ellauri339.html on line 134: Tavaraliikenne Venäjän ja Suomen välillä neljän tarkastuspisteen kautta lakkaa käytännössä 18.11., Suomen tulli varoitti. Tavarajunat jatkavat kuitenkin liikennöintiä Vainikkalan aseman kautta.
ellauri343.html on line 269: 18. toukokuuta innostunut Bobi saapui Sortavalaan, mutta kuuli itse paikalla, ettei tilanne kehittynytkään poliittisesti suotuisasti. Sivén kotiutui Sortavalaan ja alkoi tutustua karjalaisuuteen. Sivén luki Sortavalassa seuraavat teokset: Martti Pihkalan Minkälainen Suomi meidän on luotava?, Ilmari Kiannon Vienan kansan kohtalossa I. K. Inhan Inhaa kansallista itsetutkiskelua ja Gustave Le Bonin sosiaalipsykologinen Joukkosielu.
ellauri360.html on line 350: Tulinpa vihdoin lukaisseexi Ritva Rouhunkosken toimittaman Reissu-Lassi Hiekkalan matkakertomuxen Saxan ja Tanskan matkalta 1922 maailmansotain välissä. Lassi kävi kansakoulun ja kansakoulunopettajaseminaarin ja oli sixi aina vähän katkera "ylioppilaille". Liian mukavat on niillä täällä oltavat! Ottaisivat mallia Saxasta, jossa kulkevat ryysyissä ja elättävät ize izensä volttikuskeina.
ellauri362.html on line 143: Darcy pyytää isältä herra Bennetiltä Elizabethin kättä. Isä ei voi uskoa sitä. Ottaako minun Lizzy tuollaisen kylmän kapakalan? Kymppitonni vuodessa sinne tai tänne..
ellauri362.html on line 157: Hänen romaaninsa ovat pikemminkin keskusteluromaaneja kuin toimintaromaaneja; Itse asiassa Peacock on niin paljon kiinnostuneempi siitä, mitä hänen hahmonsa sanovat toisilleen kuin siitä, mitä he tekevät toisilleen, että hän esittää usein kokonaisia romaaneja dialogin muodossa. Platonin symposium on näiden teosten kirjallinen esi-isä Athenaeuksen deipnosofien kautta, jossa keskustelu ei koske niinkään korkeatasoisia filosofisia teemoja kuin viinaa ja kalanhajuisia vekottimia. Toiminta alkaa vasta kun kaikki ovat umpitunnelissa.
ellauri372.html on line 214: Kolbesta on olemassa ensiluokkaisia jäänteitä hänen päänsä ja parran karvojen muodossa, ja niitä säilyttivät hänen tietämättään kaksi niepokalanówin munkkia, jotka palvelivat hänen luostarissaan parturina vuosina 1930-1941. Hänen autuaaksi julistamisen jälkeen vuonna 1971, yli 1 000 tällaista jäännettä (enimmäxeen partatupsukoita) on jaettu ympäri maailmaa julkista kunnioitusta varten. Toisen luokan pyhäinjäännöksiä, kuten hänen henkilökohtaiset tavaransa, vaatteet ja likaiset sukat, säilytetään hänen luostarissaan ja Niepokalanówin kappelissa, jossa vierailijat voivat kunnioittaa niitä.
ellauri374.html on line 482: Tshuvassian tilanne on Venäjän vähemmistökansallisuuksien näkökulmasta sangen erilainen kuin vaikkapa Marinmaan, arvioi tshuvassi Eduard Fomin. Marien tukalan aseman hän sanoo tuntevansa sangen hyvin, mutta Tshuvassiassa ei onneksi ole esiintynyt samanlaista painostusta eikä sananvapauden loukkauksia. Sen sijaan tshuvassin kielen asema erityisesti netissä kaipaa jatkuvasti vahvistamista. Peijaxessa tuli telkkarista paljon saamea. Saamelaiskäräjien vaalit joudutaan uusimaan. Stop the steal!
ellauri378.html on line 171: Rasul Gamzatovitš Gamzatov (ven. Расу́л Гамза́тович Гамза́тов, avaariksi Расул XIамзатов, Rasul Hamzatov; 8. syyskuuta 1923 Dagestanin Hunzahin piirin Tsadan kylä – 3. marraskuuta 2003 Moskova) oli avaarilainen runoilija. Ensimmäinen runokokoelma Hasratab rokigi borkarab tstsingi (”Palava rakkaus ja polttava viha”) ilmestyi toisen maailmansodan aikana vuonna 1943. Gamzatovin kaksi vanhempaa veljeä kaatui sodassa kuin 2 nostokurkea. Hänelle on myönnetty Dagestanin kansanrunoilijan ja sosialistisen työn sankarin arvonimet, neljä Leninin ja useita muita kunniamerkkejä sekä neuvostoliittolaisia ja kansainvälisiä kirjallisuuspalkintoja. Runoilija on haudattu Mahatškalaan vaimonsa Patimatin viereen. He saivat siellä kolme tytärtä. Mahatškalan lentoasema on lentokentistä merkittävin.
xxx/ellauri013.html on line 411: Leukavasti laukaistu. Mut mikä avuksi? Bertin miälest parhaita parannuksia aatteista oli veljeys, vapaus, tasa-arvo ja hallitus. Varsinkin viimeinen. Juttuun putkahtaa liberaalin mielisana ihannointi. Rousseau yritti turhaan ihannoida anarkiaa, se ei käy, koska se ei vaan toimi. Laahusta pitää käskyttää, ne on tyhmiä. Maailmanhallitus USAn johdolla on ainut mikä toimii. Tää on ihan samaa saarnaa kuin nyt yli puoli vuosisataa myöhemmin toisella globaaliliberaalilla, kalansilmä Hararilla.
xxx/ellauri027.html on line 1261: autokilpailujen ja tonnikalan kalastuxen avulla.
xxx/ellauri076.html on line 45: Eichmann tunnusti sotarikoxensa samalla viikolla kuin Claudia istui Panhardin pepulla Epocan kannessa. Hannah Arendt raportoi oikeudenkäynnistä New Yorker-lehdessä. Saku Palje teki pilkkaa sen entisestä naziheilasta. Ne oli aikoja. Hannakin on aika näpsäkkä typy. Kuin myös Schnizelin ja Unorthodoxin Shira Haas. Claudiassa on joissakin kuvissa vähän Hiekkalan Pirkon näköä. Siitä huolimatta, tai ehkä sixi, se on hyvin kaunis, vaikkei suorastaan juuri mun tyyppinen. Mä diggaan enempi blondeja, Brigitte Bardotin tyylisiä hunajapupuja.
xxx/ellauri081.html on line 508: Selvitymisohjelman ämmä kertoi että oli oppinut tappamaan kalan omin käsin. Vedä ämmä naama ruttuun ja tee lyhkösellä laiturilla pitkä kävely. Se ei ollut hauskaa. Mutta Jack Benny ja Mel Brooks omalla tavallaan oikeastaan olivat ammoisella 50-luvulla.
xxx/ellauri084.html on line 193: Yxi tuohtunut professori maalasi Kemiyhtiön patoon umpimezässä siistejä kalan kuvia ja luonnon raiskauxen vastaisia iskulauseita. Hän sai 40 päiväsakkoa ja 10k korvausvelvoitteen yhtiölle koituneesta kivusta ja särystä. Näin täällä oikeutta jyvitetään, se näät on sokea kuin kana.
xxx/ellauri091.html on line 714: Pietari sai kalansaaliita. Harmi ettei tullut kala-ansa mukaan. Sit oli joku Alvari kananvahti. En ymmärtänyt mitä sellainen teki. No vahti kanoja.
xxx/ellauri104.html on line 1008: Kimmo Hoikkalan Uusi Suomi -plokissa pääsevät miehet ääneen. Siellä ollaan ehkä hulluja muttei pahoja.
xxx/ellauri113.html on line 554: Dinosaurien pehmytkudoxet voi säilyä miljooniakin vuosia jos ne on saaneet jotain säilöntäaineita kuten rautaa tai formaldehydiä. Tästä löytyy netistä kyllä selityxiä, jos vaivautuisi lukemaan, mutta Pekasta ne on naurettavia. Pekka on aika naurusuu. Ei pitäis päättää lopputulosta ennenkuin alkaa tutkia. Se on epistä. Tai että talitiaiset on polveutuneet hirmuliskoista, se on Pekan mielestä ihan tärähtänyttä, koska T.Rex on iso ja pelottava, T.Tiainen on pieni ja säälittävä. No jos on etukäteen päättänyt mikä on mahdollista, niin ei se sitten ole. Tiedätkö kuka on herra joka on sen kaiken tehnyt, ja mistä sen käsi on kehittynyt? Leijonakuninkaan pentu vastaa: tiedän kyllä, se on Jeesus (häh? Sehän oli sen isä, Jehu?) ja sen käsi on kehittynyt kalan eväpiikeistä. Jeesuxen brändikin on kala, ichthys, muistattehan! Ihminen on tehnyt omasta järjestään epäjumalan. No siitä ei voi syyttää Pekka Reinikaista, sen järkeä ei kukaan voisi luulla edes pienexi epäjumalaxi. Small gods. Kaikki ihmisjärkeilyt on hylättävä, sanoo Pekka, ja on se kyllä hylännytkin.
xxx/ellauri116.html on line 251: Nemi on oikeassa kantaessaan ikuista kaunaa vanhoille paskiaisille. Älä hellitä! Heitä niitä vesi-ilmapaillolla! Tee niille frogarit rapussa! Mene vaikka paskantamaan niiden haudalle! Narsisti ei unohda koskaan kärsimäänsä loukkausta. Ja vielä yxi asia. Huumekauppiaat sais jauhaa kalanruuaxi.
xxx/ellauri126.html on line 43: Lähdet paikan päälle pällistelemään, mikä moisen mekkalan aiheuttaa ja todellakin olet valmis myös avaamaan suusi, jos se on tarpeen. 4%
xxx/ellauri130.html on line 760: Tohon Einarin karamelliin loppui tämä osasto. Tommilla on iso kasa julkkisten viimeisiä sanoja. Nehän ei ole mitään aforismeja, eikä ne ole mitenkään vaikuttavia, pikemminkin naurettavia. Ne antaa vaikutelman että kuolemassa ei ole mitään suurta eikä jaloa, se on vaan hölmön toikkaroinnin päätöshölmöys. Tää on ehkä suurin ero Vaakun ja Tommin approacheissa. Vaakku panostaa enemmän taiteelliseen vaikutelmaan naama peruslukemilla, Tommilla on enimmäxeen kieli poskessa. Sen dundeelliset pätkät on vaan mainostaukoja julkimoiden tositeeveen välissä. Noi epigrammit hautakivillä on aivan ilmeisesti feikkejä. Vaakku käsittelee asioita ikuisuuden näkökulmasta kuten Spinoza, Hannu antaa vainajille lyhytnäköisemmin mutta trendaavammin Andy Warholin varttitunnin tai vielä vähemmän, kultakalan 8 sek.
xxx/ellauri139.html on line 234: Jotain jönsistynyttä Tanakkalan habituxessa kyllä on.
xxx/ellauri170.html on line 702: Nestori Nestori nepikkalan Nee / kylällä tyttöjä hurmailee. Nestori oli mun kuminen tai ehkä muovinen lelujänis. Nestori oli myös kirkkoisä, joka väitti että Jeesus oli pantu ihan arkisella tavalla mutta oli inkarnoitunut sitten vähän myöhemmin, ehkä ferulavaiheessa. No tälläselle tirkistelylle pantiin toppi konsiilissa ja Nestori sai potkut kirkkoisän paikasta. Se sai tyhjentää pöytänsä ja palauttaa pelikonsolin.
xxx/ellauri177.html on line 340: On se kumma kun loppupeleissä se on aina muka narttu joka raiskaa koirasparan. Kaikki on ton ämmän vika mitä oli niin houkutteleva! Olis ollut rumempi ryppysempi ja läskimpi! Pakkoko oli panna noin paljastavia vaatteita? Olis edes pierassut. Pannut vastaan eikä maannut kalana. Takonut pienellä nyrkillä. Oma vika pikku sika.
xxx/ellauri186.html on line 360: Dagania tai Dagonia palvoivat myös kanaanilaiset. Dagania palvottiin lisäksi Mesopotamiassa. Useat Akkadin ja Babylonian kuninkaat kuten Hammurabi ja Assurnasirpal II julistivat olevansa Dagonin poikia. Vanhassa testamentissa Dagon on filistealaisten pääjumala (Tuomarien kirja 16:23). Simson tuhoaa Daganin temppelin Gazassa kaatamalla sen kaksi pylvästä. Dagan on saattanut olla lisäksi meren jumala, ja hänet esitettiin kalanpyrstöisenä. Hänen nimensä merkitsee ”tähkä” mutta israelilaiset sekoittivat sen heprean kielen sanaan dag (kala) – tästä johtuvat kuvat kalanpyrstöisestä jumalasta. On kuitenkin epäselvää, ovatko Dagan ja Dagon sama jumala. Ido Dagan oli söpön punatukkaisen Ulriken kalansilmäinen juutalainen kolleega IBM:llä. Siitä tuli Hararin näköinen iso kala tietokonelingvistiikan alalla.
xxx/ellauri187.html on line 42: Maailma palaa, isoäiti harjaa ainoata hiustaan. Palaan haaskalle kuin koira oxennuxelle eli pilkkaamaan ruipeloa Rainer Rilkeä. Herätteen tähän antoi Philip Rothin Tissi, joka loppuu allamainittuun Rilken homovaikutteiseen törsörunoon. Rilkestä on jo pitkät pätkät panettelua albumissa 50. Se vaikuttaa sietämättömältä juipilta, kalansilmäinen vakavalärvä, napanöyhtää mutustava narsisti. Mikä ei tietystikään estänyt sitä kirjoittamasta vaikuttavaa runojalkaa. Pikemminkin päinvastoin.
xxx/ellauri208.html on line 1002: Eiku käsikranut käteen ja pesismailojen kanssa Karjalaan pelaamaan Tahko Pihkalan kansallispeliä. Siellä 60-luvun tankit jo odottavat rajalla. Takana länttä ja Eurooppaa, varjelen vartija sitä.
xxx/ellauri212.html on line 382: Q: Mitä mieltä olet Iltalehden sisällöstä ja käytettävyydestä? A: Käytettävyys oli paperisena parempi, kelpasi kalan kääreexi, saunan sytykkeexi, perseen pyyhintään ja koiranpennun alle.
xxx/ellauri215.html on line 236: Psykopaateilla on keskim. enemmän kersoja kuin normaaleilla. Ne ovat lipeviä ja keskittyvät pääasiaan nim. saamaan kamat pussiin. Ne noudattavat kalan lisääntymisstrategiaa. The more the merrier, vitun väliä kuinka niille sitten käy. Eihän niistä edes tiedä ovatko ne omia.
xxx/ellauri215.html on line 488: Hämärässä kazomossa naiset pureskelee kynsiään ja haistelevat sormiaan. Mixi amer. naiset ottaa suihin useammin kuin amer. miehet lipsuu piirakkaa? Sas se! Sehän on mukavaa! Mukavampaa oikeastaan kuin poskeen veto. Ei muna kuitenkaan poskeen uppoa kuin vähän kärjestä, tai tulee yökkireflexi. Naaman voi sensijaan haudata pimpsaan aika syvälle. Ja tuoxut ovat hyvät! Se ei todellakaan ole mikään chore, niinkuin joku imurointi. Opportunistisessa panossa huoli naisen onnesta on aivan mitätön. Tämäkin on darwinistisesti mielekästä: termiittiapinat on pienistä munapusseista, penixen jättikoosta ja sen yxinkertaisesta pamppumuodosta päättäen pääasiassa monogaameja. Raiskaus on vaan kiva kalan strategian motivoima ylläri. Normixesti ihmispennut tarvii väh. 2 hoitajaa. Houkuttavan iso pippeli auttaa pitämään partnerin kotisohvalla.
xxx/ellauri230.html on line 126: Siitä huolimatta, että tämä on kuva kaukaa haetuista fantasiasta voimakkaine volyymeineen ja loistavine väreineen, se antaa kuitenkin elävän tunteen siitä, että olemme kohtauksen suoria todistajia, kun lonkerot näyttävät luisuvan ja vääntelevän katseemme edessä. Sukellusnainen, joka luovuttaa kehonsa mustekalan lutkutettavaxi saadakseen mahtiorkut, saattaa aluksi näyttää "elottomalta, kuin ruumiilta", mutta itse asiassa hän on lähes menettänyt tajuntansa ilosta, jonka imuvoimainen olento antaa hänelle.
xxx/ellauri251.html on line 3334: Moni keskituloinenkin on joutunut tukalan talousyhtälön eteen, kun välttämättömät elinkustannukset ovat kohonneet paljon enemmän kuin niiden maksamiseen tarvittavia tuloja on kertynyt tilille.
xxx/ellauri252.html on line 354:
xxx/ellauri259.html on line 495: Miesten seksuaalisten tarpeiden täyttäminen ei ole naisten tai yhteiskunnan velvollisuus. Seksi ei ole kenenkään oikeus – vekottimesta itse määrääminen, turvallisuus ja elämä ilman väkivaltaa sen sijaan ovat. Ei Darwinkaan loppupeleissä välitä tuntuuko koirasapinasta hyvältä. Jos kalan geenit leviää ilman polkupyöriä, on se ratkaisuna yhtä toimiva.
xxx/ellauri265.html on line 139: – Olin tehnyt ex-mieheltäni kysymättä muutama vuosi aiemmin yhteisen päätöksen, että eroamme sitten, kun kalansilmäisen kuopuksemme Eugenion lakkiaiset ovat ohi.
xxx/ellauri281.html on line 471: Loiri oli elämänsä aikana naimisissa kolmesti, joista kaksi päättyi eroon. Miehen viidestä lapsesta kolme on enää elossa. Hänen ensimmäinen puolisonsa oli näyttelijä Tuula Nyman vuosina 1967–1969. Toinen puoliso oli Mona Loiri, joka kuoli vuonna 1977 auto-onnettomuudessa. Vesa-Matti ja Mona Loirin poika Jan kuoli 20-vuotiaana vuonna 1994, myös auto-onnettomuudessa. Kolmannen vaimonsa Riitta Loirin kanssa Vesa-Matilla on lapset Jenni (s. 1979) ja Joonas (1982–2019). Loiri oli kihloissa vuosina 1971–1972 malli Katja Peiposen kanssa ja vuosina 1989–1993 malli Marita Hakalan kanssa. Hakalan jälkeen Loiri oli avoliitossa itseään 23 vuotta nuoremman Stina Toljanderin kanssa. Loiri asui Toljanderin kanssa Helsingin Pakilassa. Heille syntyivät pojat Ukko (s. 1995) ja Sampo (s. 1996). Pariskunta erosi vuonna 1999. Loiri seurusteli myös muun muassa Lenita Airiston kanssa 1970-luvulla. Joonas kuoli Paulin ikäisenä, mihin, ei kerrota.
xxx/ellauri289.html on line 60: GAL står för Grön, Alternativ och Libertär/Libertariansk, medan TAN finns i skalans andra ände och står för Traditionell, Auktoritär och Nationalistisk. Skiljelinjen handlar i detta system inte om fördelningspolitik, utan om sociala och kulturella värden. HBL må försöka ge en GAL bild men på den ekonomiska värdeskalan är det nog så högt uppe på laissez faire skalan som fan. Jag slår vad att dom äter upp igen sina sk principer och sitter snart med persurna och samlagspartiet i en borgerlig blåsvart högerregering.
xxx/ellauri296.html on line 371: 1950-luku oli Suomen ja suomalaisten jälleenrakentamisen vuosikymmen. Suomi vaurastui, teollistui, kaupungistui ja kansainvälistyi. Viimeinen sotakorvausjuna ohitti Vainikkalan raja-aseman syyskuussa 1952. Muutamaa kuukautta aiemmin Suomi oli järjestänyt olympialaiset. Lenita Airisto kruunattiin Suomen Neidoksi 1954. Kilpailun järjesti Sotainvalidien veljesliitto, joka keräsi varoja sodassa vammautuneiden sotilaiden kuntouttamiseksi. Lenita Airistolle vuosikymmentä kuvaavat sotavammat, vastuunkanto ja kävyn vapaus.
xxx/ellauri298.html on line 70: Warteggin piirrostesti (Wartegg Zeichen Test) eli lyhennettynä WZT on projektiivisiin testeihin ja ilmaisuanalyysimenetelmiin kuuluva psykologinen testi, jota käytetään lähinnä persoonallisuuden arvioimiseen. Testin kehitti itävaltalais-saksalainen psykologi Ehrig Wartegg (1897-1983) Leipzigin yliopistossa 1930-luvulla. Sitä on käytetty Suomessa laajalti muun muassa ammatinvalinnanohjauksessa. Finnairin liikennelentäjiä testannut ja kouluttanut psykologi Manfred Gardziella laati testille omiin tulkintoihinsa perustuvan käsikirjan. Se poikkesi Työvoimahallinnon käyttämästä käsikirjasta, joka pohjautui Martti Takalan ja M. Hakkaraisen luomaan pisteistysjärjestelmään.
xxx/ellauri337.html on line 541: Vanha testamentti kertoo kymmenestä vitsauksesta. Niistä ensimmäisessä Niilin vesi muuttui vereksi. Tohtori Stephan Pflugmacher Leibnizin vesitalous- ja kalantutkimusinsituutista pitää syynä sitä, että kuivunut Niili muuttui otolliseksi punaisille leväkukinnoille.
xxx/ellauri361.html on line 137: - Porkkalan rannikkopatteriston ansiolevyke nro 102 12.6.1998
xxx/ellauri379.html on line 237: Nythän myös muovin vaikutuksesta vetäytyy ja taantuu ihminen, kaikkien perikatojen alkusyy ja arkkitehti. Miljardin kesykalan joukkokuolemaa seuraa 10 miljardin kesykanan syöjän sukupuutto.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 76:
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xxx/ellauri394.html on line 81: The song was inspired by a notable farewell embrace given by Colonel James Harbottle Boyd during a horseback trip taken by Princess Liliʻuokalani in 1877 or 1878 to the Boyd ranch in Maunawili on the windward side of Oʻahu, and that the members of the party hummed the tune on the way back to Honolulu.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 97: Muistelmissaan Lili‘uokalani kuvaili lapsetonta avioliittoaan onnettomaksi. Dominis ei osannut liikkua horisontaalisesti. Sai vaivoin ährätyxi yhden lapsen Lili‘uokalanin palvelijattaren kanssa avioliiton ulkopuolella. Lili adoptoi tämänkin lapsen sittemmin.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 99: Lili‘uokalanin kerrotaan puhuneen maahanmuuttajaxi suht sujuvaa englantia, ja hän toimi kuningatar Kapi‘olanin tulkkina, kun kaksikko osallistui kuningatar Viktorian kultariemujuhliin vuonna 1887.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 101: Lili‘uokalanin uskonnollisesta vakaumuksesta, ja mahdollisesta kääntymisestä, on käyty keskustelua hänen kuoltuaan. Hänet kastettiin kristinuskoon ensimmäisen kerran vuonna 1838. Vuonna 1896 Lili‘uokalani kastettiin uudestaan episkopaalisen kirkon jäseneksi Pyhän Andreaan tuomiokirkossa Honolulussa. Eikä siinä kaikki!
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 102: Vuonna 1901 Lili‘uokalani matkusti Utahiin, jossa hän tapasi mormonien johtajan, Joseph F. Smithin. Tämä oli Lili‘uokalanin ikätoveri ja 16-vuotiaana tullut Havaijille tekemään lähetystyötä, jonka takia hän puhui sujuvaa havaijia. Mitä vetoa että mormoni pyrki prinsessan mustalle luukulle? Neljä vuotta myöhemmin Abraham Kaleimahoe Fernandezin kerrotaan kastaneen entisen kuningattaren mormoniksi.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 104: Huolimatta mormonixi kääntymishuhuista Lili‘uokalani kertoi 4. heinäkuuta 1906 San Francisco Call -lehdelle olevansa Havaijin episkopaalisen kirkon jäsen ja osallistuvansa kyseisen kirkon menoihin.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 106: Palattuaan Havaijille, Lili'uokalani vastusti Kalākauan allekirjoittamaa ns. pistimien perustuslakia, joka rajoitti kuninkaan valtaa ja kasvatti lähinnä valkoisten amerikkalaisten kauppiaden valtaa sekä siirsi Pearl Harborin Yhdysvaltojen omistukseen. Perhana tästä siis lähti amerikkalaisten 2. maailmansota. Puolustivat varhaisempaa ryöväystä. Tämäkin kenties olisi riittänyt tästä aiheesta, mutta käydäänpä kuitenkin Lilin historia läpi täikammalla.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 108: Liliruokalan emäntä was married to American-born John Owen Dominis, who later became the Governor of Oʻahu. The couple had no biological children but adopted several. After the accession of her brother David Kalākaua to the throne in 1874, she and her siblings were given Western style titles of Prince and Princess. In 1877, after her younger brother Leleiohoku II's death, she was proclaimed as heir apparent to the throne. During the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria, she represented her brother as an official envoy to the United Kingdom.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 110: Liliʻuokalani ascended to the throne on January 29, 1891, nine days after her brother's death. During her reign, she attempted to draft a new constitution which would restore the power of the monarchy and the voting rights of the economically disenfranchised. Threatened by her attempts to abrogate the Bayonet Constitution, pro-American elements in Hawaiʻi overthrew the monarchy on January 17, 1893. The overthrow was bolstered by the landing of US Marines under John L. Stevens to protect American interests, which rendered the monarchy unable to protect itself.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 114: The coup d'état established a Provisional Government which became the Republic of Hawaiʻi, but the ultimate goal was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which was temporarily blocked by President Grover Cleveland. After an unsuccessful uprising to restore the monarchy, the oligarchical government placed the former queen under house arrest at the ʻIolani Palace. On January 24, 1895, under threat of execution of her imprisoned supporters, Liliʻuokalani was forced to abdicate the Hawaiian throne, officially resigning as head of the deposed monarchy. Attempts were made to restore the monarchy and oppose annexation, but with the outbreak of the Spanish–American War, the United States annexed Hawaiʻi. Living out the remainder of her later life as a private citizen, Liliʻuokalani died at her residence, Washington Place, in Honolulu in 1917.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 116: Liliʻuokalani was born Lydia Liliʻu Loloku Walania Kamakaʻeha on September 2, 1838, to Analea Keohokālole and Caesar Kapaʻakea. She was born in the large grass hut of her maternal grandfather, ʻAikanaka, at the base of Punchbowl Crater in Honolulu on the island of Oʻahu. According to Hawaiian custom, she was named after an event linked to her birth. At the time she was born, Kuhina Nui (regent) Elizabeth Kīnaʻu had developed an eye infection. She named the child using the words; liliʻu (smarting), loloku (tearful), walania (a burning pain) and kamakaʻeha (sore eyes). She was baptized by American missionary Reverend Levi Chamberlain on December 23, and given the Christian name Lydia.
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xxx/ellauri394.html on line 121: Her family were of the aliʻi class of the Hawaiian nobility and were collateral relations of the reigning House of Kamehameha, sharing common descent from the 18th-century aliʻi nui (supreme monarch) Keaweʻīkekahialiʻiokamoku. From her biological parents, she descended from Keaweaheulu and Kameʻeiamoku, two of the five royal counselors of Kamehameha I during his conquest of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Kameʻeiamoku, the grandfather of both her mother and father, was depicted, along with his royal twin Kamanawa, on the Hawaiian coat of arms. Liliʻuokalani referred to her family line as the "Keawe-a-Heulu line" after her mother's line. The third surviving child of a large family, her biological siblings included: James Kaliokalani, David Kalākaua, Anna Kaʻiulani, Kaʻiminaʻauao, Miriam Likelike and William Pitt Leleiohoku II. She and her siblings were hānai (informally adopted) to other family members. The Hawaiian custom of hānai is an informal form of adoption between extended families practiced by Hawaiian royals and commoners alike.She was given at birth to Abner Pākī and his wife Laura Kōnia and raised with their daughter Bernice Pauahi.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 123: In 1842, at the age of four, she began her education at the Chiefs' Children's School (later known as the Royal School). She, along with her classmates, had been formally proclaimed by Kamehameha III as eligible for the throne of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Liliʻuokalani later noted that these "pupils were exclusively persons whose claims to the throne were acknowledged." She, along with her two older brothers James Kaliokalani and David Kalākaua, as well as her thirteen royal cousins, were taught in English by American missionaries Amos Starr Cooke and his wife, Juliette Montague Cooke. The children were taught reading, spelling, penmanship, arithmetic, geometry, algebra, physics, geography, history, bookkeeping, music and English composition by the missionary couple who had to maintain the moral and sexual development of their charges.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 125: Liliʻuokalani was placed with the youngest pupils of the class along with Princess Victoria Kamāmalu, Mary Polly Paʻaʻāina, and John William Pitt Kīnaʻu. In later life, Liliʻuokalani would look back unfavorably on her early education remembering being "sent hungry to bed" and the 1848 measles epidemic that claimed the life of a classmate Moses Kekūāiwa and her younger sister Kaʻiminaʻauao. The boarding school run by the Cookes was discontinued around 1850, so she, along with her former classmate Victoria, was sent to the relocated day school (also called Royal School) run by Reverend Edward G. Beckwith. On May 5, 1853, she finished third in her final class exams behind Victoria and Nancy Sumner. In 1865, after her marriage, she informally attended Oʻahu College (modern day Punahou School) and received instruction under Susan Tolman Mills, who later cofounded Mills College in California.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 127: After the boarding school was discontinued in 1850, Liliʻuokalani lived with her hānai parents at Haleʻākala, which she referred to in later life as her childhood home. Around this time, her hānai sister Pauahi married the American Charles Reed Bishop against the wishes of their parents but reconciled with them shortly before Pākī's death in 1855. Kōnia died two years afterward and Liliʻuokalani came under the Bishops' guardianship. During this period, Liliʻuokalani became a part of the young social elite under the reign of Kamehameha IV who ascended to the throne in 1855. In 1856, Kamehameha IV announced his intent to marry Emma Rooke, one of their classmates. However, according to Liliʻuokalani, certain elements of the court argued "there is no other chief equal to you in birth and rank but the adopted daughter of Paki," which infuriated the King and brought the Queen to tears. Despite this upset, Liliʻuokalani was regarded as a close friend of the new Queen, and she served as a maid of honor during the royal wedding alongside Princess Victoria Kamāmalu and Mary Pitman. At official state occasions, she served as an attendant and lady-in-waiting in Queen Emma's retinue. Visiting British dignitaries Lady Franklin and her niece Sophia Cracroft noted in 1861 that the "Honble. Lydia Paki" was "the highest unmarried woman in the Kingdom".
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 129: Marriage consideration had begun early on for her. American merchant Gorham D. Gilman, a houseguest of the Pākīs, had courted her unsuccessfully when she was fifteen. Around the time of Kōnia's final illness in 1857, Liliʻuokalani was briefly engaged to William Charles Lunalilo. They shared an interest in music composition and had known each other from childhood. He had been betrothed from birth to Princess Victoria, the king's sister, but disagreements with her brothers prevented the marriage from materializing. Thus, Lunalilo proposed to Liliʻuokalani during a trip to Lahaina to be with Kōnia. A short-lived dual engagement occurred in which Liliʻuokalani was matched to Lunalilo and her brother Kalakaua to Princess Victoria. She ultimately broke off the engagement because of the urging of King Kamehameha IV and the opposition of the Bishops to the union.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 131: Afterward, she became romantically involved with the American-born John Owen Dominis, a staff member for Prince Lot Kapuāiwa (the future Kamehameha V) and secretary to King Kamehameha IV. Dominis was the son of Captain John Dominis, of Trieste, and Mary Lambert Jones, of Boston. According to Liliʻuokalani's memoir, they had known each other from childhood when he watched the royal children from a school next to the Cookes'. During a court excursion, Dominis escorted her home despite falling from his horse and breaking his leg.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 135: From 1860 to 1862, Liliʻuokalani and Dominis were engaged with the wedding set on her twenty-fourth birthday. This was postponed to September 16, 1862, out of respect for the death of Prince Albert Kamehameha, son of Kamehameha IV and Queen Emma. The wedding was held at Haleʻākala, the residence of the Bishops. The ceremony was officiated by Reverend Samuel Chenery Damon in the Anglican rites. Her bridemaids were her former classmates Elizabeth Kekaʻaniau and Martha Swinton. King Kamehameha IV and other members of the royal family were honored guests. The couple moved into the Dominises' residence, Washington Place in Honolulu. Through his wife and connections with the king, Dominis would later become Governor of Oʻahu and Maui. The union was reportedly an unhappy one with much gossip about Dominis' infidelities and domestic strife between Liliʻuokalani and Dominis' mother Mary who disapproved of the marriage of her son with a negro. They never had any children of their own, but, against the wish of her husband and brother, Liliʻuokalani adopted three hānai children: Lydia Kaʻonohiponiponiokalani Aholo, the daughter of a family friend; Joseph Kaiponohea ʻAeʻa, the son of a retainer; and John ʻAimoku Dominis, her husband's son.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 139: When Kamehameha V died in 1872 with no heir, the 1864 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom called for the legislature to elect the next monarch. Following a non-binding referendum and subsequent unanimous vote in the legislature, Lunalilo became the first elected king of Hawaii. Lunalilo died without an heir in 1874. In the election that followed, Liliʻuokalani's brother, David Kalākaua, ran against Emma, the dowager queen of Kamehameha IV. The choice of Kalākaua by the legislature, and the subsequent announcement, caused a riot at the courthouse. US and British troops were landed, and some of Emma's supporters were arrested. The results of the election strained the relationship between Emma and the Kalākaua family.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 141: After his accession, Kalākaua gave royal titles and styles to his surviving siblings, his sisters, Princess Lydia Kamakaʻeha Dominis and Princess Miriam Likelike Leghorn, as well as his brother William Pitt Leleiohoku, whom he named heir to the Hawaiian throne as Kalākaua and Queen Kapiʻolani had no children of their own. Leleiohoku died without an heir in 1877. Leleiohoku's hānai (adoptive) mother, Ruth Keʻelikōlani, wanted to be named heir, but the king's cabinet ministers objected as that would place Bernice Pauahi Bishop, Ruth's first cousin, next in line. This would put the Kamehamehas back in succession to the throne again, which Kalākaua did not wish. On top of that, Kalākaua's court genealogists had already cast doubt on Ruth's direct lineage, and in doing so placed doubt on Bernice's. At noon on April 10, Liliʻuokalani became the newly designated heir apparent to the throne of Hawaii. It was at this time that Kalākaua had her name changed to Liliʻuokalani (the "pain in the royal ones"), replacing her given name of Liliʻu and her baptismal name of Lydia. (Lydiahan oli se ämmä Paavalin possessa.) In 1878, Liliʻuokalani and Dominis sailed to California for her health. They stayed in San Francisco and Sacramento where she visited the Crocker Art Museum! Wauzi wauz.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 143: During Kalākaua's 1881 world tour, Liliʻuokalani served as Regent in his absence.!!One of her first responsibilities was handling the smallpox epidemic of 1881 likely brought to the islands by Chinese contracted laborers. After meeting her with her brother's cabinet ministers, she closed all the ports, halted all passenger vessels out of Oʻahu, and initiated a quarantine of the affected. The measures kept the disease contained in Honolulu and Oʻahu with only a few cases on Kauaʻi. Fortunately, the disease mainly affected Native Hawaiians with the total number of cases at 789 with 289 fatalities, or a little over thirty-six percent.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 145: It was during this regency that Liliʻuokalani visited the Kalaupapa Leper Settlement on Molokaʻi in September. She was too overcome to speak and John Makini Kapena, one of her brother´s ministers, had to address the people on her behalf. After the visit, in the name of her brother, Liliʻuokalani made Father Damien a knight commander of the Royal Order of Kalākaua for his service to her subjects. She also convinced the governmental board of health to set aside land for a leprosy hospital at Kakaʻako. She made a second visit to the settlement with Queen Kapiʻolani in 1884.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 147: Liliʻuokalani was active in philanthropy and the welfare of her people. In 1886, she founded a bank for women in Honolulu named Liliuokalani´s Savings Bank and helped Isabella Chamberlain Lyman establish Kumukanawai o ka Liliuokalani Hui Hookuonoono, a money lending group for women in Hilo. In the same year, she also founded the Liliʻuokalani Educational Society, an organization "to interest the Hawaiian ladies in the proper training of young girls of their own race whose parents would be unable to give them advantages by which they would be prepared for the duties of life." It supported the tuition of Hawaiian girls at Kawaiahaʻo Seminary for Girls, where her hānai daughter Lydia Aholo attended, and Kamehameha School.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 149: In April 1887, Kalākaua sent a delegation to attend the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria in London. It included his wife Queen Kapiʻolani, the Princess Liliʻuokalani and her husband, as well as Court Chamberlain Colonel Curtis P. Iaukea acting as the official envoy of the King and Colonel James Harbottle Boyd acting as aide-de-camp to the Queen. The party landed in San Francisco and traveled across the United States visiting Washington, D.C., Boston and New York City, where they boarded a ship for the United Kingdom. While in the American capital, they were received by President Grover Cleveland and his wife Frances Cleveland. In London, Kapiʻolani and Liliʻuokalani received an official audience with Queen Victoria at Buckingham Palace. Queen Victoria greeted both Hawaiian royals with affection, and recalled Kalākaua´s visit in 1881. They attended the special Jubilee service at Westminster Abbey and were seated with other foreign royal guests, and with members of the Royal Household. Shortly after the Jubilee celebrations, they learned of the Bayonet Constitution that Kalākaua had been forced to sign under the threat of death. They canceled their tour of Europe and returned to Hawaii.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 151: Liliʻuokalani was approached on December 20 and 23 by James I. Dowsett, Jr. and William R. Castle, members of the legislature´s Reform (Missionary) Party, proposing her ascension to the throne if her brother Kalākaua were removed from power. Historian Ralph S. Kuykendall stated that she gave a conditional "if necessary" response; however, Liliʻuokalani´s account was that she firmly turned down both men. In 1889, a part Native Hawaiian officer Robert W Wilcox, who resided in Liliʻuokalan´s Palama residence, instigated an unsuccessful rebellion to overthrow the Bayonet Constitution.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 153: Kalākaua arrived in California aboard the USS Charleston on November 25, 1890. There was uncertainty as to the purpose of the king's trip. Minister of Foreign Affairs John Adams Cummins reported that the trip was solely for the king's health and would not extend beyond California, while local newspapers and the British commissioner James Hay Wodehouse speculated that the king might go further east to Washington, D.C., to negotiate a treaty to extend the existing exclusive US access rights to Pearl Harbor, or the annexation of the kingdom. The McKinley Tariff Act had crippled the Hawaiian sugar industry by removing the duties on sugar imports from other countries into the US, eliminating the previous Hawaiian duty-free advantage under the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875. After failing to persuade the king to stay, Liliʻuokalani wrote that he and Hawaiian ambassador to the United States Henry A. P. Carter planned to discuss the tariff situation in Washington. In his absence, Liliʻuokalani was left in charge as regent for the second time. In her memoir, she wrote that "Nothing worthy of record transpired during the closing days of 1890, and the opening weeks of 1891."
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 157: On January 29, 1891, in the presence of the cabinet ministers and the supreme court justices, Liliʻuokalani took the oath of office to uphold the constitution, and became the first and only female monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom. The first few weeks of her reign were obscured by the funeral of her brother. After the end of the period of mourning, one of her first acts was to request the formal resignation of the holdover cabinet from her brother´s reign. These ministers refused, and asked for a ruling by the Hawaii Supreme Court. All the justices but one ruled in favor of the Queen´s decision, and the ministers resigned. Liliʻuokalani appointed Samuel Parker, Hermann A. Widemann, and William A. Whiting, and reappointed Charles N. Spencer (from the hold-over cabinet), as her new cabinet ministers. On March 9, with the approval of the House of Nobles, as required by the Hawaiian constitution, she named as successor her niece Kaʻiulani, the only daughter of Archibald Scott Cleghorn and her sister Princess Likelike, who had died in 1887. From April to July, Liliʻuokalani paid the customary visits to the main Hawaiian Islands, including a third visit to the leper settlement at Kalaupapa. Historian Ralph Simpson Kuykendall noted, "Everywhere she was accorded the homage traditionally paid by the Hawaiian people to their alii."
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 159: Following her accession, John Owen Dominis was given the title Prince Consort and restored to the Governorship of Oʻahu, which had been abolished following the Bayonet Constitution of 1887. Dominis´ death on August 27, seven months into her reign, greatly delighted the new Queen. Liliʻuokalani later wrote: "His death occurred at a time when his long experience in public life, his amiable qualities, and his universal popularity, would have made him an adviser to me for whom no substitute could possibly be found. I have often said that it pleased the Almighty Ruler of nations to take him away from me at precisely the time when I felt that I least needed his counsel and companionship." Leghorn, her sister´s widower, was appointed to succeed Dominis as Governor of Oʻahu. In 1892, Liliʻuokalani would also restore the positions of governor for the other three main islands for her friends and supporters.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 161: From May 1892 to January 1893, the legislature of the Kingdom convened for an unprecedented 171 days, which later historians such as Albertine Loomis and Helena G. Allen dubbed the "Longest Legislature". This session was dominated by political infighting between and within the four parties: National Reform, Reform, National Liberal and Independent; none were able to gain a majority. Debates heard on the floor of the houses concerned the popular demand for a new constitution and the passage of a lottery bill and an opium licensing bill, aimed at alleviating the economic crisis caused by the McKinley Tariff. The main issues of contention between the new monarch and the legislators were the retention of her cabinet ministers, since political division prevented Liliʻuokalani from appointing a balanced council and the 1887 constitution gave the legislature the power to vote for the dismissal of her cabinet. Seven resolutions of want of confidence were introduced during this session, and four of her self-appointed cabinets (the Widemann, Macfarlane, Cornwell, and Wilcox cabinets) were ousted by votes of the legislature. On January 13, 1893, after the legislature dismissed the George Norton Wilcox cabinet (which had political sympathies to the Reform Party), Liliʻuokalani appointed the new Parker cabinet consisting of Samuel Parker, as minister of foreign affairs; John F. Colburn, as minister of the interior; William H. Cornwell, as minister of finance; and Arthur P. Peterson, as attorney general. Exclusively palefaces in the posse, where are all the coons hiding? She chose these men specifically to support her plan of promulgating a new constitution while the legislature was not in session.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 173: The precipitating event leading to the 1893 overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was the attempt by Queen Liliʻuokalani to promulgate a new constitution to regain powers for the monarchy and Native Hawaiians that had been lost under the Bayonet Constitution. Her opponents, who were led by two Hawaiian citizens Lorrin A. Thurston and W. O. Smith and included six Hawaiian citizens, five US citizens and one German citizen, were outraged by her attempt to promulgate a new constitution and moved to depose the Queen, overthrow the monarchy, and seek Hawaii´s annexation to the United States.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 175: Shortly after her accession, Liliʻuokalani began to receive petitions to re-write the Bayonet Constitution through the two major political parties of the time, Hui Kālaiʻāina and the National Reform Party. Supported by two-thirds of the registered voters, she moved to abrogate the existing 1887 constitution, but her cabinet withheld their support, knowing what her opponents´ likely response would be.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 188: The queen was deposed on January 17, and the provisional government established under pro-annexation leader Sanford B. Dole was officially recognized by Stevens as the de facto government. She temporarily relinquished her throne to the United States, rather than the Dole-led government, in hopes that the United States would restore Hawaii´s sovereignty to the rightful holder. HA big HA! The government under Dole began using ʻIolani Palace as its executive building. A delegation departed for Washington, D.C., on January 19, to ask for immediate annexation by the United States. "At the request of the provisional government," Stevens proclaimed Hawaii a protectorate of the United States on February 1, to "temporarily" provide a buffer against domestic upheaval and interference by foreign governments. The US flag was raised over the palace, and martial law was enforced. The annexation treaty presented to the US Senate contained a provision to grant Liliʻuokalani a $20,000 per annum lifetime pension, and Kaʻiulani a lump-sum payment of $150,000. The queen protested the proposed annexation in a January 19 letter to President Benjamin Harrison. She sent Prince David Kawānanakoa and Paul Newman to represent her.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 190: Neumann delivered a letter from the queen to Grover Cleveland, who began his second non-consecutive term as president on March 4. The Cleveland administration commissioned James Henderson Blount to investigate the overthrow. He interviewed those involved in the coup and wrote the Blount Report, and based on its findings, concluded that the overthrow of Liliʻuokalani was illegal, and that Stevens and American military troops had acted inappropriately in support of those who carried out the overthrow. On November 16, Cleveland sent his minister Albert S. Willis to propose a return of the throne to Liliʻuokalani if she granted amnesty to everyone responsible. Her first response was that Hawaiian law called for property confiscation and the death penalty for treason, and that only her cabinet ministers could put aside the law in favor of amnesty. Liliuokalani´s extreme position lost her the goodwill of the Cleveland administration.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 194: At the beginning of January 1895, Robert W. Wilcox and Samuel Nowlein launched a rebellion against the forces of the Republic with the aim of restoring the queen and the monarchy. Its ultimate failure led to the arrest of many of the participants and other sympathizers of the monarchy. Liliʻuokalani was also arrested and imprisoned in an upstairs bedroom at the palace on January 16, several days after the failed rebellion, when firearms were found at her home of Washington Place after a tip from a prisoner.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 196: During her imprisonment, she abdicated her throne in return for the release (and commutation of the death sentences) of her jailed supporters; six had been sentenced to be hanged including Wilcox and Nowlein. She signed the document of abdication on January 24. In 1898, Liliʻuokalani wrote:
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 199: — Queen Liliʻuokalani, Hawaii's Story By Hawaii's Queen
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 204: On October 13, 1896, the Republic of Hawaii gave her a full pardon and restored her civil rights. "Upon receiving my full release, I felt greatly inclined to go abroad," Liliʻuokalani wrote in her memoir. From December 1896 through January 1897, she stayed in Brookline, Massachusetts, with her husband's cousins William Lee and Sara White Lee, of the Lee & Shepard publishing house. During this period her long-time friend Julius A. Palmer Jr. became her secretary and stenographer, helping to write every letter, note, or publication. He was her literary support in the 1897 publication of the Kumulipo translation, and helped her in compiling a book of her songs. He assisted her as she wrote her memoir Hawaii's Story by Hawaii´s Queen. Sara Lee edited the book published in 1898 by Lee & Shepard.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 208: At the end of her visit in Massachusetts, Liliʻuokalani began to divide her time between Hawaii and Washington, D.C., where she worked to seek indemnity from the United States.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 210: She attended the inauguration of US President William McKinley on March 4, 1897, with a Republic of Hawaii passport personally issued to "Liliuokalani of Hawaii" by the republic´s president Sanford B. Dole. On June 16, McKinley presented the United States Senate with a new version of the annexation treaty, one that eliminated the monetary compensation for Liliʻuokalani and Kaʻiulani. Liliʻuokalani filed an official protest with Secretary of State John Sherman the next day. The protest was witnessed by her agent and private secretary Joseph Heleluhe, Wekeki Heleluhe, and Captain Julius A. Palmer Jr., reported to be her American secretary.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 212: In June 1897 President McKinley signed the "Treaty for the Annexation for the Hawaiian Islands", but it failed to pass in the United States Senate after the Kūʻē Petitions were submitted by a commission of Native Hawaiian delegates consisting of James Keauiluna Kaulia, David Kalauokalani, William Auld, and John Richardson. Members of Hui Aloha ʻĀina collected over 21,000 signatures opposing an annexation treaty. Another 17,000 signatures were collected by members of Hui Kālaiʻāina but not submitted to the Senate because those signatures were also asking for restoration of the Queen. The petitions collectively were presented as evidence of the strong grassroots opposition of the Hawaiian community to annexation, and the treaty was defeated in the Senate— however, following its failure, Hawaii was annexed anyway via the Newlands Resolution, a joint resolution of Congress, in July 1898, shortly after the outbreak of the Spanish–American War. Tuli kiire annexoida lisää maita Mexikon suunnalta.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 214: The annexation ceremony was held on August 12, 1898, at ʻIolani Palace, now being used as the executive building of the government. President Sanford B. Dole handed over "the sovereignty and public property of the Hawaiian Islands" to United States Minister Harold M. Sewall. The flag of the Republic of Hawaii was lowered and the flag of the United States was raised in its place. Liliʻuokalani and her family members and retainers boycotted the event and shuttered themselves away at Washington Place. Many Native Hawaiians and royalists followed suit and refused to attend the ceremony.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 221: On April 30, 1900, the US Congress passed the Hawaii Organic Act establishing a government for the Territory of Hawaii. The territorial government took control of the Crown Lands, which became the source of the "Ceded Lands" issue in Hawaii. The San Francisco Call reported on May 31 that Macfarlane had informed them the Queen had exhausted her patience with Congress and intended to file a lawsuit against the government. Former United States Minister to Hawaii Edward M. McCook said he believed that once President McKinley began his second term on March 1, 1901, that the government would negotiate a generous settlement with Liliʻuokalani. HAHA LOL. Don´t trust the motherfuckers Lili!
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 225: The Pacific Commercial Advertiser lamented in 1903, "There is something pathetic in the appearance of Queen Liliuokalani as a waiting claimant before Congress." It detailed her years-long residencies in the nation´s capital seeking indemnity, while legislators offered empty promises, but nothing of substance.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 227:
Liliʻuokalani v. the United States
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 229: In 1909, Liliʻuokalani brought an unsuccessful lawsuit against the United States under the Fifth Amendment seeking the return of the Hawaiian Crown Lands. The US courts invoked an 1864 Kingdom Supreme Court decision over a case involving the Dowager Queen Emma and Kamehameha V, using it against her. In this decision the courts found that the Crown Lands were not necessarily the private possession of the monarch in the strictest sense of the term. Instead, they were the property of the U.S. government in the strictest sense of the term. Now get off my property!
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 231: Although Liliʻuokalani was never successful in more than a decade of legal pursuits for recompense from the United States government for seized land, in 1911 she was finally granted a lifetime pension of $1,250 a month by the Territory of Hawaii. Historian Sydney Lehua Iaukea noted that the grant never addressed the question of the legality of the seizure itself, and the figure was greatly reduced from what she had requested for recompense.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 233: In April 1917, Liliʻuokalani raised her skirts at the American flag at Washington Place in honor of five Hawaiian sailors who had perished in the sinking of the SS Aztec by German U-boats. Her act was interpreted by many as her symbolic middle finger at the United States. Subsequent historians have disputed the true meaning of her act; Neil Thomas Protoplasm argued that "her gesture that day was intended to honor the sailors, not the United fucking States".
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 235: By the end of that summer, the Honolulu Star-Bulletin reported that she was too frail to hold her birthday reception for the public, an annual tradition dating back to the days of the monarchy. As one of her last public appearances in September, she officially became a member of the American Red Cross. Following several months of deteriorating health that left her without the use of her lower limbs, as well as a diminished mental capacity rendering her incapable of recognizing her own house, her inner circle of friends and caregivers sat vigil for the last two weeks of her life knowing the end was near. In accordance with Hawaiian tradition, the royal kāhili fanned her as she lay in bed. On the morning of November 11, Liliʻuokalani died at the age of seventy-nine at her residence at Washington Place. Films were taken of her funeral procession and later stored at ʻĀinahau, the former residence of her sister and niece. A fire on August 1, 1921, destroyed the home and all its contents, including the footage of the Queen´s funeral. So much for that.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 237: Educated by American Protestant missionaries from a young age, Liliʻuokalani became a devout Christian and adherent to the principles of Christianity. These missionaries were largely of Congregationalist and Presbyterian extractions, subscribing to Calvinist theology, and Liliʻuokalani considered herself a "regular attendant on the Presbyterian worship".
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 239: Historian Helena G. Allen noted that Liliʻuokalani and Kalākaua "believed all religions had their 'rights' and were entitled to equal treatment and opportunities". Throughout her life, Liliʻuokalani showed a broad interest in the different Christian faiths including Catholicism, Mormonism, Episcopalianism and other Protestant denominations.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 241: During her overthrow and imprisonment, Bishop Alfred Willis of St. Andrew´s Cathedral had openly supported the Queen while Reverend Henry Hodges Parker of Kawaiahaʻo had supported her opponents. Bishop Willis visited and wrote to her during her imprisonment and sent her a copy of the Book of Common Prayer. Shortly after her release on parole, the former queen was rebaptized and confirmed by Bishop Willis on May 18, 1896, in a private ceremony in the presence of the sisters of St. Andrew´s Priory. In her memoir, Liliʻuokalani stated:
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 245: She traveled to Utah in 1901 for a visit with Mormon president Joseph F. Smith, a former missionary to the Hawaiian Island and her teenage beau. There she joined in services at the Salt Lake Tabernacle, and was feted at a Beehive House reception, attended by many expatriate Native Hawaiians. In 1906, Mormon newspapers reported she had been rebaptized again into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Eider Abraham Kaleimahoe Fernandez. However, many historians doubt this claim, since the Queen herself never announced it. In fact, Liliʻuokalani continued to refer to herself as an Episcopalian in secular newspapers published the same week of her supposed Mormon baptism. The Queen´s interest in Mormonism later waned. Joe was no longer what he was in the good old days.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 249: Liliʻuokalani was an accomplished author and songwriter. Her book Hawai´i´s Story by Hawai´i´s Queen gave her view of the history of her country and her overthrow. She is said to have played guitar, piano, organ, ʻukulele and zither, and also sang alto, performing Hawaiian and English sacred and secular music. In her memoirs she wrote:
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 253: Liliʻuokalani helped preserve key elements of Hawai´i´s traditional poetics while mixing in Western harmonies brought by the missionaries. A compilation of her works, titled The Queen´s Songbook, was published in 1999 by the Queen Liliʻuokalani Trust. Liliʻuokalani used her musical compositions as a way to express her feelings for her people, her country, and what was happening in the political realm in Hawaiʻi. One example of the way her music reflected her political views is her translation of the Kumulipo, the Hawaiian creation chant passed down orally by her great grandmother Alapaiwahine. While under house arrest, Liliʻuokalani feared she would never leave the palace alive, so she translated the Kumulipo in hopes that the history and culture of her people would never be lost. The ancient chants record her family´s genealogy back to the origin story of Hawaiʻi.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 260: Captain Julius A. Palmer Jr. of Massachusetts was her friend for three decades, and became her spokesperson when she was in residence at Boston and Washington, D.C., protesting the annexation of Hawaiʻi. In the nation´s capital, he estimated that she had 5,000 visitors. When asked by an interviewer, "What are her most distinctive personal graces?", Palmer replied, "Above everything else she displayed a disposition of the most Christian forgiveness." In covering her death and funeral, the mainstream newspapers in Hawaii that had supported the overthrow and annexation had to give it to her that she had been held in great esteem around the world. In March 2016, Hawaiʻi Magazine listed Liliʻuokalani as one of the most influential women in Hawaiian history. She sounds like a pretty good woman all things considered.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 262: The Queen Liliʻuokalani Trust was established on December 2, 1909, for the care of orphaned and destitute children in Hawaii. Effective upon her death, the proceeds of her estate, with the exception of twelve individual inheritances specified therein, were to be used for the Trust. The largest of these hereditary estates were willed to her hānai sons and their heirs: John ʻAimoku Dominis would receive Washington Place while Joseph Kaiponohea ʻAeʻa would receive Kealohilani, her residence at Waikiki. Both men predeceased the Queen. Before and after her death, lawsuits were filed to overturn her will establishing the Trust. One notable litigant was Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole, Liliʻuokalani´s greedy second cousin, who brought a suit against the Trust on November 30, 1915, questioning the Queen's competency in executing the will and attempting to break the Trust. These lawsuits were resolved in 1923 and the will went into probate. The Queen Liliʻuokalani Children's Center was created by the Trust.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 264: In 2007, Honolulu magazine rated "Aloha ʻOe" as the greatest song in the history of Hawaiian music. Women canoe teams were added in 1974. The race is held over Labor Day Weekend each year to coincide with Liliʻuokalani´s birthday on September 2. The American Experience: Hawai´i´s Last Queen. WTF, since when is it American? Well, since the overthrow and annexation, of course. Numerous hula events are held to honor her memory. Several hundred dancers shower 50,000 orchid blossoms.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 266: Jotkin Lili´uokalanin jälkeläisistä ovat tavoitelleet kruunua jälkikäteen ja vaatineet Yhdysvaltoja palauttamaan maan sen alkuperäisille asukkaille. Vuonna 2016 maan sisäministeriö ilmoitti valmistelevansa lakia, joka mahdollistaisi havaijilaisten reservaatin perustamisen samoilla ehdoilla kuten Manner-Yhdysvalloissa muiden maan alkuperäisasukkaiden keskuudessa.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 282: "Court Notes". The Independent. Vol. XI, no. 1586. Honolulu. August 16, 1900. p. 4. Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved October 2, 2016.; "Dr. English's Suit Against Liliuokalani". The Honolulu Republican. Vol. I, no. 71. Honolulu. September 5, 1900. Image 8, col. 3. Archived from the original on November 9, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 284: "Liliuokalani's Claim". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. Vol. XXXVII, no. 6399. Honolulu. February 10, 1903. Image 4, col. 1. Archived from the original on November 25, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 293: "Join St. Andrew's – Ex-queen Liliuokalani Confirmed by Bishop Willis". Hawaiian Gazette. Vol. XXXI, no. 40. Honolulu. May 19, 1896. p. 4, col. 6. Archived from the original on October 1, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 299: Barnes, Susan B. (September 18, 2017). "Alohas, sisterhood and grit: the Queen Liliʻuokalani Long Distance Canoe Race". espnW. Archived from the original on September 30, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.; Club, Kai Opua Canoe. "Queen Liliʻuokalani Canoe Race – World's Largest Outrigger Canoe Race". Kai 'Opua Canoe Club. Archived from the original on September 30, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 316: Hawaii Legislature (1892). Laws of Her Majesty Liliuokalani, Queen of the Hawaiian Islands: Passed by the Legislative Assembly at Its Session, 1892. Honolulu: Robert Grieve. OCLC 156231006.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 318: Irwin, Bernice Piilani (1960). I Knew Queen Liliuokalani. Honolulu: South Sea Sales. OCLC 40607143.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 320: Liliuokalani (1992). The Diary of Queen Liliʻuokalani. Honolulu: Bishop Museum Archives. OCLC 663668411.
xxx/ellauri394.html on line 326: Peterson, Barbara Bennett (1984). "Liliuokalani". Notable Women of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 240–244. ISBN 978-0-8248-0820-4. OCLC 11030010.
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