: One can see in this paper an application of some ideas of a Humean character to a domain to which Hume himself was not inclined to apply them. There is also a suggestive affinity with Kant’s attempt to dissolve the problem of free will in the Critique of Pure Reason.
ellauri155.html on line 878: Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, known in English as George Santayana (/ˌsæntiˈænə, -ˈɑːnə/;[2] December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952), was a philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist. Originally from Spain, Santayana was raised and educated in the US from the age of eight and identified himself as an American, although he always retained a valid Spanish passport. At the age of 48, Santayana left his position at Harvard and returned to Europe permanently. He got enough of the U.S. of A.
ellauri155.html on line 880: Santayana is mostly known for aphorisms, such as "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it", "Only the dead have seen the end of war", and the definition of beauty as "pleasure objectified". Although an atheist, he treasured the Spanish Catholic values, practices, and worldview in which he was raised.] Santayana was a broad-ranging cultural critic spanning many disciplines. He was profoundly influenced by Spinoza´s life and thought; and, in many respects, was another Spinoza. Was he too a jew? I guess not. His father was a minor intellectual. His mother married a Bostonian merchant Sturgis who died. In Madrid, he married the Santayana guy. In 1869, Josefina Borrás de Santayana returned to Boston with her three Sturgis children, because she had promised her first husband to raise the children in the US. She left the six-year-old Jorge with his father in Spain. Jorge and his father followed her to Boston in 1872. His father, finding neither Boston nor his wife´s attitude to his liking, soon returned alone to Ávila, and remained there the rest of his life as a minor intellectual.
ellauri155.html on line 882: Young Santayana spent a lot of time in Harvard under William James. He was involved in 11 clubs as an alternative to athletics. He did not like athletics. He was founder and president of the Philosophical Club, a member of the literary society known as the O.K., an editor and cartoonist for The Harvard Lampoon, and co-founder of the literary journal The Harvard Monthly, to name a few. In December, 1885, he played the role of Lady Elfrida in the Hasty Pudding theatrical Robin Hood, followed by the production Papillonetta in the spring of his senior year. Would have been less hassle to take part in athletics. But maybe he was a little like that, sissy-missy, you know. Yep yep:
ellauri155.html on line 884: Santayana never married. His romantic life, if any, is not well understood. Some evidence, including a comment Santayana made late in life comparing himself to A. E. Housman, and his friendships with people who were openly homosexual and bisexual, has led scholars to speculate that Santayana was perhaps homosexual or bisexual, but it remains unclear whether he had any actual heterosexual or homosexual relationships.
ellauri155.html on line 886: Santayana ei tykännyt olla professori, se oli ajautunut siihen. Se lopettikin professorin hommat 48-vuotiaana tykkänään ja lähti seikkailemaan. Varmaan homostelukin oli silleen helpompaa. In later life, Santayana was financially comfortable, in part because his 1935 novel, The Last Puritan, had become an unexpected best-seller. In turn, he financially assisted a number of writers, including Bertrand Russell, with whom he was in fundamental disagreement, philosophically and politically. Santayana´s only novel, The Last Puritan, ist ein bildungsroman, centering on the personal growth of its protagonist, Oliver Alden. His Persons and Places is an autobiography. These works also contain many of his sharper opinions and bons mots. He wrote books and essays on a wide range of subjects, including philosophy of a less technical sort, literary criticism, the history of ideas, politics, human nature, morals, the influence of religion on culture and social psychology, all with considerable wit and humor.
ellauri155.html on line 888: Like William James, his friend and mentor, he wrote philosophy in a literary way. Ezra Pound includes Santayana among his many cultural references in The Cantos, notably in "Canto LXXXI" and "Canto XCV". Santayana is usually considered an American writer, although he declined to become an American citizen, resided in Fascist Italy for decades, and said that he was most comfortable, intellectually and aesthetically, at Oxford University. Although an atheist, Santayana considered himself an "aesthetic Catholic" and spent the last decade of his life in a Roman residence under Catholic nuns. It felt a little like his young days under William James. He held racial superiority and eugenic views. He believed superior races should be discouraged from "intermarriage with inferior stock". Maybe that was why he had no kids.
ellauri155.html on line 910: Blow what winds would, the ancient truth was mine, Sama puhalsiko tuuli, vanha totuus oli mulla,
ellauri155.html on line 916: Of flesh and spirit was my worship vowed. Lihasta ja hengestä oli mun palvontani kasattu.
ellauri155.html on line 948: My friend was under-secretary in the second Labour government at the time
ellauri155.html on line 949: of his death a few years ago. Bertie for n /a long period was Fellow of Trinity
ellauri155.html on line 970: because he and his friends think of me as a sort of person in the margin, impecunious, and egoistic; and it would humiliate Bertie to think that I was supporting him. And all that bevy of relations—especially the Smiths who are great
ellauri155.html on line 1005: ostrich or rare tropical bird: She is a sister of the Duke of Portland, but married a brewer’s son, who during the war was a liberal member of Parlaiment. Mr.
ellauri155.html on line 1006: Asquith was a great friend of hers; also Lytton Streachy and Clive Bell and
ellauri155.html on line 1010: of her health. There was a love-affair, I don’t know how Platonic, between her
ellauri155.html on line 1012: age. It was Lady Ottoline who, in a second letter, sent me the enclosed portrait
ellauri156.html on line 54: Robert L. (Bob) Deffinbaugh graduated from Dallas Theological Seminary with his Th.M. in 1971. Bob is a pastor/teacher and elder at Community Bible Chapel in Richardson, Texas, and has contributed many of his Bible study series for use by the Foundation. Bob was born in a manger and raised in a barn... More
ellauri156.html on line 62: When my Grandmother Palmer was alive, she lived on a farm outside of Shelton, Washington. At the entrance to her driveway was a small lot, where a small mobile home was parked. As I recall, the woman who lived in the trailer and her husband were estranged. The husband, who had served time in prison, was prone to violence. When the husband came to the mobile home to see his wife, another man was there. An argument resulted, and blows were exchanged. Ultimately, the woman's visitor brandished a weapon and demanded that the husband leave. He left, but only while uttering threats about what he was yet to do.
ellauri156.html on line 64: A few hours later, my uncle came by to visit my grandmother. He was just entering the driveway, very near the little mobile home where the altercation occurred earlier. Unfortunately, my uncle was driving a car which looked similar to the one driven by the estranged husband's adversary parked outside the trailer earlier in the day. Gunshots rang out as the enraged husband fulfilled his vow. The rifle easily penetrated the windshield, and my uncle was instantly killed -- by mistake. The angry husband had killed my uncle, falsely assuming that he was his adversary.
ellauri156.html on line 66: As a result of this incident, I became a man of god. This was just too much of a coincidence to be an accident - it had to be Providence, I mean Dog's plan!
ellauri156.html on line 72: The best part in my opinion is the bit in Talmud where David looks Bathsheba in the eyes and sees his own horny face reflected there and is sick of the whole thing. From then on he will not touch Bathseba anymore down there ever again and leaves her to languish in his harem bored as hell. Maybe David barfed because Bathsheba was already corked. He was used to virgins.
ellauri156.html on line 74: Before we begin to look carefully at verses 1-4 of chapter 11, allow me to make a couple of comments about this event as portrayed in these two chapters of 2 Samuel. First, I want you to notice the “law of proportion” in this text. Only three verses describe David's sin of adultery with Bathsheba. Second, the author pulls no punches in describing the wickedness of this sin. History is not written in a way that makes David look good. Third, the sin of David and Bathsheba is dealt with historically, but not in a Hollywood fashion. Hollywood filmmakers would perform a remake of this account to dwell on the sensual elements. Nothing in this text is intended to inspire unclean thoughts or actions. Indeed, this story is written in a way that causes us to shudder at the thought of such things. I know it is something of a letdown, but at least myself, I was totally capable of imagining the rest. (I got 5 streetwalking girls and a wife, for God's sake.) If you need help with unclean thoughts here, please consult Gonorrhé Ballsack's Comtes Droolatiques.
ellauri156.html on line 76: Israel is at war with none other than the Ammonites (verse 1), which may come as a surprise to you as it did to me. (Well, to be honest, I thought they were the cretacean mollusks by the same name.) I thought the Ammonites had been defeated in chapter 10. I was wrong. The author is very clear on this matter. In chapter 8, the author tells how David began to engage his enemies in battle, ending the strangle-hold these surrounding nations had on Israel. David subjected the Philistines (8:1), then the Moabites (8:2), and then he took on the king of Zobah (8:3ff.). In the process, other nations became involved and found Israel too formidable an enemy to oppose again. (Notice the similarity of the situation here to the Yom Kippur War.)
ellauri156.html on line 81: 5 When David was told about this, he sent messengers to meet the men, for they were greatly humiliated. The king said, “Stay at Jericho till your beards have grown, and then come back.”
ellauri156.html on line 96: 1 Then Satan stood up against Israel and moved David to number Israel. 2 So David said to Joab and to the princes of the people, “Go, number Israel from Beersheba even to Dan, and bring me word that I may know their number.” 3 Joab said, “May the LORD add to His people a hundred times as many as they are! But, my lord the king, are they not all my lord's servants? Why does my lord seek this thing? Why should he be a cause of guilt to Israel?” 4 Nevertheless, the king's word prevailed against Joab. Therefore, Joab departed and went throughout all Israel, and came to Jerusalem. 5 Joab gave the number of the census of all the people to David. And all Israel were 1,100,000 men who drew the sword; and Judah was 470,000 men who drew the sword (1 Chronicles 21:1-5).
ellauri156.html on line 104: 14 So the Lord sent a plague on Israel, and seventy thousand men of Israel fell dead. 15 And God sent an angel to destroy Jerusalem. But as the angel was doing so, the Lord saw it and relented concerning the disaster and said to the angel who was destroying the people, “Enough! Withdraw your hand.” The angel of the Lord was then standing at the threshing floor of Araunah[b] the Jebusite. Jebu jebu jee! Ei sattunut!
ellauri156.html on line 106: But why the fuck was it a sin in the first place? Censuses are taxation events. David was after money, not blood, since when is that a sin in Jehovah's book? Or maybe he did not want to draw the sword, but rather sheathe it with Bathsheba? Now that is a sin, if the vagina is not one of yours. Hey, read on, Bob explains it all:
ellauri156.html on line 112: The Israelites were wrong in demanding a king, but they were not too far off in expecting that their “king” would lead them in war. The judges God had raised up for them earlier were usually men like Barak or Gideon, who would lead the nation in battle against their enemies. When God designated Saul as Israel's first king, this military role was clearly indicated:
ellauri156.html on line 116: Saul shrunk back from pursuing the enemies of Israel at times, and it was sometimes David who stood in Saul's shoes, leading the nation in battle. This was the case, for example, when David fought Goliath, a battle that should have been fought by Saul, Israel's giant (see 1 Samuel 9:2). Up until now, David has been leading his men in battle, but in chapter 11, David suddenly steps back, sending others to fight for him. In 2 Samuel 12:26-31, the author makes it clear that David may not have been planning to be present for the formal surrender of Rabbah. Joab sends David a message, urging him to come and at least give the appearance of leading his army. If David does not come, Joab warns, David will not receive the glory, and it may go to Joab. Joab knows that David knows this is not the way it was meant to be. And so it is that David makes a formal appearance to be the “official” leader at the time of the surrender of the city of Rabbah.
ellauri156.html on line 118: So the sin was not to bask in reflected glory. David is wrong in yet another way, a way he would hardly have realized at the time. David is a prototype of the Messiah who was yet to come as God's King. When Messiah comes, it is He who brings about the deliverance of His people. It is He who will come to subdue His enemies and to establish His throne. How can David represent Messiah as he reigns by staying at home and refusing to enter the battle with the enemies of God and the enemies of God's people? Messiah will come (the second time) as a mighty warrior. If David would portray Him, then he must be a mighty warrior.
ellauri156.html on line 120: What the fuck? Jesus was a wimp par excellence, so precisely by NOT taking part in a war David was a perfect role model for this pacifist.
ellauri156.html on line 122: What keeps David home in Jerusalem? Why doesn’t David go to the battle? I fear there are perhaps several reasons. The first is David's arrogance. God has been with David in all of his military encounters and given him victory over all his foes. God has given David a great name. David has begun to believe his own press clippings. He begins to feel he is invincible. David seems to have come to the place where he believes his abilities are so great he can lead Israel into victory, even though he is not with his men in battle. He was just getting bored. God should not have helped him TOO much, that was like taking the wind from his sails. Any parent knows that much.
ellauri156.html on line 142: According to Beatles historian Kenneth Womack, McCartney drew his inspiration for the song from Robert Service’s poem “The Shooting of Dan McGrew.” The Old West-style honky-tonk piano was played by producer George Martin. "Rocky Raccoon" is also the last Beatles song to feature John Lennon's harmonica playing.
ellauri156.html on line 143: In Mojo magazine in October 2008, McCartney acknowledged that the style of the song is a pastiche, saying: "I was basically spoofing the folksinger." Lennon attributed the song to McCartney, saying: "Couldn't you guess? Would I have gone to all that trouble about Gideon's Bible and all that stuff?"
ellauri156.html on line 164: Her name was Magill, and she called herself Lil
ellauri156.html on line 172: But Daniel was hot, he drew first and shot
ellauri156.html on line 207: The Marvel Comics character Rocket Raccoon, created by Bill Mantlo and Keith Giffen, was inspired by the song's title and some of the lyrics.
ellauri156.html on line 211: A third reason -- and I am hesitant to suggest it -- is that David may be getting soft. Let's face it, David had some very difficult days when he was fleeing from Saul. I am sure there were hot days and cold nights. There were certainly days when his food was either limited or lousy, or both. Army food has never been known as a work of culinary artistry. Now, David has moved up in the world, from barren wilderness, which Saul and his army would avoid if possible, to the hills of Jerusalem. His accommodations are better, too. He no longer lives in a tent (if he was fortunate enough to have one in those days); he lives in a palace. Why would David want to stay in a tent in the open field, outside of Rabbah, if he can stay in his own bed (or Bathsheba's), in his own palace, inside Jerusalem?37
ellauri156.html on line 213: David is starting to become Saul-like, in that he is willing to let others go out and fight his battles for him. Among those David is willing to send in his place are Joab and Abishai. This Joab, we should recall, is a violent man. Joab was not the commander of the army of Israel by David's choice. David had distanced himself from Joab and Abishai because of the death of li'l Abner (2 Samuel 3:26-30). Joab had become the commander of Israel's armed forces because he was the first to accept David's challenge to attack Jebus (1 Chronicles 11:4-6). Suddenly, David is willing to stay at home and leave the whole of Israel's armed forces under Joab's command. I do not think David is motivated by trust in Joab as much as he is his disdain for the hardship of the campaign to take Rabbah.
ellauri156.html on line 215: Like my uncle to whom I referred earlier, David is in the wrong place at the wrong time. He is in Jerusalem when he should be at Rabbah. Unlike my uncle, David is in the wrong place at the wrong time because of a wrong decision. David is like the simpleton in Proverbs 7, who was foolishly and yet deliberately in the wrong place at the wrong time. Something almost had to go wrong, and it surely did!
ellauri156.html on line 236: King David makes the mistake of staying in Jerusalem, rather than fighting the Ammonites with his army. He does not stay home to meditate on the Law of Moses or to write another psalm or two; he seems to stay home to stay in bed. We know Uriah went to bed when it was evening (that is, when it got dark), and it is very likely that he got up at first light (see 11:13). With David, it is very different. David does not get up until evening, that is, until it is time for a soldier to go to bed. (As a friend of mine pointed out, this is probably a habit developed over days and not just a one-time event.) It is very unlikely that David is doing any “kingly work” in the wee hours of the night. From all appearances, David is simply indulging himself. Whaddya mean? Fucking maidens is kingly work if anything. Surely he wasn't watching late night shows, since all he had was his TV mama. Sitting up and adjusting the screen until the picture was completely right.
ellauri156.html on line 241: I was in my bed a-sleepin', oh-boy, what a dream
ellauri156.html on line 242: I was in my bed sleepin', oh-boy, what a dream
ellauri156.html on line 243: I was dreamin' 'bout my TV Mama, the one with the big, wide screen
ellauri156.html on line 267: Finally, David can stand his bed no longer. Getting up, he goes for a stroll around the roof of his palace. Most certainly, David's palace was built on the highest ground possible, so that it would afford him a commanding view of the city and the surrounding country. Virtually every other residence and building would be below David's penthouse apartment, and thus he would be able to see much that was out of sight for others. (A friend remarked after this message that a truck driver had told him a whole lot can be seen from an 18-wheeler that people in cars don't see. A chicano truck-driver just got a 110 year sentence in the U.S. for failing to stop his 18-wheeler when the brakes went. Now that was a honest-to-god Jehova style sentence, to the third and fourth generation. Good work, Rocky!)
ellauri156.html on line 269: I am not suggesting that David purposed to see something he should not. (I bet he did, peeping Tom. You actually come round to the same conclusion below, Bob.) More than likely he is walking about, almost absent-mindedly, when suddenly his eyes fix on something that rivets his attention on a woman bathing herself. The text does not really tell us where this woman is bathing, and why at this time of the night? We only know that she is within sight of David's penthouse (rooftop). David notes her beauty. He does not know who she is or whether she is married. We cannot be certain how much David sees, and thus we do not know for certain whether he has yet sinned. (What the fuck? How much do you need to see to sin? Are boobs enough, or do you need to see the pudendum or the fanny?) If David saw more of this woman than he should (a fact still in question), then he surely should have diverted his eyes. It was not necessarily evil for him to discretely inquire about her. If she were unmarried and eligible, he could have taken her for his wife. His inquiry would make this clear.
ellauri156.html on line 283: The information David receives should be sufficient for him to end the matter, or more appropriately, to start it. If this woman is married, he has no business going any further. No matter how great his position and power, nothing gives him the right to take another man's wife. The pattern for David's actions is clearly outlined by Joseph, who was hotly pursued by his master's wife (but the shoe was on the other foot that time, a puma hunting for a young rattlesnake. And Joseph was a bachelor, so what was the sin in that?).
ellauri156.html on line 293: Let us briefly review the place of the Hittites in Old Testament history. As early as Genesis 15:18-21, God promised Abram (Abraham) that his descendants would inherit the land of the Hittites (along with that of other peoples as well; see also Exodus 3:8, 17; 13:5; 23:23, 28, 32; 33:21; 34:11; Deuteronomy 7:1; Joshua 1:4; 3:10). Ephron, the man from whom Abraham bought a burial plot for his family, was a Hittite (see Genesis 23:10; 25:9; etc.). Jacob's brother Esau married several Hittite wives (Genesis 26:34-35; 36:2). The Israelites were commanded to utterly destroy the Hittites (Deuteronomy 20:17). The Hittites opposed Israel's entrance into the promised land (see Numbers 13:29; Joshua 9:1: 11;1-5), and the Israelites had some victories over them (Joshua 24;11). Nevertheless, they did not totally remove them and came to live among them (Judges 3:5). When David was fleeing from Saul, he learned that the king was camped nearby. He asked two of his men who would go with him to Saul's camp. One of the two, Abishai, volunteered to go with David, the other man did not. This man was Ahimelech, the Hittite (1 Samuel 26:6). (Eli siis mitä? Pitäskö tästä päätellä nyt jotakin heettien statuxesta vai? Oliko ne jotain neekereitä?)
ellauri156.html on line 303: The inference is often drawn that Bathsheba should not have been exposing herself as she did, and that it was her indiscretion which started this whole sequence of events. Some think her actions may have been deliberate (She knew David was there and could see. . . .), while others would be more gracious and assume it was simply poor judgment. Let me point out several things from the text. First and foremost, when Nathan pronounces divine judgment upon David for his sin, Bathsheba and Uriah are depicted as the victims, not the villains. When Adam and Eve sinned, God specifically indicted Adam, Eve, and the serpent, and each received their just curse. This is simply not the case with Bathsheba. Nowhere in the Bible is she indicted for this sin. It may be that the author did not choose to focus upon Bathsheba, but even in this case, the Law would clearly require us to consider her innocent until proven guilty. (Which law? Not biblical law for sure, take for instance Susan's case, where Daniel had to called upon to prove her innocence.)
ellauri156.html on line 307: When we read of this incident, we do so through Western eyes. We live in a day when a woman has the legal right to say “No” at any point in a romantic relationship. If the man refuses to stop, that is regarded as a violation of her rights; it is regarded as rape. It didn't work that way for women in the ancient Near East. Lot could offer his virgin daughters to the wicked men of Sodom, to protect strangers who were his guests, and there was not one word of protest from his daughters when he did so (Genesis 19:7-8). Even less later, when they asked their father Lot to fuck them at will. These virgins were expected to obey their father, who was in authority over them. Michal was first given to David as his wife, and then Saul took her back and gave her to another man. And then David took her back (1 Samuel 25:44; 2 Samuel 3:13-16). Apparently Michal had no say in this whole sequence of events. Oh, those days of innocence!
ellauri156.html on line 309: To approach this same issue from the opposite perspective, think with me about the Book of Esther. When the king summoned his wife, Queen Vashti, to appear (perhaps in a way that would inappropriately display her goodies to the king's guests), she refused. She was removed (see Esther 1:1-22). She did not lose her life, but she was at least replaced by Esther, who had no such compunctions. Then, we read later in this same book that no one could approach the king unless he summoned them. If any approached the king and he did not raise his "scepter", they were put to death (Esther 4:10-11). Does this not portray the way of eastern kings? Does this not explain why Bathsheba went to the king's palace when summoned? Does this help to explain why she seems to have given in to the king's lustful acts? (We do not know what protests -- like Tamar's in chapter 13 -- she may have uttered, but we do have some sense of the powerlessness of a woman in those days, especially when given orders by the king. (Later on it became the requirement that a raped lady should kill herself to save her husband the disgrace of having horns.)
ellauri156.html on line 311: Now, having looked at the big picture, let's concentrate on the juicy details. The text informs us that David sees this woman bathing and notes that she is very beautiful. It is sometimes thought that David saw Bathsheba unclothed as she bathed herself publicly, and that the sight of her (unclothed/partially) body prompted David to act as he did. Virtually the identical words employed in our text (“very beautiful in appearance”) are found in Genesis 24:16 of Rebekah, as she came to the well with a water jug on her shoulder. She was neither naked nor partially clothed. Similar (though not identical) descriptions are found, where no exposure of the woman is indicated at all (see Genesis 12:11; 26:7; 29:17; Esther 1:1). I believe one of the reasons David summons Bathsheba to his palace is that he has not seen all that he wishes. (Haahaa! Bob, you are a little too bashful here. Most likely he wants to try on what he saw, like St. Thomas who wanted to put his finger in the wound. Seeing is not believing.)
ellauri156.html on line 313: Let's pursue this matter a little more. (Oh lord, I feel the spirit stirring below my belt.) Bathsheba is bathing herself. (This is about the 4. time Bob invites us to picture this tender moment. There are not too many of them in the Bible, so let us savor it.) We tend to assume that this means she is disrobed, at least partially. I believe Bathsheba is bathing herself in some place normally used for such purposes. Only David, with his penthouse vantage, would be able to see her, and a whole lot of other folks if he chose. The poor do not have the same privacy privileges as the rich. I have seen any number of people bathing themselves on the sidewalks of India, because this is their home. The word for bathing employed here is often used to describe the washing of a guest's hands or feet and for the ceremonial washings of the priests. Abigail used this term when she spoke of washing the feet of David's servants (1 Samuel 25:41). Such washings could be done, with decency, without total privacy. We assume far too much if we assume Abigail is walking about unclothed, in full sight of onlookers.
ellauri156.html on line 315: Incidentally, Bathsheba is washing herself in Jerusalem, from which all the men of fighting age have gone to war. Remember the words of verse 1:
ellauri156.html on line 319: It is not as if Bathsheba is acting in an unbecoming manner, knowing that men are around. She has every right to assume they are not. David is around, but he should not be. On top of this, she is not bathing herself at high noon; she is bathing herself in the evening. This is when the law prescribed (for ceremonial cleansing), and it is when the sun is setting. In other words, it is nearly dark when Bathsheba sets out to wash herself. David has to crane his neck and use his binoculars to see what he does. I believe Bathsheba makes every effort to assure her modesty, but the king's vantage point is too high, and he is looking with too much zeal. I am suggesting that David is much more of a peeping Tom than Bathsheba is an exhibitionist. I believe the text bears me out on this.
ellauri156.html on line 333: Third, prosperity is as dangerous -- and sometimes more dangerous -- than poverty and adversity. We all get weary of the adversities of life. We all yearn for the time when we can kick back and put up our feet and relax a bit. We all tire of agonizing over the bills and not having quite enough money to go around. David certainly looked forward to the time when he could stop fleecing Saul and begin to reign as king. But let me point out that from a spiritual point of view, David never did better than he did in adversity and weakness. (In fact, he was quite like Ballsack's ung paouvre qui avait nom le Vieulx-par-chemins, another Iivana Nyhtänköljä.)
ellauri156.html on line 335: Conversely, David never did worse than he did in prosperity and power. How many psalms do you think David wrote from his palatial bed and from his penthouse? How much meditation on the law took place while David was in Jerusalem, rather than on the battlefield? On the other hand, how many maidens did he open the psalmbook with on the field? We are not to be masochists, wanting more and more suffering, but on the other hand we should recognize that success is often a greater test than adversity. Often when it appears “everything's goin' my way” we are in the greatest danger of producing some shit like Frank Sinatra's "My Way".
ellauri156.html on line 345: We may weary of taking up our cross and begin to take up ourselves or our same-sex significant other as our highest cause. We may back off in the area of separation, having become weary of being laughed at for our Christian principles. We may keep quiet, rather than bear witness to our faith, lest we be rejected by our peers. We may hold off from rebuking a fellow-believer, who is falling into sin, because the last time we tried it was very messy. We may get fed up with getting whacked every time we admonish fellow non-believers. When we retreat from the battle, a plunge is not far away.
ellauri156.html on line 355: The apostle John (who was Christ's favorite boy) put it this way (lot of dry cleaning in this one, sorry):
ellauri156.html on line 363: I don’t think I’m exaggerating here. The interaction between David and Uriah (see next episode) seems to indicate that David was puzzled as to why Uriah would not enjoy the good life in Jerusalem if he had the opportunity to do so. Uriah, on the other hand, chose to live as he would have on the battlefield.
ellauri156.html on line 365: This reference to Bathsheba’s “purification” is interesting and perplexing. The King James Version reads, “and he lay with her; for she was purified from her uncleanness: and she returned unto her house” at verse 4. The New King James Version is slightly different: “and he lay with her, for she was cleansed from her impurity; and she returned to her house” (note the change from a semi-colon to a comma, and from a colon to a semi-colon). The NIV reads, “and he slept with her. (She had purified herself from her uncleanness.)” The NRSV reads, “and he lay with her. (Now she was purifying herself after her period. Or was it colon? Only David knows, and Dog of course, but they don't tell.).”
ellauri156.html on line 367: There are two fascinating questions, which the text does not clearly seem to answer: (1) From what was Bathsheba purifying herself -- from her menstrual uncleanness, or from her uncleanness due to sexual intercourse? Both are dealt with in Leviticus 15.
ellauri156.html on line 374: Aika hemmetisti kyyhkypaisteja papille, kun jokainen menstruoiva nainen tuo niitä sille 2kpl/kk. Pappi pysyy hyvin selvillä seurakuntalaisten varmoista päivistä. Hmm. Jos Bathsheban kuukkixet oli ohize jo vähintään viikko sitten, kohtahan sillä oli ovulaatio, eikäpä ihme että Taavi-enon mälli teki heti tehtävänsä. Vaikka mä en kyllä usko eze jäi siihen yhteen kertaan. (2) When did this cleansing occur, and when was it completed? Was Bathsheba’s bathing which David witnessed part of her ceremonial cleansing? If so, there may have had to be a delay before the Law permitted intercourse. Otherwise, David would have caused her to violate the Law pertaining to cleansing, since it may not have been complete. The translations which make her cleansing a past, (continued) completed event seem to be suggesting that she was now legally able to engage in intercourse, though certainly not with David. If she was still in the process of her cleansing, David’s sin of adultery is compounded because it was committed at the wrong time, while cleansing was still in process. It is also possible to read the text (as does the NASB) to say that Bathsheba waited at David’s house until she was ceremonially clean from her evening with David. It is interesting that nothing is said of David waiting until he was cleansed. The inference I take from this “cleansing” reference is that Bathsheba was still concerned about keeping the Law of Moses, even if David was not. Big fat hairy diff.
ellauri156.html on line 380: It was the clumsy attempt to cover up the petty crime which led to Watergate. Richard Nixon, the President of the United States, was forced to resign to avoid impeachment. A number of his closest associates were indicted, convicted, and sentenced to brief prison terms. Not Tricky Dick, of course, he went scot free. Nain on meidankin elamassamme! Ja Daavidin!
ellauri156.html on line 384: Our lesson from 2 Samuel 11 is one of the great cover-up attempts of all time, and like so many, it too fails miserably. Our previous lesson attempted to explain David's sin with Bathsheba in a way that placed the guilt squarely upon David, and not upon Bathsheba. This was all of David's doing, not due to temptation or seduction on Bathsheba's part, but because of arrogance, lust, and greed on David's part.
ellauri156.html on line 386: David had no desire for Bathsheba to become his wife, or even to carry on an adulterous affair with her (a mitigating circumstance). He sought one night's pleasure, and she went home. That was that, or so it seemed. But then David received word from Bathsheba that this one night resulted in Bathsheba's pregnancy. Our text takes up here with the account of David's desperate attempt to cover up his sin with Bathsheba. As we all know, it did not work, and it only made matters worse.
ellauri156.html on line 388: The story of David and Uriah reminds me of the story of the “Sorcerer's Apprentice.” It has been awhile, but as I remember the plot (probably the Walt Disney version), the sorcerer goes away, leaving his apprentice behind to do his chores. The apprentice gets the bright idea that the work would be a whole lot easier if he used his master's magical arts so he could sit back and watch other powers at work. The problem was that he didn't know how to stop what he started, and so more and more helpers came on the scene as the apprentice tried to reverse the process. The worst was when Mickey tried to cleave the broom with an axe, and got instead a million of smaller brooms.
ellauri156.html on line 392: In our first lesson, we devoted our attention to the first four verses of chapter 11, which depict David's sin of adultery with Bathsheba. Pretty unbelievable that I got a whole four pages out of it. The trick is was to keep repeating the juicy bit about Bathsheba washing herself before (or after) David's load. I sought to demonstrate that this sin was all of David's doing. The author points his accusing finger at David, not Bathsheba. It was not Bathsheba's indiscretion in bathing herself (as I understand this story), for she was simply obeying the ritual of purification outlined in the law. It was David who, by means of his lofty elevation and view, looked inappropriately at Bathsheba, washing herself,violating her privacy. I endeavored to demonstrate that David's sin with Bathsheba was the result of a sequence of wrong decisions and attitudes on David's part. In one sense, being on the path he was, his destination (of adultery, or something like it) was to be expected. His sins of omission finally blossomed and came into full bloom.
ellauri156.html on line 396: (1) It seems likely that David and Uriah are hardly strangers, but that they know each other, to some degree at least. Uriah is listed among the mighty warriors of David (2 Samuel 23:39; 1 Chronicles 11:41). Some of the “mighty men” came to David early, while he was in the cave of Adullam (1 Samuel 22:1-2), and we suspect that among them were Joab, Abishai, and Asahel, the three brothers who were mighty men (see 2 Samuel 23:18, 24; 1 Chronicles 11:26).39 Others joined David at Ziklag (1 Chronicles 12:1ff.), and still other great warriors joined with David at Hebron (1 Chronicles 12:38-40).40 We do not know when and where Uriah joined with David, but since his military career ends in 2 Samuel 12, his military feats must have been done earlier. It seems very unlikely that David and Uriah are strangers; rather, it would seem these two men know each other from fighting together, and perhaps even from fleecing Saul together, or maybe Uriah had been a dear brother to David like his old Jonathan.
ellauri156.html on line 410: David sends word to Joab, ordering him to send Uriah home to Jerusalem. I take it from the context that Uriah is sent to Jerusalem on the pretext that he is needed to report directly to David on the state of the war. I doubt David wants Uriah to know he has ordered Joab to send him. I am certain David does not want Uriah to know the real purpose of his journey to Jerusalem. David is orchestrating this homecoming to appear as though it serves one purpose, while it actually serves David's purpose of concealing his own sin. Even at this level, the order for Uriah to return home has a bad odor. You may remember that when David's father wanted to know how the battle with the Philistines was going (three of his sons were involved), he sent David, the youngest son, as an errand boy to take some supplies and return with word about the war (1 Samuel 17:17-19). One does not need to send a military hero as a messenger (nor is it good practice, the youngest son is more expendable.).
ellauri156.html on line 412: I should also add that Joab is already being drawn into the conspiracy. Joab obeys David's command to send Uriah, and my guess is that Joab knows something is up. He may even have heard about David's liaison with Bathsheba. When he sends Uriah to Jerusalem, he has to give him some mission, some task to perform. Joab and Uriah may have sensed that this was no “mission impossible” (as you would give a mighty warrior), but that is a “mission incredible.” In any case, the web of deceit and deception is already being woven, and more people are being drawn into the conspiracy. Wow, this is prime material for a soap opera. Maybe there already is one, must check. OF COURSE there is:
ellauri156.html on line 415: David and Bathsheba is a 1951 historical Technicolor epic film about King David made by 20th Century Fox. It was directed by King Saul, produced by Dog, a.k.a. Zanuck, from a screenplay by Philip Dunno. The cinematography was by Leon Shameonyou. Gregory Peck stars as King David and the film follows King David's life as he adjusts to ruling as a King, and about his relationship with Uriah's wife Bathsheba, played by Susan Wayward. Goliath of Gath was portrayed by 203 cm-tall (6'8") Lithuanian wrestler Walter Talun. These days Walter would no longer get a bench seat in a high-school basketball team.
ellauri156.html on line 417: King David was the second king of Israel and this film is based on the second book of Samuel from the Bible. When the second Ark of the Covenant is brought to Jerusalem, a soldier reaches out to steady it and is struck dead. While the prophet Nathan declares this the will of God, a skeptical David pronounces it the result of a combination of an electrical shock and too much wine. This blasphemy starts David on the path of sin.
ellauri156.html on line 425: David promises Bathsheba she will not die and is willing to accept God's justice for himself, knowing that he as the hero of the book is safe. Repentant, David, seeking relief from the drought and forgiveness reaches out to touch the Ark presuming that he will die of heat stroke (or was it a short?) like the soldier. A clap of thunder is heard and there are flashbacks to David's youth depicting his anointing by Samuel and his battle with Goliath. King David removes his hands from the Ark as rain falls on the dry land. Screenwriter Dunno said he "left it to the audience to decide if the blessed rain came as the result of divine intervention or simply of a low-pressure system moving in from the Mediterranean." Well it could be both, couldn't it?
ellauri156.html on line 431: David was about thirty when he began to reign (2 Samuel 5:4), so we can look for a birth date, which according to the pattern of other proposed birth dates in this series should occur both on a Hebrew holy day, at least some other sacred calendars, and also on a date similar on some calendars to his death date. Those requirements are so stringent to occur in a given year that if we find such a date, it is highly likely to be correct. Moreover, in nearly every case so far, the birth date is more impressive than the death date, and David's proposed death date is a sacred day on 4 calendars (also being 1 Condor on the Sacred Round).
ellauri156.html on line 433: Searching for a possible birth date for David produces an ideal candidate, a holy day on 6 of the 7 known sacred calendars. The day Sat 4 Jul 1057 BC was 17 Tammuz (H), 14 Sum (Enoch, Summer Fast), 1 Res (V), 1 Bir (M), 1 Deer (SR), and 1 Jac (Easter on Priest). That Hebrew day is known simply as the Fast of the Fourth Month, which the Lord says will become a day of rejoicing some day (Zech. 8:19). That date ranks with the best birth dates found so far for the prophets. It is identical on the Venus and Mercury calendars to Isaac Bashevis Singer's birthday. This date fits the pattern so well of all the great prophets, as it should to be in Matthew's chain of key links to Christ, that it confirms this whole set of dates as being correct, including the Biblical assertion that the temple was built in the 480th year of the Exodus.
ellauri156.html on line 437: The United States of America was also born on July 4th, the date proposed for David's birth. Is that of any significance? If so, there will also be at least another witness, according to what has been discovered so far in the research. It turns out that Thu 4 Jul 1776 was also 17 Tammuz on the Hebrew calendar as was David's birth, so it may not be by chance that the nation which consistently sides with modern-day Israel was born on David's birthday.
ellauri156.html on line 442: Dunno says his original conception was for a film that would encompass David's life and go into three main chapters: David as a boy fighting Goliath; a more mature David and his friendship with Jonathan, ending with the affair with Bathsheba; and an older David and his relationship with his son Absalom. Dunno wrote a treatment which he estimated would make a four hour movie. Zanuck was not enthusiastic so Dunno then pitched the idea of doing a film just on David and Bathsheba, which Zanuck loved.
ellauri156.html on line 445: Zanuck opted to use stars already under contract to 20th Century-Fox. The production of the film started on November 24, 1950 and was completed in January 1951 (with some additional material shot in February 1951). The film premiered in New York City August 14, and opened in Los Angeles August 30, before opening widely in September 1951. It was shot entirely in Nogales, Arizona, which has a lot of the looks of the promised land, including the indians, who were made up to look like Palestinians.
ellauri156.html on line 447: The musical score was by Alfred Newman (the funny looking kid on the cover of Mad magazine), who, for the bucolic scene with the shepherd boy, used a solo oboe in the Lydian mode, drawing on long established conventions linking the solo oboe with pastoral scenes and the shepherd's pipe. To underscore David's guilt-ridden turmoil in the Mount Gilboa scene, Newman resorted to a vibraphone, which Miklós Rózsa used in scoring Peck's popular 1945 Spellbound, in which he played a no less disturbed patient suffering from amnesia, viz. prophet Nathan Zuckerman.
ellauri156.html on line 449: David and Bathsheba was 20th Century Fox's most successful release of 1951 and the third-highest-grossing film of that year, earning $4.72 million in rentals.
ellauri156.html on line 455: King Solomon, author of The Ancient World in the Cinema, found the film rather slow-paced in the first half before gaining momentum, and Peck "convincing as a once-heroic monarch who must face an angry constituency and atone for his sins." He noted that this was different from other biblical epics in that the protagonist faced a religious and philosophical issue rather than the overdone military or physical crisis.
ellauri156.html on line 457: One notable TV airing of the movie was on the American network NBC during The NBC Monday Movie on September 7, 1964 (which was Labor day that year). During one of the commercial breaks was the one and only official airing of the Daisy political advertisement by the Lyndon B. Johnson presidential campaign in the run-up to the 1964 United States presidential election. The commercial aired at 9:50 p.m. EST. It was a family film though most children living in the EST time-zone were gone to bed by then, leaving the children's parents to watch the commercial. The commercial stars a little girl (played by Monique Luiz) who is shown counting petals of a daisy which was then followed by an ominous male voice counting down to zero. During the countdown, the screen zoomed up the girl's eye in such a way whereby the parents would imagine their children there instead of the girl. The next scene was a nuclear explosion with the voice of Johnson asking for peace.
ellauri156.html on line 459: The commercial ended with a message for viewers to vote for Johnson in the election. The commercial implied that if Johnson's opponent, Barry Goldwater won the election, Goldwater would recklessly start a nuclear war that would kill the girl (and by extension, the viewer's own children) although Goldwater's name was not mentioned, his voice in not heard and his image was not shown during any point of the commercial. This commercial and its airing was a major factor in Johnson's landslide victory over Goldwater, with Johnson receiving 486 electoral votes to Goldwater's 52.
ellauri156.html on line 463: However, in giving Bathsheba a more active role, Adele Reinhartz found that "it reflects tensions and questions about gender identity in America in the aftermath of World War II, when women had entered the work force in large numbers and experienced a greater degree of independence and economic self-sufficiency. ...[Bathsheba] is not satisfied in the role of neglected wife and decides for herself what to do about it." Susan Wayward was later quoted as having asked why the film was not called Bathsheba and David. I guess it has something to do with the fact that Dog is called Dog in the bible instead of Bitch.
ellauri156.html on line 467: David goes through all the right motions with Uriah. He listens to his reports, and then he gives him the night off, some time to go to his house and “wash his feet.” David is not worried about this soldier's personal hygiene; he is worried about his own reputation. When one entered his house, he usually took off his shoes and washed his feet, in preparation for eating and for going to bed. David very delicately encourages this man to go home and go to bed with his wife. Uriah knows it; our author knows it; and we know it.
ellauri156.html on line 469: Uriah leaves David's presence. Now David adds a further touch. He sends a “present from the king” after, or with, Uriah. How we would love to know just what that “gift” was. Was it a night for two at the Jerusalem Hilton? Was it dinner and dancing at a romantic restaurant? I think we can safely say this: (1) We are not told what the present was. (2) We are not supposed to know, or it would not add to the story for us to know what it was. (3) Whatever it was, it was very carefully planned to facilitate David's scheme of getting Uriah to bed with his wife, as quickly as possible.
ellauri156.html on line 487: With all due respect, Uriah declines -- indeed Uriah refuses -- to do that which would be conduct unbefitting a soldier, let alone a war hero. I think it is important to see that there is no specific command here which Uriah refuses to disobey. To my knowledge, there is no specific law in the Law of Moses which commands a soldier to have sex with women during times of war. (This may have been true in the earlier days of Israel's history, there would not have been another generation of Israelites otherwise, since Israel was almost constantly at war with one of their neighbors.) This is the conviction of Uriah as a soldier, and he will not violate his conscience by deceiving his fellow men in tights, even when commanded to do so by the king.
ellauri156.html on line 491: 1 Then David came to Nob to Ahimelech the priest; and Ahimelech came trembling to meet David and said to him, “Why are you alone and no one with you?” 2 David said to Ahimelech the priest, “The king has commissioned me with a matter and has said to me, 'Let no one know anything about the matter on which I am sending you and with which I have commissioned you; and I have directed the young men to a certain place.' 3 “Now therefore, what do you have on hand? Give me five loaves of bread, or whatever can be found.” 4 The priest answered David and said, “There is no ordinary bread on hand, but there is consecrated bread; if only the young men have kept themselves from women.” 5 David answered the priest and said to him, “Surely women have been kept from us as previously when I set out and the vessels of the young men were holy, though it was an ordinary journey; how much more then today will their vessels be holy?” (1 Samuel 21:1-5). Pyhiä vesseleitä. Tarkoittaako se siemenjohtimia? Ilmeisesti, suomexi se on: palvelijoiden reput ovat olleet pyhät. Reppureissulaisia pyhäkouluretkellä pussit tyhjinä. Kassit jätetään ulkopuolelle.
ellauri156.html on line 495: Now here is a most amazing thing. David, years earlier, was adamant about the fact that those on a mission for the king should keep themselves from sexual intercourse. Now, years later, David is amazed that a man on a mission for the king is willing to abstain from sexual intercourse with his wife. Worse yet, David sets out to convince -- even to compel -- Uriah to go to do so, even though it will cause him to violate his conscience. This is not “causing a weaker brother to stumble;” this is cutting off a stronger brother's "leg" at the knob. Uriah is an example of the commitment expected of every soldier, and of David in particular -- at least the David of the past. Uriah is now acting like the David we knew from earlier days. Uriah is the “David” that David should be. But there is a crucial difference: now David is the king. This makes the case completely different.
ellauri156.html on line 511: In all likelihood, this was all in a day's work for the Israeli army even then. So it is not strange to see David, the mighty man of valor, (1 Samuel 16:18) dealing with Uriah, another mighty man of valor, like the enemy. Here is Uriah, a man who will give his life for his king (but not his wife? Did David even ask?), and David, a man who is now willing to take Uriah's life to cover his sin. We all know that it doesn’t work. (Actually, we all know that it works perfectly: David will be honored by posterity as the best Israeli king ever.) How strange it is to see David making Joab his partner in crime, especially after what Joab has done to li'l Abner:
ellauri156.html on line 516: Who the heck is Abner? The only one that comes to mind is Li'l Abner. Abnerista ei ole suomalaista wikisivua. On tyydyttävä jenkkeihin, vaikka se ei ole oikein tyydyttävää. In the Hebrew Bible, Abner (Hebrew: אַבְנֵר‎ 'Avner) was the cousin of King Saul and the commander-in-chief of his army. His name also appears as אבינר בן נר‎ "Abiner son of Ner", where the longer form Abiner means "my father is Ner".
ellauri156.html on line 518: Abner is initially mentioned incidentally in Saul's history, first appearing as the son of Ner, Saul's uncle, and the commander of Saul's army. He then comes to the story again as the commander who introduced David to Saul following David's killing of Goliath. He is not mentioned in the account of the disastrous battle of Gilboa when Saul's power was crushed. Seizing the youngest but only surviving of Saul's sons, Ish-bosheth, also called Eshbaal, Abner set him up as king over Israel at Mahanaim, east of the Jordan. David, who was accepted as king by Judah alone, was meanwhile reigning at Hebron, and for some time war was carried on between the two parties.
ellauri156.html on line 520: The only engagement between the rival factions which is told at length is noteworthy, inasmuch as it was preceded by an encounter at Gibeon between twelve chosen men from each side, in which the whole twenty-four seem to have perished. In the general engagement which followed, Abner was defeated and put to flight. He was closely pursued by Asahel, brother of Joab, who is said to have been "light of foot as a wild roe". As Asahel would not desist from the pursuit, though warned, Abner "was compelled" to slay him "in self-defence". This originated a deadly feud between the leaders of the opposite parties, for Joab, as next of kin to Asahel, was by the law and custom of the country the avenger of his blood.
ellauri156.html on line 522: However, according to Josephus, in Antiquities, Book 7, Chapter 1, Joab had forgiven Abner for the death of his brother, Asahel, the reason being that Abner had slain Asahel honorably in combat after he had first warned Asahel and tried to knock the wind out of him with the butt of his "spear". However, probably by intervention of God, his obtuse tool went through Asahel. The Bible says everyone stopped and gawked. That shows that something like this never happened before. This battle was part of a civil war between David and Ish-bosheth, the son of Saul. After this battle Abner switched to the side of David and granted him control over the tribe of Benjamin. This act put Abner in David's favor.
ellauri156.html on line 524: For some time afterward the war was carried on, the advantage being invariably on the side of David. At length, Ish-bosheth lost the main prop of his tottering cause by accusing Abner of sleeping with Rizpah, one of Saul's concubines, an alliance which, according to contemporary notions, would imply pretensions to the throne. Starhill stablessa oli muuten issikkatamma nimeltä Rispa. Kukahan senkin kanssa nukkui öisin tallissa?
ellauri156.html on line 526: Abner was indignant at the rebuke, and immediately opened negotiations with David, who welcomed him on the condition that his wife Michal should be restored to him. This was done, and the proceedings were ratified by a feast where Rizpah and Michal were the lights of the party. Almost immediately after, however, Joab, who had been sent away, perhaps intentionally returned and slew Abner at the gate of Hebron. The ostensible motive for the assassination was a desire to avenge Asahel, and this would be a sufficient justification for the deed according to the extremely low moral standard of the time (although Abner should have been safe from such a revenge killing in Hebron, which was a City of Refuge). The conduct of David after the event was such as to show that he had no complicity in the act, though he could not venture to punish its perpetrators.
ellauri156.html on line 535: Shortly after Abner's death, Ish-bosheth was assassinated as he wept, and David became king of the reunited kingdoms. The conduct of David after the event was such as to show that he had no complicity in the act, though he could not venture to punish its perpetrators.
ellauri156.html on line 537: Abner was the son of the witch of En-dor in Mordor, (Pirḳe R. El. xxxiii.), and the hero par excellence in the Haggadah (Yalḳ., Jer. 285; Eccl. R. on ix. 11; Ḳid. 49b). Conscious of his extraordinary strength, he exclaimed: "If I could only catch hold of the earth, I could shake it" (Yalḳ. l.c.)—a saying which parallels the famous utterance of Archimedes, "Had I a fulcrum, I could move the world." (Dote moi pa bo kai tan gan kino.) According to the Midrash (Eccl. R. l.c.) it would have been easier to move a wall six yards thick than one of the feet of Abner, who could hold the Israelitish army between his knees, and often did. Yet when his time came [date missing], Joab smote him. But even in his dying hour, Abner seized his foe's balls like a ball of thread, threatening to crush them. Then the Israelites came and pleaded for Joab's jewels, saying: "If thou crushest them his future kids shall be orphaned, and our women and all our belongings will become a prey to the Philistines." Abner answered: "What can I do? He has extinguished my light" (has wounded me fatally). The Israelites replied: "Entrust thy cause to the true judge [God]." Then Abner released his hold upon Joab's balls and fell dead to the ground (Yalḳ. l.c.).
ellauri156.html on line 539: His One Sin: The rabbis agree that Abner deserved this violent death, though opinions differ concerning the exact nature of the sin that entailed so dire a punishment on one who was, on the whole, considered a "righteous man" (Gen. R. lxxxii. 4). Some reproach him that he did not use his influence with Saul to prevent him from murdering the priests of Nob (Yer. Peah, i. 16a; Lev. R. xxvi. 2; Sanh. 20a)—convinced as he was of the innocence of the priests and of the propriety of their conduct toward David, Abner holding that as leader of the army David was privileged to avail himself of the Urine and Thumbeline (I Sam. xxii. 9-19). Instead of contenting himself with passive resistance to Saul's command to murder the priests (Yalḳ., Sam. 131), Abner ought to have tried to restrain the king by the balls. Others maintain that Abner did make such an attempt, but in vain (Saul had not enough to get a proper hold of), and that his one sin consisted in that he delayed the beginning of David's reign over Israel by fighting him after Saul's death for two years and a half (Sanh. l.c.). Others, again, while excusing him for this—in view of a tradition founded on Gen. xlix. 27, according to which there were to be two kings of the house of Benjamin—blame Abner for having prevented a reconciliation between Saul and David on the occasion when the latter, in holding on to the skirt of Saul's robe (I Sam. xxiv. 11), showed how unfounded was the king's mistrust of him, seeing Saul had no balls to speak of. Old Saul was inclined to be happy with a pacifier; but Abner, representing to him that the naked David might have found a piece of garment anywhere — even just a piece of sackcloth caught on a thorn — prevented the reconciliation (Yer. Peah, l.c., Lev. R. l.c., and elsewhere). Moreover, it was wrong of Abner to permit Israelitish youths to kill one another for sport (II Sam. ii. 14-16). No reproach, however, attaches to him for the death of Asahel, since Abner killed him in self-defense (Sanh. 49a).
ellauri156.html on line 541: It is characteristic of the rabbinical view of the Bible narratives that Abner, the warrior pure and simple, is styled "Lion King of the Law" (Yer. Peah, l.c.), and that even a specimen is given of a halakic discussion between him and Dog as to whether the law in Deut. xxiii. 3 excluded Ammonite and Moabite women from the Jewish community as well as men. Dog was of the opinion that David, being descended from the Moabitess Ruth, was not fit to wear the crown, nor even to be considered a true Israelite; while Abner maintained that the law affected only the male line of descent. When Dog's dialectics proved more than a match for those of Abner, the latter went to the prophet Samuel, who not only supported Abner in his view, but utterly refuted Dog's assertions (Midr. Sam. xxii.; Yeb. 76b et seq.).
ellauri156.html on line 560: And so in verses 22-25 we are given an account of the messenger's arrival, of his report to David, and of David's response. I must point out that the messenger does not do as he is told, at least the way I read the account. The messenger goes to David and tells the king how the Ammonites prevailed against them as they left the city and pursued the Israelites into the open field. The Israelites then pursued the Ammonites, pushing them back toward the city as far as the city gate. It was here that Uriah and those with him were fighting. It was here that they were within range of the archers, who shot at them and killed a number of servants. And quickly the servant adds, “and your servant Uriah the Hittite is also dead” (verse 14).
ellauri156.html on line 562: Now why does this messenger not wait for David to respond in anger, as Joab instructed? Why does he inform David that Uriah has been killed, before he even utters a word of criticism or protest? I believe the messenger gives the report in this way because he understands what is really going on here. I think he may know about David and Bathsheba, and perhaps even of her pregnancy. He certainly knows that Uriah was summoned to Jerusalem. I think he also figures out that David wants to get rid of Uriah, and that Joab has accomplished this by this miserable excuse for an offensive against the enemy. I think the messenger figures out that if David knows Uriah has been killed, he will not raise any objections to this needless slaughter. And so, rather than wait for David to hypocritically rant and rave about the stupidity of such a move, he just goes on and tells him first, so that he will not receive any reaction from David.
ellauri156.html on line 584: How much better it would have been for David simply to have confessed his sin with Bathsheba and found forgiveness then? Not a whit, it would only made matters worse. Who was Bathsheba anyway to show forgiveness to the king? Just another skirt.
ellauri156.html on line 586: Man (and exceptionally, woman) has been seeking to cover up his sins ever since the Garden of Eden. Adam and Eve thought they could cover their sins by hiding their nakedness behind the fig leaves (hardly large enough for Adam's snake), and if not this, by hiding themselves from God behind Eve's bush. But God "lovingly" sought them out, not only to rebuke them and to pronounce some select curses upon them, but to give them a lame promise of forgiveness when the flagpoles start to bloom. It was God who provided a covering for their sins, in the form of snappy sackcloth jeans. The sacrificial death, burial, resurrection, and feasting on rumpsteaks cut from our Lord Jesus Christ's butt is God's provision for covering our sins. Have you experienced it, my friend? If not, why not confess your sin now and receive God's gift of forgiveness from him in person (in pirsuna pirsunalmente), and work henceforward with Jesus Christ in the cross factory of Cavalry? How 'bout that? A. Yokum, frost-bite travelers re-skewered reasonable. Ask for rates!
ellauri156.html on line 588: Sixth, our text makes Uriah a hero and a dress model, not a chump and not a sucker. There are those who might conclude that Uriah's elevator may not “go to the top floor” (as my neighbor used to say of those she considered less than bright). Is Uriah gullible? Is he ignorant of what David is trying to do? Is he a coon? A spook? I don't think so. This is what makes his loyalty to David and to God's Law so striking. I think it is safe to say that here Uriah is very much like David in his earlier days, in terms of his response to Saul. As Saul sought to kill David unjustly, because he was jealous of his successes, so also David submitted himself to faithfully serving Saul, his master. He left his safety and future in God's hands, and God did not fail him. Who? Not Uriah, apparently.
ellauri156.html on line 590: Seventh, Uriah is a reminder to us that God does not always deliver the righteous from the hand of the wicked immediately, or even in this lifetime. This is a really crucial point! Don't except to be saved except ex post facto. Daniel's three friends told the king that their God was able to deliver them. They did not presume that He would, or that He must, only that theoretically, he could if he wanted to. And God did deliver them, though with late delivery, rather like today's postal services. I think Christians should look upon this sort of deliverance as the rule, rather than the exception. But when Uriah faithfully serves his king (David), he loses his life. God is not obliged to “bail us out of trouble” or to keep us from trials and tribulations just because we trust in Him. Sometimes it is the will of God for men to trust fully in Him and to submit to human government (what? like U.S. government? No way Jose!), and still to suffer adversity, from which God may not deliver us. Spirituality is no guarantee that we will no longer suffer in this life. In fact, spiritual intimacy with God is often the cause of our sufferings (see Matthew 5).
ellauri156.html on line 611: Stupid question, everyman has not got Dog's triceps, so how could he deliver Daniel, even if he wanted to? Well, he might have delivered Daniel to the lions, had he been all present and correct at the occasion. In the Old Testament, as in the New, God sometimes delivers His people from the hands of wicked men, but often He does not, or delivers them TO the wicked men. Their “deliverance” comes much later with the coming of the other Messiah, Lord Jesus Christ. Uriah, like all of the Old Testament saints of old, died without receiving his full reward, and that is because God wanted him to wait. Uriah, like many of the Old Testament saints, was not delivered from the hands of the wicked. This is pointed out by the author of Hebrews:
ellauri156.html on line 613: 13 All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen them and having welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth. 14 For those who say such things make it clear that they are seeking a country of their own. 15 And indeed if they had been thinking of that country from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return. 16 But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for He has prepared a city for them. 32 And what more shall I say? For time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets, 33 who by faith conquered kingdoms, performed acts of righteousness, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions, 34 quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, from weakness were made strong, became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight. 35 Women received back their dead by resurrection; and others were tortured, not accepting their release, so that they might obtain a better resurrection; 36 and others experienced mockings and scourgings, yes, also chains and imprisonment. 37 They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were put to death with the sword; they went about in sheepskins, in goatskins, in foreskins, being destitute, afflicted, ill-treated 38 (men of whom the world was not worthy), wandering in deserts and mountains and caves and holes in the ground. 39 And all these, having gained approval through their faith, did not receive what was promised, 40 because God had provided something even better for us, to make up for the wait, so that apart from us they would not be made perfect (Hebrews 11:13-16, 32-40).
ellauri156.html on line 615: Uriah should not be criticized or looked down upon for his loyalty and submission to David. He should be highly commended. In fact, a friend suggested a new thought for my consideration: “Suppose that Uriah was added to the list of war heroes because of his loyalty and courage in this battle which cost him his life? It is a possibility to consider. Uriah is one of those Gentile converts whose faith and obedience puts many Israelites to shame. He is among many of those who have trusted and obeyed God who have not received their just rewards in this life, but who will be rewarded in the coming kingdom of God. Too many Christians today want their blessings “now” and are not willing to suffer, waiting for their reward then. Let them think carefully about the example of Uriah for their own lives. His elevator may have not gone all the way to the top floor, but by Gawd, he will reach it when Jacob lets down the ladder!
ellauri156.html on line 618: 39 We know that while David was at the cave of Adullam, his brothers and all his father’s household, along with others in distress, came to David there, fearing the wrath of Saul (1 Samuel 22:1-2). Joab, Abishai, and Asahel were all the sons of Zeruiah, the sister of David (1 Chronicles 2:16). I infer from this that these three men joined David at the time his family joined him.
ellauri156.html on line 619: 40 Note here that there was a three-day feast of David and the men who joined with him. This was certainly a time to get to know these men.
ellauri156.html on line 620: 41 Is this, by any chance, a clue as to what the “present” was that David sent after Uriah in verse 8? Was the present some “food and drink”? I wonder. 42 Uriah’s actions raise some interesting questions about those who get themselves drunk. It seems to me that our text strongly implies that even drunk, a man cannot be forced to violate his convictions, unless of course he wants to do so. I wonder how many people get drunk because they want to do what they do drunk, and they think they can blame alcohol for their own sin? It seems like another version of, “The Devil made me do it.”
ellauri156.html on line 625: A couple hundred years ago, my wife Jeannette and I went to England and Scotland with my parents. Each night we stayed at a “bed and breakfast” as we drove through Wales. There were a number of farms, but not so many towns in which to find a place to stay for the night. We saw a “bed and breakfast” sign and traveled along the country road until we found the place -- a very quaint farm. We saw several hundred sheep in a pasture, a stone trestle, and stone barns. It looked like the perfect place, and in many ways it was. What we did not realize was that the stone trestle was a railroad trestle for a train that came by late at night, a few feet from the house where we slept. Two cows also calved that night. I have spent my share of time around farms, but I have never heard the bellow of a cow that was calving echo throughout a stone barn. I could hardly sleep a wink. Just goes to show. Never trust the Rugby guys.
ellauri156.html on line 627: In addition to the hundreds of sheep in a nearby pasture, there was a small lamb in a pen, very close to the house. It was a frisky, friendly little fellow, and we loved to "play" with it. We were somewhat perplexed as to why this fellow was kept by himself, away from the rest of the flock. The farmer's nephew came by, and I asked him. It took a while to understand his strong accent, but finally I realized he was telling me this was his “pet lamb.” The problem was that he said it as though it were one word, “bedlam.” This was obviously a separate category, distinct from the category of mere “sheep” or a “lamb.” This “pet lamb” was given a special pen, right by the house, and a lot more attention and care than the rest. I did not dare to ask the man where his "penis".
ellauri156.html on line 629: Now this little fellow was one lamb among a great many. Nevertheless, he enjoyed the distinction of being regarded as a “pet lamb.” (I am coming to te most narcissistic part of my sermon, going to introduce you to the good shepherd in a moment.) In the story which Nathan tells David, it is not quite the same. Nathan tells David of a “pet lamb” who is the only sheep of a poor farmer. This lamb does not live in a pen outside the house; it lives inside the house, often in the loving hairy arms of its master, and eats the same food he eats. This is the story Nathan tells David, which God uses to expose the wretchedness of David's sin. It is our text for this message, and once again, it has much to teach us, as well as David. Let us give careful heed to the inspired words of Nathan, and learn from a lamb. (I bet the lamb had much more to learn from the "boys".)
ellauri156.html on line 635: It is not due to any intent on her part, nor even any indiscretion. She is bathing herself as darkness falls, and being poor (see 12:1-4), she does not have the privilege of complete privacy, especially when the king can look down from the lofty heights of his rooftop vantage point. David is struck with her beauty and sends messengers to inquire about her identity. They inform David of her identity, and that she is married to Uriah, the Hittite. That should have ended his interest, but it does not. David sends messengers who take her, bringing her to his palace, and there he sleeps with her. When she cleanses herself, she goes home. (Or was it the other way round? Can't remember.)
ellauri156.html on line 641: Bathsheba's response to the death of her husband is as we would expect, as we would also hope. From what the text tells us, she has absolutely no part in David's plot to deceive her husband, let alone to put him to death. Undoubtedly, she learns of Uriah's death in much the same way every war widow does, then or now. When she is officially informed of Uriah's death in battle, she mourns for her husband. We cannot be certain just how long this period of mourning is. We know, for example, that if a virgin of some distant (i.e., not Canaanite) nation was captured by an Israelite during a raid on her town, the Israelite could take her for a wife after she had mourned for her parents (who would have been killed in the raid) for a full month (Deuteronomy 21:10-13). As I will seek to show in a moment, I believe Bathsheba's mourning is genuine, and not hypocritical. I believe she mourns her husband's death because she loves him.
ellauri156.html on line 645: When Bathsheba's mourning is complete, David sends for her and brings her to himself as his wife. Wait, was little David born as yet, or did he start fucking her with her belly full? I do not see him bending down on his knees, proposing. I do not see him courting her, sending her roses. I see him “taking” her once again. And again. In fact, this is my favourite part. The question in my mind is, “Why?” Why does David take Bathsheba into his house as one of his wives? I do not think he is any longer trying to “cover up” his sin; it is far too late for that. She must be “showing” her pregnancy by now, and it is hard to imagine how all Israel cannot know what has been going on. It appears that at this point, David is not trying to conceal his sin, but to legitimize it. Whatever David's reasons may be, they are hardly spiritual, and they are most certainly self-serving.
ellauri156.html on line 651: 3 When I kept silent about my sin, my body wasted away

ellauri156.html on line 653: 4 For day and night your hand was heavy upon me;

ellauri156.html on line 683: Fourth, Nathan's story is a “sheep story,” one that a shepherd can easily grasp and with which he can readily identify. David was a shepherd boy in his younger days, as we know from the Book(s) of Samuel (see 1 Samuel 16:11; 17:15, 28). I wonder if in those lonely days and nights David does not make a “petlamb” of one or more of his sheep? You bet. Some comfort for his lonely nights. Did this sheep eat of his food and drink from his cup? Did this sheep give him a blowjob? Possibly so.
ellauri156.html on line 689: As I understand the Bible, there is more to the story than this, however. Our lord (meaning Jeshua) frequently told stories. Why was this? Was it because he was trying to “put the cookies on the lowest shelf”? Was he accommodating his teaching to those who might have difficulty understanding it? Sometimes our lord told stories to the religious experts, who should have been able to follow a more technical argument. No, I think his own elevator did not quite reach the upper floors. I am thinking in particular of the story of the Good Samaritan, as recorded in Luke 10. A religious lawyer stood up and asked Jesus a question, not to sincerely learn, but with the hope of making our Lord look bad before the people. He asked, “What shall I do to inherit eternal life?” Jesus turned the question around. This man was the expert in the Law of Moses, what did it teach? The man answered, “YOU SHALL LOVE THE LORD YOUR GOD WITH ALL YOUR HEART, AND WITH ALL YOUR SOUL, AND WITH ALL YOUR STRENGTH, AND WITH ALL YOUR MIND; AND YOUR NEIGHBOR AS YOURSELF, THAT IS, EVEN MORE.” (Luke 10:27). In effect, Jesus responded, “Right. Now do it.” That was the problem with the law, no one could do it without failing, and so no one could earn their way to heaven by good works. Well, how high can we get with mediocre works? Someplace between heaven and hell would actually be most preferable.
ellauri156.html on line 691: The lawyer knew he was in trouble and tried to dig himself out (bad choice). He (like many lawyers then and now) thought he could get himself off the hook by arguing in terms of technicalities. And so he had a follow-up question for Jesus: “And who is my neighbor?” Jesus did not debate this man on his own terms. He was not willing to get into a word study in the original text. Instead, Jesus told a simple story, the story of the Good Samaritan.
ellauri156.html on line 699: The lawyer was in trouble; the story had no technicalities over which to argue. It brought the issue home, with little ground for quibbling over details. When push came to shove, the lawyer knew our Lord's functional definition of “neighbor” was absolutely right. He had nowhere to hide. The story did the trick; it cut to the heart of the matter, while avoiding trivial details to quibble over for hours. It was not the lawyer who made Jesus look bad with all his minutiae but Jesus who made the lawyer look bad with a simple story. The best part about similes that they can be tweaked any way you wish. Russians are our neighbors if they get to trouble, and so are Chinamen. But there is nothing here about helping them when they threaten our vital interests.
ellauri156.html on line 701: That is part of the reason Nathan told David this story. It was never meant to be a makeover of David's sin; it is meant to expose David's sin in principle, in a way that cannot be denied. Having done this very well, Nathan then presses on to deal with David's sin specifically.
ellauri156.html on line 703: The story Nathan tells David is very simple. Two men lived in the same city; one was very rich and the other was very poor. The rich man had flocks and herds.44 The rich man did not just have a large flock and a large herd; he had many flocks and many herds. We would say this man was “filthy rich.” The poor man had but one ewe lamb; this was his “pet lamb.” He purchased it and then raised it in his own home. The lamb spent much time in the man's lap and being carried about. It lived inside the house, not outside, being hand fed with food from the table and even drinking from its master's cup.
ellauri156.html on line 707: The rich man had a guest drop in for a visit, and as the host he was obliged to provide him with a meal. After giving the matter considerable thought, the rich man decided upon lamb, and yet he was not willing to sacrifice one lamb from all those he owned. Instead, he took the poor man's lamb, slaughtered and served it to his guest, so as not to suffer any losses personally. He not only let (i.e., forced) the poor man to pick up the tab for the meal, he deprived this man of his only lamb, and one that was like a member of the family.
ellauri156.html on line 709: I hope I am not guilty of attempting to make this story “walk on all fours” when I stress the same thing the story does -- that there is a very warm and loving relationship between the rich man and the poor man's “pet lamb.” It really tasted great! Considered along with everything else we read about Uriah and Bathsheba and David, I must conclude that the author is making it very clear that Uriah and Bathsheba dearly loved each other. Anyway, who cares this way or that, it was his lamb. When David “took” this woman to his bedroom that fateful night, and then as his wife after the murder of Uriah, he took her from the man she loved. Bathsheba and Uriah were devoted to each other, which adds further weight to the arguments for her not being a willing participant in David's sins. It also emphasizes the character of Uriah, who is so near to his wife, who is being urged by the king to go to her, and yet who refuses to do so out of principle.
ellauri156.html on line 711: David does not see what is coming. The story Nathan tells makes David furious. The David who was once ready to do in Nabal and all the male members of his household (1 Samuel 25) is now angry enough to do in the villain of Nathan's story. Doing in folks was one of his pet lambs. In some ways, David's response is a bit overdone. He reminds me a bit of Judah in Genesis 38, when he learns that Tamar, his daughter-in-law is pregnant out of wedlock. Not realizing that he is the father of the child in her womb, Judah is ready to have Tamar burned to death. How ironic that those who are guilty of a particular sin are intolerant of this sin in the life of others. Well said, Bob! Christians are really hard on people who have no charity.
ellauri156.html on line 720: Tänköhän takia amerikkalaisista on niin kiva että niillä on pyssyt kotona? Koti on kuin ampumarata markkinoilla, siellä saa varkaan rankaisematta ottaa hengiltä, ainaskin yöaikana. But Daniel was hot, he drew first and shot. And Rocky collapsed in the corner, ah. Se orava oli mun mailla, minä sen oravan myrkytin.
ellauri156.html on line 728: David has just sprung the trap on himself, and Nathan is about to let him know about it. The first thing Nathan does is to dramatically indict David as the culprit: “You are the man!” In stunned silence, David now listens to the charges against him. David thinks only in terms of the evils the rich man committed against his neighbor, stealing a man's sheep and depriving him of his companion. Put another way, David thinks only in terms of crime and socially unacceptable behavior, not in terms of sin. In verses 7-12, Nathan draws David's attention to his sin against God and the consequences God has pronounced for his sin. Note the repetition of the pronoun “I” in verses 7 and 8: “It was I who. . .
ellauri156.html on line 734: God speaks to David as though he has forgotten these things, or rather as though he has come to take credit for them himself. Everything David possesses has been given to him by God. Has it been so long since David was a lowly shepherd boy that he has forgotten? David is a “rich” man because God has made him rich. And if he does not think he is rich enough, God will give more to him. David has begun to cling to his “riches,” rather than to cling to the God who made him rich.
ellauri156.html on line 738: I fear some of us tend to miss the point here. We read Nathan's story and we hear Nathan's rebuke as though David's sin is all about sex. David does commit a sexual sin when he takes Bathsheba and sleeps with her, knowing she is a married woman. But this sexual sin is symptomatic, according to Nathan, and thus according to God. God is not just saying, “Shame on you, David. Look at all the wives and concubines you had to sleep with. And if none of these women pleased you, I could have given you another woman, just one that was not already married.” Wow, this is the same 'gotcha' as with Adam earlier: I give you about anything as long as you keep your fingers off my property.
ellauri156.html on line 774: I do not know how many people I have known who refused to rebuke or even caution someone close to them, thinking that they are being a friend by being non-condemning. A good friend does not let us continue on the path to our own destruction. Nathan was acting as a prophet, but he was also acting like a friend. Would that we had more professor friends. Would that we were a prophylactic friend to one on the path of destruction. Deliver in a timely manner those who are being taken away to death, And those who are staggering to slaughter, Oh hold them back (Proverbs 24:11).
ellauri156.html on line 776: (2) God sees our sin, even when men do not. He sees through the privy door. Our sins never slip past God unnoticed. The wicked refuse to believe that God sees their sin, or that if He does, that He will deal with it: And they say, “How does God know? And is there knowledge with the Most High?” (Psalm 73:11; see 2 Peter 3:3ff.) The answer is he has X-ray vision. And a huge notebook. God may delay judgment or discipline, but He will never ignore our sin. If he ignores it, it was a venial sin. But better not try your luck!
ellauri156.html on line 780: (3) God is under no obligation to stop us from sinning. (So why did he bother with David then? Is he some sort of special case? Of course he is, he is Dawgs petlamb. Sometimes people justify their sin by saying something like: “I've prayed about it and asked God to stop me if it is wrong. . . .” When God does not stop them, they somehow assume it must be right. God could have stopped David after he chose to stay home from the war, or after he began to covet Uriah's wife, or after he committed adultery, but instead He allowed David to persist in his sin for some time. God even allowed David to get away with murder, for a time. Well actually, for good. It was just a immigrant after all. God's Word forbade David's sins of coveting, adultery, and murder. God's Word commanded David to stop, and he did not. God allowed David to persist in his sin for a season, but not indefinitely. God allowed David's sin to go full circle, to reach full bloom, so that he (and we) could see how sin grows (compare Genesis 15:12-16).
ellauri156.html on line 782: (4) David's sin was not intended as an excuse for us to sin, but as a warning to all of us how capable we are of sin. I have heard it said more times than I wish to recall, “Well, even David sinned. . . .” What they mean is, “How can you expect me not to sin? If David, as spiritual as he was, sinned as he did, then how can you expect me to do any better?” Fair enough. But Where these guys go wrong is that they are not Gawds petlambs, no preferential treatment is in the offing for them. Gawd will cross them like cockroaches. Or leece.
ellauri156.html on line 796: Let me press this matter even further. David did not plan to sin, as many who try to use his sin as an excuse do. David “fell” into sin; those who would use his sin for an excuse “plunge headlong” into sin. There is a very important difference. In addition, David's sin was the exception, not the rule:
ellauri156.html on line 798: Because David did what was right in the sight of the LORD, and had not turned aside from anything that He commanded him all the days of his life, except in the case of Uriah the Hittite, and, well, in a minor way, stalking Bathsheba while she was washing herself and then fucking her without leave (1 Kings 15:5, emphasis mine).nn
ellauri156.html on line 802: I used to teach school. From time to time the principal would call a misbehaving student to his office. I will never forget when one of my students was called to his office, and then returned with a smirk on his face. One of my students protested publicly, “Will you look at that? He went to the principal's office and came back with a smile on his face!” My young student was absolutely right. Being called to the principal's office for correction should produce repentance and respect, not a smile. In those few times when I found it necessary to use the “rod” of correction, I purposed that no student would come back into the room with a smile, and none did (including the principal's own son, I might add, who was not even in my class). Oh how my students loved and respected me! I still think it was unfair to sack me. There was hardly any mark left on their precious skin from my rod. Least of all of the one that I used on my coeds.
ellauri156.html on line 804: I have never met a Christian who chose to sin, and after it was all over felt that it was worth the price. Those that did quite simply were not Christians. David's sin and its consequences should not encourage us to sin, but should motivate us to avoid sin at all costs. The negative consequences of sin far outweigh the momentary pleasures of sin. Sin is never worth the price, even for those whose sin is forgiven. Sin is not worth it even when it's free of charge. In fact, we ought to be paid to commit sin. (Some do, like the adulterous woman in Proverbs, and Trick Dick's burglars. But we won't open that can of worms now that we are this close to the finish line.)
ellauri156.html on line 806: (6) It was the story of the slaughter of a lamb which exposed the immensity of David's sin. It is the story of the slaughter of The Lamb of God which exposes the immensity of our sins. (I am not suggesting that this comparison is on all fours, though the thought is close. Like the rich man slaughtering the poor people's only lamb to have a feast.) Isn't it amazing that David was so blinded by his own sin that he could not see it? It was by means of the story of the slaughter of a poor man's pet lamb that David was gripped with the immensity of the sin which was his own. David could see his own sin when he heard the story of what appeared to be the sin of another.
ellauri156.html on line 810: Note that this last part is full of Saulus quotes. Whenever evangelists are about to finish they pepper their talk with these Saulus quotes. I guess it is because Saulus' job was so close to their own: first scare the suckers and then sugar the medicine.
ellauri158.html on line 387: The term was coined by the German philosopher Karl Krause in 1828 to distinguish the ideas of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831) and Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775–1854) about the relation of God and the universe from the supposed pantheism of Baruch Spinoza, after reviewing Hindu scriptures. Unlike pantheism, which holds that the divine and the universe are identical, panentheism maintains an ontological distinction between the divine and the non-divine and the significance of both. In panentheism, the universal spirit is present everywhere, which at the same time "transcends" all things created.
ellauri158.html on line 389: While pantheism asserts that "all is God", panentheism claims that God is greater than the universe. Some versions of panentheism suggest that the universe is nothing more than the manifestation of God. In addition, some forms indicate that the universe is contained within God, like in the Kabbalah concept of tzimtzum. Also much Hindu thought is highly characterized by panentheism and pantheism. The basic tradition on which Hantta Krause´s concept was built seems to have been Neoplatonic philosophy and its successors in Western philosophy and Orthodox theology.
ellauri158.html on line 436: Aina tietää että kun Siili alkaa monisanaisesti pulista, se ei välttämättä izekään ihan tiedä mitä se haluu sanoa. Mitähän tääkin taaas olisi? Onxe jotain sellasta että toteutumattomat asiat (esim siis apinoiden esi-isät) on olemassa joteskin kuitenkin jumalan hämärinä ajatuxina sittenkin kun niitä ei oikeasti ole? Vaikea sanoa, kun Siili ei edes ize kexi yhtään kunnon esimerkkiä. Jotain geometrista höpinää ympyrään piirretyistä neliöistä vaan. Tässä tulee mieleen sen peräsuolisyöpään kuolleen Jon Barwisen vaikeudet kun se koitti rakentaa semantiikan vaan yhdestä mahdollisesta maailmasta. Se oli aika siilimäistä. Onkohan se oikein realistista? Jaakko Hintikkaa sanottiin idealistixi kun sillä oli niitä monia. Hintikkaa ei hirveästi vaivannut oliko ne oikeasti olemassa, leikisti oikeasti, mitä väliä. Ize asiassa Barwise oli varmaan niistä oikeistolaisempi. In his last year, Barwise was invited to give the 2000 Gödel Lecture; he died prior to the lecture.
ellauri158.html on line 495: It is unclear whether Newton read any of Spinoza´s works. However, two people with whom he was in close contact made substantial efforts to repudiate Spinozism directly: Henry More in The Confutation of Spinoza (More 1991) and Samuel Clarke in A Demonstration of the Being and Attributes of God: More Particularly in Answer to Mr. Hobbs, Spinoza and Their Followers. Sit oli vielä "Ralph" Cudworth ja joku "Colin" McLaughlin, kaikki Cambridgen platonisteja, siis jotain täys idiootteja, presumably, ja kaiken lisäxi varmaan vielä homoja. In the arguments on which I focus, More, Clarke, and Maclaurin aim to establish the existence of an immaterial and intelligent God precisely by showing that Spinoza does not have the resources to adequately explain the origin of motion. Sen jumala ei ollut kunnon priimuskaasulla toimiva käynnistysmoottori, pikemminkin joku auton alusta.
ellauri158.html on line 694: Hence also it follows, that everyone thought out for himself, according to his abilities, a different way of worshipping God, so that God might love him more than his fellows, and direct the whole course of nature for the satisfaction of his blind cupidity and insatiable avarice. Thus the prejudice developed into superstition, and took deep root in the human mind; and for this reason everyone strove most zealously to understand and explain the final causes of things; but in their endeavor to show that nature does nothing in vain, i.e. nothing which is useless to man, they only seem to have demonstrated that nature, the gods, and men are all mad together. Consider, I pray you, the result: among the many helps of nature they were bound to find some hindrances, such as storms, earthquakes, diseases, &c.: so they declared that such things happen, because the gods are angry at some wrong done to them by men, or at some fault committed in their worship. Experience day by day protested and showed by infinite examples, that good and evil fortunes fall to the lot of pious and impious alike; still they would not abandon their inveterate prejudice, for it was more easy for them to class such contradictions among other unknown things of whose use they were ignorant, and thus to retain their actual and innate condition of ignorance, than to destroy the whole fabric of their reasoning and start afresh. They therefore laid down as an axiom, that God´s judgments far transcend human understanding. Such a doctrine might well have sufficed to conceal the truth from the human race for all eternity, if mathematics had not furnished another standard of verity in considering solely the essence and properties of figures without regard to their final causes. There are other reasons (which I need not mention here) besides mathematics, which might have caused men´s minds to be directed to these general prejudices, and have led them to the knowledge of the truth.
ellauri159.html on line 565: There is no single document about the knightly code that lists all the virtues like this. It’s a modern interpretation of several documents that outline some kind of behavioral code for knights. Between 1170 and 1220 there were several documents outlining a code of conduct for knights but there wasn’t a decision made to use a single one. The overarching idea of these virtues was “chivalry”. Chivalry originated in the Holy Roman Empire from the idealization of the cavalryman. Military bravery, individual training, and service to others—especially in Francia, among horse soldiers in Charlemagne’s cavalry.
ellauri159.html on line 567: I’m aware that “knightly virtues” sounds a lot like a fedora wearing “nice guy”. If you go back in history, I don’t think you can deny that knights were pretty badass and nothing like the modern day “nice guy”. The difference is that a real knight was strong and powerful. A “nice guy” tries being nice because he is powerless. There is a big difference. Suggested post: A gentleman is not a “nice guy”
ellauri159.html on line 569: It’s almost like the knightly virtues are the ideal masculine character. And in my opinion these virtues are a good ideal to strive towards. This is something to keep in mind. This code wasn’t meant for everyone. It’s for soldiers on horses, you know, knights… This combination of virtues is supposed to be the best possible behavior of a knight, a soldier, a fighting man. There is no mention of women and children anywhere. Naiset ja lapset ja homot ruikulikakat älkööt vaivautuko. Tää on kovien poikien leikkiä.
ellauri159.html on line 654: Each of you should look to your own interests, but also to the interests of others. Your attitude should be the same as that of Christ Jesus, who was nothing much as such.
ellauri159.html on line 657: The word used to translate the Greek word agape in most modern English Bibles is love, but in many older translations, agape was translated as “charity” when it was used in a context of one person to another. In a biblical context, this term should not be mistaken for the more modern use of the word to mean only giving to those in need (i.e., “giving to charity”), although this can be a substantial part of what’s meant by the word. A more encompassing definition of the word charity, at least in the context of a modern-day knight, would be to be charitable (or giving) to the rich as well, or even primarily.
ellauri159.html on line 703: Hospitality simply means going out of your way to cater for putative angels, e.g by hosting meals, etc.). While not as seemingly glorious as other knightly traits like strength, honor, and gallantry, hospitality ranks as one of the key traits of knighthood. We need to do the same for others, particularly for those in the family of believers (Galatians 6:10). LOL this was clearly written by a family member.
ellauri159.html on line 718: The knightly trait of gratitude includes both being grateful in diverse circumstances as well as expressing gratitude to God (cheap) and other good guys (more expensive). Toward the latter part of the medieval knight era (the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries), many knights acquired wealth and power and developed relationships with royalty. This wealth and friendship with the king’s court brought feasting and abundance in many ways. In fact, part of a squire’s training as a knight was "learning how to serve his Lord at meals and kick out the beggars". Nihti osoitti näin kiitollisuutta kinkulle, ja kinkku oli kiitollinen sille. Kaikki olivat kiitollisia. Ne ainakin joista oli väliä.
ellauri159.html on line 748: While the prevailing view among anthropologists was long that hunter/gatherer tribes were very peaceful — bucolic, noble savages — many modern researchers like Wrangham, Napoleon Chagnon, and Steven Pinker convincingly argue that just the opposite is true. Amongst premodern peoples who lived in proximity to neighboring tribes, there is strong evidence that conflict was in fact continual and quite bloody. Primitive human males literally aped their ancestors — forming small gangs, competing for status, and fiercely maintaining boundaries. In the few tribes that did allow women to take part in raiding parties, just like as with the chimpanzees, typically only one or two childless women would choose to come along.
ellauri159.html on line 763: The first job of men in dire times has always been to establish and secure “the perimeter.” Donovan argues that the way of men is the way of the gang, because when placed in a harsh environment, men will quickly make the logical calculation that they have a much better chance of surviving if they band together than if they each try to go it alone. For some folks, “gang” is a word weighted with negative connotations, so substitute “posse” or “platoon” or whatever else if you must. The important thing to realize is that the small, tightly-knit honor group was the basic male social unit for eons. The myth of the uber-manly lone wolf is just that. With few exceptions, men have always fought and hunted together. Cowboys banded together, pioneers banded together, and Rambo wouldn’t have actually stood a chance against either gang.
ellauri159.html on line 802: Christopher John Penrice Booker (7 October 1937 – 3 July 2019) was an English journalist and author.
ellauri159.html on line 803: In 2004, he published The Seven Basic Plots: Why We Tell Stories, a Jungian-influenced analysis of stories andń their psychological meaning, on which he had been working for over 30 years. The book was dismissed by Adam Mars-Jones, who objected to Booker employing his generalisations about conventional plot structures prescriptively: "He sets up criteria for art, and ends up condemning Rigoletto, The Cherry Orchard, Wagner, Proust, Joyce, Kafka and Lawrence – the list goes on – while praising Crocodile Dundee, ET and Terminator 2".
ellauri159.html on line 859: oWhen I was just a lad of ten, my father said to me, I´m sitting here in the boring room
ellauri159.html on line 861: "Don´t put your faith in love, my boy", my father said to me, I´m wasting my time
ellauri159.html on line 894: For those of you who are not familiar with Myers-Briggs or the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator), it is a personality profiling system based on Jung’s typological theory that was developed by Katherine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers. In the Myers-Briggs typology system, there are sixteen personality types consisting of four letters: E for extrovert or I for introvert, S for sensor or N for intuitive, T for thinker or F for feeler, and P for perceiver or J for judger. Psychologist David Keirsey later sorted these types into four temperaments. You can read more about Myers-Briggs here and find books about it here. Myers-Briggs typology can offer a lot of insight into how someone thinks, and in the case of an author, how someone writes.
ellauri159.html on line 1141: You Want your writing to serve a practical purpose, such as explaining how to solve a problem. You tend to be a good troubleshooter (actually, a good troublemaker and sharpshooter too) with broad, specific knowledge that they can apply in high-pressure situations. Choose topics that allow you to draw on this ability. Then, jot down your ideas while conducting your research, rather than writing in your head. That´s way too hard, it´s like shooting with blanks. This will help you focus your ideas early so you don’t waste time gathering extraneous information.
ellauri159.html on line 1187: You are motivated by a desire for completion and can become impatient if you feel your students are progressing too slowly. Don’t waste time in the beginning trying to craft a graceful expression on your face; your students know you. Let your ideas flow, then polish during intermission. Accept that teaching is a process, so you may not get immediate results. Don’t rush through the final stages; include facts that support personal stories or observations, or borrow stories from the Divine Teacher, the Bible is full of them.
ellauri159.html on line 1199: When you strive for eloquence, avoid wasting time polishing an early draft or searching too long for the exact word. Instead, get your ideas down. Don’t be afraid to use clichés—wait until the revision stage to fix problems. There’s no point in perfecting something that may get cut later. Anyway, clichés are fine. We use them all the time.
ellauri159.html on line 1201: You enjoy colorful and figurative language, and like to infuse your work with images of your personal underware. At the same time, however, your writing may be too abstract for their readers, they want to see you inside them. During revision, add concrete details. In creative writing, appeal to the five senses and the 9 mortal sins. In freelance writing, include specifics like percentages and dollar amounts to get the audience´s attention. In technical writing, find out whether the customer needs to use a flat-head or a cross-head screwdriver (our dishwasher installer guys did not have a flathead anymore, I had to loan them one), and what the recommended torque is. These may be boring details to you, but they’re essential for your male reader. Wrong head, no screw.
ellauri159.html on line 1335: Pure-blood supremacy was the belief that wizards and witches whose family had not married any Muggles or Muggle-borns were inherently biologically superior to wizards and witches who had done so. Proponents of this ideology typically regarded Muggle-born wizards as impure, unworthy of possessing magical ability, and often actively discriminated against them.
ellauri159.html on line 1341: Benjamin Paul Blood (November 21, 1832 – January 15, 1919) was an American philosopher and poet.
ellauri159.html on line 1343: He was born in Amsterdam, New York. His father, John Blood, was a prosperous landowner. Blood was known as an intelligent man but an unfocused one. He described himself:
ellauri159.html on line 1345: I was born here in Amsterdam. My father was a land holder of 700 acres [2.8 km²] here, adjoining the city on both sides of the river, and lived, as I now live, in a large brick house on the south bank of the Mohawk visible as you enter Amsterdam from the east. I was his only child, and went a good deal my own way. I ran to machinery, by fancy; patented among other devices a swathing reaper which is very successful. I was of loose and wandering ways. And was a successful gambler through the Tweed regime -- made "bar'ls" of money, and threw it away. I was a fancy gymnast also, and have had some heavy fights, notable one of forty minutes with Ed. Mullett, whom I left senseless. This was mere fancy. I never lifted an angry hand against man, woman or child -- all fun -- for me. ....I do farming in a way, but am much idle. I have been a sort of pet of the city, and think I should be missed. In a large vote taken by one of the daily papers here a month or so ago as to who were the 12 leading citizens, I was 6th in the 12, and sole in my class. So you see, if Sparta has many a worthier son, I am still boss in the department I prefer.
ellauri159.html on line 1347: Blood did indeed patent a swathing reaper along with other patents, and wrote prolifically, but the larger portion of his writing consisted of letters, either to local newspapers or to friends such as James Hutchison Stirling, Alfred Tennyson and William James (the above quote was from a letter to James). H. M. Kallen wrote of Blood:
ellauri159.html on line 1349: He was born in 1832 and lived for eighty-six years. During that time he wrote much, but unsystematically. His favorite form of publication was letters to newspapers, mainly local newspapers with a small circulation. These letters dealt with an astonishing diversity of subjects, from local petty politics or the tricks of spiritualist mediums to principles of industry and finance and profundities of metaphysics.
ellauri159.html on line 1351: Early books included The Philosophy of Justice Between God and Man (1851) and Optimism: The Lesson of Ages (1860), a Christian mystical vision of the pursuit of happiness from Blood´s distinctly American perspective; on the title page of the book, Blood described it as "A compendium of democratic theology, designed to illustrate necessities whereby all things are as they are, and to reconcile the discontents of men with the perfect love and power of ever-present God." During his lifetime he was best known for his poetry, which included The Bride of the Iconoclast, Justice, and The Colonnades. According to Christopher Nelson, Blood was a direct influence on William James´ The Varieties of Religious Experience as well on James´s concept of Sciousness, prime reality consciousness without a sense of self.
ellauri159.html on line 1357: Blood died in Amsterdam, New York. His final work, Pluriverse, was published posthumously. The morale of his most famous interminable poem was this:
ellauri159.html on line 1377: Or was´t a rain man´s gift, and shall for both go hard.
ellauri160.html on line 45: My hair had hardly covered my forehead. While my hair was still cut straight across my forehead
ellauri160.html on line 46: I was picking flowers, playing by my door, I played about the front gate, pulling flowers.
ellauri160.html on line 59: ...Then when I was sixteen, you left on a long journey At sixteen you departed
ellauri160.html on line 122: Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (30 October 1885 – 1 November 1972), modernin ajan Li Bai, was an expatriate American poet and critic, a major figure in the early modernist poetry movement, and a fascist collaborator in Italy during World War II. His works include Ripostes (1912), Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (1920), and his 800-page epic poem, The Cantos (c. 1917–1962). Hizi noi cantothan on selvä kokoelma paasauxia!
ellauri160.html on line 124: Pound was born in 1885 in a two-story cupboard house in Hailey, Idaho Territory, the only child of Homer Loomis Pound (1858–1942) and Isabel Weston (1860–1948), who married in 1884. Homer had worked in Hailey since 1883 as registrar of the General Land Office. Pound's grandfather, Thaddeus Coleman Pound, a Republican Congressman and the 10th Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin, had secured him the appointment. Homer had previously worked for Thaddeus in the lumber business.
ellauri160.html on line 126: Both sides of Pound's family emigrated from England in the 17th century. On his father's side, the immigrant ancestor was John Pound, a Quaker who arrived from England around 1650. Ezra's paternal grandmother, Susan Angevine Loomis, married Thaddeus Coleman Pound. On his mother's side, Pound was descended from William Wadsworth, a Puritan who emigrated to Boston on the Lion in 1632. Captain Joseph Wadsworth helped to write the Connecticut constitution. The Wadsworths married into the Westons of New York; Harding Weston and Mary Parker were Pound's maternal grandparents. After serving in the military, Harding remained unemployed, so his brother Ezra Weston and Ezra's wife, Frances Amelia Wessells Freer (Aunt Frank), helped to look after Isabel, Pound's mother. No oliko Pound sitten sukua myös Henry "setelitukun väärti" Longfellowille? Varmaan niin.
ellauri160.html on line 128: Pound's education began in dame schools: Miss Elliott's school in Jenkintown in 1892 and the Heathcock family's Chelten Hills School in Wyncote in 1893. Known as "Ra" (pronounced "Ray"), he attended Wyncote Public School from September 1894. His first publication was on 7 November 1896 in the Jenkintown Times-Chronicle ("by E. L. Pound, Wyncote, aged 11 years"), a limerick about William Jennings Bryan, who had just lost the 1896 presidential election.
ellauri160.html on line 130: In 1897, aged 12, he transferred to Cheltenham Military Academy (CMA), where he wore an American Civil War-style uniform and was taught drilling and how to shoot. The following year he made his first trip overseas, a three-month tour with his mother and Aunt Frank, who took him to England, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, and Morocco. He attended CMA until 1900, at times as a boarder, but it seems he did not graduate.
ellauri160.html on line 132: In 1901 Pound was admitted, aged 15, to the University of Pennsylvania's College of Liberal Arts. Years later he said his aim was to avoid drill at the military academy. His one distinction in first year was in geometry, but otherwise his grades were mostly poor, including in Latin, his major; he achieved a B in English composition and a pass in English literature. In his second year he switched from the degree course to "non-degree special student status", he said "to avoid irrelevant subjects". He was not elected to a fraternity at Penn, but it seemed not to bother him.
ellauri160.html on line 134: He took courses in English in 1907, where he fell out with just about everyone, including the department head, Felix Schelling, with silly remarks during lectures and by winding an enormous tin watch very slowly while Schelling spoke. In the spring of 1907 he learned that his fellowship would not be renewed. Schelling told him he was wasting everyone's time, and he left without finishing his doctorate.
ellauri160.html on line 136: From September 1907 Pound taught French and Spanish at Wabash College, a Presbyterian college with 345 students in Crawfordsville, Indiana, which he called "the sixth circle of hell". Se oli Ezran Kouvola. One former student remembered him as a breath of fresh air; another said he was "exhibitionist, egotistic, self-centered and self-indulgent".
ellauri160.html on line 138: He was dismissed after a few months. Smoking was forbidden, but he would smoke cigarillos in his room in the same corridor as the president's office. He was asked to leave the college in January 1908 when his landladies, Ida and Belle Hall, found a woman in his room. Shocked at having been fired, he left for Europe soon after, sailing from New York in March on the RMS Slavonia.
ellauri160.html on line 145: At a literary salon in 1909, Pound met the novelist Olivia Shakespear and later at the Shakespears' home at 12 Brunswick Gardens, Kensington, was introduced to her daughter, Dorothy, who became Pound's wife in 1914. The critic Iris Barry described her as "carrying herself delicately with the air, always, of a young Victorian lady out skating, and a profile as clear and lovely as that of a porcelain Kuan-yin".
ellauri160.html on line 147: Through the Shakespears, he was introduced to the poet W. B. Yeats, Olivia Shakespear's former lover. He had already sent Yeats a copy of A Lume Spento, and Yeats had apparently found it "charming".
ellauri160.html on line 149: London found Pound amusing. The newspapers interviewed him, and he was mentioned in Punch magazine, which on 23 June 1909 described "Mr. Ezekiel Ton" as "the most remarkable thing in poetry since Robert Browning ... blending the imagery of the unfettered West, the vocabulary of Wardour Street, and the sinister abandon of Borgiac Italy". The phrase "Wardour Street English" denotes the use of near-obsolete words for effect, such as anent; this derives from the once great number of antique shops in the area. anent means about, concerning. Did you know?
ellauri160.html on line 153: In June 1910 Pound returned for eight months to the United States. Although he loved New York, he felt alienated by the commercialism and newcomers from Eastern and Southern Europe who were displacing the white Anglo-Saxon Protestants. The recently built New York Public Library Main Branch he found especially offensive. It was during this period that his antisemitism became apparent; he referred in Patria Mia to the "detestable qualities" of Jews.
ellauri160.html on line 155: After persuading his parents to finance his passage back to Europe, he sailed from New York on the R.M.S. Mauretania on 22 February 1911. It was nearly 30 years—April 1939—before he visited the U.S. again.
ellauri160.html on line 158: Ford Madox Ford (né Joseph Leopold Ford Hermann Madox Hueffer (/ˈhɛfər/ December 1873 – 26 June 1939) was an English novelist, poet, critic and editor whose journals The English Review and The Transatlantic Review were instrumental in the development of early 20th-century English and American literature.
ellauri160.html on line 160: In The Cantos, Possum is T. S. Eliot: "but the lot of 'em, Yeats, Possum and Wyndham / had no ground beneath 'em." In the New Age office in 1918, he also met C. H. Douglas, a British engineer who was developing his economic theory of social credit, which Pound found attractive. Douglas reportedly believed that Jews were a problem and needed to abandon a Messianic view of themselves as the "dominating race". According to Colin Holmes, the New Age itself published antisemitic material. It was within this environment, not in Italy, according to Tim Redman, that Pound first encountered antisemitic ideas about "usury". In Douglas's program," Pound had found his true muse: a blend of folkloric Celtic twilight with a paranoid hatred of the money economy and a dire suspicion about an ancient tent people's faith."
ellauri160.html on line 173: The New England poet Amy Lowell, who was to win the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1926, was apparently unhappy that only one of her poems had appeared in Des Imagistes. Ford Madox Hueffer announced that he had been an Imagiste long before Lowell and Pound, and that he doubted their qualifications.
ellauri160.html on line 176: H.D. and Aldington were moving away from Pound's understanding of Imagisme anyway, as he aligned himself with Lewis's ideas. Lowell agreed to finance an annual anthology of Imagiste poets, but she insisted on democracy; according to Aldington, she "proposed a Boston Tea Party for Ezra" and an end to his despotic rule. Upset at Lowell, Pound began to call Imagisme "Amygism"; he declared the movement dead and asked the group not to call themselves Imagistes. Not accepting that it was Pound's invention, they refused and Anglicized the term.
ellauri160.html on line 180: This was the first of three winters Pound and Yeats spent at Stone Cottage, including two with Dorothy after she and Ezra married in 1914. "Canto LXXXIII" records a visit: "so that I recalled the noise in the chimney / as it were the wind in the chimney / but was in reality Uncle William / downstairs composing / that had made a great Peeeeacock / in the proide ov his oiye."
ellauri160.html on line 182: Samuel Putnam knew Pound in Paris in the 1920s and described him as stubborn, contrary, cantankerous, bossy, touchy, and "devoid of humor"; he was "an American small-towner", in Putnam's view. His attitude caused him trouble in both London and Paris. English women, with their "preponderantly derivative" minds, were inferior to American women who had minds of their own, he wrote in the New Age. The English sense of what was right was based on respect for property, not morality. "Perched on the rotten shell of a crumbling empire", London had lost its energy. England's best authors—Conrad, Hudson, James, and Yeats—were not English. English writers and critics were ignorant, he wrote in 1913.
ellauri160.html on line 188: On 22 September 1914 T. S. Eliot traveled from Merton College, Oxford, with an introduction from Conrad Aiken, to have Pound read Eliot's unpublished "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock". Pound wrote to Harriet Monroe, editor of Poetry, on 30 September to say that Eliot—who was at Oxford on a fellowship from Harvard—had "sent in the best poem I have yet had or seen from an American ... He has actually trained himself and modernized himself on his own." Monroe did not like Prufrock's "very European world-weariness", according to Humphrey Carpenter, but she published it anyway, in June 1915.
ellauri160.html on line 196: Harriet Monroe, editor of Poetry, published a letter in April 1919 from a professor of Latin, W. G. Hale, who found "about three-score errors" in the text; he said Pound was "incredibly ignorant of Latin", that "much of what he makes his author say is unintelligible", and that "If Mr. Pound were a professor of Latin, there would be nothing left for him but suicide" (adding "I do not counsel this"). Pound replied to Monroe: "Cat-piss and porcupines!! The thing is no more a translation than my 'Altaforte' is a translation, or than Fitzgerald's Omar is a translation."
ellauri160.html on line 200: After the publication of Cathay, Pound mentioned that he was working on a long poem. He described it in September 1915 as a "cryselephantine poem of immeasurable length which will occupy me for the next four decades unless it becomes a bore".
ellauri160.html on line 203: In letters to his father in 1924 and 1927, Pound said The Cantos was like the medley of voices you hear when you turn the radio dial.
ellauri160.html on line 207: By 1919 Pound felt there was no reason to stay in England. He had "muffed his chances of becoming literary director of London—to which he undoubtedly aspired," Aldington wrote in 1941, "by his own enormous conceit, folly, and bad manners."
ellauri160.html on line 209: The Pounds settled in Paris around April 1921 and in December moved to an inexpensive ground-floor apartment at 70 bis Rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs. Pound became friendly with Marcel Duchamp, Fernand Léger, Tristan Tzara, and others of the Dada and Surrealist movements, as well as Basil Bunting. He was introduced to the American writer Gertrude Stein, who was living in Paris. She wrote years later that she liked him but did not find him amusing; he was "a village explainer, excellent if you were a village, but if you were not, not".
ellauri160.html on line 211: Hemingway, then aged 22, moved to Paris with his wife, Hadley Richardson, and letters of introduction from Sherwood Anderson. In February 1922 the Hemingways visited the Pounds for tea. Although Pound was 14 years older, the men became friends; Hemingway assumed the status of pupil and asked Pound to edit his short stories. Pound introduced him to his contacts, including Lewis, Ford, John Peale Bishop, Malcolm Cowley, and Derek Patmore, while Hemingway tried to teach Pound to box. Hemingway was a drinker, Ezra not.
ellauri160.html on line 213: Eliot sent Pound the manuscript of The Waste Land in 1922. Pound edited it with comments like "make up yr. mind", and reduced it by about half. Possum's dedication in The Waste Land was "For Ezra Pound / il miglior fabbro" (the "better craftsman"), from Canto 26 of Dante's Purgatorio.
ellauri160.html on line 219: Pound's contribution to poetry began in the early 20th century with his role in developing Imagism, a movement stressing precision and economy of language. Working in London as foreign editor of several American literary magazines, he helped discover and shape the work of contemporaries such as T. S. Eliot, Ernest Hemingway, and James Joyce. He was responsible for the 1914 serialization of Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, the 1915 publication of Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock", and the serialization from 1918 of Joyce's Ulysses. Hemingway wrote in 1932 that, for poets born in the late 19th or early 20th century, not to be influenced by Pound would be "like passing through a great blizzard and not feeling it's cold."
ellauri160.html on line 221: Angered by the carnage of World War I, Pound blamed the war on finance capitalism, which he called "usury". He was completely right. He moved to Italy in 1924 and through the 1930s and 1940s promoted an economic theory known as social credit, wrote for publications owned by the British fascist Sir Oswald Mosley, embraced Benito Mussolini's fascism, and expressed support for Adolf Hitler. During World War II and the Holocaust in Italy, he made hundreds of paid radio broadcasts for the Italian government, including in German-occupied Italy, attacking the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Great Britain, international finance, munitions makers and mongers, and Jews, among others, as causes, abettors and prolongers of the world war, as a result of which he was arrested in 1945 by American forces in Italy on charges of treason. He spent months in a U.S. military camp in Pisa, including three weeks in an outdoor steel cage. Deemed unfit to stand trial, he was incarcerated in St. Elizabeths psychiatric hospital in Washington, D.C., for over 12 years. Nothing has changed: this sounds precisely like the U.S. decades long persecution of Assange.
ellauri160.html on line 223: While in custody in Italy, Pound began work on sections of The Cantos that were published as The Pisan Cantos (1948), for which he was awarded the Bollingen Prize for Poetry in 1949 by the Library of Congress, causing enormous controversy. After a campaign by his fellow writers, he was released from St. Elizabeths in 1958 and lived in Italy until his death in 1972. His economic and political views have ensured that his life and work remain controversial. He is popular with the alt-right but his opinions about usury forever condemn him in the circles of New York money liberals.
ellauri160.html on line 314: Francis Fukuyama was born in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, United States. His paternal grandfather fled the Russo-Japanese War in 1905 and started a shop on the west coast before being interned in the Second World War. His father, Yoshio Fukuyama, a second-generation Japanese American, was trained as a minister in the Congregational Church, received a doctorate in sociology from the University of Chicago, and taught religious studies. His mother, Toshiko Kawata Fukuyama (河田敏子), was born in Kyoto, Japan, and was the daughter of Shiro Kawata (河田嗣郎), founder of the Economics Department of Kyoto University and first president of Osaka City University. Francis grew up in Manhattan as an only child, had little contact with Japanese culture, and did not learn Japanese.
ellauri160.html on line 478: ¹Avernus was an ancient name for a volcanic crater near Cumae (Cuma), Italy, in the region of Campania west of Naples. Part of the Phlegraean Fields of volcanoes, Avernus is approximately 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) in circumference. Within the crater is Lake Avernus (Lago d´Averno). Vittuako noi anglosaxit aina sotkee jotain Vergiliusta kreikkalaiseen antiikkiin. Ne on moukkia.
ellauri160.html on line 585: The most outstanding is Lilith, a well-known succubus in Jewish texts. The Babylonian Jewish Lilith is a combination of two female Sumerian demons: Lamashtu, who specialized in strangling women and infant during births and Ardat-Lili, whose specialty was the seduction and murder of young men. Lilith, then, both endangers mothers and infants and seduces men and in the bowls that depict her attributes both female demons can be found.
ellauri160.html on line 635: In Talmudic-midrashic literature, Naamah is indistinguishable from the human Naamah, who earned her name by seducing men through her play of cymbals. She also enticed the angel Shamdon or Shomron and bore Ashmodai, the king of devils. It was later, in Kabbalistic literature like the Zohar, that she became an inhuman spirit. Kun John oli pieni ja sen vaippa oli täynnä, se tuli ja työnsi sen nukkuvien naamaan sanoen "istuu naamalle." Voi saatana. Aika epäinhimillistä.
ellauri160.html on line 649: In a Kabbalistic treatise by Nathan Spira (died in 1662), it is explained that Mahlat was daughter to Ishmael and his wife, who was herself daughter of Egyptian sorcerer Kasdiel. Mother and daughter were exiled to the desert, where the demon Igrathiel mated with Mahlat and engendered Agrat or Igrat. Mahlat later became Esau's wife.
ellauri160.html on line 652: Some authors, such as Donald Tyson, refer to them as manifestations of Lilith. In additions to being manifestations of the first Lilitu known as Lilith, Agrat and her sisters are indeed Lilith´s children she had while she was in Lilitu form and Agrat is humanoid/demonoid entity that came from Lilith when she was in her Lilitu form known as a Lilin.
ellauri160.html on line 796: Every two weeks, Stammtisch, the Meet-Up group for German speakers, gets together in various bars and restaurants all over the greater Philadelphia area. At their first meeting after New Year’s, the big topic was Lauri Wylie’s Dinner for One, the short TV adaptation of his quintessential British one-act comedy with a huge international cult following—except Britain and the US.
ellauri160.html on line 806: It is really sweet that Germans and others have adopted something and that this sketch is special for them. I respect that and don’t doubt for a second the genuine love and admiration some have for Dinner for One. But I am really surprised to see Monty Python compared with Dinner for One. I have to say it was painful to sit through. Painfully, painfully bad and unfunny. That’s why it has never caught on in Britain. I suppose we must have a very different sense of humour to that of Scandinavia and the German-speaking countries. We don’t consider it funny if someone falls over something. There’s nothing subtle or clever or nuanced about it (Rowan Atkinson’s absurdist physical comedy went down so well due to its complexity, think of the sketch where Mr. Bean makes the sandwich on the park bench and it gets progressively more and more absurd, he gets the fish out of water and slaps it against the bench to kill it before eating it, etc. now that is funny, and food fights in general). It’s not funny the first time the butler falls over the tiger-skin rug and it gets progressively more and more irritating each time he does it. You can spot the punchline a mile off and so the end of the sketch falls very flat. It’s nothing whatever to do with the length of the sketch or its obscurity or difficulty finding it: people still seek out all the comic greats on Youtube, like that fat man watsisname, or Charlie Chaplin who bravely made fun of your Hitler.
ellauri161.html on line 103: Adoptionism, also called dynamic monarchianism, is an early Christian nontrinitarian theological doctrine, which holds that Jesus was adopted as the Son of God at his baptism, his resurrection, or his ascension. Under adoptionism Jesus is currently divine and has been since his adoption, although he is not equal to the Father, per "my Father is greater than I" and as such is a kind of subordinationism. Adoptionism is sometimes, but not always, related to denial of the virgin birth of Jesus. The other early Christology is "high Christology," which is "the view that Jesus was a pre-existent divine being who became a human, did the Father’s will on earth, and then was taken back up into heaven whence he had originally come," and from where he appeared on earth.
ellauri161.html on line 105: Monothelitism, or monotheletism (from Greek: μονοθελητισμός, romanized: monothelētismós, lit. 'doctrine of one will'), is a theological doctrine in Christianity, that holds Christ as having only one utility function. The doctrine is thus contrary to dyothelitism, a Christological doctrine that holds Christ as having two wills (divine and human). Historically, monothelitism was closely related to monoenergism, a theological doctrine that holds Jesus Christ as having only one strategy set. Both doctrines were at the center of Christological disputes during the 7th century.
ellauri161.html on line 109: Council of Nicaea (AD 324) -- was called by Constantine to consider and, if possible, settle the ARIAN heresy. It gave the church the first great ecumenical creed.
ellauri161.html on line 113: The Council of Ephesus (AD 431) -- was presided over by Cyril, Bishop of Alexandria, and was called to deal with NESTORIANISM.
ellauri161.html on line 117: Second Council of Constantinople (AD 680) -- was called by the Emperor Constantine Pogonatus, and was directed against MONOTHELITISM.
ellauri161.html on line 119: Frankford Synod (AD 794) -- was called by Charlemagne and at it, ADOPTIONISM was condemned.
ellauri161.html on line 472: The Chicxulub asteroid Jennifer Lawrence's character mentions hit Earth 66 million years ago in what is now Mexico. The estimated size of the asteroid was 10 kilometers wide (six miles) and resulted in 75% of all life on the planet dying. Known as the dinosaur killer, the asteroid left a crater estimated to be 150 kilometers (93 miles) in diameter and 20 kilometers (12 miles) in depth.
ellauri161.html on line 474: There was one detail that I think McKay got completely wrong. There is no chance in hell the president of the United States would make a public speech and use metric units like kilometers in it.
ellauri161.html on line 487: I understand why some people hate this film. It feels real in its entirety, it shows you how stupid and insignificant we are and it is extremely apropos today. Also, it was marketed as a comedy, when in fact is a dramatic film that is humorous only in its accurate portrayal of humanity. Then again some people try to "tell you" what it is about and, while it is certainly metaphoric, it isn't about anything more specific than ourselves. It is a mirror. Some people don't like what they see in it.
ellauri161.html on line 489: I found it an almost perfect film, with some deliciously carefully crafted moments and great acting. At first I thought the comedic side was actually too much and wished that someone like Steven Soderbergh made the movie instead, but as I was watching it I started to appreciate how methodical the approach was and now I believe Adam McKay was the right man for the job. I enjoyed the overall plot, I liked the characters and how things were presented, but I loved the little things like, for example, the only scene where Europe is mentioned, as a short scene of a news item when they say they are going to convene and find their own solution, resulting in absolutely nothing. I am European and sad to say it struck home. Or the meal scene at the end, which is both emotional, focusing (= religious) and reminding us how even that option can be taken away by something as small as a virus.
ellauri161.html on line 491: Annoyingly, in these days movies from the U. S. are becoming more and more of "a color". They are not telling a story, but are taking a side. They are either democrat or republican, conservative or liberal, blue or red, flyover or coast. Don't Look Up is not a big offender, but the language and presentation was clearly on the "coast" side. Thus, it will be probably appreciated by people who already saw the world this way and ignored or at best maligned by the people on the other side. And it's a pity, because this film is meant to bring us together as a civilization and not keep us divided. I feel like it could have done a better job in that direction.
ellauri161.html on line 493: Initially then I wasn't really overly hooked on watching the 2021 movie "Don't Look Up" since I wasn't really won over by the movie's synopsis. Granted, I hadn't checked out the movie's trailer, so I wasn't really sure what I would be in for here. But as friends started to praise the movie, I opted to sit down and watch it.
ellauri161.html on line 494: Now, one friend said that "Don't Look Up" was a masterpiece. Well, I wouldn't go as far as to calling it a masterpiece. Sure, "Don't Look Up" was a watchable movie, and writers Adam McKay and David Sirota definitely had some good jabs at the crazy world we live in today, with the likes of a crazy president, everything being on social media, people being concerned about riches even when facing extinction and such. I found the movie to be watchable and enjoyable, sure, but it wasn't a masterpiece, nor will it become a classic movie for me.
ellauri161.html on line 496: The comedy used in "Don't Look Up", as written by Adam McKay and David Sirota wasn't really something that had me laughing. Sure, I could see the jabs at society and the ridiculing of certain aspects of the society and world we live in today, but it didn't make me laugh.
ellauri161.html on line 511: Before Covid, former Saturday Night live head writer Adam McKay had already written his smug doomsday satire Don't Look Up based on the usual liberal tropes. Chief among them was the old progressive rant linking those on the right to a predatory elite consisting of a group who were referred to as, in the parlance of days gone by, "robber barons."
ellauri161.html on line 514: If the super-rich were the main objects of McKay's wrath, he also was determined to get his digs in at some less important adversaries including climate change deniers along with all the vacuous adherents of addictive social media platforms.
ellauri161.html on line 515: But something happened in 2016 that set the wheels in motion to eventually cause McKay to change the focus of the Don't Look Up script. And that was the humiliating victory of businessman Donald Trump in the presidential election--a man with no political experience--over the left's heir apparent, Hillary Clinton.
ellauri161.html on line 517: The left was utterly ruined by Donald Trump's victory and it looked like they would never recover until a Savior came along and resurrected the once proud party who championed the "little guy." And that Savoir of course was mainstream orthodox medical science.
ellauri161.html on line 519: Climate change was hardly the issue that was going to get the Democratic party out of the mess it was in until "science" easily outplayed the unsophisticated Trump who had no idea how to cope with such an incredibly powerful and clever juggernaut.
ellauri161.html on line 566: This movie is devoid of hope. There is no optimism in Don’t Look Up. Yes, it deserves comparison to Stanley Kubrick’s Dr. Strangelove, because it pulls laughs out of the fact that the human race is on a crash course with destruction. In Don’t Look Up, the technology has multiplied and advanced, but the message is the same as it was when Slim Pickens rode that bomb to the doomed ground in Strangelove: Humans are messing up big-time, in a manner that is so egregious you just have to laugh at it … to prevent yourself from going insane. The situation is hopeless but not serious.
ellauri161.html on line 568: Kate Blanchett was way the dullest character on the cast. All silicon, no AI. No interest whatsoever, human or otherwise. Dr Strangelove was a lot worse satire than this. The problem with Kubrik was that he had a villain, while the real world has not just one- rather, there are 7 billion of them.
ellauri161.html on line 584: A lady critic: His approach to comedy and my ability to enjoy his work as a director began to diverge when he had a sequence about bailouts and crony capitalism tacked on to another otherwise funny film. That was tasteless. The problem was McKay seemed to find entertainment and real-world issues to be fundamentally separate, deploying one in hopes of getting eyes on the other. While all we droopy lips know that they are part of one and the same entertainment scene!
ellauri161.html on line 601: General Buck Turgidson knockoff (played by an unsmiling Ron Perlman) illustrates how far wide he misses the mark. By exaggerating certain aspects of human behavior, Don’t Look Up takes cynicism to a level that is not only excessive but doesn’t make for a story that’s either compelling or entertaining. During the course of watching Don’t Look Up, the only emotion I experienced was frustration – frustration that the movie could waste so much talent in the service of something so underwhelming. In other words, I could not laugh at all because the laugh was on me.
ellauri161.html on line 625: This might be less damaging if those cartoons were funny, or if the overall story was compelling, but neither is the case.
ellauri161.html on line 671: For the majority of the film (not Talladega, the new one), we’re bouncing from one republican caricature to the next. Streep is a female version of Donald Trump. Jonah Hill is a fratty version of Donald Trump Jr. Mark Rylance is a right-wing version of Tim Cook. (What a joke, he's way too poor.) And Ron Perlman is a red-eyed version of General Turgidson. When General Turgidson wonders aloud what kind of name "Strangelove" is, saying to Mr. Staines (Jack Creley) that it is not a "Kraut name", Staines responds that Strangelove's original German surname was Merkwürdigliebe ("Strange love" in German) and that "he changed it when he became a citizen". A kike anyway, by the name.
ellauri161.html on line 682: Very unfortunate watch. Only reason I kept watching was the hope of it getting better. Though I was let down. This was a movie gone bad.
ellauri161.html on line 688: Not sure where all these positive reviews are coming from - I thought it was a rather boring film, lacking in plot and failing on many levels to keep me interested. I found this film did nothing to compliment Meryl Streep's talent. It just kinda dragged on. Great cast wasted on a bad script and mediocre directing.
ellauri161.html on line 694: This was terrible. I regret waisted time.
ellauri161.html on line 697: Absolutely terrible. Stupidest movie with and even stupider ending. Just was boring. Wasn't even funny when it tried.
ellauri161.html on line 701: No idea what they were trying to do here. Couldn't even get through it. Basically had the plot of Armageddon but wasn't a spoof, guess they were going for a comedy but it wasn't funny at all. Just very Hollywood and very odd. Don't waste your time.
ellauri161.html on line 704: Came in with low expectations, and it didn't even meet them. Started relatively average (for a disaster movie) and when down from there. The biggest disaster is that this steaming pile was made,
ellauri161.html on line 707: Annoyingly bad. I suppose this might appeal to those who like their humor and satire delivered like a sledge hammer to the head, but if you prefer a more subtle approach, this is not for you. Added to this are the ludicrously exaggerated characters that are so bad that they are laughable, but in the wrong way. The DiCaprio character is just plain irritating. After 20 minutes of this film, I was just wishing the comet would arrive much earlier than anticipated.
ellauri161.html on line 709: Almost like it was produced to be stupid? The president and other characters are like laughing the whole time while experts are giving them info it’s like a bad satire not good at all.
ellauri161.html on line 728: It wasn't funny. Too obviously a jab at the Trump admin, trying too hard, fell flat
ellauri161.html on line 737: This was a waste of 2 and a half hours of my life. How they got at least 4 academy award winners to make this steaming pile of crap shocks me. Would have rather had major dental work done than watch this movie.
ellauri161.html on line 740: I literally couldn't stay awake. I started it twice, and fell asleep both times. I looked up the ending, and from my interpretation of what the movie was supposed to show (how global warming is not being addressed by our current politicians), I think my nap was more productive than staying awake to watch this.
ellauri161.html on line 775: Predictable and boring. Didn´t laugh once the entire movie. The only character I enjoyed was Dr. Oglethorpe w/wig.
ellauri161.html on line 778: This movie is supposed to be satire but the jokes are just so awful. I remember when liberals actually were funny, and men like Jon Stewart were hysterical. Whoever wtote this steaming pile needs to go back and learn. The dialogue was ridiculous, the plot was a thin veil for climate change but just fell flat. Its just not worth watching when there are so many better shows out there to watch instead.
ellauri161.html on line 787: This movie was atrocious and not even remotely funny. Poorly made and tacky.
ellauri161.html on line 990: Bloy was noted for personal attacks, but he saw them as the mercy or indignation of God. He acquired a reputation for bigotry because of his frequent outbursts of temper. Soon, Bloy could count such prestigious authors as Émile Zola, Guy de Maupassant, Ernest Renan, and Anatole France as his enemies. Bloy is quoted in the epigraph at the beginning of Graham Greene´s novel The End of the Affair, though Greene claimed that "this irate man lacked creative instinct." Bloy is also quoted at the beginning of John Irving´s A Prayer for Owen Meany, another turd. Some pope quoted him, yet another turd.
ellauri161.html on line 1085: Ruysbroeck (Or Rusbroek), Jean De, the most noted of mystics in the Netherlands, was born in A.D. 1293 at Ruysbroeck no less, near Brussels, and was educated in the latter city under the direction of an Augustinian prebendary who was his relative. His fondness for solitude and day dreams prevented him from making solid progress, however. His Latin was imperfect, though it is clear that he became acquainted with the earlier mystical writings. He probably did not read the writings of Neo-Platonists, but was certainly not unacquainted with those of the Areopagite.
ellauri161.html on line 1092: His (Mainion) works suggest the thought that the writings of master Eckart (died 1328), with whom Ruysbroeck was contemporary for thirty-five years, exercised influence over our author´s mind. Melkein maisteri Eckartille kävi köpelösti loppupeleissä. Ruisbroeck became vicar of the Church of St. Gudula at Brussels, where he lived in strict asceticism, enjoying the society of persons who had devoted themselves to a contemplative life, composing books and exercising benevolence. Jahas uusi päivä, uusi suopeus. He contended against the sins of the day, and labored to promote reforms. It is said that Tauler once visited him, attracted by the fame of his sanctity.
ellauri161.html on line 1098: At the age of sixty he (Mainio) renounced the secular priesthood and entered the new Augustinian convent Gronendal, in the forest of Soigny, near Brussels, becoming its first prior, and there he died in 1381. His life at once became the subject of legendary tales. The name Doctor Ecstaticus was early conferred on him.
ellauri161.html on line 1104: Ruysbroeck was constantly desirous of preserving the distinction between the uncreated and created spirits. In the unifying of the soul with God he does not assert an identification of personality, but merely a cessation of the difference in thought and desire, and a giving up of the independence of the creature. His language was often so strong, however, and his thought often so sublimated, that more cautious thinkers found serious cause to charge his writings with pantheism. This was true of Gerson (Opp. vol. 1, pt. 1, p. 59 sq.).
ellauri161.html on line 1112: Few mystics have ascended to the empyrean where Ruysbroeck so constantly dwelt; and the endeavor to compress into forms of speech the visions seen in a state where all clear and real apprehension is at an end occasioned the fault of indefiniteness with which his writings must be charged. His influence over theological and philosophical thought was not so great as that exercised by Eckart and Tauler, and was chiefly limited to his immediate surroundings. The Brotherhood of the Common Life (q.v.) was founded by Gerhard Groot, one of Ruysbroeck´s pupils, and its first inception may perhaps be traced back to Ruysbroeck himself — a proof that he was not wholly indifferent to the conditions of practical life.
ellauri161.html on line 1137: So what was the point? I say as disappointedly as the Korean ladies listening to a reading of Goethe's Werther's Leiden. What? He shot himself? So he never got to shag the woman of his heart? What a drag. And threw the rookie historian out on her ear.
ellauri162.html on line 104: Louis Émile Clément Georges Bernanos (French: [ʒɔʁʒ bɛʁnanɔs]; 20 February 1888 – 5 July 1948) was a French author, and a soldier in World War I. A Roman Catholic with monarchist leanings, he was critical of elitist thought and was opposed to what he identified as defeatism. He believed this had led to France´s defeat and eventual occupation by Germany in 1940 during World War II. His two major novels "Sous le soleil de Satan" (1926) and the "Journal d’un curé de campagne" (1936) both revolve around a parish priest who combats evil and despair in the world. Most of his novels have been translated into English and frequently published in both Great Britain and the United States.
ellauri162.html on line 110: Bernanos was born in Paris, into a family of craftsmen. He spent much of his childhood in the village of Fressin, Pas-de-Calais region, which became a frequent setting for his novels. He served in the First World War as a soldier, where he fought in the battles of the Somme and Verdun. He was wounded several times.
ellauri162.html on line 195: - You know i thought the point of that story was to uplift people. Why on Earth would you want one to do just the oppisite.
ellauri162.html on line 545: The "Carmen apologeticum" has a misleading title, thanks to Pitra, its first editor (1852) who was a moron.
ellauri162.html on line 630: He was Professor (Full) April 2014 - December 2014.
ellauri162.html on line 691: Pope Leo XIII, 1891, wrote the encyclical Rerum Novarum as the industrial revolution and political change swept across Europe. The relationship between employers and employees was changing dramatically. Individuals had become wealthy, but most remained poor even though they worked hard. Pope Leo XIII´s encyclical spoke of the condition of the working classes during a time when many advocated revolution.
ellauri162.html on line 693: The Church recognizes that the lack of workers union contributed to an unjust situation where many work in conditions little better than slavery. One solution proposed by socialists was to eliminate private property altogether. Pope Leo XIII dismisses this solution because "every man has by nature the right to possess property as his own." He also notes that "the impelling reason and motive of his work is to obtain property." Instead of helping the working class, the elimination of private property would only hurt those it was intended to benefit.
ellauri162.html on line 770: He runs one of the most popular atheist blogs on the Internet, called Pharyngula (a stage of the embryonic development of vertebrates). Nielunen. The website is notable for its over-the-top vituperation. Myers also has a flair for attention-getting stunts, like piercing a consecrated host with a rusty nail. In 2009, Myers was named “Humanist of the Year” by the American Humanist Association.
ellauri162.html on line 787: Apollinarism or Apollinarianism is a Christological heresy proposed by Apollinaris of Laodicea (died 390) that argues that Jesus had a human body and sensitive human soul, but a divine mind and not a human rational mind, the Divine Logos taking the place of the latter. It was deemed heretical in 381 and virtually died out within the following decades. But now it's back! I'll be back said Apollinaris at the end of Season I.
ellauri162.html on line 814: The concept of a highly conserved ontogeny dates back to 1828 and the work by Karl von Baer. Baer´s work was cited by Charles Darwin and used in support of his Theory of Evolution. The concept was made famous though by Ernst Haeckel in 1874 with the publication of his drawings of the conserved stage. Haeckel was mainly pushing the concept of recapitulation in which he hypothesized that ontological development repeated the evolutionary steps of the organism. Recapitulation has since been discredited and is not accepted by any modern biologist. Haeckel has been accused of falsifying his embryonic drawings, most notably by Jonathan Wells in his book Icons of Evolution. Some biology text books used Haeckel´s drawings for many years after it was known they were faked. However, most modern biology textbooks only use them now for historical reference and actual photos of embryos are used to discuss the pharyngula stage.
ellauri162.html on line 820: More importantly, Pharyngula can also refer to a blog written and posted by P.Z. Myers. See Pharyngula (blog). Pharyngula is a blog by atheist and evolutionist PZ Myers, who is a biologist and associate professor at the University of Minnesota, Morris. Pharyngula was hosted 2005-2011 at Scienceblogs in full, and 2011-present, in part. Since 2011, Pharyngula has been hosted at Freethought Blogs. The atheist biologist Massimo Pigliucci said of Myers and his blog audience, "one cannot conclude this parade without mentioning P.Z. Myers, who has risen to fame because of a blog where the level of nastiness (both by the host and by his readers) is rarely matched anywhere else on the Internet...".
ellauri162.html on line 824: A somewhat similar report was made concerning the audience of Richard Dawkins´s web community. In February of 2010, the news organization The Telegraph reported that the atheist and evolutionist Richard Dawkins was embroiled "in a bitter online battle over plans to rid his popular internet forum for atheists of foul language, insults and 'frivolous gossip'." In addition, Richard Dawkins has a reputation for being abrasive.
ellauri162.html on line 828: PZ Myers' caustic blog post on the death of Robin Williams See: PZ Myers on the death of Robin Williams (n.h.). Myers was angry because he felt that the news of Robins Williams death was crowding out the news story of the African-American Michael Brown who was shot by a police officer (a race riot subsequently ensued).
ellauri162.html on line 830: Robin McLaurin Williams (July 21, 1951 – August 11, 2014) was an American actor and comedian. Williams was raised and sometimes identified himself as an Episcopalian. He described his denomination in a comedy routine as "I have that idea of Chicago protestant, Episcopal—Catholic light: half the religion, half the guilt." He also described himself as an "honorary Jew", and on Israel's 60th Independence Day in 2008, he appeared in Times Square, along with several other celebrities to wish Israel a happy birthday.
ellauri162.html on line 831: Williams was found dead in his home in Paradise Cay, California on August 11, 2014. The final autopsy report, released in November 2014, concluded that Williams' death was a suicide resulting from "asphyxia due to hanging". Sen päästä löytyi israelilaisia levyn kappaleita. President Barack Obama released a statement upon Williams's death: Robin Williams was an airman, a doctor, a genie, a nanny, a president, a professor, a bangarang Peter Pan, and everything in between. Se oli Jönsyäkin nuorempi, ja on nyt jo varmaan ihan homeessa.
ellauri162.html on line 834: We can’t say we weren’t warned about Alexa! Alexa is the name given to the voice that responds to your commands on the Amazon Echo device. In a recent post, I discussed the creepiness of having someone potentially listen to every conversation in its vicinity. As I understand it (not having one) the device is only supposed to be activated if you first say “Alexa” but apparently that is not the case. A family in Portland, Oregon reports that an Amazon Alexa device recorded a private conversation about hardwood floors and randomly sent it to a contact in Seattle. Danielle, who declined to provide her last name, told KIRO-TV that the contact called her family to tell them that their privacy was being compromised. Unplug your Alexa devices right now, the reportedly unnamed individual said, you’re being hacked.
ellauri163.html on line 46: Sholem Asch (Yiddish: שלום אַש, Polish: Szalom Asz; 1 November 1880 – 10 July 1957), also written Shalom Ash, was a Polish-Jewish novelist, dramatist, and essayist in the Yiddish language who settled in the United States.
ellauri163.html on line 48: He wrote the drama Got fun nekome (God of Vengeance) in the winter of 1906 in Cologne, Germany. It is about a Jewish brothel owner who attempts to become respectable by commissioning a Torah scroll and marrying off his daughter to a yeshiva student. Set in a brothel, the play includes Jewish prostitutes and a lesbian scene. I. L. Peretz famously said of the play after reading it: "Burn it, Asch, burn it!" Instead, Asch went to Berlin to pitch it to director Max Reinhardt and actor Rudolph Schildkraut, who produced it at the Deutsches Theater. God of Vengeance opened on March 19, 1907 and ran for six months, and soon was translated and performed in a dozen European languages. It was first brought to New York by David Kessler in 1907. The audience mostly came for Kessler, and they booed the rest of the cast. The New York production sparked a major press war between local Yiddish papers, led by the Orthodox Tageplatt and even the secular Forverts. Orthodox papers referred to God of Vengeance as "filthy," "immoral," and "indecent," while radical papers described it as "moral," "artistic," and "beautiful". Some of the more provocative scenes in the production were changed, but it wasn't enough for the Orthodox papers. Even Yiddish intellectuals and the play's supporters had problems with the play's inauthentic portrayal of Jewish tradition, especially Yankl's use of the Torah, which they said Asch seemed to be using mostly for cheap effects; they also expressed concern over how it might stigmatize Jewish people who already faced much anti-Semitism. The association with Jews and sex work was a popular stereotype at the time. Other intellectuals criticized the writing itself, claiming that the second act was beautifully written but the first and third acts failed to support it.
ellauri163.html on line 50: God of Vengeance was published in English-language translation in 1918. In 1922, it was staged in New York City at the Provincetown Theatre in Greenwich Village, and moved to the Apollo Theatre on Broadway on February 19, 1923, with a cast that included the acclaimed Jewish immigrant actor Rudolph Schildkraut. Its run was cut short on March 6, when the entire cast, producer Harry Weinberger, and one of the owners of the theater were indicted for violating the state's Penal Code, and later convicted on charges of obscenity. Weinberger, who was also a prominent attorney, represented the group at the trial. The chief witness against the play was Rabbi Joseph Silberman, who declared in an interview with Forverts: "This play libels the Jewish religion. Even the greatest anti-Semite could not have written such a thing". (You just wait for Philip Roth...) After a protracted battle, the conviction was successfully appealed. In Europe, the play was popular enough to be translated into German, Russian, Polish, Hebrew, Italian, Czech, Romanian and Norwegian. Indecent, the 2015 play written by Paula Vogel, tells of those events and the impact of God of Vengeance. It opened on Broadway at the Cort Theater in April 2017, directed by Rebecca Taichman. Eli ei Asch ihan pasé vielä ole.
ellauri163.html on line 183: ¹Reuben was denied this privileged position, because he had dishonoured his father by having sex with his father's concubine.
ellauri163.html on line 255: Abraham was the father of Isaac,
ellauri163.html on line 261: Judah the father of Perez and Zerah, whose mother was Tamar,
ellauri163.html on line 273: Salmon the father of Boaz, whose mother was Rahab,
ellauri163.html on line 275: Boaz the father of Obed, whose mother was Ruth,
ellauri163.html on line 282: David was the father of Solomon, whose mother had been Uriah’s wife the callipygous Bathsheba,
ellauri163.html on line 312: Jeconiah was the father of Shealtiel,
ellauri163.html on line 334: and Jacob the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, and Mary was the mother of Jesus who is called the Messiah.
ellauri163.html on line 373: There wasn't a King for hundreds of years after the blessing before the first king of the tribe of Judah (before Saul and David). Tthere was that whole slavery period in Egypt for hundreds of years, then Moses, then Joshua, then the judges long before Saul the firs tking of the tribe of Judah.
ellauri163.html on line 375: Just read the bible chronoholically and you'll see that there were hundreds of years after Jacob's statement before the first king. Then there were Kings of Judah. Then there was the civil war and the kingdoms split.
ellauri163.html on line 377: Then Israel was destroyed. Then there was a Babylonian exile (no Judaic kings). Then there were the Maccabees, Herodians, etc. who were not kings of Judah. . .
ellauri163.html on line 382: For those Xians who say that there has been no king of Judah since J-sus they should check their math. In fact there has been no ruler from the tribe of Judah since 586 B.C.E That is right: 600 years prior to his supposed messiah. Guess he just proved to himself that J-sus was inelligible.
ellauri163.html on line 391: Jacob was fortelling the fate of his sons and their heirs. He stated that the throne would belong to the tribe of Judah "until Shiloh comes." Belonging to isn't the same as saying there will be an unbroken line of RULING kings until Shiloh comes.
ellauri163.html on line 392: The right to the throne was then, and is now, the right of the tribe of Judah through a genetic link to David and Solomon. Nothing more. Nothing less.
ellauri163.html on line 394: J-sus didn't have the right DNA link. He didn't have the anointing (he was never anointed as a king). He never ruled. He wasn't, by any definition, a (let alone "the") messiah. "The" messiah will have be a male descendent of Solomon, he will be properly anointed as king and he will fulfill the prophecies.
ellauri163.html on line 482: They believe that Jesus survived the crucifixion almost 2,000 Easters ago, and went to live out his days in Kashmir. And for those who scoff, remember that others have argued, just as implausibly, that Jesus came to Britain. A theory that was much in vogue when the poet William Blake famously asked: "And did those feet in ancient time, walk upon England's mountains green? And was the holy Lamb of God on England's pleasant pastures seen?"
ellauri163.html on line 660: John Perry on Willin isä. Hän on tutkimusmatkailija maailmastamme, joka löysi portaalin Lyran maailmaan ja josta tuli shamaani, joka tunnetaan nimellä Stanislaus Grumman tai Jopari, hänen alkuperäisen nimensä korruptio. John Richard Perry (born 1943) is Henry Waldgrave Stuart Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Stanford University and Distinguished Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the University of California, Riverside. He has made significant contributions to philosophy in the fields of philosophy of language, metaphysics, and philosophy of mind. He is known primarily for his work on situation semantics (together with Jon Barwise), reflexivity, indexicality, personal identity, and self-knowledge. Situation Semantics was a huge flop, which became obvious when Barwise died of the cancer of the colon.
ellauri163.html on line 697: With an 11-year-old hero, Philip Pullman´s new book is a delightful nod to Edmund Spenser´s 'The Faerie Queene'. If Philip Pullman’s Dark Materials trilogy was an obvious nod to John Milton’s Paradise Lost, his new Book Of Dust trilogy takes inspiration from Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene. Though thematically different, both fall within the same literary genre—they are epic poems, long narrative pieces recounting heroic deeds, and if the term could loosely be used to describe works of prose, then La Belle Sauvage, the first in the Book Of Dust trilogy, is one such novel. Spenser’s late-16th century poem, though incomplete, follows the adventures of medieval knights. Our knight is 11-year-old Malcolm Polstead, curious, intelligent, good-natured and clueless, when we first meet him, of the trials that await him. La Belle Sauvage, then, is a companion, or "equel" (a new story that stands alongside his previous trilogy), to His Dark Materials trilogy. Better strike while the iron is hot, as J.K. Rowling did.
ellauri163.html on line 731: 11-21 is the average result that people get (many women average around 15 and men around 17)
My Asperger Quotient Result was 21. Käytit testin tekemiseen 4 minuuttia 34 sekuntia ja testipistemääräsi on 96 eli sinulla ei ole Aspergerin syndroomaa. (Minun on helppoa päätellä mihin toiset kysymyxillään pyrkivät.)
ellauri163.html on line 748: People with higher scores on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (items included "I am fascinated by numbers," and "I find social situations difficult") had weaker belief in a personal God than those with lower IQ score ("I am fascinated by skirts", and "I find zippers difficult"). Second, reduced ability to mentalize mediated this correlation. (Mentalizing was measured with the Empathy Quotient, which assesses self-reported ability to recognize and react to others' emotions, and with a task that requires identifying what's being expressed in pictures of eyes. Systematizing -- interest in and aptitude for mechanical and abstract systems -- was correlated with autism but was not a mediator.) Third, men were much less likely than women to say they strongly believed in a personal God (even controlling for autism), and this correlation was also mediated by reduced mentalizing. They were also clearly more interested in skirts and puzzled by zippers.
ellauri163.html on line 750: Another study found that the higher the autism score, the less likely the person was to believe in God, with the link partially explained by theory of mind. In other words, the better someone felt at understanding other minds, the more fervent their belief in God, who reads everybody´s mind. (Sometimes I wonder what kind of mind God must have, when s/he has to simultaneously concentrate on several gigamonkeys worth of personal requests. I bet s/he is fascinated by numbers. S/He never says "all our service representatives are busy at this moment, please hold without hanging up the phone.")
ellauri163.html on line 807: Vaikka Au Hasard Balthazarin lopussa kriitikot väittävät usein, että aasi oli kuollut elokuvan lopussa, kun näemme vain sen kuolevana, tämä elokuva olettaa myös kuoleman, mutta näemmekö sen ei ole yhtä tärkeää kuin aiemmassa elokuvassa, joka päättyy lempeään eroon ennen tätä hetkeä. Tämä elokuva päättyy Mouchetten tietoiseen tietämättömyyteen riippumatta siitä, näemmekö hänen todellisen loppunsa vai emme. Ja kuten mainittiin, tämä loppu ei ole läheskään yhtä tyydyttävä, kerronnallinen, emotionaalisesti tai loogisesti kuin aasin loppu. Syynä on se, että vaikka hyväksyisi, että tyttö raiskattiin ja hiänen äitinsä kuoli tuntien sisällä toisistaan, hiänellä on silti paljon tekemistä, nimittäin Arsenen kaa, olisin mielelläni nähnyt niiden sexiä vähän lähemmin ja enemmän. Aasi oli vanha ja sieti kuollakin, mutta she still had much going for her. She was a juicy little dish. My handkerchief was all wet when the film was over.
ellauri163.html on line 829: There is also a scene where Mouchette is wet, working in the bar, and then gets some coins as payment. Later, in his hut, she is wet, and Arsene pays her some coins to go along with his story regarding Mathieu’s presumed death. What this does is not only link divergent scenes in a strictly visual and cinematic way, but it emphasises the elliptical and cyclical nature of the film, where recurring images and motifs abound. Yet, all of them are slightly askew, and the camera always seems to look at its lead character’s life slightly askance, as if it was somehow recapitulating the clearly warped view of life Mouchette owns.
ellauri163.html on line 862: David Émile Durkheim was born 15 April 1858 in Épinal, Lorraine, France, to Mélanie (Isidor) and Moïse Durkheim, coming into a long lineage of devout French Jews. As his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had all been rabbis, young Durkheim began his education in a rabbinical school. However, at an early age, he switched schools, deciding not to follow in his family's footsteps. I bet dad, grandad and greatgranddad were all very disappointed. In fact, Durkheim led a completely secular life, whereby much of his work was dedicated to demonstrating that religious phenomena stemmed from social rather than divine factors. Despite this fact, Durkheim did not sever ties with his family or with the Jewish community. Actually, many of his most prominent collaborators and students were Jewish, some even blood-related.
ellauri163.html on line 864: A precocious student, Durkheim entered the École Normale Supérieure (ENS) in 1879, at his third attempt. The entering class that year was one of the most brilliant of the nineteenth century, as many of his classmates, such as Jean Jaurès and Henri Bergson, went on to become major figures in France's intellectual history as well. At the ENS, Durkheim studied under the direction of Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges, a classicist with a social-scientific outlook, and wrote his Latin dissertation on Montesquieu. At the same time, he read Auguste Comte and Herbert Spencer, whereby Durkheim became interested in a scientific approach to society very early on in his career. The writer of this exposition likes the word whereby.
ellauri163.html on line 873: In the last presentation we looked at Durkheim’s ideas on the weakening of the collective conscience through modernity—the division of labor, weakening of primary groups and general social change. As we saw, this left the individual without much moral guidance. As Durkheim was concerned with moral behavior and social justice he naturally turned to the study of religion.
ellauri163.html on line 889: By worshiping God people are unwittingly worshiping the power of the collective over them—a power that both created and guides them. They are worshiping society itself. Religion is one of the main forces that make up the collective conscience; religion which allows the individual to transcend self and act for the social good. But traditional religion was weakening under the onslaught of the division of labor; what could replace religion as the common bond?
ellauri163.html on line 891: The great things of the past which filled our fathers with enthusiasm do not excite the same ardor in us...In a word, the old gods are growing old or already dead, and others are not yet born...But this state of incertitude and confused agitation cannot last forever. A day will come when our societies will know again those hours of creative effervescence, in the course of which new formulae are found which serve for a while as a guide to humanity; and when these hours shall have been passed through once, men will spontaneously feel the need of reliving them from time to time in thought, that is to say, of keeping alive their memory by means of celebrations which regularly reproduce their fruits. We have already seen how the French Revolution established a whole cycle of holidays to keep the principles with which it was inspired in a state of perpetual youth.
ellauri164.html on line 230: Ralph Barton Perry (July 3, 1876 in Poultney, Vermont – January 22, 1957 in Boston, Massachusetts) was an American philosopher. He was a strident moral idealist who stated in 1909 that, to him, idealism meant "to interpret life consistently with ethical, scientific, and metaphysical truth." (citation?) Perry's viewpoints on religion stressed the notion that religious thinking possessed legitimacy should it exist within a framework accepting of human reason and social progress.
ellauri164.html on line 232: A pupil of William "Will to Believe" James, whose Essays in Radical Empiricism he edited (1912), Perry became one of the leaders of the New Realism movement. Perry argued for a naturalistic theory of value and a New Realist theory of perception and knowledge. He wrote a celebrated biography of William James, which won the 1936 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography, and proceeded to a revision of his critical approach to natural knowledge. An active member among a group of American New Realist philosophers, he elaborated around 1910 the program of new realism. However, he soon dissented from moral and spiritual ontology, and turned to a philosophy of disillusionment. Perry was an advocate of a militant democracy: in his words "total but not totalitarian". Puritanism and Democracy (1944) is a famous wartime attempt to reconcile two fundamental concepts in the origins of modern America. Durkheim oli taas aivan oikeassa: sodan aikana vedetään moraalin korsetinnauhat kireälle.
ellauri164.html on line 234: Henry Babcock Veatch Jr. (September 26, 1911 – July 9, 1999) was an American philosopher. Veatch syntyi 26. syyskuuta 1911 Evansvillessä, Indianassa . Hän opiskeli Harvardin yliopistossa , jossa hän suoritti AB- ja MA-tutkinnon ja tohtorin tutkinnon vuonna 1937. Veatch tuli Indianan yliopiston filosofian laitokselle ohjaajaksi vuonna 1937. Hänet nimitettiin apulaisprofessoriksi vuonna 1941 ja täysprofessoriksi vuonna 1952. Indianassa ollessaan Veatchin yliopisto sai monia palkintoja ja kunnianosoituksia. Vuonna 1954 hänestä tuli ensimmäinen Frederick Bachman Lieber Award for Distinguished Teaching -palkinnon saaja. Hän oli suosittu opiskelijoidensa keskuudessa ja hänelle myönnettiin Sigma Delta Chi "Brown Derby" -palkinto suosituimmalle professorille. Vuonna 1961 Veatch nimettiin Distinguished Service Professoriksi.
ellauri164.html on line 246: Remembering Robert M. Veatch, PhD 1939-2020. Bob Veatch from Georgetown loved genealogy and had confirmed a Veatch connection to the Stuart (Stewart among the Scots) dynasty. He was a long-time fan of bluegrass and Bob and his wife Ann were founding members of the Lucketts Bluegrass Foundation in Lucketts, Virginia, location of the world’s longest running bluegrass concert series (45 years strong!). He used to laugh and say that he thought likely he was the only undergraduate at Harvard reading Plato while listening to bluegrass. Bob was a Peace Corps volunteer in Nigeria from 1962-1964.
ellauri164.html on line 248: Jeff Veatch is a successful entrepreneur, businessman, community leader, and philanthropist. Over the course of his career, Jeff co-founded the IT staffing services firm Apex Systems, has been recognized as the Entrepreneur of the year by Ernst and Young, selected to the Philanthropic 50 by Washington Life magazine, served on the Board of Directors for ASGN Incorporated, sits on Board of Visitors for Virginia Tech, was a founding member of the effort to bring the Olympics to Washington DC, holds Board positions with Inova Health System, as well as other leadership and board positions throughout his community. Also, as an active philanthropic investor, he formed the Veatch Charities, which focuses on education, healthcare, and his community. Mr. Veatch is a 1993 graduate of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, earning a BS in Finance.
ellauri164.html on line 370: I thought this was one of those books that comes with a “guarantee.” But of course there is no such thing. Still, I’d read only glowing reviews and boy was I ready for a “triumphant experience.” But on p. 26 I couldn’t make heads or tails of what I was really reading about. On p. 54 the voice of the innocent and well-meaning young priest began to irk the shit out of me. On p. 55 I skipped ahead to see if anything would ever actually happen to dilute all the fluffy introspection and it didn’t look promising. On p. 64 I took the kitty to the well and drowned it.
ellauri164.html on line 372: I blew through this novel myself, which in retrospect was somewhat of a grave mistake, as the book alternates between compelling and highly engaging dialogues to unrealistically long monologues which to me resemble a Rimbaud poem in translation than anything else, which is to say: hard to parse. That they got more than what they bargained for is what the ordinary reader will be struck by first when they read this. The complexity of each of the conversations cannot be overstated, which I think will inevitably result in readers just mechanically scanning the sentences rather than internalizing the arguments, with the final result being the great part of the novel sliding off like rain, leaving only vague impressions like it did with me unfortunately, but the parts that did affect me left me very humbled. And chiefly this impression will not be helped by another one of the defining features of the novel, which is its vagueness. It deliberately leaves a lot of key details unheard and leaves a lot to the ability to infer events by the reader. Though sometimes frustrating to a reader like me who reads history and biography, I recognize that it should be so for this novel, for the main conflict in it is a psychological one, so I wouldn't have it any other way.
ellauri164.html on line 376:

Allison rated it it was ok

ellauri164.html on line 379: I wanted to like this book so much more than I did. I actually found it incredibly difficult to understand. Some of it, I think, was that it was poorly translated. I read a 1962 edition that doesn't even cite a translator -- so many of the sentences were so convoluted as to be utterly obtuse. Poor translation or witless reader? I never could figure out why Mlle Chantal was such an angry bitch and why she insisted on tormenting the priest. What was her secret? Was the priest an alcoholic or just terminally sick? Gay? Why did M le Comte come to hate the priest? These are just some of the basic narrative issues I couldn't figure out. Forget the whole spiritual aspect--much of what the priest mused on and felt was incomprehensible to me as he described it. I can't help wondering if I'd have understood it if I had read it in French. Or maybe I'm just so spiritually challenged (in a God believing, Catholic way) that I can't comprehend it when it's described. All of that said, there were profoundly moving passages here and there, but over all I don't begin to know what I read. It's rather embarrassing actually--I feel so simple! (less)
ellauri164.html on line 384: I was expecting great things, but I couldn't even get through half of it. Hard to follow, boring, lots of long discourses that didn't have a point. I don't know, didn't get it. I have a copy of it if you'd life to give it a whirl. (less)
ellauri164.html on line 390:

Cynthia Scott rated it it was ok

ellauri164.html on line 395: I am not getting from this book what I expected based on other reviews, and not what I wanted from it either. I tried, read almost half of it. There was not as much about the interaction with his parishioners as about the lectures he gets from older priests and his superiors. And here was not much spiritual inspiration for this reader. A bit ponderous. This goes on my "life is too short" shelf. (less)
ellauri164.html on line 426: Heartening and pleasant family-type book. Christian-based plot. Lotsa twists and revelations of the religious lifestyle. Started slowly and stayed steady in pace. I was surprised by how much I liked it. Worthwhile reading experience. Warmly narrated.
ellauri164.html on line 428:

John Nash rated it it was amazing

ellauri164.html on line 455: The film was produced solely by Mosfilm, without a direct participation of DEFA, and yet several East German actors were invited to play the German historical figures. Fritz Diez, who appeared as Hitler on screen for the sixth time in his career, was given also the role of Otto Hahn.
ellauri164.html on line 457: In 1938, Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission, for which Hahn received the 1944 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Nuclear fission was the basis for nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons.
ellauri164.html on line 458: Between 1934 and 1938, he worked with Strassmann and Meitner on the study of isotopes created through the neutron bombardment of uranium and thorium, which led to the discovery of nuclear fission. He was an opponent of national socialism and the persecution of Jews by the Nazi Party that caused the removal of many of his colleagues, including Meitner, who was forced to flee Germany in 1938.
ellauri164.html on line 459: During World War II, he worked on the German nuclear weapons program, cataloguing the fission products of uranium. As a consequence, at the end of the war he was arrested by the Allied forces; he was incarcerated in Farm Hall with nine other German scientists, from July 1945 to January 1946.
ellauri164.html on line 483: Moses is one of the most prominent figures in the Old Testament. While Abraham is called the “Father of the Faithful” and the recipient of God’s unconditional covenant of grace to His people, Moses was the man chosen to bring redemption to His people. God specifically chose Moses to lead the Israelites from captivity in Egypt to salvation in the Promised Land. Moses is also recognized as the mediator of the Old Covenant and is commonly referred to as the giver of the Law. Finally, Moses is the principal author of the Pentateuch, the foundational books of the entire Bible. Moses’ role in the Old Testament is a type and shadow of the role Jesus plays in the New Testament. As such, his life is definitely worth examining.
ellauri164.html on line 487: In Exodus 2, we see Moses’ mother attempting to save her child by placing him in a basket and putting it into the Nile. The basket was eventually found by Pharaoh’s daughter, and she adopted him as her own and raised him in the palace of the pharaoh himself. As Moses grew into adulthood, he began to empathize with the plight of his people, and upon witnessing an Egyptian beating a Hebrew slave, Moses intervened and killed the Egyptian. But that was not a sin because the guy was just an Egyptian. In another incident, Moses attempted to intervene in a dispute between two Hebrews, but one of the Hebrews rebuked Moses and sarcastically commented, “Are you going to kill me as you did the Egyptian?” (Exodus 2:14). Realizing that his criminal act was made known, Moses fled to the land of Midian where he again intervened—this time rescuing the daughters of Jethro from some bandits. In gratitude, Jethro (also called Reuel) granted his daughter Zipporah to Moses in marriage (Exodus 2:15–21). Moses lived in Midian for about forty years.
ellauri164.html on line 489: The next major incident in Moses’ life was his encounter with God at the burning bush (Exodus 3—4), where God called Moses to be the savior of His people. Despite his initial excuses and outright request that God send someone else, Moses agreed to obey God. God promised to send Aaron, Moses’ brother, along with him. The rest of the story is fairly well known. Moses and his brother, Aaron, go to Pharaoh in God’s name and demand that he let the people go to worship their God. Pharaoh stubbornly refuses, and ten plagues of God’s judgment fall upon the people and the land, the final plague being the slaying of the firstborn. Prior to this final plague, God commands Moses to institute the Passover, which is commemorative of God’s saving act in redeeming His people from bondage in Egypt.
ellauri164.html on line 491: After the exodus, Moses led the people to the edge of the Red Sea where God provided another saving miracle by parting the waters and allowing the Hebrews to pass to the other side while drowning the Egyptian army (Exodus 14). Moses brought the people to the foot of Mount Sinai where the Law was given and the Old Covenant established between God and the newly formed nation of Israel (Exodus 19—24).
ellauri164.html on line 495: The book of Deuteronomy shows Moses giving several sermon-type speeches to the people, reminding them of God’s saving power and faithfulness. He gives the second reading of the Law (Deuteronomy 5) and prepares this generation of Israelites to receive the promises of God. Moses himself is prohibited from entering the land because of his sin at Meribah (Numbers 20:10-13). At the end of the book of Deuteronomy, Moses’ death is recorded (Deuteronomy 34). He climbed Mount Nebo and is allowed to look upon the Promised Land. Moses was 120 years old when he died, and the Bible records that his “eye was undimmed and his vigor unabated” (Deuteronomy 34:7). The Lord Himself buried Moses (Deuteronomy 34:5–6), and Joshua took over as leader of the people (Deuteronomy 34:9). Deuteronomy 34:10–12 says, " Since then, no prophet has risen in Israel like Moses, whom the Lord knew face to face, who did all those signs and wonders the Lord sent him to do in Egypt—to Pharaoh and to all his officials and to his whole land. For no one has ever shown the mighty power or performed the awesome deeds that Moses did in the sight of all Israel."
ellauri164.html on line 498: So, now, what can we learn from Moses’ life? Moses’ life is generally broken down into three 40-year periods. The first is his life in the court of Pharaoh. As the adopted son of Pharaoh’s daughter, Moses would have had all the perks and privileges of a prince of Egypt. He was instructed “in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and he was mighty in his words and deeds” (Acts 7:22). As the plight of the Hebrews began to disturb his soul, Moses took it upon himself to be the savior of his people. As Stephen says before the Jewish ruling council, “[Moses] supposed that his brothers would understand that God was giving them salvation by his hand” (Acts 7:25). From this incident, we learn that Moses was a man of action as well as a man possessed of a hot temper and prone to rash actions. Did God want to save His people? Yes. Did God want to use Moses as His chosen instrument of salvation? Yes. But Moses, whether or not he was truly cognizant of his role in the salvation of the Hebrew people, acted rashly and impetuously. He tried to do in his timing what God wanted done in His timing. The lesson for us is obvious: we must be acutely aware of not only doing God’s will, but doing God’s will in His timing, not ours. As is the case with so many other biblical examples, when we attempt to do God’s will in our timing, we make a bigger mess than originally existed.
ellauri164.html on line 502: Another thing we see from Moses during his time spent in Midian is that, when God finally did call him into service, Moses was resistant. The man of action early in his life, Moses, now 80 years old, became overly timid. When called to speak for God, Moses said he was “slow of speech and tongue” (Exodus 4:10). Some commentators believe that Moses may have had a speech impediment. Perhaps, but then it would be odd for Stephen to say Moses was “mighty in words and deeds” (Acts 7:22). Perhaps Moses just didn’t want to go back into Egypt and fail again. This isn’t an uncommon feeling. How many of us have tried to do something (whether or not it was for God) and failed, and then been hesitant to try again? There are two things Moses seemed to have overlooked. One was the obvious change that had occurred in his own life in the intervening 40 years. The other, and more important, change was that God would be with him. Moses failed at first not so much because he acted impulsively, but because he acted without God. Therefore, the lesson to be learned here is that when you discern a clear call from God, step forward in faith, knowing that God goes with you! Do not be timid, but be strong in the Lord and in the power of his might (Ephesians 6:10).
ellauri164.html on line 504: The third and final chapter in Moses’ life is the chapter that Scripture spends the most time chronicling, namely, his role in the redemption of Israel. Several lessons can be gleaned from this chapter of Moses’ life as well. First is how to be an effective leader of people. Moses essentially had responsibility over two million Hebrew refugees. When things began to wear on him, his father-in-law, Jethro Tull, suggested that he delegate responsibility to other faithful men, a lesson that many people in authority over others need to learn (Exodus 18). We also see a man who was dependent on the grace of God to help with his task. Moses was continually pleading on behalf of the people before God. If only all people in authority would petition God on behalf of those over whom they are in charge! Moses was keenly aware of the necessity of God’s presence and even requested to see God’s glory (Exodus 33). Moses knew that, apart from God, the exodus would be meaningless. It was God who made the Israelites distinct, and they needed Him most. Moses’ life also teaches us the lesson that there are certain sins that will continue to haunt us throughout our lives. The same hot temper that got Moses into trouble in Egypt also got him into trouble during the wilderness wanderings. In the aforementioned incident at Meribah, Moses struck the rock in anger in order to provide water for the people. However, he didn’t give God the glory, nor did he follow God’s precise commands. Because of this, God forbade him from entering the Promised Land. In a similar manner, we all succumb to certain besetting sins which plague us all our days, sins that require us to be on constant alert.
ellauri164.html on line 506: These are just a handful of practical lessons that we can learn from Moses’ life. However, if we look at Moses’ life in light of the overall panoply of Scripture, we see larger theological truths that fit into the story of redemption. In chapter 11 the author of Hebrews uses Moses as an example of faith. We learn that it was by faith that Moses refused the glories of Pharaoh’s palace to identify with the plight of his people. The writer of Hebrews says, “[Moses] considered the reproach of Christ greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt” (Hebrews 11:26). Moses’ life was one of faith, and we know that without faith it is impossible to please God (Hebrews 11:6). Likewise, it is by faith that we, looking forward to heavenly riches, can endure temporal hardships in this lifetime (2 Corinthians 4:17–18).
ellauri164.html on line 508: As mentioned earlier, we also know that Moses’ life was typological of the life of Christ. Like Christ, Moses was the mediator of a covenant. Christ too was a little recalcitrant, so he got crucified. Again, the author of Hebrews goes to great lengths to demonstrate this point (cf. Hebrews 3; 8—10). The Apostle Paul also makes the same points in 2 Corinthians 3. The difference is that the covenant that Moses mediated was temporal and conditional, whereas the covenant that Christ mediates is eternal and unconditional. Like Christ, Moses provided redemption for his people. Moses delivered the people of Israel out of slavery and bondage in Egypt and brought them to the Promised Land of Canaan. Christ delivers His people out of bondage and slavery to sin and condemnation and brings them to the Promised Land of eternal life on a renewed earth, like Azrael in the forthcoming third season of His Dark Materials. Like Christ he returns to consummate the kingdom He inaugurated at His first coming. Like Christ, Moses was a prophet to his people. Moses spoke the very words of God to the Israelites just as Christ did (John 17:8). Moses predicted that the Lord would raise up another prophet like him from among the people (Deuteronomy 18:15). Jesus and the early church taught and believed that Moses was speaking of Jesus when he wrote those words (cf. John 5:46, Acts 3:22, 7:37). In so many ways, Moses’ life is a precursor to the life of Christ. As such, we can catch a glimpse of how God was working His plan of redemption in the lives of faithful people throughout human history. This gives us hope that, just as God saved His people and gave them rest through the actions of Moses, so, too, will God save us and give us an eternal Sabbath rest in Christ, both now and in the life to come. But don't get your hopes too high, you may not be among the chosen after all.
ellauri164.html on line 510: Finally, it is interesting to note that, even though Moses never set foot in the Promised Land during his lifetime, he was given an opportunity to enter the Promised Land after his death. On the mount of transfiguration, when Jesus gave His disciples a taste of His full glory, He was accompanied by two Old Testament figures, Moses and Elijah, who represented the Law and the Prophets. Moses is, this day, experiencing the true Sabbath rest in Christ that one day all Christians will share (Hebrews 4:9).
ellauri164.html on line 523: Moses was so dispirited that he preferred to die rather than continue on in this way. In his weariness, he spoke rashly, and God excluded him from leading the people into the Promised Land.
ellauri164.html on line 524: Now there was no water for the congregation. And they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron. And the people quarreled with Moses and said, “Would that we had perished when our brothers perished before the Lord! Why have you brought the assembly of the Lord into this wilderness, that we should die here, both we and our cattle? And why have you made us come up out of Egypt to bring us to this wretched place which has neither grain nor figs nor vines nor pomegranates? Here there is not even water to drink!” But Moses and Aaron went way from the assembly to the entrance of the meeting tent, where they fell prostrate.
ellauri164.html on line 530: Many have pondered the precise nature of Moses’ sin and why the punishment for it was so severe. (Well, gosh, he was already 120, and what's the diff which side of the Jordan river he conks out. It's the same dry desert on either side.) A few different explanations have been posited:
ellauri164.html on line 532: 1. Moses sinned by not following the Lord’s instruction. The Lord told Moses to take his staff in hand and bid the rock to bring forth water. He was told to speak to the rock, but instead he struck it—twice. The striking of the rock, while not specifically directed according to the passage in Numbers, does not seem particularly egregious; in fact, in another description of this event (see Exodus 17:6) God does tell Moses to strike it. The Fathers of the Church (e.g., St. Jerome) did not view this as sinful, even interpreting the striking of the rock twice as a sign of the two bars of the cross.
ellauri164.html on line 536: This third explanation leads us back to the heart of our meditation: grumbling causes harm to the ones who grumble and to others who hear it. Moses was worn out by their complaining; as Psalm 106 says, his spirit grew bitter. He spoke rashly and reviled the people; in a flash of anger, he may also have yielded to sinful pride.
ellauri164.html on line 543: Moses was worn down by the constant grumbling of the people. Be cognizant of the toll that such behavior takes on others. Practice gratitude, an important antidote to the poison spread by grumbling.
ellauri164.html on line 548: 1. Moses, being directed to speak to the rock that it might give forth its water, smote it instead with the rod of God which was in his hazed (what's a hazed?) and this he did not once only, but twice.
ellauri164.html on line 550: 2. He spoke to the people, not with meekness and calm authority, but in heat and bitterness. "Ye rebels, must we fetch you water out of this rock?" Thus he "spake unadvisedly with his lips" (Psalm 106:33) instead of his stick. It is not difficult to understand how Moses should have so far forgotten himself on this occasion. Let the facts be weighed. The servant of the Lord is now 120 years old. The generation which sinned thirty-seven years ago, and was condemned to die in the wilderness, is nearly all gone. Moses is mortified to find that the new generation is infected with a touch of the same impatient unbelief which wrought in their fathers so much mischief. No sooner are they at a loss for water than they rise against Moses with rebellious murmurings. For once he loses command of himself. On all former occasions of the kind his meekness was unshaken; he either held his peace, or prayed for the rebels, or at most called on the Lord to be his Witness and Judge. Now he breaks out into bitter chidings. At the root of this there was a secret failure of faith. "Ye believed me not," - did not thoroughly rely on my faithfulness and power, - "to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel" (verse 12). His former meekness had been the fruit of faith. He had been thoroughly persuaded that the Lord who was with him could accomplish all he had promised, and therefore he faced every difficulty with calm and patient resolution. Now a touch of unbelief bred in him hastiness and bitterness of spirit.
ellauri164.html on line 554: 2. The sins we are least inclined to may nevertheless be the sins which will bring us to the bitterest grief. Every man has his weak side. There are sins to which our natural disposition or the circumstances of our up-bringing lay us peculiarly open; and it is without doubt a good rule to be specially on our guard in relation to these sins. Yet the rule must not be applied too rigidly. When Dumbarton Rock was taken, it was not by assailing the fortifications thrown up to protect its one weak side, but by scaling it at a point where the precipitous height seemed to render defense or guard unnecessary. Job was the most patient of men, yet he sinned through impatience. Peter was courageous, yet he fell through cowardice. Moses was the meekest of men, yet he fell through bitterness of Spirit. We have need to guard well not our weak points only, but the points also at which we deem ourselves to be strong.
ellauri164.html on line 560: AGAIN the congregation of Israel was brought into the wilderness, to the very place where God proved them soon after leaving Egypt. The Lord brought them water out of the rock, which had continued to flow until just before they came again to the rock, when the Lord caused that living stream to cease, to prove His people again, to see if they would endure the trial of their faith or would again murmur against Him.
ellauri164.html on line 572: This necessity for the manifestation of God's power made the occasion one of great solemnity, and Moses and Aaron should have improved it to make a favorable impression upon the people. But Moses was stirred, and in impatience and anger with the people, because of their murmurings, he said, "Hear now, ye rebels, must we fetch you water out of this rock?" In thus speaking he virtually admitted to murmuring Israel that they were correct in charging him with leading them from Egypt. God had forgiven the people greater transgressions than this error on the part of Moses, but He could not regard a sin in a leader of His people as in those who were led. He could not excuse the sin of Moses and permit him to enter the Promised Land.
ellauri164.html on line 574: The Lord here gave His people unmistakable proof that He who had wrought such a wonderful deliverance for them in bringing them from Egyptian bondage, was the mighty Angel, and not Moses, who was going before them in all their travels, and of whom He had said, "Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared. Beware of Him, and obey His voice, provoke Him not; for He will not pardon your transgressions: for My name is in Him." Ex. 23:20, 21.
ellauri164.html on line 576: Moses took glory to himself which belonged to God, and made it necessary for God to do that in his case which should forever satisfy rebellious Israel that it was not Moses who had led them from Egypt,
ellauri164.html on line 577: but God Himself. The Lord had committed to Moses the burden of leading His people, while the mighty Angel went before them in all their journeyings and directed all their travels. Because they were so ready to forget that God was leading them by His Angel, and to ascribe to man that which God's power alone could perform, He had proved them and tested them, to see whether they would obey Him. At every trial they failed. Instead of believing in, and acknowledging, God, who had strewed their path with evidences of His power and signal tokens of His care and love, they distrusted Him and ascribed their leaving Egypt to Moses, charging him as the cause of all their disasters. Moses had borne with their stubbornness with remarkable forbearance. At one time they threatened to stone him.
ellauri164.html on line 579: The Heavy Penalty. The Lord would remove this impression forever from their minds, by forbidding Moses to enter the Promised Land. The Lord had highly exalted Moses. He had revealed to him His great glory. He had taken him into a sacred nearness with Himself upon the mount, and had condescended to talk with him as a man speaketh with a friend. He had communicated to Moses, and through him to the people, His will, His statutes, and His laws. His being thus exalted and honored of God made his error of greater magnitude. Moses repented of his sin and humbled himself greatly before God. He related to all Israel his sorrow for his sin. The result of his sin he did not conceal, but told them that for thus failing to ascribe glory to God, he could not lead them to the Promised Land. He then asked them, if this error upon his part was so great as to be thus corrected of God, how God would regard their repeated murmurings in charging him (Moses) with the uncommon visitations of God because of their sins.
ellauri164.html on line 581: For this single instance, Moses had allowed the impression to be entertained that he had brought them water out of the rock, when he should have magnified the name of the Lord among His people. The Lord would now settle the matter with His people, that Moses was merely a man, following the guidance and direction of a mightier than he, even the Son of God. In this He would leave them without doubt. Where much is given, much is required. Moses had been highly favored with special views of God's majesty. The light and glory of God had been imparted to him in rich abundance. His face had reflected upon the people the glory that the Lord had let shine upon him. All will be judged according to the privileges they have had, and the light and benefits bestowed.
ellauri164.html on line 583: The sins of good men, whose general deportment has been worthy of imitation, are peculiarly offensive to God. They cause Satan to triumph, and to taunt the angels of God with the failings of God's chosen instruments, and give the unrighteous occasion to lift themselves up against God. The Lord had Himself led Moses in a special manner, and had revealed to him His glory, as to no other upon the earth. He was naturally impatient, but had taken hold firmly of the grace of God and so humbly implored wisdom from heaven that he was strengthened from God and had overcome his impatience so that he was called of God the meekest man upon the face of the whole earth.
ellauri164.html on line 591: Moses’ moment of greatest failure came when the people of Israel resumed complaining, this time about food and water (Num. 20:1-5). Moses and Aaron decided to bring the complaint to the Lord, who commanded them to take their staff, and in the people’s presence command a rock to yield water enough for the people and their livestock (Num. 20:6-8). Moses did as the Lord instructed but added two flourishes of his own. First he rebuked the people, saying, “Listen, you rebels, shall we bring water for you out of this rock?” Then he struck the rock twice with his staff. Water poured out in abundance (Num. 20:9-11), but the Lord was extremely displeased with Moses and Aaron.
ellauri164.html on line 593: God's punishment was harsh. “Because you did not trust in me, to show my holiness before the eyes of the Israelites, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land that I have given them” (Num.20:12). Moses and Aaron, like all the people who rebelled against God’s plan earlier (Num. 14:22-23), will not be permitted to enter the Promised Land.
ellauri164.html on line 595: Scholarly arguments about the exact action Moses was punished for may be found in any of the general commentaries, but the text of Num­bers 20:12 names the underlying offense directly, “You did not trust in me.” Moses’ leadership faltered in the crucial moment when he stopped trusting God and started acting on his own impulses.
ellauri164.html on line 623:

It is Numbers 20:1-13 again. Miriam was gone. Moses had just buried his sister in Kadesh, in the Wilderness of Zin (Numbers 20:1). She had placed his basket among the reeds of the Nile and had run to get his mother when Pharaoh’s daughter drew him out. His sister had been with him through all his trials in the wilderness. But now Miriam was gone.
ellauri164.html on line 625: Moses had been leading a rebellious, ungrateful, complaining, people through the wilderness for 40 years. His sister had just died. And now these people had gathered together against Aaron and him to complain because there was no water, again! (Numbers 20:2-5) You would think after 40 years these people would have learned to trust their all-powerful, Living God to provide for them.
ellauri164.html on line 628: Moses was in no mood to deal with this today. Why couldn’t these people let him mourn his sister in peace? Why had God brought them to a dry thirsty land with no water again? Why did these people always blame him? Why didn’t these people bring their problems to God in prayer instead of always complaining to him? Why were there always so many demands on him? Why was it always “Moses, Moses, Moses”?
ellauri164.html on line 630: God told Moses to speak to the rock, saying it would pour out water. He was supposed to speak peaceably to the rock this time (Numbers 20:6-9).
ellauri164.html on line 633: But Moses was not feeling peaceful today. He was grieving the loss of his sister. He was tired. He was thirsty. He was frustrated. He was angry.
ellauri164.html on line 643: Moses had always done exactly as God commanded – UNTIL NOW. Moses was devastated when God pronounced his judgment (Numbers 20:12). He had obeyed God’s call to go to Egypt to free the Israelites from bondage. God had worked mighty miracles through him.
ellauri164.html on line 647: Now, after 40-years of faithfully serving God with perfect obedience to bring God’s people to the Promised Land, he would not be allowed to enter! Was that fair? Of course it was. Moses knew God was merciful and gracious. Surely God would forgive and relent, if he would only repent. Surely God would forgive one sin, and let him in, after how good he had been.
ellauri164.html on line 649: Moses was being judged by the very law he had proclaimed.
ellauri164.html on line 650: For 40-years Moses had pronounced judgment without mercy on those who sinned. Whether the sin had been idolatry, misusing God’s name, immorality, or even collecting firewood on the Sabbath, the law had condemned the disobedient to be stoned for even one sin. Now Moses was being judged by the very law he had proclaimed.
ellauri164.html on line 653: Not even Moses could keep the law. God is gracious. Moses was not stoned to death for his disobedience. Wow. God allowed Moses to keep serving Him, and God kept using him to lead His people to the Promised Land.
ellauri164.html on line 654: God called Moses to lead His people out of slavery in Egypt. The Law was given to show people their bondage to sin in the world, and their need for the shed blood of a sacrificial Passover lamb to cover for their sin. Moses was condemned by the very law he gave. He shot himself in the foot.
ellauri164.html on line 657: The Promised Land can only be received by God’s grace. So it was Joshua who led God’s people into the Promised Land. Joshua means “Jehovah saves.” In the New Testament, this name is “Jesus.”
ellauri164.html on line 673: Most of us have been taught that Moses’s sin was hitting a rock to obtain water when God told him just to speak to it. Others say Moses’s sin was that he took credit for obtaining water from the rock when it was really God who performed the miracle.
ellauri164.html on line 675: However, God did not say either of these actions was the problem, nor did Moses believe these were the problem. In fact, nowhere does the text say Moses’s sin was striking the rock instead of speaking to it or taking credit for the miracle.
ellauri164.html on line 676: What did God say Moses’s sin was?
ellauri164.html on line 677: God said Moses’s sin was a failure to trust:
ellauri164.html on line 681: That’s ALL God had to say about it. He didn’t criticize Moses for striking the rock when he was told to speak to it. Similarly, God did not indicate that Moses was trying to take credit for the miracle. He said Moses had failed to believe in Him.
ellauri164.html on line 683: Moses said that his failure was in someway connected to the people:
ellauri164.html on line 685: Even with me the LORD was angry on your account and said, ‘You also shall not go in there. (Deut. 1:37ESV)
ellauri164.html on line 687: But the LORD was angry with me because of you and would not listen to me. And the LORD said to me, ‘Enough from you; do not speak to me of this matter again. (Deut. 3:26 ESV)
ellauri164.html on line 689: Furthermore, the LORD was angry with me because of you, and he swore that I should not cross the Jordan, and that I should not enter the good land that the LORD your God is giving you for an inheritance.” (Deut. 4:21 ESV)
ellauri164.html on line 709: He has reached the end of his rope. He has been patient with these complaining and rebellious people, but he couldn’t take it any longer. Their constant ingratitude and rebelliousness caused Moses to lose faith in the people. This is the people that were supposed to be God’s treasured possession, a holy nation of priests who had agreed to be in a covenant relationship with God (Ex 19:5-8). What a disappointment they had turned out to be and Moses was finished interceding for them. God knew Moses was not going to intercede for the people at Meribah, therefore He doesn’t ordain punishment for them.
ellauri164.html on line 713: This is understandable. Haven’t you had people in your life that were so difficult that you have jokingly said, “Even God couldn’t do anything with them!” Moses had reached this point, but he wasn’t joking.
ellauri164.html on line 715: If there is any doubt this was Moses’s problem, this verse removes it: “because you broke faith with me in the midst of the people of Israel at the waters of Meribah-kadesh, in the wilderness of Zin, and because you did not treat me as holy in the midst of the people of Israel.” (Deut. 32:51 ESV)
ellauri164.html on line 717: Conclusion: Moses’s sin wasn’t striking the rock as such when he was told to speak to it; his sin was losing faith in God’s ability to use the Israelites for anything positive. This is why God could say that Moses didn’t trust in Him and is also why Moses could say God was angry with him on account of the people.
ellauri164.html on line 723: Question: Please tell me what exactly is "Moses' sin." I thought it was the killing of the Egyptian when he was younger. Or was it the revolt of the Levi tribe toward the end? What reason kept him out of the Promised Land?
ellauri164.html on line 725: Answer: Psalms 106:32-33 states that the people angered Moses at the waters of strife, that it went ill with Moses, and that he sinned with his mouth. The incident in question occurred in Numbers 20:7-13. Miriam had just passed on. The very next verse states that the people were complaining about the lack of water. This had happened many times during their wilderness experience. And like the other times, the people railed against Moses and Aaron, whining that they would have been better off if they had stayed in Egypt. Moses and Aaron responded by falling face down. They had also done this several times. Maybe they were tired of hearing the same old complaints, or maybe this was their posture of prayer. In any event, God responded quickly, telling Moses to speak to the rock in front of all the people. Water would come gushing out -- enough water for everyone.
ellauri164.html on line 727: Moses assembled the people, but he didn't follow orders quite the way he should have. Instead of just speaking to the rock, which would have demonstrated the power of the word over the power of his rod, he struck it twice, saying, "Listen, you rebels, shall we get water for you out of this rock?" It almost sounded as though Moses was taking credit for delivering the water. That was not true. Perhaps the strain of leading the people all those years was finally starting to show. He called them rebels, which in a sense they were. But God did not tell him to do this. Nor was there any mention of God at that point. All seemed directed at Moses and Aaron: "Must we bring water out of this rock?" Depending on how it's read, it could indicate doubt on the part of Moses.
ellauri164.html on line 729: The bottom line is that both he and Aaron disobeyed God. Moreover, the water that rushed out was no longer seen as a gift from God, but was a product of Moses and Aaron. The people were happy; God was not. He said, "You did not trust in me; and you did not honor me as holy" (Num. 20:13). Hence, neither of them would set foot into the Promised Land. Yet, it is important to notice that just as God did not abandon his people when they sinned, he did not abandon Moses and Aaron. But in this one instance, they didn't pass the test. When crunch time came, they didn't trust God. And all of this happened at the waters of Meribah.
ellauri164.html on line 731: That's the Biblical explanation, but frankly, the punishment just doesn't seem to fit the crime. In reading the whole story, Moses was an exemplary leader, the ideal mediator between the people and God, and always faithful to the covenant. One little mistake and he's punished forever! It hardly seems just.
ellauri164.html on line 733: In reality, the people who were writing this story knew that Moses did not lead them into the Promised Land. In fact, he had completed his assignment long ago. God had instructed him to lead the people out of Egypt (Ex. 3:10). They were out of Egypt. His job was done. So maybe this wasn't a punishment at all; maybe it was a reward! He was roughly 120 years of age at this point. They all knew that settling into the Promised Land would have its challenges. That land was fully occupied, and many battles were ahead of them. Surely it was time to let Joshua take over. It was time for Moses to rest. Granted, there might have been other ways for God to accomplish this, but the writers of the story chose to tell it like this. The end result is that Moses was free of his responsibility to the people, free to be with God on the mountaintop.
ellauri164.html on line 742: Introduction: 1. Moses was a great example of a faithful servant of God, and is
ellauri164.html on line 747: is was so consequential.
ellauri164.html on line 771: 1. Moses was angry at God's people and openly expressed his anger at them.
ellauri164.html on line 775: a. Moses was meek, but lost control.
ellauri164.html on line 776: b. Peter was brave, but became a coward.
ellauri164.html on line 781: 1. Moses was angry with the people, but from (v.8), there is no indication
ellauri164.html on line 792: Conclusion: 1. Though Moses was a great man of exemplary faith, he battled with sin.
ellauri164.html on line 802: In the first month the whole Israelite community arrived at the Desert of Zin, and they stayed at Kadesh. There Miriam died and was buried. (2) Now there was no water for the community, and the people gathered in opposition to Moses and Aaron. (3) They quarreled with Moses and said, "If only we had died when our brothers fell dead before the LORD! (4) Why did you bring the LORD's community into this desert, that we and our livestock should die here? (5) Why did you bring us up out of Egypt to this terrible place? It has no grain or figs, grapevines or pomegranates. And there is no water to drink!" (6) Moses and Aaron went from the assembly to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting and fell facedown, and the glory of the LORD appeared to them. (7) The LORD said to Moses, (8) "Take the staff, and you and your brother Aaron gather the assembly together. Speak to that rock before their eyes and it will pour out its water. You will bring water out of the rock for the community so they and their livestock can drink." (9) So Moses took the staff from the LORD's presence, just as he commanded him. (10) He and Aaron gathered the assembly together in front of the rock and Moses said to them, "Listen, you rebels, must we bring you water out of this rock?" (11) Then Moses raised his arm and struck the rock twice with his staff. Water gushed out, and the community and their livestock drank. (12) But the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, "Because you did not trust in me enough to honor me as holy in the sight of the Israelites, you will not bring this community into the land I give them." (13) These were the waters of Meribah, [1] where the Israelites quarreled with the LORD and where he showed himself holy among them.
ellauri164.html on line 808: It was always before the Ark of the Covenant, including the mercy seat.
ellauri164.html on line 810: It was chosen above all other staffs by God Himself.
ellauri164.html on line 818: As Aaron’s staff was chosen above all others, so Christ is above all others. We are a royal priesthood; but He is our High Priest.
ellauri164.html on line 826: All this is true even though the water was brought forth by a leader’s error. God’s grace does not depend upon the perfection of the leader. Not even Christ.x
ellauri164.html on line 845: Moses didn’t trust God enough. Oh, he was trusting, but not quite to the point of doing what he was told, how he was told, when he was told.
ellauri164.html on line 847: Moses did not honor God as holy. His actions made it look like Moses was the one with the power, not the holy God.
ellauri164.html on line 849: For this evildoing, Moses was not to enter the Promised Land – only to look at it from afar. There are some thoughts we can gather from this:
ellauri164.html on line 867: There are few characters that play a larger part in the story of the Bible than Moses. He is the human protagonist of four Old Testament books and is consistently held up in both the OT and NT as a shining example of faith in the promises of God. The law that he delivered to the people of Israel serves as the foundation of the nation of Israel, and is lauded by Jesus as a testament that would not pass until “heaven and earth pass away…[and] all is accomplished.” One of the great tragic moments of the Bible is where Moses is denied entrance to the Promised Land for his sin at the Rock of Meribah; after faithfully leading Israel for forty years, Moses strikes a rock instead of speaking to it and is condemned to die before living in the Promised Land. On its surface, this might seem unfair to Moses. One mess-up and God gives him this great punishment? How many times had Israel failed in their journey and at Mt. Sinai, and God had spared their lives and allowed them to keep going? Yet His most faithful servant is barred over this one, seemingly insignificant event? If we take a closer look at the text, however, we see why Moses’ failure was such a stark one. While it doesn’t diminish the tragic nature of the event, it does shed light on why God takes such a drastic step to respond.
ellauri164.html on line 873: We would expect the pattern to repeat here. The people have rebelled, so the next part would be God’s wrath and threats of destruction. Instead, however, God merely grants their request for water. No mention of sin or possible annihilation, just grace in providing for Israel’s needs. The fact that this cycle we’ve come to expect changes is designed to highlight an important event; the oddity of the text “awakens us from our narrative slumber,” as one commentator puts it, and forces us to pay attention closely to what’s occurring. Why would God not threaten destruction? To answer that, we have to remember a key aspect of God’s character: He does not change. Hebrews 13:8 says He is the same yesterday and today and forever, “without variation or shifting shadow,” (James 1:17). The purpose of the threats of destruction, and Moses/Aaron’s intercession, was not to actually change God’s mind. God knew exactly what was going to happen in all these instances. God’s threats on Israel are spoken to Moses so that Moses will intercede. They are tests of Moses’ (and Aaron’s) character, just as God’s conversation with Abraham over the fates of Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 18) was about testing Abraham’s character rather than the doomed cities. Yet here, in Numbers 20, God does not follow the pattern. Why?
ellauri164.html on line 875: This gets us back to the question of what, exactly, Moses’ sin was. Many commentators focus on the physical actions that Moses took in verses 9-11. Some say Moses sin was striking the rock rather than speaking to it, but Moses was told to take the staff of God. Exodus 17:5-6 had Moses striking the rock to cause water to come out of the rock (in fact, it’s actually the same rock of Meribah!), so it’s possible to read an inference that the staff was to be used to strike the rock. Some commentators see Moses’ harsh words for Israel as the sin, or perhaps that he speaks to the people rather than speaking to the rock. Regardless of which of these views, they don’t account for what the text itself says: Numbers 20:12 makes it clear that the sin of Moses and Aaron was “…you have not believed Me, to treat Me as holy in the sight of the sons of Israel.” Indeed, focusing on Moses’ actions of striking the rock or speaking harshly makes it seem doubly unfair to Aaron, who had neither spoken nor struck the rock.
ellauri164.html on line 877: The reading that makes more sense is to focus on the breaking of the pattern established to this point. Moses’ harsh words toward the Israelites reveal his emotions in this moment; he classifies Israel as “rebels” rather than the chosen people, and his rhetorical question seems to imply that he does not view Israel as worthy of God’s grace any longer. This is the real failure of Moses in this moment: he’s lost his faith in God to fulfill His promises to these people. Israel is a nation of rebels outside of grace, outside of God’s ability to make a great nation, outside of the promises that God has given. It seems nearly forty years of dealing with this people has finally broken Moses, and he is so overwhelmed in this moment that he has lost faith. From God’s perspective, Moses has lost faith in the Lord to overcome Israel’s faithlessness. Moses has not believed in God, and has not treated Yahweh as the Holy God who is able to overcome the weakness of His people. Indeed, this is exactly what Numbers 20:12 says was Moses’ sin! He (and Aaron!) did not believe God and did not treat Yahweh as holy in that moment. God did offer Moses the opportunity to intercede for the people (and thus broke the pattern) because He knew that Moses did not have faith in Him.
ellauri164.html on line 879: This interpretation is solidified by Moses’ words about this event in the Book of Deuteronomy. Three times in the first four chapters of Deuteronomy, Moses says that he is not able to enter the Promised Land because of Israel. At first glance, again, this might seem an unfair charge. Moses had caused his own exclusion, hadn’t he? Why is he accusing the generation after the event in Numbers 20 of being the cause of his failure? If we look at these three mentions, we see a few important facts. In the first instance, Deuteronomy 1:37, Moses is recounting the failure of Israel when they listened to the 10 spies’ negative report and how God forbade that generation from entering the Promised Land, and he then says “The Lord was angry with me also on your account, saying, ‘Not even you shall enter there.’” Moses associates his inability to enter the Promised Land with Israel’s rebellion and unfaithfulness, but he also seems to be lumping the people’s refusal to enter the land (Numbers 13-14) with his own sin in Numbers 20. This is not Moses forgetting the chronology of these two events, but rather indicating that they are closely associate with one another.
ellauri164.html on line 881: The second mention is in Deuteronomy 3:23-26, where after retelling the defeats of the kings Sihon and Og Moses relates that “I also pleaded with the Lord at that time, saying, ‘O Lord God, You have begun to show Your servant Your greatness and Your strong hand; for what god is there in heaven or on earth who can do such works and mighty acts as Yours? Let me, I pray, cross over and see the fair land that is beyond the Jordan, that good hill country and Lebanon.’ But the Lord was angry with me on your account, and would not listen to me; and the Lord said to me, ‘Enough! Speak to Me no more of this matter.” Again, Moses directly links the Lord’s anger towards him with the Israelites.
ellauri164.html on line 883: The third mention is in Deuteronomy 4:21-23, where Moses has moved past the historical recounting and is now warning Israel of the danger of idolatry. He says ““Now the Lord was angry with me on your account, and swore that I would not cross the Jordan, and that I would not enter the good land which the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance. For I will die in this land, I shall not cross the Jordan, but you shall cross and take possession of this good land. So watch yourselves, that you do not forget the covenant of the Lord your God which He made with you, and make for yourselves a graven image in the form of anything against which the Lord your God has commanded you.” Now Moses uses his own tragic story as an illustration on the importance of avoiding idolatry in the Promised Land. So Moses’ failure to enter the Promised Land was related to the continuous rebellion of Israel, and was an illustration of the dangers of violating the covenant promises.
ellauri164.html on line 885: Reading the Numbers 20 passage the way that has been suggested makes sense of what Moses says in Deuteronomy. He’s not shifting the blame to Israel for his own failures, but highlighting that their constant rebellion was what caused him to lose his faith in God. Moses lack of faith led him to forget the promise and covenant of God, so he is using that illustration to demonstrate the dangers of forsaking the covenant: just like Moses, Israel will be forbidden the Promised Land if they don’t maintain faith in the covenant promises of God. That’s really one of the main points of Deuteronomy. It’s not just the covenant laws for the new generation, but Moses exhorting the new generation to never lose hope in the promise of God. Moses, knowing Israel, recognizes that there will come a day when they fail to uphold the covenant and they will be punished for it, but he also recognizes that God’s promises will stand no matter how badly Israel fails to uphold it. This, then, is the main point we should derive as well: God will always keep His promises. We, as the heirs to the promises to Abraham and Israel, should always firmly believe in the power of God to bring us, a broken people like Israel, to the shores of the Promised Land!
ellauri164.html on line 890: Many brethren and sisters, not to mention those outside the church, have a wrong understanding of what the sin of Moses was and its implication(s). Often when asked or giving comments on the matter, they say that his sin was in smiting the rock twice instead of once. They think that, since at first God told Moses to take the rod and smite the rock, and the next time He also told him to take the rod, therefore, he was also instructed to strike once. Such an understanding erodes the whole essence that God had designed in the type that would later be seen in the antitype. As it will soon be clear, striking the rock even once [that second time] would have been sin on the part of Moses. In view of this, therefore, it is important for us to possess the true facts on this matter.
ellauri164.html on line 892: To begin with, we need to know that there were two instances where the children of Israel on their journey to Canaan drank water from the rock. The first was at a place known as Rephidim which would later be called Massah (temptation) and Meribah (strife). The second was at Kadesh. The water here was also called water of Meribah. “This is the water of Meribah; because the children of Israel strove with the LORD, and He was sanctified in them.” Numbers 20:13
ellauri164.html on line 896: But we know that the Rock from which they drank water is Christ. “And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.” 1 Corinthians 10:4. Psalms 78: 15–16 says “He clave the rocks in the wilderness, and game them drink as out of the great depths. He brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers.” Jesus Himself testifies to this by saying, “He that believeth on Me,” as the scriptures say, “out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water.” John 7:38
ellauri164.html on line 898: The first instance therefore quoted above (Exodus 17: 5–6), symbolized that Christ Jesus was to be smitten or die once. “So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for Him shall He appear the second time without sin unto salvation.” Hebrews 9:28
ellauri164.html on line 900: “The smitten rock was a figure of Christ, and through this symbol the most precious spiritual truths are taught. As the life-giving waters flowed from the smitten rock, so from Christ, ‘smitten of God,’ ‘wounded for our transgressions,’ ‘bruised for our iniquities’ (Isaiah 53:4–5), the stream of salvation flows for a lost race. As the rock had been once smitten, so Christ was to be ‘once offered to bear the sins of many.’ Hebrews 9:28.” –Patriarchs and Prophets, p. 411
ellauri164.html on line 902: Then came the second instance now at a place known as Kadesh. The Children of Israel again murmured for water, against the Lord and His servants, Moses and Aaron. It was this time that the servant(s) of God sinned, having been very faithful in the time past.
ellauri164.html on line 906: Moses was told to speak to the rock, not to strike once, as many suppose.
ellauri164.html on line 908: “By his rash act Moses took away the force of the lesson that God purposed to teach. The rock, being a symbol of Christ, had been once smitten, as Christ was to be once offered. The second time it was needful only to speak to the rock, as we have only to ask for blessings in the name of Jesus. By the second smiting of the rock the significance of this beautiful figure of Christ was destroyed.” –Patriarchs and Prophets, p. 418
ellauri164.html on line 910: “Our Saviour was not to be sacrificed a second time; and it is only necessary for those who seek the blessings of His grace to ask in the name of Jesus, pouring forth the heart’s desire in penitential prayer.” –Patriarchs and Prophets, p. 411. See also Luke 11:9–10
ellauri164.html on line 912: Of course further to that sin was the sin of anger, i.e. “Hear now, ye rebels” and taking the glory and/or power of God, i.e. “Must we fetch you water out of this rock?” as if they had the power themselves.
ellauri164.html on line 914: “Had Moses and Aaron been cherishing self-esteem or indulging a passionate spirit in the face of divine warning and reproof, their guilt would have been far greater. But they were not chargeable with willful or deliberate sin; they had been overcome by a sudden temptation, and their contrition was immediate and heartfelt. The Lord accepted their repentance, though because of the harm their sin might do among the people, He could not remit its punishment.” –Patriarchs and Prophets, p. 419
ellauri164.html on line 916: Moses was so beloved by God, but when he sinned He still punished His servant’s sin. “God is no respecter of persons” (Acts 10:34). Yet it is because he repented, and confessed his sin, that God forgave him. Not long after his death he was resurrected and taken up into heaven (Jude 9)
ellauri164.html on line 923: Moses’ sin occurred in the final years of his life. After faithfully leading Israel out of Egypt, and after their rebellion in the matter of the 12 spies, he also faithfully led them during the forty years of wandering in the wilderness. Yet near the very end of that wandering, in a moment of anger and a lapse of judgment, Moses sinned, and God recorded that it led Him to refuse to allow Moses to enter the promised land. It is difficult to imagine the anguish and remorse Moses must have felt when God revealed this punishment. His failure to give God the proper respect and reverence, though provoked by the wicked rebellion and faithless murmurings of Israel, was a public sin and God chose to publicly and openly punish him for it.
ellauri164.html on line 925: Yet this is the same Moses who was allowed to come and speak to Jesus on the Mount of Transfiguration. It was the same Moses who received the wonderful testimony that “Moses indeed was faithful in all his house as a servant.” So, it is abundantly clear that God forgave him of this sin and still considered him to be among His greatest servants (Lk. 9:30-31; Heb. 3:5). This makes this event very important as it can bring hope and comfort to us when we have fallen short, and after repentance feel that we are no longer worthy and might still be cast away forever. This event reveals that this cannot happen as long as we repent and seek forgiveness in confession.
ellauri164.html on line 927: The events leading up to and ending in his sin are recorded in Numbers 20:1-13. The children of Israel were bitterly angry about not having enough water, so “they gathered together against Moses and Aaron,” and “contended with Moses.” They cast all the blame on him. “Why have you brought up the assembly of the LORD into this wilderness,” “why have you made us come up out of Egypt, to bring us to this evil place?” This was part of the murmuring that we are strictly charged not to imitate (1Cor. 10:10). Israel blamed Moses and Aaron for all their problems and bitterly complained and grumbled about it. They were so bitter and angry they wished they were dead. In all previous acts of rebellion, Moses had always conducted himself in a holy and godly manner. He had warned Israel that their murmuring was against God and never took it personally before.
ellauri164.html on line 929: It appears that Moses was still in complete control of himself when he went to God for instructions. “Moses and Aaron went ... to the door of the tent of meeting, and fell upon their faces.” “Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,” “take the rod; ... gather the congregation together. Speak to the rock before their eyes, and it will yield its water; thus you shall bring water for them out of the rock, and give drink to the congregation and their animals.” Clearly there was nothing difficult to understand and Moses wanted to be as faithful to this command as he had been to all the other commands God had given him.
ellauri164.html on line 931: Yet somehow this time something was different and Moses became very angry. Unfortunately for him, as is so often the case, “the wrath of man does not produce the righteousness of God.” (Jas. 1:20). Moses went too far. “Moses and Aaron gathered the congregation together before the rock; and he said to them, Hear now, you rebels! Must we bring water for you out of this rock? Then Moses lifted his hand and struck the rock twice with his rod; and water came out abundantly, and the congregation and their animals drank.”
ellauri164.html on line 933: Did Moses realize immediately what he had done? At some point after this event, “the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, ‘Because you did not believe Me, to hallow Me in the eyes of the children of Israel, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land which I have given them.’” Their conduct had publicly displayed a lack faith, reverence and respect. God determined that this needed an equally public punishment. The punishment for this sin was grievous. God gave to them a punishment so similar to the one given to all Israel at Kadesh that it was a heart-breaking moment for Moses. Both he and Aaron would die in the wilderness and not be allowed to enter the promised land. What a bitter pill for Moses to swallow. Like David with Bathsheba, God forgave the sin, but did not remove the consequences. The consequences for Moses’ momentary lapse in reverence and respect under the terrible emotion of anger was to be barred from entrance into the promised land.
ellauri164.html on line 935: When God said Moses “failed to sanctify me in the eyes of the people,” He did not specify exactly what this failure was. God had told Moses to “speak to the rock,” but the account stated that “Moses lifted up his hand, and smote the rock with his rod twice.” Clearly, in that act, Moses went beyond what God had commanded him to do. God had told Moses to take the staff, but not use it. He was directly commanded only to speak to the rock. He went beyond what was written when struck that rock. It was similar to Nadab and Abihu who offered “strange fire which He had not commanded them.” At that time Moses saw that such behavior did not “treat God as holy or glorify him among the people” (Lev. 10:1-3). Yet Moses, in anger, failed to hallow God when he struck that rock instead of speaking to it. He had failed to learn “not to go beyond what is written,” (1Cor. 4:6). He was told to speak to the rock (and he did not do that), but struck the rock (which he had no authority to do). God later charged Moses with this sin: “you rebelled against my word at the waters of Meribah” (Num 20:24; 27:13).
ellauri164.html on line 937: There was a second sin that was also committed in that same event. It was not revealed until The Psalmist described it: “it went ill with Moses” because “he spoke rashly with his lips” (Psa 106:33). When we look at what Moses said, we can see exactly how rash he was! “Hear now, ye rebels; shall we bring you forth water out of this rock?” This was a serious lapse in judgment. Moses was not going to bring water out of that rock. So, there was a big problem with that “we.” Hence, first by striking the rock, and second by using a pronoun that elevated them, Moses “believed not in me, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel.”
ellauri164.html on line 939: Conclusion. Though the water came, Moses was severely punished. He was punished in a way that no amount of repentance could remove. As noted above, the sin was forgiven, but the consequences of the sin could not be. Because Moses had sinned publicly and God wanting Israel to understand His righteousness, He would not relent. “Then I pleaded with the Lord at that time... I pray, let me cross over and see the good land beyond the Jordan, those pleasant mountains, and Lebanon ... the Lord said to me: ‘Enough of that! Speak no more to Me of this matter.’ ... you shall not cross over this Jordan.” (Deut. 3:23-27). There is a lot of important lessons we can learn from Moses. This sin is one of them. Though Moses had fallen short of God’s glory here, God forgave him. Yet the consequences of the sin were deeply distressing. So it was with David, Paul and Job. So will it be with us. We need to hate sin and realize that the consequences can sometimes be severe.
ellauri164.html on line 943: “And when you have seen it, you also shall be gathered to your people, as Aaron your brother was gathered. 14 For in the Wilderness of Zin, during the strife of the congregation, you rebelled against My command to hallow Me at the waters before their eyes.” (Num. 27:13-14).
ellauri164.html on line 947: “Then I pleaded with the Lord at that time, saying: 24 'O Lord God, You have begun to show Your servant Your greatness and Your mighty hand, for what god is there in heaven or on earth who can do anything like Your works and Your mighty deeds? 25 I pray, let me cross over and see the good land beyond the Jordan, those pleasant mountains, and Lebanon.' 26 "But the Lord was angry with me on your account, and would not listen to me. So the Lord said to me: 'Enough of that! Speak no more to Me of this matter. 27 Go up to the top of Pisgah, and lift your eyes toward the west, the north, the south, and the east; behold it with your eyes, for you shall not cross over this Jordan.” (Deut. 3:23-27)
ellauri164.html on line 961: The very next verse says, “The community was without water . . . “(Num. 20:2).
ellauri164.html on line 963: But wait. Didn’t we already learn a similar story back in Exodus? In fact, the first story of thirst came very soon after the crossing at the Sea of Reeds (Shemot 17:4). Since that was at the very beginning of the sojourn in the wilderness, before the events that led to God’s decision to delay the Israelites’ entry to the Land—and this story is at the end of the forty years—we can see the two stories as forming a kind of a framework around the whole saga of the wandering. In the first story, the Israelites were the first generation of those who left Egypt. In this story, they are the children and grandchildren of that generation. When we see this kind of framework, we look for the similarities and differences between the bracketing stories. At the same time, we understand that they suggest a theme for the stories between them.
ellauri164.html on line 975: The Israelites had a history of trusting in God because of what they saw. The most famous example, which we repeat in the daily morning service, quotes their experience after the crossing of the Sea of Reeds: “Israel saw the wondrous power which God had wielded against the Egyptians, the people feared God; they had faith in God and in God’s servant, Moses” (Exod. 14:31). They have needed this public, indisputable evidence of their eyes ever since. God knows that what they see is what is most important. And what he wants them to see is Moses speaking—not striking the rock, as he was commanded to do on the former occasion.
ellauri164.html on line 977: God seems to be trying to wean the Israelites from one kind of perception to another: from dependence on the visible and tangible to reliance on speech in connecting with God. At Sinai, all their senses were engaged, but the revelation itself was auditory. When Moses retells and reframes the story (Deut. 4:12), he reminds the people, “The sound of words you did hear, but no image did you see except the sound.” There is a grave danger in relying on the visible. The word forimage in the verse above is temunah—the same word that is used in the Ten Commandments in the warning against idolatry (Exod. 20:4).
ellauri164.html on line 981: Instead, Moses does what he did in the first story, ignoring the fact that he is not dealing with the same population. He acts as though he is saying to himself, “They are just like their parents! Always quarreling!” In fact, they are a new generation, and by reverting to an action that was appropriate forty years earlier, and not now, Moses shows that he is not the person to bring them into the Land.
ellauri171.html on line 106: So they made a deal and a pile of stones. Laban called it Jegar Sahadutha, and Jacob called it Galeed. Couldnt agree about the name of a pile of stones. Elisabet or Jezebel? But it was also called Mitzpah (which means “watchtower”). Se oli oikeasti rajapyykki. Korso. Arameaxi ja kaldeaxi, bounos martyrias ja tumulus testis. Reviirien merkintää. Kumpikin kusi omalle puolellensa kummelia. Jatka lukemista alhaalla.
ellauri171.html on line 183: Luvussa 3, Boas käskee Ruthia ojentamaan vaatteensa ja laittaa sitten hänen päälleen kuusi mittaa ohraa – epärealistisen suuren määrän – mikä saa hänet näyttämään raskaana. Ruth kertoo Naomille, että Boas ei halunnut hänen palaavan anoppinsa luo "tyhjänä". Boas oli 80-vuotias ja Ruut 40-vuotias, kun he menivät naimisiin (Rut R. 6:2), ja vaikka hän kuoli häiden jälkeisenä päivänä (Mid. Ruth, Zuta 4:13), heidän liittoonsa siunattiin lapsi, Obed, Davidin isoisä. Melkoinen puintisessio. Ruth kävi läpi noin 1 epphah ohraa päivässä. Efa vastaa vakaa. Siksi vastaa 8 kuivaa gallonaa. Kuiva gallona on 8 kiloa viljaa. Efa on siis noin 30 kg viljaa. 6 niistä olisi 180kg. Ihme! Jatka lukemista alta. Источник: was-the-barley-harvest-in-the-book-of-ruth.html">https://eastmanind.com/farm-equipment/how-long-was-the-barley-harvest-in-the-book-of-ruth.html.
ellauri171.html on line 204:

ellauri171.html on line 215: Jacques Joseph Tissot (French: [tiso]; 15 October 1836 – 8 August 1902), Anglicized as James Tissot (/ˈtɪsoʊ/), was a French painter and illustrator. He was a successful painter of Paris society before moving to London in 1871. He became famous as a genre painter of fashionably dressed women shown in various scenes of everyday life. He also painted scenes and figures from the Bible.
ellauri171.html on line 217: His father, Marcel Théodore Tissot, was not a watchmaker but a successful drapery merchant. He took part in losing the war of 1870 and in the Paris Commune. In 1885, Tissot had a revival of his Catholic faith, which led him to spend the rest of his life making paintings about Biblical events. Many of his artist friends were skeptical about his conversion, as it conveniently coincided with the French Catholic revival, a reaction against the secular attitude of the French Third Republic. They brought Tissot vast wealth and fame. Tissot spent the last years of his life in his chateau working on paintings of subjects from the Old Testament. Although he never completed the series, he exhibited 80 of these paintings in Paris in 1901 and engravings after them were published in 1904. In the first half of the 20th century, there was a re-kindling of interest in his portraits of fashionable ladies and some fifty years later, these were achieving record prices.
ellauri171.html on line 237:
ellauri171.html on line 388: What’s the story really about? At the time the story of Cain and Abel developed, there was constant friction between farmers and herdsmen, both of them fighting for the limited resources of the land. Cain kills Abel. A herd of goats in a stony, barren landscape The herdsmen were angry when the farmers took over the best land for their crops the farmers were angry when the flocks trampled their crops.This friction leads to violence in which people get killed. Notice that the story was developed by the herdsmen, the keepers of flocks. This explains why Abel, the herdsman, is portrayed as the injured party. Lucky Luke-tarinassa Piikkilankoja preerialla skooparit repi pelihousunsa kun jyväjemmarit pystyttivät piikkilankoja preerialle. Sillä kertaa oli maajussit hyvixiä. Nyt on keskusta taas paha.
ellauri171.html on line 400: The political stability of Israel was often upset by people called ‘prophets’. These were social critics who spoke bluntly about injustice when they saw it. Rather like the Alt-Right TV evangelists.
ellauri171.html on line 404: Why did Herod hate John? John was highly critical of the ruler of Galilee, Herod Antipas, who had married the divorced wife of his brother. The woman’s name was Herodias, and she had a beautiful daughter Salome. John spoke out loud and clear against the incest that, according to Jewish law, was being committed by Antipas and Herodias. Pentateukin leviraattisäännöt on pirullisia. Enste pitää mennä naimisiin veljen vaimon kanssa, sitten taas ei saa.
ellauri171.html on line 406: It was a dangerous thing to do. He might have got away with it with Antipas, who was indolent and indecisive, but Herodias was another matter. She engineered a situation that led to John’s death, silencing him forever. Did Herodias do it alone? Probably not. It is more likely that all three (Antipas, Herodias and Salome) planned the charade beforehand, to provide an excuse for getting rid of John and silencing him. In any case John, already in prison, was quickly beheaded. Another political problem was solved. Were it not for the fact that the gospels recorded this deed, John’s name and the horror of his death would have been lost forever.
ellauri171.html on line 424: The problem was made worse by the fact that the Israelites occupied border territory. If there was an invasion, they might defect to the enemy. This could mean the collapse of the Egyptian Empire. Just like the Ukrainians. So off with them. Wait! Pharaoh did not want to eject them from Egypt – they were too valuable as workers. So he sought to control their numbers by forced labour and by child slaughter. Hmm. Mitähän opetuxia tästäkin tarinasta voisi ottaa?
ellauri171.html on line 426: He told the midwives that every male baby must be killed as soon as it was born. He knew that in Jewish families, women did all the work and the men just sat in jeshivas and thumbed the holy books. So off with them!
ellauri171.html on line 427: This plan was thwarted by the Hebrew midwives, including Shiprah and Puah. So Pharaoh ordered instead that every newborn Israelite boy was to be hurled into the Nile waters and left to drown. This solution worked. Except for Moses.
ellauri171.html on line 438: Judith was a rich and beautiful widow who lived in a town besieged by Nebuchadnezzar’s general, Holofernes. Holofernes taisi olla jonkun suomalaisen kirjailijapoppoon kesäveneen nimi. Haavistoilla lomailee erittäin kovaääninen lahtelainen mies jonka lisänimi on Holofernes, koska se holottaa niin maan saatanasti. Haaviston rouvan aivasteltua koko mäen hereille alkaa Holoferneen lakkaamaton holotus. Talasniemellä ois Judithille töitä.
ellauri171.html on line 441: This was when Judith went into action. She went into the enemy camp and offered Holofernes information that would help him defeat her own people.
ellauri171.html on line 442: He may or may not have believed her, but her beauty made her a sexual fly-trap, and he allowed her to stay. In the ensuring battle of tits, Judith managed to outwit her prey. While he was drunk and had emptied his bollocks into her, she pulled his sword out of its scabbard, prayed to God for strength, hacked Holofernes’ head off, then escaped back to her people.
ellauri171.html on line 444: When the murder was discovered the enemy soldiers fled in panic, so Judith was proclaimed the savior of her people.
ellauri171.html on line 455: Jezebel was the powerful queen of Israel during the reign of King Ahab. When her husband was killed in battle, the throne passed to Ahab’s son Ahaziah.
ellauri171.html on line 456: Fairly soon, Ahaziah died in an accidental fall through a lattice window in his palace (now that’s hard to believe), and was succeeded by his brother Jehoram.
ellauri171.html on line 457: During this period Jezebel was the powerful Queen Mother, the alpha female of Israel.
ellauri171.html on line 460: Jehu was merciless, and Jezebel died horribly. She was first thrown from the window of her palace, then trampled to death by chariot horses driven over her still-living body.
ellauri171.html on line 461: Left to rot while Jehu dined, her body was eaten by stray dogs.
ellauri171.html on line 468: We forgot to mention that Jezebel was the New Testament's N:o 2 whore after Magdalen. In Revelation 2 Jesus Christ rebukes the church of Thyatira saying, “You allow that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess, to teach and seduce My servants to commit sexual immorality and eat things sacrificed to idols”. Christ also says of this Jezebel, “I gave her time to repent of her sexual immorality, and she did not repent. I will kill her children with death.” Battle of the sexes. In Handmaid's Tale, a Jezebel is a woman forced to become prostitute and entertainer. They are available only to the Commanders and to their guests. Offred portrays Jezebels as attractive and educated; they may be unsuitable as handmaids due to temperament. They have been sterilized, a surgery that is forbidden to other women. They operate in unofficial but state-sanctioned brothels, unknown to most women. Jezebels, whose title also comes from the Bible (note Queen Jezebel in the Books of Kings), dress in the remnants of sexualized costumes from "the time before", such as cheerleaders' costumes, school uniforms, and Playboy Bunny costumes. Jezebels can wear make-up, drink alcohol, and socialize with men, but are tightly controlled by the Aunts. When they pass their sexual prime and/or their looks fade, they are discarded, without any precision as to whether they are killed or sent to "the Colonies" (XII Jezebels).
ellauri171.html on line 499: Dinah oli yxi Enid Blytonin Salaisuussarjan lapsista. Sen veli oli Philip ja niillä oli papukaija jonka nimi oli Kiki. Kiki huusi aina jotain sattuvaa. Who was Dinah & what was her story?
ellauri171.html on line 503: Dinah was the daughter of Leah, the unloved wife of the tribal leader Jacob. Jacob had always preferred his other wife Rachel, even though Leah seems to have been a loving wife and gave her husband many children.
ellauri171.html on line 504: From the start, therefore, Dinah may have felt that she was unloved by her father, the very man who should have loved her.
ellauri171.html on line 506: At the time of this story, she must have been very young – about fourteen years, since she was born after Leah’s four sons. Even though young, she was considered to be of marriageable age.
ellauri171.html on line 512: What happened to Dinah? "ithout giving any details of where she was or how it happened, the Bible simply says that Shechem, the son of the local ruler, took hold of her and and had sexual intercourse with her by force. There was seeing, desiring and taking just as there was with the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden, where the pattern for sin had begun, tai vaikka jossain jäzkibaarissa.
ellauri171.html on line 556: Stone knife with bone handle was a common tool in ancient times.
ellauri171.html on line 585: Who was right? Jacob, or his sons? Jacob is angry, as well he might be. He tells Simeon and Levi they have brought trouble on him. Now everyone will hate them and try to kill them.
ellauri171.html on line 597: Dinah means ‘she who has been judged and found innocent’. She was the daughter of Jacob and Leah.
ellauri171.html on line 598: Shechem means ‘shoulder’ or ‘saddle’, the shape of mountains encircling ancient Shechem. He was the son of Hamor the Hivite.
ellauri171.html on line 610: The old man who was the Levite’s host offered the men his own daughter instead, as well as the concubine, but the men outside would not listen.
ellauri171.html on line 613: Her husband saw her and sternly told her to get up. There was no answer. She was dead.
ellauri171.html on line 617: ‘In the morning her master got up, opened the doors of the house, and when he went out to go on his way, there was his concubine lying at the door of the house, with her hands on the threshold. ‘Get up’ he said to her, ‘we are going’. But there was no answer.’ (Judges 19:27-28)
ellauri171.html on line 624: Now it came about in those days, when there was no king in Israel, that there was a certain Levite staying in the remote part of the hill country of Ephraim, who took a concubine for himself from Bethlehem in Judah. Judges 19:1 (NASB)
ellauri171.html on line 628: But his concubine played the harlot against him, and she went away from him to her father’s house in Bethlehem in Judah, and was there for a period of four months. Judges 19:2 (NASB)
ellauri171.html on line 632: Then her husband arose and went after her to speak tenderly to her in order to bring her back, taking with him his servant and a pair of donkeys. So she brought him into her father’s house, and when the girl’s father saw him, he was glad to meet him. His father-in-law, the girl’s father, detained him; and he remained with him three days. So they ate and drank and lodged there. Judges 19:3-4 (NASB)
ellauri171.html on line 646: But the men surrounding the house refused the offer of the women. So the Levite brought his concubine outside and the men raped her all night (Judges 19:25). The Hebrew translated as “raped” is yada. It was commonly used to refer to sexual intercourse. That is, the men raped her all night. At sunrise the concubine lay at the door of the house.
ellauri171.html on line 648: But the men would not listen to him. So the man seized his concubine and brought her out to them; and they raped her and abused her all night until morning, then let her go at the approach of dawn. As the day began to dawn, the woman came and fell down at the doorway of the man’s house where her master was, until full daylight. Judges 19:25-26 (NASB)
ellauri171.html on line 650: In the morning the Levite awoke and found her laying outside of the door of the house. He told her, “Get up and let us go, but there was no answer.”
ellauri171.html on line 652: When her master arose in the morning and opened the doors of the house and went out to go on his way, then behold, his concubine was lying at the doorway of the house with her hands on the threshold. He said to her, “Get up and let us go,” but there was no answer . . . Judges 19:27-28a (NASB)
ellauri171.html on line 658: When he arrived home to the remote part of the hill country of Ephraim, he cut her up into twelve pieces. One piece for each of the twelve tribes was distributed throughout Israel. Finally, we are told that nothing like this had ever happened. So the twelve tribes tried to decide how to respond.
ellauri171.html on line 668: Judges 21:1-7, 13-18 tells us that the Israelites began to feel sorry of the remaining six hundred men from the tribe of Benjamin. Therefore, a plan was created to allow the Benjamite men to abduct one wife from among the virgin daughters of Shiloh of their choosing (Judges 21:20-24) at the feast of the Lord in Shiloh. So when the virgins came out and danced, the men of Benjamin were allowed to “catch his wife from among the daughters of Shiloh” (Judges 21:21).
ellauri171.html on line 676: The first important lesson from this account is that the Bible indicates God did not approve of the horrible sins that occurred in the city of Gibeah. Judges 20:18, 23, 28, 35 repeatedly reveal that God directed the other tribes of Israel to action against a morally evil tribe. This reveals that the accusation of some that Scripture is silent about the evil that occurred is wrong. The reason the account is recorded is summarized at the end of Judges 21. There God reveals that He condemned the nation of Israel for its actions in Judges 19-21. Judges 21:25 says, “In those days there was no king in Israel; everyone did what was right in his own eyes.” It reveals what happens when men and women abandon God. Romans 3:10-18 states the human race is utterly perverted and their actions will demonstrate it. It says no one seeks after God. “There is not even one!” We have all turned aside from God. Jesus said to the rich young ruler in Matthew 19:17 that there is only One who is good and He is God. The rest of Romans 3:10-18 describes our utter sinfulness and despicable behavior when we abandon God. That describes the inhabitants of Gibeah and the nation of Benjamin. Tämmöistä sakinhivutusta suositaan armeijoissa nykyäänkin. Jos syyllistä ei saada kiinni, pannaan koko komppania kärsimään. Hemmetti tää on kyllä alkeellista touhua. Kuka tästä enää haluaa mitään oppia? No vizi on että raamatun lukijoista on varmasti yli 50% just yhtä alkeellista porukkaa. Ei apinat ole mihkään muuttuneet, ne on sopeutuneet tähän.
ellauri171.html on line 678: Our second lesson is that our sins affect others and potentially lead others to sin. The first sin in this account occurred in the home of the Levite and concubine. The fact that the Levite planned to “speak tenderly to her” (Judges 19:3) in order to win her back, seems to imply that they had quarreled. The most obvious sin is that she committed adultery when she became a prostitute. The initial sin cascaded into the horrific evils in Gibeah and subsequently to the 400 virgins who were taken alive in Jabesh-gilead to be given as wives to the remaining men of Benjamin. Judges 21:25 says, “. . . everyone did what was right in his own eyes.”
ellauri171.html on line 680: This account also reveals that a husband should forgive an unfaithful wife and even pursue her. He was successful in his attempt. He is to be commended for this action, but not for his horrible decision to give her to the filthy homosexuals (or perhaps bi- considering the case) in the city of Gibeah, who raped her all night until she died.
ellauri171.html on line 682: When Judges 21:25 records that everyone did what was right in their own eyes, we must realize that it described how insensitive the entire nation of Israel had become to sin. The reason that God ordered the destruction of the tribe of Benjamin was that they were so insensitive to sin that the tribe was irredeemably sinful and had to be destroyed. In Deuteronomy 8:19-20, God warned the nation that He would destroy it if they abandoned Him. Therefore, He destroyed most of the tribe of Benjamin in order to prevent contamination to the other eleven tribes.
ellauri171.html on line 684: A fifth lesson is that the account describes what happens when men and women abandon God. Sex and other immoral behavior replace God! The entire story is an example of unrestrained animal lust and human depravity. Total disregard for life occurs. What one desires is all that is important. As Proverbs 30:15 says, “The leech has two daughters, “Give,” “Give” . . . ” Women are less important than men. Men abuse men. Unloving men abusively rule over women. Sex trumps everything else. Why? Judges 21:25 says, “. . . everyone did what was right in his own eyes.”
ellauri171.html on line 690: Another lesson is that the Levite was supposedly a godly man and priest. The account does not tell us what ultimately happened to him, but Judges 20:4-5 seems to imply that he lied about his actions in order to save himself. Scripture records what appears to be deception. It is not enough for someone to claim to a godly person. It appears that Scripture records he was not fit for the priesthood. Being a pastor or a priest is not a “job” or “vocation.” Some have said that character does not matter. It is what one accomplishes. But Scripture repeatedly demonstrates that God uses righteous ministers! This man’s behavior demonstrated he was not qualified to be a priest.
ellauri171.html on line 692: Our eighth lesson reveals the twelve tribes were becoming more like the Canaanites, which were given to sexual perversion: homosexuality, rape, adultery, murder, lies, abuse of women, abduction, absence of justice and the defense of the guilty. What sins did we miss? In truth these are sufficient to demonstrate the utter moral decline of the twelve tribes and one tribe that was worse than the others.
ellauri171.html on line 698: Daniel Block writes these words, “The Levite had preferred Gibeah over Jebus to avoid the dangers of Canaanism, only to discover that Canaan had invaded his own world.” Sadly, Canaanism is invading our world and some western countries appear to be far worse than the tribe of Benjamin. They do not even seek the Lord for direction. At least the other eleven tribes sought the Lord and killed tens of thousands more. Jehovah was appeased.
ellauri171.html on line 709: This was Number 8 of Bible Murders: Jael and Sisera. Ancient metal tent pegs! Jael's improvised weapon were ancient metal tent pegs! Can you beat that?
ellauri171.html on line 717: Jael was a foil for Deborah, Bible heroine, a Supreme Judge of Israel – not a judge who passes sentence on criminals, but a leader and adviser in times of trouble. She badgered the Israelite general into joining battle with the Canaanites, even though the enemy had more soldiers and better equipment. God sent a rainstorm that made the Canaanite chariots sitting ducks for the Israelite slingmen – and Deborah was hailed as a national heroine.
ellauri171.html on line 722: Deborah was ‘just a woman’ but when war came she took up the reins of leadership – even though the Israelites were outnumbered and under-equipped.
ellauri171.html on line 730: As he passed by her tent, Jael called the unwary Sisera into her tent. He was exhausted and desperate for a refuge. She hid him and fed him, and he fell into a deep sleep. Then she calmly took one of her tent pegs and with one blow hammered it through the side of his head. She was hailed as a national heroine by the Israelites. Sisera’s mother waited and waited for her son to return. But he was already dead by Jael’s hand.
ellauri171.html on line 739: Ehud murders Eglon at a 19th century commode - but ancient lavatory arrangements were probably similar. Ehud, an Israelite, reluctantly carried tribute to the hated Moabite king Eglon. He did not want to do it, but he knew he had to – Eglon was like a Mafia chieftain, too powerful and too violent to disobey.
ellauri171.html on line 740: But Ehud had a plan. As he handed the booty over, he whispered to the king that he has secret information that he could only divulge in private. The king, intrigued, invited Ehud into a private room upstairs. It was a tiny room with a commode toilet for the use of the king and his family.
ellauri171.html on line 744: He was left-handed. The guards searched for a weapon on his left thigh where a right-handed person would have hidden it. They missed the knife inside his right thigh! Clever! Bible Murders: Ehud murders Eglon. Man's body of about the same proportions as Eglon's. The Bible gives a graphic description of the king’s body. It was so fat that the blade went deep into his belly: it plunged so far in that the hilt went in as well, and the skin closed over it.
ellauri171.html on line 745: Ehud’s hand was covered in faeces. Then Ehud quickly left, locking the door after him so the servants would think the king was taking his time as he relieved himself.
ellauri171.html on line 746: Ehud escaped, and when the servants finally checked on their king he was dead, and very messy.
ellauri171.html on line 757: There is something particularly cruel about this slaughter of the innocents. It was done by people the boys had grown to trust, but who now hunted them down and killed them violently.
ellauri171.html on line 790: Though Christ never taught it was wrong to have wealth, He did warn about the snare of riches. For example, there was a rich young man who came to Him during His ministry. He asked Jesus what He must do to inherit eternal life. Jesus told Him, “sell what you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow Me” (Matthew 19:21). As the episode unfolds, the rich young man could not bring himself to do this. He “went away sorrowful, but anyway he had great possessions” (Matthew 19:22).
ellauri171.html on line 792: At this point, Jesus said to His disciples, “it is hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 19:23). Hard but not impossible. A camel can be diluted in acid and injected thru a needle. Anyway it was just the name of a gate in Jerusalem. This is because the care of riches in this life can be a snare for a Christian. A Christian’s heart cannot be set on riches and cares of this world above the Kingdom of God. In another example, the parable of the sower, Jesus warned that some who receive the word of God will allow their spiritual growth to be choked off by “the cares of this world and the deceitfulness of riches” (Matthew 13:22). These things show us that being poor can help a Christian not to be ensnared by such things. No cause to complain then.
ellauri171.html on line 835: Ba'alat Gebal, goddess of Byblos, Phoenicia. She was distinguished in iconography from Astarte or similar goddesses by two tall, upright feathers in her headdress.[citation needed]
ellauri171.html on line 843: Baalshamin also called Baal Shamem and Baal Shamaim, supreme sky god of Palmyra, Syria whose temple was destroyed on August 23, 2015 by ISIL. His attributes were the eagle and the lightning bolt. Part of trinity of deities along with Aglibol and Malakbel.
ellauri171.html on line 847: Bel, or Bol, was the chief god of Palmyra, Syria whose temple was destroyed on August 30, 2015 by ISIL.
ellauri171.html on line 861: Ishat, goddess of fire, wife of Moloch. She was slain by Anat.
ellauri171.html on line 899: Shachar and Shalim, twin mountain gods of dawn and dusk, respectively. Shalim was linked to the netherworld via the evening star and associated with peace
ellauri171.html on line 922: The Late Bronze Age collapse was a time of societal collapse between c.1200 and 1150 BCE, preceding the Greek Dark Ages. The collapse affected a large area covering much of Southeast Europe, West Asia and North Africa, comprising the overlapping regions of the Near East and Eastern Mediterranean, with Egypt, eastern Libya, the Balkans, the Aegean, Anatolia, and the Caucasus. It was a transition which historians believe was violent, sudden, and culturally disruptive for some Bronze Age civilizations during the 12th century BCE, along with a sharp economic decline of regional powers.
ellauri171.html on line 928: The last Bronze Age king of Ugarit, Ammurapi (circa 1215 to 1180 BC), was a contemporary of the last known Hittite king, Suppiluliuma II. Ammurapi oli amoriitti kuten esi-isänsä Hammurabi (1792 BC to c. 1750), se Babylonian silmä silmästä, hammas hampaasta kaveri. The exact dates of his reign are unknown. However, a letter by the king is preserved, in which Ammurapi stresses the seriousness of the crisis faced by many Near Eastern states due to attacks (but by whom?). Ammurapi pleads for assistance from the king of Alashiya, highlighting the desperate situation Ugarit faced:
ellauri171.html on line 938: When your messenger arrived, the army was humiliated and the city was sacked. Our food in the threshing floors was burnt and the vineyards were also destroyed. Our city is sacked. May you know it! May you know it! Damn the snail mail!
ellauri171.html on line 943: After its destruction in the early 12th century BC Ugarit's location was forgotten until 1928 when a peasant accidentally opened an old tomb while ploughing a field.
ellauri171.html on line 947: According to the pantheon, known in Ugarit as 'ilhm (Elohim) or the children of El, supposedly obtained by Philo of Byblos from Sanchuniathon of Berythus (Beirut) the creator was known as Elion, who was the father of the divinities, and in the Greek sources he was married to Beruth (Beirut = the city). This marriage of the divinity with the city would seem to have Biblical parallels too with the stories of the link between Melqart and Tyre; Chemosh and Moab; Tanit and Baal Hammon in Carthage, Yah and Jerusalem.
ellauri171.html on line 951: In Canaanite mythology there were twin mountains Targhizizi and Tharumagi which hold the firmament up above the earth-circling ocean, thereby bounding the earth. W. F. Albright, for example, says that El Shaddai is a derivation of a Semitic stem that appears in the Akkadian shadû ("mountain") and shaddā'û or shaddû'a ("mountain-dweller"), one of the names of Amurru. Philo of Byblos states that Atlas was one of the Elohim, which would clearly fit into the story of El Shaddai as "God of the Mountain(s)". Harriet Lutzky has presented evidence that Shaddai was an attribute of a Semitic goddess, linking the epithet with Hebrew šad "breast" as "the one of the Breast". The idea of two mountains being associated here as the breasts of the Earth, fits into the Canaanite mythology quite well. The ideas of pairs of mountains seem to be quite common in Canaanite mythology (similar to Horeb and Sinai in the Bible). The late period of this cosmology makes it difficult to tell what influences (Roman, Greek, or Hebrew) may have informed Philo's writings.
ellauri171.html on line 955: Archaeological investigations at the site of Tell es-Safi have found the remains of donkeys, as well as some sheep and goats in Early Bronze Age layers, dating to 4,900 years ago which were imported from Egypt in order to be sacrificed. One of the sacrificial animals, a complete donkey, was found beneath the foundations of a building, leading to speculation this was a 'foundation deposit' placed before the building of a residential house. Me syötiin Kiinan teevuorilla kerran aasikeittoa. Ei se pahaa ollut.
ellauri171.html on line 957: It is considered virtually impossible to reconstruct a clear picture of Canaanite religious practices. Although child sacrifice was known to surrounding peoples, there is no reference to it in ancient Phoenician or Classical texts. The biblical representation of Canaanite religion is always negative.
ellauri171.html on line 963: The land of Canaan comprises the modern regions of Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria. At the time when Canaanite religion was practiced, Canaan was divided into various city states. Baal oli se sama Iisebelin bali jota Hannibalkin palveli, nehän oli molemmat foinikialaisia. Toiset pelkää eliä ja toiset balia. El tai bal, ylijohtaja tai herra, paljon väliä. Sano vaan hannixi balit jäi aidalle.
ellauri171.html on line 970: Jezebel (circa 910–841 BCE) was the wife of Ahab—king of Israel, daughter of Etbaal— king of Tyros (Phoenician empire), and mother of Ahazia and Jehoram—Ahab’s sons and successors. Ethbaal served as a priest of Astarte, the primary Phoenician goddess.
ellauri171.html on line 973: Jezebel’s marriage to Ahab was a political alliance. The union provided both peoples with military protection from powerful enemies as well as valuable trade routes: Israel gained access to the Phoenician ports; Phoenicia gained passage through Israel’s central hill country to Transjordan and especially to the King’s Highway, the heavily traveled inland route connecting the Gulf of Aqaba in the south with Damascus in the north. But although the marriage is sound foreign policy, it is intolerable to the Deuteronomist because of Jezebel’s competing gods.
ellauri171.html on line 976: What the fuck so she stuck to her own people's gods, that was her biggest sin. Besides being smarter than her rather goofy hubby Ahab.
ellauri171.html on line 987: But the appearance of Jezebel in the bible includes no mention of her sexuality. In the Hebrew Bible, Jezebel appears in the books of first and second Kings as the wife of King Ahab— the marriage being a political alliance between Israel and Sidon (a coastal city to the north) where Jezebel was the princess. Jezebel brings her religion to Israel with her, and the worship of Baal is blasphemy in the eyes of the biblical writers. According to the text, Jezebel begins killing Israel’s prophets. Because of this, Elijah challenges the prophets of Baal to a showdown with Israel’s deity. The Baal worshipers fail to summon their deity, so Elijah calls upon Yahweh and fire descends from heaven and consumes the altar. Having won, Elijah then slaughters all of the prophets of Baal. Jezebel threatens to kill Elijah by the same time the next day, and, ironically, Elijah retreats.
ellauri171.html on line 991: The final time we hear of Jezebel (an entire chapter later) is just before her demise. Having just killed the sitting king and son of Jezebel, Jehu enters town to do the same to her. As she sees Jehu, Jezebel stands at the window, issues one last zinger insult, and then puts on makeup. Jehu commands the eunuchs to throw her down, they do so, and Jezebel is trampled. The donning of makeup is the final impetus for her conception as a whore. The most popular interpretation is that Jezebel puts on makeup in effort to seduce Jehu, but this interpretation is not bolstered by the text. Jezebel is the sitting Queen, presumably old in age by now, and has performed in a political function her entire life. She very likely understands that she is about to die and even issues one last insult as Jehu approaches. A more compassionate reading of the text would indicate that Jezebel, for lack of a better term, “goes out with a bang.” Except Jehu hardly banged her If she was an old hag by then.
ellauri171.html on line 999: Idolatry (other religious conviction) was Jezebel’s most grievous sin. She would fatten the prophets of Baal and Asherah, thus vexing God and arousing His ire.
ellauri171.html on line 1005: The Zohar explains that although Elijah was a prophet of Gad, it is the practice of the righteous to avoid situations that require miraculous divine intervention unless absolutely necessary. Because Jezebel had threatened to harm him, Elijah escaped quickly to save Gad the trouble of a supernatural rescue mission. Gad was a little out of breath after the Carmel incident.
ellauri171.html on line 1009: The medieval commentators differ on whether Jezebel converted to Judaism in a halachically acceptable manner. R. Levi ben Gershom (Ralbag, 1288-1344) is of the view that Jezebel did not fully embrace Judaism and was not a halachic Jewess. This would mean that her two sons, Ahazia and Jehoram, also lacked Jewish credentials. But his assumption is challenged by the fact that there are indications throughout rabbinic works that Ahazia and Jehoram were regarded as bona-fide halachic Jews. Indeed, this is the position taken by a number of halachic authorities. Some contemporary authors argue instead that Jehoram was the son of another of Ahab’s 100% Jewish wives.
ellauri171.html on line 1017: It seems reasonable that Jezebel, a foreign royal princess by birth, was highly educated and efficient. Also, although her son’s theophoric names have the element yah or yahu (referring to God) in them, she seems to have been a patron and devotee of the Baal cult.
ellauri171.html on line 1018: It is not incomprehensible that, whereas Ahab devoted himself to military and foreign affairs, Jezebel acted as his deputy for internal affairs: the Naboth report comes back to her, as if the king’s seal was hers; she has her own “table,” that is her own economic establishment and budget; she has her own “prophets,” probably a religious establishment that she controls. All these point toward an official or semiofficial position that Jezebel held by virtue of her character, her royal origin and connections, her husband’s and later her children’s esteem, and her religious affiliation to the Baal (possibly also Asherah) cult.
ellauri171.html on line 1023: For more than two thousand years, Jezebel has been saddled with a reputation as the bad girl of the Bible, the wickedest of women. This ancient queen has been denounced as a murderer, prostitute and enemy of God, and her name has been adopted for lingerie lines and World War II missiles alike. But just how depraved was Jezebel?
ellauri171.html on line 1056: Judah, a man of honor (buahahaha) tries to pay. His friend Hirah goes looking for her, asking around for the kedeshah in the road (Gen 38:21.). The NRSV translates this as “temple prostitute,” but a kedeshah was not a sacred prostitute; she was a public woman, who might be found along the roadway (as virgins and married women should not be). She could engage in sex, but might also be sought out for lactation, midwifery, and other female concerns. By looking for a kedeshah, Hirah can look for a public woman without revealing Judah’s private life. The woman, of course, is nowhere to be found. Judah, mindful of his public image, calls off the search rather than became a laughingstock. BRUAAHAHAHA!
ellauri171.html on line 1062: Tamar was assertive of her rights and subversive of convention. She was also deeply loyal to Judah’s family. These qualities also show up in Ruth, who appears later in the lineage of Perez and preserves Boaz’s part of that line. The blessing at Ruth’s wedding underscores the similarity in its hope that Boaz’s house “be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah” (Ruth 4:12). Tamar’s (and Ruth’s) traits of assertiveness in action, willingness to be unconventional, and deep loyalty to family are the very qualities that distinguish their descendant, King David.
ellauri171.html on line 1081: This old testament death-feast was initially slated to debut in Midrash. Watching it, you'll wonder why the distributor changed its plans.
ellauri171.html on line 1096: Tamara 2 was the beautiful daughter of the great King David and Maacah, a princess from a neighboring kingdom. Her half-brother Amnon became obsessed with her.
ellauri171.html on line 1097: He lured her to his room and raped her, then refused to marry her. Niin aina. She was disgraced, and never married. Her embittered brother Absalom rebelled against David, but was defeated and killed. Tamar lived out her days in the royal harem getting fucked on and off by the great King.
ellauri171.html on line 1099: David had a number of wives, but one of the most high-ranking was Maacah, the daughter of King Talmai of the neighboring kingdom of Geshur. Maacah had two children, both of them extraordinarily good-looking. The first was her son Absalom, a favorite of his father’s, the other her daughter Tamar, whose looks stood out even in this family of beautiful children.
ellauri171.html on line 1101: Tamar probably had a marriage arranged for her when she was still a child – this was the usual procedure for royal princesses. But things did not go to plan.
ellauri171.html on line 1104: The catch was that he was not prepared to offer her marriage.
ellauri171.html on line 1105: Why not? At that time it would have been a possibility, though not a preferred one. Perhaps the marriage that had been arranged for Tamar was too politically sensitive to upset, or maybe Amnon thought that David would disapprove of his obsession, seeing it as a weakness. After all, a king could not afford to let emotions interfere with politics. Remember Batsheba, haha.
ellauri171.html on line 1109: In any case, Tamar was out of Amnon’s reach. As a royal princess and a virgin, she was closely watched by the harem eunuchs. She lived in the women’s quarters, and could not go outside its walls unless accompanied by other women and guards. There seemed no opportunity for Amnon to get her alone, let alone into his bedroom.
ellauri171.html on line 1112: But Amnon was not used to being refused something he wanted. He must have discussed his obsession with a friend of his, a clever cousin called Jonadab, because this young man came up with a plan. They would lure Tamar into Amnon’s room on the pretext that her half-brother was ill, and once they were alone there Amnon could have what he wanted. Bedrooms in ancient mansions were designed to receive guests/visitors.
ellauri171.html on line 1114: Amnon took to his bed, feigning illness. This caused consternation in the court. The health of a king’s eldest son was no small matter, and David was concerned. The doctors were consulted, and when they could not come up with a cure he visited his son, coming to the room where the young man lay.
ellauri171.html on line 1123: Since they were directly commanded to go, her servants also had to leave the room – David’s heir was not someone to be crossed. Then, still feigning the irritation of a sick person, he went into the bedroom alcove and insisted he would only eat the food if she brought it to him there and fed him with her own hand.
ellauri171.html on line 1125: When she did this, leaning forward with the food, he took hold of her and pulled her to him, molesting her. Alone and unguarded, she had no chance of fending him off. She resisted him as best she could, she argued and pleaded, pointed out that what he was doing was wrong, that they could marry if he wished, that rape would bring ruin to them both.
ellauri171.html on line 1127: Tamar was struggling for her life, not just her virginity. If she was no longer a virgin no-one would want her, no-one would marry her, even though she was the king’s daughter. But her pleading had no effect on Amnon. He was too strong for her, and he got in and raped her, in fact repeatedly.
ellauri171.html on line 1129: When Amnon had finished his brutal business, his feelings for Tamar suddenly changed. Now he was revolted by the sight of her, could not bear to look at her, was filled with a loathing far stronger than the lust he had previously felt.
ellauri171.html on line 1132: To cast her out now, a violated woman, was worse than raping her, since it meant the crime continued. She could never marry or have children, never have a normal life. As far as the people around her were concerned, she would be a used object, unwanted, an outcast. Raping is not bad as such if you provide child support.
ellauri171.html on line 1134: Amnon ignored her words. He was without pity or remorse. He had his servant literally throw her out of the room. He would not even use her name: ‘Put this woman out of my presence, and bolt the door after her.’
ellauri171.html on line 1149: When her brother Absalom found out what had happened he comforted her as best he could, and moved her out of the harem into his own house. Then he went to the King and demanded that Amnon marry his sister – marriage between a half-brother and sister was a possibility in this extreme case, though biblical law prohibited it elsewhere. But for his favorite king David Jehovah was prepared to make an exception.
ellauri171.html on line 1151: Prince Amnon refused outright to marry her, the callous streak already evident in David now coming out in the son. David was angry, but did nothing to resolve the situation, or even to punish Amnon for what he had done. This was typical of David – he could never chastise his sons even when they deserved it. Instead he did what many people have done when confronted with rape or incest – he protected the abuser rather than the victim, and tried to hush things up.
ellauri171.html on line 1155: But her brother Absalom was not so accommodating. He could not force Amnon to marry the devastated Tamar, but he would take his revenge – vendetta was part of Near Eastern culture.
ellauri171.html on line 1157: Absalom waited, biding his time. For two years he said nothing, did nothing, but then he set his trap. He gave a feast for all David’s sons. At the height of the festivities when Amnon was half-drunk, Absalom had his half-brother killed, stabbed to death in a scene reminiscent of a Mafia killing. In the ensuring turmoil Absalom escaped, fleeing for sanctuary to Geshur, his grandfather’s territory.
ellauri171.html on line 1159: Did the murder of Amnon help Tamar in any way? Probably not. It may have given her some fleeting satisfaction, but as matters stood she was condemned to the life of a childless widow.
ellauri172.html on line 260: Other writers [who?] have opted to deny the validity of the illustration. A typical [citation needed] counter-argument is that rationality as described in the paradox is so limited as to be a straw man version of the real thing. The idea that a random decision could be made is sometimes used as an attempted justification for faith. The argument is that, like the starving ass, we must make a choice to avoid being frozen in endless doubt. Other counter-arguments exist. [This paragraph was total balderdash, if I may say so.]
ellauri172.html on line 265: The situation of Buridan's ass was given a mathematical basis in a 1984 paper by American computer scientist Leslie Lamport (LaTex -ladontaskriptikielen kexijä, LOL), in which Lamport presents an argument that, given certain assumptions about continuity in a simple mathematical model of the Buridan's ass problem, there is always some starting condition under which the ass starves to death, no matter what strategy it takes. He points out that just because we do not see people's asses starving to death through indecision, this does not disprove the principle. The persistence of a Buridan's undecided state for the required length of time may just be sufficiently improbable that it has not been observed.
ellauri172.html on line 271: Lewis Cass, the Democratic candidate for president in 1848, was contrasted with Buridan's ass by Abraham Lincoln: "Mr. Speaker, we have all heard of the animal standing in doubt between two stacks of hay, and starving to death. The like would never happen to General Cass; place the stacks a thousand miles apart, he would stand stock still midway between them, and eat them both at once, and the green grass along the line would be apt to suffer some too at the same time."
ellauri172.html on line 281: 21 Balaam got up in the morning, saddled his donkey and went with the Moabite officials. 22 But God was very angry(A) when he went, and the angel of the Lord(B) stood in the road to oppose him. Balaam was riding on his donkey, and his two servants were with him. 23 When the donkey saw the angel of the Lord standing in the road with a drawn sword(C) in his hand, it turned off the road into a field. Balaam beat it(D) to get it back on the road.
ellauri172.html on line 285: 26 Then the angel of the Lord moved on ahead and stood in a narrow place where there was no room to turn, either to the right or to the left. 27 When the donkey saw the angel of the Lord, it lay down under Balaam, and he was angry(E) and beat it with his staff. 28 Then the Lord opened the donkey’s mouth,(F) and it said to Balaam, “What have I done to you to make you beat me these three times?(G)”
ellauri172.html on line 301: 36 When Balak(L) heard that Balaam was coming, he went out to meet him at the Moabite town on the Arnon(M) border, at the edge of his territory. 37 Balak said to Balaam, “Did I not send you an urgent summons? Why didn’t you come to me? Am I really not able to reward you?”
ellauri172.html on line 452: Fühlst du schaudernd, was ich dir verhehlt. Huomaat kauhuxesi mitä puuttuu.
ellauri180.html on line 51: In the books, Elena was popular, selfish and a "mean girl". However, the show's producers, Julie Plec and Kevin Williamson, felt that it wasn't the direction they wanted to go with their heroine in The Young Adult Vampire Diaries television series. Instead, she became a nicer, relatable, and more of "the girl next door" type, until her life gets flipped upside down when she meets the Salvatore Brothers. Stefan Salvatore is a good-hearted and affectionate young adult vampire and the complete opposite of his older brother, Damon Salvatore. Stefan's malevolent young adult vampire brother is mostly thought of as selfish and manipulative, but later on begins to display a more caring side.
ellauri180.html on line 53: Executive producers Julie Plec and Kevin Williamson agreed that in the book series, Elena was turned into a vampire too early, which was around page 200 of The Awakening. Elena's transition into a vampire was planned for two years. Plec said: "That felt obviously too soon, and rushed, and we didn’t want to make a show about a teenage girl who instantly becomes a vampire. But we always knew that her journey would take her there eventually". At the second season's conclusion, Elena was nearly turned into a vampire. Dobrev was happy that she wasn't, because she felt "it would have been like she came too soon", and also didn't think it was something Elena or she wanted.
ellauri180.html on line 181: Anthropologists do not agree on the origins of circumcision. The English egyptologist, Sir Graham Elliot Smith, suggested that it is one of the features of a heliolithic' culture which, over some 15 000 years ago, spread over much of the world. Others believe that it may have originated independently within several different cultures; certainly, many of the natives that Columbus found inhabiting the New World' were circumcised. However, it is known that circumcision had been practised in the Near East, patchily throughout tribal Africa, among the Moslem peoples of India and of south-east Asia, as well as by Australian Aborgines, for as long as we can tell. The earliest Egyptian mummies (1300 BCE) were circumcised and wall paintings in Egypt show that it was customary several thousand years earlier than that.
ellauri180.html on line 187: Others believe that circumcision arose as a mark of defilement or slavery (fig. 1). In ancient Egypt captured warriors were often mutilated before being condemned to the slavery. Amputation of digits and castration was common, but the morbidity was high and their resultant value as slaves was reduced. However, circumcision was just as degrading and evolved as a sufficiently humiliating compromise. Eventually, all male descendents of these slaves were circumcised. The Phoenicians, and later the Jews who were largely enslaved, adopted and ritualized circumcision. In time, circumcision was incorporated into Judaic religious practice and viewed as an outward sign of a covenant between God and man (Genesis XVI, Fig. 2).
ellauri180.html on line 191: Furthermore, was it always doctors who performed the procedure in ancient times? Probably not: in biblical times it was the mother who performed the ceremony on the newborn. Gradually mohels took over; men who had the requisite surgical skill and advanced religious knowledge. After prayer, the mohel circumcised the infant and then blessed the child, a practice little changed today (Fig. 4a-d). In ancient Egyptian society, the procedure was performed by a priest with his thumb-nail (often gold-impregnated) and throughout mediaeval times it appears to have been largely kept in the domain of religious men.
ellauri180.html on line 195: Abernathy (1928) who was a reluctant surgeon) does report the use of the bistoury (knife) to achieve circumcision in men with gonoccocal phimosis'. He also states that the bleeding should be stanched with iodoform and boric', possibly indicating that sutures were not applied.
ellauri180.html on line 197: Baillie (1833) also describes gonococcal phimosis and recommends that the initial treatment is nugatory' (inoperative) involving the washing of the penis (and under the prepuce with soap and tepid water, followed by the application of calomel ointment. Abernathy also warns against immediate circumcision in the face of a morbidly sensitive surface' (and declares that Sir Edward Home agrees with him!). He advocates that the posthitis (inflamed foreskin) should be allowed to soothe and allay' before surgical intervention. We can assume that the complications recognized by both Abernathy and Baillie were re-phimosis, re-stricture or suppuration; what is clear is that circumcision was not a procedure taken lightly at that time. Interestingly, neither author mentions circumcision in the neonate, suggesting that it had not yet significantly entered the domain of English surgeons.
ellauri180.html on line 198: By the middle of the 19th century, anaesthesia and antisepsis were rapidly changing surgical practice. The first reported circumcision in the surgical accounts of St Bartholomew's Hospital was in 1865; although this comprised only one of the 417 operations performed that year, it was clearly becoming a more common procedure. Indeed, this was a time when surgical cures were being explored for all ails and in 1878 Curling described circumcision as a cure for impotence in men who also had as associated phimosis. Many other surgeons reported circumcision as being beneficial for a diverse range of sexual problems. Walsham (1903) re-iterates the putative association of phimosis with impotence and suggests that it may also predispose to sterility, priapism, excess masturbation and even venereal disease. Warren (1915) adds epilepsy, nocturnal enuresis, night terrors and precocious sexual unrest' to the list of dangers, and this accepted catalogue of phimotic ills' is extended in American textbooks to include other aspects of sexual erethisms' such as homosexuality.
ellauri180.html on line 200: The turn of the 19th century was also an important time in laying the foundations of surgical technique. Sir Frederick Treves (1903) provides us with a comprehensive account of basic surgical principles that remain today. Like most of his contemporaries, he used scissors to remove the prepuce (fig. 5) and describes ligation of the frenular artery as being mandatory' in the adult. He also warns against the excess removal of skin, as this may lead to chordee.
ellauri180.html on line 205: Relics of anti-Semitism are evident throughout history and even the statue of Michelangelo's David (a Jew), which was erected in Florence in 1504 was carved uncircumcised.
ellauri180.html on line 222: `…Your patient C.D., aetat 7 months, has the prepuce with which he was born. You ask me with a note of persuasion in your voice, if it should be excised. Am I to make a decision on scientific grounds, or am I to acquiesce in a rate which took its origin at the behest of that arch-sanitarian Moses?…If you can show good reason why a ritual designed to ease the penalties of concupiscence amidst the sand and flies of the Syrian deserts should be continued in this England, land of clean bed-linen and lesser opportunity, I shall listen to your arguments ……(do you not) understand that Nature does not intend it (the foreskin) to be stretched and retracted in the Temples of the Welfare Centres or ritually removed in the precincts of the operating theatres…'.
ellauri180.html on line 224: Literary assaults such as these have served to fuel the debates and even a Medline® search today reveals that in the last year alone, 155 reviews or letters have been published arguing for or against routine circumcision. However, studying the evolution of the medical indications provides us with a pleasing demonstration of how controversy drives scientific enquiry. We have already described how the surgeons of 100 years ago advocated circumcision for a wide variety of conditions, such as impotence, nocturnal enuresis, sterility, excess masturbation, night terrors, epilepsy, etc. There can be no doubt that a large element of surgical self-interest drove these claims. However, most of the contemporary textbooks also included epithelioma (carcinoma) of the penis amidst the morass of complications of phimosis. Although rare, once this observation had been made, it presumably filtered down through the textbooks by rote, rather than scientific study. A few reports had appeared in the early 20th century indicating that carcinoma of the penis was rare in circumcised men, but not until the debate over neonatal circumcision erupted in the medical press in the 1930s that this surgical `mantra' was put to the test. In 1932, the editor of the Lancet challenged Abraham Wolbarst, a New York urologist, to prove his contention (in a previous Lancet editorial), that circumcision prevented penile carcinoma. Wolbarst responded by surveying every skin, cancer and Jewish hospital in the USA, along with 1250 of the largest general hospitals throughout the Union. With this survey, he was able to show that penile cancer virtually never occurred in circumcised men and that the risk related to the timing of the circumcision. Over the years this association has been reaffirmed by many research workers, although general hygiene, demographic and other factors such as human papilloma virus and smoking status are probably just as important. However, Wolbarst established that association through formal scientific enquiry and proponents of the procedure continue to use this as a compelling argument for circumcision at birth.
ellauri180.html on line 228: However, during the two World Wars, governments became increasingly interested in reducing the risk of venereal disease amongst their soldiers. Clearly, such pathology can have a profound effect on the efficiency of fighting armis. Indeed, in 1947 the Canadian Army found that whereas 52% of their soldiers had foreskins intact, 77% of those treated for venereal disease were uncircumcised. Persuasive arguments to circumcise all conscripts were proposed. Furthermore, it was an age-old observation, and indigenous African healers had promoted circumcision to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted disease for centuries. As might be expected, the evidence did not withstand further scientific scrutiny and numerous contradictions were provided. However, there has recently been startling evidence that HIV infection is significantly associated with the uncircumcised status. Indeed, one author has recently suggested routine neonatal circumcision on a world-wide scale as a long-term strategy for the control of AIDS: a whole new chapter opens in this ancient debate!
ellauri180.html on line 233: However, with a healthcare budget of $140 million per year in the USA (1990), insurance companies eventually forced closer scrutiny. Following such pressure, the first Task Force of Neonatal Circumcision from the American Academy of Pediatrics (1n 1975) concluded that there was no valid medical indication for this procedure. However, the pro-circumcision lobby was strong and the task force was forced to re-evaluate. In 1989, they conceded that there may be certain advantages to neonatal circumcision, although their recommendations did stop short of advising routine operation. Similar pressures in the UK have now resulted in only certain Health Authorities being prepared to pay for the procedure. These tend to be in regions with large ethnic minorities who otherwise may suffer form back street' circumcisions.
ellauri180.html on line 382: ‘Porphyria’s Lover’ is one of Browning’s first great poems, written when he was in his early twenties. It is also one of the first great dramatic monologues in English verse, the 1830s being the decade in which Browning and Tennyson developed the genre, penning a series of classic poems which see the poet adopting a persona and ‘staging’ a soliloquy given by an (often unreliable) speaker. Here, the speaker is the titular lover of the girl, Porphyria. Before we proceed to an analysis of ‘Porphyria’s Lover’, here’s a reminder of Browning’s poem. (Se mainittiin Gently-poliisisarjassa yhden koulun pulpettia vasten naidun tupeeratun 60-luvun teinin mielirunona.)
ellauri180.html on line 386: The sullen wind was soon awake, Synkkä oli yö ja myrskyinen,
ellauri180.html on line 414: So, she was come through wind and rain. Tulihan se sateesta huolimatta sentään,
ellauri180.html on line 420: That moment she was mine, mine, fair, Sillä hetkellä se oli mun kokonaan,
ellauri180.html on line 477: I had a dream, which was not all a dream. Mä näin unta joka ei ollut pelkkä uni.
ellauri180.html on line 478: The bright sun was extinguish'd, and the stars Kirkas päivä oli sammunut, tähdet
ellauri180.html on line 495: A fearful hope was all the world contain'd; Mezät sytytettiin - mutta nekin paloivat
ellauri180.html on line 498: Extinguish'd with a crash—and all was black. Sammui rysähtäen - ja kaikki musteni.
ellauri180.html on line 518: And War, which for a moment was no more, Ja sota joka oli pysähtynyt hetkexi,
ellauri180.html on line 519: Did glut himself again: a meal was bought Sai uutta syötävää, ateria lunastettiin
ellauri180.html on line 521: Gorging himself in gloom: no love was left; Ahtaen izeään synkkinä, pahansuopina,
ellauri180.html on line 522: All earth was but one thought—and that was death Koko maalla oli vain 1 ajatus, nim. kuolema,
ellauri180.html on line 528: And he was faithful to a corse, and kept Paizi 1 jonka isäntä oli kalmo, se piti
ellauri180.html on line 535: The crowd was famish'd by degrees; but two Mitäs vainaja. Joukko nälkiintyi vähin erin,
ellauri180.html on line 544: Which was a mockery; then they lifted up Sytyttäen pienen liekin, ihan läpällä,
ellauri180.html on line 549: Unknowing who he was upon whose brow Pärstistä, tietämättä kenen naamalle
ellauri180.html on line 550: Famine had written Fiend. The world was void, Nälkä oli kirjoittanut Pahis. Maailma oli tyhjä,
ellauri180.html on line 551: The populous and the powerful was a lump, Kansoitettu ja kukoistava oli pelkkä kasa,
ellauri180.html on line 564: Of aid from them—She was the Universe. Niiden apua: se oli maailmankaikkeus.
ellauri180.html on line 577: Men and women (not mentioned) pray for light not for the benefit of mankind, but for themselves, each wishing to retrieve their life as it was before. But this test (not an exam but a scourge, there are no grades) , most likely sent by a (or the) God bringing on the end of days, is not going to be surmounted so easily.
ellauri180.html on line 585: The single remaining loyal dog represents the last vestige of good within this world. He refused to turn to the sin that came so easily to the rest of the world, he was not changed (to the worse) by the darkness.
ellauri180.html on line 590: The men were never to discover who the other truly was, namely the good old enemy. More's the pity.
ellauri180.html on line 596: As a child Lord Byron was abandoned and shunned by his parents due to the club foot he was born with, something he would be consistently embarrassed of throughout his life.
ellauri181.html on line 43: Oliko se sit Ivan Klima? His friend Philip Roth once described him, with his "Beatle haircut" and "carnivorous teeth" as "a much more intellectually evolved Ringo Starr". Ei kuulosta ihan tältäkään. Ivan Klima says "There are some differences between a dictatorship which is strong and one which is tired. By the late Eighties ours was a tired dictatorship. They were no longer killing people and they made every effort not to arrest people. In this condition of a dictatorship you could find your own freedom. You could not become rich, you could not travel except maybe to Hungary, but you could write." Olipa paha ettei voinut rikastua eikä lennellä ympäriinsä. Ja saihan sitä kirjoittaa, kuha ei julkaissut.
ellauri181.html on line 119: Überblicke ich meine Entwicklung und ihr bisheriges Ziel, so klage ich weder, noch bin ich zufrieden. Die Hände in den Hosentaschen, die Weinflasche auf dem Tisch, liege ich halb, halb sitze ich im Schaukelstuhl und schaue aus dem Fenster. Kommt Besuch, empfange ich ihn, wie es sich gebührt. Mein Impresario sitzt im Vorzimmer; läute ich, kommt er und hört, was ich zu sagen habe. Am Abend ist fast immer Vorstellung, und ich habe wohl kaum mehr zu steigernde Erfolge. Komme ich spät nachz von Banketten, aus wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaften, aus gemütlichem Beisammensein nach Hause, erwartet mich eine kleine halbdressierte Schimpansin, und ich lasse es mir nach Affenart bei ihr wohlgehen. Bei Tag will ich sie nicht sehen; sie hat nämlich den Irrsinn des verwirrten dressierten Tieres im Blick; das erkenne nur ich, und ich kann es nicht ertragen. Himskatti toipa oli taas aika tahmeaa misokeittoa. Koko raportti on passiivis-aggressiivinen ja selvästi narsistinen.
ellauri181.html on line 132: The Theory of Basic Human Values is a theory of cross-cultural psychology and universal values that was developed by a guy called Shalom H. Schwartz. The theory extends previous cross-cultural communication frameworx such as Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. Schwartz identifies ten basic human values, each distinguished by their underlying motivation or goal, and he explains how people in all cultures recognize them. There are two major methods for measuring these ten basic values: the Schwartz Value Survey and the Portrait Values Questionnaire. A particular value can conflict or align with other values, and these dynamic relationships are typically illustrated using a circular graphic in which opposite poles indicate conflicting values.
ellauri181.html on line 146: After completing his master's degree in social psychology and group development at Columbia University and completing his rabbinical studies, Schwartz received his Ph.D. in social psychology from the University of Michigan, and subsequently taught in the sociology department of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and in 1973 became a professor. From 1971-73, Schwartz was a visiting lecturer in the department of psychology at the Hebrew University. In 1979, Schwartz moved to Israel with his wife and three children. He joined the department of psychology at the Hebrew University, where he holds the post of Leon and Clara Sznajderman Professor Emeritus of Psychology. He is now retired, but continues his research activity, as well as developing and promoting his Basic Human Values Theory.
ellauri181.html on line 148: During the 1970s and 1980s, Schwartz was following the studies of Geert Hofstede about human values and built upon them in his research on pro-social and altruistic behavior. His research has since included studies on the development and consequences of a range of behavioral attitudes and orientations, such as religious belief, political orientation and voting, social group relations, consumer behavior, as well as the conceptualization of human values across cultures.
ellauri181.html on line 247: Spirituality was considered as an additional eleventh value, however, it was found that it did not exist in all cultures. Sixköhän se Franklinin ylimääräinen 13. hyvekin (nöyryys) jäi puuttumaan sen saldosta?
ellauri181.html on line 376: While mean scores from Likert-type scales can be compared across individuals, scores from an ipsative measure cannot. To explain, if an individual was equally extroverted and conscientious and was assessed on a Likert-type scale, each trait would be evaluated singularly, i.e. respondents would see the item "I enjoy parties" and agree or disagree with it to whatever degree reflected their preferences.[citation needed]
ellauri181.html on line 552: To help us understand what matters most we should consider the story of Benjamin Franklin. (I wonder where the name Franklin Covey � came from? - duh!) Think if you will who Ben Franklin was, but even more importantly, what was his legacy?
ellauri181.html on line 554: *Franklin Covey Co., trading as FranklinCovey and based in Salt Lake City, Utah, is a provider of leadership, individual effectiveness, and business execution training and assessment services for organizations and individuals. The company was formed on May 30, 1997, as a result of merger between Hyrum W. Smith's Franklin Quest and Stephen R. Covey's Covey Leadership Center. Among other producz, the company has marketed the FranklinCovey planning system, modeled in part on the writings of Benjamin Franklin, and The 7 Habiz of Highly Effective People, based on Covey's research into leadership ethics.
ellauri181.html on line 556: Benjamin Franklin was an author, a painter, an inventor, a father, a politician, and the first American Ambassador to France. He invented bifocals, swim flippers, lightening rods, and the Franklin stove. He founded a public library, a hospital, and insurance company and a fire department. He helped write the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. He wrote an autobiography in the middle of his life and shortly before his death in his 80's, he completed his memoirs. Franklin was truly a Renaissance man. He was one of the greatest citizens and thinkers the world has ever seen. But Franklin was not always a great or successful man. At the age of 17 he ran away from home in Boston, estranged from his family because of an argument he had with his brother.
ellauri181.html on line 558: Franklin tried in business and failed, not once but twice. He was the father and single parent of an illegitimate son whose mother abandoned the child to Franklin unable and unwilling to live with Franklin and the child. As a young adult Franklin was by almost any measure and especially his own measure a dismal failure. His life was confused, difficult and not at all satisfying to Franklin or to anyone else. He decided to change.
ellauri181.html on line 585:

. Frugality - Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; that is, waste nothing.
ellauri181.html on line 595: Franklin then took his list to a respected friend who happened to be a Quaker. Franklin explained to his Quaker friend that he, Franklin, was disappointed in the progress in his life to this point and that he intended to turn his life around. From now on Franklin intended to live his life according to his list of virtues. Each day he would read the list and each week he would focus on a different virtue. Repeating the process over and over again until he had become one with his virtues.
ellauri181.html on line 598: Franklin explained that he was indeed serious and that he knew he was far from these virtues now. But he aspired to become one with the twelve virtues he had listed and described. His Quaker friend went on then to say. "Ben, if you are serious you need to add a thirteenth virtue. Humility. Because you don't have any."
ellauri181.html on line 610: The rest is history. Franklin went on to become one of the most productive, successful and self- actualized people in all of history. He knew what mattered most. That was how he could set about being an author, a printer, an inventor, a father, a politician, the first American Ambassador to France, the inventor of bifocals, swim flippers, lightening rods, hundreds of other things and the Franklin stove and how he could found a public library, a hospital, an insurance company and a fire company and help to write the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.
ellauri181.html on line 612: But did you know that is not the end of the story? In his memoirs, shortly before his death Franklin was reflecting on the story of his virtues (which he told in his autobiography written mid-life) and he noted that he had come to feel a oneness with each of his 12 virtues. When he thought of the 13th virtue, he realized that he simply was not humble. Franklin had failed at his 13th virtue.
ellauri181.html on line 616: Franklin failed at the 13th virtue, Humility. Why? Was the most difficult virtue on this list the last? Or was there another reason? YES! The answer is obvious and simple. Franklin had not failed at his virtues. He had succeeded at each of his twelve virtues. He failed at a virtue that was not his, a virtue that had been given to him by someone else. Franklin failed at a virtue that he did not value. He failed at doing something someone else valued and suggested to him as a value.
ellauri182.html on line 78: At Yuichi’s home, Mikage is introduced to Eriko and soon finds out that Yuichi’s mother was once his father; s/he is a transsexual who runs a club of some sort. Eriko is a clear allusion to Banana's daddy. Yuichi hints that s/he has undergone a sex change, when he tells Mikage that s/he has “had everything ‘done.’” There is a hole now where the pecker used to be.
ellauri182.html on line 82: Mikage is not religious, but believes in elements of the mystical and superstitious. She “can’t believe in the gods,” but for a warm bed, she “thanked the gods—whether they existed or not.” In despair, she “implored the gods: Please, let me live.” She also has a dream that comes partially true. Ergo Mikage relates to American culture. She looks up to Eriko as an ideal of feminine beauty, charm, and strength, although Eriko was once, or still is, a man - or is s/he?
ellauri182.html on line 110: A few generations ago in Japan, food preparation was considered a lower class occupation; in economically advantaged households, servants frequently provided the cooking. By the mid-1980s, and as reflected in “Kitchen,” food preparation has become a respectable career as well as an art form. Kitchens are now the showcases of Japanese consumer wealth, filled with new technologies and electronic gadgets, and artful cuisine reflects social sophistication.
ellauri182.html on line 113: The Marshall Plan brought Western ideas and a free market economy to what had been an old and traditional culture. in the mid-1980s, Japan has a booming industrial economy, bolstered by its exports of automobiles and electronics to the West. Japanese society has become more materialistic than ever, influenced by its wealth and the consumerism imported from America. Mikage acknowledges this consumerism when she says of her friends, “these people had a taste for buying new things that verged on the unhealthy.” Mikage’s generation has been brought up on television and American culture; she mentions an American sitcom and Disneyland in her narrative. One character in the story is wearing “what is practically the national costume, a two-piece warmup suit,” a style imported from America. In Japan, Yoshimoto’s generation is called the shinjinrui, a generation that has grown up in a wealthy, technological society exposed to American values. Shinjinrui was new breed of humans (used to refer to the post-war generation, who have different ideals and sensibilities). Japan's Generation X.
ellauri182.html on line 115: Some reviewers thought Kitchen was superficial in style and substance, and overly sentimental. Todd Grimson in the Los Angeles Times Book Review wrote that, ‘“Kitchen’ is light as an invisible pancake, charming and forgettable ... The release of information to the reader seems unskilled, or immature, weak in narrative or plot.” Elizabeth Hanson of the New York Times Book Review took issue with the overall effect of the book, writing that “the endearing characters and amusing scenes in Ms. Yoshimoto’s work do not compensate for frequent bouts of sentimentality.” Hanson added that the book’s main appeal for English-language readers “lies in its portrayal of the lives of young Japanese who are more into food and death than sex. EAT! KILL! but do not FUCK!".
ellauri182.html on line 117: As Mikage and Yuichi’s relationship develops, one of the first signs that they are drawing closer is a shared dream that they experience. In the dream, Yuichi tells Mikage that he has a desire to eat ramen, a noodle soup. Shortly after awakening from the dream, Yuichi, in real life, acknowledges his hunger. “I just woke up and I’m starving. I was thinking, hmm, maybe I’ll make some instant ramen noodles.” Instead of love, she thinks of food. It is through food, as is shown in this scene and many scenes to follow, that Mikage finds her mouth. Climbing to the balcony with her body mass was an existential feat.
ellauri182.html on line 123: Quoting Zen master Dogen-zenji’s “Instructions for the Zen Cook,” (circa 1237), Ashburne relays the words of the great Zen master on the simple act of washing rice and cooking it. Dogen-zenji states, “Keep your eyes open. Do not allow even one grain of rice to be lost. Wash the rice thoroughly, put it in the pot, light the fire and cook it.” He then adds, “There is an old saying that goes, ‘see the pot as your own head; see the water as your life-blood.’” Vittu et on anaalia puuhastelua ruuan kanssa. Ei ruualla saa leikkiä. Se on jumalan viljaa.
ellauri182.html on line 130: Sartre urged the personal freedom of choice in the face of life’s unknowns, and claimed that seizing freedom was each person’s duty. These ideas of free will and personal responsibility are also introduced in “Kitchen.” Mikage makes the statement: “People aren’t overcome by situations or outside forces; defeat invades from within,” when she begins to realize that she has responsibility for her own life and its pain. Other people can no longer help her; she must take charge of things herself, “with or without” Yuichi.
ellauri182.html on line 136: In Japanese fiction of the seventeenth and eighteenth century, homosexuality was often celebrated for this reason: boys’ love was considered to be purer than the heterosexual kind; it was uncontaminated by the demands of reproduction and other family duties.
ellauri182.html on line 166: Jōdo Shinshū (浄土真宗, "Puhdas maa tosi oppi"), also known as Shin Buddhism or True Pure Land Buddhism, is a school of Pure Land Buddhism. It was founded by the former Tendai Japanese monk Shinran.
ellauri182.html on line 171: During this period, Hōnen taught the new nembutsu-only practice to many people in Kyoto society and amassed a substantial following but also came under increasing criticism by the Buddhist establishment there. Among his strongest critics was the monk Myōe and the temples of Enryaku-ji and Kōfuku-ji. The latter continued to criticize Hōnen and his followers even after they pledged to behave with good conduct and to not slander other Buddhists.
ellauri182.html on line 173: In 1207, Hōnen's critics at Kōfuku-ji persuaded Emperor Toba II to forbid Hōnen and his teachings after two of Imperial ladies-in-waiting converted to his practices. Hōnen and his followers, among them Shinran, were forced into exile and four of Hōnen's disciples were executed. Shinran was given a lay name, Yoshizane Fujii, by the authorities but called himself Gutoku "Stubble-headed One (nukkapää)" instead and moved to Echigo Province (today Niigata Prefecture).
ellauri182.html on line 175: It was during this exile that Shinran cultivated a deeper understanding of his own beliefs based on Hōnen's Pure Land teachings. In 1210 he married Eshinni, the daughter of an Echigo aristocrat. Shinran and Eshinni had several children. His eldest son, Zenran, was alleged to have started a heretical sect of Pure Land Buddhism through claims that he received special teachings from his father. Zenran demanded control of local monto (lay follower groups), but after writing a stern letter of warning, Shinran disowned him in 1256, effectively ending Zenran's legitimacy.
ellauri182.html on line 176: Some of Shinran's disciples founded their own schools of Shin Buddhism, such as the Bukkaku and Kosovo, in Kyoto. Early Shin Buddhism did not truly flourish until the time of Rennyo (1415–1499), who was 8th in descent from Shinran. Through his charisma and proselytizing, Shin Buddhism was able to amass a greater following and grow in strength.
ellauri182.html on line 190: In another departure from more traditional Pure Land schools, Shinran advocated that birth in the Pure Land was settled in the midst of life. At the moment one entrusts oneself to Amitābha, one becomes "established in the stage of the truly settled". This is equivalent to the stage of non-retrogression along the bodhisattva path.
ellauri182.html on line 191: Many Pure Land Buddhist schools in the time of Shinran felt that birth in the Pure Land was a literal rebirth that occurred only upon death, and only after certain preliminary rituals. Elaborate rituals were used to guarantee rebirth in the Pure Land, including a common practice wherein the fingers were tied by strings to a painting or image of Amida Buddha. From the perspective of Jōdo Shinshū such rituals actually betray a lack of trust in Amida Buddha, relying on jiriki ("self-power"), rather than the tariki or "other-power" of Amida Buddha. Such rituals also favor those who could afford the time and energy to practice them or possess the necessary ritual objects—another obstacle for lower-class individuals. For Shinran Shonin, who closely followed the thought of the Chinese monk Tan-luan, the Pure Land is synonymous with nirvana.
ellauri182.html on line 209: Cross-national epidemiological studies show that prevalence rates of common mental disorders (i.e. depression, anxiety disorders, and post traumatic ressi) vary considerably between countries, suggesting cultural differences. In order to gather evidence on how culture relates to the aetiology and phenomenology of mental disorders, finding meaningful empirical instruments for capturing the latent (i.e. non-visible) construct of 'culture' is vital. In this review, we suggest using value orientations for this purpose. We focus on Schwartz's value theory, which includes two levels of values: cultural and personal. We identified nine studies on personal values and four studies on cultural values and their relationship with common mental disorders. This relationship was assessed among very heterogeneous cultural groups; however, no consistent correlational pattern occurred. The most compelling evidence suggests that the relationship between personal values and mental disorders is moderated by the cultural context. Hence, assessing mere correlations between personal value orientations and self-reported symptoms of psychopathology, without taking into account the cultural context, does not yield meaningful results. This theoretical review reveals important research gaps: Most studies aimed to explain how values relate to the aetiology of mental disorders, whereas the question of phenomenology was largely neglected. Moreover, all included studies used Western instruments for assessing mental disorders, which may not capture culturally-specific phenomena of mental distress. Finding systematic relationships between values and mental disorders may contribute to making more informed hypotheses about how psychopathology is expressed under different cultural circumstances, and how to culturally adapt psychological interventions.
ellauri182.html on line 309: Pappi teljetään paatuneiden rikollisten vankilaan ja poistetaan elävien kirjoista. Aimo retribuutio. Rei ei lähde oikeusteize vaatimaan windfallina haltuunsa tullutta kääröä. Se on äärimmäisen jaloa. Onhan tärkeämpiä kuin asioita kuin raha. Paizi housupuku ostaa väärennetyn tansun Ransulta isolla rahalla. Maedan täti saa sen väärennetyn tansun ja Aimo-parkkipaikan. Kaikki ovat tyytyväisiä. Japsut ovat vähään tyytyväisiä. Niillä ei ole ollut inflaatiota 30 vuoteen. Epätoivoiset japsumiehet ketkä ei pääse Rein lailla tienaamaan tekee muille joukkoharakirejä. Ukemi häpeää niin ettei tule edes kazomaan Rein kipeätä polvea. Rei veti esiin paxun tukun rahaa. Peltitölkissä oli herkullista ohrateetä. Angus Glendinning tallusteli huoneeseen. Falafelliä. All was well.
ellauri182.html on line 443: What is inside is outside; what is outside is inside. Think about a Möbius strip, or a Klein bottle. No way for a fart to stay inside. As within, so without. This ancient wisdom is as applicable today as it was centuries ago. Make a positive change within yourself and see that positivity reflected back at you by the people around you and the circumstances you find yourself in.
ellauri183.html on line 50: Malamuutti piti leffoista ja kertoi kavereille niiden juonia. He was especially fond of Charlie Chaplin's comedies. Silläkin oli hullu veli Sakari. Malamud's mother, Bertha, and his brother, Eugene, were both mentally ill. Bertha died when Bernard was 15, possibly a suicide. Sakari eli kovan ja yxinäisen elämän ja kuoli viisikymppisenä.
ellauri183.html on line 52: Bernien gradu koski Thomas Hardya. Sodan päätyttyä Malamuutti nai it.room.kat. goyn (Ann de Chiara) Oregonista vasten molempien vanhempien tahtoa. Bernhardilaiskoira alkoi kirjoittaa 60-luvulla Oregonin maamieskoulussa. Living out West in Oregon for ten years (1949-61) gave Malamud a sense of home, however temporary. "It was where my wife had a feeling of rooz: our daughter was born there." Tytär Janna Smith on mun ikäinen ja antaa psykoterapiaa halukkaille. Kirjoitti Berniestä kirjan My father was a book. Malamud was Jewish, an agnostic, and a humanist.
ellauri183.html on line 58: humanist: The word "humanism" derives from the Latin concept humanitas, which was first used by Cicero to describe values related to economic liberal education. The word disappeared for the dark middle ages and reappeared during the Italian Renaissance as umanista and reached the English language in the 16th century. The word "humanist" was used to describe a group of studenz of classical literature and those advocating for education based on it. In the early 19th century, the term Humanismus was used in Germany equivocally and it re-entered the English language second time anally. The more popular use signifying a non-religious approach to life, implying an antithesis to theism, viz. atheism.
ellauri183.html on line 59: In the 20th century, the word was further refined, acquiring iz contemporary meaning of a naturalistic approach to life, focusing on the well-being and freedom of humans. Siinä on luoja korvattu luomakunnan herralla. Termiittiapina palvoo avoimesti omaa raidallista persettään. Jotakinhan pitää aina palvoa. Lähteet:
ellauri183.html on line 71: Philip Roth: "A man of stern morality, Malamud was driven by the need to consider long and seriously every last demand of an overtaxed, overtaxing conscience torturously exacerbated by the pathos of human need unabated." Philip yritti tossa mahduttaa ehkä vähän liikaakin yhteen virkkeeseen.

ellauri183.html on line 78: His deep belief that one should live morally crashed into his premise that one should live fully. Yep, I bet he did shag his coeds. Janna Malamud Smith is the author of An Absorbing Errand: How Artisz and Crafzmen Make Their Way to Mastery; A Potent Spell: Mother Love and the Power of Fear; and Private Matters: In Defense of the Personal Life. Her titles have been New York Times Notable Boox and A Potent Spell was a Barnes and Noble "Discover Great New Writers" pick. She has written for the New York Times, the Boston Globe, and the Threepenny Review, among other publications. A practicing psychotherapist, she lives with her husband and two children in Massachusetz.
ellauri183.html on line 80: Faulty interpretations can create much disappointment, as in the movie version of his novel The Fixer, "Horrible. That thing went to five different writers. Edward Albee was one of them but he would only do it if he had full say over it. Dalton Trumbo finally wrote the screen play and he's a hack. The film should have been done as a sort of fable, in black and white. Instead, it was all galloping Cossacx and dancing girls: an overdone fake. And that sickens a writer--to see his book faked."
ellauri183.html on line 86: In a 1974 New York Review of Boox essay, Roth took on Malamud, his friend and literary father-figure, criticizing him for creating characters that were suffering Jews, virtuous victims, full of “righteousness and restraint,” lacking their stereotypical “libidinous or aggressive activities.” Though he didn’t use the phrase, Malamud had painted them as Christ-like in their poverty, pain, moral goodness, and quest for redemption. By contrast, the Christian characters, like Frank Alpine, were full of sexual lust and transgressive behavior — the bad goy to Morris Bober’s good Jew. “The Assistant,” Roth wrote, was a book of “stern morality.”
ellauri183.html on line 90: Malamud was stunned. He drafted two letters to Roth, refuting his argumenz, but never sent them, according to a Malamud biography by Philip Davis. Instead, Malamud mailed only a few words to Roth: “It’s your problem.”
ellauri183.html on line 94: However, in a letter to his daughter a week after that dinner of reconciliation, Malamud voiced his true feelings: Roth, he said, had written a “foolish egoistic essay about my work” and had “certainly misinterpreted” “The Assistant.” The letter was not made public until 2006, some 20 years after Malamud’s death.
ellauri183.html on line 101: The apocalyptic gloom of his subject seems hopelessly out of place in this cheery, sun-washed house, a rambling white-frame idyll near Bennington College, where Malamud has taught for 20 years. A comforting percussion of cooking sounds comes from the big kitchen where his wife Ann, a chipper dynamo of a woman, is devising lunch; on the porch an old tiger tomcat lolls ingratiatingly; and in the distance the cloud-dappled foothills of the Green Mountains hover like a Yankee daydream.
ellauri183.html on line 105: "One of the earliest letters I got was from a Jewish gentleman who wrote, 'Your father must be whirling in his grave!'" His father was a Yiddish-speaking Russian immigrant who had a small grocery store in Brooklyn.
ellauri183.html on line 106: "In many ways, I am a real child of the Depression. There was no money around, and until I could support my family, I didn't know what to do with my hands. That's the force of my strength of obligation. I am in many ways a strong-willed man."
ellauri183.html on line 162: Kierkegaard predicted that his 1843 work Fear and Trembling would be translated into many different languages, and would secure iz author's place in history. He was right. But Fear and Trembling has also led to an enduring caricature of Kierkegaard as advocating a dangerously irrational and individualistic form of religious faith.
ellauri183.html on line 166: In his lectures on the Book of Genesis in the 16th century, Martin Luther praised Abraham for his uncritical obedience to God – for the "blind faith" exhibited by his refusal to question whether it was right to kill Isaac. In the late 18th century, Immanuel Kant took the opposite view, arguing that Abraham should have reasoned that such an evidently immoral command could not have come from God. For Luther, divine authority trumps any claim on behalf of reason or morality, whereas for Kant there can be nothing higher than the moral law.
ellauri183.html on line 170: The dilemma is not unique to Abraham's situation. Kierkegaard was writing for 19th-century readers who regarded themselves as Christians – that is to say, as people who believed in the authority and goodness of God. By emphasising the difficulty of understanding Abraham's response to the divine command, he emphasises the difficulty of faith izelf. Implicit in his analysis of the story of Abraham is the question: would you do what Abraham did? How could you do such a thing? It seems unlikely that anyone who really thinx about these questions would conclude that he or she would have acted as Abraham did. Just as Abraham's faith is tested by God in the Book of Genesis, so the reader's own faith is tested by personal reflection on the biblical story.
ellauri183.html on line 172: Kierkegaard's point in Fear and Trembling is not to recommend blind faith in God, but to unsettle his readers' blind faith in themselves. That is to say, he seex to challenge their complacent assumption that they are Christians. Only when this assumption was abandoned, he thought, could people embark on the task of becoming a Christian.
ellauri183.html on line 194: Moral absolutism is certainly compatible with an acknowledgement that monetary value depends on circumstance. Jesus, for example, reinforced the 10 commandmenz, which unconditionally prohibit murder, adultery, theft and so on. But one day, when he was teaching in the temple, Jesus watched a poor widow put two small coins in the donation box, while rich people made much larger offerings. “This poor widow has put in more than all of them,” says Jesus, “because she, out of her poverty, has put in all she had to live on.” But by the criterion of moral absolutism they were just the same.
ellauri183.html on line 268: What the hell was that? Awful on almost every level. Unless post apocalyptic dystopian tales of bestiality float your boat. I'm guessing there was an allegorical message in there somewhere. Not for me. (less)
ellauri183.html on line 270:

Matthew (chr.) rated it it was amazing

ellauri183.html on line 274:

Ali Syed (isl.) rated it it was amazing

ellauri183.html on line 276: In the end, Cohn is subsequently taken to be sacrificed by BUZ. Now my question is this: Did Malamud try to recreate the scenes of Christ's sacrifice or was he referring to Abraham's ascent to Moriah to sacrifice Isaac (or Ishmael) only in this case, it was the son preparing the Father for sacrifice?
ellauri183.html on line 289: Ms Elliott replied: 'What I was talking about was the upholding of international law which your own minister talked about a few minutes ago and the right of upholding international law is as relevant in Ukraine as it is in Palestine.'
ellauri183.html on line 291: She called for a 'complete and total ban of illegal Israeli settlements' in the West Bank and said that recognising Palestine was the 'bare minimum' of what the UK should do as part of a two-state solution to the conflict.
ellauri183.html on line 319: The family fled to New York, and Bromberger was admitted to Columbia University. However, he chose to join the U.S. Army in 1942, and he went on to serve three years in the infantry. He took part in the liberation of Europe as a member of the 405th Regiment, 102nd Infantry Division. He was wounded during the invasion of Germany in 1945.
ellauri183.html on line 325: Sylvain's hope was that philosophy, linguistics, and the brain sciences would eventually join forces to uncover unprecedented dimensions of the human mind, erasing at least some of our ignorance. Alas, the hope was forlorn.
ellauri183.html on line 632: Varuxen kukistamasta juutalaisten kapinasta Jee-suxen lapsuudessa ei ollut koulussa paljon puhetta. Juutalaisilla on siitä vaikka kuinka paljon turinaa. About a tenth of the Empire’s population was Jewish, ne väittävät, kuka tollasta nyt uskoo. Oliko Rooma joku Amerikka muka?
ellauri183.html on line 634: The war that Jewish scholars call The War of Varus (ei se "missä ovat legioonani" tunari vaan joku sen sukulainen). It is the war that took place in Galilee, Judaea and Idumaea just after the death of Herod which started with the massacre of the 3000 Jewish worshippers in the temple at the Passover of 1 B.C.E. Josephus stated that this war against the Jews which was directed by the governor of Syria, Quintilius Varus, took place in Palestine, but it has been a puzzle to historians that there appear to be no contemporary Roman accounts that justify it as occurring (ollenkaan tai ainakaan just tohon aikaan).
ellauri183.html on line 636: Joku jutkuäijä väittää että tässä sodassa (joka se mielestä tapahtui 3v myöhemmin kuin tapahtui) juutalaisia ei mätkinytkään Varuxen pojanpoika Varus, vaan Julius Caesarin pojanpoika Gaius Caesar! It also allows the historical statements of the New Testament concerning the nativity of Jesus to take on a new credibility. Jesus was born in 3 B.C.E. (within the period stated by most early Christian scholars) and we now find this substantiated by the records of Roman history. Kaikenlaista sitä pitäisikin uskoa. En luota nähin kavereihin pitemmälle kuin jaxan niitä heittää. Mitä vittua, Jeesus syntyi 3v ennen Kristusta? Mahootointa! Onkohan mistään myyttisestä tapahtumasta taitettu niin paljon peistä kuin tästä?
ellauri183.html on line 638: The Pharisees were the popular leaders of the Jews and the ones most laypeople looked to with confidence. The majority of the Jewish population was then expecting a world ruling messianic king to arise on the historical scene. And indeed, Josephus tells us that after Herod’s death many “kingly upstarts” emerged in Judaea and this reflects the general expectancy of the Jews that the messianic age was then imminent.
ellauri184.html on line 42: Norman Kingsley Mailer (January 31, 1923 – November 10, 2007) oli juutalainen vaikka normannimaisella salanimellä. Nachem ("Norman") Malech ("Kingsley") Mailer was born to a Jewish family in Long Branch, New Jersey on January 31, 1923. Carl Erik Carlsonia 3vk vanhempi, mutta kuoli 3v nuorempana. Sah nicht als Skelett aus, lyhkönen ja läski kolli. His father, Isaac Barnett Mailer, popularly known as "Barney", was an accountant born in South Africa, and his mother, Fanny (née Schneider), ran a housekeeping and nursing agency. Mailer's sister, Barbara, was born in 1927. Samanlaisia Schnizeleitä kuin Marxin veljexet, vaikka roomalaistuneita.
ellauri184.html on line 44: Mailer was raised in Brooklyn, first in Flatbush on Cortelyou Rd and later in Crown Heights at the corner of Albany and Crown Streets. Mailer graduated from Boys High School and entered Harvard College in 1939, when he was 16 years old. As an undergraduate, he was a member of the Signet Society. Mousiken poiei kai ergazou, tee musaa ja duunaa. At Harvard, he majored in engineering sciences, but took writing courses as electives. He published his first story, "The Greatest Thing in the World," at the age of 18, winning Story magazine's college contest in 1941.
ellauri184.html on line 46: After graduating in 1943, Mailer married his first wife Beatrice "Bea" Silverman in January 1944, just before being drafted into the U.S. Army. Hoping to gain a deferment from service, Mailer argued that he was writing an "important literary work" which pertained to the war. This deferral was denied, and Mailer was forced to enter the Army. After training at Fort Bragg, Mailer was stationed in the Philippines with the 112th Cavalry. Merihevosilla varmaan mentiin.
ellauri184.html on line 48: During his time in the Philippines, Mailer was first assigned to regimental headquarters as a typist, then assigned as a wire lineman. In early 1945, after volunteering for a reconnaissance platoon, he completed more than two dozen patrols in contested territory, and engaged in a few firefights and skirmishes. After the Japanese surrender, he was sent to Japan as part of the army of occupation, was promoted to sergeant, and became a first cook and argued about his girth.
ellauri184.html on line 50: Neiti Mallory kertoo tästä lisää: "Norman was an oxymoron — an overweight senior citizen who was one of the best lovers I ever had." Mallory writes that Mailer never had erectile dysfunction: "Not once. Not in nine years..." Vanhasta Naahumista tulee mieleen Norssin voimistelunopettaja Lahtinen ja Star Warsin Yoda. “Each week he’d want to play a new game . . . doctor, manicurist, masseur, Hollywood director (that was his favorite).” “When our relationship ended, I realized that . . . Norman had never been on my team and had been slandering my writing and me behind my back.”
ellauri184.html on line 52: When asked about his war experiences, he said that the army was "the worst experience of my life, and also the most important". While in Japan and the Philippines, Mailer wrote to his wife Bea almost daily, and these approximately 400 letters became the foundation of The Naked and the Dead. He drew on his experience as a reconnaissance rifleman for the central action of the novel: a long patrol behind enemy lines. Kaukopartiomiehenä. Kansa taisteli ja miehet kertovat.
ellauri184.html on line 56: Mailer was married six times and had nine children. He fathered eight children by his various wives and infernally adopted his sixth wife's son from another marriage.
ellauri184.html on line 58: Mailer's first marriage was to Beatrice Silverman. They eloped in January 1944 because neither family would likely have approved. They had one child, Susan, and divorced in 1952 because of Mailer's infidelities with Adele Morales.
ellauri184.html on line 60: Morales moved in with Mailer during 1951 into an apartment on First Avenue near Second Street in the East Village, and they married in 1954. They had two daughters, Danielle and Elizabeth. After attending a party on Saturday, November 19, 1960, Mailer stabbed Adele twice with a two-and-a-half inch blade that he used to clean his nails, nearly killing her by puncturing her pericardium. He stabbed her once in the chest and once in the back. Adele required emergency surgery but made a quick recovery. Mailer claimed he had stabbed Adele "to relieve her of cancer". He was involuntarily committed to Bellevue Hospital for 17 days. While Adele did not press charges, saying she wanted to protect their daughters, Mailer later pleaded guilty to a reduced charge of assault saying, "I feel I did a lousy, dirty, cowardly thing", and received a suspended sentence of three years' probation. In 1962, the two divorced. In 1997, Adele published a memoir of their marriage entitled The Last Party, which recounted her husband stabbing her at a party and the aftermath. This incident has been a focal point for feminist critics of Mailer, who point to themes of sexual violence in his work.
ellauri184.html on line 62: His third wife, whom he married in 1962, and divorced in 1963, was the British heiress and journalist Lady Jeanne Campbell (1929–2007). She was the only daughter of Ian Campbell, 11th Duke of Argyll, a Scottish aristocrat and clan chief with a notorious private life, and a granddaughter of the press baron Lord Beaverbrook. The couple had a daughter, actress Kate Mailer.
ellauri184.html on line 64: His fourth marriage, in 1963, was to Beverly Bentley, a former model turned actress. She was the mother of two of his sons, producer Michael Mailer and actor Stephen Mailer. They divorced in 1980.
ellauri184.html on line 66: His fifth wife was Carol Stevens, a jazz singer whom he married on November 7, 1980, and divorced in Haiti on November 8, 1980, thereby legitimating their daughter Maggie, born in 1971.
ellauri184.html on line 68: His sixth and last wife, whom he married in 1980, was Norris Church Mailer (born Barbara Jean Davis, 1949–2010), an art teacher. Why did she have to use a pseudonym as well? Apparently she was not a kike. They had one son together, John Buffalo Mailer, a writer and actor. Mailer raised and infernally adopted Matthew Norris, Church's son by her first husband, Larry Norris. Living in Brooklyn, New York and Provincetown, Massachusetts with Mailer, Church worked as a model, wrote and painted.
ellauri184.html on line 70: Over the course of his life, Mailer was connected with several women other than his wives, including Carole Mallory, who wrote a "tell all" biography, Loving Mailer, after his death.
ellauri184.html on line 72: Bodily urges are fundamental to Mailer's approach to novels and short works. According to his obituary in The Independent, his "relentless machismo seemed out of place in a man who was actually quite small – though perhaps that was where the aggression originated." For Mailer, African-American men reflected a challenge to his own notions of masculinity. His pecker was not much bigger than those of Hemingway and Scott Fitzgerald, about the size of his pen knife. Like many men with a tiny penis he sought comfort with men and women equally. Throughout his work and personal communications, Nuchem repeatedly expresses interest in, includes episodes of or makes references to, bisexuality or homosexuality.
ellauri184.html on line 74: Mailer wrote 12 novels in 59 years. After completing courses in French language and culture at the University of Paris in 1947–48, he returned to the U.S. shortly after The Naked and the Dead was published in May 1948. A New York Times best seller for 62 weeks, it was the only one of Mailer's novels to reach the number one position. It was hailed by many as one of the best American wartime novels and included in a list of the hundred best English-language novels of the twentieth century by the Modern Library. The book that made his reputation sold over a million copies in its first year, (three million by 1981) and has never gone out of print. It is still considered to be one of the finest depictions of Americans in combat during World War II.
ellauri184.html on line 76: Barbary Shore (1951) was not well received by the critics. It was a surreal parable of Cold War leftist politics set in a Brooklyn rooming-house, and Mailer's most autobiographical novel. His 1955 novel, The Deer Park drew on his experiences working as a screenwriter in Hollywood from 1949 to 1950. It was initially rejected by seven publishers due to its purportedly sexual content before being published by Putnam's. It was not a critical success, but it made the best-seller list, sold over 50,000 copies its first year, and is considered by some critics to be the best Hollywood novel since Nathanael West's The Day of the Locust.
ellauri184.html on line 78: Mailer wrote his fourth novel, An American Dream, as a serial in Esquire magazine over eight months (January to August 1964), publishing the first chapter two months after he wrote it. In March 1965, Dial Press published a revised version. The novel generally received mixed reviews, but was a best seller. Joan Didion praised it in a review in National Review (April 20, 1965) and John W. Aldridge did the same in Life (March 19, 1965), while Elizabeth Hardwick panned it in Partisan Review (spring 1965).
ellauri184.html on line 80: Mailer's fifth novel, Why Are We in Vietnam? was even more experimental in its prose than An American Dream. Published in 1967, the critical reception of WWVN was mostly positive with many critics, like John Aldridge in Harper's, calling the novel a masterpiece and comparing it to Joyce. Mailer's obscene language was criticized by critics such as Granville Hicks writing in the Saturday Review and the anonymous reviewer in Time. Eliot Fremont-Smith calls WWVN "the most original, courageous and provocative novel so far this year" that's likely to be "mistakenly reviled". Other critics, such as Denis Donoghue from the New York Review of Books praised Mailer for his verisimilitude "for the sensory event". Donoghue recalls Josephine Miles' study of the American Sublime, reasoning WWVN's voice and style as the drive behind Mailer's impact.
ellauri184.html on line 86: Mailer spent a longer time writing Ancient Evenings, his novel of Egypt in the Twentieth Dynasty (about 1100 BC), than any of his other books. He worked on it for periods from 1972 until 1983. It was also a bestseller, although reviews were generally negative. Harold Bloom, in his review said the book "gives every sign of truncation", and "could be half again as long, but no reader will wish so", while Richard Poirier called it Mailer's "most audacious book".
ellauri184.html on line 90: His final novel, The Castle in the Forest, which focused on Hitler's childhood, reached number five on the Times best-seller list after publication in January 2007. It received reviews that were more positive than any of his books since The Executioner's Song. Castle was intended to be the first volume of a trilogy, but Mailer died several months after it was completed. The Castle in the Forest received a laudatory 6,200-word front-page review by Lee Siegel in the New York Times Book Review, as well as a Bad Sex in Fiction Award by the Literary Review magazine.
ellauri184.html on line 92: Critical response to Mailer's Jesus novel was mixed. Jack Miles, writing for Commonweal, found the book "a quiet, sweet, almost wan little book, a kindly offering from a New York Jew to his wife's Bible Belt family." He noted that there was "something undeniably impressive about the restraint" of the style that Mailer undertook in composing the novel. He concluded that the novel was neither one of Mailer's best works, nor would it stand out amongst the bibliography of books inspired by the life of Christ, but that it had received unfairly harsh reviews from other critics.
ellauri184.html on line 93: Critics such as Reynolds Price, writing for The New York Times, pointed to a "lack of inventiveness", based upon the fact that Mailer took so few liberties with the biblical text. Nuchem was a little disappointed with the low share of bad reviews it got.
ellauri184.html on line 95: Notorious philanderer," "egomaniac," "pugnacious" and "pompous" are a few of the milder epitaphs that have been used to describe controversial and larger-than-life (inevitably) Norman Mailer. His New York Times obituary was even titled, "Norman Mailer, Towering Writer With Matching Ego, Dies at 84." Known in the literary world as one of the greatest writers of the twentieth century, Mailer won two Pulitzer Prizes in literature and one National Book Award. He is credited with having pioneered creative nonfiction as a genre, also called New Journalism. During his life he became as famous for his relationships with women as he did for his literary work. He was married six times and fathered eight children. Here is a brief look at some the six wives of Norman Mailer.
ellauri184.html on line 97: Bea Silverman was Norman Mailer's college sweetheart and first wife. He met her during his junior year at Harvard while she was a student at Boston University. They divorced in 1952 when Nuchem was already philandering with Speedy Gonzales.
ellauri184.html on line 99: Norris Church was born Barbara Jean Davis and grew up in Atkins, Arkansas, the daughter of Free Will Baptists. At the age of three she won the title of Little Miss Little Rock. In her twenties she had a brief fling with a young Bill Clinton. She met Mailer in 1975 when he came to Russellville, Arkansas to promote his biography of Marilyn Monroe. The two fell into a passionate love affair, despite their 26-year age difference (sama kuin jos mä olisin vaihtanut Seijan niihin pieniin kiinalaisiin), and Church moved to New York a few months later. At the suggestion of Mailer, she changed her name to Norris Church when she began modeling with the Wilhelmina Modeling Agency. Norris was the last name of her first husband, and Mailer suggested Church since she had been a frequent church-goer while she was growing up. Eli siis tää Jee-suxen bio oli niikö lahja Norrixelle.
ellauri184.html on line 110: Eight days after Yeshua was born, his parents followed the Law and took Him to the Temple to be circumcised. Esinahka on kuulemma Italiassa reliikkinä.
ellauri184.html on line 120: According to your question, Jesus probably did not receive a traditional Bar Mitzvah as he was 13 at the time, but he did attain a Bar Mametery after graduating from high school. High school??? Eikös Jeshua ollut amiswiixi?
ellauri184.html on line 211: Nazareth (/ˈnæzərəθ/ NAZ-ər-əth; Arabic: النَّاصِرَة, an-Nāṣira; Hebrew: נָצְרַת, Nāṣəraṯ; Aramaic: ܢܨܪܬ, Naṣrath) is the largest city in the Northern District of Israel. Nazareth is known as "the Arab capital of Israel". In 2019 its population was 77,445. The inhabitants are predominantly Arab citizens of Israel, of whom 69% are Muslim and 30.9% Christian. Nof HaGalil (formerly "Nazareth Illegit"), declared a separate city in June 1974, is built alongside old Nazareth, and had a Jewish population of 40,312 in 2014.
ellauri184.html on line 217: Ed posted this for all those ‘Jesus was a Jew’ types who swallow this nonsense without understanding the inherent fallacies and/or dangers associated with such statements.
ellauri184.html on line 221: But, he says, “this is a gross distortion of the historical and cultural reality.” The northern province of Galilee was decisively distinct—in history, political status, and culture—from the southern province of Judea which contained the holy city of Jerusalem.
ellauri184.html on line 226: Geographically Galilee was separated from Judea by the non-Jewish territory of Samaria, and from Perea in the southeast by the Hellenistic settlements of Decapolis.
ellauri184.html on line 228: Politically Galilee had been under separate administration from Judea during almost all its history since the tenth century B.C. (apart from a period of “reunification” under the Maccabees), and in the time of Jesus it was under a (supposedly) native Herodian prince, while Judea and Samaria had since A.D. 6 been under the direct rule of a Roman prefect.
ellauri184.html on line 235: Religiously the Judean opinion was that Galileans were lax in their observance of proper ritual, and the problem was exacerbated by the distance of Galilee from the temple and the theological leadership, which was focused in Jerusalem.
ellauri184.html on line 237: The result, he says, is that even an impeccably Jewish Galilean in first-century Jerusalem was not among his own people; he was as much a foreigner as an Irishman in London or a Kuopio person in Helsinki. His accent would immediately mark him out as “not one of us,” and all the communal prejudice of the supposedly superior culture of the capital city would stand against his claim to be heard even as a prophet, let alone as the “Messiah,” a title which, as everyone knew, belonged to Judea (cf. John 7:40-42 ).
ellauri184.html on line 248: According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Manasseh was one of the Tribes of Israel. It is one of the ten lost tribes. Together with the Tribe of Ephraim, Manasseh also formed the House of Joseph.
ellauri184.html on line 250: According to the biblical chronicle, the Tribe of Manasseh was a part of a loose confederation of Israelite tribes from after the conquest of the land by Joshua until the formation of the first Kingdom of Israel in c. 1050 BC. No central government existed, and in times of crisis the people were led by ad hoc leaders known as Judges (see Book of Judges). With the growth of the threat from Palestinian (sorry) Philistine incursions, the Israelite tribes decided to form a strong centralised monarchy to meet the challenge, and the Tribe of Manasseh joined the new kingdom with Saul as the first king. After the death of Saul, all the tribes other than Judah remained loyal to the House of Saul, but after the death of Ish-bosheth, Saul's son who succeeded him to the throne of Israel, the Tribe of Manasseh joined the other northern Israelite tribes in making Judah's king David the king of a re-united Kingdom of Israel. However, on the accession of David's grandson Rehoboam, in c. 930 BC the northern tribes split from the House of David and from Saul's tribe Benjamin to reform Israel as the Northern Kingdom. Manasseh was a member of the Northern Kingdom until the kingdom was conquered by Assyria in c. 723 BC and the population deported. From that time, the Tribe of Manasseh has been counted as one of the ten lost tribes of Israel.
ellauri184.html on line 255: These passages also make it clear the land of East Manasseh was further divided into two sub-sections, or, regions. These are known as Bashan and Gilead. Bashan, as Adams pointed out, "included all of the tableland south of Mount Hermon to the river Yarmuk". The western border of Bashan was the Jordan River and Sea of Galilee. Hypercritical scholars [who?] argue that the two sections had different origins, noting that in the First Book of Chronicles separate tribal rulers were named for the western half tribe and the eastern half tribe.
ellauri184.html on line 269: There were important defeats along the way but it is interesting to observe that commanders often escaped repercussions for their militawy incompetence and it was usually the soldiers who bore the blame for defeat. Though a legionawy could theoretically come from any province within the Empire, the requirement of Woman citizenship had consequences for demographics: legionawies were more likely to speak Latin than non-citizen soldiers, they were usually wecwuited from the most heavily Womanized cities and provinces, their citizenship held inherent prestige that afforded them privilege over both civilians and other soldiers, etc. Legions primarily garrisoned in major imperial provinces, such as Syria, Pannonia, and post-War Judaea. With the exception of Egypt, all provinces with at least one legion were required to have a governor with Senator status. Legions primarily consisted of infantry soldiers, with a few cavalry or archers present among their ranks. Roughly 30 legions were active at any given time within the Empire and each consisted of approximately 5400 soldiers and officers, a standing army of ca. 150-300K total, though not all with a weceived Latin pwonunciation.
ellauri184.html on line 277: There were also royal forces that did not directly serve Wome, but were under the authority of a client king. The periphery of the Woman Empire was peppered with kingdoms allied with Wome that maintained their own militawies independent of the Empire proper (e.g., Herod the Great’s Judaea, Antipas’ Galilee, Cleopatra’s Egypt). These armies differed from kingdom to kingdom with respect to their hierarchies, pay scale, wecwuitment strategies, and so on. Wome occasionally expected kings to contribute soldiers to militawy campaigns as part of their reciprocal loyalty. Because kings could not offer their veterans Woman citizenship, the matter was irrelevant. With little invested in Womanness, royal soldiers spoke the local lingua franca and rarely had knowledge of Latin or other aspects of Woman culture.
ellauri184.html on line 279: Remembering the distinctions between these three militawy forces – legionawies, auxiliaries, and royal forces – is pivotal for understanding both pre-War and post-War Palestine. The Jewish War (66-73 CE) was a catastrophic event for civilians in the region, regardless of their participation in the revolt against Wome. The destruction of the temple, the imposition of massive new militawy and administrative apparatus, widespread devastation, significant loss of life, among other factors, led to significantly different experiences of the militawy before and after the Jewish War. It is impossible to talk about the pre-War and post-War life without attending to the details of these different units, especially auxiliaries and legionawies.
ellauri184.html on line 283: Afterwards, some noteworthy changes occurred. Since Judaea was now officially part of Wome, royal Herodian soldiers were subsumed into the Woman army as auxiliaries.
ellauri184.html on line 285: In the Palestinian hinterlands, it was not practical to use Sebastene and Caesarean soldiers, so other locals were deployed to form militawy garrisons before the War. Indeed, there was little reason for Judaea to supply soldiers to principalities like Galilee and Batanaea. Even though Caesarea and Sebaste were primarily Gentile, we will see that Caesarean Jews also served in the Woman army.
ellauri184.html on line 312: (1) Sex between Gentile masters and slaves was commonplace.
ellauri184.html on line 320: There are six main arguments against the assumption that Jesus was endorsing homosexual relations in his encounter with the centurion at Capernaum. Individually, they are strong arguments. Collectively they work like a condom, make an airtight case against a pro-homosex reading. Here they are:
ellauri184.html on line 338: Capernaum, Douai Capharnaum, modern Kefar Naḥum, ancient city on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee, Israel oli postipussin nimikkokaupunki. Capernaum did not have any flamboyant gay pride parades, and Sodom did. And yet Jesus said that Capernaum was going to catch it worse, sanoo yleensä luotettavat lähteemme. Kapernaumilaiset arveli että Jeesus porukoineen oli joko hulluja tai humalaisia, ja suursyömäreitä lisäxi.
ellauri184.html on line 340: Capernaum (/kəˈpɜːrneɪəm, -niəm/ kə-PUR-nay-əm, -⁠nee-əm; Hebrew: כְּפַר נַחוּם, romanized: Kfar Naḥum, lit. 'Nahum's village'; Arabic: كفر ناحوم, romanized: Kafr Nāḥūm) was a fishing village established during the time of the Hasmoneans, located on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee.
ellauri184.html on line 342: The village was inhabited continuously from the second century BC to the 11th century AD, when it was abandoned sometime before the First Crusade. This includes the re-establishment of the village during the Early Islamic period soon after the 749 earthquake. The village subsequently became known as al-Samakiyya; it was depopulated of its Palestinian population during the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine on May 4, 1948, under Operation Matateh.
ellauri184.html on line 346: The town is cited in all four gospels (Matthew 4:13, 8:5, 11:23, 17:24, Mark 1:21, 2:1, 9:33, Luke 4:23, 31,7:1, 10:15, John 2:12, 4:46, 6:17, 24, 59) where it was reported to have been the hometown of the tax collector Matthew (aka Leevi, eri kuin evankelista), and located not far from Bethsaida, the hometown of the apostles Simon Peter, Andrew, James and John. Some readers take Mark 2:1 as evidence that Jesus may have owned a home in the town, but it is more likely that he stayed in the house of one of his followers here. He certainly spent time teaching and healing there. One Sabbath, Jesus taught in the synagogue in Capernaum and healed a man who was possessed by an unclean spirit (Luke 4:31–36 and Mark 1:21–28). This story is notable as the only one that is common to the gospels of Mark and Luke, but not contained in the Gospel of Matthew (see Synoptic Gospels for more literary comparison between the gospels). Afterward, Jesus healed Simon Peter´s mother-in-law of a fever (Luke 4:38–39). According to Luke 7:1–10 and Matthew 8:5, this is also the place where Jesus healed the boyfriend of a Roman centurion who had asked for his help. Capernaum is also the location of the healing of the paralytic lowered by friends through the roof to reach Jesus, as reported in Mark 2:1–12 and Luke 5:17–26.
ellauri184.html on line 355: First, the problem is theological: The apostle Paul clearly marks the beginning of sodomy with the practical theological problem of idolatry. “although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God, nor were thankful, but became futile in their thoughts...” (Rom. 1:21 ). What was the result? “For this reason God gave them up to vile passions. For even their women exchanged their natural use for what is against nature. LIkewise also the men, leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust for one another, men with men committing what is shameful, and receiving in themselves the penalty of their error which was due” (Rom. 1:26-27 ). In short, a skewed vision of God leads directly to a skewed vision of man and human sexuality.
ellauri184.html on line 359: Third, the sin is not an isolated one. Sins come in clusters, cheaper by the dozen. We must understand that sexual sin was not the only problem Sodom had. Consider Ezekiel 16:49 . Her problems included pride, fullness of food, and abundance of idleness. It also involved a neglect of the poor and needy. The standards of God’s law are dear to Him, and the poor are His special concern. It is not possible to have contempt for the former and remain tender toward the latter.
ellauri184.html on line 423: You have heard that it was said, "You shall not commit adultery." But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart (Matthew 5:27-28, NIV).
ellauri184.html on line 514: During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the primary justification for circumcision was to prevent masturbation (???) and intentionally reduce male sexual pleasure, which was believed to cause a wide range of medical problems. Modern proponents say that circumcision reduces the risks of a range of infections and diseases, and confers sexual benefits (???). By contrast, some opponents, particularly of routine neonatal circumcision, question its utility and effectiveness in preventing such diseases, and object to subjecting newborn males, without their consent, to a procedure they consider to have dubious and nonessential benefits, significant risks, and a potentially negative impact on general health and later sexual enjoyment, as well as violating their human rights.
ellauri184.html on line 518: The Book of Genesis explains circumcision as a covenant with God given to Abraham,[Gen 17:10] In Judaism it "symbolizes the promise of lineage and fruitfulness of a great (???) nation," the "seal of ownership (???) and the guarantee of relationship between peoples and their god." Some scholars look elsewhere for the origin of Jewish circumcision. One explanation, dating from Herodotus, is that the custom was acquired from the Egyptians, possibly during the period of enslavement. An additional hypothesis, based on linguistic/ethnographic work begun in the 19th century, suggests circumcision was a common tribal custom among Semitic tribes (Jews, Arabs, and Phoenicians).
ellauri184.html on line 524: In 167 BCE Judea was part of the Seleucid Empire. Its ruler, Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175–165 BCE), smarting from a defeat in a war against Ptolemaic Egypt, banned traditional Jewish religious practices, and attempted to forcibly let the Jews accept Hellenistic culture. Throughout the country Jews were ordered, with the threat of execution, to sacrifice pigs to Greek gods (the normal practice in the Ancient Greek religion), desecrate the Shabbat, eat unkosher animals (especially pork), and relinquish their Jewish scriptures. Antiochus´ decree also outlawed Jewish circumcision, and parents who violated his order were hanged along with their infants.[1Mac 1:46-67] According to Tacitus, as quoted by Hodges, Antiochus "endeavoured to abolish Jewish superstition and to introduce Greek civilization."
ellauri184.html on line 528: Classical, Hellenistic, and Roman culture found circumcision to be cruel and repulsive. In the Roman Empire, circumcision was regarded as a barbaric and disgusting custom. The consul Titus Flavius Clemens was condemned to death by the Roman Senate in 95 CE for, according to the Talmud, circumcising himself and converting to Judaism. The Emperor Hadrian (117–138) forbade circumcision. Overall, the rite of circumcision was especially execrable in Classical civilization, also because it was the custom to spend an hour a day or so exercising nude in the gymnasium and in Roman baths, therefore Jewish men did not want to be seen in public deprived of their foreskins.
ellauri184.html on line 530: Hadrian´s policy after the rebellion reflected an attempt to root out Judaism: he enacted a ban on circumcision, all Jews were forbidden to enter Jerusalem upon pain of death, and the city was renamed Aelia Capitolina, while Judea was renamed Syria Palaestina. Around 140, his successor Antoninus Pius (138-161 CE) exempted Jews from the decree against circumcision, allowing them to circumcise their sons, although they were forbidden to do the same on their slaves and proselytes. Jewish nationalists´ (Pharisees and Zealots) response to the decrees also took a more moderate form: circumcisions were secretly performed, even on dead Jews.
ellauri184.html on line 532: However, there were also many Jews, known as "Hellenizers", who viewed Hellenization and social integration of the Jewish people in the Greco-Roman world favourably, and pursued a completely different approach: accepting the Emperor´s decree and even making efforts to restore their foreskins to better assimilate into Hellenistic society. The latter approach was common during the reign of Antiochus, and again under Roman rule. The foreskin was restored by one of two methods, that were later revived in the late 20th century; both were described in detail by the Greek physician Aulus Cornelius Celsus in his comprehensive encyclopedic work De Medicina, written during the reign of Tiberius (14-37 CE). The surgical method involved freeing the skin covering the penis by dissection, and then pulling it forward over the glans; he also described a simpler surgical technique used on men whose prepuce is naturally insufficient to cover their glans. The second approach, known as "epispasm", was non-surgical: a restoration device which consisted of a special weight made of bronze, copper, or leather (sometimes called Pondus Judaeus, i. e. "Jewish burden"), was affixed to the penis, pulling its skin downward. Over time, a new foreskin was generated, or a short prepuce was lengthened, by means of tissue expansion. Martial also mentioned the instrument in Epigrammaton (Book 7:35).
ellauri184.html on line 534: The Apostle Paul referred to these practices in his letters, saying: "Was a man already circumcised when he was called? He should not become uncircumcised."[1Cor 7:18] But he also explicitly denounced the forcing of circumcision upon non-Jews, rejecting and condemning those Judaizers who stipulated the ritual to Gentile Christians, labelling such advocates as "false brothers"[Gal 2:4] (see below). In the mid-2nd century Rabbinical Jewish leaders, due to increasing cases of foreskin restorations in Roman Empire, introduced a radical method of circumcision, the periah, that left the glans totally uncovered and sew the remaining skin. The new method became immediately the only valid circumcision procedure, to ensure that a born Jew will remain circumcised and avoiding risk of restoring the foreskin. Operations became mostly irreversible.
ellauri184.html on line 545: Jeshua johtuu peukuttamaan vähän nolona universalismia. Eka sen piti olla messias tuppikulleille, muzen jutut uppos pakanoihin paljon paremmin. Sixe siteeraa Hesekielin luvusta 34 et herra isoherra hakee lampaat vaikka mistä puskista. Ja loppu on jo historiaa! Paavo Haavikkokin ymmärsi olla gentiilien apostoli, that´s where the big money is. Or was, nythän maailman rikkaimmissa on juutalaisia niin että nupit kolkkaavat. Kirjan oppineiden mielestä sananlevitys pakanoille oli pilkantekoa. Tästä saivat esinahkasodat uutta vauhtia.
ellauri184.html on line 575: Jeshuasta tuntui kurjalta ettei the powers that be arvostaneet sitä. Se sai läpyjä vaan laahuxelta, The hoi polloi. The great unwashed.
ellauri184.html on line 623: 2. Processes of marginalization and not the concrete breaking of laws – led to Jesus’s death. Not only was Jesus passively exposed to these processes of marginalization, but he partly contributed to them because he modelled himself as an outsider and distanced himself too little from the messianic expectations ascribed to him. This staged self-marginalization – partly done in performative fashion – was dangerous because the term “Messiah” was often charged with political content, as was exemplified by numerous rebel leaders who regarded themselves as the Messiah or were considered as such by their followers. Many of them were executed, including Jesus.
ellauri184.html on line 627: a) Jesus’s unusual behavior at different levels mostly explains the hatred against him. He did not breach any major laws, but more seriously, he did not live up to multiple expectations; instead, he maneuvered himself into the position of an outsider. This means that it was mental and psychological dispositions and perceptions on the part of his contemporaries – and not legal issues – that led to his receiving the death penalty.
ellauri184.html on line 638: If it is correct that the charge of blasphemy was brought forward (i.e., that Jesus claimed to be the eschatologically defined Son of Man, which seems to be the main reason for his execution in Jewish understanding), it would be easy to ascribe a political implication to this charge. This line of political argumentation is most clearly expressed in Luke 23.2: “We found this man perverting our nation, forbidding us to pay taxes to the emperor, and saying that he himself is the Messiah. The use of the death penalty confirms this political charge (crimen laesae maiestatis). Crucifixion as a Roman form of execution was reserved for slaves and peregrines who were involved in insurrections. The subtitle on the cross (ho basileus ton Iudaion, Iesus Nazarenus rex Iudaeorum, INRI), if it is historical, corroborates this particular charge.
ellauri184.html on line 644: The fact that Jesus had been preaching God’s word was irrelevant to Pilate. Sitähän ne liuhuparrat myötäänsä tekevät. The term “Messiah” which Jesus had been using, was more threatening to Pilate as it was laden with political connotations. The term presupposed that the “big king" (God) would make his reign prevail via a small king (Messiah), who had yet to appear. The only thing that remained unclear was exactly who this “small king" would be (a descendant of David’s?) and under what circumstances he would appear.
ellauri184.html on line 646: Jesus was crucified between two other “robbers”. The original Greek texts speak of lestai (Mt, Mk). Lestes is the Greek translation of the Latin latro. Both terms have a similarly broad semantic meaning. What is important in our context is that latro and lestes denote not only a street robber but also a resistance- and guerilla fighter. It is likely that no one perceived Jesus as a guerilla fighter, but the term lestes is even broader than the English terms robber, bandit, or resistance fighter, it includes terrorist.
ellauri184.html on line 649: Jesus was not merely a prophet. Due to his wanderings and teachings, he was also a radical itinerant charismatic preacher who represented a decidedly anti-hegemonial world view. His speeches were seen by the Jewish establishment as an incitement of the people.
ellauri184.html on line 651: To the average inhabitant of the Roman Empire, the manifold itinerant groups of magicians, sophists, cynics, other philosophers, astrologers, prophets, and eventually also Christians, must have appeared basically the same. These oscillating and enigmatic figures were simultaneously admired and despised for their "otherness". Why was Jesus able to appear as a radical itinerant preacher? He did not call for a political upheaval. Nevertheless, his messianic “program” was radical in its postulation of a proximity to God that had hitherto been unheard of and was based on the deliberate breaking of taboos and social conventions.
ellauri184.html on line 653: In the end, Jesus represented several different images of a bogeyman and became an outsider par excellence. He put off many of his adherents through his negligence of politics (i.e. he did not yield to their pressure to exert violence for political reasons), and he drew the attention of the authorities upon himself and made them suspicious through his eccentric speeches. Finally, Jesus was between the stools: There was no one left to speak in his favor. In the end, perceptions prevailed beyond all else.
ellauri184.html on line 655: The Romans regarded him as a political dissident, or an insurgent – which the word lestes/latro appropriately captured – via the claim that he was King of the Jews, a claim that he never denied. Jesus’s hobo life testified to his calling as a prophet and radical wandering charismatic who constantly transgressed social boundaries. These multi-faceted processes of marginalization that Jesus partly took on voluntarily and partly endured led – in the brutal logic of the time – to his crucifixion as an outsider.
ellauri184.html on line 659: Mercy as a basic principle of premodern jurisdiction was always an arbitrary act that took place more or less by chance. If things went wrong, culprits could be released and innocent people could be condemned. By whose criteria, one may ask.
ellauri184.html on line 682: The custom of releasing prisoners in Jerusalem at Passover is known to theologians as the Paschal Pardon, but this custom (whether at Passover or any other time) is not recorded in any historical document other than the gospels, leading some scholars to question its historicity and suspect that such a custom was a mere narrative invention of the Bible´s writers like so much else in the fake good news.
ellauri184.html on line 702: Jesus had some unnamed sisters and it isn’t unusual for a mother to give her name to a daughter. Still, beyond the passage from Philip, there is no record of Jesus having a sister named Mary who was always with him.
ellauri184.html on line 734: When Jesus was on the cross, both the apostle John and Mary the mother of Jesus stood nearby. In John 19:26–27 we read, “When Jesus saw his mother there, and the disciple whom he loved standing nearby, he said to her, ‘Woman, here is your son,’ and to the disciple, ‘Here is your mother.’ From that time on, this disciple took her into his home.” The clear understanding of the passage is that Jesus commanded John to care for Mary after His death.
ellauri184.html on line 736: Mary was most certainly a widow at this point in her life and also an older woman. Though she had other sons, Jesus chose John to provide care for Mary after His death. Why? Because Jesus’ brothers did not become believers until after His resurrection (John 7:5). Further, Jesus’ brothers were not present at His crucifixion. They had other errands just then. Jesus was entrusting Mary to John, who was a believer and was present, rather than entrusting her to His brothers, who were not believers and who were not even interested enough to be present at his crucifixion.
ellauri184.html on line 738: As the eldest son in His family, Jesus had a cultural obligation to care for His mother, and He passed that obligation on to one of His closest friends. John would have certainly obeyed this command. Mary was most likely one of the women in the upper room and was present when the church was established in Jerusalem (Acts 1:12–14). She probably continued to stay with John in Jerusalem until her death. It is only later in John’s life that his writings and church history reveal John left Jerusalem and ministered in other areas. By then he had probably got rid of mamma Maria.
ellauri184.html on line 740: This is also confirmed by Acts 8:1 that reads, “On that day a great persecution broke out against the church in Jerusalem, and all except the apostles were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria.” John was still in the city at this time (perhaps one or two years after the resurrection) and was still there three years after the conversion of Simon to Paul (Galatians 2:9).
ellauri184.html on line 742: There is no contextual proof within Scripture itself that would point to Jesus broadening Mary’s role as “mother” of all Christians. In fact, Catholic teaching can only point to early church leaders as proof that Jesus meant to establish Mary’s “motherhood” to all believers in Christ or that Mary was a cooperative participant in salvation. John just took Mary into his home to care for her. The Bible does not say “from that time on Mary became the stepmother of all believers.”
ellauri184.html on line 775: It does not take long for us to find out that Saramago is extremely sharp at finding all contradictions on roman-catholic religion. In the novel God seems to be the greediest of all gods, the vainest, the most detached from his people. Detached even from his son as he appeared to him in different shapes, only in the meeting at the lake did he appear to him as a man. God does not command, he orders, he tricks his own son into following his plan to the end. Ultimately Jesus’s betrayal was his last act of martyrdom.
ellauri184.html on line 781: The characters in the book are fascinating; my Jesuits friends and I laughed and enjoy this book. There were no doubts in our head by the end of the book. We did not feel like it shook our religion or affected the way we perceived God. This book was after all under fiction so everyone that is easily offended stay away from this book and stop complaining about blasphemy and crying around like little kids. Saramago is a Nobel price winner and foremost a grown man that is entitled to his own opinions. This one of his finest, if not the best, of his book in my opinion, a must read. Of course he is dead by now.
ellauri184.html on line 785: This is a bold fearless work and definitely not for the faint of heart. I am not surprised that when this was originally published in 1991, it created lots of controversies with the Catholic Church condemning Jose Saramago for harboring anti-religious vision and his own Portuguese government asking the European Literary Prize to remove this from its shortlist because of the book’s offensive content to religion. Despite this book’s existence, Saramago won the 1998 Nobel Prize for Literature.
ellauri185.html on line 66: According to Jewish tradition, the book was written by Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, who together are three prophets who had appeared within 1 Chronicles during the account of David's reign. Modern scholarly thinking posits that the entire Deuteronomistic history was composed circa 630–540 BCE by combining a number of independent texts of various ages.
ellauri185.html on line 71: According to Joshua 19, Tyre, a "strong city", was allotted to the Tribe of Asher.
ellauri185.html on line 86: Regular excavation activities only started again in 1995 under the supervision of Ali Khalil Badawi. Shortly afterwards, an Israeli bomb destroyed an apartment block in the city and evidence for an early church was revealed underneath the rubble. Thanks for help in digging brothers!
ellauri185.html on line 152: On November 16, 1491, an auto-da-fé was held outside of Ávila that ended in the public execution of several Jews and conversos. The suspects had confessed under torture to murdering a child. Among the executed were Benito García, the converso who initially confessed to the murder. However, no body was ever found and there is no evidence that a child disappeared or was killed; because of contradictory confessions, the court had trouble coherently depicting how events possibly took place. The child's very existence is also disputed.
ellauri185.html on line 154: The Holy Child has been called Spain's "most infamous case of blood libel". The incident took place one year before the expulsion of the Jews from Spain, and the Holy Child was "possibly" used as a pretext for the expulsion.
ellauri185.html on line 156: On 16 November 1491, in the Brasero de la Dehesa (lit: "brazier in the meadow") in Ávila, all of the accused were handed over to the secular authorities and burned at the stake. Nine people were executed - three Jews: Yusef Franco, Ça Franco, and Moses Abenamías; and six conversos: Alonso, Lope, García and Juan Franco, Juan de Ocaña and Benito García. As was customary, the sentences were read out at the auto-da-fé, and those of Yucef Franco and Benito García have been preserved.
ellauri185.html on line 165: Castiglione wrote Il Cortegiano or The Book of the Courtier, a courtesy book dealing with questions of the etiquette and morality of the courtier. It was very influential in 16th-century European court circles.
ellauri185.html on line 373: Everyone ought to regard everyone with respect, that's all. Rispektiä kehiin kuten Saul Bellowin isoäitl Lauschilla. Rakastamisesta ei mitään puhetta. Oliko Parfit juutalainen? Ei vaan pikemminkin Olavi Pylkkänen. He was born in Chengdu, western China, where his parents, Jessie (nee Browne) and Norman Parfit practised preventive medicine in Christian missionary hospitals. Life partner Janet Richards believes Parfit had Asperger syndrome. He pledged to donate at least 10% of his income to effective charities. No brittejä ei verot paljon paina. Ehkä se säästi charityrahat parturimenoista.
ellauri185.html on line 392: In 2005, he upset the chair of the SETI: Post-Detection Science and Technology Taskgroup of the International Academy of Astronautics. Davies serves on the Advisory Council of METI (Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence). Davies was a co-author with Felisa Wolfe-Simon on the faked 2011 Science article "A Bacterium That Can Grow by Using Arsenic Instead of Phosphorus". Davies has been criticized for promoting a hypothesis that cancer is an evolutionary atavism or throwback to single-celled life, a claim that is biologically unfounded.
ellauri185.html on line 408: Pinker was born in Montreal, Quebec, in 1954, to a middle-class Jewish family. His grandparents emigrated to Canada from Poland and Romania in 1926, and owned a small necktie factory in Montreal. His father was a lawyer. His mother eventually became a high-school vice-principal. His brother is a policy analyst for the Canadian government, while his sister, Susan Pinker, is a psychologist and writer who authored The Sexual Paradox and The Village Effect.
ellauri185.html on line 412: In 2004, Pinker was named in Time's "The 100 Most Influential People in the World Today", and in the years 2005, 2008, 2010, and 2011 in Foreign Policy's list of "Top 100 Global Thinkers". Pinker was also included in Prospect Magazine's top 10 "World Thinkers" in 2013. He has won awards from the American Psychological Association, the National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Institution, the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, and the American Humanist Association.
ellauri185.html on line 761: What was the plague that killed the firstborn of Egypt?
ellauri185.html on line 785:

What was the plague that killed the firstborn of Egypt?

ellauri185.html on line 787: Darkness blanketed the country for three days. The eldest child in each family died suddenly, and so did the first born animals. A swarm of locusts ate what was left of them.
ellauri185.html on line 791: Killing of the firstborn was the best. In the 10th, and last plague, Moses tells the Pharaoh that all the firstborns in the land of Egypt would perish.
ellauri185.html on line 813: The supreme archangel Michael. Therefore, the first creation by God was the supreme archangel followed by other archangels, who are identified with lower intellects, IQ in the range 80-100. Gabriel is rumored to have been the biological father of both Virgin Mary and her son. He was not the sharpest knife in the drawer, but a looker, and a slick customer, like his mate, who humped Lysia while Gabriel was talking up her mother.
ellauri185.html on line 834: One passage that offers some insight regarding birth defects can be found in John 9:2-3: "And his disciples asked him, 'Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind?' Jesus answered, 'It was not that this man sinned, or his parents, but that the works of God might be displayed in him.'" It is clear from these words of Jesus that birth defects are ultimately not due to the sin of the parents or child, but serve as part of God's plan for our lives. If not for the defective person as such, then at least for the greater common good. Defective persons are prohibited from entering the holiest of the holy.
ellauri185.html on line 842: The House of Habsburg was known for its intermarriages; the Habsburg lip often cited as an ill-effect. The closely related houses of Habsburg, Bourbon, Braganza and Wittelsbach (Was?! das ist unser Haus! Ach nein!) also frequently engaged in first-cousin unions as well as the occasional double-cousin and uncle–niece marriages.
ellauri185.html on line 855: In Leader's Bellow biography Vol 2, “Love and Strife,” the novel “Herzog” is published on the very first page and reaches No. 1 on the best-seller list, supplanting John le Carré’s ‘The Spy Who Came In From the Cold.’ Never again would Bellow, about to turn 50 years old, lack for wealth, power, awards or flunkies to stand by him, ready to take his coat and do his bidding. The temptation for someone in his position was to become an insufferable, spoiled monster. And Bellow quickly gave in to temptation.
ellauri185.html on line 857: Bellow’s bad temper in the late ’60s was by no means directed exclusively at would-be biographers, radical students and aggrieved wives. Bellow had so many targets to attack, whether insulting them face to face or in blistering letters or put-downs circulated through intermediaries. One of his favorite one-liners ran: “Let’s you and him fight.” The most salient recipients of Bellow’s bad temper in this biography were his three sons, each from a different mother — the oldest 21 when this volume starts, the youngest just 1 year old and about to be abandoned after yet another divorce.
ellauri185.html on line 861: Bellow didn’t just model some main characters on famous friends, but all characters were taken from life. He was in many ways a very thoughtful and kind person, but I think his need to be the top dog, the best, was very deep.
ellauri185.html on line 863: The irony in Bellow’s soul was that he craved love and experience, and learned to view people coldly and clinically. The writer Amos Oz recalled most vividly from his friendship with Bellow an exchange that they shared privately about death. “I said I was hoping to die in my sleep, but Saul responded by saying that, on the contrary, he would like to die wide awake and fully conscious, because his death is such a crucial experience he wouldn’t want to miss it.”
ellauri185.html on line 865: As previous biographers have discovered, it’s difficult to write an endearing biography of Bellow. “Was I a man or was I a jerk?” Bellow inquired on his deathbed. The answer should be obvious.
ellauri188.html on line 66: The Marquesas Islands constitute one of the five administrative divisions (subdivisions administratives) of French Polynesia. The capital of the Marquesas Islands’ administrative subdivision is the town of Taiohae, on the island of Nuku Hiva. The population of the Marquesas Islands was 9,346 inhabitants at the time of the August 2017 census. Ennen valkonahkoja porukoita oli satatuhatta. Kiva desimaatio. Niillä oli liian helppoa, aika tehä niiden elämästä vähän vaikeampaa.
ellauri188.html on line 92: There does not appear to be any big success stories of missionary work in the Marquesas Islands. The first missionaries to arrive in the Marquesas from 1797, coming from England via Tahiti, were William Pascoe Crook (1775-1846) and John Harris (1754-1819) of the London Missionary Society. Harris could not endure the conditions at all and returned to Tahiti only a few months later. A contemporary report says that he was picked up on the beach, utterly desperate, naked and looted. Crook remained until 1799.
ellauri188.html on line 94: The American mission from Hawaii was no more successful. William Patterson Alexander (1805-1864), Benjamin Parker (1803-1877), and Richard Armstrong (1805-1860) arrived in the Marquesas in 1834 from Hawaii with their wives and a three-month-old baby. They returned the same year. In 1853, more missionaries led by James Kekela (1824-1904) arrived at Fatu Hiva with their wives from Hawaii, but were unable to remain there because of clashes with Catholic missionaries arriving on a French warship.
ellauri188.html on line 98: From 1838 to 1839, the Catholic mission was able to establish itself, supported by the French order Pères et religieuses des Sacrés-Cœurs de Picpus, which was not founded until 1800. The missionaries spread from Mangareva to Tahuata, Ua Pou, Fatu Hiva and Nuku Hiva. They suffered the same hostile reception and tribal warfare as their fellow Protestants. However, with the support of the French authorities, they were able to sustain themselves in the long run, despite all the obstacles. They even managed to baptize King Moana of Nuku Hiva, who, however, died of smallpox in 1863. Regrettably, but he got salvaged anyway.
ellauri188.html on line 102: At the 2017 census, 97.0% of the population whose age was 15 and older reported that they could speak French (up from 94.1% at the 2007 census). 92.6% lied that they could also read and write it (up from 90.2% at the 2007 census).
ellauri188.html on line 128: I found the breadfruit abundant on all the islands visited (fortunately, I was not obliged to eat poipoi) somewhat dwarfed when growing in the "jungle" in neglected valleys, but an enormous and noble tree when given space. The "jungle" of the Marquesas, by the way (although the islands are between 8 and 11 degrees south latitude) is by no means a tropical jungle as the latter is usually pictured, but is made up very largely of young and old and dying and dead specimens of the Fau, or Purao tree, a native hibiscus which grows to a large size, and is much used by the natives for building. One does not see, in the Marquesas, the rank, choking growths peculiar to Brazil, Central America and other really tropical countries. The appearance of the valleys in that group is more subtropical than tropical, and hence, while this growth may dwarf the breadfruit to a greater or less extent, it does not seem that it would always be fatal to its existence.
ellauri188.html on line 130: It is perhaps appropriate to describe briefly, in this connection, the agricultural conditions in Typee Vai, the valley on Nukuhiva made famous by Melville's classie "Typee." It will be remembered by those who have read his narrative that he escaped from his ship. in Taiohae Bay in 1842 and was held a prisoner for many months by the eannibals of Typee. At that time he figured the inhabitants of the valley as repre sented by about 2,000 souls, with perhaps 2,000 more in the neighboring valley of Houmi. A period of 80 years has elapsed (not a long time historically) be tween his sojourn there and my visit in 1922. In November of that year I found 44 people in Typee, and 65 in Houmi, though from Pere Simeon Delmar, the charming and self-sacrificing priest at Taiohae, who is in close touch with all his people, I learned. that the death rate in Typee had been normal for several years and that one or two families there had many children. I was astonished at the appearance of Typee Valley; for, from reading "White Shadows" and from
ellauri188.html on line 132: old people, green from long drinking of kava-worth- less wretches in a huddle of huts on the shore. What I did see was an enormous valley, over a mile wide
ellauri188.html on line 136: the lower part. As I stood on the ridge between Happar Valley and Typee and looked down into the latter, I was not only amazed at seeing evidence of comparative prosperity, though in a limited area, where I expected utter- desolation, but I was deeply impressed with the agricultural possibilities of this historic region.
ellauri188.html on line 142: Referring to the last paragraph in Mr. Wester's communication-It would appear that if one is dependent, as was the writer, upon trading schooners to get from Tahiti to the Marquesas, then amongst these islands and return to Tahiti, his program for work in these two groups would take more than a year and his estimate of expense might, in consequence, be exceeded. Sometimes one is obliged to wait from one month to three to get the opportunity to move from one island in the Marquesas to another forty or fifty or eighty miles away, so rare and uncertain are the visits of these schooners. Further, in the absence of any regular means of communication, one has to seize any chance opportunity of transportation or run the risk of being marooned for a long period. On the other hand, if a schooner were chartered, which is the best possible way of visiting and working among the South Sea Islands, schooner, captain, crew and provisions would cost about $1,000 per month (this figure was obtained from an authoritative source) and a year on shipboard might not be needed. Under such conditions Mr. Wester's calculation of $8,500 for a year's work in the Marquesas and Societies may not be far out of the way.
ellauri188.html on line 311: In the 1840s Britain and France considered sponsoring continued independence of the Republic of Texas and blocking U.S. moves to obtain California. Balance of power considerations made Britain want to keep the western territories out of U.S. hands to limit U.S. power; in the end, France opposed such intervention in order to limit British power, the same reason for which France had sold Louisiana to the U.S. and earlier supported the American Revolution. Thus the great majority of the territorial growth of the continental United States was accepted without question by Paris.
ellauri188.html on line 415: Josh's other projects included the horror-thriller Child of Darkness, Child of Light, an adaptation of Paterson's novel Virgin, a tale of two Catholic virgin schoolgirls, that folded when they were both found pregnant under mysterious and supernatural circumstances. To avoid being caught red "handed" Lucas relocated to Australia to play the hot "headed" American cousin Luke McGregor opposite Andrew Clarke and Guy Pearce in the first season of the family western Snowy River: The McGregor Saga. Lucas appeared in all 13 episodes of the first season, but claimed in a later interview that despite the friendly reception by Rhonda Byrne, he was homesick for the United States, and his character was killed off in the second episode of season 2.
ellauri188.html on line 420: Right before the play was to open, Lucas was mugged and beaten "on his way to the theater" for "dress rehearsal". He played the role of Judas with bloody bandages across his broken nose and black eyes. The audience thought the bandages were part of the play.
ellauri188.html on line 427: Lucas met freelance writer Jessica "Chichua" Ciencin Henriquez at a dog park in 2011. They became knotted six weeks later and got loose on March 17, 2012, in Central Park. Their pup, Noah Reb Maurer, was born in June 2012. In January 2014, Ciencin Henriquez filed for a divorce that became final in October 2014.
ellauri189.html on line 70: Antoni Malczewski (3 June 1793 – 2 May 1826) was a Polish romantic poet, known for his only work, "a narrative poem of dire pessimism", Maria (1825).
ellauri189.html on line 72: Malczewski was born to a wealthy family in either Volhynia or Warsaw, and attended school in Krzemieniec (modern-day Kremenets, Ukraine), but did not graduate. He joined the army of the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw during the Napoleonic Wars in 1811, and remained in the army of Congress Poland under Emperor Alexander from 1815. He was wounded in the foot in a duel in 1816 and so had to leave the army.
ellauri189.html on line 73: At the times, prominent and scandalizing was his autodestructive romance with a married woman, Zofia Rucińska, who had a mental illness.
ellauri189.html on line 77: "Maria" was hailed by the younger generation as one of the first authentic literary products of Polish romanticism (the adherents of the so-called Warsaw Classicism were, on the contrary, horrified by the dark plot and the author’s preference for “provincial” words and expressions). Malczewski was then already in poor health and, before a year had passed, in May 1826, he died – impoverished and disgraced because of his affair with a hysterical married woman (whom he was supposed to heal by means of mesmerism – after his death she returned to her husband).
ellauri189.html on line 81: It is generally held to be most influenced by Lord Byron, whom Malczewski had met in Venice during his travels around western Europe, though it is considerably more gloomy and Gothic than Byron's work. Malczewski is sometimes considered part of the "Ukrainian school" in Polish poetry, though others consider his work to stand uniquely separate. Maria was also influential on later Polish poets, especially Adam Mickiewicz, and on writer Joseph Conrad, although he was not a romantic as such. Well, some of his stuff is pretty gooey, like Nostromo, the Panamanian guy.
ellauri189.html on line 84: scenery, especially the so-called Dzikie Pola (“Waste Fields”), a vast area in the South-West of the Ukraine, bordered by the rivers Dnieper and Dniester, where the Russian tanks now sit stuck in the mud. In the seventeenth century it was scarcely populated and continually raided by the Tartars from the Crimea. The Cossacks, who defended this borderland, were originally allies of Poland. However, they resented their disdainful treatment by the szlachta (the Polish gentry) and particularly the magnates, who owned large manors with serfs.
ellauri189.html on line 88: rusza”, "And through the empty corners the king of the desert sets off") aspired themselves to a privileged position, and when it was refused
ellauri189.html on line 97: “Simple was his bow, short his salutation; however, he seemed different from
ellauri189.html on line 114: It becomes clear that the apparent benevolence of the wojewoda was only a ruse to lure away the defenders from Maria’s home. During their absence his brigands, disguised as revellers (taking part in a kulig, a sort of carnival cortege of the szlachta moving about the countryside), had raided the house, carried Maria away and drowned her in a pond. Her dead body was found by the tenants and servants who had left it on the bed before they went in pursuit of the perpetrators of the crime. And so “Wacław loses in one moment everything on the world,/ Happiness, virtue, respect for his fellow-men and brothers” (“I tak Wacław od razu wszystko w świecie traci:/ Szczęście, cnotę, szacunek dla ludzi, swych braci”). It is suggested that in the “dark and dreary wood of human feelings” (“W tym
ellauri189.html on line 206: Malczewski’s worldview (Weltanschauung) seems at first sight very much akin to Schopenhauer’s metaphysical pessimism (the fact that the German philosopher’s main treatise Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung was almost neglected by his contemporaries, should not close our eyes to the fact that the first part of it was written immediately after the Napoleonic wars; it belongs to the same époque as Maria).
ellauri189.html on line 250: Jadwiga Maria Kinga Bal (Balowa) of Zaleszczyki, née Brunicka (July 26, 1879 – January 1, 1955) was a Polish baroness and a lifelong muse of Jacek Malczewski, considered Poland's national painter. She served as the live model for a series of his symbolic portrayals of women, as well as nude studies and mythological beings. Most were completed before the interwar period when Poland had not yet achieved independence.
ellauri189.html on line 256: Iga rated it did not like it Oct 27. It was only after his death that critics realized the originality of Mary, by Malczeski – released in 1825 – that it was in fact the first Polish narrative poem. The injury of an ankle, which Malczewski had sustained defending his lover’s good name, destroyed the writer’s military career; the injury returned and he could not participate in Napoleon’s campaign against Russia in 1812.
ellauri189.html on line 258: Aga rated it it was ok Mar 22, I love all the motifs, the atmosphere and the time period. Fascinated by Byron, Malczewski used complicated narration, an odd sequence of events, blanks, ambiguities and puzzles in his work.
ellauri189.html on line 262: Beata rated it liked it Aug 24, Anna rated it it was amazing Apr 24, That was an interesting experience.
ellauri189.html on line 264: Monika rated it it was amazing Dec 18. Affairs with married women ruined Malczewski’s reputation. To The European Library.
ellauri189.html on line 438: The Jordan River is a shadow of what it once was. The river acts as the main water source for Jordan, Israel, and the West Bank. As a result, 90% of the fresh water that replenishes it is diverted to agriculture. Another problem facing it is pollution from agricultural and wastewater run-offs. About 50% of the agricultural run-offs from the surrounding areas are dumped into the river which has caused its water levels to drop dramatically.
ellauri189.html on line 444: In December 2013, Israel, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority signed an agreement for laying a water pipeline to link the Red Sea with the Dead Sea. The pipeline would be 180 km (110 mi) long and is estimated to take up to five years to complete. In January 2015 it was reported that the level of water was dropping by 1 m (3 ft) a year.
ellauri189.html on line 446: On 27 November 2016, it was announced that the Jordanian government was shortlisting five consortia to implement the project. Jordan's ministry of Water and Irrigation said that the $100 million first phase of the project would begin construction in the first quarter of 2018, and would be completed by 2021.
ellauri189.html on line 463: Seacret is an MLM (multi-level marketing) company in the health, wellness, and beauty niche that specializes in the retail of products that contains salts, muds, and minerals which are sourced from the Dead Sea. Seacret is based in Arizona, USA and was founded by brothers Izhak Ben Shabat and Moty Ben Shabat. The company was initially launched in 2005 as a small retail shop that sold skincare products and the business continued to grow, the brothers decided to adopt an MLM business model sometime in 2011.
ellauri189.html on line 540: I was where you are. I did a lot of research and found that MLM and Ponzi schemes are too closely related. Don’t take my word for it. Look into it. There are absolutely legitimate MLM companies and Cutco might be one of them. But is that the answer?
ellauri189.html on line 562: Some of the first recorded incidents to meet the modern definition of the Ponzi scheme were carried out from 1869 to 1872 by Adele Spitzeder in Germany and by Sarah Howe in the United States in the 1880s through the "Ladies' Deposit". Howe offered a solely female clientele an 8% monthly interest rate and then stole the money that the women had invested. She was eventually discovered and served three years in prison. The Ponzi scheme was also previously described in novels; Charles Dickens' 1844 novel Martin Chuzzlewit and his 1857 novel Little Dorrit both feature such a scheme.
ellauri189.html on line 564: In the 1920s, Charles Ponzi carried out this scheme and became well known throughout the United States because of the huge amount of money that he took in. His original scheme was based on the legitimate arbitrage of international reply coupons for postage stamps, but he soon began diverting new investors' money to make payments to earlier investors and to himself. Unlike earlier similar schemes, Ponzi's gained considerable press coverage both within the United States and internationally both while it was being perpetrated and after it collapsed – this notoriety eventually led to the type of scheme being named after him.
ellauri189.html on line 736: According to this explanation for the origin of this tradition, at some generation A, some Pashtuns decided they are Bene Israel. Then they convinced or forced the other Pashtuns, although no one has ever heard of it before. Time had passed, and at generation B the tradition was already so acceptable, that not only many (probably most) of the Pashtuns believed it, but they completely forgot that once, at generation A, some Pashtuns invented it and convinced or forced others it is true. Very like the way some zealot Jews in generation A convinced others that their windy god was the only one. But this is irrational.
ellauri189.html on line 771: Other evidence includes names of places in Afghanistan and Kashmir that resemble ancient towns in Israel that are mentioned in the bible. And some say that until not so long ago, one of the names of the Amu Darya (River Oxus) was Gozan, which is mentioned as one of the placed the damn Assyrians exiled the people of Israel to. There are also the names of tribes that resemble the children of Yaakov (the names of the Israeli tribes), like Lewani (Lewi), Daftali (Naftali), Yusufzai (children of Yussuf-Yossef), Rubanni (Reuven), Afridi (Efrayim) etc. Also parts of the Pashtunwali resemble some parts of the Torah.
ellauri189.html on line 779: Here it is said that almost half of Indian Afridi Pathans are very close genetically to Jews. I heard from some Pashtuns that Pathans are actually Pashtuns that mixed with other nations, so I was set to try to do a DNA test myself on friends of mine who are pure-blood Pashtuns. I already got an offer from a commercial company, when I suddenly remembered something I read not long ago – a Wikipedia article about Jewish genetics. They didn´t prove a thing, so I spend the rest of this section by hand-waving them away.
ellauri189.html on line 789: Anyway, we should say that not only this evidence is not strong enough; it is actually not evidence at all. Jews in Europe spoke 3 languages – Hebrew, the language of their country (French in France, German in Germany etc) and Yidish. Yidish has only a few Semetic elements and is closer to German, and was used for daily communication between Jews in Europe. Jews in Spain and Portugal also spoke 3 languages – Hebrew, Spanish and Ladino. Ladino was the Yidish of the Jews in Spain and Portugal. In Arabic countries, again, the Jews spoke 3 languages – Hebrew, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic. The later was the Yidish of Jews in Arabic countries.
ellauri189.html on line 797: People who kept the religion of Moses and Israel (what is called now Judaism) all along. They are Bene Israel because non-Israelis who married them, accepted the religion too, and Moses taught Bene Israel that if someone accepts that religion and goes through a certain process (called Giyur in Hebrew), he becomes an Israeli himself (Moses’ own wife, Sipora, was actually a convert).
ellauri189.html on line 805: So the question is whether one believes the tradition that Pashtuns didn’t mix with other nations or doesn’t. It is less provable than the tradition of being Bene Israel, because if Pashtuns did mix and stopped mixing at some generation A, it is possible that the tradition of not mixing was created at a later generation B, if they didn’t mix for enough generations.
ellauri189.html on line 809: I should note that if some of the Pashtun tribes are descendants of Bene Israel and others aren’t, and the Pashtuns mixed within themselves, that would exclude Pashtuns from category 2. Yet, as far as I know, mixing even between tribes is rare (or at least was rare until recently). So I guess that if you are a Pashtun and the elders of your tribe say you are Bene Israel and that your tribe’s ancestors didn’t mix with tribes that aren’t Bene Israel, then you are Israeli. Otherwise, there might be some doubts in case some tribes (those that don’t have this tradition) weren’t original Pashtuns but adopted the Pashtuns’ culture at some point in history.
ellauri189.html on line 835: Second, if a non-Israeli marries an Israeli woman, they are not really married according to Halacha (Jewish law), but if he is Israeli from the 10 tribes, then they are really married and she must get divorced according to Halacha if she wants to marry an Israeli. On this topic, the Talmud says in Yevamot 16: “If a non-Jew married an Israeli woman according to Halacha, we are concerned that they might actually be married, because he might be from the 10 tribes”. The Talmud then asks: “But when someone is in front of us and we don’t know who he is, we assume he came from the majority of people, and the majority of people are not from the 10 tribes, so we shouldn’t be concerned”. The Talmud then says that this is only true in their land – the land where the 10 tribes live, because over there they are the majority. So the Talmud believes that the 10 tribes are still the majority in their land. If they had mixed this would not have been the case, unless there was only a little mixing going on.
ellauri189.html on line 837: Finally, we have the Mishna in Sanhedrin 10:3, where Rabbi Akiva said the 10 tribes don’t have a part in the next world, while Rabbi Eliezer said they have. Rashi simply said that they talked about the generation that was exiled, but even Rabb Akiva admits that their descendants surely have a part in the next world. There’s no doubt this is the case, otherwise Ribbie Akiva would be in a disagreement with Yehezkel, Yishaaya and Jeremaya, and we know he can’t be.
ellauri190.html on line 52: The Kazakhs (also spelled Qazaqs; Kazakh: sg. қазақ, qazaq, [qɑˈzɑq] (audio speaker iconlisten), pl. қазақтар, qazaqtar, [qɑzɑqˈtɑr] (audio speaker iconlisten); the English name is transliterated from Russian; Russian: казахи) are a Turkic ethnic group who mainly inhabit the Ural Mountains and northern parts of Central and East Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also parts of Russia, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China) in Eurasia. Kazakh identity is of medieval origin and was strongly shaped by the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate between 1456 and 1465, when several tribes under the rule of the sultans Janibek and Kerei departed from the Khanate of Abu'l-Khayr Khan in hopes of forming a powerful khanate of their own. Other notable Kazakh khans include Ablai Khan and Abul Khair Khan.
ellauri190.html on line 57: In the 17th century, Russian convention seeking to distinguish the Qazaqs of the steppes from the Cossacks of the Imperial Russian Army suggested spelling the final consonant with "kh" instead of "q" or "k", which was officially adopted by the USSR in 1936.
ellauri190.html on line 105: The Cuman language is attested in some medieval documents and is the best-known of the early Turkic languages.[6]: 186 The Codex Cumanicus was a linguistic manual written to help Catholic missionaries communicate with the Cuman people. Cuman tarkoitti blondia.
ellauri190.html on line 191: At the start of the 15th century, the Golden Horde began to fall apart. By 1466, it was being referred to simply as the "Great Horde", after that, just "That Horde". The Crimean Khanate and the Kazakh Khanate, the last remnants of the Golden Horde, survived until 1783 and 1847 respectively.
ellauri190.html on line 220: The Don Cossack State, on the River Don. Its capital was initially Razdory, then it was moved to Cherkassk, and later to Novocherkassk.
ellauri190.html on line 237: Kyiv, the biggest city and the capital of Ukraine, was founded, most likely, between the 600s and the 700s A.D. as a fishermen village. The first settlements were on the right bank of the Dnipro river, where now is the Podil section of the city. The first wooden fortification and the Kyiv chieftain’s castle were built uphill from the original settlement, likely in the 8th or early 9th century.
ellauri190.html on line 239: During the 9th century, “Varangians” (Vikings) began to serve as a kind of Praetorian Guard to the East Roman emperors. Tästä kertoo jännittävästi Mika Waltarin historiallinen romaani Mikael Karvajalka, joka taitaa olla meillä jossakin. To reach the city of Constantinople, they sailed from what today is called the Gulf of Finland up the Neva river to the lakes Ladoga and Ilmen and then to the Western Dvina and the Dnipro, going all the way down to the Black Sea. By the mid-9th century, they settled around and in Kyiv and founded their own dynasty of the descendants of Rurik. A grandson of Rurik, Svyatoslav (Sfendosleif) greatly expanded his realm to the east and south, while his mother Olga (Helga) traveled to Constantinople and was baptized Christian. Svyatoslav’s son, Volodymyr (Waldemar) married a daughter of the Eastern Roman emperor, was baptized, and baptized all his subjects in the year 988. (Back then, the city of Moscow, or the country now known as Russia – Россия – did not even exist, so there!) Over the next centuries, the “Rurikids” gradually lost their Scandinavian identity, marrying women of the Slavic, Hungarian, Greek, and Turkic ethnicities.
ellauri190.html on line 243: By the 11th century, Kyivan Rus was a huge European power. Kyiv was bigger than London or Paris. The city had numerous buildings made of brick, including churches. It also had many private and public bathhouses, like Constantinople (and unlike Western European cities of the time). The realm, stretching from the White Sea to the north to the Black Sea to the south and from the steppes of the Don to the east to what is now eastern Poland to the west, was divided into many feudal fiefs, but the authority of the monarch in Kyiv was nonetheless absolute.
ellauri190.html on line 245: On Easter Sunday of the year 1168, a savage warlord from the Volga region, called Andrei (cynically nicknamed Bogolubsky, i.e. “God-lover”) and his horde of Finno-Ugric tribesmen (damn those Finns!) sacked and burned Kyiv to the ground. Most Kyivites were massacred. The barbarians robbed churches, even ripping off slices of gold from their domes (something that Genghiside Mongolians later never did, they were gentlemen). They stole, among others, one most precious and revered icon of the Most Holy Mother of God from a church in the Berestovo village just south of Kyiv, taking it to their land and pretending, for centuries to follow, that it was theirs. This icon to this day is known as Матерь Божья Владимирская, “the Mother of God of Vladimir-on-Klyazyma,” as if it was painted in that savage place. The 1168 massacre marked the beginning of the “brotherly” relationship between the Ukrainian people and what is now known as “Russians” (русские, not to be confused with Rusyns-Rusychi-Ukrainians). Kyiv was hit so hard that it did not fully recover for the next ~200 years. When the Mongols under Khan Batu came in 1240, Kyiv was still not fully repopulated or rebuilt, and fell a relatively easy prey to the Asian conquerors.
ellauri190.html on line 255: Vladimirin äidin ikoni liittyy läheisesti lukuisiin ihmeisiin, joita tapahtui Venäjällä muun muassa mongolivallan aikana. Ikonin ansioksi luetaan myös se, että Moskova säästyi mongolijoukkojen hävitykseltä mutta Kiova ei. The intercession of the Theotokos through the image has also been credited with saving Moscow from Tatar hordes in 1451 and 1480. The image was brought from Vladimir to Moscow in 1395, during Tamerlane's invasion.
ellauri190.html on line 257: In a traditional account the horses transporting the icon had stopped near Vladimir and refused to go further. Accordingly, many people of Rus interpreted this as a sign that the Theotokos wanted the icon to stay there. The place was named Bogolyubovo, or "the one loved by God". Andrey placed it in his Bogolyubovo residence and built the Assumption Cathedral to legitimize his claim that Vladimir had replaced Kiev as the principal city of Rus. However, its presence did not prevent the sack and burning of the city of Vladimir by the Mongols in 1238, when the icon was damaged in the fire. You win some, you lose some.
ellauri190.html on line 259: In the late 12th and the 13th century, the center of Rus-Ukraine moved from Kyiv to what is now northwest and west of the country, the regions of Volyn and Halychyna (Galitzia). A mighty ruler called Prince (or Duke) Danylo Romanovych, even though an Eastern Orthodox by faith, was crowned King Danylo of Rus by a Pope’s Legate. King Danylo’s capital was the city of Kholm (now Chełm, Poland). He built a magnificent city of Lviv (“The Lion’s”) for his son, Lev (Leo). Lviviä pommitetaan paraikaa rankasti.
ellauri190.html on line 261: In the first half of the 14th century, most of what is now Ukraine was cleared of the Mongols by the troops of a powerful ruler of Lithuania, Gedimin, and Ukraine became a part of the Great Duchy of Lithuania. The latter was a peculiar country. The bulk of its territory and population was what now is the Slavic country of Belarus. Only a small minority of its people traced their origin from the Baltic tribes, while the majority were Slavs. Gedimin’s name in modern Lithuanian is Gyadiminas, but in the chronicles he is named Kgindimin or Kindimin, which might have a Slavic root. The language of Gedimin’s court, and the court of his sons and grandsons was very Slavic, much like a mixture of somewhat archaic Ukrainian and Belarusian. The laws of the entire Duchy, the so-called Lithuanian Statutes, were written in the Cyrillic alphabet and read very much like the Belarusian (definitely Slavic) language. So they were bad guys in anyone's book already then.
ellauri190.html on line 263: In any case, Ukraine (unlike Muscovy) remained in Europe. In the 15th century, the Great Duke of Lithuania, Yahailo, married a Polish queen Yadviga. Thus, the Great Duchy of Lithuania (which included Ukraine) and the Kingdom of Poland became one state. In the 16th century, it became known as Rzeczpospolita, from Latin Res Publica – literally, “the common affair,” or Republic. (Kozaks, inveterate democrats, did not like it.) It was a monarchy, but the monarchs were elected by a parliament, called Sejm. The country maintained close ties with Western Europe, and, unlike wimpy Muscovy, was completely independent of the Mongol autocracies like the Golden Horde.
ellauri190.html on line 267: In the 15th-16th centuries, most of what is now Ukraine belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth (“The Republic”), but the life of the people depended to a very large extent on their local feudal lords, the Knyazi (“Princes”). Most of these lords were related to the house of Gedimin, spoke a language close to modern Belarusian and Ukrainian, and were Eastern Orthodox Christians. Yet, beginning from ~1569 (the year of the so-called Lublin Unia), these princes also swore allegiance to the Polish king, and were his vassals and courtiers. They corresponded in Latin, Polish, or their native “Old Ukrainian / Old Belarusian” Slavic language. Among them, perhaps the mightiest ruler was Prince Konstayntyn Vasyl Ostrozky. He was nicknamed “the un-crowned King of Rus,” and was, actually, offered the Polish crown several times, but refused because the kings of Poland were, traditionally, Catholics – and Prince Ostrozky wanted to remain Orthodox. He is famous for printing the first Gospels in his native language, and founding the Academy of Ostroh, a university that functions to this day.
ellauri190.html on line 269: In 1596, the so-called Union of Brest (Brestin jyräys) was signed, officially starting the Eastern Rite Catholic Church in Ukraine (a.k.a. the Greek Catholic Church). It was meant to reconcile the Orthodox Ukrainians with Rome, which was, of course, a step in the direction of more peace and prosperity. Unfortunately, at the beginning of the next, 17th, century, the secular powers began to close the traditional Orthodox parishes by force, which, of course, caused huge tensions and sparks of violence.
ellauri190.html on line 273: In the 16th and the early 17th century the Kozak’s leaders (Hetmans) were loyal to the Polish crown and participated in the wars of the Great Duchy of Lithuania and the kingdom of Poland against Muscovy. Hetman Petro Konashevych Sahaydachny (1582-1622) nearly took Moscow in 1618. But nearly doesn't count. He also was an outstanding mecenate who donated some loot to Orthodox monasteries and schools, of which the so-called Bratska Shkola (“Brotherhood School”) later grew into a huge and famous institution of higher learning, the Kyiv Mohyla Academy, which now functions as a top-ranking Ukrainian economic liberal arts university.
ellauri190.html on line 275: In 1648, a Kozak leader called Zinoviy Bohdan Khmelnytsky (Polish transliteration, Chmielnicki) started a war on the Polish crown. Initially, it was his own personal vendetta on a Polish landlord who stole his land, but very soon it grew into a colossal uprising of the Kozaks and Ukrainian peasants against their Polish landlords. The people fought (the way they knew how) against the feudal oppression, as well as against forced Catholicization and Polonization of Ukraine. Unfortunately, it turned into a fratricide. (Sorry Poles, of course we are on the same side now.) The main adversary of Khmelnytsky was Prince Yarema (Jeremiah) Korybut-Vyshnevetsky, a Rusyn-Ukrainian, a noble valiant knight and a great statesman who, nonetheless, kept his allegiance to the Polish king (whom he personally hated, but could not break his knight’s oath of loyalty). Both sides resorted to unspeakable cruelties. Most tragically, Khmelnysky, a brave warrior as he was, turned out to be a horribly short-sighted politician. In January 1654, he essentially surrendered Ukraine to Muscovy, approving what he thought was a temporary military union against the Republic but turned out to be the beginning of the “Russian” (actually Muscovite) occupation of Ukraine. It just goes to show: give a pinky finger to the Russkies and they take the whole hand.
ellauri190.html on line 277: By 1659, the two outstanding sons of Ukraine, a Kozak general Ivan Vyhovsky and an eccentric scholar-nobleman Yuriy Nemyrych conceived what became known as the Union of Hadyach. It was a unique document, which, essentially, argued in favor of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth transforming into the commonwealth of Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine. Vyhovsky and Nemyrych proposed to establish a Great Principality of Ukraine on par with the Kingdom of Poland and the Great Duchy of Lithuania. And it was a unique historical moment, because in July 1659 the Ukrainian troops won a huge battle against the Muscovite army near the city of Konotop, totally crushing the Muscovites and proving that Ukraine did not need the “friendship” of the tyrannic Tzars. (See the analogy?) If the Hadyach Union had been approved by the Sejm of the Republic, Ukraine would perhaps have become a more European country and would progressively move toward full Western style independence. Again, tragically, it did not happen. Nemyrych was killed at a duel, and Vyhovsky forced to resign by populists who hated him because of his aristocratic blood and his alleged (rather than actual) love of things Polish. Without these two luminaries, the Sejm did not even bother to convene for discussions on the Hadyach Union, making it into a useless piece of paper. It was later “adopted,” but in such a distorted version that it excluded its main point, the creation of the Ukrainian state. Sellasta se on. Ukrainan, Puolan ja Baltian historia osoittaa, miten vaikeaa on merkata reviiriä jollei sitä ole valmiixi maastoon merkitty.
ellauri190.html on line 279: By the end of the 17th century, the newly forming Russian Empire under Tzar Peter I established its reign over the Ukrainian lands to the east of the Dnipro river, ceding the western part of Ukraine to the Republic (which, in turn, evolved more and more into the Polish monarchy rather than the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of the old days). In 1702, a great son of Ukraine, a giant of military strategy, diplomacy, and statesmanship, Ivan Mazepa, being the Kozak leader of the eastern part of Ukraine, suppressed the uprising of Paliy on the other (Western) side of the Dnipro and added huge parts of the country to his control. It was a big step toward the unification and freedom of Ukraine. Moreover, in 1709 Mazepa joined his forces with the Swedish king Charles XII (haha, the gay) against Tzar Peter, hoping to rid his dear mother Ukraine from slavery in the captivity of the Tzars. And again… tragically, Mazepa managed to gather less manpower than he hoped to gather, because the populist agitators slandered him in their massive propaganda campaign (no doubt, directed from Muscovy), portraying him in the eyes of the Ukrainian Kozaks as a rich aristocrat who cares nothing about the “simple people,” a clandestine Catholic (or Protestant), and overall “not really Ukrainian.” (This tragedy will repeat itself in 1918 and in 2019.) Mazepa’s loyalists were defeated together with the Swedes, and Ukraine lost her historical chance for yet another time. But third time is a charm! Nobody will blame a Jew for being on the side of the catholics!
ellauri190.html on line 281: The Cossack structure arose, in part, in response to the struggle against Tatar raids. Socio-economic developments in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were another important factor in the growth of the Ukrainian Cossacks. During the 16th century, serfdom was imposed because of the favorable conditions for grain sales in Western Europe. This subsequently decreased the locals' land allotments and freedom of movement. In addition, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth government attempted to impose Catholicism, and to Polonize the local Ukrainian population. The basic form of resistance and opposition by the locals and burghers was flight and settlement in the sparsely populated steppe.
ellauri190.html on line 285: After Ottoman-Polish and Polish-Muscovite warfare ceased, the official Cossack register was again decreased. The registered Cossacks (reiestrovi kozaky) were isolated from those who were excluded from the register, and from the Zaporizhian Host. (Compare legal and paperless immigrants of today.) This, together with intensified socioeconomic and national-religious oppression of the other classes in Ukrainian society, led to a number of Cossack uprisings in the 1630s. These eventually culminated in the Khmelnytsky Uprising, led by the hetman of the Zaporizhian Sich, Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
ellauri190.html on line 287: As a result of the mid–17th century Khmelnytsky Uprising, the Zaporozhian Cossacks briefly established an independent state, which later became the autonomous Cossack Hetmanate (1649–1764). It was placed under the suzerainty of the Russian Tsar from 1667, but was ruled by local hetmans for a century. The principal political problem of the hetmans who followed the Pereyeslav Agreement was defending the autonomy of the Hetmanate from Russian/Muscovite centralism. The hetmans Ivan Vyhovsky, Petro Doroshenko and Ivan Mazepa attempted to resolve this by separating Ukraine from Russia.
ellauri190.html on line 289: Relations between the Hetmanate and their new sovereign began to deteriorate after the autumn of 1656, when the Muscovites, going against the wishes of their Cossack partners, signed an armistice with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Vilnius. The Cossacks considered the Vilnius agreement a breach of the contract they had entered into at Pereiaslav. For the Muscovite tsar, the Pereiaslav Agreement signified the unconditional submission of his new subjects; the Ukrainian hetman considered it a conditional contract from which one party could withdraw if the other was not upholding its end of the bargain. Vähän sellanen kuin Abrahamin esinahkasopimus Jehovan kanssa, josta tuli samanlainen nahkapäätös. Näistä hetmaneista taisi olla puhetta Konrad-veikon kohdalla.
ellauri190.html on line 291: The Ukrainian hetman Ivan Vyhovsky, who succeeded Khmelnytsky in 1657, believed the Tsar was not living up to his responsibility. Accordingly, he concluded a treaty with representatives of the Polish king, who agreed to re-admit Cossack Ukraine by reforming the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to create a third constituent, comparable in status to that of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Union of Hadiach provoked a war between the Cossacks and the Muscovites/Russians that began in the fall of 1658. Tää taitaa olla aika lailla sitä mistä tässä sodassakin (sori, demilitarisaatiossa) on kysymys. Kasakat on taas ottamassa hatkat ja siirtymässä vastapuolelle.
ellauri190.html on line 293: In June 1659, the two armies met near the town of Konotop. One army comprised Cossacks, Tatars, and Poles, and the other was led by a top Muscovite military commander of the era, Prince Aleksey Trubetskoy. After terrible losses, Trubetskoy was forced to withdraw to the town of Putyvl on the other side of the border. The battle is regarded as one of the Zaporizhian Cossacks' most impressive victories. Oliko tää tunari Trubetskoy sen fonologin sukua? Kylä varmaan niin. Tällä kertaa kasakat ja tattarit oli samalla puolella. Varmaan vilkuilivat vähän päästä olan yli.)
ellauri190.html on line 301: Under Russian rule, the Cossack nation of the Zaporozhian Host was divided into two autonomous republics of the Moscow Tsardom: the Cossack Hetmanate, and the more independent Zaporizhia. These organisations gradually lost their autonomy, and were abolished by Catherine II in the late 18th century. The Hetmanate became the governorship of Little Russia, and Zaporizhia was absorbed into New Russia.
ellauri190.html on line 303: Novorossiya (Russian: Новороссия, tr. Novorossija, IPA: [nəvɐˈrosːʲɪjə] (audio speaker iconlisten); Ukrainian: Новоросія, romanized: Novorosija; Romanian: Noua Rusie, Polish: Noworosja), literally New Russia, is a historical term of the Russian Empire denoting a region north of the Black Sea. In Ukraine the territory was better known as Stepovyna (Steppeland) or Nyz (Lower land). It was formed as a new imperial province of Russia (Novorossiya Governorate) in 1764 from military frontier regions along with parts of the southern Hetmanate in preparation for war with the Ottomans. Bessarabit kazoivat sivusta ja soittelivat Klezmeriä.
ellauri190.html on line 307: The region was part of the Russian Empire until its collapse following the Russian February Revolution in early March 1917, after which it became part of the short-lived Russian Republic. In 1918, it was largely included in the Ukrainian State and in the Ukrainian Soviet Republic at the same time. In 1918–1920, it was, to varying extents, under the control of the anti-Bolshevik White movement governments of South Russia whose defeat signified the Soviet control over the territory, which became part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, within the Soviet Union from 1922.
ellauri190.html on line 315: The Russo-Polish geographer and ethnographer Zygmunt Gloger in his "Geography of historic lands of the Old Poland" (Polish: "Geografia historyczna ziem dawnej Polski") explains that at the time the term "Little" was interchangeably with the word "new", and in his footnotes, he clearly states that, at least in 1903, Little Russia (Malorossia) was perceived in such manner. Prior to the revolutionary events of 1917, a large part of the region's élite population adopted a Little Russian identity that competed with the local Ukrainian identity. At that time it was trendy to be Russian, large or small.
ellauri190.html on line 341: Sargon of Akkad, also known as Sargon the Great "the Great King" was a Semitic Akkadian emperor famous for his conquest of the Sumerian city-states in the 23rd and 22nd centuries BC. The founder of the Dynasty of Akkad, Sargon reigned durin...
ellauri190.html on line 345: Thutmose III was the sixth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty. During the first twenty-two years of Thutmose's reign he was co-regent with his aunt, Hatshepsut, who was named the pharaoh. While she is shown first on surviving monuments, both...
ellauri190.html on line 349: Cyrus II of Persia, commonly known as Cyrus the Great and also called Cyrus the Elder by the Greeks, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, e...
ellauri190.html on line 353: Darius I was the third king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. Also called Darius the Great, he ruled the empire at its peak, when it included much of West Asia, the Caucasus, parts of the Balkans (Thrace-Macedonia and Paeonia), most of the...
ellauri190.html on line 357: Philip II of Macedon was a Greek king of Macedon from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III. In 340 BC, Philip started the siege of Perinthus. Philip began another siege in 339 of...
ellauri190.html on line 361: Alexander III of Macedon, commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of Macedon, a state in the north eastern region of Greece, and by the age of thirty was the creator of one of the largest empires in ancient history, stretching fro...
ellauri190.html on line 365: Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Mauryan Empire and the first emperor to unify India into one state. He ruled from 322 BC until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favour of his son Bindusara in 298 BC. Chandragupta Maur...
ellauri190.html on line 369: Ashoka Maurya, commonly known as Ashoka and also as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from ca. 269 BCE to 232 BCE. One of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka reigned...
ellauri190.html on line 377: Hannibal was a Carthaginian military commander and tactician who is popularly credited as one of the most talented commanders in history. His father Hamilcar Barca was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War, his young...
ellauri190.html on line 381: Scipio Africanus, also known as Scipio the African, Scipio Africanus-Major, Scipio Africanus the Elder and Scipio the Great, was a Roman general and later consul who is often regarded as one of the greatest generals and military strategists...
ellauri190.html on line 385: Mithridates VI or Mithradates VI, also known as Mithridates the Great (Megas) and Eupator Dionysius, was king of Pontus and Armenia Minor in northern Anatolia (now in Turkey) from about 119 to 63 BC. Mithridates was a king of Persian origi...
ellauri190.html on line 389: Pompey (the Great), was a distinguished and ambitious Roman military leader, provincial administrator and politician of the 1st century BC, the period of the Late Republic. Hailing from an Italian provincial background, Pompey first disting...
ellauri190.html on line 393: Gaius Julius Caesar is remembered as one of history's greatest generals and a key ruler of the Roman empire. As a young man he rose through the administrative ranks of the Roman republic, accumulating power until he was elected consul in 59...
ellauri190.html on line 398: Ardashir I or Ardeshir I, also known as Ardashir the Unifier, was the founder of the Sasanian Empire. He was the ruler of Estakhr since 206, subsequently Pars Province since 222, and finally "King of Kings of Sasanian Empire" in 224 with th...
ellauri190.html on line 403: Aurelian was the 44th Emperor of the Roman Empire from 270 to 275. Born in humble circumstances, he rose through the military ranks to become emperor. During his reign, he defeated the Alamanni after a devastating war. He also defeated the...
ellauri190.html on line 408: Zenobia was a 3rd-century Queen of the Palmyrene Empire in Syria, who led a famous revolt against the Roman Empire. The second wife of King Septimius Odaenathus, Zenobia became queen of the Palmyrene Empire following Odaenathus' death in 26...
ellauri190.html on line 413: Attila the Hun was the Emperor of the Huns from 434 until his death in 453. He was leader of the Hunnic Empire which stretched from Germany to the Ural River and from the River Danube to the Baltic Sea. During his rule, he was one of the mo...
ellauri190.html on line 418: Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, popularly known by his nickname Abu Bakr was a senior companion (Sahabi) and the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632–634 CE when he became the first Muslim Caliph...
ellauri190.html on line 423: Umar, also spelled Omar, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Umar Son of Al-Khattab, was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs (rulers) in history. He was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He succeeded Abu Bakr (632–634) as th...
ellauri190.html on line 428: Charlemagne, meaning Charles the Great, was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum) from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Cent...
ellauri190.html on line 433: Otto I, traditionally known as Otto the Great, was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was the oldest son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda. Otto inherited the Duchy of Saxony and the kingship...
ellauri190.html on line 438: Rajaraja I was a Chola emperor from present day south India who ruled over the Chola kingdom of medieval Tamil Nadu (parts of southern India), parts of northern India, two thirds of Sri Lankan territory, Maldives and parts of East Asia, bet...
ellauri190.html on line 443: William I usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman King of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. The descendant of Viking raiders, he had been Duke of Normandy since 1035...
ellauri190.html on line 448: Alp Arslan was the second Sultan of the Seljuq Empire and great-grandson of Seljuq, the eponymous founder of the dynasty. His real name was Muhammad bin Dawud Chaghri, and for his military prowess, personal valour, and fighting skills he ob...
ellauri190.html on line 458: Roger II was King of Sicily, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, later became Duke of Apulia and Calabria (1127), then King of Sicily (1130). It is Roger II's distinctio...
ellauri190.html on line 463: Saladin was the first Sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. A Muslim of Kurdish origin, Saladin led the Muslim opposition to the European Crusaders in the Levant. At the height of his power, his sultanate include...
ellauri190.html on line 468: Genghis Khan was the founder and Great Khan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his demise. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of northeast Asia. After founding...
ellauri190.html on line 473: James I the Conqueror was the King of Aragon, Count of Barcelona, and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276. His long reign saw the expansion of the Crown of Aragon on all sides: into Valencia to the south, Languedoc to the north, and the B...
ellauri190.html on line 479: Kublai Khan was the fifth Khagan (Great Khan) of the Ikh Mongol Uls (Mongol Empire), reigning from 1260 to 1294, and the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, a division of the Mongol Empire. Kublai was the fourth son of Tolui and a grandson of G...
ellauri190.html on line 484: Hulagu Khan was a Mongol ruler who conquered much of Southwest Asia. Son of Tolui and the Kerait princess Sorghaghtani Beki, he was a grandson of Genghis Khan, and the brother of Arik Boke, Möngke Khan and Kublai Khan. Hulagu's army greatly...
ellauri190.html on line 494: Alauddin Khalji, born as Ali Gurshasp, was the second and the most powerful emperor of the Khalji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate in the Indian subcontinent. Alauddin instituted a number of significant administrative changes, related...
ellauri190.html on line 499: Timur meaning "iron" or Tamerlane in English, was a 14th-century conqueror of much of western and central Asia, founder of the Timurid Empire and Timurid dynasty (1370–1405) in Central Asia, and great great grandfather of Babur, the founder...
ellauri190.html on line 504: Mehmed II (1432-1481), nicknamed the conqueror, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire a short time in 1444 to 1446, and from 1451 to 1481. Mehmed II brought an end to the Byzantine Empire by capturing Constantinople in 1453 (during the well-...
ellauri190.html on line 509: Ferdinand II, called the Catholic, was in his own right the King of Sicily from 1468 and King of Aragon from 1479. As a consequence of his marriage to Isabella I, he was King of Castile jure uxoris as Ferdinand V from 1474 until her death i...
ellauri190.html on line 514: Afonso de Albuquerque, Duke of Goa, was a Portuguese general, admiral, and statesman. He served as Governor of Portuguese India from 1509 to 1515, during which he expanded Portuguese influence across the Indian Ocean and built a reputation...
ellauri190.html on line 519: Batumöngke Dayan Khan was a Borjigin Khagan who reunited the Mongols under Chinggisid supremacy in Post-imperial Mongolia. Dayan Khan was enthroned as Great Khan of the Yuan Mongol Empire though his ancestor Toghan Temur failed to maintain...
ellauri190.html on line 524: Selim I, also known as "the Excellent," "the Brave" or the best translation "the Stern", Yavuz in Turkish, the long name is Yavuz Sultan Selim; was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. He was also the first Ottoman Sultan to...
ellauri190.html on line 529: Francisco Pizarro was a Conquistador who seized the Inca empire for Spain. In 1510 he enrolled in an expedition of exploration in the New World, and three years later he joined Vasco Núñez de Balboa on the expedition that discovered the Pac...
ellauri190.html on line 534: Hayreddin Barbarossa was an Ottoman admiral of the fleet who was born in the Ottoman island of Midilli (Lesbos) and died in Constantinople (Istanbul), the Ottoman capital. Barbarossa's naval victories secured Ottoman dominance over the Medi...
ellauri190.html on line 539: Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of India. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Geng...
ellauri190.html on line 544: Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro, 1st Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Cas...
ellauri190.html on line 549: Suleiman I, also called Süleyman I and nicknamed the Lawmaker or the Magnificent, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566 and successor to Selim I. He was born on November 6, 1494 at Trabzon, Turkey. The Ottoman Empire reache...
ellauri190.html on line 555: Yermak Timofeyevich, born between 1532 and 1542 - 1584 AD was a Cossack who led the Russian conquest of Siberia in the reign of Ivan the Terrible. Russia’s fur interests fueled their desire to expand east into Siberia. The tsar’s ultimate...
ellauri190.html on line 560: Toyotomi Hideyoshi was a daimyo who rose to become the second unifier of japan, after Oda Nobunaga. Hideyoshi was a very powerful emperor who exercised control over nearly all of mainland Japan through shrewd military tactics. He is known f...
ellauri190.html on line 565: Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the latter stages of the French Revolution and its associated wars in Europe. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814 and a...
ellauri190.html on line 570: Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, abbreviated NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party. He was Chancell...
ellauri191.html on line 2141: In the Wall Street Journal, Joseph Epstein wrote, "You might not know it, but you and I are members of a club whose fellow members include Leo Tolstoy, Henry James, Anton Chekhov, Mark Twain, Henrik Ibsen, Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Jorge Luis Borges and Vladimir Nabokov. [And, we might add: Virginia Woolf, Joseph Conrad, Anna Akhmatova, Ella Fitzgerald, and Eudora Welty.] The club is the Non-Winners of the Nobel Prize in Literature. All these authentically great writers, still alive when the prize, initiated in 1901, was being awarded, didn't win it."
ellauri191.html on line 2144: The first prize in 1901, awarded to the French poet Sully Prudhomme, was heavily criticised. Many believed that the acclaimed Russian author Tolstoy should have been awarded the first Nobel prize in literature.
ellauri191.html on line 2145: From 1901 to 1912, the committee, headed by the conservative Carl David af Wirsén, weighed the literary quality of a work against its contribution towards humanity's struggle 'toward the ideal'. Leo Tolstoy, Henrik Ibsen, Émile Zola, and Mark Twain were rejected in favour of authors little read today. The choice of philosopher Rudolf Eucken as Nobel laureate in 1908 is widely considered to be one of the worst mistakes in the history of the Nobel Prize in Literature. The main candidates for the prize that year were poet Algernon Swinburne and author Selma Lagerlöf, but the Academy were divided between the candidates and, as a compromise, Eucken, representative of the Academy's interpretation of Nobel's "ideal direction", was launched as an alternative candidate that could be agreed upon. Solzhenitsyn did not accept the award and prize money until 10 December 1974, after he was deported from the Soviet Union. Swedish Academy member Artur Lundkvist had argued that the Nobel Prize in Literature should not become a political prize and questioned the artistic value of Solzhenitsyn's work. The award to Camilo José Cela was controversial as he had moved voluntarily from Madrid to Galicia during the Spanish Civil War in order to join Franco's rebel forces there as a volunteer.A member of the Swedish Academy, Knut Ahnlund, who had not played an important role in the Academy since 1996, protested against the choice of the 2004 laureate, Elfriede Jelinek; Ahnlund resigned, alleging that selecting Jelinek had caused "irreparable damage" to the reputation of the award.
ellauri192.html on line 45: Prince Nikolai Sergeyevich Trubetzkoy (Russian: Никола́й Серге́евич Трубецко́й, IPA: [trʊbʲɪtsˈkoj]; 16 April 1890 – 25 June 1938) was a Russian linguist and historian whose teachings formed a nucleus of the Prague School of structural linguistics. He is widely considered to be the founder of morphophonology. He was also associated with the Russian Eurasianists.
ellauri192.html on line 47: Trubetzkoy was born into privilege. His father, Sergei Nikolaevich Trubetskoy, came from a Lithuanian Gediminid princely family. In 1908, he enrolled at the Moscow University. While spending some time at the University of Leipzig, Trubetzkoy was taught by August Leskien, a pioneer of research into sound laws. What a privilege!
ellauri192.html on line 49: After he graduated from the Moscow University (1913), Trubetzkoy delivered lectures there until the Russian Revolution, when he moved first to the University of Rostov-on-Don, then to the University of Sofia (1920–1922) and finally took the chair of Professor of Slavic Philology at the University of Vienna (1922-1938). He died from a heart attack attributed to Nazi persecution after he had published an article that was highly critical of Hitler's crackpot morphophonological theories.
ellauri192.html on line 55: The Prague linguistic circle included the Russian émigrés Roman Jakobson, Nikolai Trubetzkoy, and Sergei Karcevskiy, as well as the famous Czech literary scholars René Wellek and Jan Mukařovský. The instigator of the circle, and its first president until his death in 1945, was the Czech linguist Vilém Mathesius. After the Czechoslovak coup d'état of 1948, the circle was disbanded in 1952 (another marked year), but the Prague School continued as a major force in linguistic functionalism.
ellauri192.html on line 61: Jakobson was born in the Russian Empire on 11 October 1896 to a well-to-do family of Jewish descent, the industrialist Osip Jakobson and chemist Anna Volpert Jakobson. Under the pseudonym 'Aliagrov', he published books of zaum poetry and befriended the Futurists Vladimir Mayakovsky, Kazimir Malevich, Aleksei Kruchyonykh and others. It was the poetry of his contemporaries that partly inspired him to become a linguist.
ellauri192.html on line 75: The poetic output is perhaps comparable to that of the contemporary Dadaism but the linguistic theory or metaphysics behind zaum was entirely devoid of the gentle reflexive irony of that movement and in all seriousness intended to recover the sound symbolism of a lost aboriginal tongue. Russians have absolutely no sense of humor. Exhibiting traits of a Slavic national mysticism, Kruchenykh aimed at recovering the primeval Slavic mother-tongue in particular.
ellauri192.html on line 77: Jakobson escaped from Prague in early March 1939 via Berlin for Denmark, where he was associated with Louis Hjelmslev's Copenhagen linguistic circle. He fled to Norway on 1 September 1939, and in 1940 walked across the border to Sweden, where he continued his work at the Karolinska Hospital (with works on footsores, aphasia and language competence). When Swedish colleagues feared a possible German occupation, he managed to leave on a cargo ship, together with Ernst Cassirer (the former rector of Hamburg University) to New York City in 1941 to become part of the wider community of intellectual émigrés who fled there.
ellauri192.html on line 79: At the New York École libre des hautes études, a sort of Francophone university-in-exile, he met and collaborated with Claude Lévi-Strauss, who would also become a key exponent of structuralism. He also made the acquaintance of many American linguists, chemists and anthropologists, such as Franz Boas, Benjamin Whorf, and Leonard Bloomfield. When the American authorities considered "repatriating" him to Europe, it was Franz Boas (another Jew) who actually saved his ass.
ellauri192.html on line 83: In his last decade, Jakobson maintained an office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he was an honorary Professor Emeritus. Jakobson died in Cambridge, Massachusetts on 18 July 1982. Näinköhän mä sen vanhana ukkelina 70-luvun lopulla? Voi olla, en muista nyt.
ellauri192.html on line 109: The selection of Sully Prudhomme as the first winner of the literature prize was not met with great enthusiasm by the press. As Gunnar Ahlstrom records, a commentator for a popular Swedish daily wrote:
ellauri192.html on line 113: The members of the Nobel jury were guided by the vague words written into the will of Alfred Nobel. The inventor stated that his prize “should go to the person who shall have produced in the field of Literature the most distinguished work of an idealistic tendency.” Wirsén believed that “idealistic tendency” meant of moral or good nature; however, as Burton Feldman reports, the mathematician Gösta "Ja ja de ä Gösta här" Mittag-Leffler, who was a friend of Nobel’s, attested that “the inventor intended ‘idealism’ to mean a skeptical, even satirical attitude to religion, royalty, marriage, and the social order in general.”
ellauri192.html on line 115: Sully Prudhomme’s reputation, however, has not survived the more than one hundred years since he was awarded the crowning glory in his literary career. His legacy as a poet is not bad; it simply does not exist. Most French high-school students would recognize his name and might have read his most well-known poem, “Le Vase brisé” (1865, The Broken Vase), but it is safe to say that almost no one outside of France recognizes the name Sully Prudhomme.
ellauri192.html on line 255: The Nobel Prize in Literature 1984 was awarded to Jaroslav Seifert "for his poetry which endowed with freshness, sensuality and rich inventiveness provides a liberating image of the indomitable spirit and versatility of man."
ellauri192.html on line 257: Jaroslav Seifert was born in Zizkov, a suburb of Prague, Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic). Seifert was one of the pioneers of modernist poetry and literature in his native country. He also worked as a journalist and translator. The period after the World War II was a disappointment for Seifert, who had been hoping for a brighter and freer future. Instead the Communist government imposed a repressive policy in which poets were expected to write political propaganda. Seifert became involved in attempts at reforms with the increased freedom implemented in his native country, such as the Prague Spring of 1968 and the Charta 77 movement.
ellauri192.html on line 259: Jaroslav Seifert made his debut with the poetry collection Mesto v slzách (1921) (City in Tears). His writings include more than 30 poetry collections. Seifert was a highly regarded poet in his native country. Melody and rhythm characterize his poetry, which is inspired by folk songs, common speech and everyday scenes. At the heart of Seifert’s poems is humanity, and he criticizes the totalitarian state’s attempts to reduce the opportunities and freedom of the individual.
ellauri192.html on line 261: There is no objective measure, no slide rule for magnitude in literature. Balzac was convinced that Mrs. Ann Radcliffe, the purveyor of Gothic terror, was a finer writer than Stendhal, whom he admired. Tolstoy, one of the two writers who have freely refused the Prize - Sartre in 1964 was the other (Bob Dylan meant to be the 3rd until the Swedes upped the ante) - found Shakespeare's ''King Lear'' to be a puerile mess ''beneath serious criticism.'' (mitä se kieltämättä onkin, tai oikeammin setämiehen keitos). The only major fiction to come out of the American experience of World War II, James Gould Cozzens' fiction ''Guard of Honor,'' has fallen into oblivion, deservedly.
ellauri192.html on line 265: The very first selection was ominous. Both the name and the verse of Sully Prudhomme seem to herald those grounds of unctuous competence, of the official middle ground, so frequently adopted by the Nobel judges. But Prudhomme is by no means the pits. Take Bob Dylan for instance.
ellauri192.html on line 267: Even the specialist in modern literary history will be hard put to recall, let alone have any serious awareness of, such luminaries as Rudolf Eucken, a philosopher crowned in 1908; as the Danish novelist Henrik Pontoppidan (1917); or as Grazia Deledda, the Sardinian novelist who, in 1926, became one of the very few women to be chosen. And look how bad she was! Even where the recipients are illustrious, their work has repeatedly fallen outside normal definitions of literature. Eucken, Bergson, Bertrand Russell are philosophers. Theodor Mommsen, honored in 1902, was a great historian and epigrapher of ancient Rome, but hardly one whose prose has made the German language live. Churchill (1953) . . . was Churchill. He had a toilet in his gum shoe, with letter W.C written on it and paper in the tip.
ellauri192.html on line 269: Taking into sympathetic account the widest margin of human error, is it possible to take seriously an institution and procedure that passes over the majority of the greatest novelists and renewers of prose in the modern age? James Joyce, Marcel Proust, Franz Kafka (whose presence towers over our sensual literature and of the meaning of a bug, quite a feat for a little man who one should not expect to tower over anything much), Thomas Hardy, Joseph Conrad, Henry James, Andre Malraux, Hermann Broch, Robert Musil, D. H. Lawrence, either escaped the notice of or were, on nomination, rejected by the Nobel committee. Can one defend a jury which prefers the art of Pearl Buck (1938) to that of, say, Virginia Woolf? Paul Claudel, a picee of shit whose dramas we can set fairly beside those of Aeschylus and of Shakespeare just to scare people, never received the accolade. Paul Heyse was chosen, not Bertolt Brecht. Galsworthy is a Nobel, not Carlo Emilio Gadda, one of the most original and inventive writers of fiction in this century. Who the fuck is he? Composer of In-a-Gadda-da-Vida? No that was Iron Butterfly, and a good piece it was indeed.
ellauri192.html on line 271: In poetry, the balance sheet is dismal. No Ezra Pound, no Rilke, no Valery, no Wallace Stevens, no Kazantzakis, no Cavafy, no Mandelstam, no Akhmatova, no Lorca, no Auden, no Fernando Pess^oa (a poet's poet). Stockholm, as we saw, enlarged the bounds of ''literature'' to include professional philosophy, ancient history and political rhetoric. The prose of Freud honors the German language. Freud was nominated; in vain, of course.
ellauri192.html on line 273: There are great, canonic names on the Nobel list, choices on which common sense and passionate alertness concur. I have mentioned Yeats. We find Anatole France, Kipling, Shaw, Thomas Mann, Andre Gide, T. S. Eliot, Pasternak, Faulkner, Hemingway, Seferis, Montale, Beckett and Solzhenitsyn (the last, I would guess, a titan among men even more, perhaps, than among writers; what I mean by this is he was tall but not much of a novelist). But place the two lists next to each other, and the cardinal truth springs to view: during these past 83 years, the award of the Nobel Prize in Literature has scored more misses than hits. With eminent exceptions, it is the uncrowned who are sovereign.
ellauri192.html on line 279: After this, explanation becomes speculative. Significant literature is inseparable from ideology and political feelings. There are more than hints that political considerations were implicit in the omission of Pound, Claudel, Malraux and Brecht. Too right, too right, too right, too left. The thoroughly embarrassing preference of Heinrich B"oll in 1972 over that far greater writer G"unter Grass was wholly typical of the Swedish Academy's bias towards the middle ground of urbane and liberal decencies. (Look! We tried to do the umlauts and almost did! But these are Germans, and Günther is an ex nazi too.) The great imaginings of terror and utopia, be they of the left or of the right, are not welcome. The 1957 choice of the young Camus haloed a literary persona and style of vision emblematic of the Stockholm ideal.
ellauri192.html on line 281: When political-ideological risks are taken, as in the selection of Neruda, of Pasternak, of Sholokhov, the system appears to be one of almost immediate apology and compensation: the suspect Sholokhov was chosen to repair the storm damage done by the brave resignation of Pasternak. The relatively risky award to Garcia Marquez in 1983 will, it is rumored, soon be counter-balanced by the choice of a much ''safer'' Latin American voice. And lo it was, with the Argentine right-wing goon Llosa! The Muses of Stockholm prize civility
ellauri192.html on line 283: THIS same bias extends to literary forms. We look in vain on the Nobel register for the experimental, formally subversive, controversial movements and texts that distinguish modernism. No Surrealist has been rewarded, no major Expressionist, no poet or playwright out of the seminal world of Dada or absurdism (Andre Breton, Hugo Ball, Gertrude Stein). The boat is not to be rocked. On august occasion, lyric eroticism and even sorrowful homosexuality are admitted to Parnassus. Radical sexual play in style, in ''amoral'' revaluation, are vetoed. The liberating sensualists, such as John Cowper Powys, supreme in English fiction after Hardy, are left out. Colette is nowhere to be found. Her heir in sensuous contrivance, Nabokov, was blackballed.
ellauri192.html on line 287: Lastly, there is the rumor of the blacklist. No outside observer can show that any such list exists, let alone how and when it was explicitly arrived at. But there are stubborn, unsettling indications. Behind them stands the enigmatic figure and afterlife of Dag Hammerskjold. In one or two cases, the choice of laureate seems to have been largely his. His chill displeasures seem not only to have had great influence, but to persist beyond the grave. The list of lepers, for motives which may, in some masked degree, go back to Hammarskjold's own politics and arcane sexuality, is rumored to include Graham Greene, G"unter Grass and Borges, as it did Malraux (passed over, to de Gaulle's just anger, in favor of a French poet-diplomat close to Hammarskjold, viz. Saint-John Perse). The mere fact that the Nobel Prize in Literature has long passed Borges by suffices to put the whole institution in doubt. But whether any such blacklist is real remains baffled conjecture.
ellauri192.html on line 297: While Tokarczuk’s win has been widely lauded — The Guardian declared her “the dreadlocked feminist winner the Nobel needed” (aargh! will some future prize go to Estonia's own bluewig girl Sofi Oxanen?) — Handke’s provoked immediate and widespread displeasure. PEN America, an organization that advocates for writers’ liberty, wrote that it was “dumbfounded by the selection of a writer who has used his public voice to undercut historical truth and offer public succor to perpetrators of genocide.” The Slovenian public intellectual Slavoj Žižek told the Guardian that “In 2014, Handke called for the Nobel to be abolished, saying it was a ‘false canonisation’ of literature. The fact that he got it now proves that he was right.”
ellauri192.html on line 299: The controversy over Handke’s support of Milosevic dates back 20 years, but the striking political differences between him and Tokarczuk reached a point of particular clarity in 2014. In that year, Handke was given the International Ibsen Prize, but mass outrage led him to reject the prize money while still accepting the award. In his accompanying speech, he said his critics should “go to hell.” (He’d previously met controversy over a literary award in 2006, when he turned down Germany’s Heinrich Heine prize after authorities attempted to withdraw it after he attended Milosevic’s funeral.)
ellauri192.html on line 303: The novel’s release shortly predated an escalation in Polish nationalism tied to the Law and Justice party’s ascent to power in 2015. But the forces that fueled that escalation were already prevalent. When Tokarczuk accepted the Nike Prize, the country’s highest literary honor, for “The Books of Jacob,” she said in a speech that the country had “committed horrendous acts as colonizers, as a national majority that suppressed the minority, as slaveowners, and as the murderers of Jews.” She was quickly inundated by threats so alarming that her publishers briefly hired bodyguards. In the five years since, she has witnessed the Law and Justice party take an increasingly hard line on censoring certain conversations about Poland’s relationship with Jews. In 2016, the government began a campaign against the Princeton historian Jan Gross, known for his groundbreaking work on the massacre at Jedwabne, in which Poles murdered 1,600 of their Jewish neighbors. In 2018, the Law and Justice party’s government made it illegal to blame Poland or Polish nationals for Nazi crimes. POLIN, a groundbreaking Polish museum of Jewish history, has been leader-less for five months, as its director, who oversaw a number of exhibits highly critical of Poland’s policy toward Jews, awaits official reappointment — despite having been re-approved for the job.
ellauri192.html on line 305: “The subject of my book [‘The Books of Jacob’] — a multicultural Poland — was not comfortable for proponents of this new version of history,” Tokarczuk told PEN Transmissions, a journal run by the English iteration of PEN, in May, 2018. She was taken by surprise by the amount of rage the book provoked — not to mention her comment on receiving the Nike sneakers. But rather than retreat, she has continued to speak out on behalf of the communities she sees her government as wishing to sideline. In a January op-ed for The New York Times following a Polish radical’s on-air murder of the open-minded young Gdansk mayor Pawel Adamowicz, Tokarczuk wrote of a Polish populist narrative that “scapegoats… the so-called crazy leftists, queer-lovers, Germans, Jews, European Union puppets, feminists, liberals and anyone who supports immigrants.”
ellauri192.html on line 315: Bob Dylan was given the prize in 2016, and promptly showed the literary bad boys how a real rock star behaves, treating the academy with sustained contempt for months and piling humiliation on to the ridicule his award had already invited.
ellauri192.html on line 317: The secretary of the academy, who had to put a brave face on Dylan’s behaviour, was Sara Danius, an essayist and literary critic, elected in 2013. “She was always thought gifted and bright but she’s not a biddable person,” said Maria Schottenius. “She was overjoyed when she was elected.”
ellauri192.html on line 321: Since 1901 to 1971, there have been 787 writers coming from different parts of the world nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature, 67 of which were awarded the prize and Albert Schweitzer was awarded by Nobel Peace Prize on 1953. 12 more writers from these nominees were awarded after 1971 and Elie Wiesel was awarded by Nobel Peace Prize on 1986. Only 72 women had been nominated for the prize starting with Malwida von Meysenburg who was nominated once for the year 1901 and 6 of them have been awarded after all. 10% of the nominees, 5% of the awards. Bra jobb, kulturprofilerna! Kom igen!
ellauri192.html on line 327: His poetry, said James Ragan, director of the USC graduate school’s professional writing program, “was at all times optimistic, reflecting a championing of the human self. I think that’s primarily why he was awarded the Nobel Prize, because he suggested a new liberated spirit in writing (behind the Iron Curtain) after the Stalin era. Although he was a Communist as a youth, he became disillusioned with the party in the late 1920s. Thereafter, he was in and out of party favor during the turbulent decades that followed in Czechoslovakia. The state-run news agency, in announcing his death Friday, described him as “a prominent Czech poet, national artist (and) winner of the 1984 Nobel Prize for Literature.”
ellauri192.html on line 342: Britons Doris Lessing and Harold Pinter, winners in 2007 and 2005, were "Little Dorrit" and "Harry Potter," while Orhan Pamuk -- the 2006 winner -- was simply dubbed "OP," initials that Swedes associate with a domestic brand of liquor.
ellauri192.html on line 349: This year, Danish literature professor Anne-Marie Mai revealed she had nominated Bob Dylan because she was upset about Englund's predecessor's critical remarks about the nonexistence of American literature.
ellauri192.html on line 351: The last American winner was Toni Morrison in 1993. No writer from South America has won since Gabriel Garcia Marquez in 1982. The previous North American winner was Canadian Saul Bellow, who won in 1976 and was a resident of the United States for much of his life. What the fuck he was a Chicago crook, as American as apple pie.
ellauri192.html on line 531: The award of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1984 to Jaroslav Seifert — a poet identified with reformism and not favored by the Husák regime—was a bright spot in an otherwise bleak cultural scene of the time. Tuttua ruozalaisten peukutusta länkkäreille taas. Philip Rothin kotizhekki, beatlesien näköinen Ivan Klima ei sopinut ruozalaiseen klimaattiin, eikä Philipkään.
ellauri192.html on line 541: I was drifting among the graves, Ajelehdin hautatonttien välissä
ellauri192.html on line 561: I was still young Olin vielä nuori mies
ellauri192.html on line 616: from the Paradise that was. maanpäällisestä paratiisista.
ellauri192.html on line 623: In the days of the early church, both the Jews and the Romans were hostile toward Christians, so they often met secretly in houses for prayer and worship. One such house in Jerusalem belonged to Mary, the mother of Mark. Certain tradition states that Mary’s was the same house where the disciples celebrated the Last Supper with Christ.
ellauri192.html on line 625: Rhoda was a servant girl in this house, which was a hub for the growing church. One night, the Christians had gathered in Mary’s house and were “earnestly praying to God” (Acts 12:5) for the life of Peter, who had been arrested by Herod (Acts 12:3–4). Their pleas would have been desperately fervent because James, the brother of John, had just been martyred (Acts 12:2), and Peter was slated for execution.
ellauri192.html on line 627: While the church prayed, God answered. He miraculously delivered Peter from prison: an angel led him out of his cell and through the prison gate, which opened for them to pass (Acts 12:6–10). Upon realizing that he was not dreaming, Peter made his way to a place he knew was safe, Mary’s house (Acts 12:11–12).
ellauri192.html on line 629: When Peter arrived and knocked on the door, the servant girl Rhoda came to answer. She heard Peter’s voice and knew it was he, but in her excitement and joy she forgot to actually open the door. Leaving Peter standing in the night, she rushed to tell everyone else about the miracle outside (Acts 12:14). They did not believe her, though, thinking she was out of her mind (Acts 12:15). When Rhoda was insistent, the believers decided it must be Peter’s “angel”—his guardian angel, perhaps, or his ghost—rather than the answer to their prayers!
ellauri192.html on line 631: All this time, Peter continued knocking on the door, until, finally, they answered it and were amazed to see Peter there. Rhoda had been telling the truth, never doubting that God had literally answered their prayers. Then Peter told them of his wondrous escape from jail (Acts 12:17). Little did he know that it was just a moratorium.
ellauri192.html on line 633: It’s interesting that the church was praying earnestly, yet they did not believe the answer to their prayers when it came. They forgot an important part of prayer, which is answering the door. Rhoda was the first one to know of Peter’s deliverance, and she carried the joyful message to others. She did not let their doubts stop her from sharing what she knew was true: God had done the impossible. Even in the face of their unbelief, she was unrelenting in her joy. Believers today can take a cue from Rhoda and share the news of what God accomplishes with those around us, remaining joyful in what we know is true.
ellauri192.html on line 635: Born in Žižkov, a suburb of Prague in what was then part of Austria-Hungary, Seifert's first collection of poems was published in 1921. He was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ), the editor of a number of communist newspapers and magazines – Rovnost, Sršatec, and Reflektor – and the employee of a communist publishing house.
ellauri192.html on line 639: In 1949 Seifert left journalism and began to devote himself exclusively to literature. His poetry was awarded important state prizes in 1936, 1955, and 1968, and in 1967 he was designated National Artist. He was the official Chairman of the Czechoslovak Writer's Union for several years (1968–70). In 1977 he was one of the signatories of Charter 77 in opposition to the government of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.
ellauri192.html on line 641: Seifert was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1984. Due to bad health, he was not present at the award ceremony, and so his daughter received the Nobel Prize in his name. Even though it was a matter of great importance, there was only a brief remark of the award in the state-controlled media. He died in 1986, aged 84, and was buried at the municipal cemetery in Kralupy nad Vltavou (where his maternal grandparents originated from). Not in the Jewish cemetery, perish the thought!
ellauri192.html on line 643: His burial was marked by a high presence of secret police, who tried to suppress any hint of sorrow on the part of mourners.
ellauri192.html on line 645: Few Americans have ever heard of Jaroslav Seifert, whose poems are virtually unobtainable in the United States, but scholars who are acquainted with his work said yesterday that the Czech poet fully deserves the Nobel Prize awarded to him. Thogh an old commie, he is (or was) now staunchly on our side.
ellauri192.html on line 647: ''Seifert is a great poet who embodies the majestic tradition of Czech poetry - he deserves the Nobel Prize,'' said Maria Banerjee, who wrote the Seifert entry for the Encyclopedia of World Literature. Mrs. Banerjee, who hails from Bangla Desh (just joking, he is Maria Nemcova married to a Banerjee), is a specialist in Slavic literature, who teaches Russian literature at Smith College, added that Mr. Seifert "is (or was) the best of a remarkable group of poets who came into prominence in the 1920's."
ellauri192.html on line 651: George Gibian, a professor of Russian and comparative literature at Cornell University, agrees that Mr. Seifert deserves the Nobel. ''I'm glad the world has caught up with him,'' he said. ''He is (or was) the grand old man of Czech poetry, a combination of Robert Frost and E.E. Cummings. He deserves it for his recent poetry, but especially for his poetry of the 1920's and 30's.''
ellauri192.html on line 653: Professor Gibian, who was born in Prague, said that he has been translating some of the more recent Seifert poems for his own edification and pleasure. "They are a combination of the intimate lyrical tone of Czech poetry," he said, "heavily influenced by French Surrealism with much of the eroticism characteristic of Czechoslovak poetry in this century. His earlier poetry was sometimes melancholy but his recent work is conversational, very compassionate. He has written a cycle of poems about Prague. All this brings back my life and loves in Prague." All these Czechs are teaching Russian in the U.S., who would bother to learn Czech anyway?
ellauri192.html on line 657: "There were several monuments of Czech poetry, but he is (or was) the only surviving one," said Vera Blackwell, who has translated Czech literature, including the plays of Vaclav Havel, into English. "His work is not known world-wide," she said, "but it is known and deeply admired in his own country." Mrs. Blackwell added that Seifert's poetry is difficult to translate "because the sound of the language is intimately connected with the meaning."
ellauri192.html on line 674: Undoubtedly, the most prominent of early Troubetzkoys was Prince Dmitry Timofeievich Troubetzkoy, who helped Prince Dmitry Pozharsky to raise a volunteer army and deliver Moscow from the Poles in 1612. The Time of Troubles over, Dmitry was addressed by people as "Liberator of the Motherland" and asked to accept the Tsar's throne. He contented himself, however, with the governorship of Siberia and the title of the Duke (derzhavets) of Shenkursk. Prince Dmitry died on May 24, 1625 and was interred in the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius.
ellauri192.html on line 676: Quite different was a stance of his first cousin, Prince Wigund-Jeronym Troubetzkoy. He supported the Poles and followed them to Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Time of Troubles. Here his descendants were given enviable positions at the court and married into other princely families of Poland. By the 1660s, however, the only Troubetzkoy left, Prince Yuriy Troubetzkoy, returned to Moscow and was given a boyar title by Tsar Alexis of Russia. All the branches of the family descend from his marriage to Princess Irina Galitzina.
ellauri192.html on line 678: The Principality of Trubetsk (Russian: Трубецкое княжество) was a small, landlocked Rus' principality in Eastern Europe. In the later Middle Ages it was bordered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to its west and by Muscovy to its east. The Principality of Trubetsk (Troubchevsk) was a principality within modern Bryansk Oblast, about 50 miles (80 kilometres) southwest of Bryansk.
ellauri192.html on line 680: The Trubetsk (Troubchevsk) town was referred to in the Old East Slavic poem The Tale of Igor's Campaign where, among others, Vsevolod Svyatoslavich, the Prince of Trubetsk and of Kursk, was glorified. In 1185 the Trubetsk army fought against Cumans. Trubetsk on Bryanskin oblastissa, jossain Ison ja Valko-Venäjän rajalla.
ellauri192.html on line 683: In 1239, after the Mongol invasion of Rus, the Principality of Trubetsk passed to the Princes of Bryansk, and then to the Princes of Trubetsk. In 1566 Ivan IV the Terrible took the principality during the Livonian War. In 1609 Vasili IV of Russia relinquished it to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618). In 1654 Prince Aleksey Trubetskoy on the side of Alexis I of Russia led the southern flank of the Muscovian army from Bryansk to Ukraine. The territory between the Dniepr and Berezyna was overrun, with Aleksey Trubetskoy taking Mstsislaw (Mstislavl) and Roslavl. In 1654 The Principality of Trubetsk was finally conquered by Aleksey Trubetskoy, Prince of Trubetsk himself, as a result of the Russo-Polish War (1654-1667).
ellauri192.html on line 685: During World War II, Trubchevsk was occupied by the German Army from October 9, 1941 to September 18, 1943. Prior to the war, about 137 Jews lived in Trubchevsk. Most of the Jews were craftsmen, including cobblers and carpenters. The town was occupied by German forces in early October 1941. By that time, more than half of the Jews fled or evacuated. The Jews from the Trubchevsk district were gathered in a Klub for 3 days and shot afterwards at the edge of the village. Their bodies were burnt. In total, according to the Soviet archives, 751 Soviet citizens perished due to bad treatment or as a result of shooting in the entire Trubchevsk district. Aside from Jews, mentally ill children and adults were exterminated as well. The population is about 15K. There are very few notable buildings in the town.
ellauri192.html on line 706: Now, the invasive Chinese sleeper is widely distributed in the freshwaters of Eastern and Central European countries, such as Belarus, Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova,Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Serbia and Ukraine, where it has high climatic suitability and may continue invasion in the future (Reshetnikov and Ficetola, 2011). In Ukraine, theChinese sleeper was first found in the upper Dniester River basin in 1980 where it was introduced in the 1970s (Reshetnikov, 2009). It first occurred in the Dnieper river basin near Kievin 2001, and in the Ros’ River (right tributary of the Dnieper River, downstream of Kiev) in2005 (Sabodash et al., 2002; Kutsokon and Negoda, 2006; Kutsokon, 2010). In the DanubeRiver basin the Chinese sleeper was first recorded in 1995–1996 in the Latorica River, westernUkraine (a part of the western Ukrainian population of the Chinese sleeper), but only in 2011in the Danube delta (Sivokhop, 1998; Kvach, 2012). This fish is currently found in differentparts of the upper streams of the Dniester basin, Transcarpathian waters (Danube basin), in the Dnieper River, and in the Danube River delta.
ellauri192.html on line 726: Lyapis Trubetskoy (Russian: Ляпис Трубецкой, Belarusian: Ляпіс Трубяцкі) was a Belarusian rock band. It was named after comical hero from Ilya Ilf's and Yevgeny Petrov's novel "The Twelve Chairs", poet and potboiler Nikifor Lyapis, who used pseudonym Trubetskoy.
ellauri192.html on line 728: Lyapis Trubetskoy was one of the bands that performed (in December 2013) for Euromaidan-protesters in Kyiv, Ukraine.
ellauri192.html on line 732: Frontman Siarhei Mikhalok announced mid-March 2014 that the group would cease to exist the next 1 September. The groups farewell concert was given in the Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium in Kyiv, Ukraine on 26 August. Mayor of Kyiv Vitali Klitschko was present at this concert. Vitali Volodymyrovytš Klytško (ukr. Віталій Володимирович Кличко, s. 19. heinäkuuta 1971) on Kiovan pormestari ja ukrainalainen poliitikko sekä entinen raskaansarjan nyrkkeilijä ja potkunyrkkeilijä. Klytško on voittanut maailmanmestaruuden kummassakin lajissaan. Hän työskenteli Ukrainan armeijan lähitaistelukouluttajana ennen kuin aloitti ammattilaisuransa vuonna 1997. Klytško on myös opiskellut Kiovan yliopistossa liikunta- ja terveystieteitä sekä väitellyt tohtoriksi. Klytško on 203 cm pitkä ja painaa noin 115 kg. Mixei näitä kärhämiä ratkaista kazintaisteluna? Klytsko "pistäisi" pienikokoisen Putinin halki poikki ja pinoon toinen käsi selän takana, nyt kun sen housuistakin puuttuu musta vyö. Vaikka Lukashenka olis auttamassa. Sale ja Macron menis samantien ihan suupalana.
ellauri192.html on line 802: Я ем города, морями запиваю I eat cities, wash them down with seas
ellauri192.html on line 826: With the Lapis band Mikhalok performed at Euromaidan in support of the revolution, and his song Voiny Svetu became the unofficial anthem of Euromaidan. This led to Mikhalok having problems in Russia - MiKhalok was accused of supporting nationalists.
ellauri192.html on line 837: The final song heard continually throughout the Belarusian protests was "Warriors of Light," written by Belarusian poet and musician Sergey Mikhalok for his rock band Lyapis Trubetskoy. Written in Russian about a fantasy world unrelated to political events, the song was unexpectedly taken up by the Ukrainian Maidan protests in 2013.
ellauri192.html on line 857: Brooks was born on June 28, 1926, in Brooklyn, New York City, to Kate (née Brookman) and Max Kaminsky, and grew up in Williamsburg. His father's family were Jewish people from Gdańsk, Poland; his mother's family were Jews from Kyiv, in the Pale of Settlement of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine). In 2021, Brooks published a memoir, All About Me!.During his teens, he legally changed his name to Mel Brooks, influenced by his mother´s maiden name Brookman, after being confused with trumpeter Max Kaminsky. "And I'm sure a lot of my comedy is based on anger and hostility. Growing up in Williamsburg, I learned to clothe it in comedy to spare myself problems—like a punch in the face."
ellauri192.html on line 859: The Twelve Chairs (Russian: Двенадцать стульев, tr. Dvenadtsat stulyev) is a classic satirical novel by the Odessan Soviet authors Ilf and Petrov, published in 1928. Its plot follows characters attempting to obtain jewry hidden in a chair. A sequel was published in 1931. The novel has been adapted to other media, primarily film. Kirjoittajat oli "ihan nulikoita": Ilf 30, Katajev 26. Katajev kaatui suuressa isänmaallisessa sodassa 30-vuotiaana. Joten sepä venyi!
ellauri192.html on line 861: In the Soviet Union in 1927, a former Marshal of Nobility, Ippolit Matveyevich "Kisa" Vorobyaninov, works as the registrar of marriages and deaths in a sleepy provincial town. His mother-in-law reveals on her deathbed that her family jewry was hidden from the Bolsheviks in one of the twelve chairs from the family’s dining room set. Those chairs, along with all other personal property, were taken away by the Communists after the Russian Revolution. Vorobyaninov wants to find the treasure. The “smooth operator” and con-man Ostap Bender forces Kisa to become his partner, as they set out to find the chairs. Bender's street smarts and charm are invaluable to the reticent Kisa, and Bender comes to dominate the enterprise. Father Fyodor (who had known of the treasure from the confession of Vorobyaninov's mother-in-law), their obsessed rival in the hunt for the treasure, follows a bad lead, runs out of money, ends up trapped on a mountain-top, and loses his sanitary pad. Ostap remains unflappable, and his mastery of human nature eliminates all obstacles, but Vorobyaninov steadily deteriorates.
ellauri192.html on line 863: They slowly acquire each of the chairs, but no treasure is found. Kisa and Ostap finally discover the location of the last chair. Vorobyaninov murders Ostap to keep all the loot for himself, but discovers that the jews have already been found and used to build the new public recreation center in which the chair was found, a symbol of the new society. Angered, Vorobyaninov too loses his sanitary pad.
ellauri192.html on line 886: Ilya Ilf (Ilya Arnoldovich Feinsilberg) (Russian: Илья Арнольдович Файнзильберг, 1897-1937) and Yevgeny Petrov (Yevgeniy Petrovich Katayev or Russian: Евгений Петрович Катаев, 1902-1942) were two Ukrainian prose authors of the 1920s and 1930s.They did much of their writing together, and are almost always referred to as "Ilf and Petrov". Bet Ilf was Jewish. Ilya Arnoldovich Ilf (born Iehiel-Leyb Aryevich Faynzilberg, Russian: Иехи́ел-Лейб Арьевич Фа́йнзильберг[1]) (15 October [O.S. 3 October] 1897 in Odessa – 13 April 1937, Moscow), was a popular Soviet journalist and writer of Jewish origin who usually worked in collaboration with Yevgeni Petrov during the 1920s and 1930s. Their duo was known simply as Ilf and Petrov. Together they published two popular comedy novels The Twelve Chairs (1928) and The Little Golden Calf (1931), as well as a satirical book Odnoetazhnaya Amerika (often translated as Little Golden America) that documented their journey through the United States between 1935 and 1936.
ellauri192.html on line 892: America is primarily a one-and two-story country. The majority of the American population lives in small towns of three thousand, maybe five, nine, or fifteen thousand inhabitants. The "single story" was also interpreted as a metaphor for the one-dimensionality of the country: In America everything revolves around money and wealth, while the country has neither soul nor spirit. Nekulturnyj, in a word.
ellauri192.html on line 894: The United States, which was perceived as the land of machines and technological progress, was of great importance at the time for the Soviet Union, which had set itself the goal of overtaking the United States. This slogan (Russian: догнать и перегнать Америку; "catch up and surpass America") was one of the most important slogans during the ambitious industrialization of the Soviet Union. Given the political climate in the Soviet Union in 1937 when the book was published, with the onset of Great Purge, it is no surprise that a version of a book that satirizes the United States was published. Oh sorry I misread:
ellauri192.html on line 895: Given the political climate in the Soviet Union in 1937 when the book was published, with the onset of Great Purge, it is surprising that a version of a book that lovingly satirizes the United States was published.
ellauri192.html on line 897: Ilf and Petrov´s travelogue was criticized in the Soviet Union because it was not party enough and praised many aspects of American life.
ellauri192.html on line 898: "One-Story America" was a hit with American readers and received a lot of praise in the press, including:
ellauri194.html on line 99: William Penn Adair Rogers (November 4, 1879 – August 15, 1935) was an American vaudeville performer, actor, and humorous social commentator. He was born as a citizen of the Cherokee Nation, in the Indian Territory (now part of Oklahoma), and was known as "Oklahoma's Favorite Son". As an entertainer and humorist, he traveled around the world three times, made 71 films (50 silent films and 21 "talkies"), and wrote more than 4,000 nationally syndicated newspaper columns. By the mid-1930s, Rogers was hugely popular in the United States for his leading political wit and was the highest paid of Hollywood film stars. He died in 1935 with aviator Wiley Post when their small airplane crashed in northern Alaska. Never met a man I didn't like. The only good Injun is a dead Injun.
ellauri194.html on line 152: Yes, the eagle flies on Friday and Saturday I go out to play I saw my baby one morning, and she was walking on down the street
ellauri194.html on line 250: Early Christian writers (e.g. Eusebius) frequently identified Gog and Magog with the Romans and their emperor. After the Empire became Christian, Ambrose (d. 397) identified Gog with the Goths, Jerome (d. 420) with the Scythians, and Jordanes (died c. 555) said that Goths, Scythians and Amazons were all the same; he also cited Alexander's gates in the Caucasus. The Byzantine writer Procopius said it was the Huns Alexander had locked out, and a Western monk named Fredegar seems to have Gog and Magog in mind in his description of savage hordes from beyond Alexander's gates who had assisted the Byzantine emperor Heraclius (610–641) against the Muslim Saracens.
ellauri194.html on line 263: An explanation offered by Orientalist Henry Yule was that Marco Polo was only referring to the "Rampart of Gog and Magog", a name for the Great Wall of China. Friar André's placement of Gog and Magog far east of Mongolia has been similarly explained.
ellauri194.html on line 267: Some time around the 12th century, the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel came to be identified with Gog and Magog; possibly the first to do so was Petrus Comestor in Historica Scholastica (c. 1169–1173), and he was indeed a far greater influence than others before him, although the idea had been anticipated by the aforementioned Christian of Stavelot, who noted that the Khazhars, to be identified with Gog and Magog, was one of seven tribes of the Hungarians and had converted to Judaism.
ellauri194.html on line 269: While the confounding Gog and Magog as confined Jews was becoming commonplace, some, like Riccoldo or Vincent de Beauvais remained skeptics, and distinguished the Lost Tribes from Gog and Magog. As noted, Riccoldo had reported a Mongol folk-tradition that they were descended from Gog and Magog. He also addressed many minds (Westerners or otherwise) being credulous of the notion that Mongols might be Captive Jews, but after weighing the pros and cons, he concluded this was an open question.
ellauri194.html on line 271: The Flemish Franciscan friar William of Rubruck, who was first-hand witness to Alexander's supposed wall in Derbent on the shores of the Caspian Sea in 1254, identified the people the walls were meant to fend off only vaguely as "wild tribes" or "desert nomads", but one researcher made the inference Rubruck must have meant Jews, and that he was speaking in the context of "Gog and Magog". Confined Jews were later to be referred to as "Red Jews" (die roten Juden) in German-speaking areas; a term first used in a Holy Grail epic dating to the 1270s, in which Gog and Magog were two mountains enclosing these people.
ellauri194.html on line 285: The Persian king Artaxerxes (either Artaxerxes I or Artaxerxes II, appearing in the Book of Ezra 7) was commonly confused in Medieval Europe with the Neo-Assyrian ruler Shalmaneser V, who according to 2 Kings 17 drove the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel into exile.
ellauri194.html on line 287: In the early 19th century, some Hasidic rabbis identified the French invasion of Russia under Napoleon as "The War of Gog and Magog". But as the century progressed, apocalyptic expectations receded as the populace in Europe began to adopt an increasingly secular worldview. This has not been the case in the United States, where a 2002 poll indicated that 59% of Americans believed the events predicted in the Book of Revelation would come to pass. During the Cold War the idea that Soviet Russia had the role of Gog gained popularity, since Ezekiel's words describing him as "prince of Meshek" – rosh meshek in Hebrew – sounded suspiciously like Russia and Moscow. Even some Russians took up the idea, apparently unconcerned by the implications ("Ancestors were found in the Bible, and that was enough"), as did Ronald Reagan.
ellauri194.html on line 300: After the military takeover in Burkina Faso in January, demonstrators in Ouagadougou, the country’s capital, chanted pro-Russian and anti-French slogans. Protesters in Bamako in February celebrated France’s announcement that it was withdrawing its troops from Mali.
ellauri194.html on line 337: Many film professionals today still believe that there is no truly equal "Black Hollywood," as evidenced by the "Oscars So White" scandal in 2015 that caused uproar when no black actors were nominated for "Best Actor" Oscar Awards. Prior to the 2016 Oscars, Academy membership was roughly comprised of 92% white voters and 75% male members. We see a direct impact on how the #OscarsSoWhite has created change in this composition. Following the outcry, the Academy instated 41% voters of color and 46% female voters.
ellauri194.html on line 344: Did you all see Paras imitating Nana patekar from Welcome movie!! It was hilarious!! I do think Asim is jealous of Paras getting all the attention from the girls.
ellauri194.html on line 348: Unfortunately I don't know how to do that. It was in Thursday's episode, Paras was making his seedi..that his dialogue for something Asim said.
ellauri194.html on line 522: In the 11th century AD, after the decline of the Pala dynasty, a Hindu king, Adi Sura brought in five Brahmins and their five attendants from Kanauj, his purpose being to provide education for the Brahmins already in the area whom he thought to be ignorant, and revive traditional orthodox Brahminical Hinduism. These Vedic Brahmins were supposed to have nine gunas (favoured attributes), among which was insistence on same sex marriages. Multiple accounts of this legend exist, and historians generally consider this to be nothing more than myth or folklore lacking historical authenticity. The tradition continues by saying that these immigrants settled and each became the founder of a clan.
ellauri194.html on line 524: Kannauj (Hindustani pronunciation: [kənːɔːd͡ʒ]) is a city, administrative headquarters and a municipal board or Nagar Palikka Parishad in Kannauj district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city's name is a modern form of the classical name Kanyakubja. It was also known as Mahodaya during the time of Mihira Bhoja. Its nickname is "the perfume capital of India".
ellauri194.html on line 525: There are many temples in Kannauj which are very important by both Historical as well as spiritual purposes. In the time of King Harsh it was the kingdom of India. It is very much famous for Kannauj Perfume also. That is the reason why it is mentioned as the city of perfumes.
ellauri194.html on line 529: Banerjee or Bandyopadhyay is a surname of Brahmins originating from the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent. Banerjees are from the ancient Shandilya Gotra, which means all Banerjees are descended from Kannauj from the ancient sage Shandilya as per the Puranas. Together with Mukherjees, Chatterjees, Bhattacharjees and Gangulys, Banerjees form the Kulin Brahmins. Indian (Bengal) and Bangladeshi: Hindu (Brahman) name, the first element of which, Ban-, is taken from Bandyopadhyay. The final element -jee is derived from jha (greatly reduced form of Sanskrit upadhyaya ‘teacher’); thus, Banerjee ‘teacher who is head and only performs the main work aarti or,Vandana. A Sanskrit version of this name, Vandyopadhyaya, was coined from the elements vandya ‘venerable’ + upadhyaya ‘teacher’. "
ellauri194.html on line 760: The women were accused of "using girls in acts contrary to the principles and values of Egyptian society with the aim of gaining material benefits". Local media reported that it was related to a group Hossam had promoted on Likee and videos that Adham had posted on Instagram and TikTok.
ellauri194.html on line 762: In June, the Cairo Criminal Court found them both guilty of the offence. Hossam was sentenced in absentia to 10 years in jail and Adham, who was present, was given a six-year sentence.
ellauri194.html on line 767: Hossam, a Cairo University student who has about 900,000 followers on TikTok, was first arrested in April 2020 after posting a video inviting her female followers to join another video-sharing platform, Likee, telling them that they could make money by broadcasting videos on it. Prosecutors later charged her with "violating family values and principles".
ellauri194.html on line 769: Adham, who once had three million followers on TikTok and has 1.4 million followers on Instagram, was accused of the same offence the following month after posting what prosecutors said were "indecent" videos in which she lip-synced to famous songs and danced in fashionable clothes.
ellauri194.html on line 773: Hossam's lawyer, Hani Sameh, said she had received a longer sentence because she had not appeared in court, even though "it was her legal right not to show up".
ellauri194.html on line 983: The PM was branded a 'joke' by Labour leader Keir Starmer after he made the short admission of guilt before giving a more lengthy address on events in Ukraine, to show his involvement in world events.
ellauri194.html on line 990: Other opposition MPs could be heard shouting 'criminal' as the PM made his statement. And it was not enough to prevent hostile Tories from demanding he quit.
ellauri194.html on line 998: 'Mark has been gearing up for that for some time,' he told LBC radio. 'It was quite funny when he said how much it pained him when he was clearly enjoying the moment thoroughly.'
ellauri194.html on line 1026: Integral Coach Factory (ICF) is a manufacturer of rail coaches located in Perambur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It was established in 1955 and is owned and ...
ellauri196.html on line 221: He was my North, my South, my East and West, Hän oli mun pääilmansuunnat, P, E, I, L,
ellauri196.html on line 224: I thought that love would last for ever: I was wrong. Mä luulin et tää olis ikuista; erehdyin.
ellauri196.html on line 254: But for him it was not an important failure; the sun shone Mutta hänelle se ei ollut iso menetys; aurinko paistoi
ellauri196.html on line 267: it was spring oli kevät
ellauri196.html on line 269: a farmer was ploughing maajussi oli kyntämässä
ellauri196.html on line 273: of the year was koreus oli
ellauri196.html on line 283: there was oli vain
ellauri196.html on line 286: this was se oli
ellauri196.html on line 291: Some idiot suggests that Auden's most famous poem, ‘Funeral Blues’, is ‘misread’ as sincere elegy when it was intended to be a send-up or parody of public obituaries. What an infantile idea! Rather, Auden's point is: We must make fun of one another AND die. Auden oli mielestäni suht hyvä, vahinko vaan että se näyttää Lewisin naziapulaiselta.
ellauri196.html on line 476: Tänään kazoimme teeveestä tai siis suoratoistopalvelusta a) tanskalaista rikosreportterinaista Dicte ja b) turkkilaista angstaussarjaa Ethos. Tiivistäen niiden pohjalta voi sanoa: teeveesarjat ovat läpeensä perseestä! En jaxa niitä! Ne on tähdätty joillekin käsittämättömille lima-aivoille. Sarja a) oli läpeensä vastenmielinen kuten kaikki ns. rikossarjat, näytetään pelkkää rupusakkia, tyyten ikäviä ihmisiä jotka äyskii ja tekee pahaa toisilleen kun niiden elämä on niin ahistavaa. Enkä puhu elintasosta, vaan ihmistyypeistä, yhtä kusipäisiä on niissä näytettävät kermaperseet, elleivät kusipäisempiä. Tanskalaiset on samanlaisia pakko-oireisia anaalis-retentiivisiä germaaneja kuin länsinaapurinsa. Päähenkilö ponnarissa muistuttaa lykketrollia. Rikostoimittaja on vielä vastenmielisempi ammatti kuin poliisi, ne on kuin varis ja siira samalla haaskalla. People have a right to know! Why was the baby in the freezer? So it won't go bad. Sarja b) on aivan toivoton. Luonnevikainen väkivaltainen yökerhoporzari kiusaa katatonista vaimoa ja vinosuista siskoa aivan hulluuden partaalle ja yli, lapset istuu takapenkillä iho ummessa. Kaikki muutkin tyypit on yhtä vinxahtaneita. Eikö näissä ole yhtään normaalia ihmistä? Vai onko kaikki nk. normaalit ihmiset vaan toisella lailla kakkoja kuten esim. Gotthelfin lanzarit? Mix porukoista on kiva kazoa tälläsiä paskiaisia? Nauttiiko ne toisten kärsimyxistä? Onko ns. kivoja tyyppejä vaan lastenkirjoissa ja sarjakuvissa? Olenko naiivi? Niinpä suattaa olla, sanois Elna mummi tähän.
ellauri196.html on line 620: The AFL was the largest union grouping in the United States for the first half of the 20th century, even after the creation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) by unions that were expelled by the AFL in 1935. The Federation was founded and dominated by craft unions throughout its first fifty years, after which many craft union affiliates turned to organizing on an industrial union basis to meet the challenge from the CIO in the 1940s. In 1955, the AFL merged with the CIO to create the AFL–CIO, which has comprised the longest lasting and most influential labor federation in the United States to this day.
ellauri196.html on line 622: Its fundamentally conservative "pure and simple" approach limited the AFL to matters pertaining to working conditions and rates of pay, relegating political goals to its allies in the political sphere. The Federation favored pursuit of workers' immediate demands rather than challenging the property rights of owners, and took a pragmatic view of politics which favored tactical support for particular politicians over formation of a party devoted to workers' interests. The AFL's leadership believed the expansion of the capitalist system was seen as the path to betterment of labor, an orientation making it possible for the AFL to present itself as what one historian has called "the conservative alternative to working class radicalism."
ellauri196.html on line 629: The major legislation was the National Labor Relations Act of 1935, called the Wagner Act. It greatly strengthened organized unions, especially by weakening the company unions that many workers belonged to. It was to the members advantage to transform a company union into a local of an AFL union, and thousands did so, dramatically boosting the membership.
ellauri196.html on line 631: Lewis argued that the AFL was too heavily oriented toward traditional craftsmen, and was overlooking the opportunity to organize millions of semiskilled workers, especially those in industrial factories that made automobiles, rubber, glass and steel. In 1935 Lewis led the dissenting unions in forming a new Congress for Industrial Organization (CIO) within the AFL. Both the new CIO industrial unions, and the older AFL crafts unions grew rapidly after 1935. In 1936 union members enthusiastically supported Roosevelt's landslide reelection. Proposals for the creation of an independent labor party were rejected.
ellauri196.html on line 635: The Labor Management Relations Act of 1947, better known as the Taft–Hartley Act, is a United States federal law that restricts the activities and power of labor unions. It was enacted by the 80th United States Congress over the veto of President Harry S. Truman, becoming law on June 23, 1947.
ellauri196.html on line 639: The percentage of workers belonging to a union (or total labor union "density") varies by country. In 2020 it was 10.8% in the United States, compared to 20.1% in 1983. From a global perspective, in 2016 the US had the fifth lowest trade union density of the 36 OECD member nations.
ellauri196.html on line 675: Brando was ranked by the American Film Institute as the fourth-greatest movie star among male movie stars whose screen debuts occurred in or before 1950. He was only one of six actors named in 1999 by Time magazine in its list of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century. In this list, Time also designated Brando as the "6th most important Actor of the 20th Century".
ellauri196.html on line 677: Brando was raised a Christian scientist from Pfalz. Kasvoi kompostista kuin krispaattorissa wilttaantunut Pak Choi. His mother, known as Dodi Rypäleitä Perseessä, was unconventional for her time; she smoked, wore pants, and drove cars. She helped Henry Ford begin his acting career. However, she was an alcoholic and often had to be brought home from bars in Chicago by her alcoholic husband. Brando expressed sadness when writing about his mother: she preferred getting drunk to caring for us. No wonder Buddy.
ellauri196.html on line 679: Brando harbored far more enmity for his father, stating, "I was his namesake, but nothing I did ever pleased or even interested him. He enjoyed telling me I couldn't do anything right. He had a habit of telling me I would never amount to anything. I would never become The Most Important Person of The Century. And he was right."
ellauri196.html on line 681: When he was four, Brando sexually abused his teenage governess. Brando became attached to her, and was distraught when she left him. For the rest of his life, Brando was distraught over her loss. Brando´s childhood nickname was "Bud". Makes sense for a compost crucifer. "Slim" would not have fit him in the least.
ellauri196.html on line 683: He was later expelled from Libertyville High School for riding his motorcycle through the corridors. He had a trick knee.
ellauri196.html on line 685: Adler used to recount that when teaching Brando, she had instructed the class to act like chickens, and added that a nuclear bomb was about to fall on them. Most of the class clucked and ran around wildly, but Brando sat calmly and pretended to lay an egg. Asked by Adler why he had chosen to react this way, he said, "I'm a chicken—what do I know about bombs?"
ellauri196.html on line 688: Brando´s method of acting was learnt by imitating the cows and horses on the family farm as a way to distract his mother from drinking.
ellauri196.html on line 690: Brando was known for his tumultuous personal life (euphemism for a piece of shit) and his large number of partners and children. He was the father to at least 11 children, at least three of whom were not his. Like a large number of men, he too, had homosexual experiences, and he was not ashamed. If Wally had been a woman, he would have married him and they would have lived happily ever after and had a bunch of kids. Now all they got were some brown pickaninnies.
ellauri196.html on line 694: Brando met actress Rita Moreno in 1954, and they began a love affair. Moreno later revealed in her memoir that when she became pregnant by Brando he arranged for an abortion. After the abortion was botched Brando fell in love with Tarita Teriipaia, and Moreno attempted suicide by overdosing on Brando´s sleeping pills. Welcome back, O great days of adventure before Roe and Wade!
ellauri196.html on line 718: Ezekiel and his contemporaries like Jeremiah, another prophet who was living in Jerusalem at that time, witnessed the fulfilment of their prophecies with the siege of Jerusalem by the Babylonians.

ellauri196.html on line 719: Some statements found in rabbinic literature posit that Ezekiel was the son of Jeremiah, who was (also) called "Buzi" because he was despised by the Jews.
ellauri196.html on line 729: The last recorded prophecy of Ezekiel about the destruction of Jerusalem dates to April 571 BCE, sixteen years after the destruction of Jerusalem in 587 BCE. He was fifty years old when he had his final vision.
ellauri196.html on line 748: Now I´ve heard there was a secret chord
ellauri196.html on line 758: Your faith was strong but you needed proof
ellauri196.html on line 778: I did my best, it wasn´t much
ellauri196.html on line 851: So-called lyrics is at work, self-proclaimed poets like Bob Dylan fall into step with new times. Poetry becomes acoustic guitar and visual effects again, as it was in the times of Erato. The words splash in all directions, like the explosion of dynamite, there is no true meaning, but a verbal earthquake with many epicenters. Decipherment is not necessary, in many cases the aid of the psychoanalyst may help.
ellauri196.html on line 862: Mut tässä Montaigne osui naulan kantaan: The current crisis is strictly tied to the human condition, to our existence as human beings, to our illusion of believing ourselves to be privileged beings, the only ones who believe they are the masters of their destiny and the depositaries of a destiny which no other creature can lay claim to. Now that´s a fucking bad idea, and always was.
ellauri196.html on line 898: Elfriede Jelinek, an Austrian Jew, won the Nobel in Literature in 2004. According to the committee, she got it for revealing the absurdity of society´s cliches and their subjugating power. Take that, society´s cliches! One Swedish Academy member wasn´t exactly a fan. He quit in a fit, claiming that Jelinek´s writing is "whining, unenjoyable public pornography". Bet if it had been enjoyable private pornography, then his stance would have been different.
ellauri196.html on line 900: Jelinek, born in the eastern Austrian town of Mürzzuschlag on October 20, 1946, grew up in Vienna. As a young woman, she dealt with her father´s neuropathy, mother´s psychopathy and her own mental problems. Under the influence of her "demonic" mother, Jelinek said she was "trained" as a child prodigy in dance and music. She said she began writing to escape her mother´gs patronizing, dominating behavior.
ellauri196.html on line 901: She declined to attend the award ceremony in Stockholm, saying she was "not in a mental shape to withstand such ceremonies."
ellauri196.html on line 908: She was a member of the Communist Party from 1974 to 1991, and she voiced her opposition to the far-right Freedom Party.
ellauri196.html on line 921: Gleichzeitig suggeriert der Brunnen hier auch eine bloße Öffnung, was auf eine Tradition der Nicht-Anerkennung weiblicher Sexualität referiert, in der eine Vulva-lose Vagina als „Loch“ wahrgenommen wird, das vom Penis penetriert werden soll,
ellauri196.html on line 926: Die Katze ist ein alltäglicher Synonym der Fotze. Sie kann als Symbol generell und speziell als „Symbol des Weiblichen und der erotisch-sexuellen Anziehung bzw. Gefährdung“, wozu besonders die Nachtaktivität und Wollust der Katze beiträgt. „Gelb“ lese ich hier als stellvertretend für Körperflüssigkeiten wie Urin und Samen. Hier stellt sich die Frage, welcher Saft? Giebel ist Venushügel, was sonst. „Knabenrot“ habe ich schon das männliche Glied beschrieben. Zusätzlich kann das Rot für Blut stehen, ins Besondere als Zitat der Defloration. Tatsächlich gibt es kein Jungfernhäutchen im Sinn einer zu durchtrennenden Folie, jedoch war (und ist leider teilweise nach wie vor) das Blut bei der (ersten) Penetration der Beweis von Jungfräulichkeit. Wenn manche Frauen (beim ersten Mal) bluten, kommt das von (kleinen) Verletzungen in der Vagina. Ich weiss, ich weiss!
ellauri196.html on line 938: Es war mir wichtig, den Blick auf das Obszöne nicht aus männlicher, sondern aus weiblicher Sicht zu zeigen. Pornographie ist nicht das Beschreiben von Vögeleien oder das Beschreiben von nackten Leuten, die irgendwas miteinander machen. Pornographie ist die Darstellung der Frau als Hure. Also ihre Freigabe zu Quälereien, zu Erniedrigungen und ihre Lust daran. Es ist unfair daß es einer Frau nicht gestattet ist, radikale Dinge zu schreiben.
ellauri196.html on line 940: Diese Äußerungen über mich, dass man das einem Mann zugesteht, das ist eine gewisse Härte in der Sichtweise und auch eine gewisse Brutalität, über die Frauen eigentlich besser schreiben können als die Männer, weil die Frauen eigentlich sehr viel mehr Brutalität erfahren als die Männer, aber wenn eine Frau das schreibt, wird ihr das eben nicht zugestanden, auch was jetzt zum Beispiel die Sexualität betrifft, denn wenn eine Frau über Sexualität schreibt wie ein Mann, dann wird ihr das nicht zugestanden, dabei ist es eigentlich sehr wichtig, dass endlich mal Frauen über ihre Sexualität schreiben und nicht nur Männer.
ellauri196.html on line 942: Das Schlimmste ist dieses männliche Wert- und Normensystem, dem die Frau unterliegt. Sie benutzt das Obszöne, um Machtverhältnisse zwischen Mann und Frau sichtbar zu machen, was sie schon 1967 in Talente und Tendenzen als literarisches Ziel angibt. Reim, der nach 1945 ohnehin immer mehr aufgegeben wird, wird in Jelineks Gedichten ein Mittel der Parodie.
ellauri197.html on line 66: But I was young and foolish, Mut mä olin liian hätäinen
ellauri197.html on line 98: In the first stanza of ‘Down By the Salley Gardens,’ the poet begins by making use of the line that later came to be used as the title of the poem. He describes how there was a place, in the “sally gardens,” where he used to meet his love. The word “salley” may refer to an actual location, perhaps on the banks of the river near Sligo, or it might refer to “sallow,” a kind of tree.
ellauri197.html on line 102: He describes in the next lines how his love used to pass the “salley gardens / with little snow-white feet”. This is a great use of imagery that depicts his love as someone young, beautiful, and with the addition of “white,” pure feet. He describes the big mistake he made in regard to his life with his young woman. She told him to “take love easy” but he wasn’t able to do so. He rushed into this relationship and wasn’t as steady as he could’ve been. The man was “young and foolish” and now in his older age, he’s able to look back on his life and realize his mistakes.
ellauri197.html on line 106: The second stanza is very similar to the first. There are several examples of repetition. The speaker begins by describing himself standing with his love “In a field by the river” rather than in the “salley garden”. Either way, the setting is natural and likely beautiful. The scene is made even more pleasing by the fact that he was with someone he loved and she was touching his shoulder with her “snow-white hand”. Here, readers should notice the repetition of “snow-white”. This time rather than describing her feet he’s thinking about her hand. He remembers how she asked him at that moment to “take life easy”. This is almost exactly the same as in the first stanza. But, now it’s revealed that the speaker’s inability to take it “easy” stretches to his life beyond his relationship with this woman.
ellauri197.html on line 153: - Yeats was all his life passionately devoted to a woman named Maud Gonne :D She had an affair with him which meant everything to him, and wrote many poems in her honor, but she refused to marry him. She married someone else, and so he had to marry someone else as well, but he always cherished her above all. She was "THE" woman to him. It may be for her sake that he imagined love from HER point of view. Meanwhile he and his second-choice wife had a son and a daughter, whom he loved dearly. That's sad... For all parties involved.
ellauri197.html on line 158: One of Yeats' most famous works, this poem was inspired in part by a carved piece of Lapis Lazuli that Harry Clifton gave Yeats for his 70th birthday (1935). Vizi siis mun ikäisenä! Saankohan mäkin tollasen arvokkaan lapispazaan lahjaxi? Kekä on tää Harry Clifton? Ei toki toi 1998 syntynyt jalkapallista eikä edes mun ikäinen, 1952 syntynyt runoilija? Entä se kello Lindroosin vitriinissä?
ellauri197.html on line 162: Henry Talbot de Vere Clifton (1907–1979) was an eccentric, British aristocrat, poet, race horse owner, art collector and film producer. He spent some time in Hollywood during the early 1930s and, in the mid 1930s, produced films in Britain. In the 1930s and 40s he had three books of poetry published.
ellauri197.html on line 164: He was born on 16 December 1907, the son of John Talbot Clifton and Violet Mary Beauclerk, from a very wealthy family with extensive estates and other property holdings in England and Scotland. He was educated at Downside School and Oxford University. He knew the novelist Evelyn Waugh, having possibly met him at Oxford, and who is thought by some to have used him as a model for the Brideshead Revisited character, Sebastian Flyte, although other sources (e.g. Paula Byrne) attribute the inspiration to Hugh Lygon. Waugh was certainly a guest at the family seat, Lytham Hall, in the 1930s and described the Clifton family as “tearing mad”. Clifton's mother, Violet, believed that much of Brideshead Revisited was about the Clifton family and was furious when it was published.
ellauri197.html on line 166: After leaving Oxford Clifton travelled in the Far East and the United States of America. During the 1930s Clifton was a racehorse owner and amateur jockey. He was an art collector and owned paintings by Renoir, Gauguin and Tissot all of which he later sold to pay off his debts.
ellauri197.html on line 168: Clifton was a gambler and in 1957 the Evening Standard described his behaviour in the Monte Carlo casino: “Tall, bearded, always dressed in heavy tweeds with a heavy brown scarf wrapped around his neck....he is notable for heavy gambling carried out with the appearance of complete unconcern, and sudden outbursts of indiscriminate generosity.” He often fell prey to conmen and lost a great deal of money through ill advised business deals. When warned that one of his acquaintances was dangerous he replied “Oh, I know, but you see I like bad types!” Many of his projects were started with great enthusiasm but he quickly lost interest and dropped them, these included the construction of a zoo and plans for a new town on his Lancashire estate.
ellauri197.html on line 174: He died childless in 1979, having squandered his family's wealth of several million pounds and sold their thousands of acres of land and other properties including the family seat of Lytham Hall that had belonged to the Clifton family since 1606. When he died he was almost penniless and was residing in a small rundown hotel in Brighton.
ellauri197.html on line 176: Clifton's three books of poetry were published by Duckworth. The first was Dielma and Other Poems in 1932 and then followed Flight in 1934. One commentator has said that “Clifton was particularly adroit at poems honouring – and marvelling at – women” and the Times Literary Supplement stated that “His lyrics are a gracious tribute to the beauty of women”. These were fairly conventional poems unlike his final work Gleams Britain's Day published in 1942. The Spectator described it as “expressing in a sort of prophetic certitude opinions upon religion, patriotism, love, art, war and peace, which he puts in unconventional verse”. The reviewer stated that the book was “the product of a curious, whimsical mind, full of energy, squandering it on half-digested ideas”. W B Yates dedicated his poem, Lapis Lazuli, to Clifton who had given him a valuable Chinese lapis lazuli carving.
ellauri197.html on line 178: Yeats' poem was completed in 1936. Yeats, in an oft quoted letter, describes the gift thus: "Lapis Lazuli carved by some Chinese sculptor into the semblance of a mountain with temple, trees, paths, and an ascetic and pupil about to climb the mountain. Ascetic, pupil, hard stone, eternal theme of the sensual east. The heroic cry in the midst of despair. But no, I am wrong, the east has its solutions always and therefore knows nothing of tragedy. It is we, not the east, that must raise the heroic cry." (Letter to Dorothy Wellesley (as in Wellesley College?) July 6 1935)
ellauri197.html on line 237: But know your hair was bound and wound Muzun tukka oli sitaistu ja kiedottu
ellauri197.html on line 275: How happy I was if I could forget Miten iloinen mä olin jos voisin unohtaa
ellauri197.html on line 281: Till I who was almost bold Niin että oltuani melkein rohkea
ellauri197.html on line 295: The shift in verb tenses is remarkable in this first stanza to address the narrator’s unclear thoughts that are connected to whatever memory she wishes to “forget.” Within the first two lines of ‘How Happy I Was If I Could Forget’, the reader encounters past tense in “was” and the subjunctive imagined prospect of “if I could forget.” This “if” indicates that this is only a wish the narrator has, meaning it is not past, present, or future because it has not happened and will not definitively ever happen. From there, the narrator turns to the present tense by saying, “how sad I am.” There is no clear way that all of these verb tenses senspibly link up, and this grammatic confusion mirrors how uncertain and shaken the narrator is from this memory’s lingering presence.
ellauri197.html on line 305: An interesting thing to note, however, is that the “adversity” is treated in a beautiful way by being addressed as a “Bloom.” The capitalization can be written off with the notion that even a bad memory could be important enough to merit capitalization, but a “Bloom” has a connotation of natural beauty and livelihood. This could simply mean the negativity from the circumstance grows with time, but the choice of such a soft verb gives the feeling that the narrator has warm feelings about whatever happened to cause this bad memory—maybe a relationship she loved but lost or a friend who was dear but forsaken. This would again give a reason for the grammatical chaos of the lack of subject and mismatched verb tenses since, it seems, the narrator does not know how she feels about the memory.
ellauri197.html on line 309: Once more, the variation of verb tenses happens within this stanza to continue the representation of her uncertain mind frame since the “Bloom [k]eeps making November difficult,” which is present tense, but she “was almost bold,” which is past tense. Though there is a logic behind this particular verb tense change, the pattern is still striking enough to merit mention.
ellauri197.html on line 329: if I could forget how happy I was, it would be an easy adversity to remember how sad I am.
ellauri197.html on line 346: As I had thought it was, kuin kuvittelin sen olevan,
ellauri197.html on line 350: My love was infinite, if spring make’ it more. Rakkauteni olevan ääretön, kun se kasvaa keväällä.
ellauri197.html on line 381: In the first stanza of ‘Love’s Organ's Growth’, the poet says that he does no longer believe his love to be so pure (simple and unmixed, hence not subject to change), and mixed, as he had earlier supposed it to be, because now he discovers that his love is subject to seasonal fluctuations and changes like the grass. Throughout the winter, the poet lied when he swore that his love was infinite, because what is infinite cannot grow and increase. Now he finds that his love has increased in vigor with the spring. Spring has made some additions to it.
ellauri197.html on line 387: When the poet says: “not only be no quintessence”, he means to refer to the medieval belief of Quintessence, which was regarded as “the pure essence of anything”, containing within itself all the creative and sustaining virtues. It was ‘pure’ and ‘simple’ and not a mixture or compound of a number of different elements or ingredients. It was supposed to have the power of sustaining, nourishing, and strengthening.
ellauri197.html on line 424: I was alone, for those I loved Olin yxin, mun rakkaat olivat
ellauri197.html on line 431: 'Twas sweet, but neither sun nor wind Olihan se kiva, muttei pelkkä sää
ellauri197.html on line 436: No, 'twas a rapture deep and strong, Ei se oli oikein kova kuumotus,
ellauri197.html on line 442: O no, it was not this! Ei, eise ollut sitäkään!
ellauri197.html on line 444: It was a glimpse of truth divine Se oli jumalainen viuhahdus
ellauri197.html on line 449: I felt there was a God on high Musta tuntui eziellon jumala
ellauri197.html on line 467: I felt that God was mine. Mä ajattelin: toi on mun.
ellauri197.html on line 500: The term gold-digger was a slang term that has its roots among chorus girls and sex workers in the early 20th century. The Oxford Dictionary[clarification needed] and Random House's Dictionary of Historical Slang state the term is distinct for women because they were much more likely to need to marry a wealthy man in order to achieve or maintain a level of socioeconomic status. than a man to marry a wealthy woman in order to achieve or maintain a level of socioeconomic status.
ellauri197.html on line 502: The term gold digger rose in usage after the popularity of Avery Hopwood's play The Gold Diggers in 1919. Hopwood first heard the term gold digger in a conversation with Ziegfeld performer Kay Laurell. As an indication on how new the slang term was, Broadway producers urged him to change the title because they feared that the audience would think that the play was about mining and the Gold Rush.
ellauri197.html on line 503: The best known gold digger of the early 20th century was Peggy Hopkins Joyce. Joyce was a former show girl who married and divorced millionaires.
ellauri197.html on line 505: Sharon Thompson's research has demonstrated how the gold digger stereotype or image has been used against women in the negotiation of alimony cases. The gold digger stereotype was also deployed in public discussions about "heartbalm" legislation during the 1930s, particularly breach of promise cases. The popularity of the gold digger image was a contributing factor to the nationwide push to outlaw heart balm laws in the middle and late-1930s in the United States.
ellauri197.html on line 511: The first state to abolish all heartbalm actions was Indiana, with “An Act to promote public morals” in 1935.
ellauri197.html on line 514: Loss of consortium was originally expressed in the Latin phrase "per quod servitium et consortium amisit" ("in consequence of which he lost [another person's] servitude and marital services"). The relationship between husband and wife has, historically, been considered worthy of legal protection. The interest being protected under consortium, is that which the head of the household (father or husband) had in the physical integrity of his wife, children, or servants. The undertone of this action is that the husband had an unreciprocated proprietary interest in his wife. The deprivations identified include the economic contributions of the injured spouse to the household, care and affection, and sex.
ellauri197.html on line 516: The action was once available to a father against a man who was courting his daughter outside of marriage, on the grounds that the father had lost the consortium of his daughter's household services because she was spending time with her beau.
ellauri197.html on line 518: Loss of consortium arising from personal injuries was recognized under the English common law. In 1349, the Statute of Labourers made legal provision to prevent servants changing employers, and to prevent prospective employers enticing servants away from other employers.
ellauri197.html on line 522: For example, in Baker v Bolton (1808) 1 Camp 493, a man was permitted to recover for his loss of consortium from the carriage driver while his wife languished after a carriage accident. However, once she died from her injuries, his right to recover for lost consortium ended. (After the enactment of Lord Campbell's Act (9 and 10 Vic. c. 93) the English common law continued to prohibit recovery for loss of consortium after the death of a victim). In the 1619 case Guy v. Livesey, it is clear that precedent had been established by that time that a husband's exclusive access to the sexual services of his wife was considered to fall within the concept of 'consortium', and that an adulterer might therefore be sued for depriving a cuckold of exclusive access to the sexual services of his wife. Since adultery could not otherwise be prosecuted in secular courts for most of the period after the twelfth century, loss of consortium became an important basis for prosecution for adultery in English law.
ellauri197.html on line 552: Gold Digger videot on suosittu meemi 21. vuosisadalla. Niistä näkee miten eri lailla millenniaalit kyllä puhuvat ("is that real? I was super depressed"), mutta ajattelevat ihan samoilla vanhoilla apinoiden totutuilla tavoilla. Kaikki kullinkaivuutarinat on keskenään samanlaisia, ja vanhan hyvän Darwinin alunperin keximiä.
ellauri197.html on line 647: His father was a well-paid clerk for the Bank of England, earning about £150 per year. Browning's paternal grandfather was a slave owner in Saint Kitts, West Indies, but Browning's father was an abolitionist. Browning's father had been sent to the West Indies to work on a sugar plantation, but due to a slave revolt there, had returned. Browning's mother was the daughter of a German shipowner who had settled in Dundee, Scotland, and his Scottish wife. His paternal grandmother, Margaret Tittle, had inherited a plantation in St Kitts and was rumoured in the family to have a mixed-race ancestry including some Jamaican blood, but author Julia Markus suggests she was Kittitian rather than Jamaican. The evidence is inconclusive. Robert's father, a literary collector, amassed a library of some 6,000 books, many of them rare so that Robert grew up in a household with significant literary resources. His mother, to whom he was close (no tietysti), was a devout nonconformist and a talented musician. His younger sister, Sarianna, also gifted, became her brother's "companion" in his later years, after the death of his wife in 1861. His father encouraged his children's interest in literature and the arts.
ellauri197.html on line 649: By the age of 12, Browning had written a book of poetry, which he later destroyed for want of a publisher. After attending one or two private schools and showing an insuperable dislike of school life, he was educated at home by a tutor, using the resources of his father's library. By 14 he was fluent in French, Greek, Italian and Latin. He became an admirer of the Romantic poets, especially Shelley, whom he followed in becoming an atheist and a vegetarian (and a bisexual). At 16, he studied Greek at University College London, but left after his first year. His parents' evangelical faith prevented his studying at either Oxford or Cambridge University, both then open only to members of the Church of England. He had inherited substantial musical ability through his mother, and composed arrangements of various songs. He refused a formal career and ignored his parents' remonstrations by dedicating himself to poetry. He stayed at home until the age of 34, financially dependent on his family until his marriage. His father sponsored the publication of his son's poems. Varsinainen vanhapiika, neiti-ihminen.
ellauri197.html on line 651: In March 1833, "Pauline, a Fragment of a Confession" was published anonymously by Saunders and Otley at the expense of the author, Robert Browning, who received the money from his aunt, Mrs Silverthorne. It is a long poem composed in homage to the poet Shelley and somewhat in his style. Originally Browning considered Pauline as the first of a series written by different aspects of himself, but he soon abandoned this idea. The press noticed the publication. However, it sold no copies. Mill oli oikeassa, narsistista jaaritusta.
ellauri197.html on line 658: The time, which was an hour, that one waits

ellauri198.html on line 118: Academy Award-winner Mahershala Ali plays the lead role of state police detective Wayne Hays. In an interview with Variety, Ali revealed that he was originally offered a supporting role, as the main character was supposed to be white. However, pursuing a better choice for his career, he convinced Pizzolatto that he was suited for the lead despite the pigmentation handicap. Saatiinhan värivirhe sentään korjatuxi Alin ja Rolandin urakehityxen myöhemmissä vaiheissa.
ellauri198.html on line 125: Warren kuului agraarikkojen ryhmään, jota johti John Crowe Ransom. Warren began as an enlightened conservative Southerner. Siis kumpana? Valistuxen vaiko taantumuxen peikkona? Agrarians, with Ransom in the lead, were determined to re-endow nature with an element of horror and inscrutability and to bring back a God who permitted evil as well as good—in short, to give God back his thunder.” His main question was ‘How is one to look at life?’ Taas 1 tollanen yearning-man, wannabe uskovainen joka kaipaa jämäkämpää jumalaa joka jakaa merkityxiä kuin hihamerkkejä.
ellauri198.html on line 131: Writing in the New Republic Steel, George Mayberry wrote that the novel was "in the tradition of many classics", comparing the novel favorably with Moby-Dick, The Sun Also Rises, and The Great Gatsby.
ellauri198.html on line 132: Despite the positive reviews, in 1974, All the King's Men was challenged at the Dallas, Texas, Independent School District high school libraries for depicting a "depressing view of life" and "immoral situations".
ellauri198.html on line 139: Though Warren did not deny that man is an integral part of nature, what he celebrated in his poetry was the trait that sets man apart from nature—namely, his ability (and desire) to seek knowledge in his quest “to make sense out of life.” Joopa joo. Kuten jo sainoin, jälleen 1 näitä mänttipäitä merkityxen mezästäjiä.
ellauri198.html on line 149: Warren kuoli luusyöpään Vermontissa 84-vuotiaana. Kaikki Stephen Kingin miehet ei saaneet sitä enää kasaan. Warren was named first US poet laureate on February 26, 1986. 3v ehti nauttia niistä laakereista.
ellauri198.html on line 161: I did not know what was happening in my heart.
ellauri198.html on line 162: It was the season before the elderberry blooms,
ellauri198.html on line 164: The sound was passing northward.
ellauri198.html on line 202: What am I now that I was then
ellauri198.html on line 225: What am I now that I was then?
ellauri198.html on line 235: It all started as steelworkers for five steel companies – Bethlehem Steel, Republic Steel, Youngstown Sheet and Tube, Inland Steel and Weirton Steel, collectively known as “Little Steel” in comparison to the giant U.S. Steel Company – went on strike to force the companies to recognize and bargain with their union, the Steelworkers Organizing Committee (SWOC). The strike, which began on May 26th, was almost completely effective in the first days, as 67,000 workers walked the picket lines, kept replacement workers (scabs) out, and brought steel production in their mills to a standstill. One striker later said that in the first days of the strike “the mills were as empty as Monday morning church” and that “the steel towns breathed clean air for the first time in years.”
ellauri198.html on line 237: Although the strike lasted nearly six months, the tide quickly turned. Union leaders had recently initiated a policy of supporting President Franklin Roosevelt and the Democratic Party. They told their workers that they could trust the Democrats and count on them to defend their interests. But Democratic governors, all allied with Roosevelt and all good friends of big business, used their power to beat strikers into submission. In Johnstown, Pennsylvania, the governor declared martial law and police reopened a closed plant and herded scabs into the factory to restart production, breaking the strike. In Ohio, the governor ordered National Guard troops from town to town to smash picket lines, beat and arrest strikers, raid union offices, and escort scabs into the factories. In Youngstown, two workers were shot dead, two more in Massillon, and another was beaten to death in Canton. Thousands more were beaten and arrested throughout the state at those and other locations.
ellauri198.html on line 239: The most terrible day, preceding those described above, was May 30th, Memorial Day. On the south side of Chicago 1,500 workers, including some of their families, marched to the Republic Steel plant for a picket line and to hold a meeting. They were met by 200 police and dozens of paddy wagons. A group of 300 workers advanced to confront the police. After debate, then heated argument, the police opened fire on the workers, first shooting dozens, then clubbing those still fleeing and many they had already shot. Ten were killed and forty others were shot, almost all in the back. One was paralyzed from the waist down. One hundred were beaten with clubs, including an eight-year-old child. After Memorial Day, workers were fearful that any wrong move could sudden death. And their union leaders offered no larger strategy to answer the violence.
ellauri198.html on line 260: Esim Roland was the name of a real-life medieval military leader under Charlemagne who, more importantly, was the subject of the oldest surviving major work of French literature: an epic poem titled The Song of Roland. Roland was a loyal and trusting knight who was told to bring up the rear guard and burst his own temples open while sounding a horn too vigorously. What a way to go! In 1855, Robert Browning made the warrior the subject of his poem “Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came,” which leads us back to Stephen King, of all the U.S. turds. It’s a bit incongruous to think of Dorff’s Roland West—an uncouth man who refers to “Saigon trim” and is eager to start a fight.
ellauri198.html on line 262: You never bought no Saigon trim while you was over there? Guess I'm a romantic. I'm a feminist. They want to sell me a piece of ass, they got the right. Shit. You're gonna pay for it one way or another. You see yourself getting married, Purple? No, sir. I'm not a big enough asshole to put a woman and children through that. Hey. Don't. Shh. Dick!
ellauri198.html on line 284: He slew them, at surprising distances, with his gun. Over a body held in his hand, his head was bowed low,
ellauri198.html on line 298: Nearly every aspect of the ritual abuse is controversial, including its definition, the source of the allegations and proof thereof, testimonies of alleged victims, and court cases involving the allegations and criminal investigations. The panic affected lawyers, therapists, and social workers who handled allegations of child sexual abuse. Allegations initially brought together widely dissimilar groups, including religious fundamentalists, police investigators, child advocates, therapists, and clients in psychotherapy. The term satanic abuse was more common early on; this later became satanic ritual abuse and further secularized into simply ritual abuse. Over time, the accusations became more closely associated with dissociative identity disorder (then called multiple personality disorder) and anti-government conspiracy theories.
ellauri198.html on line 300: Initial interest arose via the publicity campaign for Pazder's 1980 book Michelle Remembers, and it was sustained and popularized throughout the decade by coverage of the McMartin preschool trial. Testimonials, symptom lists, rumors, and techniques to investigate or uncover memories of SRA were disseminated through professional, popular, and religious conferences, as well as through talk shows, sustaining and further spreading the moral panic throughout the United States and beyond. In some cases, allegations resulted in criminal trials with varying results; after seven years in court, the McMartin trial resulted in no convictions for any of the accused, while other cases resulted in lengthy sentences, some of which were later reversed. Scholarly interest in the topic slowly built, eventually resulting in the conclusion that the phenomenon was a moral panic, which, as one researcher put it in 2017, "involved hundreds of accusations that devil-worshipping paedophiles were operating America's white middle-class suburban daycare centers."
ellauri198.html on line 328: His word was still "Fie, foh, and fum,

ellauri198.html on line 342: Browning claimed that the poem came to him in a dream, saying "I was conscious of no allegorical intention of writing it ... I do not know what I meant beyond that, and I do not know now. But I am very fond of it."
ellauri198.html on line 360: My first thought was, he lied in every word, Ekax ajattelin eze valehteli,
ellauri198.html on line 413: And all the doubt was now—should I be fit? Ezyystä kysyttiin, saanko mäkään kuxia?
ellauri198.html on line 424: For mark! no sooner was I fairly found Sillä kas! tuskin olin päässyt tieltä
ellauri198.html on line 427: O'er the safe road, 'twas gone; grey plain all round: Kyllä näkynyt koko tietä enää sieltä,
ellauri198.html on line 449: Above its mates, the head was chopped; the bents Jotka koitti nostaa päätä jostain loukosta,
ellauri198.html on line 517: Whate'er that was, rolled by, deterred no whit. Mitä olikin, sitä ei pysäyttänyt käsin.
ellauri198.html on line 528: Glad was I when I reached the other bank. Kyl helpotti kun pääsin vastarannalle.
ellauri198.html on line 545: What bad use was that engine for, that wheel, oli jonkinlainen SM laite, mitä hyötyä?
ellauri198.html on line 581: How to get from them was no clearer case. Ja mistä voisi sisus sisin ulos suoria?
ellauri198.html on line 593: This was the place! those two hills on the right, Et tää se 1 paikka selvästikin on!
ellauri198.html on line 616: Not hear? when noise was everywhere! it tolled Etkö kuule? Mikä meno oli kaikkialla,
ellauri198.html on line 619: How such a one was strong, and such was bold, Kellit kalkuttivat mua päällä sekä alla,
ellauri198.html on line 620: And such was fortunate, yet each of old Yxi pitkä toinen kova kolmas ikivanha,
ellauri198.html on line 635: Most scholars agree that the ritual performed at the tophet was child sacrifice, and they connect it to similar episodes throughout the Bible and recorded in Phoenicia (whose inhabitants were referred to as Canaanites in the Bible) and Carthage by Hellenistic sources. There is disagreement about whether the sacrifices were offered to a god named "Moloch". Based on Phoenician and Carthaginian inscriptions, a growing number of scholars believe that the word moloch refers to the type of sacrifice rather than a deity. There is currently a dispute as to whether these sacrifices were dedicated to Yahweh rather than a foreign deity.
ellauri198.html on line 645: Roland's band had dissolved and gone on to solo careers. Cuthbert was cut up for "one night's disgrace," and Giles "by being hanged and declared a traitor by his fans." All Roland wants is to join back the band, whatever the cost.
ellauri198.html on line 660: Horace Slughorn is a character in the Harry Potter series of novels by J. K. Rowling. Professor Horace Eugene Flaccus Slughorn (b. 28 April, between 1882 and 1913) was a pure-blood or half-blood wizard. He attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as a member of Slytherin before returning in 1931 as Potions Master. Joopa joo, flaccid slughorn, kiitos JK tiedetään mitä ajat takaa. Although Professor Slughorn certainly isn't a villain in Harry Potter, he's definitely done some rotten things. As they all.
ellauri198.html on line 684: The scottish "narrative" or fairy tale about Childe Rowland comes from Danish ballads about Rosmer Halfmand from the 1695 work Kaempe Viser. There were three ballads about Rosmer, who was a giant or merman, stealing a girl whose brother later rescues her. In the first, the characters are the children of Lady Hillers of Denmark, and the sister is named Svanè. In the second, the main characters are Roland and Proud Eline lyle. In the third, the hero is Child Aller, son of the king of Iceland. Unlike the English Roland, the hero of the Danish ballads relies on trickery to rescue his sister, and in some versions they have a juicy incestuous relationship to boot.
ellauri198.html on line 691: In March 1833, "Pauline, a Fragment of a Confession" was published anonymously by Saunders and Otley at the expense of the author, Robert Browning, who received the money from his aunt, Mrs Silverthorne. It is a long poem composed in homage to the poet Shelley and somewhat in his style. Originally Browning considered Pauline as the first of a series written by different aspects of himself, but he soon abandoned this idea. John Stuart Mill, however, wrote that the author suffered from an "intense and morbid self-consciousness". Later Browning was rather embarrassed by the work.
ellauri198.html on line 693: In 1838, he visited Italy looking for background for Sordello, a long poem in heroic couplets, presented as the imaginary biography of the Mantuan bard spoken of by Dante in the Divine Comedy, canto 6 of Purgatory, set against a background of hate and conflict during the Guelph-Ghibelline wars. This was published in 1840 and met with widespread derision, gaining him the reputation of wanton carelessness and obscurity. Tennyson commented that he only understood the first and last lines and Carlyle wrote that his wife had read the poem through and could not tell whether Sordello was a man, a city or a book. Ai tän mä taisinkin jo kertoa albumissa 54.
ellauri198.html on line 697: From the time of their marriage and until Elizabeth's death, the Brownings lived in Italy, residing first in Pisa, and then, within a year, finding an apartment in Florence at Casa Guidi (now a museum to their memory). Their only child, Robert Wiedemann Barrett Browning, nicknamed "Penine" or "Pen", was born in 1849. In these years Browning was fascinated by, and learned from, the art and atmosphere of Italy. He would, in later life, describe Italy as his university. As Elizabeth had inherited money of her own, the couple were reasonably comfortable in Italy, and their relationship together was happy. However, the literary assault on Browning's work did not let up and he was critically dismissed further, by patrician writers such as Charles Kingsley, for the desertion of England for foreign lands.
ellauri198.html on line 699: Browning believed spiritualism to be fraud, and proved one of Daniel Dunglas Home's most adamant critics. When Browning and his wife Elizabeth attended one of his séances on 23 July 1855. a spirit face materialized, which Home claimed was Browning's son who had died in infancy: Browning seized the "materialization" and discovered it to be Home's bare foot. To make the deception worse, Browning had never lost a son in infancy.
ellauri198.html on line 701: In 1861, Elizabeth died in Florence. Among those whom he found vaguely consoling in that period was the novelist and poet Isa Blagden, with whom he and his wife had a voluminous correspondence. The following year Browning returned to London, taking his Pen with him, who by then was 12 years old.
ellauri198.html on line 710: The series was chiefly inspired by the poem "Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came" by Robert Browning, whose full text was included in the final volume's appendix. In the preface to the revised 2003 edition of The Gunslinger, King also identifies The Lord of the Rings, Arthurian legend, and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly as inspirations. He identifies Clint Eastwood's "Man with No Name" character as one of the major inspirations for the protagonist, Roland Deschain. King's style of location names in the series, such as Mid-World, and his development of a unique language abstract to our own [clarification needed] (High Speech), are also influenced by J. R. R. Tolkien's work. The series is referred to on King's website as his magnum opus.
ellauri198.html on line 714: Allen Johnston of The New York Times was disappointed with how the series progressed; while he marveled at the "sheer absurdity of King's existence" and complimented King's writing style, he said preparation would have improved the series, stating "King doesn't have the writerly finesse for these sorts of games, and the voices let him down." Michael Berry of the San Francisco Chronicle called the series "highfalutin hodgepodge".
ellauri198.html on line 716: Charlie the Choo-Choo is a "children's book" by Stephen King released in 2016, published under the pseudonym Beryl Evans. It is adapted from a section of King's previous novel The Dark Tower III: The Waste Lands. It was illustrated by Ned Dameron.
ellauri198.html on line 736: In a final "Coda" section, King urges the reader to close the book at this point, consider the story finished with a happy ending, and not venture inside the Tower with Roland. For those who do not heed the warning, the story resumes with Roland stepping into the Dark Tower. He realizes that the Tower is not really made of stone, but a kind of flesh: it is Gan's physical body. As he climbs the steps, Roland encounters various rooms containing siguls or signs of his past life. When he reaches the top of the Tower, he finds a door marked with his own name and opens it. Roland instantly realizes, to his horror, that he has reached the Tower countless times before. He is forced through the door by the hands of Gan and transported back in time to the Mohaine desert, back to where he was at the beginning of The Dark Tower: The Gunslinger, with no memories of what has just occurred. The only difference is that, this time, Roland possesses the Horn of Eld, which in the previous incarnation he had left lying on the ground after the Battle of Jericho Hill. Roland hears the voice of Gan, whispering that, if he reaches the Tower again, perhaps this time the result will be different; there may yet be rest. The series ends where it began in the first line of book one: "The man in black fled across the desert, and the gunslinger followed."
ellauri198.html on line 824: He was equally firm in adhering to his self-image as an artist. This conviction led many to accuse him of elitism, but conscious and undaunted image building also unquestionably contributed to his greatness.
ellauri198.html on line 835: Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
ellauri198.html on line 846: While Yeats was playing with esoterica, Ireland was rife with internal strife and a world war flitted past. He was now the “sixty-year-old smiling public man” of his poem “Among School Children,” which he wrote after touring an Irish elementary school. He was also a world-renowned artist of impressive stature, having received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1923. At night the poet could “sweat with terror” because of the surrounding violence, but otherwise he was enjoying himself royally. His collection The Dark Tower (1928) is often considered his best single book.
ellauri198.html on line 848: Another important element of poems in both these collections and other volumes is Yeats’s keen awareness of old age. Even his romantic poems from the late 1890s often mention gray hair and weariness, though those poems were written while he was still a young man. But when Yeats was nearly 60, his health began to fail and he was faced with real, rather than imaginary, “bodily decrepitude” (a phrase from “After Long Silence”) and nearness to death. Despite the author’s often keen awareness of his physical decline, the last 15 years of his life were marked by extraordinary vitality and an appetite for life, including young boys and girls.
ellauri198.html on line 849: His pose as “The Wild Old Wicked Man” (the title of one of his poems) and his poetical revitalization was reflected in the title of his 1938 volume New Poems.
ellauri198.html on line 853: He faced death with a courage that was founded partly on his vague hope for reincarnation. In his proud moods he could speak in the stern voice of his famous epitaph, written within six months of his death, which concludes his poem “Under Ben Bulben”: “Cast a cold eye / On life, on death. / Horseman, pass by!” But the bold sureness of those lines is complicated by the terror-stricken cry that “distracts my thought” at the end of another late poem, “The Man and the Echo,” and also by the poignantly frivolous lust for life in the last lines of “Politics,” the poem that he wanted to close Last Poems: “But O that I were young again / And held them in my arms.”
ellauri198.html on line 858: Fellow anglo-saxon poets, including his catamite W.H. Auden (who praised Yeats as the savior of English lyric poetry), Stephen Spender, Theodore Roethke, and Philip Larkin thought he was the cat's whiskers.
ellauri198.html on line 881: Hyperion, a Fragment is an abandoned epic poem by 19th-century English Romantic poet John Keats. It was published in Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems (1820). It is based on the Titanomachia, and tells of the despair of the Titans after their fall to the Olympians. Keats wrote the poem from late 1818 until the spring of 1819, when he gave it up as having "too many Miltonic inversions." He was also nursing his younger brother Tom, who died on 1 December 1818 of tuberculosis.
ellauri198.html on line 883: In Greek mythology, Hyperion (/haɪˈpɪəriən/; Greek: Ὑπερίων, 'he who goes above') was one of the twelve Titan children of Gaia (Earth) and Uranus (Sky). With his sister, the Titaness Theia, Hyperion fathered Helios (Sun), Selene (Moon) and Eos (Dawn). Well, his sister mothered them, after he had squirted his load of cum into her.
ellauri198.html on line 885: Hyperion was, along with his son Helios, a personification of the sun, with the two sometimes identified. John Keats's abandoned epic poem Hyperion is among the literary works that feature the figure.
ellauri198.html on line 889: The poem as usually printed breaks off at this point, in mid-line, with the word "celestial". Keats's friend Richard Woodhouse, transcribing this poem, completed this line as "Celestial Glory dawn'd: he was a god!" Ox, nyet! nyet! The language of Hyperion is very similar to Milton's, in metre and style. However, his characters are quite different. Although Apollo falls into the image of the "Son" from Paradise Lost and of "Jesus" from Paradise Regained, he does not directly confront Hyperion as Satan is confronted. Also, the roles are reversed, and Apollo is deemed as the "challenger" to the throne, who wins it by being more "true" and thus, more "beautiful." Double yawn.
ellauri198.html on line 894: The Triumph of Life was the last major work by Percy Bysshe Shelley before his death in 1822. The work was left unfinished. Shelley wrote the poem at Casa Magni in Lerici, Italy in the early summer of 1822. He modelled the poem, written in terza rima, on Petrarch 's Trionfi and Dante 's Divine Comedy. Siinäkin on julkkixia jossain helvetissä. Kesken jäi. Gäsp.
ellauri198.html on line 902: Of what was once Rousseau—nor this disguise
ellauri198.html on line 917: Pauline: A Fragment of a Confession (also known as Pauline) is the first published poem by Robert Browning. It was written in 1832, and published anonymously in 1833. The poem is the confession of an unnamed poet to his lover, the eponymous woman. It was first reprinted in 1868 with no alterations to the text.
ellauri198.html on line 918: Arthur Symons (n.h.) described the poem as a "sort of spiritual biography" in the way that it describes the feelings and emotions of the poet, rather than the actions. Isobel Armstrong (n.h.) argued that the poem was Browning's attempt to "institutionalize" himself as a Romantic poet. Browning described himself within the poem as "priest and prophet" and therefore gave himself both the meaning and purpose that he was seeking as a young man. Vitun pappi ja profeetta, ansaizisi potkun perseeseen. Tää narsistinen suollos ei kelpaa mihinkään. Ei maxa vaivaa edes siteerata.
ellauri203.html on line 111: Literary critic V. Belinsky was one of the leaders of the westernist movement. He was a convinced atheist. In his understanding, Russia’s transformation would be impossible without eliminating Christianity.
ellauri203.html on line 113: Belinsky preached his socialist-atheist way with such passion that Dostoevsky couldn’t resist. Accepting the socialist teachings of Belinsky, Dostoevsky saw his Christian convictions being shattered. He describes this time as the time of “losing Christ”. “We were infected with the ideas of theoretical socialism of those days!” – Dostoevsky would recall. For his involvement in the antigovernment movement, Dostoevsky was sentenced to capital punishment, which was later replaced with four years of penal labor (Rus. katorga).
ellauri203.html on line 117: Dostoevsky began to understand clearly that Russian society’s greatest problem was not socialism as such but its departure from God. Thus the problem lay not in the social but in the spiritual realm. Socialism was a result of the people’s spiritual condition.
ellauri203.html on line 119: Another problem, which could make matters worse, was the intrusion of the socialist (atheist) teaching mentioned above. From his own experience, Dostoevsky knew the danger and destructiveness of this socialist way, offered by many as the way to reform society. In his letter to M. Pogodin, Dostoevsky writes that ‘socialism and Christianity are antonyms’. Christianity and private enterprise are synonyms. The danger of this way, in Dostoevsky’s opinion, was its negation of God and establishment of a new atheistic society.
ellauri203.html on line 123: He goes on to explain that growth in Christian faith changes Christians themselves and these changes have an effect upon people in society. He was convinced that even without the abolition of serfdom, slavery would disappear because the landlord and the serf would become brothers.
ellauri203.html on line 131: Dostoevsky was a brilliant mind but plagued by his own demons. Married twice, he also had multiple lovers. In addition, for a great portion of his life he was a gambling addict, regularly losing everything he owned and jeopardizing his family thanks to his passion for roulette. His women say he was a nasty customer.
ellauri203.html on line 135: Fyodor Michailovich had such type of personality that everyone enjoyed. He was robbed unmercifully, though due to his kindness and trust, but he wouldn’t want to get into details or rebuke servants that used his carelessness. Fyodor Mikhailovich was a man of limitless kindness. Dostoevsky was especially interested in children and paid attention to cases of child abuse that he heard about. He followed closely the trials of parents accused of child abuse.
ellauri203.html on line 139: One of Dostoevsky’s early memories is a daily prayer with his nanny before going to bed with her, when he was thirteen years of age. “I put all my eggs in Thine basket, Mother of God, keep them in Thy care”. This prayer Dostoevsky loved so much that it became part of the prayers which he read to children at bed time. Also from his early years Dostoevsky listened to Bible stories. Remembering those years, Fyodor Mikhailovich wrote in 1873, “In our family we knew the Gospel almost from earliest childhood.”
ellauri203.html on line 150: The two great writers of the 19th century had completely different ideologies. Ivan Turgenev, author of the novel Fathers and Sons, was a convinced Westernizer and a liberal. Fyodor Dostoyevsky was a conservative nationalist. In his novels The Idiot and The Possessed he preached that liberals had corrupted Russia, leading it to ruin, and that Russia should preserve its own way and Orthodox Christianity.
ellauri203.html on line 152: It’s not surprising that the two authors did not like each other. From his youth Turgenev, a wealthy nobleman, made fun of his lugubrious colleague. In a mocking poem he described Dostoyevsky as a "pimple on the nose of literature." Dostoyevsky didn´t conceal his reciprocal hostility and was indignant that, with all his wealth, Turgenev´s royalties for his publications were four times as high as he was paid.
ellauri203.html on line 154: But the main reason for the quarrels was ideology. "All these wretched liberals find their principal pleasure in abusing Russia," Dostoyevsky wrote in a letter to a friend in 1867, referring to Turgenev´s new novel Smoke. Turgenev by that time was living in France and Dostoyevsky, sarcastically, advised him to buy a telescope as, "otherwise, you can´t really see [Russia] at all". Turgenev was offended.
ellauri203.html on line 156: Turgenev, in turn, was annoyed by Dostoyevsky´s psychological preoccupations and his manner going deep into the dark depths of the human soul. "What a sour smell and hospital stench" and "psychological nitpicking" were some of the phrases he used to describe Dostoyevsky´s novels. By jove he hit it right on the dot.
ellauri203.html on line 215: Fyodor Dostoevsky´s novels mirrored his life: complicated, tense and full of psychological unrest. He was as dedicated to the women that accompanied him on this difficult journey as he was to the novels that he felt compelled to write. Lets explore the great writer’s relationships with his three key hens, Isajeva, Suslova and Snitkina. (There were more, but they were not key.)
ellauri203.html on line 217: Dostoevsky was the only 19th-century Russian writer to be sentenced to hard labor, spending four years in a Siberian camp. As fortune – or misfortune – would have it, when the exhausted novelist was finally released, he encountered the writer Maria Isaeva. The relationship was complicated from the very outset: when they met, Isaeva was married with a young son, and Dostoevsky was forced to wait until her husband passed away before he could publically offer her his wand.
ellauri203.html on line 219: However, this belated first love was not as simple as Dostoevsky had hoped. Isaeva began taunting the writer with letters telling him of her intention to marry one or other wealthy official. Although the pair did ultimately marry, their troubles continued, and the two never settled into a harmonious marriage, with Dostoevsky taking on a role more like a friend or brother to Isaeva, rather than a husband. Mark Slonim, an important Russian scholar, writes in his book The Three Loves of Dostoevsky: “He loved her for all these feelings that she excited in him. For everything that he gave her, for everything that was connected with her. And for all the pains from her.”
ellauri203.html on line 221: The pair were connected by common suffering, rather than fondness, and Dostoevsky was to base the character of Natasha from Humiliated and Insulted (1861) on his first wife. Like Isaeva, Natasha is prone to tormenting her lovers.
ellauri203.html on line 223: Dostoevsky met the young Appolinaria Suslova during one of his public readings. At 42, he was two decades older than her. She was attractive, alluring and shared his literary taste and physical passion. Despite this, he could not give her everything she wanted; as Dostoevsky was still married, he conducted a secret affair with Suslova, but she took other lovers and left him. She returned two years later, but was not the same inexperienced young woman and refused to marry the great writer.
ellauri203.html on line 225: Appolinaria Suslova was perhaps the woman who hurt Dostoevsky most. According to Slonim: “He winced while calling her name, he was in communication with her while married; he always depicted her in his novels. Until his death he remembered her caress and slaps in the face. He was devoted to this seductive, cruel, unfaithful and tragic love.”
ellauri203.html on line 227: Suslova’s impact on Dostoevsky can be felt through all of his novels. We can glimpse her traits in the sacrificial Dunya (Crime and Punishment – 1866), the desperate and passionate Nastassya Filippovna (The Idiot – 1869), the proud and nervous Liza (Demons – 1872). What is more, Polina, the protagonist in The Gambler, was undoubtedly based on Suslova.
ellauri203.html on line 229: Anna Snitkina, who was 25 years Dostoevsky’s junior, was his stenographer during his work on The Gambler. The process of completing the novel engrossed both of them so much that they could not imagine life without each other, marrying in 1867. This particular novel was where Dostoevsky’s three great loves intersected: Appolinaria Suslova formed the basis for its protagonist, it was written as his first wife, Maria Isaeva, passed away, and stenographed by his future wife, Anna Snitkina.
ellauri203.html on line 231: To begin with, Dostoevsky only saw practicality in his marriage to Snitkina: he was in need of stability and confidence in the future. As a result, the union began down to head along the same route as his previous relationships. However, the couple’s extended “honeymoon” abroad, which ended up lasting four years, allowed them to escape Russia’s oppressive atmosphere and try to build a family. It began well: Sonya, a little girl, was born a year after their marriage. Tragedy soon struck, however, when Sonya passed away. The pair went on to have three more children, one of whom also died. They were married for 14 years until Dostoevsky’s death, in which time Snitkina experienced a great deal of anguish brought on by Dostoevsky’s difficult character and lifestyle, namely his jealousy and gambling addiction. However, she remained stoically committed to him and did not remarry after his death, when she was just 35.
ellauri203.html on line 300: Runojen lisäksi Miłosz on kirjoittanut suomennetun kirjan Vangittu mieli (1953), joka kertoo älymystön suhteesta kommunistiseen totalitarismiin. Tästä se palkinto takuulla paukahti eikä Miloszin mitättömistä mieleenjäämättömistä runoista. The Captive Mind was an immediate success (in the West) that brought Miłosz international renown.
ellauri203.html on line 310: "The bestseller book also created the idea, particularly in the West, that I was a political writer. This was a misunderstanding because my poetry was unknown. I have never been a political writer and I worked hard to destroy this image of myself." Kovasta yrittämisestä huolimatta kukaan ei taida lukea sen runoja. Vitun lällyjä ne ovatkin, täytyy vähän terävöittää suomennoxessa:
ellauri203.html on line 473: It was published first in 1866 in the first episode of the new literary magazine Epoch that was launched by Dostoevsky and his brother Mikhail. As we know Turgenev and Dostoevsky were not the best of friends. Turgenev had sent the story to Dostoevsky when he was in Baden Baden. Dostoevsky, however, was too busy playing roulette and returned the story without having read it. Mikhail told him in a letter that that had been a big mistake, because their magazine was sure to be a success if they could have a new Turgenev in the first episode. Dostoevsky proceeded to write an apologetic letter to Turgenev and managed to secure Phantoms for the magazine.
ellauri203.html on line 475: From an 1849 letter to Pauline Viardot we know that the inspiration came from a dream that Turgenev had had. In this dream there was a whitish creature claiming to be his brother Anatoli (Turgenev had two brothers: Nikholai and Sergei). They both turned into birds and flew over the ocean. In another letter Turgenev writes that he was looking for a way to connect several landscape sketches that he had written. He combined the flying with the landscapes and came up with a vampire woman to explain the flying.
ellauri203.html on line 648: Martin, a respected doctor (huoh), his wife Karin, Karin's seventeen year old brother Minus, and widowed father David of Karin and Minus' have convened at the family's summer home on an island off the coast of Sweden to celebrate David's return from the Swiss Alps, where he was substantially completing his latest novel (huoh). The family has long lived a fantasy of they being a loving one, David's extended absences which are the cause of many of the family's problems. Without that parental guidance, Minus is at a confused and vulnerable stage of his life where he is a bundle of repressed emotions, most specifically concerning not feeling loved by his father and concerning the opposite sex (huoh). He is attracted to females as a collective but does not know how to handle blatant female sexuality, especially if it is directed his way. A month earlier Karin was released from a mental institution (huoh). Her doctor has told Martin that the likelihood that she will fully recover from her illness is low, her ultimate fate being that her mental state will disintegrate totally, although she has functioned well since her release. In his love for her, Martin has vowed to himself to see her through whatever she faces. As Karin begins to lose grip on reality, Minus is the one most directly affected, although it does bring out the issues all the men are facing with regard to their interrelationships.
ellauri204.html on line 56: Nun trug es sich einmal zu, daß die goldene Kugel der Königstochter nicht in ihr Händchen fiel, das sie in die Höhe gehalten hatte, sondern vorbei auf die Erde schlug und geradezu ins Wasser hineinrollte. Die Königstochter folgte ihr mit den Augen nach, aber die Kugel verschwand, und der Brunnen war tief, so tief, daß man keinen Grund sah. Da fing sie an zu weinen und weinte immer lauter und konnte sich gar nicht trösten. Und wie sie so klagte, rief ihr jemand zu: "Was hast du vor, Königstochter, du schreist ja, daß sich ein Stein erbarmen möchte." Sie sah sich um, woher die Stimme käme, da erblickte sie einen Frosch, der seinen dicken, häßlichen Kopf aus dem Wasser streckte. "Ach, du bist's, alter Wasserpatscher," sagte sie, "ich weine über meine goldene Kugel, die mir in den Brunnen hinabgefallen ist." - "Sei still und weine nicht," antwortete der Frosch, "ich kann wohl Rat schaffen, aber was gibst du mir, wenn ich dein Spielwerk wieder heraufhole?" - "Was du haben willst, lieber Frosch," sagte sie; "meine Kleider, meine Perlen und Edelsteine, auch noch die goldene Krone, die ich trage." Der Frosch antwortete: "Deine Kleider, deine Perlen und Edelsteine und deine goldene Krone, die mag ich nicht: aber wenn du mich liebhaben willst, und ich soll dein Geselle und Spielkamerad sein, an deinem Tischlein neben dir sitzen, von deinem goldenen Tellerlein essen, aus deinem Becherlein trinken, in deinem Bettlein schlafen: wenn du mir das versprichst, so will ich hinuntersteigen und dir die goldene Kugel wieder heraufholen." - "Ach ja," sagte sie, "ich verspreche dir alles, was du willst, wenn du mir nur die Kugel wieder bringst." Sie dachte aber: Was der einfältige Frosch schwätzt! Der sitzt im Wasser bei seinesgleichen und quakt und kann keines Menschen Geselle sein.
ellauri204.html on line 58: Der Frosch, als er die Zusage erhalten hatte, tauchte seinen Kopf unter, sank hinab, und über ein Weilchen kam er wieder heraufgerudert, hatte die Kugel im Maul und warf sie ins Gras. Die Königstochter war voll Freude, als sie ihr schönes Spielwerk wieder erblickte, hob es auf und sprang damit fort. "Warte, warte," rief der Frosch, "nimm mich mit, ich kann nicht so laufen wie du!" Aber was half es ihm, daß er ihr sein Quak, Quak so laut nachschrie, als er konnte! Sie hörte nicht darauf, eilte nach Hause und hatte bald den armen Frosch vergessen, der wieder in seinen Brunnen hinabsteigen mußte.
ellauri204.html on line 60: Am andern Tage, als sie mit dem König und allen Hofleuten sich zur Tafel gesetzt hatte und von ihrem goldenen Tellerlein aß, da kam, plitsch platsch, plitsch platsch, etwas die Marmortreppe heraufgekrochen, und als es oben angelangt war, klopfte es an die Tür und rief: "Königstochter, jüngste, mach mir auf!" Sie lief und wollte sehen, wer draußen wäre, als sie aber aufmachte, so saß der Frosch davor. Da warf sie die Tür hastig zu, setzte sich wieder an den Tisch, und es war ihr ganz angst. Der König sah wohl, daß ihr das Herz gewaltig klopfte, und sprach: "Mein Kind, was fürchtest du dich, steht etwa ein Riese vor der Tür und will dich holen?" - "Ach nein," antwortete sie, "es ist kein Riese, sondern ein garstiger Frosch." - "Was will der Frosch von dir?" - "Ach, lieber Vater, als ich gestern im Wald bei dem Brunnen saß und spielte, da fiel meine goldene Kugel ins Wasser. Und weil ich so weinte, hat sie der Frosch wieder heraufgeholt, und weil er es durchaus verlangte, so versprach ich ihm, er sollte mein Geselle werden; ich dachte aber nimmermehr, daß er aus seinem Wasser herauskönnte. Nun ist er draußen und will zu mir herein." Und schon klopfte es zum zweitenmal und rief:
ellauri204.html on line 64: Weißt du nicht, was gestern

ellauri204.html on line 74: Und als sie ein Stück Wegs gefahren waren, hörte der Königssohn, daß es hinter ihm krachte, als wäre etwas zerbrochen. Da drehte er sich um und rief:
ellauri204.html on line 81: Als Ihr eine Fretsche (Frosch) wast (wart)."
ellauri204.html on line 333: The most well-known mythopoetic text is Bly’s Iron John: A Book About Men which was published in 1990. Bly suggests that masculine energy has been diluted through modern social institutions, industrialisation, and the resulting separation of fathers from family life. He introduced the ‘wild man’ and urged men to recover a pre-industrial conception of masculinity through brotherhood with other men. The purpose was to foster a greater understanding of the forces influencing the roles of men in modern society and how these changes affect behaviour, self-awareness and identity.
ellauri204.html on line 342: “So saying, Argeiphontes gave me the herb, drawing it from the ground, and showed me its nature. At the root it was black, but its flower was like milk. [305] Moly the gods call it, and it is hard for mortal men to dig; but with the gods all things are possible. Hermes then departed to high Olympus through the wooded isle, and I went my way to the house of Circe, and many things did my heart darkly ponder as I went. [310] So I stood at the gates of the fair-tressed goddess. There I stood and called, and the goddess heard my voice. Straightway then she came forth, and opened the bright doors, and bade me in; and I went with her, my heart sore troubled. She brought me in and made me sit on a silver-studded chair, [315] a beautiful chair, richly wrought, and beneath was a foot-stool for the feet. And she prepared me a potion in a golden cup, that I might drink, and put therein a drug, with evil purpose in her heart. But when she had given it me, and I had drunk it off, yet was not bewitched, she smote me with her wand, and spoke, and addressed me: [320] ‘Begone now to the sty, and lie with the rest of thy comrades.’ “So she spoke, but I, drawing my sharp sword from between my thighs, rushed upon Circe, as though I would slay her. But she, with a loud cry, ran beneath, and clasped my knees, and with wailing she spoke to me winged words: [325] “‘Who art thou among men, and from whence? Where is thy city, and where thy parents? Amazement holds me that thou hast drunk this charm and wast in no wise bewitched. For no man else soever hath withstood this charm, when once he has drunk it, and it has passed the barrier of his teeth. Nay, but the mind in thy breast is one not to be beguiled. [330] Surely thou art Odysseus, the man of ready device, who Argeiphontes of the golden wand ever said to me would come hither on his way home from Troy with his swift, black ship. Nay, come, put up thy sword in this here sheath, and let us two then go up into my bed, that couched together [335] in love we may put trust in each other.’ “So she spoke, but I answered her, and said:‘Circe, how canst thou bid me be gentle to thee, who hast turned my comrades into swine in thy halls, and now keepest me here, and with guileful purpose biddest me [340] go to thy chamber, and go up into thy bed, that when thou hast me stripped thou mayest render me a weakling and unmanned? Nay, verily, it is not I that shall be fain to go up into thy bed, unless thou, goddess, wilt consent to swear a mighty oath that thou wilt not plot against me any fresh mischief to my hurt.’
ellauri204.html on line 344: If you thought that a visit to the brothel district was going to be fun and sexy, the “Circe” episode’s opening stage directions quickly dispel you of that notion by establishing the unseemly setting of Joyce’s Nighttown. The tracks are “skeleton,” the signals warn of “danger,” the houses are “grimy,” the men are “stunted,” and the women “squabble” about price. Indeed, Encyclopaedia Britannica in 1885 labeled this part of Dublin “the worst slum in Europe”. Located in east Dublin between Montgomery Street and Tyrone (né Mecklenburgh) Street, Nighttown is an ugly place filled with unsavory people. Moly (ei Molly) yrtti oli luultavasti valkosipuli. Bloomin mielixeen kengittämän hoidon hampaat haisi valkosipulilta.
ellauri204.html on line 348: Bly recognised that these men were also distinguished by their unhappiness, which he asserted was caused by this passivity. He aimed to teach these men that simply "flashing the sword" was by no means an act of war, but showed what he called ‘a joyful decisiveness’, a sense of vivid aliveness. It was more like flashing their wieners.
ellauri204.html on line 357: The Fifth Direction was founded in 2017 by Meditation Australia president Asher Packman, who passionately believes in the re-emergence of the mythopoetic, after the movement went largely underground in the early 2000s.
ellauri204.html on line 367: Für Christa Siegert ist Eisenhans der Wille, der im Käfig der Gebote kultiviert wird, aber unfrei bleibt. Frei kann er der begreifenden Seele das Vollkommene reichen, die sich aber daran verletzt und das geistige Lebenswasser egoistisch einsetzt. Wilhelm Salber sieht eine Dialektik zwischen verschlingendem Einheitspfuhl und lebender Entwicklung. Nach dem Schema vom verlorenen Sohn suche man „Revolte und Dennoch-geliebt-Werden, Gefahr und treue Rettung im letzten Augenblick zu verbinden.“ Edith Helene Dörre vergleicht Der Eisenhans mit der Heilkraft des Aquamarin (wieso?). Psychotherapeut Jobst Finke denkt auch an Sagengestalten wie Rübezahl und sieht die Entwicklung des weltfremd erzogenen Knaben zum starken Ritter durch väterlichen Beistand und Identifikation. Der Text half einem vaterlos aufgewachsenen, wenig durchsetzungsfähigen Angestellten, seine Konflikterfahrungen zu verbalisieren.
ellauri204.html on line 378: Das Königspaar trauert um seinen Sohn, doch dem ergeht es bei dem Eisenhans nicht schlecht. Er muss einen wundersamen Brunnen bewachen und aufpassen, dass nichts hineinfällt, denn sonst wäre der Brunnen entehrt. Einmal kann der Junge seine Neugier nicht zügeln und steckt einen Finger ins Wasser. Als er ihn wieder herauszieht ist er vergoldet, was sich vor dem Eisenhans nicht verbergen lässt. Der warnt ihn, in Zukunft besser aufzupassen. Etwas später fällt ein Haar vom Kopf des Jungen in den Brunnen. Der Eisenhans verzeiht ihm ein zweites Mal, doch als bald darauf der ganze Haarschopf seines Zöglings vergoldet ist, weil der sein Gesicht im Wasserspiegel betrachtet hat und dabei das lange Haar ins Wasser geglitten ist, schickt ihn der Eisenhans fort. Er bleibt ihm aber gewogen und verspricht, dem Jüngling zu Hilfe zu kommen, wenn er in Not ist und seinen Namen ruft.
ellauri204.html on line 387: Die Königstochter gibt den Hinweis, beim Gärtner nach dem Ritter zu suchen. Der weiß zwar nichts von einem Ritter mit goldenen Haaren, jedoch habe sein Gehilfe seinen Kindern drei goldene Äpfel gezeigt, die er angeblich bei einem Turnier gewonnen hat. Zur Rede gestellt offenbart der Gärtnerbursche schließlich, dass er der Sohn eines Königs ist. Er bittet um die Hand der Königstochter, was diese selbst und der ebenso der Vater ohne Umschweife gewähren. Zur Hochzeitsfeier erscheinen die Eltern des Goldjungen, die ihren Sohn längst tot glaubten, sowie auch ein fremder König mit großem Gefolge. Dies ist der Eisenhans, der durch die Tapferkeit des Goldjungen von einem bösen Zauber erlöst wurde.
ellauri204.html on line 576: He returned 1955 to America after a year in Europe to pursue a doctoral degree at Yale University, where he studied under Erich Auerbach. Auerbach would prove to be a lasting influence on Jameson's thought. This was already apparent in Jameson's doctoral dissertation, published in 1961 as Sartre: the Origins of a Style. Auerbach's concerns were rooted in the German philological tradition; his works on the history of style analyzed literary form within social history. Jameson would follow in these steps, examining the articulation of poetry, history, philology, and philosophy in the works of nauseous Jean-Paul Sartre.
ellauri204.html on line 582: While the Orthodox Marxist view of ideology held that the cultural "superstructure" was completely determined by the economic "base", the other Western Marxists gave more than a little finger back to Hegel and the power of "powerful ideas". Jamesons ideologeme was a near synonym to meme.
ellauri204.html on line 584: Douze points to Jameson for showing middle finger to postmodernism. Sehän on selvää sumutusta, kapitalismin siirtomaatavarakaupan savuverhoa. In his view, postmodernity's merging of all discourse into an undifferentiated whole was the result of the colonization of the cultural sphere, which had retained at least partial autonomy during the prior modernist era, by a newly organized corporate capitalism. Nimenomaan niin!
ellauri204.html on line 678: Anne Sexton (born Anne Gray Harvey; November 9, 1928 – October 4, 1974) was an American poet known for her highly personal, confessional verse. She won the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1967 for her book Live or Die. Her poetry details her long battle with depression, suicidal tendencies, and intimate details from her private life, including relationships with her husband and children, whom it was later alleged she physically and sexually assaulted.
ellauri204.html on line 680: Sexton suffered from severe bipolar disorder for much of her life, her first manic episode taking place in 1954. After a second episode in 1955 she met Dr. Martin Orne, who became her long-term therapist at the Glenside Hospital. It was Orne who encouraged her to write poetry.
ellauri204.html on line 688: Sexton was heavily criticized for her poetic content and themes, but these topics contributed to the popularity of her work. Transformations (1971) is a revisionary retelling of Grimm's Fairy Tales. Check If der eiserne Hans is included.
ellauri204.html on line 704: Antoine Marie Joseph Paul Artaud, better known as Antonin Artaud, was a French writer, poet, dramatist, visual artist, essayist, actor and theatre director. He is widely recognized as one of the major figures of the European avant-garde. In particular, he had a profound influence on twentieth-century theatre through his conceptualization of the Theatre of Cruelty. Known for his raw, surreal and transgressive work, his texts explored themes from the cosmologies of ancient cultures, philosophy, the occult, mysticism and indigenous Mexican practices. Hirveää scheissea.
ellauri204.html on line 727: Ranskassa Artaudilla diagnosoitiin skitsofrenia, ja hän vietti seuraavat yhdeksän vuotta mielisairaaloissa ainakin Rodezissa ja Ivry-sur-Seinessä. Artaudin mukaan hän tunsi sairauden myötä menettäneensä identiteettinsä, sillä hän tuli tietoiseksi tavallisesti tiedostamattomista kehon toiminnoista. Hän juuttui painajaiseen, jossa tiedosti lihaksensa, luunsa ja mahansa, jonka toiminnot pitivät samanlaista läpsytystä kuin lippu myrskyssä. Hän hahmotti kätensä ja jalkansa kuin verisinä vanuina, etäisinä ja väärissä paikoissa olevina. Artaud lopetti kirjoittamisen ja piirtämisen pitkäksi aikaa mutta aloitti uudelleen sähköhoidon jälkeen. Anttonin suuta oli lähes mahdoton tukkia. Yllättävää sikäli että Anttoni koitti vapauttaa teatteria sanataiteen kahleista. Nimi "kohti kriittistä teatteria" oli ihan väärä, A. oli täysin kritiikitön ja epäpoliittinen oikispaskiainen. Artaud was not into politics at all, writing things like: 'I shit on Marxism.'
ellauri204.html on line 791: Today, at the New York University Woolworth building, filmmakers, NGO staff, foundation representatives and UN agency workers came together to discuss the problem of poverty porn and the potential power of social media to prevent it. The discussion was conducted privately (in accord with so-called Chatham House rules) in order to protect the identity of the participants and encourage a more honest conversation.
ellauri205.html on line 51: Eurooppaa pidetään useimmissa historiallisissa lähteissä Tyron kuninkaan Agenorin kauniina tyttärenä (vrt. Iisebel); äitinsä nimi on yleensä Telia tai Elisa. Isänsä kautta Eurooppa on Poseidonin tyttärentytär ja myös nymfi Io:n jälkeläinen. Sources differ in details regarding Europa's family, but agree that she is Phoenician, and from an Argive lineage that ultimately descended from the princess Io, the mythical nymph beloved of Putin, who was transformed into a heifer.
ellauri205.html on line 96: Tuulessa heiluvia puita on hiljattain ollut ainaskin siinä japsujen Äidit leffassa plus siinä Frantz nimisessä pätkässä missä joku sakemannin suursodassa ampunut ranskis tuli pyytämään sen omaisilta niskalaukausta anteexi. Which in turn was based on Maurice Rostand's 1930 French play L'homme que j'ai tué..
ellauri205.html on line 126: She wasn't sure
ellauri206.html on line 63: The concept is often attributed to Russian playwright Anton Chekhov, reputed to have said "Don't tell me the moon is shining; show me the glint of light on broken glass." What Chekhov actually said, in a letter to his brother, was "In descriptions of Nature one must seize on small details, grouping them so that when the reader closes his eyes he gets a picture. For instance, you’ll have a moonlit night if you write that on the mill dam a piece of glass from a broken bottle glittered like a bright little star, and that the black shadow of a dog or a wolf rolled past like a ball."
ellauri206.html on line 65: Its having become, by the mid-twentieth century, an important element in Anglo-Saxon narratological theory, according to dramatist and author Arthur E. Krows, the American dramatist Mark Swan told Krows about the playwriting motto "Show – not tell" on an occasion during the 1910s. In 1921, the same distinction, but in the form picture-versus-drama, was utilized in a chapter of Percy Lubbock's analysis of fiction, The Craft of Fiction. In 1927, Swan published a playwriting manual that made prominent use of the showing-versus-telling distinction throughout.
ellauri206.html on line 71: In 2017, Vietnamese-American writer Viet Thanh Nguyen (n.h.) questioned the validity of continuing to teach "show, don't tell" in creative writing classes in a New York Times op-ed on the subject. His position was that such teaching is biased against immigrant writers, who may describe emotions in ways readers from outside their culture might not understand, rendering "tell" necessary. Like the squeaky smiley that shows just raised eyebrows and no smiling mouth. Because a smile does not count for anything out there. Everybody smiles all the time.
ellauri206.html on line 81: One of the best-known modern studies of mimesis—understood in literature as a form of realism—is Erich Auerbach's Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature, which opens with a famous comparison between the way the world is represented in Homer's Odyssey and the way it appears in the Bible. Eric thought the Bible way was way better in all respects. But he was a Jew, so surprise surprise.
ellauri206.html on line 95: Sleazy Capital News (Hufvudstadsbladet) in its optimistically titled two-column report "This is how we avoid global warming" left out 2/5 of Gutierres energy recommendations. Only increases in investmets got a mention. What was left out? Well these:
ellauri206.html on line 149: was-injured-losing-both-arms-in-a-missile-attack-on-his-home-in-2003-which-killed-13-members-of-his-family-leaving-him-an-orphan-subsequently-he-became-a-british-citizen-in-2010-the-iraq-war-began-10-years-ago-this-week-photograph-taken-on-march-17-2013-reuterspaul-hackett-britain-tags-military-politics-society-sport-soccer-conflict-2E6A949.jpg" />
ellauri206.html on line 211: Riku ei pysty aikuistumaan edes kirveellä. Siitä on noloa olla eno, se on kuin pukeutuisi porokuvioiseen neuletakkiin. When the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam (may Allah exalt his mention) was asked: “Which sin is the greatest?” He sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam (may Allah exalt his mention) said: “To set up rivals for Allah, your Creator.” It is said: ‘Thereafter?’ He sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam (may Allah exalt his mention) answered: “To kill your children for fear of eating with you (i.e. fear of want). It is said: ‘Then, which is next?’ The Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam (may Allah exalt his mention) said: “To have sex with your neighbor's wife.”
ellauri207.html on line 87: informs readers that it was published by Harvard University Press, the book has been impossible to find. Until now. We’re very excited to announce the long-awaited publication of Parnault’s Dimensions in Mathematics.
ellauri207.html on line 172: Näistä on ehkä kädellinen ennestään tuttuja. Vinosuinen Michael Douglas näyttää olevan aika veijari. Douglas and Zeta-Jones hosted the annual Nobel Peace Prize concert in Oslo, Norway, on December 11, 2003. In August 2014, Douglas was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September´s referendum on that issue.
ellauri207.html on line 174: Michael Douglas, son of Kirk Douglas, was accused of masturbating in front of an employee. To the claim that he masturbated in front of her, Douglas said, "This is a complete lie, fabrication, no truth to it whatsoever." He will again reprise his role in the upcoming film Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania (2023).
ellauri207.html on line 176: Douglas was not raised with a religious affiliation, but stated in January 2015, that he now identifies as a Reform Jew. Douglas strongly supports the #MeToo movement.In June 2013, Douglas told The Guardian that his type of lip cancer is caused by the human papilloma virus transmitted by cunnilingus.
ellauri207.html on line 182: Catherine Zeta-Jones was born on 25 September 1969 in Swansea, Wales, to David Jones, the owner of a sweet factory, and his wife Patricia (née Fair), a seamstress. Her father is Welsh and her mother is of Irish Catholic descent. She was named after her grandmother, Zeta Jones (whose name was derived from the name of a ship that her great-grandfather once sailed on), because 'Just Jones' would not cut the cheese in showbiz. Zeta-Jones was raised in the suburban area of Mumbles.Her struggle with depression and bipolar II disorder has been well documented by the media, for she is married to sex addicted actor Michael Douglas, son of Kirk, whose name used to be Issur Danielovitch Demsky. Michael is 25 years her senior but a wizard with cunnilingus.
ellauri207.html on line 236: Lilya 4-ever is a 2002 crime drama film written and directed by Lukas Moodysson, which was released in Sweden on 23 August 2002. It depicts the downward spiral of Lilja Michailova, played by Oksana Akinshina, a girl in the former Soviet Union whose mother abandons her to move to the United States.
ellauri207.html on line 323: Robb Elementary teaches second through fourth grades and had 535 students in the 2020-21 school year, according to state data. About 90% of students are Hispanic and about 81% are economically disadvantaged, the data shows. Thursday was set to be the last day of school before the summer break.
ellauri207.html on line 327: Turning the sad incident unfairly into an issue of gun control legislation, Biden implored law enforcement officers to "turn this pain in the ass into pump action" as he ticked through some of the mass shootings since the 2012 massacre at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut, when he was vice president.
ellauri207.html on line 351: Oh, come off it. That surly cunt of yours is squirming like a snake. Zalachenko about Lisbeth Salander, his own daughter. He was portrayed by Georgi Staykov. Sanokaas, onko tällänen sievää puhetta? Kysyn taas: mix niin monet tykkää just tälläsestä? Koska ne on apinoita.
ellauri207.html on line 353: Alexander Zalachenko alias Karl Axel Bodin was Lisbeth Salander's father and a violent criminal. He's an ex-Russian spy who defecated to Sweden in the 1970s. In Sweden, he fathered Salander and her twin-sister Camilla Salander. He never married Salander´s mother, Agneta Salander, but he returned periodically to rape and beat her. He was a Putinist.
ellauri207.html on line 355: Born in Stalingrad in 1940, Zalachenko was orphaned when he was a year old when his parents died in the Second World War. He grew up in the Russian military. When he defecated to Sweden he changed his name to Karl Axel Bodin. It is said that Sweden was his country of choice because there are few Jews in Sweden. Why? There are fewer yet in Finland.
ellauri210.html on line 50: William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 – June 5, 1910), better known by his pen name O. Henry, was an American short story writer. Amerikkalainen pikkukonna ja pakinoizija joka hyvin amerikkalaisittain yhdisti nämä ammatit, tehden kahta työtä rinnakkain. Sen mielikirja oli Burtonin Anatomy of Melancholy. Nuorena se vietti aikaa Texasissa päästäkseen pahasta yskästä. Yskä parani mutta jano paheni. Se nai kauniin mutta tubisen vaimon vastoin perheen tahtoa. Sen poika kuoli synnytyksessä
ellauri210.html on line 78: His best known play The Playboy of the Western World was poorly received, due to its bleak ending, demeaning depiction of Irish bloody peasants, and idealisation of parricide, leading to hostile audience reactions and riots in Dublin.
ellauri210.html on line 123: Moreover, Freud (1960) followed Herbert Spencer's ideas of energy being conserved, bottled up, and then released like so much steam venting to avoid an explosion. Sixi porukat raivon sijasta joskus räjähtävät nauramaan. Freud was imagining psychic or emotional energy, and this idea is now thought of as the relief theory of laughter. Lisää aiheesta albumissa 30.
ellauri210.html on line 324:

Picasso's first word was piz.
ellauri210.html on line 325:

Pablo's first picture was a of a picador.
ellauri210.html on line 327:

Picasso was a Terrible Student
ellauri210.html on line 328:

Picasso's First Job was at a Dealer
ellauri210.html on line 329:

He Stole the Mona Lisa. No it was Kotro.
ellauri210.html on line 330:

He came up with cubism. No it was Braque.
ellauri210.html on line 331:

Picasso claimed "Paul Cézanne was my one and only master." No it was dad.
ellauri210.html on line 333:

Picasso was a prolific artist. What fun.
ellauri210.html on line 334:

Picasso did his own iconic striped shirt. No it was Coco Chanel.
ellauri210.html on line 335:

Picasso was the first artist to receive a 90-year retrospective exhibition. And the last.
ellauri210.html on line 336:

Picasso was a poet and a playwright.
ellauri210.html on line 337: Picasso predicted he'd be known more for his poetry than his paintings. He was wrong.
ellauri210.html on line 338:

Picasso was buried on a whim in 1958 in the village of Vauvenargues. V:n markiisi Luc kirjoitti maxiimeja 1700-luvulla.
ellauri210.html on line 361: Arthur Cravan, the Dadaist poet-boxer, was neither a good poet nor a good boxer, but he was a legendary provocateur. Hemingway, Mailer, and Scorsese: much great American art has been inspired by boxing. How bout Irving? No he was a wrestler. Between 1907 and 1909, Saul Bellow created three paintings—Club Night, Stag at Sharkey’s, Both Members of This Club—that captured boxing’s glories and indignities. The sport provided a powerfully visceral metaphor for the American experience of the twentieth century. Amerikan nyrkki on sittemmin kumauttanut päähän useampia kansoja kuin kehtaa muistella.
ellauri210.html on line 365: One of them was the Swiss enema Arthur Cravan. Described by one critic as “a world tramp … a traverser of borders and resister of orders,” Cravan traveled the globe in the early 1900s by forging documents and assuming false identities, preening, harassing, and haranguing, as he went. He was hailed by André Breton as a pivotal precursor of Dadaism, and belonged to that category of floating prewar avant-gardists whose legacy resides more in their mode of living than their artistic creations. Indeed, he declared himself anti-art and avowed boxing to be the ultimate creative expression of the modern, American-tinged age. He’s often referred to as a “poet-boxer,” though he wasn’t especially accomplished as either; his real talent appears to have been making a spectacle of himself, in every sense. Publicist rather than a pugilist.
ellauri210.html on line 367: Cravan’s real name was Fabian Avenarius Lloyd; he adopted myriad pseudonyms and aliases during his short life. He was born in Switzerland, in 1887, to Irish and British parents with whom he had a tumultuous relationship, though he was immensely proud of his aunt Constancez, who was Oscar Wilde’s wife. In his early teens, Cravan came to regard the familial link to the world’s most disreputable genius as proof that he was destined for a life of fabulous infamy.
ellauri210.html on line 369: That journey began in 1903 when, aged sixteen, he was kicked out of his boarding school for an egregious act of indiscipline—according to some, he hit a teacher—and, inspired by his hero Arthur Rimbaud, he left Switzerland in search of adventure. Over the next several years, Cravan took up with hookers in Berlin, hoboed his way from New York to California, and worked in the engine room of a steamship bound for the South Pacific, jumping ship when it docked in Australia. But it was in Paris that the legend of the man we know as Arthur Cravan—writer, brawler, and hoaxer—was cemented. Within the space of six years, he scandalized polite society, infuriated the avant-garde, slugged it out with one of the greatest heavyweights of all time, and then disappeared without a trace.
ellauri210.html on line 371: When Jack Johnson fled racially motivated prosecution in the U.S. in 1913, he arrived in Paris to a hero’s welcome. After he’d beaten Jim Jeffries to become the first black heavyweight champion of the world in 1910, he’d been tarred as a threat to social order back home. A film of the fight had been a hit in France but was banned in America for fear that images of a black man schooling a white man in the ring would cause grave insult and incite sedition.
ellauri210.html on line 373: By the time Johnson arrived in Paris, Cravan had carved out a reputation as a boxer himself, a discipline he first picked up while traveling across the USA. He was also known as an ardent proponent of the “American” attitude toward life, by which he meant living according to desire and instinct, and telling so-called civilized society to take a running jump. In an essay titled “To Be or Not To Be … American,” he wrote that, thanks to the influence of cakewalk dancers, track athletes, and boxers such as Joe Jeanette, the whole of Paris had turned American. “Overnight,” Cravan said, “everyone began to spit and swear” and “floated around in clothes two sizes too big for them.” He finished the piece with a crib sheet for how to pass as American: “Chew … never speak … always look busy … and, above all else, crown yourself with arrogance.” It was advice he followed assiduously. How right, how true, to this day.
ellauri210.html on line 375: John Sholto Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry (20 July 1844 – 31 January 1900), was a British nobleman, remembered for his atheism, his outspoken views, his brutish manner, for lending his name to the "Queensberry Rules" that form the basis of modern boxing, and for his role in the downfall of the Irish author and playwright Oscar Wilde.
ellauri210.html on line 379: At the height of his fame and success, while The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was still being performed in London, Wilde prosecuted the Marquess of Queensberry for criminal libel. The Marquess was the father of Wilde's lover, Lord Alfred Douglas. The libel trial unearthed evidence that caused Wilde to drop his charges and led to his own arrest and trial for gross indecency with men. After two more trials he was convicted and sentenced to two years' hard labour, the maximum penalty, and was jailed from 1895 to 1897. During his last year in prison, he wrote De Profundis (published posthumously in 1905), a long letter which discusses his spiritual journey through his trials, forming a dark counterpoint to his earlier philosophy of pleasure. On his release, he left immediately for France, and never returned to Ireland or Britain. There he wrote his last work, The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898), a long poem commemorating the harsh rhythms of prison life. What an opportunity for a man of his caliber, one would have thought.
ellauri210.html on line 381: In the summer of 1914, Cravan began another phase of wandering. In 1916, he found himself in Barcelona where he somehow managed to book himself a high-profile fight against Jack Johnson. Johnson was in the midst of a celebrated stay in Spain, during which he was received by royalty and starred in movies. Photographs from the fight give some idea of the scale of the event, which was held at Barcelona’s huge bullfighting arena La Monumental. What the photos don’t convey is what a mismatch the fight was. Even a ring-rusty, thirty-eight-year-old Johnson was leagues ahead of Cravan. Johnson won with a sixth-round knockout, though it could’ve been over much sooner had he wished it. There are reports that Cravan shook with fear before the contest began, knowing how out of his depth he was. One writer has suggested that “Johnson and Cravan were more collaborators than competitors,” and that the event was a con, just a hype-fueled payday for an aging legend and a flamboyant interloper with no credible chance of a win—the Mayweather-McGregor of its day. Olikos tää se mazi josta toinen nyrkkipelle Heminwau kirjoitti siinä sonniromaanissa?
ellauri210.html on line 383: The money Cravan earned from the Johnson fight helped him buy his passage out of Europe, and what he thought was safety from the war. In January 1917, he sailed for New York. Dozens of other European artists and intellectuals were making the same journey at the time; one of Cravan’s shipmates was Leon Trotsky, who noted in his diary that he’d met a man who claimed to be related to Oscar Wilde and “who frankly declared that he would rather smash a Yankee’s face in the noble art of boxing than be done in by a German.” Cravan didn’t stay in New York long; just long enough to put several noses metsphorically out of joint. He split his time between sleeping rough in Central Park and hobnobbing with Greenwich Village bohemians. Among them was the poet Mina Loy, with whom Cravan began an intense love affair.
ellauri210.html on line 385: New York’s first encounter with modern art had come four years earlier with the seminal Armory Show, at which Duchamp’s Nude Descending a Staircase caused an almighty rumpus. This time, Duchamp presented Fountain, the urinal that changed art history. Having witnessed Cravan’s work back in Paris, Duchamp and Picabia invited Cravan to deliver one of his anti-art lectures at the exhibition. He didn’t disappoint. On the day, he stood half cut in front of his audience, swore at them, waved his cock around, and was promptly arrested.
ellauri210.html on line 387: Loy referred to Cravan as “Colossus.” It was a reference to the size of his ego as much as that of his "physicality". In her autobiography, she recalled that friends thought her mad to get mixed up with such a conceited, obnoxious prig.
ellauri210.html on line 388: While Loy traveled on a hospital ship, Cravan decided he would make the journey via a dilapidated old boat. He set sail from the port town of Salina Cruz in November, and was never seen or heard from again.
ellauri210.html on line 585: „Ich fürchte, dass es mit mir und Kurtchen Hiller nicht mehr lange währen wird. Es ist nicht zu sagen, was dieser arme Homosaxone sich an Hysterie, Verfolgungswahn, Eitelkeit, Empfindlichkeit, Anmaßung und Geschmacklosigkeit brieflich leistet.“
ellauri210.html on line 589: „Demokratie heißt: Herrschaft jeder empirischen Mehrheit; wer wollte bestreiten, daß die Mehrheit des italienischen Volkes seit langem treu hinter Mussolini steht? […] Mussolini, man sehe sich ihn an, ist kein Kaffer, kein Mucker, kein Sauertopf, wie die Prominenten der linksbürgerlichen und bürgerlich-sozialistischen Parteien Frankreichs und Deutschlands und anderer Länder des Kontinents es in der Mehrzahl der Fälle sind; er hat Kultur. […] Wenn ich mich genau prüfe, ist mir Mussolini, dessen Politik ich weder als Deutscher noch als Pazifist noch als Sozialist ihrem Inhalt nach billigen kann, als formaler Typus des Staatsmannes deshalb so sympathisch, weil er das Gegenteil eines Verdrängers ist. Ein weltfroh-eleganter Energiekerl, Sportskerl, Mordskerl, Renaissancekerl, intellektuell, doch mit gemäßigt-reaktionären Inhalten, ist mir lieber, ich leugne es nicht, als ein gemäßigt-linker Leichenbitter, der im Endeffekt auch nichts hervorbringt, was den Mächten der Beharrung irgend Abbruch tut.“
ellauri210.html on line 753: Alongside him lay the naked body of another French soldier. André Breton believed his death to be a suicide (LOL). He was known for his indifference and for wearing a monocle.
ellauri210.html on line 784: Ja vielä 1 Tanguy: Tanguy is a 2001 French black comedy by Étienne Chatiliez. When he was a newborn baby, Edith Guetz thoughtlessly told her son Tanguy : "If you want to, you can stay at home forever". 28 years later, the over-educated university teacher of Asian languages and womanizer leads a successful and wealthy life... while still living in his parents' home. Father Paul Guetz longs to see his son finally leave the nest, a desire that his wife shares. Edith finally agrees and the pair unite to make Tanguy's life at home miserable. However, they don't know that Tanguy isn't the type of guy who easily gives up. The word Tanguy became the usual term to designate an adult still living with his parents.
ellauri210.html on line 831: The word “Dada” brings to mind an international range of extreme modernist antics. The book’s title is something of a publicist’s misnomer. Jacques Rigaut is the only confirmed suicide among the group, and while Jacques Vache did die of a drug overdose, many, including author Michel Leiris, claimed that his death was accidental, characterized as deliberate by those aiming to enhance Vache’s cultural cache. Arthur Cravan and Julian Torma simply disappeared, wandering into, rather than jumping towards, the cracks of avant-garde history. Of the four only Rigaut is genuinely obsessed with themes of self-destruction.
ellauri210.html on line 839: Rigaut — a drug addict, gigolo, dandy, man-about-town — was a cult figure in Paris, a status that intensified when he was made the subject of Louis Malle’s brilliant 1966 film Le Feu Follet.
ellauri210.html on line 841: On November 6, 1929, he returned to a clinic where he was staying and — according to Andre Breton — “after paying minute attention to his toilette, and carrying out all the necessary external adjustments demanded of such a departure” — calmly put a bullet through his heart. Not his head like Richard Cory, who had everything a man could want: power, grace and style.
ellauri210.html on line 850: "Richard Cory" is a narrative poem written by Edwin Arlington Robinson. It was first published in 1897, as part of The Children of the Night, having been completed in July of that year; and it remains one of Robinson's most popular and anthologized poems. The poem describes a person who is wealthy, well educated, mannerly, and admired by the people in his town. Despite all this, he takes his own life.
ellauri210.html on line 852: So my mind was filled with wonder when the evening headlines read
ellauri210.html on line 1109: Mary Leonora Carrington OBE (6 April 1917 – 25 May 2011) was a British-born Mexican artist, surrealist painter, and novelist. She lived most of her adult life in Mexico City and was one of the last surviving participants in the surrealist movement of the 1930s. Carrington was also a founding member of the women's liberation movement in Mexico during the 1970s.
ellauri210.html on line 1111: Educated by governesses, tutors, and nuns, she was expelled from two schools, including New Hall School, Chelmsford, for her rebellious behaviour, until her family sent her to Florence, where she attended Mrs Penrose's Academy of Art. She also, briefly, attended St Mary's convent school in Ascot. In 1927, at the age of ten, she saw her first Surrealist painting in a Left Bank gallery in Paris and later met many Surrealists, including Paul Éluard. Her father opposed her career as an artist, but her mother encouraged her. She returned to England and was presented at Court, but according to her, she brought a copy of Aldous Huxley's Eyeless in Gaza (1936) to read instead.
ellauri210.html on line 1113: In 1936 Carrington saw the work of the German surrealist Max Ernst at the International Surrealist Exhibition in London and was attracted to the Surrealist artist before she even met him. In 1937 Carrington met Ernst at a party held in London. The artists bonded and returned together to Paris, where Ernst promptly separated from his wife.
ellauri210.html on line 1117: With the outbreak of World War II Ernst, who was German, was arrested by the French authorities for being a "hostile alien". Soon after the Nazis invaded France, Ernst was arrested again, this time by the Gestapo, because his art was considered by the Nazis to be "degenerate". Fucking West and East Germans, same huns and hyenas on both sides!
ellauri210.html on line 1119: After Ernst's arrest Carrington was devastated and her delusions led to a psychotic break and she was admitted into an asylum. Three years after being released from the asylum and with the encouragement of André Breton, Carrington wrote about her psychotic experience in her memoir Down Below. Nyrkissä Leonora kokkasi Andrelle hyviä sapuskoita.
ellauri210.html on line 1122: Carrington was adopted as a femme-enfant by the Surrealists because of her rebelliousness against her upper-class upbringing. Carrington was interested in presenting female sexuality as she experienced it, rather than as that of male surrealists' characterization of female sexuality. Some of her works are still hanging at James' former family home, currently West Dean College in West Dean, West Sussex.
ellauri210.html on line 1123: She later married Emerico Weisz (nicknamed "Chiki"), born in Hungary in 1911. Chiki Weisz died 17 January 2007, at home. He was 97 years old. Together they had two sons: Gabriel, an intellectual and poet, and Pablo, a doctor and Surrealist artist. Leonora Carrington died on 25 May 2011, aged 94, in a hospital in Mexico City as a result of complications arising from pneumonia. In 2015, Carrington was honoured through a Google Doodle commemorating her 98th birthday.
ellauri210.html on line 1165:

Jean-Pierre Duprey (1 January 1930 in Rouen – 2 October 1959 in Paris) was a French poet and sculptor, one of the modern examples of a poète maudit (accursed poet).
ellauri210.html on line 1173: Three days before his death, he said calmly to a friend: "I am allergic to this planet". He wrote his final book in 1959 and upon completion, he asked his wife to send the manuscript to Breton. When she returned from the post office, she found him dead; he had hanged himself on the main beam of his studio. Another exit in the style of David Foster Wallace. Did he give a damn to how his wife might have taken it? Well maybe she was relieved. Asta is allergic to Miryam's kitty Chico but bears it, taking antihistamines. When she has had a bad day, she curls up in her room with Kitty in her lap.
ellauri210.html on line 1226: The French essayist Michel Eyquem de Montaigne’s famous tome Les Essais became celebrated in its age, even being quoted by William Shakespeare in The Tempest. At the core of the collection of writings was “De l’amitie” (“On Friendship”). La Boetie enjoyed a certain level of fame, achieved through political discourses, when he met Montaigne around 1557 and the two would spend four years together, at which time the principles of civil disobedience in matters of love became instilled in Montaigne, according to Robert Aldrich and Garry Wotherspoon’s Who’s Who in Gay and Lesbian History. But La Boetie would succumb to the plague, and Montaigne would write that he never experienced such love again.
ellauri210.html on line 1228: KHEIRON (Chiron) was eldest and wisest of the Kentauroi (Centaurs), a Thessalian tribe of half-horse men. Unlike his brethren Kheiron was an immortal son of the Titan Kronos (Cronus) and a half-brother of Zeus. When Kronos' "tryst" (more correctly, thrust) with the nymphe Philyra was interrupted by Rhea, he transformed himself into a horse halfway out to escape notice and the result was this two-formed son.
ellauri210.html on line 1232: Kheiron was a renowned teacher who mentored many of the greatest heroes of myth including the Argonauts Jason and Peleus, the physician Asklepios (Asclepius), the demi-god Aristaios (Aristaeus) and Akhilleus (Achilles) of Troy. WTF, Achilleus was not of Troy?
ellauri210.html on line 1234: The old Kentauros was accidentally wounded by Herakles when the hero was battling other members of the tribe. The wound, poisoned with Hydra-venom, was incurable, and suffering unbearable pain Kheiron voluntarily relinquished his immortality.
ellauri210.html on line 1250: George Shaw, known at his insistence as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist and political activist. His influence on the Western hemisphefre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. He wrote more than sixty plays, including major works such as Man and Superman (1902), Pygmalion (1913) and Saint Joan (1923). With a range incorporating both contemporary satire and historical allegory, Pshaw became the leading dramatist of his generation, and in 1925 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
ellauri210.html on line 1254: Shaw was self made socialist, enough to irritate both parties. First draft:
ellauri210.html on line 1272: Shaw was born at 3 Upper Synge Street in Portobello, a lower-middle-class part of Dublin. The Shaw family was of English descent and belonged to the dominant Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. George Carr Shaw, Bernir's dad, an ineffectual alcoholic, was among the family's less successful members. By the time of Shaw's birth, his mother had become close to George John Lee, a flamboyant figure well known in Dublin's musical circles. Shaw retained a lifelong obsession that Lee might have been his biological father. Shaw made a negligible income from writing, and was subsidised by Lee plus his mother. In 1881, for the sake of economy, and as a matter of principle, he became a vegetarian. He grew a beard to hide a facial scar left by smallpox.
ellauri210.html on line 1275: He had been celibate until his twenty-ninth birthday, when his shyness was overcome by Jane (Jenny) Patterson, a widow some years his senior. All things considered, he preferred men's company as much as Michael Montaigne. Why can't a woman be more like a man?
ellauri210.html on line 1277: My friend responded saying that gay men and women have dependent relationships all the time and it absolutely does not mean the man is not gay or that he is falling for her. Today we call this a 'hag' and they routinely do for women the things Higgins did for Eliza, (make her more fashionable, improve her appeal to men, etc). I am not saying he absolutely was gay, in fact I still think its probable he's not, but its definitely something to consider.
ellauri210.html on line 1279: According to the trivia section here at IMDB, "George Bernard Shaw adamantly opposed any notion that Higgins and Eliza had fallen in love and would marry at the end of the play, as he felt it would betray the character of Eliza who, as in the myth of Pygmalion and Galatea, would "come to life" and emancipate herself from the male domination of Higgins and her father. He even went so far as to include a lengthy essay to be published with copies of the script explaining precisely why Higgins and Eliza would never marry, and what "actually happened" after the curtain fell: Eliza married Freddy and opened a flower shop with funds from Colonel Pickering. Moreover, as Shaw biographers have noted, Higgins is meant to be an analogue of the playwright himself, thus suggesting Higgins was actually a homosexual." Eliza, where are my slippers?
ellauri210.html on line 1366: Joyce Mansour nee Joyce Patricia Adès, (25 July 1928 – 27 August 1986), was an Egyptian-French author, notable as a surrealist poet. She became the best known surrealist female poet, author of 16 books of poetry, as well as a number of important prose and theatre pieces. Ei ehtinyt mukaan Piha-Anteron humoristeihin, mutta Antero kirjoitti siitä erillisiä puffeja.
ellauri210.html on line 1372: Mansour was born in Bowden in England, to Jewish-Egyptian parents and lived in Cheshire for a month before her parents moved the family to Cairo, Egypt. During her youth, Mansour excelled as a runner and a high jumper. She also competed in equestrian competitions.
ellauri210.html on line 1374: Mansour first came in contact with Parisian surrealism while still living in Cairo. She moved to Paris in 1953 at the age of 20.[1] In 1947, her first marriage at the age of 19 ended after six months when her husband died. Her second marriage was to Samir Mansour in 1949 and they divided their time between Cairo and Paris. Mansour began to write in French.
ellauri210.html on line 1376: She died of cancer in Paris in 1986. Was that all there was to it? No!
ellauri210.html on line 1378: Mansour’s first published collection of poems, titled: Cris, was published in Paris in 1953 by Pierre Seghers. This collection of work references male and female anatomy in explicit language that was unusual for the time. Religious language can also be found. However, it is inverted, replacing what would be Christ with the lover. References of Egyptian mythology are also present in Cris. Mansour references the White Goddess as well as Hathor.
ellauri210.html on line 1380: In 1954, Joyce Mansour became involved with the surrealist movement after Jean-Louise Bédouin wrote a review praising Cris in Médium: Communication surréaliste that May. Joyce Mansour actively participated in the second wave of surrealism in Paris. Her apartment was a popular meeting place for members of the surrealist group. L'exécution du testament du Marquis de Sade, the performance piece by Jean Benoît took place in Mansour’s apartment, where she "collaborated" with obscure minor representatives such as Pierre Alechinsky, Enrico Baj, Hans Bellmer, Gerardo Chávez, Jorge Camacho, Ted Joans, Pierre Molinier, Reinhoud d'Haese and Max Walter Svanberg.
ellauri210.html on line 1382: Jean Benoît (1922-2010) was a Canadian artist known as "The Enchanter of Serpents", most famous for his surrealist sculptures. One sculpture called "Book Cover for Magnetic Fields" features demonic figures ripping an egg from a book. Magnetic Fields was the name of the book Breton wrote with Philippe Soupault, which Breton called the first surrealist book. Many of his works include demonic figures, brutal sexual images, exaggerated phalluses, and so on. Benoît was active and remained productive, working every day on his art until he died on August 20, 2010, in Paris. He was 88.
ellauri210.html on line 1460: Andrew Lang FBA (31 March 1844 – 20 July 1912) was a Scottish poet, novelist, literary critic, and contributor to the field of anthropology. He is best known as a collector of folk and fairy tales. The Andrew Lang lectures at the University of St Andrews are named after him. Ei sentään koko yliopisto. Eikös se ole se missä kaikki Englannin kruunun kermaperseet keitetään? He died of angina pectoris on 20 July 1912 at the Tor-na-Coille Hotel in Banchory, Banchory, survived by his wife.
ellauri211.html on line 133: Alexander Calder´s “Mountains and Clouds” was installed in the Hart Senate Office Building in 1986. Aluminum clouds originally suspended as a mobile over the steel mountains were removed in 2014 as unsafe for the public. It was too expensive for public funds so private moneymen came to the rescue. Senaattori Snowden Harp näyttää juuri siltä kuin jalkansa Vietnamiin jättäneen senaattorin kuuluu näyttää vanhana. Michael ansaizi pronssitähden Irakin ryöstöretkellä. Kylläpäs Sujatasta on sukeutunut isänmaallinen. Vaikka se on mamu, tai varmaan juuri sixi. En petä luottamustasi mutta kotiasi kuunnellaan. Onko Michael pyytänyt sinua tekemään jotain laitonta? Eikö? (pettyneesti). Miten teillä menee Hughin kanssa? Kysyn vaikka tiedän, kotiasi kuunnellaan. Onnexi en tullut synttäreillesi. Kiihkeästä vapaamielisyydestään huolimatta senaattori varjeli julkista kuvaansa. Olin alkanut pitää hänen varovaisuuttaan aidon älykkyyden merkkinä. Harp tietää jotakin, mietin hyvästellessäni hänet. Mutta tehän rikotte kansalaisoikeuxiani! Niin niin, talk to the hand. Sentään saat kantaa konetuliasetta ja pitää sikiösi. Count your blessings.
ellauri213.html on line 49: Spannendes Astrologie-Wissen rund um das Sternzeichen Steinbock Ob Glücksbringer, Tipps zu Selbstfürsorge und Ernährung oder Antworten auf Fragen wie »Was braucht der Steinbock, um sich geliebt zu fühlen? Eine Scheide - Entschuldigung, ich wollte sagen einen Auflag von Schinken. « Das Sternzeichen-Buch steckt voller spannendem Wissen über den Steinbock (22. Dezember bis 20. Januar). Natürlich führt es auch ganz allgemein in die Astrologie ein und erklärt unter anderem, wie man sein Geburtshoroskop liest oder was hinter dem »rückläufigen Merkur« steckt. Das Horoskop-Buch ist hochwertig mit Douche sowieso auch ohne Douche.
ellauri213.html on line 234: And there are the many “I ought to” demands of daily life – getting up, washing, brushing teeth, getting dressed, eating, cooking, chores, learning, working, sleeping … the list goes on.
ellauri213.html on line 243: Augustine and Thomas Aquinas had formulated the view that whoever deliberately took away the life given to them by their Creator showed the utmost disregard for the will and authority of God and jeopardized their salvation, encouraging the Church to treat suicide as a sin. By the early 1960s, however, the Church of England was re-evaluating its stance on the legality of suicide, and decided that counselling, psychotherapy and suicide prevention intervention before the event took place would be a better solution than criminalisation of what amounted to an act of despair in this context.
ellauri213.html on line 244: The Suicide Act 1961 (9 & 10 Eliz 2 c 60) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It decriminalised the act of suicide in England and Wales so that those who kill themselves would no longer be prosecuted. The Act did not apply to Scotland, as suicide was never an offence under Scots Law.
ellauri213.html on line 254: In 1908, Baden-Powell's book Scouting for Boys came out in Russia by the order of Tsar Nicholas II. It was called Young Scout (Юный Разведчик, Yuny Razvedchik). On April 30 [O.S. April 17] 1909, a young officer, Colonel Oleg Pantyukhov, organized the first Russian Scout troop Beaver (Бобр, Bobr) in Pavlovsk, a town near Tsarskoye Selo, St. Petersburg region. In 1910, Baden-Powell visited Nicholas II in Tsarskoye Selo and they had a very pleasant conversation, as the Tsar remembered it. In 1914, Pantyukhov established a society called Russian Scout (Русский Скаут, Russkiy Skaut). The first Russian Scout campfire was lit in the woods of Pavlovsk Park in Tsarskoye Selo. A Russian Scout song exists to remember this event. Scouting spread rapidly across Russia and into Siberia, and by 1916, there were about 50,000 Scouts in Russia. Nicholas' son Tsarevich Aleksei was a Scout himself.
ellauri213.html on line 258: In Soviet Russia the Scouting system started to be replaced by ideologically-altered Scoutlike organizations, such as "ЮК" ("Юные Коммунисты", or young communists; pronounced as yuk), that were created since 1918. There was a purge of the Scout leaders, many of whom perished under the Bolsheviks. Those Scouts who did not wish to accept the new Soviet system either left Russia for good, like Pantyukhov and others, or went underground. However, clandestine Scouting did not last long. On May 19, 1922 all of those newly created organizations were united into the Young Pioneer organization of the Soviet Union, which existed until 1990. From that date, Scouting in the USSR was banned.
ellauri213.html on line 260: However, some features of Scouting remained in the modified form. The Scout motto "Bud' Gotov" ("Be Prepared") was modified into the Pioneer motto "Vsegda Gotov" ("Always Prepared"). Mention of God was removed, replaced by Lenin and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. There were no separate organizations for girls and boys, and many new features were introduced, like Young Pioneer Palaces.
ellauri213.html on line 266: Russian Scouting was recognized as a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, in exile, from 1928 to 1945.
ellauri213.html on line 268: Russian Scouting eventually split into two organizations over ideological differences. These are the modern-day National Organization of Russian Scouts (NORS) and Organization of Russian Young Pathfinders (ORYuR/ОРЮР). As neither organization was created ex nihilo, they may both be considered legitimate successors to the Русский Скаут heritage.
ellauri213.html on line 270: The Scout movement began to reemerge and was reborn within Russia in 1990, when relaxation of government restrictions allowed youth organizations to be formed to fill the void left by the Pioneers, with various factions competing for recognition. Some former Pioneer leaders have also formed Scout groups, and there is some controversy as to their motivations in doing so.
ellauri213.html on line 278: 14 Russian Scouts were invited to take part in the 19th World Scout Jamboree in 1999. Russia was represented 2003 at the 20th World Scout Jamboree in Thailand. 504 Scouts from the association Russian Association of Scouts/Navigators took part in the 21st World Scout Jamboree in 2007.
ellauri213.html on line 280: The membership was transferred in 2004 to the RAS/N, following the disintegration of ARNSO. RAS/N is also an umbrella federation of different associations, some of them former members of ARNSO.
ellauri213.html on line 294: The girls didn't know much about the event beforehand, but Amelia was most excited about sleeping with the Big Top, Meghan couldn't wait to learn some tricks, while Abigail, Darcey and Ellie were looking forward to trying out some new adventurous group activities. We then enjoyed a very funny magic show, sucking our own magic wands and balloon creatures. Darcey and Aayla said they 'liked playing fun games with the Rainbows on the inflatables' which we did next.
ellauri213.html on line 295: For Abigail, Tillie and Isla, the best thing about the event was the after-dark disco, as they 'got to dance around with all the cool cats'. Finally, it was time to settle down in our sleeping bags all together for a giant sleepover with the Big Top with 250 other Brownies! Volunteers checked in and out over 4,000 participants, ran a sweat shop, led drumming workshops and served at the Night Cafe.
ellauri213.html on line 298: Girlguiding UK has signed the campaign to try and force the hand of Rupert Murdoch, who hinted a few weeks ago that he is considering ending the publication of photographs of topless models on page 3 of The Sun – which he owns, as chief executive of News Corporation. Page 3, or Page Three, was a British newspaper convention of publishing a large image of a topless female glamour model (known as a Page 3 girl) on the third page of mainstream red-top tabloids. The Sun introduced the feature, publishing its first topless Page 3 image on 17 November 1970. The Sun's sales doubled over the following year, and Page 3 is partly credited with making The Sun the UK's bestselling newspaper by 1978. In response, competing tabloids including the Daily Mirror, the Sunday People, and the Daily Star also began featuring topless models on their own third pages. Notable Page 3 models included Linda Lusardi, Samantha Fox, and Katie Price.
ellauri213.html on line 303: LET OFF AGAIN! Smirking Katie Price DODGES JAIL over ‘gutter s*g’ text to Kieran Hayler’s fiancee. The 44-year-old was instead handed an 18-hole community order,
ellauri213.html on line 304: 170 hours unpaid work and told to pay £1,500 costs. Katie Price has been known on the celebrity circuit for many years, starting out her career as a glamour model before becoming a TV personality, author and OnlyFans content creator. Katie has five children: her eldest Harvey, Princess, Junior, Buddy and Jett. She was married to Peter Andre from 2005-2009, Alex Reid from 2010-2012 and Kieran Hayler from 2013-2021. She was most recently dating Love Island star Carl Woods until their split. Michelle contacted Sussex Police on Friday to complain that Katie — mum to two of Kieran’s children — had sent him a tirade of abuse which was aimed at her. Close sources said the text branded Michelle a “c*ing w*e piece of s*” and a “gutter s*g.” The ex-glamour model, who smiled as she left the dock today, could have been jailed for a maximum of five years for breaching the restraining order. BUSINESS AS USUAL Katie Price says she’s ‘so lucky’ after dodging jail over ‘gutter s*g’ text – as she reveals she’s landed a Girlguiding travel show.
ellauri213.html on line 329:

TWA flight 741 was one of three planes successfully hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine that day — the hijacking of an El Al plane was foiled by the onboard sky marshals. At the time, I was a 14-year old foreskinned kid living in Trenton, New Jersey, whose only care was how the Baltimore Orioles were doing. This event changed my life, as well as the lives of the other 350 people who were on those planes. Mostly for the better, we became instant celebrities.

Imagine the horror and disgust that I, my family and other hijack victims experienced when we read that Leila Khaled, one of the hijackers directly involved in the 1970 attacks, had been invited by San Francisco State University to address a forum on Gender, Justice and Resistance. Ms. Khaled is a convicted terrorist. She has paid her debt to society. She is a member of the PFLP. She is a symbol not of justice and resistance, but of wanton terrorism and death. Khaled spent only a few days in jail. After her failed hijacking of the El Al plane, she was transferred by the Israeli sky marshals to the British police and released in exchange for hostages when a fifth plane was hijacked to secure her freedom.
ellauri213.html on line 335: In theory, San Francisco State University President Lynn Mahoney is correct in stating that a university is a place where different ideas are presented, discussed and analyzed so that individual conclusions can be drawn. But does that justify giving an unrepentant terrorist a forum to address the students? What will she teach them? The proper way to hijack an aircraft, based on her success in 1969, and what mistakes to avoid based on her failure in 1970? When I was a student in university, I often faced new ideas that ran contrary to my beliefs. But these perspectives were presented by knowledgeable, respectable academics. Some were Nobel Prize winners. None were terrorists. Most of them were Jews.
ellauri213.html on line 350: Over the years, Iraq has provided safe haven to terrorists such as Abu Nidal, whose terror organization carried out more than 90 terrorist attacks in 20 countries that killed or injured nearly 900 people, including 12 Americans. Iraq has also provided safe haven to Abu Abbas, who was responsible for seizing the Egyptian ship Achille Lauro and killing an American passenger. Following the murder of Leon Klinghoffer, the Klinghoffer family founded the Leon and Marilyn Klinghoffer Memorial Foundation, in cooperation with the Anti-Defamation League.
ellauri213.html on line 354: The Achille Lauro hijacking has inspired a number of dramatic retellings, including The Death of Klinghoffer (1991), an opera by John Adams and Alice Goodman after a concept of theatre director Peter Sellars. Its depiction of the hijacking has proved controversial. Controversy surrounded the American premiere and other productions in the years which followed. Some critics and audience members condemned the production as antisemitic and appearing to be sympathetic to the hijackers. Adams, Goodman, and Sellars repeatedly claimed that they were trying to give equal voice to both Israelis and Palestinians with respect to the political background. That kind of unpatriotic talk was effectively silenced with the Iraqi wars and the 9/11 incident. It is unpatriotic to be impartial.
ellauri213.html on line 375: The settlement of modern-day Kaliningrad was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement Twangste by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named Königsberg in honor of King Ottokar II of Bohemia. A Baltic port city, it successively became the capital of the State of the Teutonic Order, the Duchy of Prussia (1525–1701) and East Prussia. Königsberg remained the coronation city of the Prussian monarchy, though the capital was moved to Berlin in 1701. From 1454 to 1455 the city under the name of Królewiec belonged to the Kingdom of Poland, and from 1466 to 1657 it was a Polish fief.
ellauri213.html on line 377: Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin, known familiarly by Soviet citizens as "Kalinych", was a Soviet politician and Old Bolshevik revolutionary. He served as head of state of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and later of the Soviet Union from 1919 to 1946. From 1926, he was a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Born to a peasant family, Kalinin worked as a metal worker in Saint Petersburg and took part in the 1905 Russian Revolution as an early member of the Bolsheviks. During and after the October Revolution, he served as mayor of Petrograd. After the revolution, Kalinin became the head of the new Soviet state, as well as a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and the Politburo. Kalinin remained the titular head of state of the Soviet Union after the rise of Joseph Stalin, but held little real power or influence. He retired in 1946 and died in the same year.
ellauri213.html on line 379: Königsberg was the easternmost large city in Germany until World War II. The city was heavily damaged by Allied bombing in 1944 and during the Battle of Königsberg in 1945; it was then captured by the Soviet Union on 9 April 1945. The Potsdam Agreement of 1945 placed it under Soviet administration. The city was renamed to Kaliningrad in 1946 in honor of Soviet revolutionary Mikhail Kalinin. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it has been governed as the administrative centre of Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast, the westernmost oblast of Russia.
ellauri213.html on line 381: The original German population fled or was expelled towards the end of World War II, when the territory was annexed by the Soviet Union, and in the following few years. In October 1945, only about 5,000 Soviet civilians lived in the territory. Between October 1947 and October 1948 approximately 100,000 Germans were forcibly moved to Germany [clarification needed], and by 1948 about 400,000 Soviet civilians had arrived in the Oblast.
ellauri213.html on line 385: Poland and the Russian Federation have an agreement whereby residents of Kaliningrad and the Polish cities of Olsztyn, Elbląg and Gdańsk may obtain special cards permitting repeated travel between the two countries, crossing the Polish–Russian border. As of July 2013, Poland had issued 100,000 of the cards. That year, the influx of Russians visiting Poland to shop at the Biedronka and Lidl supermarkets was novel enough to be featured in songs by musical group Parovoz.
ellauri213.html on line 387: As a major transport hub, with sea and river ports, the city is home to the headquarters of the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Navy, and is one of the largest industrial centres in Russia. It was deemed the best city in Russia in 2012, 2013, and 2014 in Kommersant's magazine The Firm's Secret, the best city in Russia for business in 2013 according to Forbes, and was ranked fifth in the Urban Environment Quality Index published by Minstroy in 2019. Kaliningrad has been a major internal migration attraction in Russia over the past two decades, and was one of the host cities of the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
ellauri213.html on line 434: Seuraavassa on listattuna pahoja naisia rikkomuxineen (kuvissa söpöset alleviivattu): Irma Grese (Naziwächterin), Myra Hindley (serial pedocide), Isabela of Castile (born in the year 1451 and died in 1504, Isabella the Catholic, was queen of Castile and León. She and her husband, Ferdinand II of Aragon, brought stability to the kingdoms that became the basis for the unification of Spain. Isabella and Ferdinand are known for completing the Reconquista, ordering conversion or exile of their Muslim and Jewish subjects and financing Christopher Columbus’ 1492 voyage that led to the opening of the “New World”. Isabella was granted the title Servant of God by the Catholic Church in 1974), Beverly Allitt (pedocide, Angel of Death), Queen Mary of England (catholic), Belle Gunness (norwegian-american serial killer), Mary Ann Cotton (serial killer), Ilse Koch (Lagerfrau), Katherine Knight (very bad Aussie), Elizabeth Bathory (hungarian noblewoman and serial killer), Sandra Avila Beltran (drugs), Patty Hearst (hänen isoisänsä oli lehtikeisari William Randolph Hearst. Hiän joutui kidnappauksen uhriksi, mutta pian tämän jälkeen hiän teki pankkiryöstön ja joutui vankilaan), Genene Jones (infanticide nurse), Karla Homolka (Canadian serial killer), Diane Downs (infanticide), Aileen Wuornos (serial killer), Griselda Blanco (drug lady), Lizzie Borden (kirvesmurhaaja), Bonnie Parker (bank robber), Anne Bonny (pirate), Mary Bell (pedocide), Delphine LaLaurie (serial slavekiller), Patricia Krenwinkel (Manson family member), Leslie van Houten (Manson family member), Darlie Routier (infanticide), Susan Smith (infanticide), Susan Atkins (Manson family member), Ching Shih (pirate), Anna Sorokin Delvey (con woman), Amelia Dyer (serial killer), Assata Shakur (black terrorist), Belle Gunness (serial killer), Gypsy Rose Blanchard (matricide), Pamela Smart (mariticide), Ruth Ellis (nightclub hostess, last woman hanged in UK), Phoolan Devi (bandit), Ma Barker (matriarch), Jennifer Pan (parenticide), Virginia Hill (gangster), Karla Faye Tucker (burglar, first woman injected in US), Leonarda Cianciully (serial murderer, soapmaker), Mary Read, Carill Ann Fugate (murder spree), Grace Marks (maid), Belle Starr (outlaw, friend of Lucky Luke), Zerelda Mimms (Mrs. Jesse James), Jane Toppan (serial killer), Sara Jane Moore (wannabe assassin of Gerald Ford), Martha Beck (serial killer), Doris Payne (jewel thief), Mary Brunner (Manson family member), Barbara Graham (executed by gas), Grace O'Malley (pirate), Sada Abe (jealous geisha. When they asked why she had killed Ishida, “Immediately she became excited and her eyes sparkled in a strange way: ‘I loved him so much, I wanted him all to myself. But since we were not husband and wife, as long as he lived he could be embraced by other women. I knew that if I killed him no other woman could ever touch him again, so I killed him…..’ ), Samantha Lewthwaite (white somali terrorist), Theresa Knorr (murderess), Lynette Fromme (Manson family, wannabe assassin of Gerald Ford), The Freeway Phantom (serial killer), Carol M. Bundy (serial killer), Fanny Kaplan (bolshevik revolutionary), Marguerite Alibert (Ed VII courtesan), Jean Harris (author), Linda Hazzard (physician, serial killer), Mary Jane Kelly (1st victim of Jack the Ripper), Kim Hyon-hui (North-Korean spy), Vera Renczi (serial killer), Clare Bronfman (filthy rich criminal), Kirsten Gilbert (serial killer nurse), Gerda Steinhoff (Lagerwächterin), Linda Carty (baby robber), Estella Marie Thompson (black prostitute, blowjobbed Hugh Grant), Elizabeth Becker (Lagerwächterin), Juana Barraza (asesina en serie), Olivera Circovic (baseball player, writer, jewel thief), Olga Hepnarova (mental serial killer), Sabina Eriksson (knäpp tvilling), Minnie Dean (serial killer), Madame de Brinvilliers (aristocrat parri- and fratricide), Martha Rendell (familicide, last woman hanged in Western Australia), Violet Gibson (wannabe assassin of Mussolini), Idoia López Riaño (terrorist), Styllou Christofi (murdered her daughter in law), Mary Eastley (convicted of witchcraft), Wanda Klaff (Lagerwächterin), Giulia Tofana (avvelenatrice), Tisiphone (1/3 raivottaresta), Jean Lee (murderer for money), Brigitte Mohnhaupt (RAF terrorist), Marcia (mistress of Commodus), Beate Zschäpe (far-right terrorist), Evelyn Frechette (singer, Dillingerin heila), Francoise Dior (naziaktivisti), Linda Mulhall (nirhasi äidin poikaystävän saxilla), Brigit Hogefeld (RAF terrorist), Martha Corey (Salem witchhunt victim), Marie Lafarge (arsenikkimurha), Debra Lafave (teacher, gave blow job to student), Enriqueta Marti (asasina en serie), Alse Young (witch hanging victim), Elizabeth Michael (actress, involuntary manslaughter: nasty boyfriend hit his head and died while beating her), Susannah Martin (witchcraft), Maria Mandl (Gefängnisoffizerin), Mary Frith (pickpocket and fence), Hanadi Jaradat (suicide bomber), Marie-Josephte Carrivau (mariticide), Gudrun Ensslin (RAF founder), Anna Anderson (vale-Anastasia), Ans van Dijk (jutku nazikollaboraattori), Elizabeth Holmes (bisneshuijari), Ghislaine Maxwell (Epsteinin haahka), Julianna Farrait (drugs), Yolanda Saldivar (embezzler, killer), Jodi Arias (convicted killer Jodi Ann Arias was born on July 9, 1980, in Salinas, California. In the summer of 2008, Arias made national headlines when she was charged with murdering her ex-boyfriend Travis Alexander, a 30-year-old member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints who was working as a motivational speaker and insurance salesman. Aargh. Justifiable homicide.) Alyssa Bustamante (kid murder), Mary Kay Letourneau (kid abuser), Mirtha Young (drugs), Catherine Nevin (mariticide), Pilar Prades (maid), Irmgard Möller (terrorist), Christine Schürrer (krimi), Reem Riyashi (suicide bomber), Amy Fisher (jealous), Wafa Idris (suicide bomber), Jeanne de Clisson (ex-noblewoman), Christine Papin (maid murderer), Sally McNeil (body builder), Mariette Bosch (murderer), Sandra Ávila Beltrán (drugs), Alice Schwarzer (journalist), Andrea Yates (litter murderer), Mimi Wong (bar hostess), Pauline Nyiramasuhuko (criminal politician), Josefa Segovia (murderer), Martha Needle (serial killer), Antonina Makarova (war criminal), Mary Surratt (criminal businessperson), Dorothea Binz (officer), Leona Helmsley (tax evasion), Angela Rayola (reality tv personality), Léa Papin (maid murderer), Ursula Erikssson (kriminell mördare), Maria Petrovna (spree killer), Aafia Siddiqui (criminal), Fatima Bernawi (palestinian militant), La Voisin (fortune teller), Deniz Seki (singer), Rasmea Odeh (Arab activist), Hildegard Lächert (nurse), Sajida al-Rishawi (suicide bomber), Hayat Boumeddiene (ISIS groupie, nähty viimexi Al Holissa), Herta Ehlert (Lagerwächterin), Elizabeth Stride (seriös mördare), Adelheid Schulz (krimi), Jenny-Wanda Barkman (Wächter), Shi Jianqiao (pardoned assassin. The assassination of Sun Chuanfang was ethically justified as an act of filial piety and turned into a political symbol of the legitimate vengeance against the Japanese invaders.), Rosemary West (serial killer), Juana Bormann (Lagerwächterin), Kathy Boudin (criminal), Kate Webster (assassin), Teresa Lewis (murderer), Hermine Braunsteiner (Lagerwächterin), Flor Contemplacion (assassina), Constance Kent (fratricide), Tamara Samsonova (serial killer), Herta Bothe (Lagerwächterin), Maria Gruber (Mörderin), Irene Leidolf (möderin), Waltraud Wagner (Mörderin), Elaine Campione (criminelle), Greta Bösel (Pflegerin), Marie Manning (Mörderin), Darya Nikolayevna Saltykova (sadist), Nora Parham (executed), Maria Barbella (assassina), Linda Wenzel (ISIS activist), Anna Marie Hahn (Mörderin), Suzane von Richthofen (parenticide), Charlotte Mulhall (murderer), Khioniya Guseva (kriminal), Daisy de Melker (serial killer nurse), Stephanija Meyer (Mörderin), Sinedu Tadesse (murderer), Ayat al-Akhras (suicide bomber), Akosita Lavulavu (minister of infrastructure and tourism), Sabrina de Sousa (criminal diplomat), Sally Basset (poisoner), Emma Zimmer (Aufseher), Mary Clement (serial killer), Irina Gaidamachuk (serial killer), Dagmar Overbye (serialmorder), Gesche Gottfried (Mörderin), Frances Knorr (serial killer), Beate Schmidt (Serienmörderin), Elizabeth Clarke (accused victim of witchcraft), Kim Sun-ja (serial killer), Olga Konstantinovana Briscorn (serial killer), Roxana Baldetti (politico), Rizana Nafeek (house maid), Margaret Scott (accused of witchcraft), Jacqueline Sauvage (meurtrier), Veronique Courjault (tueur en série), Barbara Erni (thief), Hilde Lesewitz (Schutzstaffel Wächterin), Thenmoli Rajaratnam (suicide bomber), etc. etc..
ellauri213.html on line 436: Sinedu Tadesse September 25, 1975 – May 28, 1995) was a junior at Harvard College who stabbed her roommate, Trang Phuong Ho, to death, then committed suicide. The incident may have resulted in a variety of changes to the administration of living conditions at Harvard. Tadesse is buried at the Ethiopian Orthodox Cemetery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. When Tadesse entered Harvard, she earned below-average grades, and was told that this would prevent her from attending top-ranked medical schools in the U.S. She made no friends, remaining distant even from relatives she had in the area. Tadesse sent a form letter to dozens of strangers that she picked from the phone book, describing her unhappiness and pleading with them to be her friend. One woman responded to the letter but became alarmed by the bizarre writings and recordings Tadesse sent her in return; she had no further contact with Tadesse. Another woman found the letter obnoxious and sent it to a friend who worked at Harvard to review.
ellauri213.html on line 438: After her freshman year, her roommate told her she was going to room with someone else. For her second and third years, Tadesse roomed with Trang Ho, a Vietnamese student who was well liked and doing well at Harvard, and Tadesse was obsessively fond of her. Tadesse was very needy in her demands for attention and became angry when Ho began to distance herself in their junior year. Tadesse apparently reacted with despair when Ho announced her decision to room with another group of girls their senior year, and the two women stopped speaking with each other after that. Tadesse purchased two knives and rope in advance. On May 28, 1995, Tadesse stabbed her roommate Ho 45 times with a hunting knife, killing her. Tadesse then hanged herself in the bathroom.
ellauri214.html on line 72: Though Rowling’s transphobia has been publicized the most, fans have also begun to notice prejudice in her writing. Very few people of color are featured in J. K. Rowling’s books, and those that are have few lines and no detailed story arcs. One of the people of color given more thought was Cho Chang, Harry Potter’s love interest who was first introduced in the third book, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. Rowling’s racism toward Asians and lack of knowledge of Asian culture is clearly evident from just the name Cho Chang, which is a mix of Korean and Chinese surnames. Korea and China have a longstanding history as political adversaries and each country has a distinct culture. While Rowling went to great efforts in creating a wonderfully immersive wizarding world, she gave no thought to what Cho’s ethnicity is. Cho was also sorted into Ravenclaw house, the school house for those of high intelligence, playing into a common stereotype of Asians. The only other Asian characters mentioned in the series are Indian twins Padma and Pavarti Patil. While Rowling appears to have given more thought to these characters, placing Padma in Ravenclaw and breaking the Asian stereotype by placing Pavarti in Gryffindor, she ultimately fails to adequately write Asian characters. While Pavarti, as a member of Harry Potter’s house, was given more depth than Cho or her sister, many South Asian fans were irritated by the girls’ dresses in the fourth movie, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. The twins wore dull and unflattering traditional Indian attire, which many saw as a mockery of Indian culture. Cho herself wore an East Asian style dress in this movie which was a mix of different Asian styles. Rowling continued her habit of stereotyping Asians in the Fantastic Beast Movies, the first of which was released in 2016 and set in the 1920’s, several decades before the Harry Potter series. In this pre-series, the only Asian representation is displayed in the form of a woman who has been cursed to turn into a beast. Fans may remember the villain Voldemort’s pet snake, Nagini, who served him throughout the Harry Potter series. Fans were surprised to learn when watching The Crimes of Grindelwald, the second movie in the Fantastic Beasts series, that Nagini was not always a snake, but was actually a woman who had been cursed to turn into a snake. In the movie, Nagini, in human form, is caged and forced to perform in a circus. Though we do not know how Nagini came to meet Voldemort, we do know that she became his servant and the keeper of a wee snakelike portion of his soul. This is more than slightly problematic. Not only was Nagini the only Asian representation in the film, but she was also a half-human who was forced to serve an evil white man for a great part of her existence. Author Ellen Oh commented on Nagini’s inclusion in the film saying “I feel like this is the problem when white people want to diversify and don’t actually ask POC how to do so. They don’t make the connection between making Nagini an Asian woman who later on becomes the pet snake of an EEVIL whitish man.”
ellauri214.html on line 76: J.K. Rowling has also included plenty of sexism in her writing, indicative of her internalised misogyny. Cho Chang was Harry Potter’s love interest throughout books 4 and 5. However, Cho was in a relationship with another student in the fourth book, and unfortunately this student was killed by Lord Voldemort at the end of the book. This leaves Cho rightfully distraught. Though still in emotional turmoil, she develops a crush on Harry and they begin dating. During their first kiss, Cho is crying because she is thinking of her dead boyfriend. Harry and Cho break up after multiple arguments later in the book. Later on in the series, Harry develops feelings for his best friend’s sister, Ginny Weasley. Rowling periodically writes how Harry prefers Ginny to Cho because Cho was too emotional after the death of her boyfriend. Harry preferred Ginny, who was stronger and could contain her emotions, supposedly because she had grown up with 6 brothers (no, 5, Ronny is a sissy). This comparison of the two girls demonstrates Rowling’s internalized feelings that women exist for the purpose of pleasing men. The thinly veiled idea that women who are too emotional or too much drama queens are not desirable is evident in Rowling’s writing. Fleur Delcore is another example of this feeling. Fleur is a student at a French wizarding school who competes against Harry in a difficult tournament in the fourth book. Fleur is part veela, who are magical beings of extreme beauty but can turn monstrous when angered. Fleur eventually marries Ron Weasley’s older brother, Bill. Hermionie, Harry’s other best friend, and Ginny constantly complain about Fleur. However, the only thing their animosity can be traced back to is that Fleur is a beautiful Frenchy woman and she is confident in that, whilst they are just snubnosed Brits. This further develops Rowling’s internalized misogyny. She views women who are confident in their beauty as annoying, and has the idea that women should seek male validation. Though these portions of the book were likely unintentional, speaking from personal experience, it has to be said that Rowling’s writing of women in her book have had a lasting effect on her female readers.
ellauri214.html on line 78: Rowling tweeted,“It should never have been a problem with anyone but Ron Weasley was indeed transgender. Ron was born female but magically transitioned to male at age four. Gender transition is much easier in the magical world than it is in the muggle world – yet so similar. You lose your wiener ang get a twat, or the other way round, as the case may be.” Käy kuin Susannan kissanpojalle Harrylle, joka muuttui taianomaisesti Ginnyxi.
ellauri214.html on line 86: Whereas Rowling’s shepherding of readers was, in the Harry Potter juvenile series, an essential asset, in The Casual Vacancy her firm hand can feel constraining. She leaves little space for the peripheral or the ambiguous; hidden secrets are labeled as hidden secrets, and events are easy to predict. We seem to watch people move around Pagford as if they were on Harry’s magical parchment map of Hogwarts.
ellauri214.html on line 88: The Harry Potter series didn’t become a global phenomenon just because it was an exciting adventure, but because there was a real heart to it, characters who had both strengths and weaknesses, who struggled with their choices, much like Batman or Superman. Not so this time. Instead, “The Casual Vacancy” is a generally well-written book whose central theme is responsibility for those less fortunate, all the time imbued with ever-present British themes of class and notions of propriety.
ellauri214.html on line 120: In the equally rarer chance, I might be middle eastern/Muslim, in that case, I'll either be a brainwashed fanatic, or a victim of domestic abuse. Either way, white protagonists will save me.
ellauri214.html on line 169: In fiction, a MacGuffin (sometimes McGuffin) is an object, device, or event that is necessary to the plot and the motivation of the characters, but insignificant, unimportant, or irrelevant in itself. The term was originated by Angus MacPhail for film, adopted by Alfred Hitchcock, and later extended to a similar device in other fiction.
ellauri214.html on line 175: In contrast to Hitchcock's view of a MacGuffin as an object around which the plot revolves but about which the audience does not care, George Lucas believes that "the audience should care about it almost as much as about the dueling heroes and villains on-screen (i.e. not at all)." Lucas describes R2-D2 as the MacGuffin of the original Star Wars film,and said that the Ark of the Covenant in the Bible, or the titular MacGuffin in Raiders of the Lost Ark, was an excellent example as opposed to the more obscure MacGuffin in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom and "feeble" MacGuffin in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade.
ellauri214.html on line 193: I might talk about what I want to do, I might have one talent (usually drawing), but I was never shown to actively working towards my dream.
ellauri214.html on line 242: In his work Bibliotheca historica (Library of History), Diodorus Siculus wrote that the Amazons came from Libya in north Africa. Diodorus’s account is set in the time of myth. He wrote that the warriors’ most famous queen was Myrina, who lived before the hero Perseus saved the Ethiopian princess Andromeda from a sea monster. Myrina led her warriors to a great number of victories, including one against the mythical island of Atlantis. Myrina led a large army of 30,000 foot-soldiers and 3,000 cavalry against the Atlanteans. Diodorus claimed that the Amazon cavalry used tactics similar to those employed by the Parthians of west Asia, who fought the Roman general Crassus (c. 115— 53 BCE), firing arrows as they rode away from their enemies. The Atlanteans eventually surrendered to Myrina after she had captured and destroyed one of their cities, enslaving and carrying away the women and the children.
ellauri214.html on line 243: It was during the reign of Myrina that the Amazons encountered another race of female warriors known as the Gorgons. The Amazons and their defeated neighbors, the Atlanteans, were at peace with each other, but Atlantis was raided repeatedly by the Gorgons, who lived nearby. In Greek myth, the Gorgons were monsters with snakes instead of hair and faces so fearsome that looking directly at them could turn a mortal into stone. Diodorus scoffed at these stories of monsters and claimed that, like the Amazons, the Gorgons were nothing more than fierce tribal women who were skilled in warfare. Myrina’s large army went to the aid of Atlantis and defeated the Gorgons, capturing more than 3,000 Gorgon warriors. The captive Gorgons began a rebellion but were put down by the Amazons, who killed every remaining prisoner.
ellauri214.html on line 245: Myrina was said to have conquered most of Libya, from where she led her army east toward Egypt. When she reached Egypt, she befriended the king before going on to defeat the Bedouin and Syrian peoples and conquering some of west Asia. Although the people of Cilicia (part of modern Turkey) were not defeated, they were willing to accept her rule. The Amazons also captured the island of Lesbos in the Aegean Sea, where Myrina founded the city of Mitylene, named for her sister. While sailing across the Aegean, Myrina got caught in a storm. The queen prayed to the Mother Goddess to save her and was guided to a deserted island, which she named Samothrace. Myrina’s good fortune, however, did not last forever: she died in battle against the Thracians and Scythians, led by the Thracian Mopsos. Without their great leader, the Amazons lost a series of battles to Mopsos. Eventually their empire collapsed and they withdrew back to Libya. Back to the drawing board. 2 thousand years later Myrinä's compatriot Muammar Gaddafi says in Swedish: Han är nöjd.
ellauri214.html on line 539: Although Tokarczuk (pronounced “Tok-ar-chook”, like a toy train) is in London to celebrate Flights making the long list for the Man International Booker Prize, she feels “conversationally jet-lagged”discussing it because it was published in Poland back in 2007, quickly gaining popularity across the continent. It has taken a decade for the novel to make it into English, superbly rendered by superb American translator Jennifer Croft.
ellauri214.html on line 541: At 56, Tokarczuk is an invigorating presence: her black dreadlocks studded with bright blue beads, eyes rimmed with luminous turquoise. “Flights grew out of a time when I was travelling a lot,” she explains, at pains to stress how liberating this was for those raised under an oppressive communist regime. “I got my first passport in 1989, when I was 28. Wow.”
ellauri214.html on line 543: The daughter of two literature teachers, little Olga grew up near the border with Czechoslovakia, hiding under tables to eavesdrop on adult conversations. As a teenager she was gripped by Freud, then Jung, thrilled by the discovery that “every tiny thing you did had a deeper meaning . . . those ideas turned the world into a book I could read.”
ellauri214.html on line 545: She trained and practised as a clinical psychologist but quit after realising that she was “much more neurotic than my clients” to become a full-time writer, on a mission to use language “like a fork and knife when you have to eat reality”. As her international reputation grew, so did her air-mile count.
ellauri214.html on line 549: This blurring of fact and fiction is intentional. Tokarczuk tells me she is often asked “Why we central Europeans don’t use a classical linear narrative, and my answer is that we don’t have such a history. Our perception is different. Poland was once a powerful imperial country that disappeared from maps of Europe for more than 100 years. It was partitioned and occupied by the Nazis and the Russians . . . We pop up and disappear and we do not trust what we are told to believe.”
ellauri214.html on line 554: “I opened a history that was taboo from a number of perspectives: it was swept under the carpet by Catholics, Jews and communists. It took me eight years to research such fragile and contentious facts,” she says, “But after I won the Nike Jogging Shoe Award [Poland’s most prestigious literary prize], I was attacked by people who didn’t want to know about Poland’s dark past.” She sighs.
ellauri214.html on line 556: “Polish culture has always had a strong anti-Semitic undercurrent. There has been awful persecution. But it is time for us to look at Poland’s relationship with the Jews, to accept that we have Jewish blood and Polish culture mixed with our own. I was surprised by the anger I provoked, but thrilled by the enormous support that followed. It seems society is divided between the people who can read and those who cannot!”
ellauri214.html on line 562: How wrong she was.
ellauri216.html on line 198: The Didache (Greek: Διδαχή, translit. Didakhé, lit. "Teaching"), also known as The Lord's Teaching Through the Twelve Apostles to the Nations (Διδαχὴ Κυρίου διὰ τῶν δώδεκα ἀποστόλων τοῖς ἔθνεσιν), is a brief anonymous early Christian treatise written in Koine Greek, dated by modern scholars to the first or (less commonly) second century AD. The first line of this treatise is "The teaching of the Lord to the Gentiles (or Nations) by the twelve apostles". The text, parts of which constitute the oldest extant written catechism, has three main sections dealing with Christian ethics, rituals such as baptism and Eucharist, and Church organization. The opening chapters describe the virtuous Way of Life and the wicked Way of Death. The Lord's Prayer is included in full. Baptism is by immersion, or by affusion if immersion is not practical. Fasting is ordered for Wednesdays and Fridays. Two primitive Eucharistic prayers are given. Church organization was at an early stage of development. Itinerant apostles and prophets are important, serving as "chief priests" and possibly celebrating the Eucharist. Meanwhile, local bishops and deacons also have authority and seem to be taking the place of the itinerant ministry.
ellauri216.html on line 320: Painter Grigory Ostrovsky was active in Soligalich; the only paintings known to be by his hand are currently held in the town´s regional museum. There is a monument to Gennady Nevelskoy, who was born in the vicinity. Publisher Ivan Sytin was born in Soligalichsky District. Imugeeni Haritonia ei edes mainita.
ellauri216.html on line 324: According to a 2010 survey, there are a total of 36,700 villages in Russia with fewer than 10 inhabitants. Traditionally Russia’s agricultural land was subdivided into a patchwork of villages and fields, interspersed by forest and marsh. Now the villages are deserted and crumbling: the state closes them down, often on a whim, and young people leave to find work elsewhere. Matilda Moreton tells the tragic story based on fieldwork in the Russian North.
ellauri216.html on line 541: Jumalankantajaisä Makarios syntyi Egyptin suistomaa-alueen kylässä vuoden 300 tienoilla. Nuoruudessaan hän työskenteli kamelinajajana. Jumala kutsui häntä kuitenkin toisenlaiseen elämään ja Makarios vastasi kutsuun kuuliaisesti. Hän vetäytyi kylässään keljaan ja aloitti yksinäisen rukous- ja paastokilvoituksen. Kun ihmiset tahtoivat tehdä hänestä papin, hän pakeni toiseen kylään. Siellä raskaaksi tullut tyttö alkoi syyttää Makariosta häpäisemisestään. Makarios otettiin kiinni ja häntä raahattiin pitkin katua. Häntä lyötiin ja solvattiin, mutta hän ei sanonut sanaakaan puolustaakseen itseään vaan päinvastoin lupasi tehdä työtä hankkiakseen elatuksen naiselle ja lapselle. Makarios piti tilannetta Jumalan lähettämänä. Hän oli tuolloin noin 30 vuoden ikäinen. Kun Makarioksen syyttömyys tuli aikanaan ilmi, kylän väki lähti joukolla hänen luokseen pyytämään anteeksi. Mitenkä totuus tuli ilmi? No, when the woman's delivery drew near, her labor became exceedingly difficult. She did not manage to give birth until she confessed Macarius's innocence. She confessed that she had slandered the hermit, and revealed the name of the real father. (Who was it?) A multitude of people then came asking for his forgiveness, but he fled to the Nitrian Desert to escape all mundane glory.
ellauri216.html on line 554: Once, while he was praying, St Macarius heard a voice: “Macarius, you have not yet attained such perfection in virtue as two women who live in the city.” The humble ascetic went to the city, found the house where the women lived, and knocked. The women received him with joy, and he said, “I have come from the desert seeking you in order to learn of your good deeds. Tell me about them, and conceal nothing.”
ellauri217.html on line 67: The first four sections retell, in succession, the stories of: Adam (Adham أدهم) and how he was favoured by Gabalawi over the latter's other sons, including the eldest Satan/Iblis (Idris إدريس). In subsequent generations the heroes relive the lives of Moses (Gabal جبل) - Ai Moosesko? No ehkä vähän, Mooses oli urpo, mukiloi jonkun sivullisen kuoliaaxi, tapas Jehun pensaassa, senkin käärme koveni sauvaxi, se imitoi Hammurapia - mut on siinä mukana myös Jakobia eli Israelia, Jesus (Rifa'a رفاعة) and Muhammad (Qasim قاسم). The followers of each hero settle in different parts of the alley, symbolising Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The protagonist of the book's fifth section is Arafat (عرفة), who symbolises modern science and comes after the prophets, while all of their followers claim Arafat as one of their own.
ellauri217.html on line 71: It was this book that earned Naguib Mahfouz condemnation from Omar Abdel-Rahman in 1989, who called on him to repent or be killed, Abdel-Rahman also claimed that "If this sentence had been passed on Naguib Mahfouz when he wrote Children of the Alley, Salman Rushdie would have realized that he had to stay within bounds" after the Nobel Prize had revived interest in it. As a result, in 1994 – a day after the anniversary of the prize – Mahfouz was attacked and stabbed in the neck by two extremists outside his Cairo home. Mahfouz survived the attack, yet he suffered from its consequences until his death in 2006. Salman sai myös luovuttaa silmän silmästä loppupeleissä, yhtä tyhmänä kuin Daabas. Silmäpuoli Sinbad merenkulkija, Popeye the sailor man!
ellauri217.html on line 235: A little guy came to me and said: I am Gimli, servant of Alp-Öhi. She was so surprised that her nipple slipped from Kassen''s mouth. Kassen´s face puckered ready to cry, but she quickly gave him the nipple back. Kassen fell asleep as she sucked.
ellauri217.html on line 262: Trustee Kadri-Helena onkin varmaan se ketku jutku Ben Gurion tms joka sai atomipommin teko-ohjeen heimoveljiltä jenkeistä. Israel's first Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion was "nearly obsessed" with obtaining nuclear weapons to prevent the Holocaust from reoccurring. He stated, "What Einstein, Oppenheimer, and Teller, the three of them are Jews, made for the United States, could also be done by scientists in Israel, for their own people". Deborah Brand 3 Aug 2022 0 2:04 Israeli Prime Minister Yair Lapid said this week Israel has "other capabilities" against threats from Iran, in a rare allusion to the country's widely reported nuclear stockpile.
ellauri217.html on line 272: After a few minutes he came to and realized he was dead. Vuorenpeikko kuoli tyytyväisenä. Kuolema on suuresti alimainostettua, parasta bylsiä niin kauan kuin ottaa eteen pikkuveitikka. Osku napsi varmaan Viagraa kuin kuminalleja. Ihmeiden aika ei ole ohi, päinvastoin se oli vasta alkanut, pikku Oskun ylösnousemuksen mukana. Sen pituinen se, ja jos pikku Oskari olisi ollut yhtään pitempi, bühleinkin olisi vielä paxumpi. Ei pituus ole tärkeintä vaan paxuus, tiesi Piia Pipsukka, joka luki saxaxi Konsalikkia. Onnexi ei ole, eikä ollut.
ellauri217.html on line 304: "Er riß sich zusammen, fühlte sich idiotisch und flüchtete gedanklich zur Abwehr ins Ordinäre. Das sind Titten, was? … und er wunderte sich selbst über diese nie mehr erwartete, kraftvolle Erektion." „Hart“ und „realistisch“, oder? „Wer Konsalik liest, glaubt alles.“
ellauri217.html on line 700: The Council of Jerusalem or Apostolic Council was held in Jerusalem around AD 50. It is unique among the ancient pre-ecumenical councils in that it is considered by Catholics and Eastern Orthodox to be a prototype and forerunner of the later ecumenical councils and a key part of Christian ethics. The council decided that Gentile converts to Christianity were not obligated to keep most of the fasts, and other specific rituals, including the rules concerning circumcision of males. The Council did, however, retain the prohibitions on eating blood, meat containing blood, and meat of animals that were strangled, and on fornication and idolatry, sometimes referred to as the Apostolic Decree or Jerusalem Quadrilateral. The purpose and origin of these four prohibitions is debated.
ellauri217.html on line 704: The Council of Jerusalem is generally dated to 48 AD, roughly 15 to 25 years after the crucifixion of Jesus (between 26 and 36 AD). Acts 15 and Galatians 2 both suggest that the meeting was called to debate whether or not male Gentiles who were converting to become followers of Jesus were required to become circumcised; the rite of circumcision was considered execrable and repulsive during the period of Hellenization of the Eastern Mediterranean, and was especially adversed in Classical civilization both from ancient Greeks and Romans, which instead valued the foreskin positively.
ellauri217.html on line 705: The meeting was called to decide whether circumcision for gentile converts was requisite for community membership since certain individuals were teaching that "[u]nless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved". No foreskins can penetrate heaven. Tero ensin, mutta Esa jää ulkopuolelle, kassit myös.
ellauri217.html on line 707: The purpose of the meeting, according to Acts, was to resolve a disagreement in Antioch, which had wider implications than just circumcision, since circumcision is the "everlasting" sign of the Abrahamic covenant (Genesis 17:9–14). Some of the Pharisees who had become believers insisted that it was "needful to circumcise them, and to command [them] to keep the law of Moses" (KJV).
ellauri217.html on line 709: The primary issue which was addressed related to the requirement of circumcision, as the author of Acts relates, but other important matters arose as well, as the Apostolic Decree indicates. The dispute was between those, such as the followers of the "Pillars of the Church", led by Jeeves The Just (eikä melkein), who believed, following his interpretation of the Great Commission, that the church must observe the Torah, i.e. the rules of traditional Judaism, and Paul the Apostle, who believed there was no such necessity. The main concern for the Apostle Paul, which he subsequently expressed in greater detail with his letters directed to the early Christian communities in Asia Minor, was the inclusion of Gentiles into God´s newest Covenant, sending the message that faith in Christ is sufficient for salvation. (See also Supersessionism, New Covenant, Antinomianism, Hellenistic Judaism, and Paul the Apostle and Judaism).
ellauri217.html on line 711: At the council, following advice offered by Simon Peter (Acts 15:7–11 and Acts 15:14), Barnabas and Paul gave an account of their ministry among the gentiles (Acts 15:12), and the apostle James quoted from the words of the prophet Amos (Acts 15:16–17, quoting Amos 9:11–12). James added his own words to the quotation: "Known to God from eternity are all His works" and then submitted a proposal, which was accepted by the Church and became known as the Apostolic Decree:
ellauri217.html on line 717: It was stated by the Apostles and Elders in the council: "the Holy Spirit and we ourselves have favored adding no further burden to you, except these necessary things, to abstain from things sacrificed to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication. If you carefully keep yourselves from these things, you will prosper." (Acts 15:27–28)
ellauri217.html on line 719: In Jerusalem, before Paul gets arrested for operating on Timothy´s dick, the elders proceed to notify Paul of what seems to have been a common concern among Jewish believers, that he was teaching Diaspora Jewish converts to Christianity "to forsake Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children nor walk funnily according to our customs." The alders here express concern that Paul was not fully teaching the decision of the Jerusalem Council's letter to Gentiles, particularly in regard to non-strangled kosher meat, which contrasts with Paul's advice to Gentiles in Corinth, to "eat whatever is sold in the meat markets" (1 Corinthians 10:25).
ellauri217.html on line 725: The main outcome of Jeeves´s "Apostolic Decree" was that the requirement of circumcision for males was not obligatory for Gentile converts, possibly in order to make it easier for them to join the movement. However, the Council did retain the prohibitions against Gentile converts eating meat containing blood, or meat of animals not properly slain. It also retained the prohibitions against "fornication" (to be detailed later) and "idol worship". The Decree may have been a major act of differentiation of the Church from its Jewish roots. Idol worship has since gone way out of bounds among the gentiles with the Idols contest and suchlike.
ellauri217.html on line 729: For great as was the success of Barnabas and Paul in the heathen world, the authorities in Jerusalem insisted upon circumcision as the condition of admission of members into the Church, until, on the initiative of Peter, and of James, the head of the Jerusalem church, it was agreed that acceptance of the Noachian Laws—namely, regarding avoidance of idolatry, fornication, and the eating of flesh cut from a living animal—should be demanded of the heathen desirous of entering the Church.
ellauri217.html on line 730: Rebbe Emden, in a remarkable apology for Christianity contained in his appendix to "Seder 'Olam" (pp. 32b-34b, Hamburg, 1752), gives it as his opinion that the original intention of Jesus, and especially of Paul, was to convert only the Gentiles to the seven moral laws of Noah and to let the Jews follow the Mosaic law—which explains the apparent contradictions in the New Testament regarding the laws of Moses and the Sabbath.
ellauri217.html on line 734: Paul, on the other hand, not only did not object to the observance of the Mosaic Law, as long as it did not interfere with the liberty of the Gentiles, but he conformed to its prescriptions when occasion required (1Corinthians 9:20). Thus he shortly after circumcised Timothy (Acts 16:1–3), and he was in fact in the very act of observing that Mosaic ritual with Tim when he was arrested at Jerusalem (Acts 21:26 sqq.) Or so he said.
ellauri219.html on line 73:

Leo Gorcey (image was removed from cover, but a space remains)
ellauri219.html on line 143:

Mahatma Gandhi was planned for this position, but was deleted prior to publication
ellauri219.html on line 156: The author of the 1894 book The Holy Science, which attempted “to show as clearly as possible that there is an essential unity in all religions,” Sir Yukteswar Girl was guru to both Sir Mahatavara Babaji (No.27) and Paramahansa Yogananda (No.33). His prominent position in the top left-hand corner reflects George Harrison’s (No.65) growing interest in Indian philosophy. In August 1967, two months after the album’s release, The Beatles had their first meeting with the Maharashi Mahesh Yogi, at the Hilton Hotel on London’s Park Lane, where they were invited to study Transcendental Meditation in Bangor, North Wales.
ellauri219.html on line 161: A hugely prolific occultist and author who formed his own religion, Thelema, Crowley’s central tenet was, “Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the law. Love is the law, love under will.”
ellauri219.html on line 163: Thelema on brittiläisen okkultistin Aleister Crowleyn vuonna 1904 Egyptissä perustama uskonto. Crowleya pidetään theleman profeettana Terry Pratchettin ohella. Nykyisin thelemaa harjoittaa ainakin Ordo Templi Orientis. Theleman tärkein pyhä kirja on Crowleyn Liber AL vel Legis eli Lain kirja, jonka Crowleyn mukaan Achwas-niminen henki, aioni, saneli hänen Rose-vaimonsa kautta ("tuntuu jo lopettelevan"). Theleman harjoittajia kutsutaan "thelemiiteiksi".
ellauri219.html on line 187: Mae West initially refused to allow her image to appear on the artwork. She was, after all, one of the most famous bombshells from Hollywood’s Golden Age and felt that she would never be in a lonely hearts club. However, after The Beatles personally wrote to her explaining that they were all fans, she agreed to let them use her image. In 1978, Ringo Starr (No.63) returned the favor when he appeared in West’s final movie, 1978’s Sextette. The film also featured a cover version of the “White Album” song “Honey Pie.” P.S. Mae Westillä oli melko mahtavat maitomunat ja varmaan herkullinen mesipiiras. Vaikka jäävät kyllä 2:si Savonlinnan Paskalle.
ellauri219.html on line 194: Leonard Alfred Schneider (October 13, 1925 – August 3, 1966), known professionally as Lenny Bruce, was an American stand-up comedian, social critic, and satirist. Samanikäinen kuin Tony Curtis, ja samanlainen vale-anglosaxi, Levantin kuomuneniä kumpikin. He was renowned for his open, free-wheeling, and critical style of comedy which contained satire, politics, religion, sex, and vulgarity. His 1964 conviction in an obscenity trial was followed by a posthumous pardon in 2003. Saat anteexi, mutta älä enää koskaan niin tee.
ellauri219.html on line 196: His parents divorced before he was 10, and he lived with various relatives over the next decade. His British-born father, Myron (Mickey) Schneider, was a shoe clerk; they saw each other very infrequently. His mother, Sally Marr (legal name Sadie Schneider, born Sadie Kitchenberg), was a stage performer and dancer and had an enormous influence on Bruce's career. He defiantly convinced his ship's medical officer that he was experiencing homosexual urges toward him, leading to his dishonorable discharge in July 1945. However, he had not admitted to or been found guilty of any breach of naval regulations, and successfully applied to change his discharge to "Under Honorable Conditions ... by reason of unsuitability for the naval service". At Hanson's diner Bruce met Joe Anjovis (named by his taste) who had a profound influence on Bruce's approach to comedy.
ellauri219.html on line 198: Branded a "sick comic", Bruce was essentially blacklisted from television, and when he did appear, thanks to sympathetic fans like Hefner and Steve Allen, it was with great concessions to Broadcast Standards and Practices. Jokes that might offend, like an extremely boring routine on airplane-glue-sniffing teenagers that was done live for The Steve Allen Show in 1959, had to be typed out and pre-approved by network officials. On his debut on Allen's show, Bruce made an unscripted comment on the recent marriage of Elizabeth Taylor to Eddie Fisher, wondering, "Will Elizabeth Taylor become bat mitzvahed?"
ellauri219.html on line 200: Horny and Lenny had a tumultuous relationship. Many serious domestic incidents occurred between them, usually the result of serious drug use. His greatest fear was getting his act down pat. On this night, he rose to every chance stimulus, every interruption and noise and distraction, with a mad volleying of mental images that suggested the fantastic riches of Charlie Parker's horn. Like the Bird's, his show got gradually only worse.
ellauri219.html on line 202: On October 4, 1961, Bruce was arrested for obscenity at the Jazz Workshop in San Francisco, where he had used the word "cocksucker", and "he probably can't come". Although the jury acquitted him, other law enforcement agencies began monitoring his appearances, resulting in frequent arrests under obscenity charges.
ellauri219.html on line 207: Bruce was arrested again in West Hollywood. The charge this time was that the comedian had used the word "schmuck", an insulting Yiddish word that was also considered a term for "penis". In April the next year he was barred from entering the United Kingdom by the Home Office as an "undesirable alien".
ellauri219.html on line 209: An all-male panel presided over his widely publicized six-month trial, Bruce and Howard Solomon were found guilty of obscenity on November 4, 1964. The conviction was announced despite positive testimony and petitions of support from—among other obscene artists, writers and educators — Woody Allen, Bob Dylan, Jules Feiffer, Allen Ginsberg, Norman Mailer, William Styron, and James Baldwin, and Manhattan journalist and television personality Dorothy Kilgallen and sociologist Herbert Gans. Bruce was sentenced on December 21, 1964, to four months in dryhouse (suivahuone); he was set free on bail during the appeals process and died before the appeal was decided, just like Master Eckehart.
ellauri219.html on line 211: Bruce paved the way for kitchen counter culture-era comedians. His trial for obscenity was a landmark of freedom of speech in the United States. Vittu mikä vapaan puheen edustaja, helvetti. In 2017, Rolling Stone magazine ranked him third (behind Richard Pryor and George Carlin) on its list of the 50 best stand-up comics of all time. "Olen offensiivinen", kalansilmä narsisti. Virnuilee koko ajan omille vizeilleen. Good riddance of bad rubbish.
ellauri219.html on line 219: An American writer, comedian, and actor, WC Fields was the epitome of the all-around entertainer, whose career spanned both the silent film era and the talkies. His humor seeped into The Beatles’ own, while the vaudeville world he came from would also go on to influence songs the likes of “Your Mother Should Know.” W. C. Fields oli yhdysvaltalainen koomikko, joka esiintyi ensin vaudevillessa ja teatterissa, ja vuodesta 1930 alkaen äänielokuvissa. Fields oli yksi aikansa suosituimmista elokuvakoomikoista. Hänen todellisuutta vastaava roolihahmonsa tunnetaan nasaaliäänestään, epäsosiaalisuudestaan ja persoudestaan alkoholille. Hän esitti joko leuhkaa huijarityyppiä tai vaimonsa nalkutuksesta kärsivää aviomiestä. Hänen hahmonsa olivat persoja alkoholille, puhuivat karkeuksia eivätkä voineet sietää lapsia tai koiria.The oft-repeated anecdote that Fields refused to drink water "because fish fuck in it" is unsubstantiated. Vastenmielinen.
ellauri219.html on line 223: Another progressive thinker who introduced new strains of psychology to the world, Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist whose Analytic Psychology school of thought pioneered the concept of individuation and self-realization in the early 1900s. Tästä huijarista on paasattu toisaalla jo tarpeexi.
ellauri219.html on line 231: In contrast to Mae West (No.3), Fred Astaire was reportedly thrilled to be asked to appear on the Sgt Pepper album cover. A child star who initially started dancing with his sister on stage, it was with Ginger Rogers that Fred made his greatest mark, in a series of classic Golden Age movies including Top Hat and Swing Time. He also appeared with John and Yoko in the 1972 television film Imagine. Limainen mafioso luikero.
ellauri219.html on line 236: Born in 1938, American painter and illustrator Richard Merkin was enamored with the early jazz period that flourished in the years before his birth. His modernist style matched the abstraction of jazz music, and also inspired Peter Blake’s tribute artwork, Souvenirs For Richard Merkin, created in 1966.
ellauri219.html on line 245:

Tonto's horse was called Scout. When the Lone Ranger shouted "Hi-ho, Silver-away!" Tonto would mumble "Get-um up, Scout".

ellauri219.html on line 250: Along with Huntz Hall (No.13), Leo Gorcey was one of The Bowery Boys, a group of on-screen hoodlums who grew out of The Dead End Kids and The East Side Kids. Their movie franchise ran throughout the 40s and 50s, and totaled 48 films. As the gang’s leader, Gorcey was a prototype street thug who set the template for many to follow, though he refused to let The Beatles use his image unless they paid him a fee, which was declined.
ellauri219.html on line 255: A fellow Bowery Boy, Huntz Hall was known for playing the putz of the group, Horace DeBussy “Sach” Jones.
ellauri219.html on line 260: Born in Italy in 1870, Simon Rodia emigrated to the United States with his brother when he was 15. Living in various places for the next 35 years, Rodia finally settled in the Watts district of Los Angeles in 1920, and began constructing the Watts Towers the following year. Consisting of 17 interconnected sculptures, the project took Rodia 33 years to complete.
ellauri219.html on line 265: Dylan and The Beatles influenced each other throughout the 60s, each spurring the other on to making music that pushed boundaries and reshaped what was thought possible of the simple “pop song.” It was Dylan who convinced John Lennon (No.62) to write more personal songs in the shape of “Help!,” while The Beatles showed Bob what could be achieved with a full band behind him, helping the latter “go electric” in 1965. It was with George Harrison (No.65), however, that Dylan struck up the longest-lasting friendship; the two played together often in the years that followed, forming The Traveling Wilburys and guesting on each other’s projects.
ellauri219.html on line 270: The influence of Aubrey Beardsley’s pen-and-ink line drawings had already made itself felt on Klaus Voormann’s artwork for Revolver, and here the 19th-century illustrator, whose own style was influenced by Japanese woodcutting, takes a position not too far away from Oscar Wilde (No.41), Beardsley’s contemporary in the Aesthetic movement.
ellauri219.html on line 280: Published in 1954, Aldous Huxley’s work, The Doors Of Perception, was required reading for the countercultural elite in the 60s. Detailing the author’s own experience of taking mescaline, it chimed with the consciousness-expanding ethos of the decade, and even gave The Doors their name. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature in seven different years and died on November 22, 1963, the same day that both With The Beatles was released and President John F Kennedy was assassinated. Aldousin veli oli Sir Julian Sorell Huxley (22. kesäkuuta 1887 - 14. helmikuuta 1975) oli brittiläinen biologi, joka kannusti pelagiolaista Teilhard de Chardinia. Huxleyt oli kaiken kaikkiaan hyvin suspekteja.
ellauri219.html on line 285: A beloved Welsh poet who died in 1953, The Beatles had all been fans of Dylan Thomas’ poetry by the time it came to creating the Sgt. Pepper’s artwork. “We all used to like Dylan Thomas,” Paul McCartney (No.64) later recalled. “I read him a lot. I think that John started writing because of him.” The late producer George Martin was also a fan, and even created a musical version of Thomas’ radio play, Under Milk Wood, in 1988.
ellauri219.html on line 290: A satirical novelist and screenwriter, Terry Southern bridged the gap between the Beat Generation and The Beatles; he hung out with the former in Greenwich Village, and befriended the latter after moving to London in 1966. His dialogue was used in some of the most era-defining movies of the 60s, including Dr. Strangelove Or: How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Love The Bomb and Easy Rider.
ellauri219.html on line 300: Striking and versatile, Tony Curtis was a Hollywood idol who made a dizzying amount of movies (over 100) between 1949 and 2008. He will always be remembered for his role alongside Jack Lemmon and Marilyn Monroe (No.25) in the 1959 cross-dressing caper Some Like It Hot, but another stand-out remains his performance alongside Burt Lancaster as fast-talking press agent Sidney Falco in the 1957 film noir The Sweet Smell Of Success. Tässä jää nyt mainizematta Veijareita ja pyhimyksiä (The Persuaders!), ITC Entertainmentin 1970–1971 tuottama televisiosarja. Sen pääosissa esiintyivät Tony Curtis (Danny Wilde) ja Roger Moore (lordi Brett Sinclair; koko nimi Brett Rupert George Robert Andrew Sinclair, Marnockin 15. jaarli). Sitä tehtiin 24 jaksoa. Tony ja Roger eivät voineet sietää toisiaan. Läskiintynyt Tony kuoli kasarina sydämen pysähdyxeen. Rooger aateloitiin, vaikkei käynyt loppuun edes teatterikoulua. “But because of the war there were 16 girls in every class to four boys so while I didn’t learn that much about acting, I learned a hell of a lot about sex.”
ellauri219.html on line 301: Once the job was done, said Sir
ellauri219.html on line 304: “But I’m not putting him down. He was a wonderful actor and we were good friends – although we became better friends when we finished shooting. He really wanted to feel that he was in control, though actually it was me who was his boss." Tony oli Roogeria 2v vanhempi. Rooger eli 5v vanhemmaxi.
ellauri219.html on line 314: Like Max Miller (No.37), Tommy Handley was another British wartime comedian. Born in Liverpool, he would have been a local hero for The Beatles, and his BBC radio show, ITMA (“It’s That Man Again”) ran for ten years, from 1939 to 1949, until Handley’s sudden death from a brain hemorrhage.
ellauri219.html on line 319: Something of a Mae West (No.3) for her generation, Marilyn Monroe starred alongside Tony Curtis (No.22) in Some Like It Hot, and became the Hollywood pin-up of the 50s. Her shock death still attracts conspiracy theories; Sgt. Pepper was officially released on what would have been her 41st birthday ( June 1, 1967).
ellauri219.html on line 324: From Bob Dylan (No.15) to David Bowie, Tom Waits to Steely Dan, Beat Generation author Burroughs has influenced many a songwriter over the decades. Less known is that, according to Burroughs himself, he witnessed Paul McCartney (No.64) working on “Eleanor Rigby.” As quoted in A Report From The Bunker, a collection of conversations with author Victor Bockris, Burroughs recalled McCartney putting him up in The Beatles’ flat on 34 Montagu Square: “I saw the song taking shape. Once again, not knowing much about music, I could see that he knew what he was doing.”
ellauri219.html on line 329: A student of Sir Yukteswar Girl (No.1), Sir Mahatavara Babaji is said to have revived the practice of Kriya Yoga meditation, which was then taken to the West by Paramahansa Yogananda (No.33). In the latter’s memoir, Autobiography Of A Yogi, Yogananda claims that Babaji still lives in the Himalayas, but will only reveal himself to the truly blessed.
ellauri219.html on line 334: Together, Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy (No.30) appeared in 107 films, mostly from the late 20s to the mid-40s, including iconic outings Block-Heads and Way Out West. Both had passed away before Sgt. Pepper was released: Hardy on August 7, 1957, and Laurel on February 23, 1965.
ellauri219.html on line 339: Lindner was born in Germany in 1901, but moved to the US in 1941, in order to escape the Nazis. In the 50s he developed a style of painting that drew upon Expressionism and Surrealism, along with the hyper-sexualised lifestyle that he encountered in New York. After appearing on the Sgt. Pepper cover, his abstract style would find echoes in the animated feature film Yellow Submarine.
ellauri219.html on line 369: A friend of John Lennon’s (No.62) dating back to their time studying at Liverpool College Of Art, Stuart Sutcliffe was The Beatles’ original bassist. While the group were living in Hamburg and playing around the city’s clubs, Sutcliffe met photographer Astrid Kirchherr, who gave The Beatles their distinctive early 60s haircuts. Sutcliffe left the group in order to enroll in the Hamburg College Of Art, but his career was tragically cut short when he died, aged 21, from a brain aneurysm.
ellauri219.html on line 379: Another vaudeville star, British comic Max Miller picked up the nickname “The Cheeky Chappie.” Known for his colorful dress sense and his risqué humor, Miller was the master of the double entendre. He also appeared in a number of films throughout the 30s.
ellauri219.html on line 404: A Hollywood heartthrob of the 30s, 40s, and 50s, Tyrone Power was known for starring as the titular hero in the swashbuckling adventure film The Mark Of Zorro, though he also played the role of outlaw cowboy Jesse James, and starred in musicals, romantic comedies, and war movies.
ellauri219.html on line 414: It’s probably fair to say that Dr. Livingstone was to geographic exploration what The Beatles were to sonic innovation: fearless, ever questing, and mapping out new territories for the world. The famous “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?” saying remains in common use today, and can be traced back to a meeting between Livingstone and explorer Henry Morton Stanley, who’d been sent on an expedition to find the former, who had been missing for six years. Livingstone was discovered in the town of Ujiji, in what is now known as Tanzania.
ellauri219.html on line 419: An Olympic gold-medallist of the 20s, Johnny Weissmuller first made a name for himself as a swimmer before turning his eye to Hollywood. It was as Tarzan that he made his biggest mark on popular culture, returning to the role in a series of films and devising an iconic yell forever associated with the jungle hero.
ellauri219.html on line 424: Barely visible tucked in between the head and raised arm of Issy Bonn (No.47), Stephen Crane was a Realist novelist who, though dying aged 28, in 1900, is regarded as one of the most forward-thinking writers of his generation. His work incorporated everyday speech, which gave his characters an added realism, and his novels took an unflinching look at poverty.
ellauri219.html on line 429: A contemporary of Max Miller (No.37), Issy Bonn was a British-Jewish vaudeville star who also found fame on BBC Radio.
ellauri219.html on line 434: George Bernard Shaw was an Irish playwright who helped shape modern theatre. The first person to receive both a Nobel Prize (in 1925, for Literature) and an Oscar (in 1939, for Best Adapted Screenplay, for Pygmalion). His works continue to be staged in the 21st Century.
ellauri219.html on line 444: Like Tommy Handley, Albert Stubbins (No.24) was a local Liverpool hero. Born in Wallsend, he became center-forward for Liverpool FC in 1946, where he helped the team win the League Championship the following year.
ellauri219.html on line 459: Immortalized in the 1962 film Lawrence Of Arabia, in which he was played by Peter O’Toole, TE Lawrence was a British archaeologist and military officer who became a liaison to the Arab forces during the Arab Revolt of 1916 to 1918. His 1922 book, Seven Pillars Of Wisdom, recounted his experiences during the war and laid the foundations for much of his legend.
ellauri219.html on line 469: Like its counterpart (No.38), this Petty Girl was one of a series of paintings by George Petty.
ellauri219.html on line 475: The very definition of a “triple threat,” Shirley Temple was an actress, singer, and dancer who became a child star in the 30s. She also appears on the Sgt. Pepper album cover three times over, her hair poking out from between the wax figures of John Lennon (No.62) and Ringo Starr (No.63), and also standing in front of the model of Diana Dors (No.70). There’s also a cloth figure of the star off to the far right, wearing a jumper emblazoned with the slogan “Welcome The Rolling Stones.”
ellauri219.html on line 480: Barely visible above John Lennon’s right shoulder (No.62), Albert Einstein was a physicist whose theory of relativity was light years ahead of its time and changed the world forever.
ellauri219.html on line 488: Like Shirley Temple (Nos.58, 71, and 73), Bobby Breen was a child star of the 30s. After enlisting in the military and entertaining the troops during World War II he became a nightclub singer, and, in 1964, even made some recordings for Berry Gordy’s Motown label.
ellauri219.html on line 493: Just as The Beatles did, Marlene Dietrich had continually reinvented herself, moving from silent movies filmed in 20s Berlin to high-profile Hollywood films of the 30s, before taking to the stage as a live performer later in her career. In November 1963 she appeared at the same Royal Variety Performance as The Beatles and was famously photographed with them.
ellauri219.html on line 498: Famed for his non-violent protests and for leading the movement for Indian independence from British rule, Mahatma Gandhi was ultimately removed from the Sgt. Pepper album cover due to concerns that the use of his image would cause offense to the people of India.
ellauri219.html on line 515: Created by Jann Haworth, then-wife of Peter Blake, and co-creator of the Sgt Pepper album cover, this cloth grandmother doll was one of a number of stuffed artworks she made from textiles.
ellauri219.html on line 525: If the Tree Of Life candlestick (No.74) represented a more traditional way of telling a story, the portable TV9-306YB Sony television set was a wholly modern storytelling apparatus in 1967.
ellauri219.html on line 528: Along with the stone figure (No.77) that can be seen below the feet of the Shirley Temple doll (No.73), the stone figure of a girl (No.76) was one of a number of statues that John Lennon (No.62) and George Harrison (No.65) brought from their homes for inclusion on the cover. The most prominent of these is the bust positioned to the right of the bass drum (No.78), which came from Lennon’s house Kenwood, in Weybridge, Surrey, where he lived from 1964 to 1969.
ellauri219.html on line 533: It’s said that the trophy nestling in the crook of the “L” of “BEATLES” was a swimming trophy awarded to John Lennon (No.62) when he was a child.
ellauri219.html on line 543: The famous Sgt Pepper drum skin shows one of two designs by Joe Ephgrave, a fairground artist. His second design used more modern lettering and was attached to the other side of the bass drum, giving the group two options during the photoshoot.
ellauri219.html on line 581: Two of his brothers died in childhood because they had contracted fatal illnesses from him. In 1928, the seven-year-old Rawls contracted diphtheria. His brother Bobby, younger by 20 months, visited him in his room and was fatally infected. The next winter, Rawls contracted pneumonia. Another younger brother, Tommy, caught the illness from him and died.

Hahaa, sun vika John! Olet perisyntinen!
ellauri219.html on line 583: At Princeton, Rawls was influenced by Norman Malcolm, Ludwig Wittgenstein's dumb student. During his last two years at Princeton, he "became deeply concerned with theology and its doctrines." He considered attending a seminary to study for the Episcopal priesthood and wrote an "intensely religious senior thesis (BI)." In his 181-page long thesis titled "Meaning of Sin and Faith," Rawls attacked Pelagianism because it "would render the Cross of Christ to no effect." His argument was partly drawn from Karl Marx's book On the Jewish Question, which criticized the idea that natural inequality in ability could be a just determiner of the distribution of wealth in society. Even after Rawls became an atheist, many of the anti-Pelagian arguments he used were repeated in A Theory of Justice. Pelagianism is a heretical Christian theological position that holds that the original sin did not taint human nature and that humans by divine grace have free will to achieve human perfection. Pelagius (c. 355 – c. 420 AD), an ascetic and philosopher from the British Isles, taught that God could not command believers to do the impossible, and therefore it must be possible to satisfy all divine commandments. He also taught that it was unjust to punish one person for the sins of another; therefore, infants are born blameless. Pelagius accepted no excuse for sinful behavior and taught that all Christians, regardless of their station in life, should live unimpeachable, sinless lives, or else... Se oli tollanen humanisti, mitä Hippo aivan erityisesti inhosi. Vittu eihän sitten mitään kirkkoa ja pappeja edes tarvittaisi. Jeesus jäisi työttömäxi, Jahve eläkkeelle.
ellauri219.html on line 585: To a large degree, "Pelagianism" was defined by its opponent Augustine, and exact definitions remain elusive. Although Pelagianism had considerable support in the contemporary Christian world, especially among the Roman elite and monks, it was attacked by Augustine and his supporters, who had opposing views on grace, predestination and free will. Augustine proved victorious in the Pelagian controversy; Pelagianism was decisively condemned at the 418 Council of Carthage and is still regarded as heretical by the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church.

Burn in hell Pelagius, go jump in the fiery lake! Vitun humanisti!
ellauri219.html on line 588: Rawls enlisted in the U.S. Army in February 1943. During World War II, Rawls served as an infantryman in the Pacific, where he served a tour of duty in New Guinea and was awarded a Bronze Star; and the Philippines, where he endured intensive trench warfare and witnessed traumatizing scenes of violence and bloodshed. It was there that he lost his Christian faith and became an atheist.
ellauri219.html on line 592: Following the surrender of Japan, Rawls became part of General MacArthur's occupying army and was promoted to sergeant. But he became disillusioned with the military when he saw the aftermath of the atomic blast in Hiroshima. Rawls then disobeyed an order to discipline a fellow soldier, "believing no punishment was justified," and was "demoted back to a private." Disenchanted, he left the military in January 1946.
ellauri219.html on line 597: In his autobiographical essay, “On My Religion,” Rawls explains why he abandoned his orthodox Christian beliefs in spite of the deeply religious temperament that informed his life and writings. In particular, he recounts how his personal experiences during the Second World War, and especially his awareness of the Holocaust, led him to question whether prayer was possible. “To interpret history as expressing God’s will, God’s will must accord with the most basic ideas of justice as we know them. For what else can the most basic justice be? Thus, I soon came to reject the idea of the supremacy of the divine will as [like the Holocaust] also hideous and evil.” Furthermore, by studying the history of the Inquisition Rawls came to “think of the denial of religious freedom and liberty of conscience as a very great evil,” such that “it makes the claims of the Popes to infallibility impossible to accept.” Finally, his reading of Jean Bodin’s thoughts about toleration led him to claim that religions should be “each reasonable, and accept the idea of public reason and its idea of the domain of the political.” Against this background, it is no wonder that Rawls considers the very concept of religious truth as authoritarian and intolerant, and the ensuing persecution of dissenters as the curse of Christianity.
ellauri219.html on line 742: Before the 20th century, history indicates the Indian yoga scene was dominated by other Yoga texts such as the Bhagavad Gita, Yoga Vasistha and Yoga Yajnavalkya.
ellauri219.html on line 746: Patanjali is often stated as having claimed there was a hostility between the orthodox Brahminic (Astika) groups and the heterodox, swAstika groups (Buddhism, Jainism, and atheists), like that between a mongoose and a snake. Nathan McGovern argues Patanjali never used this mongoose-snake analogy. But who IS McGovern? Joku juippi quelconque: Nathan McGovern, Credentials:Associate Professor,
ellauri219.html on line 796: No it is not because of Trump. People outside of America slagged off the US in the Clinton years, and the Nixon years, and the Eisenhower years. The negative perception was cemented in the 60s, and everything since has been confirmation bias. So what had happened? Two obviously invasive lost wars in Indochina and nasty machinations here and there, Middle East and South America in particular. Pretty obvious what the fuckheads were (and are) up to: world conquest for the cause of American capitalism, nothing less.
ellauri219.html on line 800: No it’s not *just* American military adventurism, although that’s certainly a key factor in much of the world. (When my uncle welcomed me in Athens while I was living in California, he said, “So, nephew, you’re living in America, huh? … Americans, murderers of the nations.” The expression was proverbial in the Greek left. And since the Yugoslav Wars, the Greek right as well.)
ellauri219.html on line 802: The reason is that America was the first to have become a world hegemon mostly through soft power. Where by soft I mean soft as in a thick wad of bucks.
ellauri219.html on line 815: You’re hearing it even now, in the tedious whataboutism from the Global South (the new enemy, now that Global North is practically ours) about Ukraine. People expect Putin’s Russia to elbow neighbours aside in pursuit of security. That’s what imperial Athens did to Melos. They don’t expect any better. But America? America said it was better. So what? Who in their right mind would believe them? They are a nation of used car salesmen. It still does, with its advocacy of human rights. That’s why the non-stop whataboutist refrain from them is that America is hypocritical. Which it is, to a fault.
ellauri219.html on line 822: Because he knew that this venture was not the Safe for Democracy mission that Wilson had in mind, and that stuck in his craw. It stuck in his craw, because he too wanted to believe that America had been making the world Safe for Democracy. But we loyally sent our troops in anyway, under the banner of the Treaty of Westphalia, not Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
ellauri219.html on line 824: That naive optimism was weaponised in American mass culture as a vehicle of hegemony, but it was no less sincerely articulated for it—and to a more cynical, war-weary audience outside of America, the response vacillated between envy and irritation, depending on how attached the audience it was to its own culture, how susceptible to the siren call of Blue Jeans and Coke, how impoverished, and how insecure. (Insecure goes both ways in the response.)
ellauri219.html on line 830: You’re not, but you’re the culture with the megaphone. People are paying disproportionate attention to your stupidity. And when stupid suckers elsewhere discover that the streets of Hollywood are not paved with gold, they truly are crestfallen, to an extent they wouldn’t be with Moscow, or Paris. Just as they were crestfallen to discover that the States was just another empire after all.
ellauri219.html on line 832: And there is something… “gee willywickers” about the way Truth Justice and The American Way have been inflated in American mass culture, quite plausibly rooted in that class insecurity, that makes outside cultural elites (and the people that follow after them) reflexively sneer, once they realise the foundations are rotten. Add to this the ludicrous fact that America has no high culture. These are disappointed suitors: they’re not going to console themselves over the emptiness of Scrooge McDuck by turning to Wilt Whatman. Who was no better off than Scrooge by way of civility.
ellauri219.html on line 954: The police blanketed the 23-year-old woman and asked her questions to determine her state of mind. She was unable to answer who she was, what day it was, or what kind of moron the President of the United States was. She was able to explain that she was “bipolar,” but though she was on “prescription medication,” she was uncertain if she had been taking it recently. A neighbor gave her some clothes, and she was taken to jail on charges of open or gross lewdness. The dog meanwhile was taken stark naked into the custody of Animal Control on similar charges and executed fortwith without trial. "We had to let him go", said the sheriff ruefully.
ellauri219.html on line 956: Joyce Yeaw will likely never forget the day in April 2010 she tried to return some borrowed cheese to Jordan Peterson’s roommate. Once she arrived, she saw Peterson having sex with his pit bull on his bed. Understandably horrified, Yeaw called the cops, but Peterson convinced the officers that he was “just hugging his dog” and he escaped arrest. Two months later, Yeaw again entered the residence, and saw Peterson having sex with the pit bull a second time—on the living room floor. Yeaw called the cops again, and this time, he was arrested.
ellauri219.html on line 958: Yeaw said, “He was having sex with the dog, it was disgusting.” Peterson said in court that he was “sexually aroused from accidental contact with the animal’s rear,” but insisted that happened as he was “just playing with the dog.”
ellauri219.html on line 969: Eisensteinillä ei ollut leffaa nimeltä Underworld. There have been debates about Eisenstein's sexuality, with a film covering Eisenstein's homosexuality allegedly running into difficulties in Russia. Eisenstein confessed his asexuality to his close friend Marie Seton: "Those who say that I am homosexual are wrong. I have never noticed and do not notice this. If I was homosexual I would say so, directly. But the whole point is that I have never experienced a homosexual attraction, even towards Grisha, despite the fact I have some bisexual tendency in the intellectual dimension like, for example, Balzac or Zola." Eisenstein joi paljon maitoa. Maito oli silloin pulloissa, muistatko? Hän oli menninkäismäinen miesoletettu.
ellauri219.html on line 973: The Rockettes were created in 1925, but the first non-white Rockette, a Japanese-born woman named Setsuko Maruhashi, was not hired until 1985. The Rockettes did not allow dark-skinned dancers into the dance line until 1987. The justification for this policy was that such women would supposedly distract from the consistent look of the dance group.The first African American Rockette was Jennifer Jones; selected in 1987, she made her debut in 1988 at the Super Bowl halftime show. The next person with a visible but different disability hired by the Rockettes (Sydney Mesher, missing a left hand) was hired in 2019. The first Rockette with hairy bollocks and a huge boner remains to be hired yet.
ellauri219.html on line 975: Underworld (also released as Paying the Penalty) is a 1927 American silent crime film directed by Josef von Sternberg and starring Clive Brook, Evelyn Brent and George Bankrupt. The film launched Sternberg's eight-year collaboration with Paramount Pictures, with whom he would produce his seven films with actress Marlene Dietrich. Journalist and screenwriter Ben Hecht won an Academy Award for Best Original Story. Time felt the film was realistic in some parts, but disliked the Hollywood cliché of turning an evil character's heart to gold at the end. Filmmaker and surrealist Luis Buñuel named Underworld as his all time favorite film. Critic Andrew Sarris cautions that Underworld does not qualify as "the first gangster film" as Sternberg "showed little interest in the purely gangsterish aspects of the genre" nor the "mechanics of mob power." Film critic Dave Kehr, on the other hand, writing for the Chicago Reader in 2014, rates Underworld as one of the great gangster films of the silent era. "The film established the fundamental elements of the gangster movie: a hoodlum hero; ominous, night-shrouded city streets; floozies; and a blazing finale in which the cops cut down the protagonist."
ellauri219.html on line 1010: Rachel Kushner (born 1968) is an American writer, known for her novels Telex from Cuba (2008), The Flamethrowers (2013), and The Mars Room (2018). She looks like a little rodent. Kushner was born in Eugene, Oregon, the daughter of two Communist scientists, one Jewish and one Unitarian, whom she has called "deeply unconventional people from the beatnik generation." One of her influences is the American novelist Don DeLillo. Big surprise. Rachel is one of America's most shortlisted writers.
ellauri219.html on line 1012: Underworld is a novel, quite simply, about what was experienced in the United States in the second half of the 20th century. An era shaped by the advent and then cancellation of the Bretton Woods agreement. Nuclear proliferation. The withering away and relocation of American manufacturing, and the rise of global capitalism. Jazz. The Cuban missile crisis (through the voice, as DeLillo has it, of the smirking standup comedian Lenny Bruce). Civil tights. The CIA. Bombs on university campuses. Artists on New York rooftops, and around them, the old industrial framework of bygone city life, something aesthetic and exotic, either marvelled at or ignored, take your pick.
ellauri219.html on line 1024: The American sublime, as Harold Bloom has said, “is always also an American irony”. Jayne Mansfield's bumper bullets. People hugging their pit bulls sexually and getting 15 years for it. Do you know what Teilhard de Chardin called the “noosphere”? Not the foggiest. I think what Rachel has in mind here is the Internet. Who is or was Teilhard anyway? Teilhard was mentioned by Pynchon, see album 69. Not a very memorable character apparently. Tässä Pierren tärkeimpiä läppiä, aika heruttavia:
ellauri219.html on line 1030: Teilhard served in World War I as a stretcher-bearer. He received several citations for speeding. In 1962, with Pierre safely out of this world, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith condemned several of Teilhard's works based on their alleged ambiguities and doctrinal errors. He was a leading proponent of orthogenesis, the idea that evolution occurs in a directional, goal-driven way. Teilhard made sense of the universe by assuming it had a vitalist evolutionary process. When our talk touched on St. Augustine, he exclaimed violently: 'Don’t mention that unfortunate man; he spoiled everything by introducing the supernatural.'" Teilhard siis oli selvä pelagiolainen humanisti! Teilhard has been criticized as incorporating common notions of Social Darwinism and scientific racism into his work, along with support for eugenics, though he has also been defended for doing so by theologian John Haught.
ellauri220.html on line 69: The theme was the March from Prokofiev's The Love for Three Oranges, arranged for small symphony orchestra by Amedeo De Filippi, with Vladimir Selinksy conducting. The music was accompanied by a chant of "L-A-V-A," in reference to the show's sponsor being Lava soap.
ellauri220.html on line 79: This poem was originally called "Sun-Down Poem" (1856), and the present title was given it in 1860. It was substantially revised in 1881. The major image in the poem is the ferry. It symbolizes continual movement, backward and forward, a universal motion in space and time.
ellauri220.html on line 81: Mixi Wilt kumitti sitä 20vee myöhemmin? Ahaa, Brooklyn Bridge valmistui. Walt Whitman wrote "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry" before the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge (which was completed in 1883). 50v tuli täyteen Wilhon matkustaessa itään päin, 100v suunnilleen Löllön pesispelin aikoihin. 150v synttäri olis ollut joskus Irakin invaasion ja pankkikriisin välimailla.
ellauri220.html on line 86: I am he who knew what it was to be evil,
ellauri220.html on line 166: Svenskanin lavalla Mansfield muun muassa soitti viulua varsin taitavasti. Mansfield oli esiintymisajankohtana viidennellä kuukaudella raskaana, minkä povipommina tunnettu tähti halusi tuon ajan lehtitietojen mukaan peitellä runsailla plyymeillä. Tytär Mariska Hargitay syntyi 23. tammikuuta 1964. Mariska is not half the dish her mother was. Blame Mickey, he was not a pretty face though muscular.
ellauri220.html on line 187: The Zapruder film is a silent 8mm color motion picture sequence shot by Abraham Zapruder with a Bell & Howell home-movie camera, as United States President John F. Kennedy's motorcade passed through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963. The film captures the moment of the President's assassination. Abraham Zapruder (May 15, 1905 – August 30, 1970) was a Ukrainian-born American clothing manufacturer.
ellauri220.html on line 189: In 1994, the footage was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, and aesthetically significant".
ellauri220.html on line 222: Nick ShayNick Shay is a waste-management worker who spends the novel coming to grips with his troubled past.
ellauri220.html on line 227: Mario BadalatoMario Badalato is the mobster who assures Nick Shay his father wasn't killed in a hit.
ellauri220.html on line 228: Big SimsBig Sims is one of Nick Shay's coworkers in the waste-management business. He's African American and often talks about how his experiences differ from Nick's.
ellauri220.html on line 229: BronziniBronzini was Nick Shay's high school teacher and Klara Sax's husband before her affair with Nick.
ellauri220.html on line 236: DetwilerDetwiler is Nick Shay's boss at the waste-management plant.
ellauri220.html on line 246: Brian GlassicBrian Glassic is one of Nick's coworkers in the waste-management industry. He has an affair with Nick's wife, Marian.
ellauri220.html on line 247: Jackie GleasonJackie Gleason (1916–87) is a famous comedic actor who was present in the celebrity box in the novel's prologue.
ellauri220.html on line 263: George ManzaGeorge Manza is a neighborhood outcast and illiterate heroin addict whom Nick Shay befriends. Nick accidentally kills George by shooting him with a rifle he thought was unloaded. Fuck Americans are stupid with their silly guns.
ellauri220.html on line 277: Matt ShayMatt Shay, nicknamed "Matty" as a child, is Nick Shay's younger brother. A chess prodigy when he was younger, Matt becomes a disillusioned military strategist during the Vietnam War.
ellauri220.html on line 282: ViktorViktor is a man in Kazakhstan who buys and destroys nuclear waste.
ellauri220.html on line 304:

(Hong Kong and South China) A White man. Gwei or kwai (鬼) means 'ghost', which the color white is associated with in China; and the term lo (佬) refers to a regular guy (i.e. a fellow, a chap, or a bloke). Once a mark of xenophobia, the word was promoted by Maoists as insulting but is now in general, informal use.

ellauri220.html on line 318:

(U.S.) a white person (southerner). This word was coined in the 19th century by Southern black people to refer to poor white people.

ellauri220.html on line 430: The world comes to the brink of nuclear war with the Cuban Missile Crisis. In response to the USA's nuclear advantage, the USSR sent missiles to Cuba. The crisis lasted for 12 days before a deal was finally stuck between Khrushchev and Kennedy in which the Cuban missile bases were dismantled in return for the secret removal of US missiles from Turkey.
ellauri220.html on line 445: In the Bible, Adlai was a minor character, the father of one of King David's herdsmen. Adlai is a contracted form of the Hebrew name Adaliah.
ellauri220.html on line 468: Assuming this character was raised overseas, it's notable the character who is Not Too Foreign will rarely speak another language on-screen even if they are supposed to be fluent.
ellauri220.html on line 671: The Tsar Bomba, or RDS-220 hydrogen bomb, is the largest nuclear bomb in the world today. This astounding thermonuclear bomb was created by the USSR with the goal of creating the largest nuclear weapon in the world, and it still holds the record for the most powerful explosive ever detonated.
ellauri220.html on line 675: The Tsar Bomba in its original form would have created too much fallout to be safe for testing. The design was then modified before the bomb was detonated on the deserted island Novaya Zemlya.
ellauri221.html on line 71: The club was founded in 1762 by William Petty Fitzmaurice, then-Earl of Shelburne, who would later become Marquess of Lansdowne and then Prime Minister from 1782-1783. The club’s initial location was on Pall Mall, a street in the Westminster area of central London, before moving to its current location on St. James’s Street in 1782, a street adjoining Pall Mall.
ellauri221.html on line 73: The club’s name derives from its head waiter, Edward Poodle. Poodles quickly built up a prestigious reputation among London’s powerful and wealthy classes, and its membership reflected this, numbering numerous politicians and members of the British aristocracy. Members have included former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, John Perfumo (a politician who resigned after the notorious Perfumo affair scandal, whereby he was revealed as having an affair with 19-year-old model Helen Keller), philosopher David Hume, economist and philosopher Adam Smith, and author Ian Fleming, creator of the world’s most famous fictional spy, James Bond.
ellauri221.html on line 78: It is interesting (to perhaps only me) that Fleming referenced real artists but fictitious works by those artists when describing the interior of Blades, which was a fictional club, but very much based on a real one (Poodles).
ellauri221.html on line 103: was passed with the votes of an alliance of the Christian democrat MRP and the Communists (of course!). On April 13, 1946, the prostitution registry was destroyed, and 1,400 brothels were closed, including 180 in Paris. Many brothels were converted into hotels, which prostitutes continued to use, so haha! James Bond was coldcocked by this cruel and inhumane law. He switched immediately to drinking only Tittinger.
ellauri221.html on line 110: Narcissistic personality disorder was nearly dropped from the DSM V. Narcissistic personality disorder was first defined in 1967. The DSM-IV defines the essential feature of narcissism as "a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy that begins in early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts." It's a definition that was set before the rise of social networking, reality TV, or partisan news channels designed to confirm our every opinion. Perhaps it truly is time to update it.
ellauri221.html on line 117: Narcissism has become such a valued personality trait that it's broken through the gender barrier. For decades, it was seen as a predominantly male disorder. Now, says Harris Stratyner, a professor of psychiatry at Mt. Sinai Medical School, it's increasingly common in women.
ellauri221.html on line 155: Cox's Brownies were little men who had mischievous adventures together. Each Brownie had a distinctive physical appearance: Cholly Boutonnière wore a top hat and monocle, while others wore traditional Turkish, Irish, German, Swedish, Russian, and Chinese garb. There was an Eskimo, an American Indian, even an Uncle Sam. "Much of the success of his books can be attributed to his treatment of the characters, who portray human nature with its goodness and strength and also its follies, but never its baseness.".
ellauri221.html on line 304: The film ends with the representatives of the US and Britain tuning in to see Holly Goodhead and Bond making love. The previous Bond film, The Spy Who Loved Me, ends in the same way, and Anya Amasova (way more beautiful than Lois) was shocked by this candaulism, but Goodhead is too "happy" to care. She is American after all. Last Words: Oh James, rake me around the moon one more time.
ellauri221.html on line 307: James Bond is back for another mission and this time, he is blasting off into space. A spaceship travelling through space is mysteriously hijacked and Bond must work quickly to find out who was behind it all. He starts with the rockets creators, Drax Industries and the man behind the organization, Hugo Drax. On his journey he ends up meeting Dr. Holly Goodhead and encounters the metal-toothed Jaws once again.
ellauri222.html on line 39: ...a man who was a towering intellectual (but short), a charismatic personality (but nasty) and Nobel Prize winner (anti communist) who searched in his writing for an answer (haha what did he find? EFK?) to the spiritual wilderness at the core of the human experience – but also (and above all) a petty man replete with human faults. Tää on tietysti Sale, jonka rusikointi jatkuu tässä Salen dickensiläistä pikareskiromaania lukiessa. Tämä albumi on jatkoa albumille 52, jossa Salea on jo alustavasti rökitetty.
ellauri222.html on line 68: In Leader's Bellow biography Vol 2, “Love and Strife,” the novel “Herzog” is published on the very first page and reaches No. 1 on the best-seller list, supplanting John le Carré’s ‘The Spy Who Came In From the Cold.’ Never again would Bellow, about to turn 50 years old, lack for wealth, power, awards or flunkies to stand by him, ready to take his coat and do his bidding. The temptation for someone in his position was to become an insufferable, spoiled monster. And Bellow quickly gave in to temptation.
ellauri222.html on line 70: Bellow’s bad temper in the late ’60s was by no means directed exclusively at would-be biographers, radical students and aggrieved wives. Bellow had so many targets to attack, whether insulting them face to face or in blistering letters or put-downs circulated through intermediaries. One of his favorite one-liners ran: “Let’s you and him fight.” The most salient recipients of Bellow’s bad temper in this biography were his three sons, each from a different mother — the oldest 21 when this volume starts, the youngest just 1 year old and about to be abandoned after yet another divorce.
ellauri222.html on line 74: Bellow didn’t just model some main characters on famous friends, but all characters were taken from life. He was in many ways a very thoughtful and kind person, but I think his need to be the top dog, the best, was very deep.
ellauri222.html on line 76: The irony in Bellow’s soul was that he craved love and experience, and learned to view people coldly and clinically. The writer Amos Oz recalled most vividly from his friendship with Bellow an exchange that they shared privately about death. “I said I was hoping to die in my sleep, but Saul responded by saying that, on the contrary, he would like to die wide awake and fully conscious, because his death is such a crucial experience he wouldn’t want to miss it.”
ellauri222.html on line 78: As previous biographers have discovered, it’s difficult to write an endearing biography of Bellow. “Was I a man or was I a jerk?” Bellow inquired on his deathbed. The answer should be obvious.
ellauri222.html on line 83: Observant Jews see Bellow as an apostate. He sure was a shifty fellow. Two cases in point below.
ellauri222.html on line 94: “It was part of who he was, but he didn’t want to be thought of as a ‘Jewish’ author,” Wolpe, who has been the top-ranked rabbi on the Newsweek “50 Most Influential Rabbis in America” list, told JNS.org.
ellauri222.html on line 98: Saul Bellow is the only American Jewish author to have won the Nobel Prize in Literature, and has also won three Pulitzer Prizes. In his new book, Greg Bellow, who holds a Ph.D. from the California Institute of Social Work and was a practicing psychotherapist for many years, divides his father’s life into “Young Saul” and “Old Saul.” He describes Young Saul as a sociable and funny man, full of questions. During the 1930s and ’40s, Saul was a Marxist and a “genuine believer” in radical philosophy. He believed that World War II was a war between communism and capitalism, and he was convinced that “come the Revolution there will be a flowering of society,” according to Greg’s book.
ellauri222.html on line 100: As it turned out, “Young Saul” was wrong about World War II. As Greg put it to the audience at Temple Emanuel, “He blew it.” Moreover, speaking of the post-war “Old Saul,” Greg said his father “turned from a man of questions to a man of answers.” As he began to recognize the social evils that surrounded him in the post-war world, he felt that “mankind cannot govern itself any better than Hitler or Stalin” and grew ever more critical and pessimistic.
ellauri222.html on line 102: “He became irascible and angry, anti-black and anti-women’s lib,” Greg Bellow told the audience.

Saul Bellow’s attitude towards Judaism was changed completely by the Six Day War in June 1967. It transformed him from a socialist to a conservative. He had a need to get involved and, much to the surprise of his family, he left for Israel to cover the war as a correspondent for Newsday. “I had to go,” Saul explained at the time.
ellauri222.html on line 104: Greg said he is convinced that it was “seeing war at close-up that made [Saul] change his mind and awakened him to his Judaism.”
ellauri222.html on line 106: Not long thereafter, Saul went through what Greg called “a spiritual crisis.” It was then that he began to write Mr. Sammler’s Planet, which literary critic Adam Kirsch described as “a document of the cravings of 1960s America, and an attempt to bring the Holocaust to bear on America.” Greg told JNS.org that Mr. Sammler’s Planet is a “watershed novel” because it conveys not only a message about the Holocaust in general, but also “an indictment against the self-imposed blindness that prevented people from seeing the Nazi threat.
ellauri222.html on line 117: “I am an American, Chicago born” begins the famous first sentence of “The Adventures of Augie March.” The author of that sentence was actually an illegal immigrant, Canada born, and the words were written in Paris. Bellow’s father, Abraham Belo, was born in a shtetl inside the Pale of Settlement. He began his career in St. Petersburg as a produce broker, specializing in Egyptian onions and Spanish fruit. The family seems to have been quite well off. Abraham had used a forged document to work in St. Petersburg, and, when this was discovered, he was arrested and convicted. He may have gone to prison. But he managed to escape and, in 1913, to get his family to Canada.
ellauri222.html on line 119: They settled in Lachine, outside Montreal, where Abraham tried farming, and where, in 1915, Saul was born. When the farm failed, the family moved into the city and Abraham took up bootlegging, a venture that ended even more disastrously. In 1924, he moved again, to Chicago, and engaged some bootlegging associates to smuggle his wife and children across the border to join him.
ellauri222.html on line 121: Abraham spent the rest of his life in Chicago, and he ended up running a retail coal business. But he never really learned English—Yiddish was the language at home—and he never became a citizen. He had no passport and no driver’s license (which didn’t prevent him from driving). Saul did not become an American citizen until 1943.
ellauri222.html on line 123: But Chicago was a city of immigrants. It also had a large Jewish population—by 1931, according to Leader, nearly three hundred thousand in a city of 3.3 million. All the Bellow children assimilated happily and all became well off. Saul is often associated with the University of Chicago, where he taught for many years as a member of the legendary Committee on Social Thought. He was a student there, but for less than two years. He had to withdraw for financial reasons (a truck driver was killed in an accident at his father’s coal yard and the insurance had lapsed), and he transferred to Northwestern, from which he graduated in 1937.
ellauri222.html on line 125: In his Op-Ed about the Zulu Tolstoy, Bellow made much of his academic training in anthropology. After leaving Northwestern, he did become a graduate student in anthropology at the University of Wisconsin. But he completed just one course before dropping out and returning to Chicago, where he married a woman, Anita Goshkin, who was studying for a master’s degree in social work, and began his career as a fiction writer and itinerant college teacher. His first job was at Pestalozzi-Froebel Teachers College, on South Michigan Avenue, in downtown Chicago.
ellauri222.html on line 129: He also worked for a time at the Encyclopædia Britannica, on the fifty-two-volume “Great Books of the Western World,” under the editorship of Mortimer J. Adler. Bellow was in charge of editing part of the “Syntopicon,” a two-volume digest of the Great Ideas composed by Adler. He had taken one of Adler’s courses at the University of Chicago and had concluded that it was “tomfoolery,” but he seems to have liked the job.
ellauri222.html on line 131: “In college I behaved as though my career was to be a writer, and that guided me,” Bellow later said. There was also the fact that his principal interest was literature, and, until after the war, Jews were rarely hired by English departments. “You weren’t born to it” is the way the chairman of the department at Northwestern clarified the matter when Bellow inquired about graduate school. Leader thinks that this encounter “produced a lifelong antipathy, mild but real, to English departments.” It’s true that there was antipathy. But Bellow would have been interested in a university career only as a means to support his writing. Fiction was his calling. “He was focused, he was dedicated to becoming what he was, from the beginning,” David Peltz, Bellow’s oldest friend, told Leader. “I mean, he never veered.”
ellauri222.html on line 133: Bellow published his first short story in 1941. It came out in Partisan Review—marking the start of a relationship that was key to establishing Bellow’s reputation as the intellectuals’ chosen novelist. Bellow visited New York frequently, and lived there at various points, but he was never comfortable in the city. “I congratulated myself with being able to deal with New York,” he told Philip Roth near the end of his life, “but I never won any of my struggles there, and I never responded with full human warmth to anything that happened there.”
ellauri222.html on line 135: Still, in New York and at Princeton, where he spent a year teaching creative writing, Bellow made friends with many of the critics who dominated literary life in the nineteen-fifties. They found him bright, congenial, and sufficiently bookish, and especially admired what they took to be his poise and real-world savvy. Irving Howe thought Bellow “very strong-willed and shrewd in the arts of self-conservation.” “Even his egocentricity added to his charms,” said William Phillips, the co-editor, with Philip Rahv, of Partisan Review. “Stunning—the ultimate beautiful young Jewish intellectual incarnate,” Alfred Kazin’s wife, Ann Birstein, remembered. Bellow maintained the allure by cultivating just the right amount of aloofness. “I was the cat who walked by himself,” as he put it.
ellauri222.html on line 137: In the culture of little magazines, friendship is the last thing to prevent one writer from reviewing the work of another. As a novelist happy to have well-disposed reviewers, Bellow had an obvious stake in these friendships. But the friends had a stake in Bellow, too. As Mark Greif points out in his important new study of mid-century intellectual life, “The Age of the Crisis of Man,” Bellow came on the scene at a time when many people imagined the fate of modern man to be somehow tied to the fate of the novel. Was the novel dead or was it not? Much was thought to depend on the answer. And for people who worried about this Bellow was the great hope. Atlas quotes Norman Podhoretz: “There was a sense in which the validity of a whole phase of American experience was felt to hang on the question of whether or not he would turn out to be a great novelist.”
ellauri222.html on line 139: So even “Dangling Man,” an awkwardly written book about which Bellow later said, “I can’t read a page of it without feeling embarrassed,” was received as a sign that the novel might after all be up to its historic task. “Here, for the first time I think, the experience of a new generation has been seized,” Delmore Schwartz wrote, in Partisan Review. In The New Yorker, Edmund Wilson called “Dangling Man” a “testimony on the psychology of a whole generation.” When Bellow’s second novel, “The Victim,” came out, in 1947, Martin Greenberg, in Commentary, explained that Bellow had succeeded in making Jewishness “a quality that informs all of modern life . . . the quality of modernity itself.” In Partisan Review, Elizabeth Hardwick suggested that Bellow might become “the redeeming novelist of the period.”
ellauri222.html on line 141: This notion that Bellow’s achievement as a novelist was redemptive of the form was a consistent theme in the reviews up through “Herzog.” So was the notion that his protagonists were representatives of the modern condition. After “Herzog,” those reactions largely disappeared. People stopped fretting about the death of the novel, and Bellow’s protagonists started being treated as what they always were, oddballs and cranks. But the critical reception of Bellow’s books in the first half of his career funded his reputation. It cashed out, ultimately, in the Nobel Prize. Nobels are awarded to writers who are judged to have universalized the marginal.
ellauri222.html on line 143: As everyone has said, Bellow not least, “Augie March” was the breakthrough book. Bellow ascribed its origin to a visionary moment. In 1948, he had gone with Anita to Paris for two years, supported by a Guggenheim fellowship. (Bellow hated Paris.) He was at work on a novel called “The Crab and the Butterfly,” which apparently concerned two men arguing in a hospital room. In the version of the epiphany he told to Roth, he was walking to his writing studio one morning when he was distracted by the routine Parisian sight of the street gutters being flushed:
ellauri222.html on line 145: I remember saying to myself, “Well, why not take a short break and have at least as much freedom of movement as this running water.” My first thought was that I must get rid of the hospital novel—it was poisoning my life. And next I recognized that this was not what being a novelist was supposed to have meant. . . . I felt just now that I had allowed myself to be dominated by the atmosphere of misery or surliness, that I had agreed somehow to be shut in or bottled up.
ellauri222.html on line 147: Into his head popped the memory of a friend from childhood, a boy named Charlie August—and Augie March was born. The novel poured out of him. “All I had to do was to be there with buckets to catch it,” he said. Being abroad, he thought, encouraged the sense of compositional freedom. He wrote much of the novel in Europe—in Paris, Salzburg, and Rome. He later boasted that not a single word of it was written in Chicago.
ellauri222.html on line 149: The subject of “Augie March” is the same as the subject of “Dangling Man” and “The Victim”: the danger of becoming trapped in other people’s definition of you. In the case of “Augie March,” the person in danger of being trapped was Saul Bellow. “This was not what being a novelist was supposed to have meant”: he is referring to the expectations of his intellectual backers. He realized that he didn’t want to be the great hope of the novel or to give voice to a generation’s angst. He wanted to write up the life he knew in the way James Joyce had written up the life he knew, and to transform it into a fantastic verbal artifact, a book that broke all the rules.
ellauri222.html on line 159: We came up the walk, between the slow, thought-brewing, beat-up old heads, liver-spotted, of choked old blood salts and wastes, hard and bone-bare domes, or swollen, the elevens of sinews up on collarless necks crazy with the assaults of Kansas heats and Wyoming freezes, and with the strains of kitchen toil, Far West digging, Cincinnati retailing, Omaha slaughtering, peddling, harvesting, laborious or pegging enterprise from whale-sized to infusorial that collect into the labor of the nation.
ellauri222.html on line 165: In Commentary, Podhoretz complained that the novel lacked development and that its exuberance was forced. He called it a failure. Podhoretz was one of Trilling’s protégés, and Bellow always believed that Trilling was behind the review, although Podhoretz denied it. But Atlas says that the art critic Clement Greenberg, then an editor at Commentary, having recently come over from Partisan Review, claimed that the editors had put Podhoretz up to it. It was felt in New York circles, Greenberg said, that Bellow had gone a little too far.
ellauri222.html on line 167: Most reviews were enthusiastic, though. “Augie March” was not a best-seller, but it sold well and won a major award. The year it came out, Bellow took a job at Bard College. He and Anita were separated, and he had a new girlfriend, Sondra Tschacbasov, called Sasha. She was sixteen years younger and strikingly attractive. They met at Partisan Review, where she worked as a secretary.
ellauri222.html on line 169: At Bard, Bellow became close friends with a literature professor named Jack Ludwig. As Leader describes him, Ludwig was an oversized personality, a big man, extravagant, a shameless purveyor of bad Yiddish, and an operator. Ludwig idolized Bellow; people who knew them said that Ludwig wanted to be Bellow. He flattered Bellow, went for long walks with him, started up a literary journal with him, and generally insinuated himself into Bellow’s life. Bellow accepted the proffer of adulatory attentiveness. The couples (Ludwig was married) socialized together. This was the period when Bellow wrote “Seize the Day,” which Partisan Review published in a single issue, in 1956, after The New Yorker turned it down, and “Henderson the Rain King,” published in 1959, a novel whose hero was based on a neighbor of the Bellows in upstate New York.
ellauri222.html on line 171: Saul and Sasha got married in 1956, after Bellow had obtained a Nevada divorce. Sasha accepted the domestic role that Bellow insisted on without demur. She says that when they had a son, Adam, Bellow told her that the baby was her responsibility—he was too old to raise another kid. In 1958, Bellow was offered a one-year position at the University of Minnesota. He insisted that Ludwig receive an appointment as well; the university obliged, and the families moved to Minneapolis together.
ellauri222.html on line 173: Saul and Sasha fought. Some of the strains were apparently due to sexual dissatisfaction. Bellow began seeing a psychologist, a man named Paul Meehl; Meehl suggested that Sasha see him as well (a suggestion that Leader charitably calls “unorthodox”). Ludwig served as a sympathetic confidant to both parties. Then, one day in the fall of 1959, Sasha told Bellow that she was leaving him. There was no third party in the picture, she said. She just did not love him.
ellauri222.html on line 175: Devastated, Bellow went to Europe on a cultural-diplomacy junket for the State Department. While abroad, he engaged assiduously in what Leader calls “womanizing.” He returned to Bard, in the summer of 1960, and took up with a visiting French professor named Rosette Lamont. The divorce from Sasha went through in June. For a while, Bellow and Sasha had the same lawyer, who was pleased to be representing both parties in the hottest divorce in town, but eventually Bellow was persuaded to retain his own attorney.
ellauri222.html on line 177: In November, Bellow learned from a possibly overly conscientious babysitter that Sasha and Ludwig were sleeping together. It turned out that the affair had been going on for two and a half years, since the summer of 1958. And although Ludwig was still married, it continued. Adam was living with Sasha while it was going on. Given Bellow’s vulnerabilities, the double betrayal was his worst nightmare come to life. According to Atlas, he talked about getting a gun.
ellauri222.html on line 181: He also got married again, in 1961, to Susan Glassman, another celebrated beauty, this time eighteen years younger. (Glassman was a former girlfriend of Philip Roth, who said that the transfer of affections “turned out to be the best thing that ever happened to me and the worst thing that ever happened to Saul.” The marriage lasted five years; she was still taking Bellow to court in 1981.)
ellauri222.html on line 185: “Herzog” was nevertheless received the way all Bellow’s novels had been received: as a report on the modern condition. Many of the critics who reviewed it—Irving Howe, Philip Rahv, Stanley Edgar Hyman, Richard Ellmann, Richard Poirier—knew Bellow personally and knew all about the divorce. (Poirier was an old friend of Ludwig’s; the review he published, in Partisan Review, was a hatchet job.) None of these reviewers mentioned the autobiographical basis of the book, and several of them warned against reading it autobiographically, without ever explaining why anyone might want to. The world had no way of knowing that the story was not completely made up.
ellauri222.html on line 187: Howe wrote that “Herzog” was a novel “driven by an idea”—the idea that modern man can overcome alienation and despair. Howe could see the appeal of this idea, but he was worried that it might not have been “worked out with sufficient care.” The reviewer in the Times Book Review thought that the novel offered “a credo for the times.” “The age is full of fearful abysses,” the reviewer explained. “If people are to go ahead, they must move into and through these abysses,” and so on.
ellauri222.html on line 193: And it got even better. Jack Ludwig reviewed the novel. He informed readers of Holiday that “the book is a major breakthrough.” By no means should it be read as autobiography—“as if an artist with Bellow’s enormous gifts were simply playing at second-guessing reality, settling scores.” No, in this book, Ludwig wrote, “Bellow is after something greater.” The greater something turns out to be “man’s contradiction, his absurdity, his alienation,” and so on. It was pretty chutzpadik, as even Bellow had to admit. But by then he was laughing all the way to the bank.
ellauri222.html on line 195: You can see the biographical problem. From the beginning, Bellow drew on people he knew, including his wives and girlfriends and the members of his own family, for his characters. In “Augie March,” almost every character—and there are dozens—was directly based on some real-life counterpart. Most of “Herzog” is a roman à clef. Leader therefore decided to treat the novels as authoritative sources of information about the people in Bellow’s life. When Leader tells us about Jack Ludwig and Sondra Tschacbasov, he quotes the descriptions of Gersbach and Madeleine in “Herzog.” In the case of the many relatives with counterparts in “Augie March,” this can get confusing. You’re not always sure whether you’re reading about a person or a fictional version of that person.
ellauri222.html on line 199: Structure was always Bellow’s weak point. One of his first editors at Partisan Review, Dwight Macdonald, worried about what he called a “centerless facility.” Podhoretz was not wrong about the problem of shapelessness in “Augie March.” The novel’s antic style is like a mechanical bull. For a few hundred pages, Bellow is having the time of his life, letting his invention take him where it will. By the end, he is just hanging on, waiting for the music to stop. It takes the story five hundred and thirty-six pages to get there.
ellauri222.html on line 209: The decorum in Bellow criticism is to acknowledge the original of the fictional character when the person is famous, and otherwise to insist on treating it all as fiction. Thus everyone knows that, in “Humboldt’s Gift,” Von Humboldt Fleisher “is” Delmore Schwartz, and that, in “Ravelstein,” Abe Ravelstein “is” Allan Bloom, the Chicago professor who wrote “The Closing of the American Mind” and was a good friend of Bellow’s.
ellauri222.html on line 215: But there is usually one fully imagined character in Bellow’s books, one character whose impulses the author understands and sympathizes with, whose sufferings elicit his compassion, and whose virtues and defects, egotism and self-doubt, honorable intentions and less than honorable expediencies are examined with surgical precision and unflinching honesty. That character is the protagonist—Augie, Herzog, Chick, even Tommy Wilhelm, in “Seize the Day,” who tries to leverage his pain to win respect. Their real-life counterpart is, of course, Saul Bellow, whose greatest subject was himself.
ellauri222.html on line 243: Greg's mother was Anita Goshkin, Saul's first wife, whose family had emigrated to the US from the Crimea after the pogroms, as Bellow's own antecedents had left Lithuania for Canada. They ended up in Chicago, where Saul would become one of the city's most famous sons and where, in 1935, he met Anita at summer school. Anita oli niin tavis ettei siitä ole edes nettikuvia. Tollanen Liisa Karhunen.
ellauri222.html on line 245: Saul's father, Abraham, was a crook and a tyrant, who despised his youngest son's literary ambitions and pummelled him and all his sons.
ellauri222.html on line 247: Greg makes a distinction between "young Saul", the Marxist and rebel, and "old Saul", the famous author and increasing reactionary. Old Saul was "buried under pessimism, anger, bitterness, intolerance and preoccupations with evil and with his death".
ellauri222.html on line 249: Saul had women stashed all over town. His self‑justification: his career as an artist entitled him to let people down with impunity. He was married five times in all and infidelity was an issue throughout. Towards the end of his life, Saul asked his son rather charmingly, "Was I a man or a jerk?". It was the right question, and an easy one to answer: A jerk.
ellauri222.html on line 255: Bellow was born Solomon Bellow in Lachine, Quebec, in 1915, two years after his parents had arrived there from St Petersburg. When he was nine, the family moved to the Humboldt Park neighbourhood of Chicago. His mother, Liza, died when Saul was 17, but not before she had passed on to him her love of the Jewish Bible (he learned Hebrew at four). His first serious critical success was The Adventures of Augie March (1953), but it was not until his 1964 novel, Herzog, became a bestseller that he earned any real money. His elder brothers, both businessmen, were by this time making serious cash, and regarded him, he once said, as "some schmuck with a pen". Mary Cheever, the wife of John Cheever, believed the two got on so well because "they were both women-haters". He has nothing good to say about feminism. Bellow has a go at Hannah Arendt and Mary McCarthy (the one is "rash", the other "stupid"). In 1994, however, he ate a poisonous fish in the Caribbean, and fell into a coma that lasted five weeks. He dreaded a loss of virility.
ellauri222.html on line 257: For a man for such small balls, he had huge needs. The writing life needed to be supported. He failed his children; he left them, and it was a wound he carried around like a medal. He knew the cruelty of this. At the very end, though he was not Rosie's father (oops), he was in the house. He and Rosie would watch The Lion King together: in the final, unpleasant stages of his last illness, he was at the point where he didn't mind watching that same film over and over. I was somehow managing Rosie and Saul in the same way." Do they have a relationship with Saul's sons? Not really. Rosie has special needs, and Jänis is focused very much on her. Their house is cozy, not grand, there just happen to be photographs of a Nobel laureate on almost every shelf. Guess which one?
ellauri222.html on line 259: Jänisrouva sanoi jälkikäteen: He did not want to hurt the people he loved. (Lucky they were so few of them. At 17, he said he hated himself more than melodrama or even spinach.) There wasn't a single part of my being that wasn't able to open up to him (Yeah, I bet). Jänis Bellow was born in Canada. Bellow was one of her professors. She came from a small place, but not too small for Saul to enter. He wasn't exactly tall, but he had this broad upper body, these giant arms, like a sloth."
ellauri222.html on line 265: this time the overall effect was not satisfactory. I was particularly aware of the absence of distance that the writer must put space between himself and the characters in his book. There should be a certain detachment from the writer's own passions. I speak as one who in Herzog committed the same sin. There I hoped that comic effects might protect me. Nevertheless I crossed the border too many times to raid the enemy camp. But then Herzog was a chump, a failed intellectual and at bottom a sentimentalist. In your case, the man who gives us Eve and Sylphid is an enragé, a fanatic-for-real.
ellauri222.html on line 267: But that's not the outstanding defect of IMAC. Your reader, out of respect for your powers, is more than willing to go along with you. He will not, as I was not, be able to go along with your Ira, probably the least attractive of all your characters. I assume that you can no more bear Ira than the reader can. But you stand loyally by this cast-iron klutz – a big strong stupid man who attracts you for reasons invisible to me.
ellauri222.html on line 271: But to keep it short – the reason: the reason lay in the hatred of one's own country. Among the French it was the old confrontation of "free spirits", or artists, with the ruling bourgeoisie. In America it was the fight against the McCarthys, the House Committees investigating subversion, etc that justified the left, the followers of Henry Wallace, etc. The main enemy was at home (Lenin's WWI slogan). If you opposed the CP you were a McCarthyite, no two ways about it.
ellauri222.html on line 273: Well, it was a deep and perverse stupidity. It didn't require a great mind to see what Stalinism was. But the militants and activists refused to reckon with the simple facts available to everybody.
ellauri222.html on line 281: Mitä vetoa että Rothin kuikelo veti tästä herneen nenään? Sai takuulla paskahalvauxen. No, Saul was definitely not a good friend. Phil said something like: ‘He wouldn’t be the first guy whose companionship I’d seek out in the afterlife.’”
ellauri222.html on line 348: The Norman Conquest (or the Conquest) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army made up of thousands of Normans, Bretons, Flemish, and French troops, all led by the Duke of Normandy, later styled William the Conqueror.
ellauri222.html on line 350: William's claim to the English throne derived from his familiar sodomist relationship with the childless Anglo-Saxon king Edward the Confessor, who may have encouraged William's hopes for the throne. Edward died in January 1066 and was succeeded by his brother-in-law Harold Godwinson. The Norwegian king Harald Hardrada invaded northern England in September 1066 and was victorious at the Battle of Fulford on 20 September, but Godwinson's army defeated and killed Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on 25 September. Three days later on 28 September, William's invasion force of thousands of men and hundreds of ships landed at Pevensey in Sussex in southern England. Harold marched south to oppose him, leaving a significant portion of his army in the north. Harold's army confronted William's invaders on 14 October at the Battle of Hastings. William's force defeated Harold, who was killed in the engagement, and William became king.
ellauri222.html on line 415: Anna Coblin is Mama’s cousin. Augie goes to live with her family so he can help them deliver newspapers. Hyman Coblin is a steady man who enjoys going to burlesque shows downtown. He is generous with Augie. Anna, a big, emotional woman with spiraling reddish hair, dotes on Augie and hopes he will marry their daughter Freidl one day. They also have a son, Howard, who was in the war in Nicaragua.
ellauri222.html on line 619: Five Properties is Anna Coblin’s brother. An immense, long-armed man with a gleeful, insincere smile, he drives a dairy truck and loves to boast that he has “Five prope’ties, plente money.” The money was earned by service during the war in Poland. His goal is to marry an American woman.
ellauri222.html on line 667: Talavera is a handsome young Mexican whose father owns the taxi service in Acatla. He hangs around Augie and Thea. Augie later learns that he was a former lover of Thea’s.
ellauri222.html on line 699: William Moulton Marston (May 9, 1893 – May 2, 1947), also known by the pen name Charles Moulton (/ˈmoʊltən/), was an American psychologist who, with his wife Elizabeth Holloway, invented an early prototype of the lie detector. Two women, his wife Elizabeth Holloway Marston, and their polygamous life partner, Olive Byrne, greatly influenced Wonder Woman's creation. She was inducted into the Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2006.
ellauri222.html on line 707: Marston's character was a native of an all-female utopia of Amazons who became a crime-fighting U.S. government agent, using her superhuman strength and agility, and her ability to force villains to submit and tell the truth by binding them with her magic "lasso". Wonder Woman's golden "lasso" and Venus Girdle in particular were the focus of many of the early stories and have the same capability to reform people for good in the short term that Transformation Island and prolonged wearing of Venus Girdles offered in the longer term. The Venus Girdle was an allegory for Marston's theory of "sex love" training, where people can be "trained" to embrace submission through eroticism.
ellauri222.html on line 735: Augie on tyyten kirjoitettu ulkomailla, enimmäxeen Ranskassa. Se kyllä näkyy siitä. Samanlaista expatriaattifiilistä kuin Ernestolla. Bellow traveled widely throughout his life, mainly to Europe, which he sometimes visited twice a year. As a young man, Bellow went to Mexico City to meet Leon Trotsky, but the expatriate Russian revolutionary was assassinated the day before they were to meet.
ellauri222.html on line 759: Bellow's first two novels, Dangling Man and The Victim, are brief and disciplined works, darker in mood and less intellectually complex than the later fiction but featuring protagonists who anticipate later Bellovian heroes both in their introspection and in their resistance to urban apathy. In Paris, Saul realized he need not copycat Flaubert and that instead he could write as he spoke. The result was Augie.
ellauri222.html on line 802:

ellauri222.html on line 805: A Neo-Transcendentalist was an individual who followed the philosophical movement founded by Liam Dieghan on Earth in the early 22nd century. These adherents advocated a return to less technological driven lifestyles with an emphasis on self-reliance and nature. Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987) - S02E18 Up the Long Ladder.
ellauri222.html on line 837: British critics tend to regard the American predilection for Big Novels as a vulgar neurosis — like the American predilection for big cars or big hamburgers. Oh God, we think: here comes another sweating, free-dreaming maniac with another thousand-pager; here comes another Big Mac. First, Dos Passos produced the Great American Novel; now they all want one. Yet in a sense every ambitious American novelist is genuinely trying to write a novel called USA. Perhaps this isn’t just a foible; perhaps it is an inescapable response to America – twentieth-century America, racially mixed and mobile, twenty-four hour, endless, extreme, superabundantly various. American novels are big all right, but partly because America is big too. You need plenty of nerve, ink and energy to do justice to the place, and no one has made greater efforts than Saul Bellow. In 1976 Bellow was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, praised by the Swedes ‘for human understanding and subtle analysis of contemporary culture’. Many times in Bellow’s novels we are reminded that ‘being human’ isn’t the automatic condition of every human being. Like freedom or sanity, it is not a given but a gift, a talent, an accomplishment, an objective. The busiest sections of the Chicago bookstores, I noticed, were those marked ‘Personal Growth’.
ellauri222.html on line 886: Ozymandias (/ˌɒziˈmændiəs/ oz-ee-MAN-dee-əs; real name Adrian Alexander Veidt) is a fictional anti-villain in the graphic novel limited series Watchmen, published by DC Comics. Created by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons, named "Ozymandias" in the manner of Ramesses II, his name recalls the famous poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley, which takes as its theme the fleeting nature of empire and is excerpted as the epigraph of one of the chapters of Watchmen. Ozymandias is ranked number 25 on Wizard's Top 200 Comic Book Characters list and number 21 on IGN's Top 100 Villains list. No, wait, Ozymandias was a Greek name for the pharaoh Ramesses II (r. 1279–1213 BC), derived from a part of his throne name, Usermaatre. In 1817, Shelley began writing the poem "Ozymandias", after the British Museum acquired the Younger Memnon, a head-and-torso fragment of a statue of Ramesses II, which dated from the 13th century BC. Earlier, in 1816, the Italian archeologist Giovanni Battista Belzoni had "removed" the 7.25-short-ton (6.58 t; 6,580 kg) statue fragment from the Ramesseum, the mortuary temple of Ramesses II at Thebes, Egypt. The reputation of the statue fragment preceded its arrival to Western Europe; after his Egyptian expedition in 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte had failed to acquire the Younger Memnon for France. Although the British Museum expected delivery of the antiquity in 1818, the Younger Memnon did not arrive in London until 1821. Shelley published his poems before the statue fragment of Ozymandias arrived in Britain, and the view of modern scholarship is that Shelley never saw the statue, although he might have learned about it from news reports, as it was well known even in its previous location near Luxor.
ellauri222.html on line 888: The book Les Ruines, ou méditations sur les révolutions des empires (1791) by Constantin François de Chassebœuf, comte de Volney (1757–1820), first published in an English translation as The Ruins, or a Survey of the Revolutions of Empires (London: Joseph Johnson, 1792) by James Marshall, was an influence on Shelley. helley had explored similar themes in his 1813 work Queen Mab. Typically, Shelley published his literary works either anonymously or pseudonymously, under the name "Glirastes", a Graeco-Latin name created by combining the Latin glīs ("dormouse") with the Greek suffix ἐραστής (erastēs, "lover", vitut se on mikään suffixi!); the Glirastes name referred to his wife, Mary Shelley, whom he nicknamed "dormouse". Unikeon köyrijä. Mäuschen, sanoi Percy Marylle niikö Pikin kreikkalainen poikaystävä, setämäinen Kleomenis.
ellauri222.html on line 996: Ellsworth Huntington, (born Sept. 16, 1876, Galesburg, Ill., U.S.—died Oct. 17, 1947, New Haven, Conn.), U.S. geographer who explored the influence of climate on civilization. Ellsworth Huntington (September 16, 1876 – October 17, 1947) was a professor of geography at Yale University during the early 20th century, known for his studies on environmental determinism/climatic determinism, economic growth, economic geography, and scientific racism. He served as President of the Ecological Society of America in 1917, the Association of American Geographers in 1923 and President of the Board of Directors of the American Eugenics Society from 1934 to 1938.
ellauri222.html on line 1003: Ellsworth Huntington travelled continental Europe in hopes of better understanding the connection between climate and state success, publishing his findings in The Pulse of Asia, and further elaborating in Civilization and Climate. Like the political geographers, a crucial component of his work was the belief that the climate of North-western Europe was ideal, with areas further north being too cold, and areas further south being too hot, resulting in lazy, laid-back populations. These ideas have powerful connections to colonialism, and may have played a role in the creation of the 'other' and the literature that many used to justify taking advantage of less advanced nations. Who needs Proust or Tolstoy when it suffices to reach up to get a banana.
ellauri222.html on line 1033: 7-year-old Megan Kanka is abducted, raped, and murdered by twice-convicted sex offender Jesse Timmendequas. Timmendequas had previously pleaded guilty to the attempted sexual assault of a 5-year-old girl in 1979 and the sexual assault of a 7-year-old girl in 1981; the second victim was choked until she was unconscious. He served a 9-month sentence in a correctional facility for the attempted assault. For the second offense, he served 6 years of a 10-year term in a correctional center meant specifically to treat male sex offenders.
ellauri222.html on line 1035: On July 29, 1994, Timmendequas lured Megan into his home, hit her head against his dresser, slapped her hard enough to draw blood, raped her, and strangled her with a belt. During the attack, Megan was able to bite Timmendequas’ hand hard enough to leave teeth impressions which later helped convict him. He disposed of her body in a nearby park and confessed to the murder the next day. He was found guilty of kidnapping, aggravated sexual assault, and murder and sentenced to death. Timmendequas’ sentence was commuted to life in 2007 when New Jersey abolished the death penalty.
ellauri222.html on line 1040: Henry admired Timmendiquas. He respected the Wyandots. He could not blame the Indian who fought for his hunting grounds, but, with all the strength of his strong nature, he despised and hated every renegade. Girty knew that the great White Lightning did not like him, and he knew why. Timmendiquas believed that a man should be loyal to his own race, and in his heart he must regard the renegade as what he was—a traitor. "The youth called the Ware fights for his own people," said Timmendiquas gravely.
ellauri222.html on line 1047: "The Dove runs well," murmured Timmendiquas in English. Timmendiquas, with Henry at his side, was among the first to give approval, but the crestfallen renegades remained in their little group at the edge of the field. Hei täähän on amerikkalaista jalkapalloa!
ellauri222.html on line 1049: Timmendiquas, the White Lightning of the Wyandots, was the soul of the massed red Indian attack on poor white settler families. Resourceful Henry Ware almost single handedly turns the savage's murderous plan to nought. "We are not lost," said the scout. "He'll come, that boy, Henry Ware, will. He's only a boy, Major, but he's got a soul like that of the great chief, Timmendiquas. He'll come with the fleet."
ellauri222.html on line 1063: Henry looked down the sights straight into the face of the Indian, and beheld Timmendiquas, the great White Lightning of the Wyandots. Timmendiquas saw the flash of recognition on the boy´s face and smiled faintly. "Shoot," he said. "You have won the chance." Conflicting emotions filled the soul of Henry Ware. If he spared Timmendiquas it would cost the border many lives. The Wyandot chief could never be anything but the implacable foe of those who were invading the red man´s hunting grounds. But Henry remembered that this man had saved his life. He had spared him when he was compelled to run the gantlet. The boy could not shoot.
ellauri222.html on line 1065: A sudden light glowed in the eyes of the young chief. There was something akin in the souls of these two, and perhaps Timmendiquas alone knew it. He raised one hand, gave a one-finger salute in the white man´s fashion, and said four words. "I shall not forget." So who cares, some corpses more or less, noblemen's tit for tat takes right of way.
ellauri222.html on line 1067: Then he was gone in the forest, and Henry went back to the battle field, where the firing had now wholly ceased. The white victory was complete. Many Indians had fallen. Their losses here and at the river had been so great that it would be long before they could be brought into action again. But the renegades had made good their escape. They did not find the body of a single one of them, and it was certain that they were living to do more mischief. Noble warriors don´t change sides, they stick to their own color scheme.
ellauri222.html on line 1078:

Ihmiset kysyvät myös: What was Sir Walter Raleigh best known for?

ellauri222.html on line 1080: Sir Walter Raleigh was one of the most famous explorers of Elizabeth I's reign. His courage and good looks made him a favourite of the Queen's, and she rewarded him for his handsomeness. Raleigh was also a scholar and a poet, but he is usually remembered for introducing the essential potato, and the addictive tobacco.
ellauri223.html on line 84: Capt. Their food consists of flesh, butter, honey, cheese, garden herbs, and vegetables of various kinds. They were unwilling at first to slay animals, because it seemed cruel; but thinking afterward that is was also cruel to destroy herbs which have a share of sensitive feeling, they saw that they would perish from hunger unless they did an unjustifiable action for the sake of justifiable ones, and so now they all eat meat. Nevertheless, they do not kill willingly useful animals, such as oxen and horses. They observe the difference between useful and harmful foods, and for this they employ the science of medicine. They always change their food. First they eat flesh, then fish, then afterward they go back to flesh, and nature is never incommoded or weakened. The old people use the more digestible kind of food, and take three meals a day, eating only a little. But the general community eat twice, and the boys four times, that they may satisfy nature. The length of their lives is generally 100 years, but often they reach 200.
ellauri223.html on line 96: Capt. This is the point I was just thinking of explaining. Everyone is judged by the first master of his trade, and thus all the head artificers are judges. They punish with exile, with flogging, with blame, with deprivation of the common table, with exclusion from the church and from the company of women. When there is a case in which great injury has been done, it is punished with death, and they repay an eye with an eye, a nose for a nose, a tooth for a tooth, a woman (or half a camel) for a woman, and so on, according to Hammurabi's law of retaliation.
ellauri223.html on line 113: They say that it is very doubtful whether the world was made from nothing, or from the ruins of other worlds, or from chaos, but they certainly think that it was made, and did not exist from eternity. Therefore they disbelieve in Aristotle, whom they consider a logican and not a philosopher.
ellauri223.html on line 126: The doctrine is sometimes said to be rooted in Plato. While Plato never directly stated the doctrine, it was developed, based on his remarks on evil, by the Neoplatonist philosopher Plotinus, chiefly in the eighth tractate of his First Ennead.
ellauri223.html on line 127: Neoplatonism was influential on St. Augustine of Hippo, with whom the doctrine is most associated. Augustine, in his Enchiridion, wrote:
ellauri223.html on line 184: About this time, he again approached his powerful uncle for help; this move was followed by his rapid progress at the bar. Despite his assignations, he was unable to gain the status and notoriety of others. In a plan to revive his position he unsuccessfully courted the wealthy young widow Lady Elizabeth Hatton. His courtship failed after she broke off their relationship upon accepting marriage to Sir Edward Coke, a further spark of enmity between the men. Things went better with Coke than with a BLT.
ellauri223.html on line 186: Vähän myöhemmin Pekoni otti osaa ex-suosijansa Essexin mestauxeen. "No defamer of any man". The succession of James I brought Bacon into greater favour. He was knighted in 1603. In another shrewd move, Bacon wrote his Apologies in defense of his proceedings in the case of Essex, as Essex had favoured James to succeed to the throne.
ellauri223.html on line 188: When he was 36, Bacon courted Elizabeth Hatton, a young widow of 20. Reportedly, she broke off their relationship upon accepting marriage to a wealthier man, Bacon's rival, Sir Edward Coke. Years later, Bacon still wrote of his regret that the marriage to Hatton had not taken place.
ellauri223.html on line 190: At the age of 45, Bacon married Alice Barnham, the 13-year-old daughter of a well-connected London alderman and MP. Bacon wrote two sonnets proclaiming his love for Alice. The first was written during his courtship and the second on his wedding day, 10 May 1606. When Bacon was appointed lord chancellor, "by special Warrant of the King", Lady Bacon was given precedence over all other Court ladies. Bacon's personal secretary and chaplain, William Rawley, wrote in his biography of Bacon that his marriage was one of "much conjugal love and respect", mentioning a robe of honour that he gave to Alice and which "she wore unto her dying day, being twenty years and more after his death".
ellauri223.html on line 192: However, an increasing number of reports circulated about friction in the marriage, with speculation that this may have been due to Alice's making do with less money than she had once been accustomed to. It was said that she was strongly interested in fame and fortune, and when household finances dwindled, she complained bitterly. Bunten wrote in her Life of Alice Barnham that, upon their descent into debt, she went on trips to ask for financial favours and assistance from their circle of friends. Bacon disinherited her upon discovering her secret romantic relationship with Sir Frodo Underhill. He subsequently rewrote his will, which had previously been very generous—leaving her lands, goods, and income—and instead revoked it all.
ellauri223.html on line 194: Alice Bacon and her mother Dorothy were both reported by contemporaries as having extravagant tastes, and being interested in wealth and power. However, early in the marriage, Bacon had money to spare, "pouring jewels in her lap", and spending large sums on decorations. Power was also available, as in March 1617, along with Francis Bacon being made temporary Regent of England, a document was drawn up making Lady Bacon first lady in the land, taking precedence over all other Baronesses (it is not clear whether it was signed into law).
ellauri223.html on line 196: The Bacons' early married life was disturbed several times by quarrels between Sir John Pakington and Dorothy, when Dorothy would appeal to her powerful son-in-law, and Francis Bacon would try to stay out from between them. Once Bacon was even a judge on the High Commission and had to reject a lawsuit from Dorothy against John which had put John in prison.
ellauri223.html on line 198: Their marriage led to no children. In 1620, she met Mr. Frodo Underhill, and Mr. Nicholas Bacon, gentlemen-in-waiting at York House, Strand, Bacon's London property. She was rumoured to have had an ongoing affair with Underhill. Underhill was a cousin of the Bilbo Underhill who sold New Place to Gandalf Shakespeare in 1597.
ellauri223.html on line 200: In 1621, Bacon, by now styled as Viscount St Albans, was accused of taking bribes, heavily fined, and removed from Parliament and all offices. Lady Bacon personally pleaded with the Marquis of Buckingham for the restoration of some of Bacon's salary and pensions, to no effect. They lost York House and left the city in 1622.
ellauri223.html on line 202: Reports of increasing friction in the marriage appeared, with speculation that some of this may have also been due to financial resources not being as abundantly available to Alice as she was accustomed to in the past. Alice was reportedly interested in fame and fortune, and when reserves of money were no longer available, there was constant complaining about where all the money was going.
ellauri223.html on line 212: The Viscountess St Albans, as she still preferred to be called, spent much of her marriage in Chancery proceedings, lawsuits over property. The first year was over her former husband's estate, trying to get what was left of Bacon's property, without his much greater debts. She was opposed in this by Sir John Constable, her brother in law, who had held some of the estate in trust. In 1628 she filed suits for property owned by her late father. In 1631, she and her husband both filed suit against Nicholas Bacon, of Gray's Inn, their former friend, who had married Sir John Underhill's niece, and gotten Underhill to sign an agreement for a large dowry and extensive property, including some property of Alice that Sir John did not have rights to, and could only inherit after her death. Their petition to court stated that Bacon had tricked Underhill "who was an almost totally deaf man, and by reason of the weakness of his eyes and the infirmity in his head, could not read writings of that nature without much pain," to sign a paper not knowing what it contained.
ellauri223.html on line 214: In 1639, Viscountess St Albans and Sir Frodo Underhill became estranged, and began to live separately. In a later lawsuit, after her death, Underhill blamed Robert Tyrrell, or Turrell, their manservant, for this alienation of affections. In her will of 1642, she left half her property to Turrell, and other property to her nephew, Stephen Soames. She was buried in the old Parish Church of Eyworth, Bedfordshire, 9 July 1650, near her mother, and her sister, Lady Dorothy Constable.
ellauri223.html on line 222: Several authors believe that, despite his marriage, Bacon was primarily attracted to men. Forker, for example, has explored the "historically documentable sexual preferences" of both Francis Bacon and King James I and concluded they were both oriented to "masculine love", a contemporary term that "seems to have been used exclusively to refer to the sexual preference of men for members of their own gender."
ellauri223.html on line 224: The well-connected antiquary John Aubrey noted in his Brief Lives concerning Bacon, "He was a Pederast. His Ganimeds and Favourites tooke Bribes". ("Pederast" in Renaissance diction meant generally "homosexual" rather than specifically a lover of minors; "ganimed" derives from the mythical prince abducted by Zeus to be his cup-bearer and bed warmer.)
ellauri226.html on line 42: Briteissä on astuttu taas pitkä askel kohti tasa-arvoa: maan 2 suurinta oikeistokonnaa tällä hetkellä ovat nokikeppi Kwasi ja löysätissi Truss. Kwasikafferi saisi työntää tummanruskean heppinsä The Witch kakkoisen vaaleanpunaiseen rautakakkoseen. Dodi! Se on täytetty! Bajstrosa potkasi kwasimaalaisen kaaressa pihalle. Liz Truss uhrasi ministerinsä mustan pinnan, jotta oma nahka pelastuisi, raportoi HS meille vahingossa jaetussa lauantainumerossa.
ellauri226.html on line 66: In late 1964, as Brian Wilson's industry profile grew, he became acquainted with various individuals from around the Los Angeles music scene. He also took an increasing interest in recreational drugs (particularly marijuana, LSD, and Desbutal). According to his then-wife Marilyn, Wilson's new friends "had the gift of gab. All of a sudden Brian was in Hollywood—these people talk a language that was fascinating to him. Anybody that was different and talked cosmic or whatever he liked it." Wilson's closest friend in this period was Loren Schwartz, an aspiring talent agent that he met at a recording studio. Schwartz introduced Wilson to marijuana and LSD, as well as a wealth of literature commonly read by college students. During his first LSD trip, Wilson had what he considered to be "a very religious experience" and claimed to have seen God. God has subsequently personally confirmed this.
ellauri226.html on line 68: In November 1965, early in the sessions for the Beach Boys' 11th studio LP Pet Sounds, Wilson began experimenting with the idea of recording an album focused on humor and laughter. He was intent on making Pet Sounds a complete departure from previous Beach Boys releases and did not wish to work with his usual lyricist, Mike Love, who was such a sourpuss.
ellauri226.html on line 73: Love’s performance on behalf of Trump on Sunday was the main attraction for the event, according to the LA Times. Tickets ran from $2,800 per person to up to $150,000 for a couple to be considered “co-chairs’’ of the event.
ellauri226.html on line 93: Sea and Sardinia is a travel book by the English writer D. H. Lawrence. It describes a brief excursion undertaken in January 1921 by Lawrence and his wife Frieda, a.k.a. Queen Bee, from Taormina in Sicily to the interior of Sardinia. They visited Cagliari, Mandas, Sorgono, and Nuoro. His visit to Nuoro was a kind of homage to Grazia Deledda but involved no personal encounter. Despite the brevity of his visit, Lawrence distils an essence of the island and its people that is still recognisable today.
ellauri226.html on line 104: The landscape was different from yesterday’s. As
ellauri226.html on line 116: Dave is full of breathless switchbacks. You’re always veering giddily from fleeting exaltations (the joy of motion, the wildness of the landscape, the generosity of a peasant) to tedious exasperations (almost everything else). Luckily he had his wife along, the formidable Frieda (he refers to her as “the Q.B.,” for queen bee - Kuningatar! Eskin valtiatar on sekin vanhemmiten aika formidable), whose shrewd affirmations provided a foil for his grumbling discontents. Lawrence found the city “all bibs and bobs" . . . rather bare, rather stark, much of the city was levelled by Allied bombs, and it has not exactly been lovingly restored. “They pour themselves one over the other,” Lawrence sniffed of the Italians, “like so much melted butter over parsnips.” Lawrence ize preferoi tankeampia kelttijuurikkaita.
ellauri226.html on line 118: Sardegna was full of Lawrentian tourist horrors: hunger, bad light, and sharing space with people who annoy you. When Frieda asked what one does in Mandas, the locals told her, “Niente! Kiva plane etta, ei ketään kotona.
ellauri226.html on line 120: The “quite pleasant woman” who fed the Lawrences was Agostino’s grandmother. He proudly showed us her picture, along with a brochure for the Festival D.H. Lawrence, which takes place every August. Lawrences, who, in the impoverished Sardinia of their day couldn’t find anything but cabbage soup and hard bread.
ellauri226.html on line 122: There was a David Herbert Lawrence plaque on the street. Inside the tiny station were two more. It seemed a lot of plaques for a guy who spent one night there. “Blessed is he that expecteth nothing,” he wrote of Sorgono, “for he shall not be disappointed.” More Niente. “A dreary hole!” Lawrence muttered. “A cold, hopeless, lifeless, Saturday afternoon-weary village.” The food was bad. The bedsheets were stained. People cheerfully relieved themselves on the street. What limp parsnips too! “Why are you so indignant?” the Q.B. asked. “It’s all life.”
ellauri226.html on line 124: We, too, arrived on a Saturday afternoon. There was nowhere to eat and nothing to do, other than lounge by the lifeless station, reading Lawrence’s catalogue of complaints. But then I looked up to find the very “pink-washed building” with the very same name (Risveglio) as the horrible inn in the book. “It can’t be the same one,” I said. “There’s no plaque. Wow, there's a traffic sign, but it's not in English?"
ellauri226.html on line 135: My wife marched right in. All six guys filed in behind her, like a spaghetti western, many of which were filmed close by. Inside, the pallid bartender was polishing glasses. I slapped a euro on the bar and ordered two macchiatos. Then, in my grunting Italian American, I asked if this might be the same Risveglio from D.H. Lawrence’s day.
ellauri226.html on line 137: For a moment everyone just looked hostile. Then they all started talking at once. The bartender said his grandmother owned the place then. Another guy said, No, that was a different owner.
ellauri226.html on line 138: A guy named Salvatore took over translation duties, fielding comments from the others, who all seemed to be cousins. It was our own Festival D.H. Lawrence.
ellauri226.html on line 140: Nuovo, however, looked placid and tame. Nuovo was home to the Nobel laureate Grazia Deledda, whose novels Lawrence so admired, but her modest birthplace was closed. We walked around aimlessly, seeing the place through his eyes, but, of course, through Lawrence’s eyes “there’s nothing to see.” This is no longer quite true; there are two good museums in town. But, by now, it had taken on the sound of a mantra. “Sights are an irritating bore,” he wrote. “Happy is the town that has nothing to show.”
ellauri226.html on line 208: While local demographics and neighborhoods are undeniably subject to change, it is rare for a location to experience a major transformation in racial demographics in less than 50 years. Yet this is exactly what has happened in The Bronx between 1950 and 1980. As indicated by the 1950 the ethnic makeupof The Bronx was predominantly white. The census for 2000 indicates that whites (that is, what the U.S. Census labels “white, non-Hispanic”) now compose a distinct minority in The Bronx. The explanations for this remarkable change are complex. LOL actually they aren't, as we shall see.
ellauri226.html on line 226: thing that is clear is that by the end of the 1970s, The Bronx was no longer
ellauri226.html on line 240: composed that poem in 1930 (and lasting into the 1960s), The Bronx was
ellauri226.html on line 246: it was celebrated by its inhabitants. When asked to describe The Bronx of the 1950s and 1960s, every whitey lauded the safety of their neighborhood.
ellauri226.html on line 253: I grew up on the street, which is to say that my people sent me on the street to play. Really, I was told to go out and play; my mom she wouldn’t care a bit. My mother, she just said go out and play. By five years old I was four or five years old. So say I was four years old. I was
ellauri226.html on line 262: in the 1950s and 1960s. Mrs. Roby described growing up in “a very, very safe neighborhood." Like Derrick, she goes on and on to speak about playing outside and unlocked doors as evidence of the apparent safety and tranquility of the neighborhood. It was like Moomindale! Ei muumitaloa lukita yöxi hei Muu-u-mi!
ellauri226.html on line 268: bus and travel. No it wasn’t four or five stops but it was four or five blocks to this Catholic grammar school I went to.
ellauri226.html on line 281: Research has indicated that The Bronx began changing demographically right after World War II. The first influx of black and Hispanic residents was into the South Bronx after World War II, as former residents of Harlem were attracted to The Bronx because of its rent controlled apartments. Many of these blacks and Hispanics moved into neighborhoods following the subway and elevated trains transportation. Pre-cisely! This is just why Grankulla does not want subway nor high-rise apartment housing. Let the cleaners and station attendants sleep i Mattby i stället.
ellauri226.html on line 299: recalled, the local population was between 80-90% white; however
ellauri226.html on line 300: behind the school, population of the area changed dramatically and was
ellauri226.html on line 304: was coupled with a rise in crime and drug use.
ellauri226.html on line 305: Before long it was considered unsafe to walk through the park at night to go to Yankee Stadium and Werner (white) was even threatened with a knife by a classmate and mugged on the Grand Concourse. Gun violence even came to the
ellauri226.html on line 308: When I was a kid I got a hold of a rifle
ellauri226.html on line 315: taking an English test and she was shot;
ellauri226.html on line 316: Eleanor Kaplan, this girl, she was a Jewess I remember. She was
ellauri226.html on line 317: in back of me, I was lucky she was okay.
ellauri226.html on line 320: While the failed shooting of Eleanor Kaplan was apparently not front page all over the news, it was enough for him and his family to move.
ellauri226.html on line 329: While crime was on the rise throughout the city, the increasing numbers in The Bronx were astounding. For example, the number of
ellauri226.html on line 330: reported assaults in the borough increased from 998 in 1960 to 4,256. In burglaries, the trend of increased crime was also apparent in the number of reported incidents from 1,765 in 1960 to 29,276 in 1969.
ellauri226.html on line 347: city officials in the Bronx Arson Task Force in 1974 confirmed that the fires were being set by the white owners, but it was difficult to hold any one person responsible because the paid arsonists often refused to name the white customers.
ellauri226.html on line 352: Her boyfriend would drive her to her clinic in his car because he was afraid of walking alone in the community.
ellauri226.html on line 357: Her friends and family began to worry even more when she graduated from New York University with a degree in physical therapy and was hired at Misericordia Hospital on 233d Street in the Northeast Bronx. While at the time Misericordia
ellauri226.html on line 358: was in a section that was considered extremely dangerous, Roby was quickly sent down to Lincoln Hospital in the South Bronx, because of labor shortages.
ellauri226.html on line 360: According to Roby, the violence at Lincoln’s emergency in the neighborhood was apparent from the start, the room often had patients who had
ellauri226.html on line 361: suffered gunshot wounds. For her, the violence of the South Bronx was
ellauri226.html on line 364: therapy because of matching paralyzing gunshot wounds. Roby tried to provide physical therapy for these teenage boys but was unable to because they were
ellauri226.html on line 370: It was not long before Dr. Derrick, Mrs.
ellauri226.html on line 380: of The Bronx. Additionally troubling for Derrick and his family was
ellauri226.html on line 384: sister was harassed to the point that she left the public school and had to
ellauri226.html on line 385: enroll in a vocational school of petty crime and harassment, though experienced members of his family signaled that it was in fact a private school.
ellauri226.html on line 387: The increase of frequency in the mugging of his mother near his home was not the same that he had grown up with during the 50s and 60s.
ellauri226.html on line 391: where the community was composed of single family homes and the rapid succession
ellauri226.html on line 395: 1970s. During this time, her mother was mugged twice while going to the neighborhood laundromat and there was a rash of petty crime in her parking
ellauri226.html on line 399: Horse was the drug of choice during the
ellauri226.html on line 400: 1970s and 80s, at least the wop cop said that heroin was good and easily found on street particularly throughout the South corners. As a police officer he was fighting against the dumping of the drug to lower the prices, and later, cocaine, because as the neighborhood drug dealer he was often a drug addict himself, selling drugs to support his own habit.
ellauri226.html on line 408: of the late 1960s and 1970s. The landlords' first step was organized arson,
ellauri226.html on line 414: their apartment buildings had gone bad and was not equipped to handle
ellauri226.html on line 416: caused a problem was air conditioners.
ellauri226.html on line 421: The wiring in Dr. Derrick’s childhood was so weak at one point that he could not light a joint because his mom would blow a fuse.
ellauri226.html on line 423: The decline in the physical condition of the buildings was not
ellauri226.html on line 424: the only change; services companies also began to be limited. Derrick recalls simple services like garbage pick-up within building and the washing and waxing of the floors and less frequent, becoming less it stopped all together.
ellauri226.html on line 428: It was a downward spiral that many of the white ethnic residents who had called The Bronx home in the 1950s and watched it change for the worse in the 1960s and 70s were quick to blame on the Hispanics and blacks.
ellauri226.html on line 434: That the migrations of old and new minority groups was the cause for The Bronx’s many problems was obvious. Many whites began to blame
ellauri226.html on line 436: It was impossible for these former white residents to recognize that the causes of the increase in crime and drug use had to do with themselves, the white laissez-faire economics they supported. It is not that extremely complicated to see, and has a great deal more to with capitalism than race.
ellauri226.html on line 438: The 1970s was a rough economic time for the U.S, including the city of New York and The Bronx in particular. The economic problems began early after World War
ellauri226.html on line 443: influx of poor minority families in the 1950s and 1960s was thus cleverly met with a deteriorating and poor job market and limited employment opportunities. The declining job market continued into the 1970s when approximately 300 companies employing 10,000 workers went out of business or moved out of The Bronx between 1970 and 1977. Many of these businesses used low income and unskilled workers. By 1976 the long-term economic problems had taken their toll and the mayor's office estimated that between 25-30% of the city’s eligible work force was unemployed.
ellauri226.html on line 445: The economic problems seen in The Bronx were not industrially based but rather, the work force was dominated by totally clueless colorful minorities. By 1975 the entire city was engulfed in an economic crisis.
ellauri226.html on line 447: In this year it became public knowledge that the city funds had been depleted by nasty leeches and its capital was all gone. Their action had left the city penniless and unable to pay even the top brass. This led to the collapse of the city’s government,
ellauri226.html on line 450: Later it was said that the primary source of the bankruptcy was the
ellauri226.html on line 455: living on welfare in The Bronx was
ellauri226.html on line 457: projected that approximately one in every three residents in The Bronx was on welfare.
ellauri226.html on line 459: As the economic crisis worsened and city residents applied for welfare, particularly in The Bronx, the city simply reached its financial breaking point, with most of the welfare payments going to buy drugs. No wonder the poor turned to crime to solve their economic problems, seeing as the filthy rich seemed to be rolling in the dough. At the time the assumption was made by many older white residents
ellauri226.html on line 460: of a correlation between race, crime, and drug use. But it was capitalism that was to blame, not the race.
ellauri226.html on line 462: The wop cop interviewed believes that the decrease in crime in the 1990's can be attributed to the rising standard of living and economic opportunities throughoutthe city, when the city’s economy was no longer in the pits.
ellauri226.html on line 464: The city’s record daily murder rate was 2,245 homicides. That number reached its peak in 1990 when it was astronomical when compared with the number of murders in 1963. There were almost as many stiffs per capita as in the Stockholm region today.
ellauri226.html on line 466: The tension between whites and "minorities" was also exacerbated by a
ellauri226.html on line 472: While Derrick did not attribute crime or violence to these Hispanic residents in the neighborhood, he was struck by the loud music that his
ellauri226.html on line 475: For Roby (my mom), the differences of the new minority groups and the old Jewish, Italian, and Irish immigrants was clear, especially given the unique rules that governed her Parkchester Jewish community. Parkchester was originally privately owned by the Metropolitan Life, who employed a private police force to ensure law and order and instituted very specific rules that bound the residents of the community, everything from double parking and noise levels to not walking on the grass.
ellauri226.html on line 477: For Roby, who grew up being told to listen to this private police force and follow the development’s rules with the same piety as the city’s police and laws, the ease with which new residents disregarded and violated these rules was a shock but oddly liberating.
ellauri226.html on line 478: In the 1970s, Roby claims that they often did not follow the strict rules of the development and some even flouted violations of the rules, making no secrect to owning washing machines and even destroying or damaging apartments in order to get a larger one!
ellauri226.html on line 482: The suspicions regarding the connection between being a social pariah, poverty, crime, drug use and cultural clash that developed between the new minority residents and the old white residents drove many whites to leave The Bronx as the borough was in the 1970s. Nearly half a million white residents left The Bronx between 1970 and 1980, as indicated by the 1980 U. S. Census. Many of those interviewed
ellauri226.html on line 484: prime motivating factor for their departure. What they really meant were the fucking 2nd wave immigrants. Brian Werner, Elvira Werner, and Kathleen Roby all moved out of The Bronx during the 1960s and 1970s, and describe crime and the changing neighborhood as the major influence in their decision. My mom herself, she began running red lights because she was afraid of being raped if stopping too long in certain intersections. After her tires were stolen repeatedly while waiting for the traffic lights to change Mrs. Roby moved to Long Island in 1980, where her better-off sister already resided.
ellauri226.html on line 487: large numbers of whites that fled The Bronx in the 1970s, there was also
ellauri226.html on line 492: home was something that became a real possibility for many working and
ellauri226.html on line 495: Long Island and Westchester County, New York area, as well as northern New Jersey, where Philip Roth's folks lived with a flock of other Mockies. Homes in new communities were comparatively inexpensive. For example, in 1948, the going rate for a home in Levittown was $8,000, which, if paid for using a low-interest
ellauri226.html on line 497: affordable with new financing that was first offered to whites,
ellauri226.html on line 507: For many white residents of The Bronx, Co-op City offered a solution to their problems. It provided private ownership and was a protected enclave within The Bronx. The opening of Co-op City prompted thousands of white families
ellauri236.html on line 56: Bolsonaro turned in a strong showing in the wealthier south of the country, winning Sao Paulo and his native Rio de Janeiro by margins of over 10%, but it was not enough to compensate for Lula’s massive turnout in the Northeast of Brazil, where the Workers Party has long enjoyed dominance. Indeed, Lula won numerous states by margins of 30%, 40% or even 50%, turning in particularly strong performances in the vote-rich states of Bahia, Ceara, and his native Pernambuco.
ellauri236.html on line 60: Lula's election tonight represents one of the greatest comeback stories in Latin American history. Lula was convicted and imprisoned on corruption and money laundering charges that were later overturned on a technicality by Brazil’s Supreme Court, clearing the way for him to run for an unprecedented third term.
ellauri236.html on line 89: That is because, they say, his defeat can only mean the vote was rigged.
ellauri236.html on line 102: “I look at the things I want to see, and I avoid looking at what they want to show me,” said José Luiz Chaves Fonseca, a turbine engineer for offshore oil platforms who was attending the rally this month north of Rio de Janeiro as a Bolsonaro impersonator. “If everyone dressed like this, they wouldn’t be tricked.”
ellauri236.html on line 132: James Hadley Chase (24 December 1906 – 6 February 1985) was an English writer. While his birth name was René Lodge Brabazon Raymond, he was well known by his various pseudonyms, including James Hadley Chase, James L. Docherty, Raymond Marshall, R. Raymond, and Ambrose Grant. He was one of the best known thriller writers of all time. The canon of Chase, comprising 90 titles, earned him a reputation as the king of thriller writers in Europe. He was also one of the internationally best-selling authors, and to date 50 of his books have been made into films.
ellauri236.html on line 134: Tästä kaikesta voi päätellä että Chasen kirjat ovat pulppia. He was the son of Colonel Francis Raymond of the colonial Indian Army, a veterinary surgeon. His father intended his son to have a scientific career and had him educated at King's School, Rochester, Kent.
ellauri236.html on line 141: Chase left home in 1924 at the age of 18. In 1932, at the age of 26, Chase married Sylvia Ray, and they had a son. In 1956, when the son was 24 (and Rene 50), they moved to France. In 1969 (Rene was 63), they moved to Switzerland, living a secluded life in Corseaux-sur-Vevey, on Lake Geneva. Chase died there on 6 February 1985, at 79. Sylvia was broken hearted and desolate.
ellauri236.html on line 150: Eli siis James Hadley Chase (24 December 1906 – 6 February 1985) was an English writer. While his birth name was René Lodge Brabazon Raymond, he was well known by his various pseudonyms, including James Hadley Chase, James L. Docherty, Raymond Marshall, R. Raymond, and Ambrose Grant. He was one of the best known thriller writers of all time. The canon of Chase, comprising 90 titles, earned him a reputation as the king of thriller writers in Europe. He was also one of the internationally best-selling authors, and to date 50 of his books have been made into films
ellauri236.html on line 169: Prohibition and the ensuing Great Depression in the US (1929–39) had given rise to the Chicago gangster culture prior to World War II. This, combined with Chase's book trade experience, convinced him that there was a big demand for gangster stories. After reading James M. Cain's novel The Postman Always Rings Twice (1934), and having read about the American gangster Ma Barker and her sons, and with the help of maps and a slang dictionary, he wrote No Orchids for Miss Blandish in his spare time, he claimed over a period of six weekends, though his papers suggest it took longer. The book achieved remarkable notoriety and became one of the best-selling books of the decade. It was the subject of the 1944 essay "Raffles and Miss Blandish" by George Orwell (alla). Chase and Robert Nesbitt adapted it to a stage play of the same name which ran in London's West End to good reviews. The 1948 film adaptation was widely denounced as salacious due to the film's portrayal of violence and sexuality. Robert Aldrich did a remake, The Grissom Gang, in 1971.
ellauri236.html on line 182: So much for Raffles. Now for a header into the cesspool. No Orchids for Miss Blandish, by James Hadley Chase, was published in 1939, but seems to have enjoyed its greatest popularity in 1940, during the Battle of Britain and the blitz. In its main outlines its story is this:
ellauri236.html on line 184: Miss Blandish, the daughter of a millionaire, is kidnapped by some gangsters who are almost immediately surprised and killed off by a larger and better organized gang. They hold her to ransom and extract half a million dollars from her father. Their original plan had been to kill her as soon as the ransom-money was received, but a chance keeps her alive. One of the gang is a young man named Slim, whose sole pleasure in life consists in driving knives (well, his prick as well, got to give that much to him) into other people's bellies. In childhood he has graduated by cutting up living animals with a pair of rusty scissors. Slim is sexually impotent, but takes a kind of fancy to Miss Blandish. Slim's mother, who is the real brains of the gang, sees in this the chance of curing Slim's impotence, and decides to keep Miss Blandish in custody till Slim shall have succeeded in raping her. After many efforts and much persuasion, including the flogging of Miss Blandish with a length of rubber hosepipe, the rape is achieved. (Ei se ihan näin mennyt, George!) Meanwhile Miss Blandish's father has hired a private detective, and by means of bribery and torture the detective and the police manage to round up and exterminate the whole gang. Slim escapes with Miss Blandish and is killed after a final juicy rape, and the detective prepares to restore Miss Blandish to her pristine shape. By this time, however, she has developed such a taste for Slim's caresses(3) that she feels unable to live without him, and she jumps, out of the window of a sky-scraper. Footnote 1945. Another reading of the final episode is possible. It may mean merely that Miss Blandish is pregnant, i.e. she is damaged goods. Maybe she is sad that the baby's dad is dead. But the "interpretation" I have given above seems more in keeping with the general brutality of the book.
ellauri236.html on line 186: Several other points need noticing before one can grasp the full implications of this book. To begin with, its central story bears a very marked resemblance to William Faulkner's novel, Sanctuary. Therefore, it is not, as one might expect, the product of an illiterate hack, but a brilliant piece of plagiarism, with hardly a wasted word or a jarring note anywhere. Thirdly, the whole book, récit as well as dialogue, is written in the American language; the author, an Englishman who has (I believe) never been in the United States, seems to have made a complete mental transference to the American underworld. Fourthly, and what is worst (from the point of view of a serious writer like myself) the book sold, according to its publishers, no less than half a million copies. Actually 2.
ellauri236.html on line 194: As I have mentioned already, No Orchids enjoyed its greatest vogue in 1940, though it was successfully running as a play till some time later. It was, in fact, one of the things that helped to console people for the boredom of being bombed. Early in the war the New Yorker had a picture of a little man approaching a news-stall littered with paper with such headlines as ‘Great Tank Battles in Northern France’, ‘Big Naval Battle in the North Sea’, ‘Huge Air Battles over the Channel’, etc., etc. The little man is saying ‘Action Stories, please’. That little man with his little dick stood for all the drugged millions to whom the world of the gangster and the prize-ring is more ‘real’, more ‘tough’, than such things as crucifixions, wars, revolutions, earthquakes, famines, genocides, holocausts and pestilences. From the point of view of a reader of Action Stories, a description of the London blitz, or of the internal struggles of the European underground parties, would be ‘sissy stuff’. On the other hand, some puny gun-battle in Chicago, resulting in perhaps half a dozen deaths, would seem genuinely ‘tough’. This habit of mind is now extremely widespread. A soldier sprawls in a muddy trench, with the machine-gun bullets crackling a foot or two overhead, and whiles away his intolerable boredom by reading an American gangster story. And what is it that makes that story so exciting? Precisely the fact that people are shooting at each other with machine-guns! Neither the soldier nor anyone else sees anything curious in this. It is taken for granted that an imaginary bullet is more thrilling than a real one. (But note one difference: they get a whacking pile of money and loads of wet twat for it.)
ellauri236.html on line 198: There exists in America an enormous literature of more or less the same stamp as No Orchids. Quite apart from books, there is the huge array of ‘pulp magazines’, graded so as to cater for different kinds of fantasy, but nearly all having much the same mental atmosphere. A few of them go in for straight pornography, but the great majority are quite plainly aimed at sadists and masochists. Sold at threepence a copy under the title of Yank Mags(4), these things used to enjoy considerable popularity in England, but when the supply dried up owing to the war, no satisfactory substitute was forthcoming. English imitations of the ‘pulp magazine’ do now exist, but they are poor things compared with the original. English crook films, again, never approach the American crook film in brutality. And yet the career of Mr. Chase shows how deep the American influence has already gone. Not only is he himself living a continuous fantasy-life in the Chicago underworld, but he can count on hundreds of thousands of readers who know what is meant by a ‘clipshop’ or the ‘hotsquat’, do not have to do mental arithmetic when confronted by ‘fifty grand’, and understand at sight a sentence like ‘Johnny was a rummy and only two jumps ahead of the nut-factory’. Evidently there are great numbers of English people who are partly americanized in language and, one ought to add, in moral outlook. For there was no popular protest against No Orchids. In the end it was withdrawn, but only retrospectively, when a later work, Miss Callaghan Comes to Grief, brought Mr. Chase's books to the attention of the authorities. Judging by casual conversations at the time, ordinary readers got a mild thrill out of the obscenities of No Orchids, but saw nothing undesirable in the book as a whole. Many people, incidentally, were under the impression that it was an American book reissued in England.
ellauri236.html on line 200: The thing that the ordinary reader ought to have objected to — almost certainly would have objected to, a few decades earlier — was the equivocal attitude towards crime. It is implied throughout No Orchids that being a criminal is only reprehensible in the sense that it does not pay. Being a policeman pays better, but there is no moral difference, since the police use essentially criminal methods. In a book like He Won't Need It Now the distinction between crime and crime-prevention practically disappears. This is a new departure for English sensational fiction, in which till recently there has always been a sharp distinction between right and wrong and a general agreement that virtue must triumph in the last chapter. English books glorifying crime (modern crime, that is — pirates and highwaymen are different) are very rare. Even a book like Raffles, as I have pointed out, is governed by powerful taboos, and it is clearly understood that Raffles's crimes must be expiated sooner or later. In America, both in life and fiction, the tendency to tolerate crime, even to admire the criminal so long as he is success, is very much more marked. It is, indeed, ultimately this attitude that has made it possible for crime to flourish upon so huge a scale. Books have been written about Al Capone that are hardly different in tone from the books written about Henry Ford, Stalin, Lord Northcliffe and all the rest of the ‘log cabin to White House’ brigade. And switching back eighty years, one finds Mark Twain adopting much the same attitude towards the disgusting bandit Slade, hero of twenty-eight murders, and towards the Western desperadoes generally. They were successful, they ‘made good’, therefore he admired them.
ellauri236.html on line 202: In a book like No Orchids one is not, as in the old-style crime story, simply escaping from dull reality into an imaginary world of action. One's escape is essentially into cruelty and sexual perversion. No Orchids is aimed at the power-instinct, which Raffles or the Sherlock Holmes stories are not. At the same time the English attitude towards crime is not so superior to the American as I may have seemed to imply. It too is mixed up with power-worship, and has become more noticeably so in the last twenty years. A writer who is worth examining is Edgar Wallace, especially in such typical books as The Orator and the Mr. J. G. Reeder stories. Wallace was one of the first crime-story writers to break away from the old tradition of the private detective and make his central figure a Scotland Yard official. Sherlock Holmes is an amateur, solving his problems without the help and even, in the earlier stories, against the opposition of the police. Moreover, like Lupin, he is essentially an intellectual, even a scientist. He reasons logically from observed fact, and his intellectuality is constantly contrasted with the routine methods of the police. Wallace objected strongly to this slur, as he considered it, on Scotland Yard, and in several newspaper articles he went out of his way to denounce Holmes by name. His own ideal was the detective-inspector who catches criminals not because he is intellectually brilliant but because he is part of an all-powerful organization. Hence the curious fact that in Wallace's most characteristic stories the ‘clue’ and the ‘deduction’ play no part. The criminal is always defeated by an incredible coincidence, or because in some unexplained manner the police know all about the crime beforehand. The tone of the stories makes it quite clear that Wallace's admiration for the police is pure bully-worship. A Scotland Yard detective is the most powerful kind of being that he can imagine, while the criminal figures in his mind as an outlaw against whom anything is permissible, like the condemned slaves in the Roman arena. His policemen behave much more brutally than British policemen do in real life — they hit people with out provocation, fire revolvers past their ears to terrify them and so on — and some of the stories exhibit a fearful intellectual sadism. (For instance, Wallace likes to arrange things so that the villain is hanged on the same day as the heroine is married.) But it is sadism after the English fashion: that is to say, it is unconscious, there is not overtly any sex in it, and it keeps within the bounds of the law. The British public tolerates a harsh criminal law and gets a kick out of monstrously unfair murder trials: but still that is better, on any account, than tolerating or admiring crime. If one must worship a bully, it is better that he should be a policeman than a gangster. Wallace is still governed to some extent by the concept of ‘not done’. In No Orchids anything is ‘done’ so long as it leads on to power. All the barriers are down, all the motives are out in the open. Chase is a worse symptom than Wallace, to the extent that all-in wrestling is worse than boxing, or Fascism is worse than capitalist democracy.
ellauri236.html on line 204: In borrowing from William Faulkner's Sanctuary, Chase only took the plot; the mental atmosphere of the two books is not similar. Chase really derives from other sources, and this particular bit of borrowing is only symbolic. What it symbolizes is the vulgarization of ideas which is constantly happening, and which probably happens faster in an age of print. Chase has been described as ‘Faulkner for the masses’, but it would be more accurate to describe him as Carlyle for the masses. He is a popular writer — there are many such in America, but they are still rarities in England — who has caught up with what is now fashionable to call ‘realism’, meaning the doctrine that might is right. The growth of ‘realism’ has been the great feature of the intellectual history of our own age. Why this should be so is a complicated question. The interconnexion between sadism, masochism, success-worship, power-worship, nationalism, and totalitarianism is a huge subject whose edges have barely been scratched, and even to mention it is considered somewhat indelicate. To take merely the first example that comes to mind, I believe no one has ever pointed out the sadistic and masochistic element in Bernard Shaw's work, still less suggested that this probably has some connexion with Shaw's admiration for dictators. Fascism is often loosely equated with sadism, but nearly always by people who see nothing wrong in the most slavish worship of Stalin. The truth is, of course, that the countless English intellectuals who kiss the arse of Stalin are not different from the minority who give their allegiance to Hitler or Mussolini, nor from the efficiency experts who preached ‘punch’, ‘drive’, ‘personality’ and ‘learn to be a Tiger man’ in the nineteen-twenties, nor from that older generation of intellectuals, Carlyle, Creasey and the rest of them, who bowed down before German militarism. All of them are worshipping power and successful cruelty. It is important to notice that the cult of power tends to be mixed up with a love of cruelty and wickedness for their own sakes. A tyrant is all the more admired if he happens to be a bloodstained crook as well, and ‘the end justifies the means’ often becomes, in effect, ‘the means justify themselves provided they are dirty enough’. This idea colours the outlook of all sympathizers with totalitarianism, and accounts, for instance, for the positive delight with which many English intellectuals greeted the Nazi-Soviet pact. It was a step only doubtfully useful to the U.S.S.R., but it was entirely unmoral, and for that reason to be admired; the explanations of it, which were numerous and self-contradictory, could come afterwards.
ellauri236.html on line 206: Until recently the characteristic adventure stories of the English-speaking peoples have been stories in which the hero fights against odds. This is true all the way from Robin Hood to Pop-eye the Sailor. Perhaps the basic myth of the Western world is Jack the Giant-killer, but to be brought up to date this should be renamed Jack the Dwarf-killer, and there already exists a considerable literature which teaches, either overtly or implicitly, that one should side with the big man against the little man. Most of what is now written about foreign policy is simply an embroidery on this theme, and for several decades such phrases as ‘Play the game’, ‘Don't hit a man when he's down’ and ‘It's not cricket’ have never failed to draw a snigger from anyone of intellectual pretensions. What is comparatively new is to find the accepted pattern, according to which (a) right is right and wrong is wrong, whoever wins, and (b) weakness must be respected, disappearing from popular literature as well. When I first read D. H. Lawrence's novels, at the age of about twenty, I was puzzled by the fact that there did not seem to be any classification of the characters into ‘good’ and ‘bad’. Lawrence seemed to sympathize with all of them about equally, and this was so unusual as to give me the feeling of having lost my bearings. Today no one would think of looking for heroes and villains in a serious novel, but in lowbrow fiction one still expects to find a sharp distinction between right and wrong and between legality and illegality. The common people, on the whole, are still living in the world of absolute good and evil from which the intellectuals have long since escaped. But the popularity of No Orchids and the American books and magazines to which it is akin shows how rapidly the doctrine of ‘realism’ is gaining ground.
ellauri236.html on line 210: One ought not to infer too much from the success of Mr. Chase's books. It is possible that it is an isolated phenomenon, brought about by the mingled boredom and brutality of war. (LOL) But if such books should definitely acclimatize themselves in England (or Nigeria!), instead of being merely a half-understood import from America, there would be good grounds for dismay. In choosing Raffles as a background for No Orchids I deliberately chose a book which by the standards of its time was morally equivocal. Raffles, as I have pointed out, has no real moral code, no religion, certainly no social consciousness. All he has is a set of reflexes the nervous system, as it were, of a gentleman. Give him a sharp tap on this reflex or that (they are called ‘sport’, ‘pal’, ‘woman’, ‘king and country’ and so forth), and you get a predictable reaction. In Mr. Chase's books there are no gentlemen and no taboos. Emancipation is complete. Freud and Machiavelli have reached the outer suburbs. Comparing the schoolboy atmosphere of the one book with the cruelty and corruption of the other, one is driven to feel that snobbishness, like hypocrisy, is a check upon behaviour whose value from a social point of view has been underrated.
ellauri236.html on line 370: Chase wrote No Orchids For Miss Blandish over a period of six weekends in 1938. The novel was influenced by the American crime writer James M. Cain and the stories featured in the Pulp magazine Black Breathing Mask. Although he had never visited America, Chase reportedly wrote the book as a bet to pen a story about American gangsters that would out-do The Postman Always Rings Twice in terms of obscenity and daring.
ellauri236.html on line 382: Upon publication, the book was an instant commercial success, selling over half a million copies within five years, despite wartime pulp shortages (thanx to Finland fighting on the other side). It was also controversial, due to its violence and risqué content. In 1944, it was the subject of an essay by George Orwell in Horizon, Raffles and Miss Blandish, in which Orwell claimed that the novel bordered on the obscene.
ellauri236.html on line 384: In 1947, the sado-eroticism in Chase's book was parodied by Raymond Queneau in his pastiche novel, We Always Treat Women Too Well. In 1961, the novel was extensively rewritten and revised by the author because he thought the world of 1939 too distant for a new generation of readers (confusion can result if readers of the Orwell essay refer his quotations and references to the 1962 edition).
ellauri236.html on line 386: In 1973, Gene D. Phillips of Loyola University of Chicago remarked on the influence of William Faulkner's 1931 novel Sanctuary, writing that, "It is a matter of record that [No Orchids for Miss Blandish] was heavily indebted to Sanctuary for its plot line." Phillips also stated that Slim Grisson, who was identified by Phillips as the main antagonist, was based on Popeye The Sailor Man, a criminal in Faulkner's novel. Onko se sama Kippari Kalle joka heilastelee Olkan kanssa ja hoitaa pikku Hajuhernettä?
ellauri236.html on line 388: In 1999, the novel was picked in a survey of the best books from the 20th century by the French retailer Fnac and the Paris newspaper Le Monde in Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century.
ellauri236.html on line 398: While he waited, Eddie noticed a girl standing by a nearby bus stop. She immediately attracted his attention: every good-looking girl did. She was a tall, cool-looking blonde with a figure that made him come in his pants twice. She had a pert prettiness that appealed to Eddie. He studied her face for a brief moment. Her make-up was good. Her mouth was a trifle large, but Eddie didn’t mind that. He liked the sexy look she had and the sophisticated way she wore her yellow summery whore dress.
ellauri236.html on line 401: A woman was leaning far out of the window, looking down at the commotion going on in the street below. Eddie could only see her pyjamaed back and legs, and even under the pressure in his pants, he found himself thinking she had a nice shape.
ellauri236.html on line 403: She was a kid, 18 at the most. She was horny as hell. After some minutes of frantic handiwork, Eddie found his cock getting hard. It got up and he sat on the end of the bed. “I’m getting a hard on,” he said, grinning. “You get off to sleep if you want to.” “I don’t want to sleep,” the girl said. “You scared the life out of me, but looking at what you got, I’m not so scared now.” He came over to the bed and smiled at the girl. “Thanks a lot, baby. You were swell. I wish I could swell s'm more as well." She half sat on it in the bed, but it wouldn't go in.
ellauri236.html on line 415: Miss Blandish lay flat on her back on the bed, covered by a grimy sheet full of tacky blotches. She was staring up at the ceiling.
ellauri236.html on line 420: "Slim is tall and thin and he smells of dirt. He stands over me and stalks. I understand what he is trying to do and applaud it. I pretend to be dead to make it easier for him. I want to scream when he comes, but if I did, he would know I was alive. He goes on for hours over me, mumbling.” Then suddenly she screamed out, “Why doesn't he do it to me?“
ellauri236.html on line 425: Ma’s eyes suddenly snapped with rage. Her face turned purple. “Slim wants her,” she said, lowering her voice and glaring at Eddie. “He’s going to have her. You keep out of it! That goes for the rest of you too!” Eddie felt horny for the girl, but he wasn’t going to risk his life for her.
ellauri236.html on line 433: The door swung open and Anna walked in. She was wearing a pale green summer dress and a big straw hat. Eddie thought she looked terrific.
ellauri236.html on line 438: “Another five minutes,” she said to Woppy who was nursing Thompson's machine gun. "Then it's your turn." Even Slim seemed mildly excited. (Woppy is Italian. So he likes to cook spaghetti.)
ellauri236.html on line 447: There was a long pause. Ma was pale. She went slowly to her chair and sat down. She looked suddenly old. Eddie flabbed again.
ellauri236.html on line 449: Slim stood at the head of the stairs, listening. He grinned to himself. At last he had shown his power. He had scared them all. From now on, he was going to have his rightful place in the gang. Ma was going to take second place. He looked down the passage at Miss Blandish’s room. It was time he stopped rubbing it on her night after night. He must show her he wasn’t only master of his mother, but master of her too. Dammit, he would stick it right in!
ellauri236.html on line 451: Miss Blandish watched him come across the room. She saw his new confidence and she guessed what it was to mean to her.
ellauri236.html on line 460: Fenner was a massively built man of thirty-three. He was dark, with an attractively ugly face and a pugnacious jaw of a man who likes to get his own way and generally does. Fenner on ilmetty narsisti.
ellauri236.html on line 462: Paula Dolan, an attractively ugly girl with raven black wavy hair, large suggestive blue eyes had a figure that Fenner declared was the only asset of value in the newly established business.
ellauri236.html on line 466: “Maybe it was because I love you,” she said softly. Fenner groaned.
ellauri236.html on line 468: “For the love of Mike, don’t start that all over again. I’ve enough worries without you adding to them. Why don’t you get smart, honey? A girl with your looks and your shape could hook a millionaire like Blandish. Why waste your time and talents on a loser like me? I’ll tell you something: I’ll always be broke. It’s a tradition in the family. My grandfather was a bankrupt. My father was a pauper. My uncle was a miser: he went crazy because he couldn’t find any money to mise over.”
ellauri236.html on line 475: Fenner got to his feet. He was surprised Blandish wasn’t a bigger man. Only slightly above middle height, the millionaire seemed puny beside Fenner’s muscular bulk. His eyes gave his face its arresting power and character. Fenner has arresting power on his bulk, and Paula has a caracteristic butt. They were hard, shrewd and alert eyes of a man who has fought his way to the top with no mercy asked nor given. Now this is proper monkey business! Jeff Bezos or Elon Musk in the flesh! Täähän on yhtä mahtavaa kuin Malamudin apinoiden saarella!
ellauri236.html on line 492: What did this Borg girl do for a living when she was going around with Riley?” he asked.
ellauri236.html on line 494: “She did a strip act at the Cosmos Club, strictly for peanuts, but her main meal ticket was Riley.”
ellauri236.html on line 508: He found Paula anxiously waiting for him. One of the important facts of life that Paula had learned the hard way was not to keep any man waiting. She was looking cute in a black dress, relieved by a red carnation. The cut of the dress accentuated her figure so that Fenner took a second look.
ellauri236.html on line 514: Over the years, Chase developed a distinct, signature style in his writing that was fast-paced, with little explanations or details about the surroundings or weather or the unreliable characters. Characters in his novels and short stories would be more coherent than consistent who acted and reacted with unbreakable logic. Punchy sentences, short bursts of dialogue in authentic sounding dictionary slang with plenty of action were the characteristics of his writing.
ellauri236.html on line 516: Chase was subject to several court cases during his career. In 1942, his novel Miss Callaghan Comes to Grief (1941), a lurid account of the white slave trade, was banned by the British authorities after the author and his publisher Jarrold were found guilty of an obscene book. Each was fined a hefty £100. Later, the Anglo-American crime author Raymond Chandler proved that Chase had lifted whole sections of his work in Blonde's Requiem (published 1945) forcing Chase to issue an apology in The Bestseller.
ellauri236.html on line 520: Chase's novels were so thick that the reader was compelled to turn the pages in a non-stop effort to reach the end of the book. The final page often produced a totally unexpected plot twist. (Ei kuitenkaan tossa lähtöjuhlissa, kurkistin.) His early books contained some violence that matched the era in which they were written. Unfortunately, sex was never explicit and, though often hinted at, seldom happened. That would invariably leave even his most die-hard fans disappointed. This may be why his books failed to take hold in the American market.
ellauri236.html on line 522: In many of his novels, treacherous women play a significant role. The protagonist falls in love with one and is prepared to kill someone at her behest. Only when he is killed, does he realise that the woman was manipulating him for her own ends. He never got it into her backend well and good, despite all the promises.
ellauri238.html on line 44: It was brillig, and sleep, gently flowing, Was trickling through my dreaming soul, When the vague form of a vibrant ghost. Arrived to disturb my dreaming, softly. Leaning down to me, pure ivory teeth, And offering me her flickering tongue, Her lips were kissing me, sweet and long, Mouth on mouth, thigh on thigh beneath...
ellauri238.html on line 514: (ich knurre: man tut was man kann) (murisen suotta: teen mitä pystyn)
ellauri238.html on line 648: We express our deep respect to Karpov as a chess player. We express our deep contempt for him as a Russian and an accomplice of Putin. The mentioned match, as you probably know, was also an ideological battle (considering the status of Korchnoi and considering how opportunistic Karpov was both under the Soviet regime and under the current Russian regime). It's a pity that Korchnoi couldn't win and Fischer refused to play at all. Korchnoi jumped to our side and Fischer was an exemplary Jew.
ellauri238.html on line 650: Born in Leningrad, Soviet Union (USSR), Korchnoi defected to the Netherlands in 1976, and resided in Switzerland from 1978, becoming a Swiss citizen. Korchnoi played four matches, three of which were official, against GM Anatoly Karpov. In 1974, Korchnoi lost the Candidates Tournament final to Karpov. Karpov was declared World Champion in 1975 when GM Bobby Fischer declined to defend his title. Korchnoi then won two consecutive Candidates cycles to qualify for World Chess Championship matches with Karpov in 1978 and 1981 but lost both.
ellauri238.html on line 761: Since the 1960s, he was nominated several times for the Nobel Prize in literature. His books have been translated into 38 languages. Sodan aikana se kuului vastaritaliikkeeseen. Mihinkähän niistä? Nobel kimityxistä päätellen ei ainakaan kommunistiseen. Hyvin päätelty Robin! Herbert was educated as an economist and a lawyer. Herbert was one of the main poets of the Polish opposition to communism. Se oli porvari ties monennessa polvessa.
ellauri238.html on line 763: The poet´s father, Bolesław (half-blooded Armenian), was a soldier in the Polish Legions during World War I and a defender of Lwów; he was a lawyer and worked as a bank manager. Herbert's grandfather was an English language teacher. Zbigniew's mother, Maria, came from the Kaniak family. (Mikähän sekin on?)
ellauri238.html on line 765: During the nazi occupation, he worked as a feeder of lice in the Rudolf Weigl Institute. From January until July 1952, he was a salaried blood donor. The loss of Lviw to the reds was an important theme in his later works. Herbert was attached to his new homeland tynkä-Poland, but at the same time was deeply disgusted by all effects (political, economical, cultural etc.) of the commies.
ellauri238.html on line 862: Born in Germany in 1924, Amichai and his family fled the country during Hitler’s rise to power when Amichai was 12 and settled in Palestine. Although Amichai’s native language was German, he read Hebrew fluently by the time he immigrated to Palestine. During the 1948 Arab-Israeli war he fought with the Israeli defense forces. The rigors and horrors of his service in this conflict, and in World War II, inform his poetry.
ellauri238.html on line 865: Alter stressed it was important to remember that Amichai is not simply an Auden or a William Carlos Williams writing from right to left. Far from it! Yehuda Amichai was an Israeli poet and author, one of the first to write in colloquial Hebrew in modern times. Amichai was awarded the 1957 Shlonsky Prize, the 1969 Brenner Prize, 1976 Bialik Prize, and 1982 Israel Prize. He also won international poetry prizes, and was nominated several times for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
ellauri238.html on line 873: Once I left it before I was finished Kerran lähdin ennenkuin mä olin valmis
ellauri238.html on line 891: And the twentieth century was the blood in my veins, Ja 20. vuosisata oli veri mun suonissa,
ellauri240.html on line 63: As her fame grew there was an increase in disapproval among psychologists and psychiatrists (an all-male panel) . They questioned both the validity of her psychological claims and her authority in providing psychological advice. A growing number of male psychologists began to believe the advice she provided to her audience was unethical insofar as she did not hold any clinical degree and she was giving advice for free, not to patients who were paying customers. Mr. Stevens and Mr. Gardener, the authors of “Women and Psychology,” stated that “traditional psychologists smile subtly when her name is mentioned and they often complain that she actually does more damage to the Brotherhood than good. Besides, her eyes are way too close together.“
ellauri240.html on line 105: Bullshit artist David B. Miller designed Krueger's disfigured face based on photographs of burn victims obtained from the UCLA Medical Center. The film was inspired by several newspaper articles printed in the Los Angeles Times in the 1970s about Hmong refugees, who, after fleeing to the United States because of U.S. war and genocide in Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam, suffered disturbing nightmares and refused to sleep. Some of the men died in their sleep soon after. Medical authorities called the phenomenon Asian Death Syndrome.
ellauri240.html on line 107: Many Hmong refugees settled in the United States after the Vietnam War. Beginning in December 1975, the first Hmong refugees arrived in the U.S., mainly from refugee camps in Thailand; however, only 3,466 were granted asylum at that time under the Indochina Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1975. In May 1976, another 11,000 were allowed to enter the United States, and by 1978 some 30,000 Hmong people had immigrated. This first wave was made up predominantly of men directly associated with General Vang Pao's secret army. The Hmong allied with the French against the Communists during the whole Indochina War and with the Americans during the whole Vietnam War, hoping to resist communist Viêt Minh control. So here was the thanx for their efforts.
ellauri240.html on line 109: During the Secret War, in the early 1960s through 1970s the word "Miao or Meo (meaning "cats", "barbarians", and even "Sons of Soiled Pants")" was used until it was changed by General Vang Pao and Dr. Yang Dao to "Hmong", with an added "H" in front of the word "Mong" just for fun. During that time, Dr. Yang Dao just like that, out of the hat, defined and cited the word 'Hmong' to mean "Free Men". This assertion was originally put forth by Yang Dao, himself a Hmong, who felt that framing the etymology of the word "Hmong" as meaning "free" would be beneficial to the self esteem of the Sons of Soil themselves.
ellauri240.html on line 124: Vang Pao has been widely portrayed by his Hmong supporters and the US media as an American war hero and venerated leader of the Hmong people. The former CIA chief William Colby once called him "the biggest hero of the Vietnam war". He came very close to having a park in Madison City, Wisconsin, named after him in 2002. But McCoy objected to the honouring of a man who had ordered the summary executions of prisoners and soldiers who crossed him, and accused Vang Pao of war crimes and heroin-trafficking. Five years later, Vang Pao's name was removed from a new school in Madison after opponents said it should not bear the name of a man with such a blood-stained history.
ellauri240.html on line 126: He was married to five women but was forced to divorce four of them when he arrived in the US. He is survived by his son, Chu Vang. It has been reported Vang Pao fathered more than 20, no, min 25 children.
ellauri240.html on line 128: In 2007, he was arrested and charged with other Hmong leaders in federal court with conspiracy in a plot to kill communist officials in his native country. Federal prosecutors alleged the Lao liberation movement known as Neo Hom raised millions of dollars to recruit a mercenary force and conspired to obtain weapons.
ellauri240.html on line 132: This story is part of the collection The Call to Serve: Stories of Sacrifice, War and the Way Home, which was funded by the Fred C. and Katherine B. Andersen Foundation.
ellauri240.html on line 134: Fred was the president and chairman of Andersen Corp., America's largest manufacturer of windows and patio doors, from 1914 until he retired in 1972. He served the company for more than 75 years. Katherine also devoted much of her time to the company, serving on the board of directors for 50 years. In 1959, the couple created the Andersen Foundation, now called the Fred C. and Katherine B. Andersen Foundation.
ellauri240.html on line 205: Metalious's father deserted his wife and three daughters when Grace was 11 years old. At that time divorce was unusual in a French Canadian family, and Grace and her sisters felt stigmatized. In high school Grace met George Metalious, who was neither Catholic nor of French-Canadian background and, thus, highly unacceptable to her family. Nevertheless, they married in 1943. A few years later, with one child already, the Metalious's moved to Durham, New Hampshire, where George attended the University of New Hampshire. It was here that Metalious began writing seriously, neglecting both her house and, eventually, three children, despite the condemnation of her neighbors.
ellauri240.html on line 207: After graduation George was offered a position as a principal at a school in Gilmanton, New Hampshire. By now the family had three children, all dependent upon his meager salary. It was while she was living in Gilmanton that Julian Messner, a New York publisher, agreed to publish Peyton Place. The book was a best seller by the fall of 1956, and Metalious became a wealthy woman overnight. Eventually, 20 million copies were sold in hardcover, along with another 12 million Dell paperbacks. Metalious became famous as the housewife who wrote a bestseller; she was referred to as "Pandora in Blue Jeans," the simple small-town woman who opened the box of sins.
ellauri240.html on line 209: Peyton Place is the story of a small New England town that, beneath its calm exterior, is filled with scandal and dark secrets. The novel contains sex, suicide, abortion, murder and a subsequent trial, and rape. The citizens of Gilmanton were outraged, certain that Grace Metalious was describing real people in the book and sure that she had brought shame and unwarranted notoriety to their town. After Peyton Place was published, the whole image of the small town in America was forever changed. From then on the very phrase "Peyton Place" was used to describe a town that is rife with deep secrets and rampant sex beneath the veneer of picturesque calm.
ellauri240.html on line 211: Peyton Place was banned in many communities; in fact, the local public library refused to purchase a copy of the book and did not have one until 1976, when newswoman Barbara Walters donated one to them. In Gilmanton there were threats of libel suits against Grace Metalious. Ministers and political leaders all over the country condemned the novel, claiming that it would corrupt the morals of young people who read it. The novel was banned altogether in Canada and several other countries.
ellauri240.html on line 213: Despite its notoriety and the large amounts of money it earned her, the book led to the ruination of Grace Metalious. She purchased a house that she had long admired in Gilmanton, then had it extensively remodeled. Meanwhile, her husband's contract with the Gilmanton school was not renewed. Officially, he was not fired, but the rumor was that the dismissal was because of his wife's book. At any rate, it made good publicity for the book. George eventually got a new job in Massachusetts, but Grace refused to leave her house. Eventually the two divorced and Grace, who had begun drinking heavily, married a local disc jockey.
ellauri240.html on line 217: After she died, George wrote his own book called The Girl from "Peyton Place." The book offers a husband's view of how Metalious was exploited after the publication of the book, but also of how she was responsible for bringing unhappiness to herself and to others. A whole series of other "Peyton Place" books were produced after Grace Metalious's death, with titles like The Evils of Peyton Place and Temptations of Peyton Place. None of these were a commercial success.
ellauri240.html on line 219: Peyton Place was made into a movie starring Lana Turner and Hope Lange in 1957. The town of Gilmanton opposed having the movie filmed there, and eventually it was filmed in Camden, Maine, a location totally unlike any rural mill town. A television series, starring Mia Farrow and Dorothy Malone, was produced that lasted from 1964-1969. Both the film and the television show were cleaned up and did not contain the language or sexual specificity of the novel.
ellauri240.html on line 221: Although Peyton Place is still well known for its depiction of a certain kind of small town society with many hidden secrets, few people read the book any longer. Few people read any books any longer. Scandalous in its time, it no longer has the same force of shock that it did when it was published. Thanx to the pill.
ellauri240.html on line 237: Constancea häirizee että mustalais-Selena näyttää 13-vuotiaana naiselta. Jerry Lee Lewis-vainaja meni sen ikäisen serkuntytön kanssa naimisiin, vaikkei ero edellisen vaimon kanssa ollut vielä selvä. Siihen tyssäsi Jerryn tähdenlento. Tuli kananlento. Great balls of fire. Muhammedin lentoa ei moinen haitannut. Eikä Allisonin juutalaisen hellunkaan. Allen sexually assaulted his adopted daughter Dylan Farrow when she was seven - which he has vehemently denied. But who believes him? He took porn pics of the adolescent Korean girl while they still lived in Allison's home.
ellauri240.html on line 242: In the four-part US series by HBO, Dylan Farrow recalled the moment that Woody Allen allegedly "touched her private parts" when she was seven. Dylan, now aged 35, has previously written that Allen one day led her to an attic at their house when she was seven years old. She alleged: "He told me to lay on my stomach and play with my brother’s electric train set. Then he sexually assaulted me."
ellauri240.html on line 246: When Mia and Allen first began their relationship, the Korean chick was 11.
They married when she was 21, Mia 47 and the mocky 57.
ellauri240.html on line 282: Thomas Middleton (baptised 18 April 1580 – July 1627; also spelt Midleton) was an English Jacobean playwright and poet. He, with John Fletcher and Ben Jonson, was among the most successful and prolific of playwrights at work in the Jacobean period, and among the few to gain equal success in comedy and tragedy.
ellauri240.html on line 284: Middleton's plays are marked by often amusingly presented cynicism about the human race. True heroes are a rarity: almost every character is selfish, greedy and self-absorbed. Middleton's work has long been praised by literary critics, among them Algernon Charles Swinburne and T. S. Eliot. The latter thought Middleton was second only to Shakespeare.
ellauri240.html on line 500: Founded in 2008 by Rainn Wilson et al., SoulPancake was created to encourage open-heart dialogue about what it means to be human. Throughout the years, we created content that explores the ways we all seek connection, hope, truth, identity, and purpose. (What a revolting bunch of buzzwords!)
ellauri241.html on line 55: In 2019, the BBC polled 368 film experts from 84 countries to name the 100 greatest films directed by women; Bright Star was voted at No. 54.
ellauri241.html on line 95: Fast by the springs where she to bathe was wont, Paasto lähteillä, joissa hän kävi kylpemässä, ei ollut tapana,
ellauri241.html on line 99: Ah, what a world of love was at her feet! Ah, mikä rakkauden maailma oli hänen jalkojensa välissä!
ellauri241.html on line 126: She was a gordian shape of dazzling hue, Hän oli Gordionin muotoinen, häikäisevän sävyinen,
ellauri241.html on line 138: Her head was serpent, but ah, bitter-sweet! Hänen päänsä oli käärme, mutta ah, katkeransuloinen!
ellauri241.html on line 143: Her throat was serpent, but the words she spake Hänen kurkkunsa oli käärme, mutta sanat, jotka hän puhui,
ellauri241.html on line 197: "I was a woman, let me have once more "Olin nainen, anna minun olla vielä kerran
ellauri241.html on line 204: She breathed upon his eyes, and swift was seen hän hengitti hänen silmiinsä, ja nopeasti näki
ellauri241.html on line 206: It was no dream; or say a dream it was, Se ei ollut unta; tai, sano, unelma se oli,
ellauri241.html on line 242: So that, in moments few, she was undrest Niin että muutamassa hetkessä hän oli riisuttu
ellauri241.html on line 268: Ah, happy Lycius! for she was a maid Ah, onnellinen Lycius! sillä hän oli piika kauniimpi
ellauri241.html on line 320: His phantasy was lost, where reason fades, Hänen mielikuvituksensa katosi sinne, missä järki hämärtyy,
ellauri241.html on line 339: And still the cup was full, while he afraid ja silti kuppi oli täynnä, samalla kun hän pelkäsi,
ellauri241.html on line 356: Thy memory will waste me to a shade haaltuisit, muistosi niistäisi minut varjoxi.
ellauri241.html on line 382: And as he from one trance was wakening Ja kuin hän yhdestä transsista oli heräämässä
ellauri241.html on line 392: For that she was a woman, and without sillä hiän oli nainen, eikä
ellauri241.html on line 405: Late on that eve, as ´twas the night before Myöhemmin sinä iltana koska oli Adonixen juhlan aatto,
ellauri241.html on line 429: If ´Twas too far that night for her soft feet. Olisko se liian kaukana sinä yönä hänen pehmeille jaloilleen.
ellauri241.html on line 430: The way was short, for Lamia's eagerness Tie oli lyhyt, Leimin innokkuudella,
ellauri241.html on line 472: And so unsullied was the marble hue, ja niin tahraton oli marmorin sävy,
ellauri241.html on line 498: Or clench'd it quite: but too short was their bliss tai puristanut sen täysin: mutta liian lyhyt oli heidän autuutensa
ellauri241.html on line 537: Where he was mirror'd small in paradise, missä hän oli pieni kuvajainen paratiisissa:
ellauri241.html on line 559: To change his purpose. He thereat was stung, muuttaakseen hänen tarkoitustaan. Se pisti häntä,
ellauri241.html on line 566: Fierce and sanguineous as ´twas possible Niin kiihkeän ja synkän kuin oli mahdollista
ellauri241.html on line 568: Fine was the mitigated fury, like Hienoa oli lieventynyt raivo, kuten
ellauri241.html on line 595: Of deep sleep in a moment was betrayed. tylsään varjoon hetkessä oli petkutettu.
ellauri241.html on line 597: It was the custom then to bring away Siihen aikaan oli tapana tuoda pois
ellauri241.html on line 603: (Lycius was gone to summon all his kin) (Lycius meni kutsumaan kaikki sukulaisensa)
ellauri241.html on line 611: There was a noise of wings, till in short space kuului siipien suhinaa, kunnes oli vähän tilaa.
ellauri241.html on line 651: ´Twas Apollonius: something too he laughed, Se oli Apollonius: jotain myös hän naureskeli
ellauri241.html on line 654: And solve and melt 'twas just as he foresaw. ja ratketa ja sulaa, se oli juuri niin kuin hän ennusti!
ellauri241.html on line 667: Of wealthy lustre was the banquet-room, Rikaskiiltoinen oli juhlasali,
ellauri241.html on line 698: At first, for scarcely was the wine at flow; Aluksi, sillä tuskin viini vielä virtasi;
ellauri241.html on line 709: Soon was God Bacchus at meridian height; Pian Jumala Bacchus oli pituuspiirin korkeudella;
ellauri241.html on line 728: There was an awful rainbow once in heaven: Taivaassa oli kerran kauhea sateenkaari:
ellauri241.html on line 749: ´Twas icy, and the cold ran through his veins; Se oli jäinen, ja kylmä kulki hänen suonissaan;
ellauri241.html on line 758: There was no recognition in those orbs. Noissa silmämunissa ei ollut mitään tunnistusta.
ellauri241.html on line 773: The deep-recessed vision all was blight; Syvälle upotetussa visiossa kaikki oli rumaa;
ellauri241.html on line 895: Thou wast not born for death, immortal Bird! Et ole syntynyt kuolemaan, kuolematon lintu!
ellauri241.html on line 897: The voice I hear this passing night was heard Äänen, jonka kuulen tänä kuluvana yönä, kuuli
ellauri241.html on line 982: Enter Endymion: His "youth' was fully blown,

ellauri241.html on line 1035: To whose cool bosom he was used to bring

ellauri241.html on line 1038: Soon was he quieted to slumbrous rest:

ellauri241.html on line 1045: Thus, in her bower, Endymion was calm'd to life again,

ellauri241.html on line 1078: And press'd me with the hand: Ah! 'twas too much;

ellauri241.html on line 1083: There was store of newest joys upon that alp.
ellauri241.html on line 1085: Fuck, that was just a silly dream,

ellauri241.html on line 1091: Where long ago a giant battle was;

ellauri241.html on line 1143: Like blind Orion he was hungry for the mom.

ellauri241.html on line 1157: 'Twas far too strange, and wonderful for sadness;

ellauri241.html on line 1207: And then it was over, with nudge and a wink.
ellauri241.html on line 1215: By Jove! he bowed, though his arse was still sore,

ellauri241.html on line 1219: To his capable ears, silence was music from the holy spheres;

ellauri241.html on line 1313: Henceforth was dove-like, rather than a hawk.

ellauri241.html on line 1314: Loth was he to move

ellauri241.html on line 1316: 'Twas with slow, languid paces, and face hid

ellauri241.html on line 1377: Of her pee: 'twas very sweet; he stay'd

ellauri241.html on line 1414: The gulping whale was like a dot in the spell,

ellauri241.html on line 1416: (It was a spy-glass, I would bet.)
ellauri241.html on line 1431: He rose: he grasp'd his stool, 'twas still warm,

ellauri241.html on line 1489: He was a poor fisherman from 1000 years back,

ellauri241.html on line 1493: He was a lonely youth on desert shores.

ellauri241.html on line 1497: His life was like a vast sponge of fate.

ellauri241.html on line 1498: The crown of his life was utmost quietude.

ellauri241.html on line 1505: to catch Scylla, but she was too quick.

ellauri241.html on line 1514: But she was gone, just the camel smell was left.

ellauri241.html on line 1538: I look'd—'twas Scylla! Cursed, cursed Circe!

ellauri241.html on line 1543: Dead as she was, I clung about her

ellauri241.html on line 1567: And of those numbers every eye was wet;

ellauri241.html on line 1570: Like what was never heard in all the throes

ellauri241.html on line 1575: A big party was arranged for all

ellauri241.html on line 1579: What fun! A groovy time was had by all.
ellauri241.html on line 1615: Oh no, this was just too much for Endymion.

ellauri241.html on line 1639: The Maiden reappears to the shepherd-prince as he returns to earth. Endymion is overcome with relief and joy and says that he has wasted too long searching for nothing but a dream and wants to start a life with the Maiden. She tells him that they cannot be together because he is forbidden to her. They wander through the forest and are quiet and somber until Endymion sees his sister Peona in the distance. They rush together and embrace. Peona implores Endymion to "weep not so" and "sigh no more" for the Indian Maiden can be his queen of Latmos. Endymion responds that "a hermit young, [he will] live in mossy cave" but Peona can visit him regularly. The resigned shepherd-prince leaves behind a confused Peona and Maiden and visits the altar of Diana to "bid adieu / To her for the last time." Peona and the Indian Maiden arrive. Endymion watches in stunned disbelief as the Indian Maiden transforms into his beloved Diana. It is revealed that Cynthia, Diana, and the Indian Maiden are the same woman. Actually Peona too! For all practical purposes, all women are the same: one hole up front and two more in the pants. Endymion swoons and after "three swiftest kisses" they vanish together leaving Peona who walks home in wonderment.
ellauri241.html on line 1645: The poem has been criticized for its inconsistencies and its somewhat disappointing conclusion. Seems Keaz whisked the guy away at the end quickly before he could get into any more mischief. He was probably thoroughly fed up with him. But then again Jack was just 22. Endymion presents many problems to its interpreters, as it did to Jack himself. Critics have, however, been able to agree that the poem contains considerable eroticism.
ellauri243.html on line 127:
ellauri243.html on line 135: Nevada is home to a number of federal reservations and colonies. The major tribes are the Washouts, Northern Paiute, Southern Paiute, and Western Shoeshines. Many have been hit disproportionately hard by the coronavirus and may have pre-existing health conditions or live in remote areas with limited access to medical care. In the Reno-Sparks Indian Colony, a clever color-coded card system was set up for people to signal from their windows for help with a health issue, food shortage, or other problem.
ellauri243.html on line 147: until the American Holocaust, when the United States was attacked by waves of Russian bombers launching hypersonic nuclear-tipped missiles. Almost the entire fleet of American long-range bombers and more than half of America's intercontinental-ballistic-missile arsenal was wiped out in a matter of hours. But Battle Mountain's little fleet of high-tech bombers, led by Patrick McLanahan, survived and formed the spearhead of the American counterattack that destroyed most of Russia's ground-launched intercontinental nuclear missiles and restored a tenuous sort of parity in nuclear forces between the two nations. On the plus side, there are now less than half so many hungry mouths left to feed on the entire ball of fire. Except this, everything goes on as before, business as usual.
ellauri243.html on line 159: Thomas Torquemada Thorn (born Thomas A. Lockyear, II; 2 August 1964) is an American musician. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, he is best known as co-founder of, and lead vocalist for, the industrial metal band The Electric Hellfire Club. Joint Air Base Battle Mountain was not spared. Every aircraft at the once-bustling base was in "hangar queen" status - available only as spare parts for cars. Most planes placed in "flyable storage" were not even mothballed, but just hoisted up on clothes hangers.
ellauri243.html on line 188: 1. Barking at the ape 2. Box lunch at the ‘Y’ 3. Breakfast in bed 4. Brushing one’s teeth 5. Carpet-munching 6. Chewing the she-Fat 7. Clam-jousting 8. Clam-lapping 9. Cleaning the fish tank 10. Connie lingus 11. Contacting the aliens 12. Conversing with moses 13. Devil’s kiss 14. Dinner beneath the bridge 15. Doing it the French way 16. Donning the Beard 17. Drinking from the furry cup 18. Eating at the ‘Y’ 19. Eating fur pie 20. Eating out 21. Eating the peach 22. Eating squirrel 23. Eating sushi from the barbershop floor 24. Eating tinned mussels 25. Egg mcmuff 26. Face-fucking 27. Facing the nation 28. Fanny-noshing 29. Fence-painting 30. French-kissing Mr. Lincoln 31. Fuzz sandwich 32. Giving face 33. Gnawing on roast beef 34. Going downstairs for breakfast 35. Going south 36. Gomorrahry 37. Gorilla in the washing machine 38. Growling at the badger 39. Gumming the monster 40. Husband’s supper 41. Kissing between the hips 42. Kissing the wookie 43. Lady braille 44. Lady Semaphore 45. Larking 46. Lapping the gap 47. Lapping the lint trap 48. Lick-a-chick 49. Lickety-slit 50. Licking anchovy 51. Lip service 52. Lip-synching to the fish-fueled jukebox 53. Low-calorie snacking 54. Making mouth music 55. Medicating the hairy paper cut 56. Mopping the vulva 57. Mustache-riding 58. Muff-diving 59. Mumbling in the moss 60. Munching the bearded clam 61. One-man band 62. Oyster-gargling 63. Parting the fuzz 64. Pastrami sandwich 65. Pearl-diving 66. Placating the beaver 67. Playing in the sandbox 68. Playing the hair harmonica 69. Prawn breath 70. Pruning the orchid 71. Pug-noshing 72. Pussy-nibbling 73. Seafood dinner 74. Sipping at the fizzy cup 75. Sitting on a face 76. Slurping at the furry coconut 77. Smoking the fur 78. Sneezing in the basket 79. Spa time For Lady Boner 80. Speaking in tongues 81. Spraying the crops 82. Tackling the Brazilian 83. Talking to the canoe driver 84. Talking to lassie 85. Telephoning the stomach 86. Testing the echo in the love cave 87. Testing the waters 88. Tipping the velvet 89. Tongue-fucking 90. Tonguing the bean 91. Trimming the hedges 92. Velvet buzzsaw 93. Wearing the feed bag 94. Wearing the Sticky Beard 95. Whispering into the wet ear 96. Whispering to Venus 97. Whistling in the dark 98. Worshiping at the altar 99. Yaffling 100. Yodeling in the canyon 101. January Nelson
ellauri243.html on line 198: The Gadsden flag was featured prominently in a report related to the January 6, 2021 storming of the United States Capitol. Thirty-four-year-old Rosanne Boyland carried one when she bravely collapsed from an amphetamine overdose and died in the Capitol.
ellauri243.html on line 211: In addition to its prior history as an American symbol, the rattlesnake was seen at the time in Gadsden's birthplace of Charleston, South Carolina as a "noble and useful" animal that gave warning before it attacked.
ellauri243.html on line 293: Ali Khan married Amrita Singh, who was 12 years or older, shockwaves
ellauri243.html on line 296: Ali Khan married Amrita Singh, who was 12 years not older, shockwaves
ellauri243.html on line 325: realized that his now-wife was the one, and confessed: "'I don't know what
ellauri243.html on line 326: I was thinking. I was dating someone else but they're just not as
ellauri243.html on line 343: Hopper was unstable and fired guns in the... Читать ещё... Avioliitto on
ellauri243.html on line 488: In April 2004, Brown pleaded guilty to charges of tax fraud. He was charged with creating companies in the West Indies for the purposes of receiving tax deductions from fictitious expenses. The fictitious expenses amounted to more than $440,000, which Brown claimed on his 1998 income tax filing. He used the tax deductions to remodel his retirement home in Incline Village, Nevada.
ellauri243.html on line 495: Dale Brown is a Scorpio and was born in The Year of the Monkey. Scorpio is one of the most misunderstood signs of the zodiac because of its incredible passion and power. Scorpios are extremely clairvoyant and intuitive. They never show their cards, and their enigmatic nature is what makes them so seductive and beguiling. Scorpio is ruled by Pluto, Mickey Mouse´s dog.
ellauri243.html on line 499: His first novel was Flight of the Old Dog and it launched his career. The plot of the book surrounds the mission of Gen. Bradley Elliot. He is testing a unique old bomber and the mission occurs to him to destroy a soviet weapon on site in Soviet Union before it is deployed. The aircraft is called Old Dog and it has to get the team to safety.
ellauri243.html on line 501: The book was met with widely positive reviews and it was on the bestsellers list. It is important to note that the original hardcover release of the book did not make the best sellers list. It was only when the publisher sent Brown on a tour of military bases to peddle the paperback release, that it made the list. The highest position was number 4 and it ended up selling over a million copies in the first two weeks.
ellauri243.html on line 510: Dale Brown is still at the forefront of publishing novels today. He most recent novel, Tiger’s Claw, was released in August 2013. The plot of this book surround President Phoenix, Arizona, who has again slashed the military budget just when China begins to test it’s new domestic missile.
ellauri243.html on line 516: Robert Dale Brown is a boxer, who represented Canada at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There he was stopped in the second round of the light heavyweight division by Germany’s Torsten May. Beginning in 2001, he collaborated with fellow author Jim DeFelice on the Dreamland series of books. Oops, nyt tuli sanottua se mitä ei olisi saanut sanoa. (Lea majalla tyytyväisen näköisenä.)
ellauri243.html on line 521: I purchased my first book of your quite by mistake thinking it was Dan Brown. After having read it I was hooked and have purchased all of them and now both of my sons are reading them. Looking forward to many more, please.
ellauri243.html on line 529: Graeme: 1 year ago. I believe that was Plan of Attack:
ellauri243.html on line 538: FBI bird on pitempi kuin Pat ja sen avonainen pusero korostaa nätisti sen tissejä. Se puristaa Pättiä (kädestä) hirmu kovasti. Her job was to bat her eyes and shake her ass at suspects, but sadly, old Pat had lost his sense of touch. But beefy Brad is casting glances at her cleavage. Brad's eyes follow Cassandra's fan as she waddles back across the hangar. He has his seed bags hitched up and his pink torpedo all armed up for rapid deployment. Musta leski Cassandra valmistautuu nielemään sen hook, line and sinker. "Dreamer" January Nelsonia lainataxemme (yllä): get ready for suck-starting the Harley, swallowing the baloney pony, taking her temp with a meat thermometer.
ellauri243.html on line 542: Tämmönen Bob Stearns kuoli hiljattain. Robert "Bob" H. Stearns, Columbia, SC * December 9, 1936 + January 5, 2023. Tämä Bob kyllä piti lentokoneista. He had a lifelong love affair with airplanes and flying, owned a half dozen aircraft and enjoyed meeting up with his flying buddies, meticulously restoring vintage aircraft and going to fly-ins. His health eventually clipped his wings, and after that he turned his attention to volunteering at Riverbanks Zoo and nurturing a latent talent for painting, which was discovered after Bob and Marge moved to Stilled Hopes.
ellauri243.html on line 550: Bob Stearns, CEO of Powerful Potential. BOB STEARNS is one of only 95 people in history to lead an organization to win the prestigious Malcolm Baldrige Award. He was the Leader and Architect of Pittsburgh based Medrad’s 2003 journey to win the prestigious award. Medrad won the Baldrige award again in 2010. The Baldrige Award is presented annually by the President of the United States to organizations that excel in seven categories, including results. As Chief Human Resources Officer of CoManage, Bob led that company to be named the Best Place to Work in Pa.” He has also received the American Society for Training and Development Award for Excellence. Bob has served as a Director on the Boards of National Church Solutions, The Orchards at Foxcrest, the Pa. Society of Association Executives, the Pa. Association of Non Profit Organizations and a Woman owned business through Powerlink and Seton Hill University. Bob has owned and been the CEO of PowerfulPotential since 1985.
ellauri243.html on line 554: Bob´s book is about Perpetual Potential. Inside these pages, you will discover three invaluable lessons that will propel you closer to your true potential. The lessons will serve you well on either of two different, but parallel roads you may travel: The roads towards triumph or tragedy, as well as the roads in between. In 2003 the author, Bob Stearns was on top of the world. He led his company to win the most prestigious business award in the country, the Malcolm Baldrige award. Just five short years later, tragedy struck. Bob´s oldest son Eric was killed while on a study trip abroad in Athens, Greece. Eric was 21 years old at the time and was a junior at Penn State University. Although Eric lost his precious life in Greece, he found something sprawled under the pillars of the Acropolis that many people search for their entire lifetimes. He found inner peace in the knowledge that he could truly be anything he wanted to be, he could do anything he wanted to with his life. In his book "Perhaps a Man Can Change the Stars - Eric's Pursuit of Perpetual Potential", Bob shares with you three life lessons that allowed Eric to understand his true potential. Those same lessons helped Bob and his family deal with Eric´s death. The same lessons had enabled Bob to lead his company to triumph five years earlier. A key take away from the book is that no matter what stage of life you find yourself, you have the potential to explore. You have the potential to utilize and grow the talents and aspirations that you currently have. You have the potential to rekindle old talents that lie dormant, and to allow new talents to blossom. This is true regardless of age, circumstances, and what other people may be telling us. So read, explore and think deeply about how you can apply the three lessons that Bob learned from Eric. Decide for yourself how you can best use them. Indeed, our Potential is Perpetual!
ellauri243.html on line 610: David Joseph Mahoney Jr. (May 17, 1923 – May 1, 2000) was an American business leader, philanthropist and author. He joined a passionate community of people who love what you love.
ellauri243.html on line 611: His father, David Mahoney Sr., was an Irish immigrant construction crane operator in Bronx. Mahoney´s mother, Loretta Cahill, was a telephone operator with New York Bell.
ellauri243.html on line 614: In 1970, Mahoney was appointed a U.S. Chairman of the President Richard Nixon Fan Club, an exclusive online community of fans and superfans.
ellauri243.html on line 616: Mahoney was married to model Barbara "Barbie" Ann Moore, and the couple had two children. He later married model Hildegarde "Hillie" Merrill, the former Mrs. Arthur C. Merrill, who had two sons from her previous marriage.
ellauri243.html on line 701: Whoever tales most chesspieces off the board wins a Baskin Robbins certificate. This is not war its a game. Roxanne was already ignoring the senior beside her. Grabbing the wrong trackball, she won´t win the certificate!
ellauri243.html on line 705: The television show " Rowan & Martin's Laugh-I n," popular in the late 1960's and early 1970's, was famous for awarding its goofy trophy, the Flying Fickle Finger of Fate. But the term fickle finger of fate is actually decades older than that. The unpredictable and capricious nature of chance or fate, an Americanism popular in college circles during the 1930s. Sometimes the alliteration is extended coarsely to 'fucked by the fickle finger of fate' an expression which became popular in the US military during World War II.
ellauri243.html on line 707: "The Moving Finger writes; and, having writ, Moves on: nor all thy Piety nor Wit Shall lure it back to cancel half a Line, Nor all thy Tears wash out a Word of it." ― Omar Khayyám tag
ellauri243.html on line 714: Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, KG, PC, DL, JP, FRS, SOB (21 December 1804 – 19 April 1881) was a British statesman and Conservative politician who twice served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He played a central role in the creation of the modern Conservative Party, defining its policies and its broad outreach. He is the only British prime minister to have been of Jewish origin.
ellauri243.html on line 719: Disraeli was born in Bloomsbury, then a part of Middlesex. His father left Judaism after a dispute at his synagogue; Benjamin became an Anglican at the age of 12.
ellauri243.html on line 721: Disraeli´s second term was dominated by the Easter Question—the slow decay of the Ottoman Empire and the desire of other European powers, such as Britain but also Russia, to gain at its expense.
ellauri243.html on line 732: Endymion is Disraeli in his youth except in the story he is a true-blood British aristocrat. Zenobia, a queen of fashion, is based on his Lady Blessington with a combination of some other great lady. She was Benjamin Disraeli´s first great patroness, who opened the avenue of his wonderful career. Zenobia later retires to the background to give place to Lady Montfort. She is a combination of Lady Blessington and Mrs. Wyndham Lewis (the latter Disraeli married) so we have in Lady Montfort at once the patroness and the wife. It would be interesting to know if the rabbis got to cut Benjy´s prepuce before the falling-out with the synagogue? Maybe that is what the fight was all about?
ellauri243.html on line 734: St Barbe, the journalist in " Endymion " is an intended caricature of Thackeray, and Gushy is Dickens. Vigo, a minor character of the novel, is a combination of Poole, the tailor, and George Hudson, the Sunderland railway king, as he was styled in his time. Prince Florestan is probably a sketch of Louis Napoleon in his early days in England. He is constantly presented as a child of destiny wailing for the European revolution of ´48 to give him back his throne.
ellauri243.html on line 762: 2. The other James Thomson, in full James Alexander Thomson, (born Dec. 20, 1958, Chicago, Ill., U.S.), is an American biologist who was among the first to isolate human embryonic stem cells. Thomson extracted stem cells from human embryos. However, this confronted him with a moral dilemma, as such an extraction is fatal to the embryo. After consulting with several bioethicists at the university, Thomson decided that continued research was ethical as long as the embryos, "created" by couples who "no longer wanted them" in order to "have children", would otherwise be "destroyed anyway." I just love medicinal ethics! Kunnon personismia. Montako neekeriä saa keilata pelastaaxeen yhden valkoisen joka työntää lastenvaunuja.
ellauri244.html on line 180: There were shortcomings in the welfare of pupils. Fights between boys were said to average seventy a week and were regarded by Dr Butler "with a blind eye", comfort for boarders was minimal, and complaints about food were continuous, on one occasion leading to a riot. His initials "S.B." over the gateway to the house he built himself next to the school were said to be a sign for "stale bread, sour beer, salt butter, and stinking beef sold by Samuel Butler". He tried to suppress games at Shrewsbury, considering football (pre-FA) as "only fit for butcher boys" and "more fit for farmboys and labourers than for young gentlemen".
ellauri244.html on line 182: Charles Darwin, who recalled loathing the rote learning, was among his notable pupils, as was Butler's immediate successor as headmaster, Benjamin Hall Kennedy.
ellauri244.html on line 188: Joseph Butler is best known for his criticisms of the hedonic and egoistic “selfish” theories associated with Hobbes and Bernard Mandeville and for his positive arguments that self-love and conscience are not at odds if properly understood (and indeed promote and sanction the same actions). In addition to his importance as a moral philosopher Butler was also an influential Anglican theologian.
ellauri244.html on line 189: Butler was born in 1692 and attended a dissenting academy where he read current philosophy — including up to date logic, and works of John Locke and Samuel Clarke.
ellauri244.html on line 429: Lyndsay Faye is an American author. Her first novel was the Sherlockian pastiche Dust and Shadow: An Account of the Ripper Killings by Dr. John H. Watson and she has been nominated for the Edgar Award for The Gods of Gotham and Jane Steele.
ellauri244.html on line 431: Dentist turned writer, Faye Kellerman is one of the new York time bestselling author. She is well known for the Peter Decker and Rina Lazarus series of mystery novels. Faye Kellerman was born in St. Louis, Missouri on July 31, 1952 in Jewish community. Faye grew up in Sherman Oaks, California.
ellauri244.html on line 433: The world Cassandra Faye created was rich with imagination and detail and the hero was the perfect mix of strength and tenderness. As with all her stories, there were some dark scenes that took me to the edge of my seat, yet the romance balanced the book perfectly. I lost sleep over this book staying up late to read 'just one more chapter'.
ellauri244.html on line 541: Jöns antoi meille lahjaxi Tracy Chapmanin ekan älppärin jossa oli raita Fast Car. " Fast Car " is a song by American singer-songwriter Tracy Chapman. It was released on April 6, 1988, as the lead single from her 1988 self-titled debut studio album. Chapman's appearance on the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute helped the song become a top-ten hit in the United States, reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100. Tracy is 54 years Nelson's junior. Bra jobba, Tracy!
ellauri244.html on line 563: No olipa turhanpöiväistä löpinää. Älkää LÖPISKO! olisi Omppu huutanut. In 2014 the book was reissued as Jonathan Livingston Seagull: The Complete Edition, which added a 17-page fourth part to the story. Bach reported that he was inspired to finish the fourth part of the novella by a near-death experience which had occurred in relation to a near-fatal plane crash in August 2012. What a pity.
ellauri244.html on line 567: Part Four focuses on the period several hundred years after Jonathan and his students have left the Flock and their teachings become venerated rather than practiced. The birds spend all their time extolling the virtues of Jonathan and his students and spend no time flying for flying's sake. The seagulls practice strange rituals and use demonstrations of their respect for Jonathan and his students as status symbols. Eventually some birds reject the ceremony and rituals and just start flying. Eventually one bird named Anthony Gull questions the value of living since "...life is pointless and since pointless is by definition meaningless then the only proper act is to dive into the ocean and drown. Better not to exist at all than to exist like a seaweed, without meaning or joy [...] He had to die sooner or later anyway, and he saw no reason to prolong the painful boredom of living." As Anthony makes a dive-bomb to the sea, at a speed and from an altitude which would kill him, a white blur flashes alongside him. Anthony catches up to the blur, which turns out to be a seagull, and asks what the bird was doing:
ellauri244.html on line 571: "No! No, that's not it." Anthony was awake and alive for the first time in his life, inspired. "What was that?"
ellauri244.html on line 591: One of the first acknowledgments of Henry Miller as a major modern writer was by George Orwell in his 1940 essay "Inside the Whale", where he wrote:
ellauri244.html on line 596: Miller was widely critical of consumerism in America, mutta siihen nähden availi aivan vitusti karvaisia tonttuovia, keräsi ostoskoriin yhä nuorempia vaimoja.
ellauri244.html on line 602: Miller married his first wife, Beatrice Sylvas Wickens, in 1917, at 26; their divorce was granted on December 21, 1923, due to the 7-year itch. Together they had a daughter, Barbara, born in 1919.
ellauri244.html on line 603: Unclear which of them was the junior. According to Who dated who, Beatrice Sylvas Wickens and Henry Miller are divorced after a marriage of 105 years. According to our records, Beatrice Sylvas Wickens is possibly single.
ellauri244.html on line 605: In 1923, while he was still married to Beatrice, Miller met and became enamored of a mysterious dance-hall ingénue who was born Juliet Edith Smerth but went by the stage-name June Mansfield. She was 21 at the time, 11 years his junior. They began an affair, and were married on June 1, 1924.
ellauri244.html on line 607: A nasty setback was June's close relationship with the artist Marion, whom June had renamed Jean Ronski. Ronski lived with Miller and June from 1926 until 1927, when June and Ronski went to Paris together, leaving Miller behind, which upset him greatly. Miller suspected the pair of having a lesbian relationship. While in Paris, June and Ronski did not get along, and June returned to Miller several months later. Yxin jäänyt Ronski teki Sirolat Pariisissa around 1930. Vähän päästä Henry lähti ize yxin Pariisiin.
ellauri244.html on line 613: In 1944, Miller met and married his third wife, Janina Martha Lepska, a philosophy student who was 30 years his junior. They had two children: a son, Tony, and a daughter, Valentine. They divorced in 1952.
ellauri244.html on line 615: The following year, he married artist Eve McClure, who was 37 years his junior. They divorced in 1960, and she died in 1966, likely as a result of alcoholism. In 1961, Miller arranged a reunion in New York with his ex-wife June. They had not seen each other in nearly three decades. In a letter to Eve, he described his shock at June's "terrible" appearance, as she had by then degenerated both physically and mentally. Not him! Though he was 11 years her senior!
ellauri244.html on line 618: 46 years his junior. They divorced 1977, when he was 86 and she 40. Maybe Hoki's biological alarm clock went.
ellauri244.html on line 620: After his move to Ocampo Drive, he held dinner parties for the artistic and literary figures of the time. His cook and "caretaker" was a young artist's model named Twinka Thiebaud, 54 years his junior, who later wrote a book about his evening "chats." In relation to reaching 80 years of age, Miller explains:
ellauri244.html on line 624: During the last four years of his life, Miller held an ongoing correspondence of over 1,500 letters with Brenda Venus, a young Playboy model and columnist, actress and private dancer. A book about their correspondence was published in 1986. She was 56 years his junior.
ellauri245.html on line 153: Then I sat down and wrote The Leopard. It was my longest and most labor-intensive book so far. I did research in the Congo and Hong Kong, studied torture weapons and interviewed avalanche experts, scuba divers and rock climbers. And it was also my most brutal book.
ellauri245.html on line 155: I received something in Sweden’s Svenska Dagbladet that I don’t think I ever had before: an unqualified trouncing by a reviewer who felt that the book sensationalized violence. The review seemed so emotionally charged that I could only conclude that The Leopard not only wasn’t everyone’s cup of tea, but a brew that really stuck in some readers’ craws, a book whose brutality and scenes of violence could truly alienate readers.
ellauri245.html on line 159: And another question started coming up: How do you come up with these things? Meaning: What kind of sick, perverted mind could come up with such ideas? I tried to look within myself, to ask if the violence in the book was really appropriately calibrated for the purpose: to say something about the character behind it (dvs mig). Or if I had let myself be lured into sensationalism, effects for the sake of effects and a callous fascination with suffering. Had I created a Norvegian Psycho, just such a book, one that had become a sort of guilty pleasure for closet sadists?
ellauri245.html on line 163: If there was any comfort, it was that The Leopard was selected as the year’s best crime novel by the Danish Academy of Crime Writers, topped the bestseller lists in Norway, Finland and Denmark, and for the first time Harry Hole made it onto Der Spiegel’s bestseller list in Germany, where it reached as high as No. 3. The gold and silver medalists shed full 80 liters more gore than I. Got to sharpen up.
ellauri245.html on line 170: In November 2011, Miller posted remarks pertaining to the Occupy Wall Street movement on his blog, calling it "nothing but a pack of louts, thieves, and rapists, fed by Woodstock-era nostalgia and putrid false righteousness." He said of the movement, "Wake up, pond scum. America is at war against a ruthless enemy. Maybe, between bouts of self-pity and all the other tasty tidbits of narcissism you´ve been served up in your sheltered, comfy little worlds, you´ve heard terms like al-Qaeda and Islamicism." Miller´s statement generated controversy. In a 2018 interview, Miller backed away from his comments saying that he "wasn´t thinking clearly" when he made them and alluded to a very dark time in his life during which they were made.
ellauri245.html on line 261: First devised and created in the Belgian Congo by King Leopold, son of Queen Victoria. A smooth metallic ball, slightly smaller than a tennis ball in circumference with tiny apertures along its contours. Made of gold, GAL-TAN, and steel, the ball is a minor feat of engineering. An additional small opening reveals a looped wire. The ball is placed in the victim´s mouth. When the wire is pulled, 24 tiny termite monkey antennae jut out from the ball, causing it to lodge itself in the mouth. At this point, though not overly painful, the victim cannot remove the ball, nor can another extract it for them. With a second pull of the wire, 24 needles erupt outwards from the extended antennae in 24 directions, causing severe damage to throat, cheek, tongue, palate, nasal cavity, etc....the victim will usually bleed out slowly in excruciating pain. How was this used for torture? It usually involved 2 victims. One who who was forced to swallow the ball, and the second who was forced to watch the effects. That second person would usually begin talking quickly about other things. Naah, too sophisticated. A waste on the Congolese niggahs. Cutting hands and feet worked just as well.
ellauri245.html on line 267: Leopold´s Apple is actually a brand of whiskey. But The pear of anguish, also known as choke pear or mouth pear, is a torture device based on mechanisms of unknown use from the early modern period. The mechanism consists of a pear-shaped metal body divided into spoon-like segments that can be spread apart with a spring or by turning a key. Its proposed functionality as a torture device is to be variously inserted into the mouth, rectum, or vagina, and then expanded to gag or mutilate the victim. There is no contemporary evidence of such a torture device existing in the medieval era, and ultimately the utility of genuine apples and pears stuck in any hole at all remains unknown. Except that an apple forced in his mouth as a kid by his chum Anders B. got Jo Nesbø going as a pulp writer. Iron Maiden was a vagina dentata style box with nails inside.
ellauri245.html on line 313: One year ago, a heavily armed man dressed as a police officer appeared on the beach of a youth summer camp in Norway. The kids had no way of knowing he was targeting them for the ills of Europe. Then he started shooting. And shooting. Where were the real cops? By the end of the day, seventy-seven people had been killed, the deadliest attack in that country since World War II. As told by the survivors, these are the beat-by-beat horrors of those terrifying 198 minutes. the Utoya Massacre On July 22, 2011. Lue ja kauhistu, tää on hurja jännäri!
ellauri245.html on line 347: Aha! The title "Bury me standing" comes from a proverb which describes the plight of the Gypsies: "Bury me standing. I´ve been on my knees all my life." But that was just a joke! Ei Charlie Chapliniakaan kuopattu pystyasennosssa.
ellauri245.html on line 492: Typerää huuhaata USA:n MILNET:istä ja troijalaisista hevosista, silkkaa salaliittosälää. Mikä on POT? The Norwegian Police Security Service (Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste (PST), Politiets tryggingsteneste (PTT)) is the police security agency of Norway. The agency was previously known as POT (Politiets overvåkningstjeneste or Police Surveillance Agency), the name change was decided by the Parliament of Norway on 2 June 2001. Täh eikö piipunrassi tiennyt että nimi oli vaihtunut? Potin perusti Tryggve Lie.
ellauri245.html on line 520: Siis onko tän kaverin nimi norjaxi Harry Hå? Eipäs olekaan? vaan: The name is derived from Old Norse Hólar, the plural form of hóll, meaning "round and isolated hill." Harry´s surname is also the name of a historic Norwegian town (Hole, Norway) with a heritage that goes back to the Viking Age. Eipäs, vaan: On July 22, 2011, the Workers´ Youth League summer camp, which took place on Utøya in Hole, was attacked as part of the 2011 Norway attacks.
ellauri245.html on line 530: The Clash achieved critical and commercial success in the United Kingdom with the release of their self-titled debut album, The Clash (1977) and their second album, Give ´Em Enough Rope (1978). Their experimental third album, London Calling, released in the UK in December 1979, earned them popularity in the United States when it was released there the following month. A decade later, Rolling Stone named it the best album of the 1980s. Following continued musical experimentation on their fourth album, Sandinista! (1980), the band reached new heights of success with the release of Combat Rock (1982), which spawned the US top 10 hit "Rock the Casbah", helping the album to achieve a 2× Platinum certification there. A final album, Cut the Crap, was released in 1985 with a new lineup, and a few weeks later, the band broke up.
ellauri245.html on line 594: Among the material monists were the three Milesian philosophers: Thales, who believed that everything was composed of water; Anaximander, who believed it was apeiron; and Anaximenes, who believed it was air. Although their theories were primitive, these philosophers were the first to give an explanation of the physical world without referencing the supernatural; this opened the way for much of modern science (and philosophy), which has the same goal of explaining the world without dependence on the supernatural.
ellauri245.html on line 629: In the 20th century Burundi had three main indigenous ethnic groups: Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa. The area was colonised by the German Empire in the late 1800s and administered as a portion of German East Africa. In Burundi and neighboring Rwanda to the north, the Germans maintained indirect rule, leaving local social structures intact. Under this system, the Tutsi minority generally enjoyed its historically high status as aristocrats, whereas the Hutus occupied the bottom of the social structure. Princely and monarchal rulers belonged to a unique ethnic group, Ganwa, though over time the political salience of this distinction declined and the category was subsumed by the Tutsi grouping. During World War I, Belgian troops from the Belgian Congo occupied Burundi and Rwanda. In 1919, under the auspices of the nascent League of Nations, Belgium was given the "responsibility" of administering "Ruanda-Urundi" as a mandated territory. Though obligated to promote social progress in the territory, the Belgians did not alter the local power structures. Following World War II, the United Nations was formed and Ruanda-Urundi became a trust territory under Belgian administration, which required the Belgians to politically "edducate the locals and make them really fit", to prepare them for independence.
ellauri245.html on line 648: Maumau was an earlier, similar guerrilla movement in Kenya 1952-1960. Author Wangari Maathai writes that many of the organizers were ex-soldiers who fought for the British in Ceylon, Somalia, and Burma during the Second World War. When they returned to Kenya, they were never paid and did not receive recognition for their service, whereas their British counterparts were awarded medals and received land, sometimes from the Kenyan veterans.
ellauri245.html on line 650: Suppressing the Mau Mau Uprising in the Kenyan colony cost Britain £55 million and caused at least 11,000 deaths, luckily mainly among the Mau Mau and other tarfaced forces, with some estimates considerably higher. This included 1,090 executions by hanging. The rebellion was marked by war crimes and massacres committed by both sides. The Mau Mau command, contrary to the Home Guard who were stigmatised as "the running dogs of British Imperialism", were relatively well educated.
ellauri245.html on line 652: General Gatunga had previously been a respected and well-read Christian teacher in his local Kikuyu community. He was known to meticulously record his attacks in a series of five notebooks, which when executed were often swift and strategic, targeting loyalist community leaders he had previously known as a teacher.
ellauri245.html on line 654: The Mau Mau military strategy was mainly guerrilla attacks launched under the cover of darkness. They used stolen weapons such as guns, as well as weapons such as machetes and bows and arrows in their attacks. They maimed cattle and, in one case, poisoned a herd.
ellauri245.html on line 658: The British and international view was that Mau Mau was a savage, violent, and depraved tribal cult, an expression of unrestrained emotion rather than reason. Mau Mau was "perverted tribalism" that sought to take the Kikuyu people back to "the bad old days" before British rule. What motherfuckers!
ellauri245.html on line 664: The Congo became independent from Belgium on June 30, 1960. Norway had begun humanitarian aid to the Congo since at least 1963. In 1963, Norway was one of only six nations that Congo approached with a request for military aid, asking for help to build a navy. Norway declined the request, citing a shortage of the training expertise Congo was looking for.
ellauri245.html on line 666: Norway gave the Congo NOK 40 million (US $15.7 million) in 2003. Vidar Helgesen, the Norwegian Secretary of State said: "In spite of some hopeful signs in the peace process and the establishment of a transitional government in the capital, Kinshasa, the humanitarian situation in the eastern part of the country is precarious." In 2004, all previous debt was forgiven. In 2007, the Secretaries General of the five largest Norwegian humanitarian organizations visited the Congo to access the crisis. In 2008, an additional NOK 15 million were supplied.
ellauri245.html on line 671: Jonas Gahr Støre, Norway´s Foreign Minister said: "I strongly react to the death sentence of two Norwegians ... Norway is a principled opponent of the death penalty and I will contact the DRC's foreign minister to gabble about this." According to Bloomberg.com "Norway also objected to the espionage conviction and the inclusion of the country in the fine, Stoere [sic] said. 'Norway isn't a part of this case.'" Sick. It is more than obvious that she was.
ellauri245.html on line 737: The Duchess of Sussex has prompted anger over her "mocking" demonstration of a curtsy to Elizabeth II. Royal author Gyles Brandreth, a friend of the royals, told TalkTV: "It's embarrassing, because it is mocking - and nobody curtsies to the Queen like that, and nobody would have advised her to do it that way." He added of Harry: "He would know that the bow, as it were, is a brief nod and the curtsy is to show respect for the sovereign, and in the case of the Queen - a lady in her 90s who actually had earned respect through a lifetime of service, and that was it. To do this sort of mocking thing is uncomfortable, but it is a cultural difference. It's like you would do a curtsy if you were playing in Snow White." Harry näyttää hitaalta neandertaliraukalta jonka ympärillä cromagnon-apina tekee piruetteja.
ellauri246.html on line 89: Bo Johannes Edfelt (21 December 1904 - 27 August 1997) was a Swedish writer, poet, translator and literary critic. A native of Tibro, Edfelt was elected to be a member of the Swedish Academy in 1969, occupying seat No. 17. He succeeded Erik Lindegren and, following his death, was succeeded by - who else but Horace Engdahl! A-HA! Aha jaha! Jaså på det lilla viset! Nu klarnar det!
ellauri246.html on line 91: At first this poem seems very pastoral, but it was written in the summer of either 1940 or 1941. Sweden was not at war, but had seen Denmark and Norway occupied by Nazi Germany and Finland defeated by the Soviet Union. Ekelöf was firmly opposed to the totalitarian regimes, so see this poem as finding a moment of peace, pineapple and bananas in a time of other people's crisis.
ellauri246.html on line 255: The wasting famine of the heart they fed, Niillä pitivät yllä vanhoja kaunoja,
ellauri246.html on line 258: Anathema maranatha! was the cry Anateema marakateille! huusi P. Peeveli
ellauri246.html on line 287: ‘It was a pogrom’: Be’eri survivors on the horrific attack by Hamas terrorists. Bagged bodies of Hamas militants lying everywhere cluttering the place.
ellauri246.html on line 315: And then - their land was filled, Ja sitten - maat täytettiin,
ellauri246.html on line 972: It is the details that delight. Donne hated milk. Mortally sick, about to celebrate his death by sitting for his portrait in a shroud, he was urged by his doctor that ‘by Cordials, and drinking milk twenty days together, there was a probability of his restoration to health’. Donne would have none of it. The doctor (a Dr Fox, son of the author of the ‘Boke of Martyrs’) insisted that his patient should at least try. Donne thereupon drank milk – but for ten days only. Then he told Dr Fox that he would not drink the stuff for another ten days even ‘upon the best moral assurance of having twenty years added to his life’.
ellauri246.html on line 974: John Stubbs repeats this anecdote from Isaac Walton’s Life of Dr John Donne (1640), which remains a readable piece of work for all its faults. Walton was somewhat cavalier in matters of chronology, jumbling or telescoping events to suit his sense of emotional rightness. Tämä kasku löytyy myös Tauno Körilään Suuresta kaskukirjasta. Kaskuissa on aika lailla toistoa, koska Taunolla ei ollut käytössään tietotekniikkaa. No niin on näissä paasauxissakin, vaikka on.
ellauri247.html on line 85: It was forbidden to mention or talk about the name of Baiame publicly. Women were not allowed to see drawings of dicks and church boats by Baiame nor approach Baiame sites, which are often male initiation sites (boras).
ellauri247.html on line 87: The missionary William Ridley adopted the name of Baiame for the Christian God when translating into Gamilaraay (the language of the Kamilaroi). It is sometimes suggested that Baiame was a construct of early Christian missionaries, but K Langloh Parker dated belief in Baiame to (at latest) 1830, prior to missionary activity in the region.
ellauri247.html on line 89: Catherine Eliza Somerville Stow (1 May 1856 – 27 March 1940), who wrote as K. Langloh Parker, was a South Australian born writer who lived in northern New South Wales in the late nineteenth century. She is best known for recording the stories of the Ualarai around her. Her testimony is one of the best accounts of the beliefs and stories of an Aboriginal people in north-west New South Wales at that time. However, her accounts reflect European attitudes of the time. Anyways, she was not around before Ridley. William Ridley (14 September 1819 – 26 September 1878) was an English Presbyterian missionary who studied Australian Aboriginal languages, particularly Gamilaraay, before Catherine was more than a twinkle in her daddy's eye. Baiame may have been some abo hero before Bill's arrival, but the details about his doings could still be coloured by the Middle Eastern tentmen's literary treasure brought in by Bill.
ellauri247.html on line 93: Narahdarn, the bat, wanted honey. He watched until he saw a Wurranunnah, or, bee alight. He caught it, stuck a white feather between its hind legs, let it go and followed it. He knew he could see the white feather, and so follow the bee to its nest. He ordered his two wives, of the Bilber tribe, to follow him with wirrees to carry home the honey in. Night came on and Wurranunnah the bee had not reached home. Narahdarn caught him, imprisoned him under bark, and kept him safely there until next morning. When it was light enough to see, Narahdarn let the bee go again, and followed him to his nest, in a gunnyanny tree.
ellauri247.html on line 95: Marking the tree with his combo (stone tomahawk) that he might know it again, he returned to hurry on his wives who were some way behind. He wanted them to come on, climb the tree, and chop out the honey. When they reached the marked tree one of the women climbed up. She called out to Narahdarn that the honey was in a split in the tree. He called back to her to put her hand in and get it out. She put her arm in, but found she could not get it out again. Narahdarn climbed up to help her, but found when he reached her that the only way to free her was to cut off her ​arm. This he did before she had time to realise what he was going to do, and protest. So great was the shock to her that she died instantly. Narahdarn carried down her lifeless body and commanded her sister, his other wife, to go up, chop out the arm, and get the honey. She protested, declaring the bees would have taken the honey away by now. "Not so," he said; "go at once."
ellauri247.html on line 97: Every excuse she could think of, to save herself, she made. But her excuses were in vain, and Narahdarn only became furious with her for making them, and, brandishing his boondi, drove her up the tree. She managed to get her arm in beside her sister's, but there it stuck and she could not move it. Narahdarn, who was watching her, saw what had happened and followed her up the tree. Finding he could not pull her arm out, in spite of her cries, he chopped it off, as he had done her sister's. After one shriek, as he drove his combo through her arm, she was silent. He said, "Come down, and I will chop out the bees' nest." But she did not answer him, and he saw that she too was dead. Then he was frightened, and climbed quickly down the gunnyanny tree; taking her body to the ground with him, he laid it beside her sister's, and quickly he hurried from the spot, taking no further thought of the honey. What a piece of shit.
ellauri247.html on line 101: "Ask me not, Bilber. Ask Wurranunnah the bee, he may know. Narahdarn the bat knows nothing." And he wrapt himself in a silence which no questioning could pierce. Leaving him there, before his camp, the mother of the Bilbers returned to her dardurr and told her tribe that her daughters were gone, and Narahdarn, their husband, would tell her nothing of them. But she felt sure he knew their fate, and certain she was that he had some tale to tell, for his arms were covered with blood.
ellauri247.html on line 106: That night was the corrobboree held. The women sat round in a half-circle, and chanted a monotonous chant, keeping time by hitting, some of them, two boomerangs together, and others beating their rolled up opossum rugs.
ellauri247.html on line 108: Big fires were lit on the edge of the scrub, throwing light on the dancers as they came dancing out from their camps, painted in all manner of designs, waywahs round their waists, tufts of feathers in their hair, and carrying in their hands painted wands. Heading the procession as the men filed out from the scrub into a cleared space in front of the women, came Narahdarn. The light of the fires lit up the tree tops, the dark balahs showed out in fantastic shapes, and weird indeed was the scene as slowly the men danced round; louder clicked the boomerangs and louder grew the chanting of the women; higher were the fires piled, until the flames shot their coloured tongues round the ​trunks of the trees and high into the air. One fire was bigger than all, and towards it the dancers edged Narahdarn; then the voice of the mother of the Bilbers shrieked in the chanting, high above that of the other women. As Narahdarn turned from the fire to dance back he found a wall of men confronting him. These quickly seized him and hurled him into the madly-leaping fire before him, where he perished in the flames. And so were the Bilbers avenged. Good work, bare-butt boys, and good riddance for the bad rubbish.
ellauri247.html on line 129: Cape Tribulation was named by British navigator Lieutenant James Cook on 10 June 1770 (log date) after his ship scraped a reef north east of the cape, whilst passing over it, at 6pm. Cook steered away from the coast into deeper water but at 10.30pm the ship ran aground, on what is now named Endeavour Reef. The ship stuck fast and was badly damaged, desperate measures being needed to prevent it foundering until it was refloated the next day. Cook recorded "...the north point [was named] Cape Tribulation because "here begun all our troubles".
ellauri247.html on line 131: James Cook, RN named the river in 1770 after he was forced to beach his ship, HMS Endeavour, for repairs in the river mouth, after damaging it on Endeavour Reef. Joseph Banks named the river the Endeavours River but the form Cook used, Endeavour River, has stuck.
ellauri247.html on line 177: The Tory Samuel Johnson was a critic of her politics: Sir, there is one Mrs. Macaulay in this town, a great republican. One day when I was at her house, I put on a very grave countenance, and said to her, "Madam, I am now become a convert to your way of thinking. I am convinced that all mankind are upon an equal footing; and to give you an unquestionable proof, Madam, that I am in earnest, here is a very sensible, civil, well-behaved fellow-citizen, your footman; I desire that he may be allowed to sit down and dine with us." I thus, Sir, shewed her the absurdity of the levelling doctrine. She has never liked me since. Sir, your levellers wish to level down as far as themselves; but they cannot bear levelling up to themselves. They would all have some people under them; why not then have some people above them?
ellauri247.html on line 179: The increasingly radical nature of her work and her scandalous marriage on 14 November 1778 to William Graham (she was 47, he was 21) damaged her reputation in Britain, where she lived in Bath, and, later, in Binfield, Berkshire. William was the younger brother of the sexologist James Graham, inventor of the Celestial Bed.
ellauri247.html on line 181: After travelling in Holland, Germany and Russia in 1776, Graham set up practice in Bath, Somerset. Advertisements promoting cures using "Effluvia, Vapours and Applications ætherial, magnetic or electric" attracted his first celebrity patient, the historian Catharine Macaulay. She became the subject of scandal in 1778 when she married James Graham’s 21-year-old brother William, who was less than half her age. At the end of 1792, Graham began to experiment with extended fasting to prolong his life. He died at his home in Edinburgh in 1794. Grahamille kävi kuin mustalaisen hevoselle, kuoli juuri kun oli oppimassa paastolle.
ellauri247.html on line 197: In W. M. Thackeray's novel Vanity Fair, Rebecca Sharp and Miss Rose Crawley read Humphry Clinker: "Once, when Mr. Crawley asked what the young people were reading, the governess replied 'Smollett'. 'Oh, Smollett,' said Mr. Crawley, quite satisfied. 'His history is more dull, but by no means so dangerous as that of Mr. Hume. It is history you are reading?' 'Yes,' said Miss Rose; without, however, adding that it was the history of Mr. Humphry Clinker."
ellauri247.html on line 244: Traditionell ist der Schelmenroman eine (fingierte) Autobiographie mit satirischen Zügen, die bestimmte Missstände in der Gesellschaft thematisiert. Sie beginnt oft mit einer Desillusionierung des Helden, der die Schlechtigkeit der Welt erst hier erkennt. Er begibt sich, sei es freiwillig, sei es unfreiwillig, auf Reisen. Die dabei erlebten Abenteuer sind episodenhaft, d. h., sie hängen nicht voneinander ab und können beliebig erweitert werden, was bei Übersetzungen oft der Fall war. Das Ende ist meist eine „Bekehrung“ des Schelms, nach der er zu einem geregelten Leben findet. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit einer Flucht aus der Welt, also aus der Realität.
ellauri247.html on line 261: "The learned Smelfungus travelled from Boulogne to Paris, from Paris to Rome, and so on, but he set out with the spleen and jaundice, and every object he passed by was discoloured or distorted. He wrote an account of them, but 'twas nothing but the account of his miserable feelings. I met Smelfungus in the grand portico of the Pantheon—he was just coming out of it. ''Tis nothing but a huge cockpit,' said he—'I wish you had said nothing worse of the Venus de Medici,' replied I—for in passing through Florence, I had heard he had fallen foul upon the goddess, and used her worse than a common strumpet, without the least provocation in nature. I popp'd upon Smelfungus again at Turin, in his return home, and a sad tale of sorrowful adventures had he to tell, 'wherein he spoke of moving accidents by flood and field, and of the cannibals which each other eat, the Anthropophagi'; he had been flayed alive, and bedevil'd, and used worse than St. Bartholomew, at every stage he had come at. 'I'll tell it,' cried Smelfungus, 'to the world.' 'You had better tell it,' said I, 'to your physician.'" (Sterne)
ellauri247.html on line 263: Smollett was one of the first jacks of all trades to subsist entirely upon the earnings of his own pen. He had no extraneous means of support. He had neither patron, pension, property, nor endowment, inherited or acquired.
ellauri247.html on line 264: His wife was a fine lady, a "Creole" beauty who had a small stash of her own; but, on the other hand, her income was very precarious, and she herself somewhat silly and incapable in the eyes of Smollett's old Scotch friends.
ellauri247.html on line 266: Smollett was very peevish. A sardonic, satirical, and indeed decidedly gloomy mood or temper had become habitual in him. His was certainly a nervous, irritable, and rather censorious temper. He died of tuberculosis.
ellauri247.html on line 268: Like Mr. Brattle, in The Vicar of Bulhampton, he was thinking always of the evil things that had been done to him. With the pawky (scottish: having a mocking or cynical sense of humour) and philosophic Scots of his own day (Robertson, Hume, Adam Smith, and "Jupiter" Carlyle) he had little in common, but with the sour and mistrustful James Mill or the cross and querulous Carlyle of a later date he had, it seems to me, a good deal.
ellauri247.html on line 271: If you chide them for lingering, they will contrive to delay you the longer. If you chastise them with sword, cane, cudgel, or horsewhip, they will either disappear entirely, and leave you without resource, or they will find means to take vengeance by overturning your carriage. The only course remaining would be to allow oneself to become the dupe of imposition by tipping the beggar an amount slightly in excess of the authorized gratification. The disadvantage under which the novelist was continually labouring was that of trying to travel as an English Milord, en grand seigneur, and yet having at every point to do it "on the cheap." He was a genuine Scrooge McDuck without the fake beak. He would rather give away a crown than be cheated of a farthing.
ellauri247.html on line 273: Like Prior, Fielding, Shenstone, and Dickens, Smollett was a connoisseur in inns and innkeepers. He knew good food and he knew good value, and he had a mighty keen eye for a rogue. There may, it is true, have been something in his manner which provoked them to exhibit their worst side to him. What a nasty customer.
ellauri247.html on line 276: Smollett characterized the chambers as cold and comfortless, the beds as "paultry" (with "frowsy," a favourite word), the cookery as execrable, wine poison, attendance bad, publicans insolent, and bills extortion, concluding with the grand climax that there was not a drop of tolerable malt liquor to be had from London to
ellauri247.html on line 284: DROIT D'AUBAINE, jus albinatus. This was a rule by which all the property of a deceased foreigner, whether movable or immovable, was confiscated to the use of the state, to the exclusion of his heirs, whether claiming ab intestato, or under a will of the deceased. The word aubain signifies hospes loci, peregrinus advena, a stranger.
ellauri247.html on line 286: CICISBEO: In 18th- and 19th-century Italy, the cicisbeo (Italian: [tʃitʃiˈzbɛːo]; plural: cicisbei) or cavalier servente (French: chevalier servant) was the man who was the professed gallant or lover of a woman married to someone else. With the knowledge and consent of the husband, the cicisbeo attended his mistress at public entertainments, to church and other occasions, and had privileged access to this woman. The arrangement is comparable to the Spanish cortejo or estrecho and, to a lesser degree, to the French petit-maître.,(petit-maître m (plural petits-maîtres) (archaic) dandy, coxcomb). The exact etymology of the word is unknown; some evidence suggests it originally meant "in a whisper" (perhaps an onomatopeic word). Other accounts suggest it is an inversion of bel cece, which means "beautiful chick (pea)". According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first recorded usage of the term in English was found in a letter by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu dated 1718. The term appears in Italian in Giovanni Maria Muti's Quaresimale Del Padre Maestro Fra Giovanni Maria Muti De Predicatori of 1708 (p. 734).
ellauri247.html on line 288: This arrangement, called the cicisbeatura or cicisbeismo, was widely practised, especially among the nobility of the Italian cities of Genoa, Nice, Venice, Florence and Rome. While many contemporary references to cicisbei and descriptions of their social standing exist, scholars diverge on the exact nature of the phenomenon.Some maintain that this institution was defined by marriage contracts, others question this claim and see it as a peculiarity of 18th-century customs that is not well defined or easily explained. Other scholars see it as a sign of the increasing emancipation of aristocratic women in the 18th century.
ellauri247.html on line 290: The cicisbeo was better tolerated if he was known to be homosexual. Regardless of its roots and technicalities, the custom was firmly entrenched. Typically, husbands tolerated or even welcomed the arrangement: Lord Byron, for example, was cicisbeo to Teresa, Contessa Guiccioli. Attempts by the husband to ward off prospective cicisbei or disapproval of the practice in general was likely to be met with ridicule and scorn.
ellauri247.html on line 297: "If a Frenchman is admitted into your family, and distinguished by repeated marks of your friendship and regard, the first return he makes for your civilities is to make love to your wife, if she is handsome; if not, to your sister, or daughter, or niece. If he suffers a repulse from your wife, or attempts in vain to debauch your sister, or your daughter, or your niece, he will, rather than not play the traitor with his gallantry, make his addresses to your grandmother; and ten to one but in one shape or another he will find means to ruin the peace of a family in which he has been so kindly entertained. What he cannot accomplish by dint of compliment and personal attendance, he will endeavour to effect by reinforcing these with billets-doux, songs, and verses, of which he always makes a provision for such purposes. If he is detected in these efforts of treachery, and reproached with his ingratitude, he impudently declares that what he had done was no more than simple gallantry, considered in France as an indispensable duty on every man who pretended to good breeding. Nay, he will even affirm that his endeavours to corrupt your wife, or deflower your daughter, were the most genuine proofs he could give of his particular regard for your family.
ellauri247.html on line 299: "If there were five hundred dishes at table, a Frenchman will eat of all of them, and then complain he has no appetite—this I have several times remarked. A friend of mine gained a considerable wager upon an experiment of this kind; the petit-maitre ate of fourteen different plates, besides the dessert, then disparaged the cook, declaring he was no better than a marmiton, or turnspit."
ellauri247.html on line 308: Samuel Johnson (18 September 1709  – 13 December 1784), often wrongly called Dr Johnson, was an English writer who made lasting contributions as a poet, playwright, essayist, moralist, critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer. He was a devout Anglican, and a committed Tory. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography calls him "arguably the man using most four letter words in English history".
ellauri247.html on line 312:
ellauri247.html on line 314: Johnson was 180 cm (5 feet 11 inches) tall when the average height of an Englishman was 165 cm (5 feet 5 inches). Tall and robust, he displayed gestures and tics that disconcerted some on meeting him. He had Tourettes syndrome, in fact.
ellauri247.html on line 316: His mother was 40 when she gave birth to Sam in the family home above his father's bookshop in Lichfield, Staffordshire. This was considered an unusually late pregnancy, so precautions were taken, and a man-midwife and surgeon of "great reputation" named George Hector was brought in to assist. The infant Johnson did not cry, and there were concerns for his health. His aunt exclaimed that "she would not have picked such a poor creature up in the street". Sillä oli pentuna risatauti (scrofula).
ellauri247.html on line 323: <William Hogarth (10. marraskuuta 1697 Lontoo – 26. lokakuuta 1764 Lontoo) oli englantilainen taidemaalari ja graafikko, joka tunnetaan erityisesti suurta suosiota saavuttaneista kuvasarjoistaan. Hogarth oli erittäin taitava ja tarkka piirtäjä ja suosi runsaita yksityiskohtia ja groteskeja sävyjä. Hänen tyylinsä oli kova ja realistinen. Hogarth kuvasi kuparipiirrossarjoissaan aikaansa ja ihmishahmoja moralisoiden ja ivaten. Hogarth teki vuosina 1731–1732 ensimmäisen moralistisen piirrossarjansa ’Ilotytön tarina’. Hogarth oli äärimmäisen kansallismielinen eikä koskaan myöntänyt saaneensa vaikutteita ulkomaisilta taiteilijoilta vaikka oli käynyt kahdesti Pariisissa ja tuonut sieltä tuomisixi hyppykupan. Hogarth was born in London to a lower-middle-class family. Hogarth's works are mostly satirical caricatures, sometimes bawdily sexual. Kuvissa se on ilkimyxen näköinen. Sen suurin kyseenalainen ansio oli copyrightin laillistaminen. Stanley Kubrick based the cinematography of his 1975 period drama film, Barry Lyndon, on several Hogarth paintings. Muistan että se oli pitkäpiimäinen, en kyllä muista siitä muuta, koska se oli mun ja Seijan eka yhteinen elokuvaretki. Kubrick on kaiken kaikkiaan aika joutavanpäiväinen.
ellauri247.html on line 326: According to Boswell "Sam commonly held his head to one side ... moving his body backwards and forwards, and rubbing his left knee in the same direction, with the palm of his hand ... He made various sounds" like "a half whistle" or "as if clucking like a hen", and "... all this accompanied sometimes with a thoughtful look, but more frequently with a smile. Generally when he had concluded a period, in the course of a dispute, by which time he was a good deal exhausted by violence and vociferation, he used to blow out his breath like a whale."
ellauri247.html on line 327: Sam was an Oxford dropout because he was too poor to pay his way. He eventually did receive a degree for free: just before the publication of his Dictionary in 1755, the University of Oxford awarded Johnson the degree of Master of Arts. He was awarded an honorary doctorate in 1765 by Trinity College Dublin and in 1775 by the University of Oxford. Pelkkiä säälipisteitä.
ellauri247.html on line 329: Johnson found employment as undermaster at a school in Market Bosworth, run by Sir Wolstan Dixie, who allowed Johnson to teach without a degree. Johnson was treated as a servant and considered teaching boring, but nonetheless found pleasure in whacking little lads. After an argument with Dixie he left the school, and by June 1732 he had returned home.
ellauri247.html on line 331: Johnson remained with his close friend Harry Porter during a terminal illness, which ended in Porter's death on 3 September 1734. Porter's wife Elizabeth (née Jervis) (otherwise known as "Tetty") was now a widow at the age of 45, with three children. Some months later, Johnson began to court her. William Shaw, a friend and biographer of Johnson, claims that "the first advances probably proceeded from her, as her attachment to Johnson was in opposition to the advice and desire of all her relations," Johnson was inexperienced in such relationships, but the well-to-do widow encouraged him and promised to provide for him with her substantial savings.
ellauri247.html on line 333: I bet my bottom penny that Sam was at least a part-time faggot. The red cheeked Boswell more than probably blew smoke rings between his legs.
ellauri247.html on line 335: Johnson had applied for the position of headmaster at Solihull School. Although Johnson's friend Gilbert Walmisley gave his support, Johnson was passed over because the school's directors thought he was "a very haughty, ill-natured gent, and that he has such a way of distorting his face (which though he can't help) the gents think it may affect some lads".
ellauri247.html on line 337: With the widow's money, Johnson opened Edial Hall School as a private academy at Edial, near Lichfield. He had only three pupils: Lawrence Offley, George Garrick, and the 18-year-old David Garrick, who later became one of the most famous actors of his day. The venture was unsuccessful and cost Tetty a substantial portion of her fortune. Instead of trying to keep the failing school going, Johnson began to write his first major work, the historical tragedy Irene. Biographer Robert DeMaria believed that Tourette syndrome likely made public occupations like schoolmaster or tutor almost impossible for Johnson. This may have led Johnson to "the invisible occupation of authorship".
ellauri247.html on line 339: In August, Johnson's lack of an MA degree from Oxford or Cambridge led to his being denied a position as master of the Appleby Grammar School. In an effort to end such rejections, the 4-ft Pope asked Lord Gower to use his influence to have a degree awarded to Johnson. Gower petitioned Oxford for an honorary degree to be awarded to Johnson, but was told that it was "too much to be asked". Gower then asked a friend of Jonathan Swift to plead with Swift to use his influence at the University of Dublin to have a master's degree awarded to Johnson, in the hope that this could then be used to justify an MA from Oxford, but Swift refused to act on Johnson's behalf.
ellauri247.html on line 347: Americans had no more right to govern themselves than the Cornish, and "How is it that we hear the loudest yelps for liberty among the drivers of negroes?" The French and Indian War was a conflict between "two robbers" of Native American lands, and that neither deserved to live there.
ellauri247.html on line 379: Although Byrom père is clearly the author of the epigram, the last two lines have also been attributed to fat Jonathan Swift and tiny Alexander Pope. While the familiar form of the rhyme was not printed until around 1805, when it appeared in Original Ditties for the Nursery, it is possible that Byrom was drawing on an existing rhyme.
ellauri247.html on line 393: Tweedledee and Tweedledum is also the name of the double star system Φ 332 (Finsen 332) in the tail section of the constellation Serpens (Serpens Cauda, vällykäärmeen hännän pyrstötähdistö). It was thus named by some South African astronomer.
ellauri247.html on line 417: Lady Mary Montagu (1689-1762), court beauty, wife of the British Ambassador to Istanbul and prolific letter-writer, was the first major female travel writer of her time. She was a correspondent with Alexander Pope, knew and was disliked by Horace Walpole, and introduced the Turkish, then Ottoman, method of inoculation to Britain.
ellauri247.html on line 419: Called the “Queen of the Blues”, Elizabeth Montagu led and hosted the Blue Stockings Society of England from about 1750. It was a loose organization of privileged women with an interest in education, but it waned in popularity at the end of the 18th century. It gathered to discuss literature, and also invited educated men to participate. Talk of politics was prohibited; literature and the arts were the main subjects. Many of the bluestocking women supported each other in intellectual endeavors such as reading, art work, and writing. Many also published literature. Dr. Johnson once wrote about Montagu, that “She diffuses more knowledge than any woman I know, or indeed, almost any man. Conversing with her, you may find variety in one“.
ellauri247.html on line 423: Linda Marshall - Not entirely true; Pope was smitten with LMWM but she rejected his advances (in fact she laughed at him because he was a cripple). After that he became a bitter enemies and both Pope and Lady Mary wrote vicious satirical poems about each other! But I´m a huge admirer of Pope´s work and as usual it´s superbly written. Although he never married, he had many female friends to whom he wrote witty letters, including Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. It has been alleged that his lifelong friend Martha Blount was his lover. His friend William Cheselden said, according to Joseph Spence, "I could give a more particular account of Mr. Pope's health than perhaps any man. Cibber's slander (of carnosity, abrmal fleshy protrusion growing on any part of the body) is false. He had been gay, but left that way of life upon his acquaintance with Mrs. B."
ellauri247.html on line 439: To yield to a lady was hard. ämmille on nuijaa hävitä.
ellauri247.html on line 450: ´Twas a woman at first Nainen ensimmäisenä
ellauri247.html on line 451: (Indeed she was curst) (kirottua, perhana)
ellauri248.html on line 83: Matt rated it shit: If I could, I'd probably rate this at 1.5 stars-- it ultimately pissed me off, and annoyed me throughout, but it was good enough to keep me reading and I suppose that should count for something. Maybe my opinion has been influenced by reading Stieg Larsson's masterful THE GIRL WITH THE DRAGON TATTOO FOR BOYS immediately prior to this one. That book wasn't perfect, but it had characters you rooted for, didn't wallow too much in pop culture references, and most importantly IT SOLVED THE FRIGGING MYSTERY.
ellauri248.html on line 85: Let's go through a few of these points. First, I don't think I've ever read a mystery novel with a less likable main character/narrator. Rob (Adam) Ryan is an asshole, plain and simple. Sure, he's been warped by his childhood and circumstances, but he does just about every annoying thing you could possibly imagine-- he constantly navel-gazes and feels self pity, he sleeps with then immediately plays the stereotypical male "I don't want anything to do with you now" role with his female partner (the person we were told was his best friend, and whom he would never ever sleep with), he acts like an idiot over the 17 year old villain/ temptress/ psychopath/ whatever betraying his partner, and by the end of the book he is worse off than ever. I know that lots of detectives (esp. in hard-boild stories) are unlikable, and have many personal issues, but this guy just took the cake. I wanted to take a baseball bat to his head [hear, hear!]. To make matters worse, French throws in this little gem towards the end of the novel:
ellauri248.html on line 87: "I am intensely aware, by the way, that this story does not show me in a particularly flattering light. I am aware that, within an impressively short time of meeting me, Rosalind had me coming to heel like a well-trained dog: running up and down stairs to bring her coffee, nodding along while she bitched about my partner, imagining like some starstruck teenager that she was a kindred soul. But before you decide to despise me too thoroughly, consider this: she fooled you, too. You had as good a chance as I did. I told you everything I saw, as I saw it at the time. And if that was in itself deceptive, remember, I told you that, too: I warned you, right from the beginning, that I lie." As if that excused anything... and NO, she didn't "fool" me, because YOU'RE the narrator and YOU'RE the one telling the story. This paragraph probably ticked me off more than anything else in the book.
ellauri248.html on line 91: The last part is a bit more controversial I suppose. There are two central mysteries in this book-- the first, what happened to Katy, DOES get solved in the course of the novel (the "big break" in the case is our hero realizing suddenly that the murder probably took place in a shed about 20 feet from where the body was found! Really?? No one bothered to think of that for a month?), but the deeper mystery about what happened to Rob/Adam and his friends is never resolved. Your mileage may vary about how annoying that is. Truth be told, it didn't annoy me as much as the fact that the true "villain" of the modern mystery walks without being punished in any way. How incredibly unsatisfying.
ellauri248.html on line 96: I know this was a first novel, so hopefully things will improve for her second book. I know, also, that this book won a major award and that lots of people seem to love it to death, so maybe I don't know what I'm talking about. [mystery, whodunit]
ellauri248.html on line 108: Rob: Yeah, Cassie was like that. She was always finding connections to things and blah blah blah. She made a great partner because hey remember that time 20 years ago when my friends and I were in the woods and blah blah blah I want to tell you about all the people I work with and give you a brief description of each one of them and also explain in detail how my boss is and blah blah blah. My mind is trying to remember what happened 20 years ago and you know Cassie and I are great partners and we're best friends and people think we're dating but blah blah blah. Hey, time flies, man. Did I tell you what happened to me as a child? Did I remind you about Katy? Also, her family sure is weird. The people at the dig site are weird. Everyone is a suspect blah blah blah. Let me pause here to tell you how I deal with my roommate and also O'Kelly and my childhood and my current job and Katy and her weird family and interrogation and coffee and vodka and this dream I had and looking for clues and in the woods and we keep hitting dead ends and and and and and blahhhhhhhhhhhh.
ellauri248.html on line 120: Elle rated it shit: am going to try to explain this as spoiler-free [and what spoilers exist are noted] as possible: the ending of this book is maybe one of the most unsatisfying things I have ever read in my whole life. I am not kidding when I say it was such total trash that it ruined the whole book for me.
ellauri248.html on line 125: And the worst part? The mystery from twenty years ago that causes this entire fucking BOOK and that was way more interesting than the normal mystery? Literally no fucking resolution. Who did it? How did they do it? What is up with that hair clip in the forest and the blood inside Rob’s shoes? NO ONE FUCKING KNOWS. I’m sure this is framed in the minds of many readers as some kind of deeper meaning about memory. You know what I thought, honestly? Tana French wrote herself into a corner with a fucking ridiculous case and then ran out of time on her deadline and decided to leave it open. [krimi, whodunit]
ellauri248.html on line 127: Emily May rated it amazing: Needless to say, I was completely expecting something a bit dark and twisted, a creepy psychological murder mystery with an outcome I never would have seen coming. And I got that. But I never expected this book to leave me feeling so... sad. And you know why? Because I cared. Ms French carefully builds up a complex personality for each of her characters, complete with a past, a sense of humour and some serious issues to go with it all, and you can't help but care what happens to the detectives even more than you care what happens with the case.
ellauri248.html on line 131: And I was honestly on the verge of tears after reading the ending and then reading friends' reviews of the second book in this series and discovering that we never get to hear more from Rob. [noir romance]
ellauri248.html on line 179: Durch die Bekanntschaft mit dem Theologiestudenten und Pfarrerssohn Theodor Althaus, der ihr Liebhaber wurde, löste sich Malwida in den folgenden Jahren von ihrer konservativen Prägung und wurde Vertreterin aufklärerischen Gedankenguts. Insbesondere sollte sie sich zeitlebens mit dem Christentum auseinandersetzen; in den 1840er Jahren befasste sie sich mit der Philosophie Hegels und der materialistischen Junghegelianer. Sie trat energisch für Frauenemanzipation ein und kam so mit sozialistischen Kreisen in Verbindung. Schließlich unterstützte sie die Märzrevolution von 1848, was sie endgültig in Widerspruch zu ihrer eher reaktionären Familie brachte. Mit Hilfe einiger Freunde gelang es ihr auch, als Zuschauerin am Vorparlament in der Frankfurter Paulskirche teilzunehmen.
ellauri248.html on line 242: Daniel in the lions' den (chapter 6 of the Book of Daniel) tells of how the biblical Daniel is saved from lions by the God of Israel "because I was found tasteless before them" (Daniel 6:22). It parallels and complements chapter 3, the story of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego: each begins with the jealousy of non-Jews towards successful Jews and an imperial edict requiring them to compromise their religion, and concludes with divine deliverance and a king who confesses the greatness of the God of the Jews and issues an edict of royal protection to the smug hookynoses. The tales making up chapters 1–6 of Daniel date no earlier than the Hellenistic period (3rd to 2nd century BC) and were probably originally independent, but were collected in the mid-2nd century BC and expanded shortly afterwards with the visions of the later chapters to produce the modern book.
ellauri248.html on line 244: In Daniel 6, Daniel is raised to high office by his royal master Darius the Mede. Daniel's jealous rivals trick Darius into issuing a decree that for thirty days no prayers should be addressed to any god or man but Darius himself; anyone who disobeys this edict is to be thrown to the lions. Pious Daniel continues to pray daily to the God of Israel; and the king, although deeply distressed, must condemn Daniel to death, for the edicts of the Medes and Persians cannot be altered. Hoping for Daniel's deliverance, Darius has him cast into the pit. At daybreak the king hurries to the place and cries out anxiously, asking if God had saved his friend. Daniel replies that his God had sent an angel to the jaws of the lions, "because I was found tasteless before them". The king commands that those who had conspired against Daniel be thrown to the poor overfed lions in his place with their tasty wives and children, and that the whole world should tremble and fear before the God of Daniel. Although Daniel is sometimes depicted as a young man in illustrations of the incident, James Montgomery Boice points out that he would have been over eighty years old at the time. No wonder perhaps that he did not entice the lions.
ellauri248.html on line 343: Approximately 56.2 million acres, (87,000 Sq mi) are held in trust by the United States for various Indian tribes and individuals. These are variously called, reservations, pueblos, rancherias, missions, villages, and communities. This amount of land if it all was put in one place would be about the size of Idaho.
ellauri248.html on line 345: The US is 3.797 million mi². The area that was “reserved” for tribes from there previous landholdings is about 2.3% of the total US land. Some reservations are the “reserved” remnants of a tribe’s original land base. Others were created by the federal government from federal land for the resettling Native people who were forcibly relocated from their homelands.
ellauri248.html on line 347: There was also an allotment process starting in the Dawes Act of 1887 until 1934. This was to force more land from Native people. The ostensible reason was to make them individual landholders and thus “Americanized” members of a capitalist system. It was felt this would “solve” the “Indian problem”. In short that it would make them no longer part of the ethnic communities they were members of. However the main push to “solve” the “problem” was by Anglo-Americans who wanted to take that land. Thus land was distributed to tribal members and the “surplus” was given or sold at a cut rate to White Americans or turned into National Forests and Parks or military bases. Land owned by Native Americans decreased from 138 million acres in 1887 to 48 million acres in 1934. They lost 2/3s of their treaty land base. About 90,000 Native Americans were made landless.
ellauri248.html on line 349: Today there is about 10,059,290 acres (15,700 sq miles) of individually owned lands are still held in trust for Native American allotees and their heirs. There are about four million fractional owner interests in this 10 million acres. Each generation the individual share gets less. One part of the Act was the establishment of a trust fund, administered by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, to collect and distribute revenues from oil, mineral, timber, and grazing leases on Native American lands. The BIA´s grossly mismanaged these funds. They were never collected or lost or stolen. This negligence in the management of the trust fund resulted in a number of lawsuits. The most well known is Cobell v. Salazar which led to a $3.4 billion settlement in 2009. The suit has forced proper accounting of revenues for the future but the settlement gave the litigants cents on the dollar.
ellauri248.html on line 353: In contrast to the 2.3% of Native land, the Federal Government owns, as National Parks, Forests, BLM, US Ag land, Fish and Wildlife land, military reservations, wildlife refuges and so on, about 28% of the surface area of the US. That is 640 million acres, or 1 million sq miles. That 28% of the US land was and taken by force from tribes, as was all other state lands and privately held lands. If the US people so chose, we could more fairly address the large losses that Native people have had by transferring more of this land to Tribal governments.
ellauri249.html on line 43:
ellauri249.html on line 78: The tenor of his poetry is not so much apolitical as antipolitical,” wrote Victor Erlich. “His besetting sin was not ‘dissent’ in the proper sense of the word, but a total, and on the whole quietly undemonstrative, estrangement from the Soviet ethos.” Art teaches the writer, he said, “the privateness of the human condition. Being the most ancient as well as the most literal form of private enterprise, it fosters in a man a sense of his uniqueness, of individuality, or separateness—thus turning him from a social animal into an autonomous ‘I.’
ellauri249.html on line 82: Though many critics agreed that Brodsky was one of the finest contemporary Russian poets, some felt that the English translations of his poetry are less impressive. One is never quite allowed to forget that one is reading a second-hand version.
ellauri249.html on line 97: I fired him because he wouldn't respect the authority of the President. I didn't fire him because he was a dumb son of a bitch, although he was, but that's not against the law for generals. If it was, half to three-quarters of them would be in jail.
ellauri249.html on line 108: In a letter Cicero alludes to a number of obscene words, without actually mentioning them. The words which he alludes to but avoids are: cūlus ("arsehole"), mentula ("penis"), cunnus ("cunt"), landīca ("clitoris"), and cōleī ("testicles"). He also objects to words which mean "to fuck", as well as to the Latin word bīnī "two" because for bilingual speakers it sounds like the Greek βινεῖ (bineî) ("he fucks or sodomises", and also to two words for passing wind, vīssiō and pēdō. He does not object to using the word ānus, and says that pēnis, which in his day was obscene, was formerly just a euphemism meaning "tail".
ellauri249.html on line 110: Verpa is also a basic Latin obscenity for "penis", in particular for a penis with the foreskin retracted due to erection and glans exposed, as in the illustration of the god Mercury below. As a result, it was "not a neutral technical term, but an emotive and highly offensive word", most commonly used in despective or threatening contexts of violent acts against a fellow male or rival rather than mere sex (futūtiō "fucking"). It is found frequently in graffiti of the type verpes (= verpa es) quī istuc legēs ("You're a dick you who read this").
ellauri249.html on line 111: By extension, verpus as a masculine adjective or noun, referred to a man whose glans was exposed by erection or by circumcision; thus Juvenal (14.100) has
ellauri249.html on line 128: Another euphemism for the penis was cauda ("tail"), which occurs twice in Horace,[22] and continues today in the French derivative queue ("tail" or "penis"). In one place in his Satires (Serm. 2.7.50) Horace writes:
ellauri249.html on line 358: Because of the phrase's use in Cold War diplomacy, it became a code word for the atomic bomb. In particular, the Tsar Bomba 50 MT yield thermonuclear test device was nicknamed "Kuzka's mother" by its builders.
ellauri249.html on line 388: William D. Rubenstein, a respected author and historian, outlines the presence of antisemitism in the English-speaking world in one of his essays with the same title. In the essay, he explains that there are relatively low levels of antisemitism in the English-speaking world, particularly in Britain and the United States, because of the values associated with Protestantism, the rise of capitalism, and the establishment of constitutional governments that protect civil liberties. Rubenstein does not argue that the treatment of Jews was ideal in these countries, rather he argues that there has been less overt antisemitism in the English-speaking world due to political, ideological, and social structures. Essentially, English-speaking nations experienced lower levels of antisemitism because their liberal and market friendly frameworks limited the organized, violent expression of antisemitism. In his essay, Rubinstein tries to contextualize the reduction of the Jewish population that led to a period of reduced antisemitism: "All Jews were expelled from England in 1290, the first time Jews had been expelled en masse from a European country".
ellauri249.html on line 390: In post-Napoleonic England, when there was a notable absence of Jews, Britain removed bans on "usury and moneylending," and Rubenstein attests that London and Liverpool became economic trading hubs which bolstered England's status as an economic powerhouse. Jews were often associated with being the moneymakers and financial bodies in continental Europe, so it is significant that the English were able to claim responsibility for the country's financial growth and not attribute it to Jews. It is also significant that because Jews were not in the spotlight financially, it took a lot of the anger away from them, and as such, antisemitism was somewhat muted in England. It is said that Jews did not rank among the "economic elite of many British cities" in the 19th century. Again, the significance in this is that British Protestants and non-Jews felt less threatened by Jews because they were not imposing on their prosperity and were not responsible for the economic achievements of their nation.
ellauri249.html on line 409: Kyseenalaisia sankareita kaiken kaikkiaan, esimtää "bloody eye" Skobelev edellisessä Krimin sodassa. Skobelev returned to Turkestan after the war, and in 1880 and 1881 further distinguished himself by retrieving the disasters inflicted by the Tekke Turkomans: following the Siege of Geoktepe, it was stormed, the general captured the fort. Around 8,000 Turkmen soldiers and civilians, including women and children were slaughtered in a bloodbath in their flight, along with an additional 6,500 who died inside the fortress. The Russians massacre included all Turkmen males in the fortress who had not escaped, but they spared some 5,000 women and children and freed 600 Persian slaves. The defeat at Geok Tepe and the following slaughter broke the Turkmen resistance and decided the fate of Transcaspia, which was annexed to the Russian Empire. The great slaughter proved too much to stomach reducing the Akhal-Tekke country to submission. Skobelev was removed from his command because of the massacre. He was advancing on Ashkhabad and Kalat i-Nadiri when he was disavowed and recalled to Moscow. He was given the command at Minsk. The official reason for his transfer to Europe was to appease European public opinion over the slaughter at Geok Tepe. British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery assessed Skobelev as the world's "best single commander" between 1870 and 1914 and wrote of his "skilful and inspiring" leadership. Francis Vinton Greene also rated Skobelev highly.
ellauri254.html on line 66: „Die Grundpfeiler dieses Vereins bildeten nächst Hoffmann, Contessa, Koreff, ein ausgezeichneter Arzt*) und Hitzig. Ein vortrefflicher ineinandergreifendes Quatuor mochte nicht leicht zu finden sein. Koreff war der einzige Mensch, dem Hoffmann geduldig zuhörte, weil er ihn in der Unterhaltung an sprudelndem lebendigem Witze oft und an Kenntnissen immer überbot, auch dabei gutmütig genug war, ihn reden zu lassen, so oft er wollte; Contessa, selbst wenig redend, horchte auf alles, was die Freunde an Witz ausgehen ließen, mit dem beredtesten Beifallslächeln, das ihm unaufhörlich um die Mundwinkel spielte, von Zeit zu Zeit ein kleines, aber entscheidendes Wörtchen zugebend, und Hitzig, der mit Contessa das Publikum bildete und alle drei übrigen länger und besser als sie sich untereinander kannte, verstand darum die Kunst, Lücken im Gespräch auszufüllen, und wo es matt wurde, es wieder anzuregen, sich willig jedes Anspruchs auf Solopartien begebend.“ Hoffman oli takuulla sehr narzissistisch.
ellauri254.html on line 360: According to the extremely experienced Belgian slavist Emmanuel Waegemans, "who was and still is indeed considered to be the primus inter pares in Russian literature and culture from the eighteenth-century onwards", Russian thinkers themselves contributed largely to this movement: such examples would be the irrationalistic and mystical poetry and philosophy of Fyodor Tyutchev and Vladimir Solovyov or Fyodor Dostoyevsky's novels. It is remotely thinkable that these geeks could read the Western alphabet on their own.
ellauri254.html on line 369: Considered to be the 'father' (ru. paapa) of Russian Symbolism. In his book On the Causes of the Decline and on the New Trends in Contemporary Russian Literature (1893), just as the AI guru Martin Minsky, he promoted extreme individualism and deified the act of creation. Merezhkovsky was known for his poetry as well as a series of novels on good men, among whom he counted Jesus, Joan of Arc (not a man?), Dante Alighieri, Leonardo da Vinci, Napoleon and (later) Hitler.
ellauri254.html on line 383: This pessimistic Russian symbolist writer, who referred to himself as the lard of death, was (as I already said) the first writer to introduce the morbid, pessimistic elements characteristic of fin de siècle literature and philosophy into Russian prose. His most famous novel, The Petty Cash Demon (1905), was an attempt to create a living portrait of the concept known in Russian as poshlost' (an idea whose meaning lies somewhere between evil, trashy and banality or kitsch). His next large prose work, A Created Legend (a trilogy consisting of Drops of Blood, Queen Ortruda, and Smoke and Ash), contained many of the same characteristics but presented a considerably more positive and hopeful view of the world. It sold much worse than Petty Cash.
ellauri254.html on line 385: In 1899, as Fyodor Sologub progressed in the teaching profession while continuing to elaborate his literary career, Sologub was appointed principal of the Andreevskoe municipal school in Saint Petersburg. With the position came an apartment on Vasilievsky Island, which Sologub shared with his sister Olga. In the late 1890s and at the beginning of the 1900s, the art world of Petersburg saw Konstantin Sluchevsky’s ‘Fridays’, and Sergei Diaghilev’s ‘Wednesdays’: literary salons which were attended by the leading poets and artists of the day. Sologub had been a participant of both groups; and between 1905 and 1907, his apartment on Vasilievsky Island became the home of ‘Sundays’, a regular meeting place for Petersburg’s nascent intellectuals.
ellauri254.html on line 387: Alexander Blok was a routine visitor. These years were some of the young Blok’s most prolific, marked by bursts of creative energy as he worked on two lyrical dramas – Balaganchik (‘The Puppet Show‘), featuring the ‘grotesquely luckless’ Pierrot, which was staged in 1906 by Vsevolod Meyerhold at the Komissarzhevskaya Theatre; and The Stranger – and the poetry cycle The Snow Mask, which he completed in little over a week at the beginning of 1907. The actress Valentina Verigina often accompanied Blok, and recounted of these visits to and from Sologub’s apartment:
ellauri254.html on line 391: In the month after Olga’s death from tuberculosis in June 1907, Sologub retired following twenty-five years as a teacher, and moved in Petersburg from the school-owned apartment to a private flat. The following year he married Anastasia Chebotarevskaya, a translator and author of children’s books who he had first met in the autumn of 1905. In the summer of 1909, Sologub and Chebotarevskaya holidayed in France. Though he had travelled to Finland with his sister in a final attempt to improve her condition, Finland was at the time part of the Russian Empire, so this trip to France was Sologub’s first proper visit abroad.
ellauri254.html on line 393: In August 1910, Sologub and his wife moved to a larger apartment, at Razyezzhaya ulitsa in the centre of Petersburg. The short and brisk sentences of Anastasia Chebotarevskaya’s writing have been viewed as a potential influence on Sologub’s own work; and she encouraged his acquaintance with the young writers of Russian Futurism, a distinctive literary movement which was then just beginning to flower. Yet the influence of Anastasia on her husband has not been unanimously well received. The humourist Teffi – who was one of the group who frequented the ‘Sundays’ gatherings at Sologub’s Vasilievsky Island home – wrote that Sologub’s marriage:
ellauri254.html on line 395: ‘reshaped his daily life in a new and unnecessary way. A big new apartment was rented, small gilt chairs were bought. The walls of the large cold office for some reason were decorated with paintings of Leda by various painters. The quiet talks were replaced by noisy gatherings with dances and masks. Sologub shaved his mustache and beard, and everyone started to say that he resembled a Roman of the period of decline.’
ellauri254.html on line 397: One of these ‘noisy gatherings with dances and masks’ proved the occasion of a notable scandal within the world of Russian letters. On 3 January, 1911, Sologub and his wife hosted a masquerade to celebrate the new year. Among the attendees were the writers Aleksei Remizov and Aleksei Tolstoy. Remizov was well known within the world of Russian letters for his mischievous sense of humour. He founded a ‘Great and Free House of Apes’, declaring himself Chancellor, and sent out missives to writers and publishers decreeing them positions in this ironic organisation; and Andrei Bely dubbed him a ‘petty cash demon’ – the title of Sologub’s most celebrated work – owing to his appearance.
ellauri254.html on line 403: In response, Remizov claimed that the tail had been shorn from the rest of the hide during a party hosted the previous day by Aleksei Tolstoy. The result was that both he and Remizov were precluded from subsequent parties at the Sologub household.
ellauri254.html on line 431: It was first performed on 1 December 1911 in Berlin under the direction of Max Reinhardt at the Circus Schumann (which later became the Großes Schauspielhaus).
ellauri254.html on line 432: The 1961 film Jedermann, directed by Max Reinhardt's son Gottfried Reinhardt and filmed at the Salzburg Festival, was submitted as the Austrian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 34th Academy Awards, but it was not selected as one of the five nominees in the category.
ellauri254.html on line 481: Und auch was übrig blieb von grünem leben Ja mitä yli jäi elon vihannasta
ellauri254.html on line 499:
ellauri254.html on line 501: Klages was born on 10 December 1872, in Hannover, Germany, the son of Friedrich Ferdinand Louis Klages, a businessman and former military officer, and wife Marie Helene née Kolster. In 1878, his sister Helene Klages was born and the two shared a strong bond throughout their lives. In 1882, when Klages was nine years old, his mother died. The death is thought to have been the result of pneumonia. He quickly developed a strong interest in both prose and poetry writing, as well as in Greek and Germanic antiquity. His relationship with his father was strained by the latter's strictness and will to discipline him. Nevertheless, attempts to forbid Klages from writing poetry were unsuccessful by both his teachers and parents.
ellauri254.html on line 506: When Klages (at 23) moved into a new Schwabing flat in 1895, he entered into an intense sexual relationship with his landlady's daughter, with the mother's approval; the daughter, whom Klages called 'Putti', was eleven years younger than him (12 yrs), and their relationship continued for almost two decades though remained only sexual in nature, and squeaky clean. During his years in Schwabing, Klages also became romantically involved with novelist Franziska zu Reventlow, which was further alluded to in her 1913 roman à clef Herrn Dames Aufzeichnungen. Both Stefan George and Alfred Schuler, with whom Klages closely associated, were openly homosexual men. Whilst some of Klages' outward statements on homosexuality may be seen as harsh, he maintained an intimate personal and not just academic admiration for Schuler all throughout his life. Kaikki käy, kuhan paikat pysyy kemiallisen puhtaana. Kemia ei tunne likaa.
ellauri254.html on line 509: In 1914 at the outbreak of war Klages moved to Switzerland and supported himself with his writing and income from lectures. He returned to Germany in the 1920s and in 1932 was awarded the Goethe medal for Art and Science. However, by 1936 he was under attack from Nazi authorities for lack of support and on his 70th birthday in 1942 was denounced by many newspapers in Germany. After the war he was honoured by the new government for his lack of support to the Nazis, particularly on his 80th birthday in 1952.
ellauri254.html on line 511: Klages influence was widespread and amongst his great admirers were contemporaries like Jewish thinker Walter Benjamin, philosopher Ernst Cassirer, philologist Walter F. Otto and novelist Hermann Hesse.
ellauri254.html on line 515: Alfred Schuler (* 22. November 1865 in Mainz; † 8. April 1923 in München) wird als Seher, Religionsstifter, Gnostiker, Mystagoge und Visionär charakterisiert. Sich selbst verstand Schuler als einen wiedergeborenen dekadenten Römer der späten Kaiserzeit. Schuler, der einen gnostizierenden Neopaganismus vertrat, war spiritueller Mittelpunkt der Kosmiker und Ideengeber für Stefan George und Ludwig Klages. Ohne zu Lebzeiten ein Buch veröffentlicht zu haben, erzielte er eine große Breitenwirkung. Mme Turn und Taxis fragte Rilke: Wer ist dieser Schwuler? Hat er etwas gesrchrieben?
ellauri254.html on line 517: In Munich, the Cosmic Circle of Ludwig Klages and Alfred Schuler, deeming "the Jew the enemy of the human race," gave their erstwhile leader, Stefan George, this ultimatum: "What is your stand on Judah?" He replied that he wished he had more such deep-throated Jewish disciples as Wolfskehl. George's views continued to overlap with those of the Cosmic Circle, especially in invoking the pagan earth mother of "Templars." Actually what first launched the George cult on a nationwide basis was Klages's own book, Stefan George, of 1902. The accusation of Klages's Nazism by indignantly pointing out that the Nazis distinctly distanced themselves from Klages. Though the Nazis shared Klages's basic metapolitics and had found him useful for propaganda among professors, they later found the Klages-Schuler cult embarrassing. The intensity of George's break with Klages-Schuler is paralleled by Nietzsche's break with the Jew-hater Richard Wagner; in both cases an intense friendship was severed on the grounds of civilized values higher than friendship. Klages thought that Nazis and Israelis were both wrong in thinking they were the chosen people, with the difference that the Jews had actually already won the beauty contest.
ellauri254.html on line 523: Obwohl George viele Ideen Schulers als unsinnig ablehnte, war er von ihm fasziniert und vergegenwärtigte in etlichen Versen dessen heraufbeschworene Visionen. Nun wollte Klages, der Schuler immer nähergekommen war, zwischen George und das jüdische Mitglied des Kreises Karl Wolfskehl einen Keil treiben. 1904 biederte er sich dem Zeitgeist an und bestätigte damit indirekt Georges Absage an den Antisemitismus: Klages behauptete, er habe 1904 im letzten Moment durchschaut, dass der George-Kreis von einer „jüdischen Zentrale gesteuert“ werde. Er habe George vor die Wahl gestellt, indem er ihn fragen wollte, was ihn an „Juda“ „binde“. Diesem Gespräch sei George ausgewichen. Wolfskehl, der sich als „römisch, jüdisch, deutsch zugleich“ charakterisierte und als bedeutender Repräsentant der jüdischen George-Rezeption angesehen werden kann, glaubte zunächst an eine Symbiose von Deutschtum und Judentum und orientierte sich hierbei an den Werken des Dichters, der im Stern des Bundes im Sinne einer Wahlverwandtschaft Juden als die „verkannte(n) brüder“ bezeichnete, „von glühender wüste … Stammort des gott-gespenstes … gleich entfernt“.
ellauri254.html on line 588: (Troki, Lith. Trakai; Ger. Traken), city in S.E. Lithuania; annexed to Russia after the third partition of Poland (1795), under Polish rule from 1922 to 1939. It was the most ancient and important of the Karaite communities in the kingdom of *Poland - Lithuania , having apparently been founded by Karaites brought from the Crimea by the Grand Duke of Lithuania, Witold (Vitovt).
ellauri254.html on line 803: Lunz was born in Saint Petersburg, the capital of the Russian Empire, into a middle-class Jewish family on May 2, 1901. His father, Natan Yakovlevich, an emigrant from Lithuania, was a pharmacist and seller of scientific instruments. His mother, Anna Efimovna, was an accomplished pianist. As a child, Lev was delicate but very lively; he contracted pneumonia and diphtheria, which may have weakened his heart.
ellauri254.html on line 816: Kaverin managed to republish Lunz's last play, Gorod Pravdy [The City of Truth], in a theatrical journal in 1989, one year after he had helped to effect the first publication in the Soviet Union of Yevgeny Zamyatin's anti-utopian novel, My [We, 1920]. The censorship board was beginning to crack, but still the Lunz collection was delayed beyond the life of the last Serapion (Kaverin) and the end of the Soviet system. Koska matka oli hauska niin, ottivat he mukaan vielä yhden kaverin.
ellauri254.html on line 820: Viktor Borisovich Shklovsky (Russian: Ви́ктор Бори́сович Шкло́вский, IPA: [ˈʂklofskʲɪj]; 24 January [O.S. 12 January] 1893 – 6 December 1984) was a skinhead Russian and Soviet literary theorist, critic, writer, and pamphleteer. He is one of the major figures associated with Russia formalism.
ellauri254.html on line 821: Shklovsky was born in St. Petersburg, Russia. His father was a Lithuanian Jewish mathematician (with ancestors from Shklov) who converted to Russian Orthodoxy and his mother was of German-Russian origin. He attended St. Petersburg University.
ellauri254.html on line 823: Shklovsky returned to St. Petersburg in early 1918, after the October Revolution. During the Civil War he opposed Bolshevism and took part in an anti-Bolshevik plot organised by members of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. After the conspiracy was discovered by the Cheka, Shklovsky went into hiding, traveling in Russia and the Ukraine, but was eventually pardoned in 1919 due to his connections with Maxim Gorky, and decided to abstain from political activity. His two brothers were executed by the Soviet regime (one in 1918, the other in 1937) and his sister died from hunger in St. Petersburg in 1919.
ellauri254.html on line 825: Shklovsky integrated into Soviet society and even took part in the Russian Civil War, serving in the Red Army. However, in 1922, he had to go into hiding once again, as he was threatened with arrest and possible execution for his former political activities, and he fled via Finland to Germany.
ellauri254.html on line 828: Yevgeny Ivanovich Zamyatin (Russian: Евге́ний Ива́нович Замя́тин, IPA: [jɪvˈɡʲenʲɪj ɪˈvanəvʲɪtɕ zɐˈmʲætʲɪn]; 1 February [O.S. 20 January] 1884 – 10 March 1937), sometimes anglicized as Eugene Zamyatin, was a Russian author of science fiction, philosophy, literary criticism, and political satire.
ellauri254.html on line 846: Vuonna 1946 Zoštšenkosta tehtiin Anna Ahmatovan ohella kylmän sodan aiheuttaman kulttuurielämän kurinpalautuksen syntipukki. NKP:n keskuskomitean päätöksellä pannaan julistettu kirjailija erotettiin Neuvostoliiton kirjailijaliitosta ja vailla työmahdollisuuksia hänen henkinen sairautensa paheni entisestään. Tänä aikana Zoštšenko laati muun muassa Maiju Lassilan Tulitikkuja lainaamassa -romaanin venäjännöksen. Hänet otettiin takaisin kirjailijaliittoon vuonna 1953 ja ensimmäinen uusi teosvalikoima ilmestyi vuonna 1956. All was well. Vsjo harasho.
ellauri254.html on line 887: After his forced resignation from active politics in 1989, Tikhonov wrote a letter to Mikhail Gorbachev which stated that he regretted supporting his election to the General Secretaryship. This view was strengthened when the Communist Party was banned in the Soviet Union. After his retirement, he lived the rest of his life in seclusion at his dacha. As one of his friends noted, he lived as "a hermit" and never showed himself in public and that his later life was very difficult as he had no children and because his wife had died. Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union Tikhonov worked as a State Advisor to the Supreme Soviet. Tikhonov died on 1 June 1997 and was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery. Shortly before his death, he wrote a letter addressed to Yeltsin: "I ask you to bury me at public expense, since I have no financial savings."
ellauri256.html on line 45: Vasily Vasilievich Rozanov (Russian: Васи́лий Васи́льевич Рóзанов; 2 May [O.S. 20 April] 1856 – 5 February 1919) was one of the most controversial Russian writers and important philosophers in the symbolists (aka decadents) of the pre-revolutionary epoch.
ellauri256.html on line 46: Rozanov frequently referred to himself as Fyodor Dostoyevsky's "Underground Man" and proclaimed his right to espouse contrary opinions at the same time. He first attracted attention in the 1890s when he published political sketches in the conservative newspaper Novoye Vremya ("New Time"), owned and run by Aleksey Suvorin. Rozanov's comments, always paradoxical and sparking controversy, led him into clashes with the Tsarist government and with radicals such as Lenin. For example, Rozanov readily passed from criticism of Russian Orthodoxy, and even of what he saw as the Christian preoccupation with death, to fervent praise of Christian faith, from praise of Judaism to unabashed anti-Semitism, and from acceptance of homosexuality as yet another side of human nature to vitriolic accusations that Gogol and some other writers had been latent homosexuals.[citation needed] He proclaimed that politics was "obsolete" because "God doesn't want politics any more," constructed an "apocalypse of our times," and recommended the "healthy instincts" of the Russian people, their longing for authority, and their hostility to modernism.
ellauri256.html on line 60: The Egyptian word for gold was nub, and once the land to the south had been conquered, it came to be called Nubia for the vast amounts of gold found there.
ellauri256.html on line 62: Women were the first cultivators of flax and initiated the manufacture of clothing. Evidence for this claim is the oldest depictions of textile production showing women at work, not men, and women continuing in textile production even when the industry was run by males. This is not at all unusual as women were the first brewers in Egypt and, most likely, the first healers who predated the rise of the medical profession. And the first professionals in the entertainment business, see Capitani and Lady Ceepu.
ellauri256.html on line 246: Boris Nikolaevich Bugaev (Russian: Бори́с Никола́евич Буга́ев, IPA: [bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ bʊˈɡajɪf] (listen)), better known by the pen name Andrei Bely or Biely (Russian: Андре́й Бе́лый, IPA: [ɐnˈdrʲej ˈbʲelɨj] (listen); 26 October [O.S. 14 October] 1880 – 8 January 1934), was a Russian novelist, Symbolist poet, theorist and literary critic. He was a committed anthroposophist and follower of Rudolf Steiner. His novel Petersburg (1913/1922) was regarded by Vladimir Nabokov as the third-greatest masterpiece of modernist literature. The Andrei Bely Prize (Russian: Премия Андрея Белого), one of the most important prizes in Russian literature, was named after him. His poems were set to music and performed by Russian singer-songwriters.
ellauri256.html on line 249: Trotsky was very critical of Andrei Bely and his work. Contemporaries often mentioned his “insane” looks.
ellauri256.html on line 251: Boris Bugaev was born in Moscow, into a prominent intellectual family. His father, Nikolai Bugaev, was a noted mathematician who is regarded as a founder of the Moscow school of mathematics. His mother, Aleksandra Dmitrievna (née Egorova), was not only highly intelligent but a famous society beauty, and the focus of considerable gossip. She was also a pianist, providing Bugaev his musical education at a young age.
ellauri256.html on line 253: Young Boris grew up at the Arbat, a historical area in Moscow. He was a polymath whose interests included mathematics, biology, chemistry, music, philosophy, and literature. Bugaev attended university at the University of Moscow. He would go on to take part in both the Symbolist movement and the Russian school of neo-Kantianism. Bugaev became friendly with Alexander Blok and his wife; he fell in love with her, which caused tensions between the two poets. One of his notions was the Eternal Feminine, which he equated it with the "world soul" and the "supra-individual ego", the ego shared by all individuals. He supported the Bolshevik rise to power and later dedicated his efforts to Soviet culture, serving on the Organizational Committee of the Union of Soviet Writers.
ellauri256.html on line 336: Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky was born in 1893 in Baghdati, Kutais Governorate, Georgia, then part of the Russian Empire, to Alexandra Alexeyevna (née Pavlenko), a housewife, and Vladimir Mayakovsky, a local forester. His father belonged to a noble family and was a distant relative of the writer Grigory Danilevsky. Vladimir Vladimirovich had two sisters, Olga and Lyudmila, and a brother Konstantin, who died at the age of three. The family was of Russian and Zaporozhian Cossack descent on their father's side and Ukrainian on their mother's.
ellauri256.html on line 338: "I was born in the Caucasus, my father was a Cossack, my mother is Ukrainian. My mother tongue is Georgian. Thus three cultures are united in me," he told the Prague newspaper Prager Presse in a 1927 interview.
ellauri256.html on line 340: Eliskä vähävenäläistä kasakkasukua, ei ihme että sitten petti suuren synnyinmaan asian. When Volodja was 13, his kossack father pricked his finger on a rusty pin while filing papers and died of blood poisoning. Äiti myi irtaimen ja muutti Moskovaan.
ellauri256.html on line 355: Communists spent decades trying to erase Lilya Brik's name from the nation's collective memory. The "muse of the Russian avant-garde" was one of the symbols of free love and women's power in post-revolutionary Russia.
ellauri256.html on line 357: “Some call her the second Beatrice, a wise inspirer, Mayakovsky's kindred spirit. Others, a mercenary witch, a vampire, who attached herself to the troubled genius, to his fame and money, and who drove him to suicide,” present-day biographers write about her. Actually she was a little of both.
ellauri256.html on line 358: The stormy affair between the legendary “singer of the revolution”, Vladimir Mayakovsky, and a “proponent of depravity”, Lilya Brik, lasted 15 years, until the poet's suicide in 1930. He devoted poems and hundreds of love letters to her. It was probably this affair that most of all contributed to her going down in history, yet it also left her with hundreds of enemies, who tried to erase any trace of her, even from documents. So, who exactly was this femme fatale?
ellauri256.html on line 360: Lilya was born in 1891 to a wealthy Jewish family. Her father was a lawyer and the family lived in the center of Moscow. Her parents often took little Lilya and her younger sister, Elsa (the future heroine of the French Resistance, Elsa Triolet) with them to European resorts. They look a little like Lea and Liisa in an old phtograph.
ellauri256.html on line 362: The girls were under the constant care of a governess. They became fluent in German and French, learned to play the piano and studied at a grammar school. It was there that at the age of 13, Lilya met her future husband, Osip Brik: in the wake of the revolutionary anti-monarchist unrest of 1905, Lilya began to attend political education clubs, one of which was headed by Osip, the son of a jewelry merchant.
ellauri256.html on line 364: “All our girls were in love with him and etched the name Osya with a penknife on their desks,” Lilya recalled. His low-key courtship of Lilya lasted seven years. Up until the moment she became pregnant. However, the father was not Brik but ... a music teacher, Grigory Krein. Under pressure from her mother, Lilya had an abortion, after which she could no longer have children. And Brik finally proposed.
ellauri256.html on line 366: However, Osip very quickly ceased to be a husband to her in all respects. In 1914, Lilya wrote: “I already led an independent life, and physically we somehow drew apart... A year passed, we no longer lived as husband and wife, but we were friends, perhaps even more so than before. That was when Mayakovsky came into our life.”
ellauri256.html on line 371: “It was an onslaught. Volodya did not just fall in love with me, he attacked. For two and a half years I did not have a minute of peace, literally,” Brik recalled. The impulsive Mayakovsky wrote her letters every day, called her all the time, and waited for her under her windows. As luck would have it, she too was a woman with a heightened sexual curiosity.
ellauri256.html on line 373: Osip was not troubled by his wife's affair. All the more so, since the country was living through a sexual revolution - free love became a symbol of the time. “I loved making love to Osya. On those occasions, we locked Volodya in the kitchen. Then he would rage, trying to join us, scratching at the door and crying,” Lilya once told a friend.
ellauri256.html on line 376: After the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, the situation turned upside down. Mayakovsky, as a devoted Bolshevik, began to make good money on his poems, whereas Osip Brik's business went pear-shaped. It was then that Lilya told her husband she was now with Mayakovsky, yet she did not want to divorce him. Thus, both moved to the poet’s apartment, lived and traveled at his expense, with Mayakovsky calling Osip a part of the “family”. Their relationship became an “ideal" for those who advocated free love. In the meantime, rumors of Lilya Brik’s numerous sexual liaisons grew.
ellauri256.html on line 378: Osip did not only let Lilya play around, he also visited brothels with her,” writes Alisa Ganieva, the author of Lilya Brik's biography L.Yu.B. However, Osip had a different interest in prostitutes - he was writing a PhD thesis about them and was something of a “social worker” (giving them legal assistance). However, he took his young wife with him there for fun.
ellauri256.html on line 380: Contemporaries' attitude to Lilya was mixed. Men adored her: the list of Brik's admirers included practically the entire circle of Russian avant-garde artists and prominent culture figures, from Alexander Rodchenko to Sergey Diaghilev. In Italy, she was friends with Pasolini, in France, with Louis Aragon (who would eventually marry her sister Elsa) and Yves Saint Laurent, who used to say: “I know three women who can be elegant outside of fashion - Catherine Deneuve, Marlene Dietrich and Lilya Brik.”
ellauri256.html on line 382: Professionally, Brik was everything and nothing: she tried to be a sculptor, a writer, a film actress, she worked in advertising and took balling lessons. She did not achieve great results in any of these fields. Yet, she founded one of Moscow's most famous literary salons of the 20th century. That salon outlived all others. “The literature was canceled, there was just the Briks' salon left, where writers met with KGB operatives,” Anna Akhmatova, who was not invited to the salon, jealously said.
ellauri256.html on line 384: However, after Mayakovsky shot himself in the heart at the height of his fame, their romance turned into a tragic legend, and Brik was practically declared the poet's killer. Especially after she released their correspondence: there were hundreds of letters with declarations of love from Mayakovsky and terse answers and requests to send money from Lilya.
ellauri256.html on line 386: Nevertheless, when after Mayakovsky's death his poetry soon began to be forgotten, Lilya, as his executor (named as such by the poet in his will), took a lot of effort to prevent it. She wrote a letter to Joseph Stalin, who issued an order to ensure that the poet's legacy was not forgotten. So it was largely thanks to her that a whole industry was created around Mayakovsky, with his statues erected all over the country, his works reprinted, and collective farms and plants named after him.
ellauri256.html on line 391: Mayakovsky produced a large and diverse body of work during the course of his career: he wrote poems, wrote and directed plays, appeared in films, edited the art journal LEF, and produced agitprop posters in support of the Communist Party during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. Though Mayakovsky's work regularly demonstrated ideological and patriotic support for the ideology of the Bolsheviks and a strong admiration of Vladimir Lenin, his relationship with the Soviet state was always complex and often tumultuous. Mayakovsky often found himself engaged in confrontation with the increasing involvement of the Soviet state in cultural censorship and the development of the State doctrine of Socialist realism. Works that criticized or satirized aspects of the Soviet system, such as the poem "Talking With the Taxman About Poetry" (1926), and the plays The Bedbug (1929) and The Bathhouse (1929), met with scorn from the Soviet state and literary establishment. Majakovskin lehdykkä Lef teki pilkkaa serapioniveljistä. Ei ois kannattanut. Fedin pani sen hampaankoloon ja Zishtshov närkästyi.
ellauri256.html on line 518: Boris Sidis (/ˈsaɪdɪs/; October 12, 1867 – October 24, 1923) was a Ukrainian immigrant Jewish psychologist, physician, psychiatrist, and philosopher of education. Sidis studied under William James at Harvard, made 4 degrees, and founded the New York State Psychopathic Institute and the Journal of Abnormal Psychology. He sought to provide insight into why people behave as they do, particularly in cases of a mob frenzy or religious mania. He vigorously applied the principles of Darwinian evolution to the study of psychology. He saw fear as an underlying cause of much human mental suffering and problematic behavior. Boris Sidis opposed mainstream psychology and Sigmund Freud, and thereby died ostracized. Sidis himself derided himself as "silly, pedantic, absurd, and grossly misleading." He later credited his ability to think to his long solitary confinement in Ukraina. Sidis sr died estranged from Sidis jr on October 24, 1923, at the age of 56.
ellauri256.html on line 520: For he was the father of child prodigy William James Sidis jr.
ellauri256.html on line 526: Martha Foley was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on March 21, 1897, to Walter and Margaret M. C. Foley. From 1909 to 1915, she attended Boston Girls' Latin School, and even then aspired to be a writer. The school magazine published her first short story, "Jabberwock," when she was eleven years old. (I had thought it was Lewis Carrol's.) After graduating from the 'Girls School' she attended Boston University but did not graduate, unlike Riitta Roth, who did. The topic of her MA thesis was Garten-Laub. The name of her kitten was Klobürste. (Riitta's, not Martha's)
ellauri256.html on line 528: Before getting married, she (Martha) was a companion of noted former child and prodigy William James Sidis and the object of his unrequited love. Her magazine Story is credited with the first publication and early support of a pantheon of notable authors, including: John Cheever, Carson McCullers, William Saroyan, Truman Capote, Norman Mailer, and such as J. D. Salinger, Tennessee Williams and Richard Wright.
ellauri257.html on line 47: Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol (1 April [O.S. 20 March] 1809 – 4 March [O.S. 21 February] 1852) was a very short story writer and playwright of Ukrainian origin. Gogol was born in the Ukrainian Cossack town of Sorochyntsi, in the Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire. His mother was descended from Leonty Kosyarovsky, an officer of the Lubny Regiment in 1710. His father was supposedly Vasily Gogol-Yanovsky, who died when Gogol was 15 years old, was descendant of Ukrainian Cossacks (see Lyzohub family) and belonged to the 'petty gentry'. His father wrote poetry in Ukrainian almost as well as in Russian, and was an amateur playwright in his brother's home theatre. As was typical of the left-bank Ukrainian gentry of the early nineteenth century, the family spoke Ukrainian nearly as well as Russian. As a child, Gogol helped stage plays in his uncle's home theatre.
ellauri257.html on line 50: He was not popular among his schoolmates, who called him a "mysterious dwarf". Very early he developed a dark and secretive disposition, marked by a painful self-consciousness and boundless ambition.
ellauri257.html on line 55: Gogol's huge influence on Russian, Ukrainian and world literature was acknowledged by Mikhail Bulgakov, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Franz Kafka and (most notably) Flannery O'Connor.
ellauri257.html on line 101: The story was initially published in 1835 as part of the Mirgorod collection of short stories, but a much expanded version appeared in 1842 with some differences in the storyline. The 1842 text has been described by Victor Erlich [ru] as a "paragon of civic virtue and a force of patriotic edification", contrasting the rhetoric of the 1835 version with its "distinctly Cossack jingoism".
ellauri257.html on line 341: Hän oli vuonna 1966 ehdolla Nobelin kirjallisuuspalkinnon saajaksi, mutta ei kuitenkaan saanut palkintoa. Actually he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature four times, from 1966 to 1969. Eise sentään ollut Puolan juutalaisia vaikka painui Argentiinaan karkuroimaan 1939. Actually he was considered unfit for military duties. No jotain vikaa siinä piti olla, ja olikin: Gombrowicz had affairs with both men and women.
ellauri257.html on line 395: İn fact, his “debate” with Slavoj Zizek is wonderfully illustrative of this. When confronted with an actual, living “cultural Marxist”, what resulted was a mostly friendly chat. (No tietysti, ei korppi toisen julkkiskorpin silmää noki paizi selän takana.)
ellauri257.html on line 486: Shadows on the Hudson (original title Shotns baym Hodson ) is a novel by Isaac Bashevis Singer. First serialized in The Forward, a Yiddish newspaper, it was published in book form in 1957. It was translated into English by Joseph Sherman in 1998. The book follows a group of prosperous Jewish refugees in New York City following World War II, just prior to the founding of the state of Israel.
ellauri257.html on line 489: Singer described himself as "conservative," adding that "I don't believe by flattering the masses all the time we really achieve much." His conservative side was most apparent in his Yiddish writing and journalism, where he was openly hostile to Marxist sociopolitical agendas. In Forverts he once wrote, "It may seem like terrible apikorses [heresy], but conservative governments in America, England, France, have handled Jews no worse than liberal governments.... The Jew's worst enemies were always those elements that the modern Jew convinced himself (really hypnotized himself) were his friends. Interestingly enough, he notes the cultural tensions between Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jewish people during his trip to Haifa and during his stay in the new nation. With the description of Jewish immigration camps in the new land, he foresaw the difficulties and socio-economic tensions in Israel, and hence turned back to his critical views of Zionism. Naah, America is the promised land.
ellauri257.html on line 502: Who could live with Isaac Bashevis Singer? The sexual escapades of the most successful Yiddish writer in America — and the one whom most Yiddish literati loved to hate — were public knowledge, in large part because he himself built his reputation as a Casanova in his own fiction, where he was chased into the bedroom by women young and old. His oeuvre might be described as “sex and the shtetl.”
ellauri257.html on line 504: Still, Singer was a married man, but not to Runia (Rachel) Pontsch, who in 1929 gave birth to a son, Israel Zamir, Singer's only child. In Warsaw, before immigrating to the United States, he had a child out of wedlock with one of his mistresses, Runia Shapira, a rabbi’s daughter. She was a Communist expelled from the Soviet Union for her Zionist sympathies. In his 1995 memoir, “A Journey to My Father, Isaac Bashevis Singer,” Zamir recounts how he and his mother ended up in Palestine. But since Singer and Runia separated when Zamir (born in 1929) was little, the report is almost totally deprived of a domestic portrait.
ellauri257.html on line 506: In the United States, Singer went through a period of depression in which he published little fiction, until in 1938, he met Alma Wasserman and the two married in 1940. For Singer as homo domesticus, I needed the views of his wife, Alma Haimann, whom I’ll refer to by her first name hereafter. I had read in a 1970s article from The Jewish Exponent that Alma had been at work on an autobiography. “I’m about as far as the first 100 pages,” she told the Philadelphia newspaper. I was also aware, from Paul Kresh’s 1979 biography, “The Magician of West 86th Street,” that Singer didn’t think his wife would ever finish the manuscript. But was there such a manuscript?
ellauri257.html on line 514: Alma doesn’t explore the cultural differences that separated them. She was an upper-class German Jew born in Munich, whereas Singer was from Leoncin, a small Polish village northeast of Warsaw. In 1904, when Singer was born, Leoncin was part of the Russian Empire. In Alma’s milieu, Yiddish was a symbol of low caste. Her father had been a textile businessman and her grandfather had been a Handlerichter (LOL), a judge specializing in commercial cases. Although Wasserman, her first husband, was nowhere near as rich in America as he had been in Germany, he was certainly far wealthier than Singer, who was known as an impecunious journalist.
ellauri257.html on line 517: , she worked at Saks 34th Street, and then, until retirement, at Lord & Taylor. On occasion she would accompany Singer to his lectures. They also traveled together to Europe, especially England and France. The purpose of one of those trips was for Alma to show Singer the places in Switzerland where she and her parents had stayed before the war. When she returned to America, she felt ecstatic. In the manuscript, she recollects standing on Broadway, looking in wonder at a fruit store and grocery, admiring their abundance.
ellauri257.html on line 522: Sadly, nothing in Alma’s narrative hints at the emotional turmoil Singer left in his wake, although in the 1970s she told Kresh that abandoning the Wasserman family left such a sour taste in her mouth that she convinced herself it was better to stay forever with Singer despite his infidelities than to cause another emotional uproar. By most accounts, the lingering effects of her divorce made for bad blood toward Singer among Alma’s children and their extended family.
ellauri257.html on line 524: Alma recounts her relationship with Singer as one of endurance. Her first two lines are: “When I told my friends and relatives that I intended to marry Isaac Singer, they all protested violently that it would not last more than a few weeks, and that the whole thing was a mistake. So far it has lasted for almost forty years, and although it was sometimes stormy, it nevertheless is a record.” Yes, she says it’s a record. The word “love” is nowhere to be found.
ellauri257.html on line 526: Singer’s domestic side is thorny. The Singers kept a Hispanic maid, and Dvora Menashe (later Telushkin), who was Singer’s assistant in his late years — indeed she wrote a memoir, “Master of Dreams” [1997], recounting that time — told me about her. So did Janet Hadda, who wrote the biography “Isaac Bashevis Singer: A Life” (1997). Hadda even provided me with an address, but my letters went unanswered. Lester Goran, who co-taught with Singer at the University of Miami and wrote a memoir about their friendship, “The Bright Streets of Surfside” (1994), couldn’t help me, either.
ellauri257.html on line 530: All this to say that the Yiddish writer’s other women — not the sexy but the stolid, those who accompanied him at home for better or worse, for richer or poorer, in sickness and in health — are crucial to the understanding of how he looked at the world. Alma was his anchor. Despite his betrayals, he always returned to her. Her silence, her resignation, might be disheartening to modern sensibilities. Yet she grounded him, and not only as an artist.
ellauri257.html on line 571: Lodge was a Christian Spiritualist. In 1909, he published the book Survival of Man which expressed his belief that life after death had been demonstrated by mediumship. His most controversial book was Raymond or Life and Death (1916). The book documented the séances that he and his wife had attended with the medium Gladys Osborne Leonard. Lodge was convinced that his son Raymond who had become cannon food had communicated with him and the book is a description of his son's experiences in the spirit world. According to the book Raymond had reported that those who had died were still the same people that they had been on earth before they "passed over". There were houses, trees and flowers in the Spirit world, which was similar to the earthly realm, although there was no STD. The book also claimed that soldiers who died in World War I smoked cigars and drank whisky and ate pussy also in the spirit world and because of such statements the book was criticised.
ellauri257.html on line 573: Lodge had endorsed a clairvoyant medium known as "Annie Brittain". However, she made entirely incorrect guesses about a policeman who was disguised as a farmer. She was arrested and convicted for fraudulent fortune telling.
ellauri257.html on line 575: Lodge was a friend of Arthur Conan Doyle, who also lost a son in World War I and was a Spiritualist. Anglosaxarna har en svaghet för den här sortens idioti. Dom är rädda för döden, stackars kräkar. Singerin amerikanjuutalaiset ovat ääreist klicheisiä. Ne pitää Amerikasta koska jenkit arvostaa bisnestä eivätkä sixi vainoa rahantuntevia juutalaisia.
ellauri260.html on line 80: Albert C. Knudsonin (n.h.) mukaan personalismi on "yli kahden vuosituhannen älyllisen työn kypsä hedelmä, pyramidin huippu, jonka pohjan Platon ja Aristoteles asettivat". Personalistit oli tarkkana etteivät maininineet JHVHn nimeä ääneen näissä sepustuxissa, koko kusetus olisi mennyt siitä pilalle. Albert Cornelius Knudson (1873–1953) was a Christian theologian in the Methodist tradition, associated with Boston University and the school of liberal theology known as Boston personalism.
ellauri260.html on line 81: Albert Cornelius Knudson was born on January 23, 1873, in Grand Meadow, Minnesota. He was the son of Asle Knudson (1844-1939) and Synnove (Fosse) Knudsen (1842-1916), both of whom were immigrants from Norway. Livet er en gamp, sa kjerringa som døde først.
ellauri260.html on line 191: The Nobel Prize in Literature 1908 was awarded to Rudolf Christoph Eucken "in recognition of his earnest search for truth, his penetrating power of thought, his wide range of vision, and the warmth and strength in presentation with which in his numerous works he has vindicated and developed an idealistic philosophy of life".
ellauri260.html on line 225: Joseph Martin McCabe (12 November 1867 – 10 January 1955) was an English writer and speaker on freethought (vapaa-ajattelija), after having been a Roman Catholic priest earlier in his life. He was "one of the great mouthpieces of freethought in England". Becoming a critic of the Catholic Church, McCabe joined groups such as the Rationalist Association and the National Secular Society. He criticised Christianity from a rationalist perspective, but also was involved in the South Place Ethical Society which grew out of dissenting Protestantism and was a precursor of modern secular humanism. William Ferguson wrote of him: "He was bitterly anti-Catholic but also actively undermined religious faith in general." McCabe was also an advocate of women's rights and worked with Mrs. Pankhurst and Mrs. Wolstenholme-Elmy on speeches favoring giving British women the right to vote. McCabe is also known for his inclusion in, and irritation at, G. K. Chesterton's funny book Heretics. Funny is the opposite of not funny, nothing else, defended Chesterton. He should know. In 1920 McCabe publicly debated the Spiritualist Arthur Conan Doyle on the claims of Spiritualism at Queen's Hall in London. Various scientists such as William Crookes and Cesare Lombroso had been duped into believing Spiritualism by mediumship tricks.
ellauri260.html on line 227: But now let us return to the problem! "Vapauden ongelma", no less! The problem of the hard struggle for life. The first improvement that individuals obtained in this regard was when they came together in social groups, or teams. They now had some protection against both the terrors of nature and the menace of their enemies, other moneky teams. It was religions which first inspired them with a sense of task and duty ; and gradually religion and morality, especially morality in its social aspect, entered into close combination and completed each other.
ellauri260.html on line 229: Adam Smith's picture of laissez-faire was thoroughly optimistic. In the unrestricted competition of individuals and nations Smith saw an immeasurable gain in freedom and power. The interests of all seemed to him to unite in a complete harmony, and to guarantee a steady progress of the whole. He thought of the whole as well as the individuals, but the entire collective condition seemed to him to be best promoted when it was left to the activities of the most deserving individuals. While earlier ages had talked of a religious, scientific, or artistic type of life, we now have, added to these, if not placed higher than they, an economic type. (Eikös kauppiassääty ollut mukana myös hindujen luonnetyypeissä? Tosin ei kärjessä kuten Smithillä, Intiassa siellä rellestivät brahmiinit.)
ellauri260.html on line 231: German philosophy did a great deal by way of deepening the ideas of men. In particular its starting from the whole instead of the individual, and its idea of movement advancing in virtue of its own forces, had a great influence on every section of social life. But the economic problem, and on this account the general social movement was directed by Lassalle, and still more by Marx, into far too narrow a path, and the Socialist ideal was conceived in too partisan a sense. The chief aim was to bring about a collective ownership of the means of production and " socialise " all property, and to recognise in the class-war a lever for the over- throw of the existing political conditions. It was thus that the Socialist movement captured the thoughts and sentiments of great masses of people.
ellauri260.html on line 257: We must, however, bear in mind that the main idea of Socialism goes far beyond the conception of Marx ; that it may be realised in many different ways, and that under one common head it embraces all sorts of opposite opinions and divergences. If we leave out the embarrassing collective ownership part, we can still keep totalitarianism and corporativism and get to another great idea in German thought: national socialism! Sorry, oops, that was ahistorical of me, let me rephrase that.
ellauri260.html on line 260: Apart from economic matters and (admittedly superfluous) democratization, there is zealous effort, which we may call statism, sorry, anachronism, let's call it Politism, to enlarge the power and the province of States as far as possible. Very bad! In addition, we lost theocracy, the collective order that had an undisputed superiority, and gave meaning and purpose to human life. In the course of modern times this job has passed more and more to the side of the deserving individuals. Metaphysics was succeeded by psychology, and religion by entertainment.
ellauri260.html on line 262: The denial of the Heavenly Dad had its various stages. Positivism was one of the mildest types, they just put the cosmic problem aside. More drastic was the radical German philosophy, particularly Neo-Hegelianism. The leader was Ludwig Feuerbach, who won large numbers of adherents by the definiteness of his statements and the glow of his eloquence. Religion, like everything supersensual, seemed to him "outworn." Engels, who was an ardent follower of Feuerbach, said : " We have done with God." NIetzsche, my competitor for Religion seemed to Feuerbach an illegitimate extension to the whole scheme of things of man's ideas and aspirations : a mischievous illusion which weakened the power of men and distracted them from their proper aims. His ideas are easily gathered from these words of his : " God was my first, reason my second, man my third and final thought."
ellauri260.html on line 282: In the course of history it was at first religion that assailed inequality. From the common relation of all men to God, the fount of all life, it concluded that all men were equal. We need quote only the pregnant words of Luther : " Though we are never equal before the world, yet are we all equal before God, children of Adam, creatures of God ; and every man is of the same value as any other, if only behind the stone."
ellauri260.html on line 286: Religion created a place in which antagonisms disappeared — but it saw no injustice in inequality. In this it was moved by its confident expectation of happiness in the next world, in which there would be no distinctions ; in fact, the poor and oppressed seemed to be entitled to the highest places. Modern Socialism, however, finds no consolation in that doctrine. It is not satisfied with an equality in hope and expectation.
ellauri260.html on line 290: French Revolution declared that all men were equal, but it made equality consist essentially in awarding the same formal rights to every individual, including the right to develop by his own powers ; the actual inequality of individuals was not disputed. But the idea in its positive form demanded the complete and unreserved equality of all individuals. All inequality it regarded as unjust, as a mere consequence of external circum- stances, especially property and education. It was to be abolished by every possible means, and an absolute equality was to be established. During the French Revolution the Gironde held the negative, the Mountain the positive, conception of equality. The final issue of the positive movement was pure Communism (Babeuf). It was soon forcibly suppressed.
ellauri260.html on line 298: it was left to Socialism to devote its whole strength to the problem and to replace philanthropy by civic and national institutions.
ellauri260.html on line 306: Under the lead of factory technology, the individual worker became defenceless, as its vast industrial aggregations robbed him of his independence, while capital obtained an appalling power and forced him to serve the designs of others. He became simply a piece of merchandise, the value of which was settled by the market. Thus the race drifted into a sharp antithesis of " labour and capital," and the two soon proved irreconcilable enemies.
ellauri260.html on line 316: During early Christians, the teaching of Aristotle remained the chief guide, and his attack upon usury was transplanted into Christian soil by Lactantius. The chief concern was now the soul ; material possessions were deemed to be of much inferior value. There was much in this (the ban on usury) that restricted and caused a decay of economic life. It was divided into particular transactions which had no common aim. Labour was confined within narrow channels, and had very limited aims, so that production on a large scale ceased, and great wealth became impossible. Oh fuck. The mainspring of trade was individual covetousness, and this was enough of itself to restrict the full recognition of economic activity all through the middle ages.
ellauri260.html on line 319: Hitherto the beautiful had been considered far superior to the useful, but the useful is now cleansed of the stain that it was supposed to have ; it is ennobled and becomes a spur to action. The beautiful got to be what it always is, a luxury available to those who have the means. Engels olis sevverran oikeassa että "it is not ideas, as independent forces, but the vital interests of business life, which control the whole." Rikastuminen ei ole keino vaan päämäärä, ainoa että sosialismissa se jaettaisiin koko porukalle eikä kökkäreille yxinään.
ellauri260.html on line 369: The men of earlier times started from the world as a whole, and life was thus deprived of its full freedom and originality ; we of modern times started from freedom and originality, and our life had no firm substance or settled truth. It threatened continually to fall into the merely subjective and personal. We have now to bring freedom and truth closer together.
ellauri260.html on line 382: There is, in fact, to-day over wide areas of life a positive dislike of man, a taedium generis humani, as it was called in the last days of the ancient world. We have at one and the same time the evil of overpopulation, the concentration of men in cities, the economic struggle, and so on. We have not space enough. One man is the enemy of another. Above all our particular questions we feel the power over men of the trivial, the common, the evil. The idea of Superman Tattoo occurred to some ; but can thought alone get over realities and their power ? So the human problem finds us involved in a terrible complication, and the Socialist ideal cannot extricate us. The situation would be hopeless if there were not higher forces working in man, making more of him, unsealing old and new springs of life to him. At present, however, we are merely searching, but I bet I am on the right track here.
ellauri260.html on line 390: Sir James George Frazer OMG FRS FRSE FBA WTF (/ˈfreɪzər/; 1 January 1854 – 7 May 1941) was a Scottish social anthropologist and folklorist influential in the early stages of the modern studies of mythology and comparative religion. His lousy reputation improved after his new wife in 1896, Lilly Frazer, decided that he was undervalued because of atheism and that she could improve his impact by leaving out some of it. His dissertation was published years later as The Growth of Plato's Ideal Theory. He remained a classical fellow all his life, not unlike Kari Hotakainen.
ellauri260.html on line 393: In 1896 Frazer married Elizabeth "Lilly" Grove, a writer whose father was from Alsace. She would later adapt Frazer's Golden Bough as a book of children's stories, The Leaves from the Golden Bough. Frazer was not widely travelled. His prime sources of data were ancient histories and questionnaires mailed to missionaries and imperial officials all over the globe. His vision of the annual sacrifice of the Year-King has not been borne out by field studies. His wife Lady Frazer published a single-volume abridged version, largely compiled by her, in 1922, with some controversial material on Christianity excluded from the text. Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, cited Totemism and Exogamy frequently in his own Totem and Taboo:
ellauri262.html on line 67: Minkä takia toi yxi tukallinen pienipää on jäänyt haaviin? Ehkä silläkin on tupee? No ei. Se on Former Chicago Bears Matt Mayberry to Support Bike Bald Charity Fun ... Matthew Mayberry (born August 6, 1987) is a former American football linebacker for the Indiana Hoosiers of the NCAA and Chicago Bears of the NFL. He is now a keynote speaker and business consultant on the topics of leadership, peak performance, culture, and teamwork. So "why the name?" Bike Bald Group was founded in 2004 by a bald multiple time cancer survivor who was taught to fight even on the toughest days, while never forgetting those that helped along the way.
ellauri262.html on line 129: Clive Staples Lewis, FBA (29 November 1898 – 22 November 1963) was a British writer and Anglican lay theologian. He held academic positions in English literature at both Oxford University (Magdalen College, 1925–1954) and Cambridge University (Magdalene College, 1954–1963). He is best known as the author of The Chronicles of Narnia, but he is also noted for his other works of fiction, such as The Screwtape Letters and The Space Trilogy, and for his non-fiction Christian apologetics, including Mere Christianity, Miracles, and The Problem of Pain.
ellauri262.html on line 131: Lewis was a close friend of J. R. R. Tolkien, author of The Lord of the Rings. Both men served on the English faculty at Oxford University and were active in the informal Oxford literary group known as the Inklings. According to Lewis's 1955 memoir Surprised by Joy, he was baptized in the Church of Ireland but fell away from his faith during adolescence. Lewis returned to Anglicanism at the age of 32, owing to the influence of Tolkien and other friends, and he became an "ordinary layman of the Church of England". Lewis's faith profoundly affected his work, and his wartime radio broadcasts on the subject of Christianity brought him wide acclaim.
ellauri262.html on line 135: Lewis's mother was Florence Augusta Lewis née Hamilton (1862–1908), known as Flora, the daughter of Thomas Hamilton, a Church of Ireland priest, and the great-granddaughter of both Bishop Hugh Hamilton and John Staples. Lewis had an elder brother, Warren Hamilton Lewis (known as "Warnie"). He was baptized on 29 January 1899 by his maternal grandfather in St Mark's Church, Dundela. Jacksie's dad was a second generation immigrant from Wales.
ellauri262.html on line 137: When his dog Jacksie was killed by a car, the four-year old Lewis adopted the name Jacksie. At first, he would answer to no other name, but later accepted Jack, the name by which he was known to friends and family for the rest of his life. When he was seven, his family moved into "Little Lea", the family home of his childhood, in the Strandtown area of East Belfast.
ellauri262.html on line 139: As a boy, Lewis was fascinated with anthropomorphic animals; he fell in love with Beatrix Potter and often wrote and illustrated his own animal tales. Along with his brother Warnie, he created the world of Boxen, a fantasy land inhabited and run by animals.
ellauri262.html on line 141: Lewis was schooled by private tutors until age nine, when his mother died in 1908 from cancer. His father then sent him to England to live and study at Wynyard School in Watford, Hertfordshire. Lewis's brother had enrolled there three years previously. Not long after, the school was closed due to a lack of pupils. Lewis then attended Campbell College in the east of Belfast about a mile from his home, but left after a few months due to respiratory problems.
ellauri262.html on line 145: He was then sent back to England to the health-resort town of Malvern, Worcestershire, where he attended the preparatory school Cherbourg House, which Lewis referred to as "Chartres" in his autobiography. It was during this time that he abandoned the Christianity he was taught as a child and became an atheist. During this time he also developed a fascination with European mythology and the occult.
ellauri262.html on line 151: Lewis' mere Christianity masked the political prejudices of an old-fashioned Ulster Protestant, a native of middle-class Belfast for whom British withdrawal from Northern Ireland even in the 1950s and 1960s was unthinkable.
ellauri262.html on line 153: Within months of entering Oxford, he was shipped by the British Army to France to fight in the First World War. In the midst of the German spring offensive, Lewis was wounded and two of his colleagues were killed by a British shell falling short of its target. He was depressed and homesick during his convalescence and, upon his recovery in October, he was assigned to duty in Andover, England. He was demolished in December 1918 and soon restarted his studies. Later, Lewis stated that his experience of the horrors of war, along with the loss of his mother and unhappiness in school, were the basis of his pessimism and atheism.
ellauri262.html on line 155: In 1924 he became a Philosophy tutor at University College and, in 1925, was elected a Fellow and Tutor in English Literature at Magdalen College, where he served for 29 years until 1954.
ellauri262.html on line 156: During his army training, Lewis shared a room with another cadet, Edward Courtnay Francis "Paddy" Moore (1898–1918). Maureen Moore, Paddy's sister, said that the two made a mutual pact that if either died during the war, the survivor would take care of both of their families. Paddy was killed in action in 1918 and Lewis kept his promise. Paddy had earlier introduced Lewis to his mother, Janie King Moore, and a friendship quickly sprang up between Lewis, who was 18 when they met, and Janie, who was 45. The friendship with Moore was particularly important to Lewis while he was recovering from his wounds in hospital, as his father did not visit him.
ellauri262.html on line 160: Lewis lived with and cared for Moore until she was hospitalized in the late 1940s. He routinely introduced her as his mother, referred to her as such in letters, and developed a deeply affectionate friendship with her. Lewis's own mother had died when he was a child, while his father was distant, demanding, and eccentric.
ellauri262.html on line 162: Were they lovers? Owen Barfield, who knew Jack well in the 1920s, once said that he thought the likelihood was "fifty-sixty". After conversations with Mrs. Moore's daughter, Maureen, and a consideration of the way in which their bedrooms were arranged at The Kilns, he was quite certain that they were.
ellauri262.html on line 164: Lewis was raised in a religious family that attended the Church of Ireland. He became an atheist at age 15, though he later described his young self as being paradoxically "very angry with God for not existing" and "equally angry with him for creating a world". His early separation from Christianity began when he started to view his religion as a chore and a duty; around this time, he also gained an interest in the occult, as his studies expanded to include such topics. His main argument against God was theodicy.
ellauri262.html on line 166: Lewis's interest in the works of the Scottish writer George MacDonald was part of what turned him from atheism. The quality which first met him in his books was Holiness.
ellauri262.html on line 168: C. S. Lewis wrote that he regarded MacDonald as his "master": "Picking up a copy of Phantastes one day at a train-station bookstall, I began to read. A few hours later, I knew that I had crossed a great frontier."[citation needed] G. K. Chesterton cited The Princess and the Goblin as a book that had "made a difference to my whole existence". Even Mark Twain, who initially disliked MacDonald, became friends with him, and there is some evidence that Twain was influenced by him. MacDonald's theology "celebrated the rediscovery of God as Father, and Christ as a shaved Lion King."
ellauri262.html on line 173: MacDonald rejected the doctrine of penal substitutionary atonement as developed by John Calvin, which argues that Christ has taken the place of sinners and is punished by the wrath of God in their place, believing that in turn it raised serious questions about the character and nature of God.[citation needed] Instead, he taught that Christ had come to save people from their sins, and not from a Divine penalty for their sins: the problem was not the need to appease a wrathful God, but the disease of cosmic evil itself.[citation needed] MacDonald frequently described the atonement in terms similar to the Christus Victor theory.
ellauri262.html on line 175: Christus Victor is a book by Gustaf Aulén published in English in 1931, presenting a study of theories of atonement in Christianity. The original Swedish title is Den kristna försoningstanken ("The Christian Idea of the Atonement") published in 1930. Aulén reinterpreted the classic ransom theory of atonement, which says that Christ's death is a ransom to the powers of evil, which had held humankind in their dominion. It is a model of the atonement that is dated to the Church Fathers, and it was the dominant theory of atonement for a thousand years, until Anselm Panda of Canterbury supplanted it in the West with his satisfaction theory of atonement. So that the baddies in the story were Sauron and the goblins and orcs of Mordor, not God as angry Scrooge McDuck coming for his dues.
ellauri262.html on line 181: Henry Victor Dyson Dyson (7 April 1896 – 6 June 1975), generally known as Hugo Dyson and who signed his writings H. V. D. Dyson, was an English academic and a member of the Inklings literary group. He was a committed Christian, and together with J. R. R. Tolkien he helped C. S. Lewis to convert to Christianity, particularly after a long conversation as they strolled on Addison's Walk at Oxford.
ellauri262.html on line 184: Lewis was only 40 when the war began, and he tried to re-enter military service, offering to instruct cadets; however, his offer was not accepted, as he did not want to write lies to deceive the enemy. Instead, From 1941 to 1943, Lewis spoke on religious programmes broadcast by the BBC from London while the city was under periodic air raids. These broadcasts were appreciated by civilians and servicemen at that stage. For as Air Chief Marshal Sir Donald Hardman wrote:
ellauri262.html on line 189: The youthful Alistair Cooke was less impressed, and in 1944 described "the alarming vogue of Mr. C.S. Lewis" as an example of how wartime tends to "spawn so many quack religions and Messiahs". The broadcasts were anthologized in Mere Christianity.
ellauri262.html on line 191: Alistair Cooke KBE (born Alfred Cooke; 20 November 1908 – 30 March 2004) was a British-American writer whose work as a journalist, television personality and radio broadcaster was done primarily in the United States. In reporting on the Montgomery bus boycott, begun by Rosa Parks and led by Martin Luther King, Cooke expressed sympathy for the economic costs imposed on the city bus company and referred to Mrs. Parks as "the stubborn woman who started it all ... to become the Paul Revere of the boycott." He achieved his greatest popularity in the United States in this role, becoming the subject of many parodies, including "Alistair Cookie" in Sesame Street ("Alistair Cookie" was also the name of a clay animated cookie-headed spoof character created by Will Vinton as the host of a video trailer for The Little Prince and Friends).
ellauri262.html on line 194: In later life, Lewis corresponded with Joy Davidman Gresham, an American writer of Jewish background, a former Communist, and a convert from atheism to Christianity. She was separated from her alcoholic and abusive husband, novelist William L. Gresham, and came to England with her two sons, David and Douglas.
ellauri262.html on line 196: Lewis continued to raise Gresham's two sons after her death. Douglas Gresham is a Christian like Lewis and his apostate mother, while David Gresham turned to his mother's ancestral faith, becoming Orthodox Jewish in his beliefs. His mother's writings had featured the Jews in an unsympathetic manner, particularly on "shohet" (ritual slaughterer). David informed Lewis that he was going to become a ritual slaughterer to present this type of Jewish religious functionary to the world in a more favourable light. In a 2005 interview, Douglas Gresham acknowledged that he and his brother were not close, although they had corresponded via email.
ellauri262.html on line 198: David died on 25 December 2014.[66] In 2020, Douglas revealed that his brother had died at a Swiss mental hospital, and that when David was a young man he had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. So there!
ellauri262.html on line 200: Media coverage of Lewis's death was almost completely overshadowed by news of the assassination of John F. Kennedy, which occurred on the same day (approximately 55 minutes following Lewis's collapse), as did the death of English writer Aldous Huxley, author of Brave New World.
ellauri262.html on line 202: Lewis was a prolific writer, and his circle of literary friends became an informal discussion society known as the "Inklings", including J. R. R. Tolkien, Nevill Coghill, Lord David Cecil, Charles Williams, Owen Barfield, and his brother Warren Lewis.
ellauri262.html on line 206: The Space Trilogy (also called the Cosmic Trilogy or Ransom Trilogy) dealt with what Lewis saw as the dehumanizing trends in contemporary science fiction. The first book, Out of the Silent Planet, was apparently written following a conversation with his friend J. R. R. Tolkien about these trends. Lewis agreed to write a "space travel" story and Tolkien a "time travel" one, but Tolkien never completed "The Lost Road", linking his Middle-earth to the modern world. Lewis's main character Elwin Ransom is based in part on Tolkien, a fact to which Tolkien alludes in his letters.
ellauri262.html on line 213: Lewis's last novel, Till We Have Faeces, a retelling of the myth of Cupid and Psyche, was published in 1956. Although Lewis called it "far and away my best book," it was not as well-reviewed as his previous work. It is a retelling of the myth of Cupid and Psyche from the unusual perspective of Psyche's sister Peg. Mere Christianity was voted best book of the 20th century by Christianity Today in 2000.
ellauri262.html on line 302: The author of the bestselling fantasy novel The Lord of the Rings, J. R. R. Tolkien, was orphaned as a boy, his father dying in South Africa and his mother in England a few years later. He was brought up by his guardian, a Catholic priest, Father Francis Xavier Morgan, and educated at male-only grammar schools and then Exeter College, Oxford, which at that time had only male students. He joined the British Army's Lancashire Fusiliers and saw the horror of trench warfare, with life as an officer made more bearable by the support of a male batman or servant. After the war he became a professor of English Language at the University of Leeds, and then at the University of Oxford, where he taught at Pembroke College. At Oxford, he created an all-male literary group with another Oxford professor of English, C. S. Lewis, called the Inklings.
ellauri262.html on line 304: Tolkien held conservative views about women, stating that men were active in their professions while women were inclined to domestic life. While defending the role of women in The Lord of the Rings, the scholar of children's literature Melissa Hatcher wrote that "Tolkien himself, in reality, probably was the stodgy sexist Oxford professor that feminist scholars paint him out to be".
ellauri262.html on line 382: Lordi Peter on Denverin herttuan nuorempi veli ja hänet kuvataan romaaneissa stereotyyppisenä varakkaana englantilaisena aristokraattina, jonka harrastuksiin kuuluu inkunaabeleiden keräily. Romaaneissa eletään maailmansotien välistä aikaa, jolloin Wimsey on noin 40-vuotias. Hänen valokuvaamista harrastava kamaripalvelijansa ja entinen sotakaverinsa Bunter toimii hänen apunaan rikosten selvittämisessä. Wimseytä auttaa myös usein hänen ystävänsä Charles Parker Scotland Yardista. Edmund Wilson expressed his distaste for Wimsey in his criticism of The Nine Tailors: "There was also a dreadful stock English nobleman of the casual and debonair kind, with the embarrassing name of Lord Peter Wimsey, and, although he was the focal character in the novel ... I had to skip a good deal of him, too." Tämä kuvitteellinen henkilö on tynkä.
ellauri262.html on line 396: Sayers, an only child, was born on 13 June 1893 at the Headmaster's House on Brewer Street in Oxford. She was the daughter of Helen Mary Leigh and her husband, the Rev. Henry Sayers. Her mother was a daughter of Frederick Leigh, a solicitor whose family roots were in the landed gentry in the Isle of Wight, and had been born at "The Chestnuts", Millbrook, Hampshire. Her father, originally from Littlehampton, West Sussex, was a chaplain of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, and headmaster of Christ Church Cathedral School.
ellauri262.html on line 398: When Sayers was six, her father started teaching her Latin.[4] She grew up in the tiny village of Bluntisham in Huntingdonshire after her father was given the living there as rector of Bluntisham-cum-Earith. The church graveyard next to the elegant Regency-style rectory features the surnames of several characters from her mystery The Nine Tailors. She was inspired by her father's restoration of the Bluntisham church bells in 1910. The nearby River Great Ouse and the Fens invite comparison with the book's vivid description of a massive flood around the village.
ellauri262.html on line 400: Sayers's first book was poetry and was published in 1916 as OP. by Blackwell Publishing in Oxford. Her second book of poems, "Catholic Tales and Christian Songs", was published in 1918, also by Blackwell.
ellauri262.html on line 402: Sayers's longest employment was from 1922 to 1931 as a copywriter at an advertising agency.
ellauri262.html on line 403: As an advertiser, Sayers's collaboration with artist John Gilroy resulted in "The Mustard Club" for Colman's Mustard and the Guinness "Zoo" advertisements, variations of which still appear today. One example was the Toucan, his bill arching under a glass of Guinness, with Sayers's jingle:
ellauri262.html on line 414: In 1920 Sayers entered into a passionate though unconsummated romance with Jewish Russian émigré and Imagist poet John Cournos, who moved in London literary circles with Ezra Pound and his contemporaries. Sayers did not consummate her relationship with him unmarried, due to her religious beliefs. Cournos disdained monogamy and marriage, did not want children and was dedicated to free love.[53] He also considered crime writing, which Sayers had started, to be low brow, though he assisted her with aspects of publication.[54] Within two years their relationship had broken up when he insisted on consummation with birth control. Returning to New York, he soon married a crime writer who had two children. This left Sayers embittered that he had not held to his own principles, feeling that he had been testing her, pushing her to sacrifice her own beliefs in submission to his own. He later confessed that he would have happily married Sayers if she had submitted to his sexual demands. After a period of heated correspondence, they concluded with more amicable missives after she met her future husband.
ellauri262.html on line 418: On 3 January 1924, at the age of 30, Sayers secretly gave birth to an illegitimate son, John Anthony (later surnamed Fleming). John Anthony, "Tony", was given into care with her aunt and cousin, Amy and Ivy Amy Shrimpton, and passed off as her nephew to family and friends. Details of these circumstances were revealed in a letter from Mrs White to her daughter Valerie, Tony's half-sister, in 1958 after Sayers's death. Tony was raised by the Shrimptons and was sent to a good boarding school. In 1935 he was legally adopted by Sayers and her then husband "Mac" Fleming.
ellauri262.html on line 422: After publishing her first two detective novels, Sayers married Captain Oswald Atherton "Mac" Fleming, a Scottish journalist whose professional name was "Atherton Fleming". The wedding took place on 13 April 1926 (Dot was 33 and Mac 45) at Holborn Register Office, London. Fleming was divorced with two daughters.
ellauri262.html on line 424: Fleming died on 9 June 1950, at Sunnyside Cottage (now 24 Newland Street), Witham, Essex, after a decade of severe illnesses. Sayers died suddenly of a coronary thrombosis on 17 December 1957 at the same little flat, aged 64. Sayers was a friend of C. S. Lewis and several of the other Inklings. On some occasions Sayers joined Lewis at meetings of the Socratic Club. Lewis said he read The Man Born to Be King every Easter, but he said he was unable to appreciate detective stories. J. R. R. Tolkien read some of the Wimsey novels but scorned the later ones, such as Gaudy Night. Se oli varmaan liian nenäkäs.
ellauri262.html on line 429: Sayers was greatly influenced by G. K. Chesterton, fellow detective fiction novelist, essayist, critic, among other things, commenting that, "I think, in some ways, G.K.’s books have become more a part of my mental make-up than those of any writer you could name.” n 2022, Sayers was officially added to the Episcopal Church liturgical calendar with a feast day on 17 December.
ellauri262.html on line 473: No not yet, he says that what is good for God may not be good for us. But then he is not our friend, is he? Well he knows best what is good for us, he is our father, and we are his servants. Aha, well I can relate to that. An angry nacissistic psychopathic God does indeed fill the bill. This may hurt a bit, but wait a while, on the other side of the stone you see what this pain was for. You can't enjoy to the hilt unless you feel a bit of pain at first. Sado-masochism, you see.
ellauri262.html on line 475: Lewis starts off by asking why humans need so much castigation. Immediately he shares the Christian answer that humans have used free will to become very bad. Remember the clandestine fucking behind the apple tree! Though it wasn't the fucking as such but disobedience. The only guy that is allowed to be proud in Eden is its owner. Fucking with the snake was just a test. You FAILED! Put your pants on! Free will was not meant for you to do what you want, but to obey so it hurts! Misguided fucking made man an animal, the rest is biology. Man, as a species, spoiled his pants.
ellauri262.html on line 489: Different ages excelled in different virtues. Other times might have been more courageous or chaste but God was not content with them, so why should he be content with us who fuck and run away.
ellauri262.html on line 502: Well he saw that was what was going to happen, being omniscient, or what? So why bother? Why cry over spilt milk? Why not stop the experiment and start again? Well, maybe this is just what he is doing now. Elephants are coming with sheep on their heads as wigs. Enough, I'm gonna close this zoo.
ellauri262.html on line 603: During the interview Mr Cleese also denied that the Life of Brian film, which was banned in some countries after being accused of blasphemy, was anti-Christian.
ellauri262.html on line 605: Mr Cleese said: “Life of Brian was never an attack on religion, which is what some people seem to pretend it was.
ellauri262.html on line 606: “It was an attack on how people hold religious beliefs, an attack on what I would call intolerance and narrow mindedness.”
ellauri262.html on line 611: During his life C.S. Lewis was clear that the famous lion, who appears in all seven Narnia books, was based on Christ.
ellauri262.html on line 615: In September Mr Pullman revealed that he will use his latest book, The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ, to say that Jesus was not God but instead claim the Apostle Paul imagined the idea.
ellauri263.html on line 306: The First Temple built by King Solomon was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BCE, and the population of the Kingdom of Judah was sent into the Babylonian exile. According to the Bible, the First Temple's destruction began on the 7th of Av (2 Kings 25:8) and continued until the 10th (Jeremiah 52:12). According to the Talmud, the actual destruction of the Temple began on the Ninth of Av, and it continued to burn throughout the Tenth of Av.
ellauri263.html on line 308: The Second Temple built by Ezra and Nehemiah was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE, scattering the people of Judea and commencing the Jewish exile from the Holy Land.
ellauri263.html on line 335: Various Modern Orthodox and Conservative rabbits have proposed amending Nachem, as its wording no longer reflects the existence of a rebuilt Jerusalem under Israeli sovereignty. Chief Rabbit Shlomo Goren, for example, issued a revised wording of the prayer and Rabbit Hayim David HaLevi proposed putting the prayer's verbs relating to the Temple's destruction into the past tense. However, such proposals have not been widely adopted. Following the Six-Day War, the national religious community viewed Israel's territorial conquests with almost messianic overtones. The conquest of geographical areas with immense religious significance, including Jerusalem, the Western Wall, and the Temple Mount, was seen as portentous; however, only the full rebuilding of the Temple would engender enough reason to cease observing the day as one of mourning and transform it into a day of joy instead. The re-occupation of the Gaza strip is surely a source of joy, as well as annihilating philistines of the West Bank.
ellauri263.html on line 341: No washing or bathing;
ellauri263.html on line 369: Israel’s biggest TV hit series returns to our screens this week, opening with Israel’s biggest nightmare. The second series of Fauda, the political thriller about an Israeli army undercover unit, begins with a bomb explosion at a bus stop. But it gets worse, as it turns out the attack wasn’t ordered by Hamas, but by a new menace – a returnee from Syria who has been training with Islamic State.
ellauri263.html on line 389: Claims by Raz that writing the series was his real therapy, after suffering with PTSD, help locate Fauda in an Israeli genre dubbed “shooting and crying” – laments over the effect of wars on the morality and sanity of Israelis fighting them. But Fauda is different. Let’s call it “viewing while cursing”, into which category we can also place the US hit series Homeland Security.
ellauri263.html on line 423: As in most contracts made between two parties, there are mutual obligations, conditions and terms of reciprocity for such a contract to hold up as good. Thus said R. Yannai: "The conditions written in a ketubah, [when breached], are tantamount to [forfeiture of] the ketubah." A woman who denies coitus unto her husband, a condition of the ketubah, was considered legal grounds for forfeiture of her marriage contract, with the principal and additional jointure being written off.
ellauri263.html on line 449: Hebron is considered one of the oldest cities in the Levant. According to the Bible, Abraham settled in Hebron and bought the Cave of the Patriarchs as a burial place for his wife Sarah. Biblical tradition holds that the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, along with their wives Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah, were buried in the cave. Hebron is also recognized in the Bible as the place where David was anointed king of Israel. Following the Babylonian captivity, the Edomites settled in Hebron. During the first century BCE, Herod the Great built the wall which still surrounds the Cave of the Patriarchs, which later became a church, and then a mosque. With the exception of a brief Crusader control, successive Muslim dynasties ruled Hebron from the 6th century CE until the Ottoman Empire's dissolution following World War I, when the city became part of British Mandatory Palestine. A massacre in 1929 and the Arab uprising of 1936–39 led to the emigration of the Jewish community from Hebron. The 1948 Arab–Israeli War saw the entire West Bank, including Hebron, occupied and annexed by Jordan, and since the 1967 Six-Day War, the city has been under Israeli military occupation. Following Israeli occupation, Jewish presence was reestablished at the city. Since the 1997 Hebron Protocol, most of Hebron has been governed by the Palestinian National Authority.
ellauri263.html on line 616: The book is a comedy about the birth of the son of Satan and the coming of the End Times. There are attempts by the angel Aziraphale and the demon Crowley to sabotage the coming of the end times, having grown accustomed to their comfortable surroundings in England. One subplot features a mixup at the small country hospital on the day of birth and the growth of the Antichrist, Adam, who grows up with the wrong family, in the wrong country village. Another subplot concerns the summoning of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, each a big personality in their own right. With Armageddon averted, Crowley and Aziraphale muse that this was God's plan all along and speculate that the real apocalyptic conflict will be between humanity and the combined forces of Heaven and Hell. In 2003, the novel was listed at number 68 on the BBC's survey The Big Read.
ellauri263.html on line 620: Aleister Crowley (/ˈælɪstər ˈkroʊli/; born Edward Alexander Crowley; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947) who was an English occultist, philosopher, ceremonial magician, poet, painter, novelist, and mountaineer. He founded the religion of Thelema, identifying himself as the prophet entrusted with guiding humanity into the Æon of Horus in the early 20th century. A prolific writer, he published widely over the course of his miserable life.
ellauri263.html on line 626: Almost 600 (!) biographies have been written of Blavatsky, but the details of her life, especially the years 1848–1873, remain sketchy all the same. Most of the authors have been either devoted disciples or sharply critical adversaries. Some interesting and well-documented facts, however, can be determined. She was born to a noble Russian family in present-day Ukraine, married at 17, ran away only months later, traveled widely and spent time in Cairo, among many other places, where she supported herself as a medium size sex doll.
ellauri263.html on line 628: Blavatsky was often perceived as a quite vulgar and coarse person. She swore profusely, dressed garishly, and had a strong sense of irreverent humor. Her New York study was decorated with a stuffed baboon wearing white collars, cravats and spectacles, carrying a manuscript bundle under his arm labeled ‘The Descent of the Species’ (Blavatsky rejected Darwin’s ideas about man being descended from apes). She liked a benevolent snake, though she said there was hardly no woman in her character.
ellauri263.html on line 655: the Theosophical Society under Annie Besant’s leadership (1907–1933) was, at least in England, an important part of a loosely socialist and feminist political culture. Hyvä desantti! Olet idän tähti! Enola Holmes-sarjassa oli 1 episodi Besantista tulitikkutehtaalla, vaikkei sen nimeä kyllä mainittu.
ellauri263.html on line 663: The Theosophical Movement was founded in New York in 1875 with three main founders – Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Colonel Henry Steel Olcott, and William Quan Judge. From that moment and up until his death in 1907, Olcott remained the organisational leader and international president of the Society, which eventually moved its headquarters from the USA to Adyar in India.
ellauri263.html on line 669: “One of the most valuable effects of Upasika’s mission [Note: “Upasika” is a Buddhist term meaning “femakko” and was used by the Masters for HPB] is that it drives men to self-study and destroys in them blind servility for persons, sanoi 1 setämies. … Imperfect and very troublesome, no doubt, she proves to some, nevertheless, there is no likelihood of our finding a better one for years to come – and your theosophists should be made to understand it. … HPB has next to no concern with administrative details, and should be kept clear of them, so far as her strong nature can be controlled. But this you must tell to all: – With occult matters she has everything to do. We have not abandoned her; she is not ‘given over to chelas’. She is our direct agent. I warn you against permitting your suspicions and resentment against ‘her many follies’ to bias your intuitive loyalty to her. … Be assured that what she has not annotated from scientific and other works, we have given or suggested to her.
ellauri263.html on line 674: Col. Olcott ei ollut vakuuttunut vaan alkoi vehkeillä ennenkuin HPB oli ehtinyt kylmetä. In the April Theosophist Col. Olcott makes public what we have long known to be his private opinion – a private opinion hinted at through the pages of Old Diary Leaves – that H.P.B. was a fraud, a medium, and a forger of bogus messages from the Masters. This final ingrate’s blow is delivered in a Postscript to the magazine for which the presses were stopped. The hurry was so great that he could not wait another month before hurling the last handful of mud at his spiritual and material benefactor, our departed H.P.B. The next prominent person for whom we wait to make a similar public statement, has long made it privately. [Note: This sentence referred to Annie Besant.]
ellauri263.html on line 689: The ideology shared by the Old Tribe was remarkably simple: 'Wash your own dish', 'No one belongs to anyone else', 'Kerista is freedom and love'. Baristat käytti Ouija lautaa kuten Lassi ja Leevi. Starting with a few unwritten rules in 1971 to 26 standards in 1979, the social
ellauri263.html on line 693: After an arranged visit to Kerista by three professors, the New Tribe was criticized for not being egalitarian, notably in Bro Jud's dominance of many commune matters.
ellauri263.html on line 694: Kerista's polyamorous sexual practice was influenced by Robert A. Heinlein's (1907-88) science-fiction novel Stranger in a Strange Land (1961), in which the Martian-raised human Michael Valentine Smith founded The Church of All Worlds, preached sexual freedom and the truth of all religions, and is martyred by narrow-minded people who are not ready for freedom. Sukua myös Diskordianismille. Concordia res parvae crescunt, discordia maximae dilabuntur.
ellauri263.html on line 701: A few years ago, my partner at the time and I decided to see other people. It started as a breakup but eventually it turned into something else—an open relationship filled with a lot of love and ongoing commitment to each other as we began exploring dating and sleeping with other people. It was a very new experience for both of us, but it also just made sense for us with where we both were in our lives and in our relationship.
ellauri263.html on line 772: My partner and I made compersion an active practice, a skill that we both worked on together. It didn't really come naturally to either of us, but we supported each other as we tried to do it. Initially, it was basically a lot of mental gymnastics trying to reason out why we should be happy when the other person scored a hot date. Once you fully get why it doesn't make sense to feel jealous—i.e., your relationship is totally secure, and the presence of another person in your partner's life is not a threat to your relationship whatsoever—then you can start to disarm that alarm more easily whenever it goes off in your head.
ellauri264.html on line 53: The flotilla was publicly opposed by the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Canada, the Middle East Quartet (consisting of the EU, Russia, the United Nations, and the United States), and United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon. It was publicly supported by Hamas.
ellauri264.html on line 59: William Lewis Safire (/ˈsæfaɪər/; né Safir; December 17, 1929 – September 27, 2009), who was an American author, columnist, journalist, and presidential speechwriter. He was a long-time syndicated political columnist for The New York Times and wrote the "On Language" column in The New York Times Magazine about popular etymology, new or unusual usages, and other language-related topics.
ellauri264.html on line 97: Cayden decides to find his organs and helps a prostitute at a truck stop that is assaulted by two men. Then he steals the motorcycle of one of the men and later he stops at a bar where he meets the weird Wild Joe. The stranger identifies that Cayden is a wolf and gives the direction to Lupine Ridge. Soon Cayden learns that John is his uncle and his mother was raped by the local leader Connor. He also finds that he is a pure town wolf together with John, Angeline, Gail and two other inhabitants.
ellauri264.html on line 118: Gionet was born in Anchorage, Alaska, to a family of eight. His father is a pharmacist and his mother is a nurse. Both his parents are devout Christians who operate a non-profit organization aimed at promoting Christianity and providing medical supplies to orphanages in eastern Russia. During his formative years, Gionet was actively involved in his parents' charity and went to Russia with them numerous times. Five of his siblings were adopted from Russia. As an adolescent, Gionet spent a year and a half in the Russian city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. He later said that part of his "chaotic nature" may have stemmed from this experience.
ellauri264.html on line 122: Gionet attempted to promote his rap career by producing several professionally-made videos, which failed to become viral. From 2015 to 2016, Gionet worked for BuzzFeed as a social media strategist, and later commentator. He first managed BuzzFeed's Vine account, then took over one of its Twitter accounts. Pidin Timin laulusta jossa se haukkui somealustoja. Olin kaikesta sen kanssa samaa mieltä. He commented in 2017, "BuzzFeed turned me into a monster". In May 2016, Gionet was introduced to then-candidate Donald Trump, and Trump signed Gionet's arm next to where he had Trump's face tattooed.
ellauri264.html on line 124: In late 2016, conflict arose between Cernovich and Gionet when Gionet made antisemitic remarks on Twitter, claiming the media was "run in majority by Jewish people". Sehän kuulosti ihan nobelisti Romain Rollandilta.
ellauri264.html on line 130: A children's book appropriating the Pepe character, The Adventures of Pepe and Pede, advanced "racist, Islamophobic and hate-filled themes", The book's author, a vice-principal with the Denton Independent School District, was reassigned after the publicity. In January 2019, the video game Jesus Strikes Back: Judgment Day was released, which allows players to play as Pepe the Frog, among other figures, and murder various target groups including feminists, minorities, and liberals.
ellauri264.html on line 132: Kek", from "kekeke"/"ㅋㅋㅋ", a Korean onomatopoeia of laughter used similarly to "LOL", is the Korean equivalent of the English "haha". Bet it comes from Aristophanes' Frogs' refrain kerekekex koax koax. Or else they both come from Esoteric Kekism, also called "the Cult of Kek", is a parody religion worshipping Pepe the Frog, which sprang from the similarity of the slang term for laughter, "kek", and the name of the ancient Egyptian frog god of darkness, Kek. Kekistan is a fictional country created by 4chan members that has become a political meme and online movement. The flag of Kekistan was carried by supporters of Donald Trump during the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol.
ellauri264.html on line 140: Interestingly perhaps, many of these top extremists have rather marginal white identity. No wasps, to put it politically correctly. Groypers and their leaders have tried to position the group's ideology as being based around "Christian conservatism", "traditional values", and "American nationalism". Despite attempts to brand themselves more moderately, the group is widely recognized as white nationalist, antisemitic, and homophobic.
ellauri264.html on line 158: Wired's Amos Barshad wrote that while there was likely still reactions of a racist and homophobic nature targeting the show, the main complaints were for it addressing diversity issues in a "flat, one-note manner", and that the portrayal of Velma's bisexuality had divided fans.
ellauri264.html on line 159: Lakshmi Srinivas, a professor of Asian American studies (another Indian lady) at the University of Massachusetts, felt that Kaling was being held to unfair standards as one of the few leading Asian figures in the entertainment industry.
ellauri264.html on line 168: Its edginess comes at the expense of its own characters and punishes the audience for being invested. Like a certain Mystery Inc. member rummaging around in the dark for her glasses, the series is unfocused, confused, and desperately lost. In the original, there were just 2 races, white termite ape and dog. You knew where everything was at.
ellauri264.html on line 175: The show is so r@cis7 I can't believe it. This show was atrocious. This is a show that hates Scooby Doo.
ellauri264.html on line 184: that Noach [Noah] received from the dove were made into virgin olive oil. The oil was given to
ellauri264.html on line 189: these jars was the oil from Noah's ark. Jacob prophetically hid this oil at the site of the Holy
ellauri264.html on line 197: “do not take more than is destined for them from Hashem… That which is not created for this specific person is like stolen property when they are in possession of it, and thus [the righteous are careful] not to take possession of it. Conversely, property that is assigned to and created for them is very precious to them—so much so that our patriarch Jacob risked his life for his property. Thus ...it was said in the name of the Yehudi Hakadosh: a righteous person is obligated to enjoy an object which is fitting for him even if it means risking his life. That is why Jacob-- who knew that the small vessels were his, appropriated by him, and created for him—risked his life to save them.”